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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2010/10/07 Item 1 CITY COUNCIL AGENDA STATEMENT ~\f? CITY OF .~ (HUlA VISTA OCTOBER 07, 2010, ItemL ITEM TITLE: RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA ACCEPTING THE 2009 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS INVENTORY REPORT & THE CLIMATE PROTECTION MEASURES' 2-YEAR PROGRESS REPORT REVIEWED BY: RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA ACCEPTING THE CLIMATE CHANGE WORKING GROUP'S RECOMMENDATIONS ON CLIMATE ADAPTATION STRATEGIES AND DIRECTING STAFF TO RETURN TO COUNCIL WITHIN 120 DAYS WITH MORE DETAILED IMPLEMENTATION PLANS FOR FUTURE CONSTDERA nON DIR. OF~O VATION & ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES ~ DIRECT UBLIC WORKS ,/Y ASSIST A CITY MANAGE~IR. OF DEVELOPMENT SERVICES ~ CITY MANAGE ASSIST ANT CITY, ANAGER '7~ SUBMITTED BY: 4/5THS VOTE: YES D NO I x I SUMMARY As part of Chula Vista's climate protection program, staff has completed a greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventory for 2009 to track emission levels and to inform policy decisions. The 2009 GHG Emissions Inventory indicates that annual citywide GHG levels have increased by 28% compared to 1990. However, there was a 2% decrease in citywide emissions from 2008 to 2009 mainly due to lower overall energy consumption and "cleaner" grid electricity (i.e. more renewable sources of electricity). In addition, per capita emission levels in Chula Vista decreased since last year and are approximately 27% below 1990 levels. GHG emissions from municipal sources (i.e. operations, facilities, and vehicle fleet) in 2009 are approximately 7% below 2008 levels and 47% below 1990 levels. 1-1 OCTOBER 7, 2010, 1tem~ Page 2 of 6 To meet the City's commitment to reduce emissions 20% below 1990 levels, staff has continued to implement the seven climate protection (or "mitigation") measures adopted by City Council in 2008 which focus on lowering energy and water consumption, installing renewable energy systems, promoting alternative fuel vehicle use, and designing pedestrian and transit-friendly communities. At this point, all measures are actively being implemented and are beginning to reduce/avoid GHG emissions. Most measures still require a long-term funding source to ensure continued implementation and consistent progress towards meeting the City's carbon-reduction commitment beyond 2012. To complement these climate mitigation efforts, City Council directed the Climate Change Working Group (CCWG) to develop a list of recommended strategies to reduce Chula Vista's vulnerability to expected local climate change impacts (known as climate "adaptation"). The CCWG - comprised of residents, businesses, and community representatives - held 12 public meetings over the past 10 months to review potential impacts, identify opportunities to reduce these risks, and solicit feedback from the public. The CCWG's recommendations on Climate Adaptation Strategies identify vulnerabilities and offer solutions related to energy and water supplies, public health, wildtires, biodiversity, coastal resources, and the local economy. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW The Environmental Review Coordinator has reviewed the proposed action for compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and has determined that the action qualities for a Class 8. categorical. exemption pursuant to Section 15308 [Actions by Regulatory Agencies for Protection of the Environment] of the State CEQA Guidelines because, the contemplated action proposes adoption of climate protection polices and programs designed to reduce harmful greenhouse gas or "carbon" emissions. Thus, no further environmental review is necessary. RECOMMENDA nON City Council adopt the resolutions. BOARDS/COMMISSION RECOMMENDA nON The Climate Change Working Group presented their draft recommendations on Climate Adaptation Strategies to the Resource Conservation Commission (RCC) on September 13, 2010 for review and feedback. The RCC supported the recommendations and advised City Council to direct staffto develop more detailed implementation plans for the recommendations. The RCC also accepted the 20M GHG Emissions Inventory Report and the 2-Year Climate Protection Measures' Implementation Progress Report at their September 27,2010 meeting. DISCUSSION Chula Vista has historically been a regional and national leader in climate protection policies and programs designed to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) - also known as "climate mitigation." The City has participated in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, ICLEI Cities for Climate Protection Campaign, and the 1-2 OCTOBER 7, 2010, ItemL Page 3 of6 Conference of Mayor's Climate Protection Agreement. Through this past involvement, the City developed a Carbon Dioxide Reduction Plan (2000) and new Climate Protection Measures (2008) to improve energy eftlciency and water conservation, expand renewable energy systems, convert to more fuel eftlcient and alternative fuel vehicles, and design transit-friendly, walkable communities. Both the Carbon Dioxide Reduction Plan and new Climate Protection Measures constitute the City's comprehensive Climate Action Plan which will assist the City in reaching its greenhouse gas emissions reduction commitment of20% below 1990 levels by 2010. It should be noted that the international community has since revised the reduction target date to 2012. ., I ! GHG Emissions Inventory To help identify emission sources, assess program progress, and guide policy decisions, the Department of Conservation & Environmental Service staff has completed a GHG emissions inventory for Calendar Year 2009. Because GHG inventories are based on actual empirical data from a variety of internal and external sources, it typically takes 6-8 months after the end of the calendar year to complete inventory preparation. The 2009 GHG Emissions Tnventory indicates that Chula Vista's annual citywide GHG level is 928,169 metric tons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent (MT COle). The two greatest sources of emissions were from the transportation sector (48%) and residential energy use sector (27%). Compared to 1990, Chula Vista's citywide GHG emissions have increased by 28%, but have decreased by 2% since the 2008 inventory. Per capita and per housing unit levels are approximately 4% and 3% below 2008 levels and 27% and 19% below 1990 levels, respectively. Unlike previous inventories, there was actually a reduction in overall energy consumption throughout the community due most likely to the economic downturn. In addition, SDG&E's percentage of grid-supplied renewable energy has increased which further contributed to lower energy-related emissions compared to 2008. Transportation levels and their associated GHG emissions, however, continued to increase since last year. In order to achieve the City's citywide reduction target, annual community emissions would be required to be reduced by at least 346,536 metric tons C02e (equivalent to a 37% reduction from current levels). Greenhouse gas emissions from municipal sources (i.e. operations, facilities, and vehicle fleet) in 2009 totaled 15,704 MT COle. Similar to the community inventory, the majority of emissions were from the vehicle tleet (50%) and building energy use (32%). In comparison to 1990 levels, GHG emissions from municipal operations decreased by 47% or \3,920 metric tons C02e surpassing the City's 20% reduction goal. The 2009 emission levels also represented a 7% decrease from the previous inventory year's emission levels. This accomplishment was largely possible due to ongoing energy efficiency improvements at municipal facilities and to "cleaner" grid electricity (i.e. more renewable sources of electricity). Chula Vista recently transitioned over to The Climate Registry to verify and publicly report its GHG emissions. Participation in The Climate Registry, which is North America's premier greenhouse gas reporting system, complements the City's other climate protection efforts by documenting GHG emissions as it relates to statewide reduction targets, satisfying California Air Resources Board and other regulators' 1-3 OCTOBER 7, 2010, Item-'-- Page 4 of 6 reporting requirements for commercial emitters, and preparing the City for potential carbon trading opportunities in the future. The City of Chula Vista is the first local government in San Diego County to verify its emissions through The Climate Registry and to participate in San Diego Gas & Electric's Cool Planet Program, which reimburses the City's costs for preparing and verifying its GHG emissions inventory. The City is eligible to participate in the Cool Planet Program because of its aggressive energy efficiency retrofit efforts on its municipal facilities. Climate ];1itigation lv!easures The City has been continuing its carbon "mitigation" etrorts by implementing the seven Climate Protection Measures approved by City Council in 2008. These measures have begun to reduce and/or avoid GHG emissions at municipal facilities and throughout the community. While funding for the measures' implementation is generally secured for the short term, funding availability beyond 2012 has not been finalized although staff continues to identify and pursue potential external funding opportunities. With the use of federal Energy Efficiency & Conservation Block Grant (EECBG) funding, the City has begun construction of a 12,000-gallon biodiesel tank at the Public Works Corp Yard which will allow the municipal fleet's approximately 125 heavy duty vehicles (such as fire engines, excavators, and dump trucks) to transition to an alternative fuel source. Two major contracted fleets, operated by Allied Waste and Chula Vista Transit, have also completed a 100% transition to alternative fuel sources. EECBG funds are also being used to begin installation in October of approximately 500 kW of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems on 11 municipal sites which represent a 7-fold increase in municipal onsite renewable energy generation. A variety of California Energy Commission and SDG&E financing sources are further supporting conversion of streetlights and facility heating systems to more energy efficient technologies. At a community level, the City has used funds from its Local Government Partnership with San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E) and the California Public Utilities Commission to expand energy-saving opportunities and services for community members. Since January, the Conservation & Environmental Services Department has completed over 975 free efficiency assessments through its Free Resource & Energy Business Evaluation (FREBE) program and distributed over $35,000 in energy efficient appliance rebates through its Home Upgrade, Carbon Downgrade program. The Development Services Department has continued to fully implement the City's new Increased Energy Efficiency Ordinance and Chula Vista Green Building Standards resulting in over 396 and 1,090 new buildings, respectively, meeting the new carbon-reducing code requirements. Over 494 new residential units have also been pre-wired and pre-plumbed for solar photovoltaic and solar hot water systems, respectively. Finally, over 17 development projects (completed or in process) have been required to meet the City's new Landscape Water Conservation Ordinance leading to lower outdoor water use. All of these efforts have been aided by an extensive staff training and public outreach campaign. Chula Vista's leadership in working to reduce its carbon emissions has been recently recognized by the California Center for Sustainable Energy ("San Diego Excellence in 1-4 OCTOBER 7, 2010, Item~ Page 5 of 6 Energy" award) and the American Planning Association - San Diego Chapter ("Innovation in Green Community Planning" merit award). The City's Free Resource & Energy Business Evaluation program was also featured in a new "Best Practices Series" for local governnlents sponsored by the California Public Utility Commission and Investor-Owned Utilities. In addition, 20 II will feature the launch and expansion of a variety of new community and municipal efforts to continue this climate action leadership such as installation of up to I MW of solar photovoltaic systems on City buildings, efficiency retrofits to the remaining 4,400 streetlights, and the distribution of almost $1 million in loans and incentives to community members to facilitate energy efficiency and renewable energy improvement projects. Climate Adaptation Strategies Despite current efforts both regionally and globally to reduce carbon emissions, some level of local climate change is expected to occur resulting in escalating temperatureslheat waves, changing precipitation, rising sea levels, and increasing extreme natural events. In response, government leaders are beginning to assess their community's vulnerabilities to these climate impacts and "adapt" their policies and programs accordingly. By minimizing the risks associated with these climate impacts now, future costs and public health concerns can be avoided and/or minimized. In October 2009, City Council directed staff to reconvene a Climate Change Working Group (CCWG) - comprised of residents, businesses, and community representatives - to review and evaluate various adaptation strategies through an open and transparent process. Staff also encouraged broader community involvement in the process through web postings, newsletter articles, email blasts, and phone calls. As a result, the CCWG held II public-noticed meetings over the past 10 months to review potential impacts and identifY over 180 opportunities to reduce these risks. In addition. the stakeholder group hosted 2 additional public workshops on climate adaptation planning to solicit additional feedback which attracted over 30 community participants. The CCWG was further supported by regional experts, climate scientists, and staff from multiple municipal departments. The CCWG's final recommendations on Climate Adaptation Strategies address vulnerabilities and solutions related to energy and water supplies, public health, wildfires, biodiversity, coastal resources, and the local economy. The recommended strategies complement the City's existing climate mitigation measures without duplicating or contradicting them. If supported by City Council, staff would develop more detailed implementation plans for the II recommendations which would outline implementation steps, timelines, and costs. These detailed plans, which would be created by a multi- department team and reviewed by applicable City Commissions, would be presented to City Council for future consideration. DECISION MAKER CONFLICT Staff has reviewed the decision contemplated by this action and has determined that it is not site specific and consequently ilie 500 foot rule found in California Code of Regulations section 18704.2(a)(1) is not applicable to this decision. 1-5 OCTOBER 7, 2010, Item f . - Page 6 of 6 CURRENT YEAR FISCAL IMPACT Submission and external verification of the City's 2009 GHG Emissions Inventory to The Climate Registry is fully funded through the San Diego Gas & Electric Cool Planet Program. Ongoing implementation of the seven climate mitigation measures is mainly supported by existing departmental budgets, California Energy Commission loans, federal Energy Efficiency & Conservation Block Grants, and the SDG&E Local Government Partnership which is funded by California utility ratepayers under the auspices of the California Public Utilities Commission (i.e. thus not creating a new impact to the General Fund). Costs associated with administering the Climate Change Working Group's climate adaptation planning process was also supported by existing departmental budgets, in-kind services provided by rCLEr and the San Diego Foundation, and other external funds secured by the Conservation & Environmental Services Department throughout the fiscal year. ONGOING FISCAL IMP ACT Per City Council's direction, the climate measures' level of implementation is based on available funding. Most measures are being fully implemented using external funding sources or existing departmental budgets. Because two major funding sources - Energy Efficiency & Conservation Block Grants and the SDG&E Local Government Partnership - may expire in 20 r 2, staff continues to try to secure additional long-term funding to ensure the measures' continued implementation. It should also be noted that some climate mitigation measures will actually help create General Fund savings in the long- term through increased energy and water efficiency at municipal facilities and reduced fuel consumption by fleet vehicles. The fiscal impact of the Climate Change Working Group's recommended adaptation strategies is not known at this time, but would be quantified in their detailed implementation plans and presented to City Council for future consideration. ATTACHMENTS Attachment A - 2009 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Attachment B - Climate Protection Measures' 2- Year Progress Report (September 20 I 0) Attachment C - CCWG Recommendations on Climate Adaptation Strategies Prepared by: Brendan Reed, Environmental Resource Alanager, Conservation & Environmental Services 1-6 ~u?- ~ ~~ CITY OF CHULA VISTA 2009 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS INVENTORY Brendan Reed Cory Downs I ATTACHMENT A SUMMARY As part of Chula Vista's climate protection program and its commitment to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) or "carbon" emissions 20% below 1990 levels, the Department of Conservation & Environmental Services performs emissions inventories to identify GHG sources and to help guide policy decisions. The 2009 GRG Emissions Inventory is the City's latest evaluation of its progress in reaching its emissions goals and builds upon past inventory efforts for 1990, 2005, and 2008. The 2009 inventory utilizes the Local Government Operations Protocol which is sponsored by ICLEI, the California Climate Action Registry, The Climate Registry, and the California Air Resource Board. The 2009 inventory indicates that Chula Vista's annual citywide GHG levels are 928,169 metric tons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent (MT C02e). Compared to 1990, Chula Vista's citywide GHG emissions have increased by 28%, but have decreased by 2% since the 2008 inventory. In addition, per capita emissions are approximately 27% below 1990 levels. GHG emissions from municipal sources (i.e. operations, facilities, and vehicle fleet) in 2009 are approximately 47% below 1990 levels. Unlike previous inventories, there was actually a reduction in citywide energy consumption due most likely to the global economic downturn. In addition, SDG&E's percentage of grid- supplied renewable energy continues to increase further contributing to lower energy-related emissions compared to 2008. Transportation levels and their associated GHG emissions, however, increased since last year. To reach the community emissions reduction commitment outlined in the original CO2 Reduction Plan, the City must decrease annual emissions by at least 346,536 metric tons of carbon equivalent. INTRODUCTION Chula Vista has historically been a regional and national leader in climate protection policies and programs designed to reduce greenhouse gas or "carbon" emissions. The City has participated in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, ICLEI Cities for Climate Protection Campaign, and the Conference of Mayor's Climate Protection Agreement. In addition, Chula Vista recently joined The Climate Registry which is North America's premier voluntary greenhouse gas (GHG) reporting system designed to archive participants' early actions to reduce GHG emissions and prepare them for future carbon trading opportunities. Through this past involvement, the City has committed itself to reducing its greenhouse gas cmissions 20% below 1990 levels by 2010 based on a widely-adopted international target. It should be notcd that thc international community has since revised the reduction target datc to 2012. The City of Chula Vista's Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory for calendar ycar 2009 was compiled and calculated using the Local Government Operations Protocol (LGOP) and ICLEI's Clean Air & Climate Protection 2009 software (Version 2.1). The LGOP is sponsored 2009 GHG Inventory Report 1-7 I of II I .1 by ICLEI, the California Climate Action Registry, The Climate Registry, and the California Air Resources Board ami allows local governments to better estimate their annual greenhouse gas emissions from municipal-operated sources. The software also calculates the emissions from major community sources in order to help further shape local climate change policy and goals. The most recent emission coefficients specific to California and/or the San Diego region were used in all quantifications. As such, past years' emission levels were recalculated if new emission coefficient data was available in order to provide a more accurate comparison between inventory years. As stated above, the 2009 GHG Emissions Inventory separates emissions into two major analyses, community and municipal. The community analysis represents the quantity of GHG emissions produced throughout the entire City from both public and private sectors. The municipal analysis only represents emissions from City facilities and operations. In both analyses, the protocol evaluates emissions from three main parameters - energy consumption, transportation, and waste. It is important to clarify that these data parameters are based solely on end use or net results. For example, the City's emissions from electricity are calculated based on the total kilowatts used, not the kilowatts saved in City-sponsored efficiency programs or the emissions output of the South Bay Power Plant. Although there are six GHGs outlined in the Kyoto Protocol - carbon dioxide (C02), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N20), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) - the inventory calculates emissions based on CO2 Equivalent or COle which allows emissions of different strengths to be added together. For example, one metric ton of methane emissions is equivalent to 21 metric tons (MT) of carbon dioxide (or COle) in global warming potential. In addition to outlining its 2009 inventory results in this report, the City has formally submitted its municipal inventory to The Climate Registry (TCR) for public review and vetting. The Climate Registry, which was based on the California Climate Action Registry, but expanded to include participants from across North America, is a more robust greenhouse gas accounting procedure requiring third-party verification. Participation in TCR complements the City's other climate protection efforts by documenting GHG emissions as it relates to Assembly Bill 32's (California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006) statewide reduction targets and prepares the City for potential carbon trading opportunities in the future. The City of Chula Vista is the first local government in San Diego County to successfully report its GHG emissions through The Climate Registry. The City of Chula Vista is also the first local government in San Diego County to participate in San Diego Gas & Electric's Cool Planet Program which reimburses the City's costs for preparing and verifying its GHG emissions inventory. The City is eligible to participate in the Cool Planet Program because of its aggressive energy efficiency retrofit efforts on its municipal facilities. It should be noted that the total municipal emissions reported in this inventory report differ from the total emissions submitted to TCR due to its slightly different carbon accounting methodology. RESULTS With technical assistance from Ie LEI, City staff collected "activity data" from a number of municipal and external sources, including CalTrans, SDG&E, California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB), the Chula Vista Recreation Department, and the Public Works Department (Table I). In most cases, these data sources were able to provide aggregated 2009 GHG Inventory Report 1-8 2 of I] empirical data for calendar year 2009. However, for community transportation levels it was necessary to forecast 2009 data from 2008 CalTrans' Highway Performance Monitoring Systems due to the fact that 2009 data has not been published yet. This will be updated in future inventory reports as more accurate data becomes available. Default emission coefficients and related assumptions were generally used for transportation and waste analyses. For energy analyses, staff included Utility-specific electricity coefficients for C02 emissions. Tf these coefficients were not available for a particular inventory year (or prior year), the California Grid Average electricity emission eoefficients were used. All inventories used the California Grid Average electricity coefficients for CH4 and N20 emissions for the partieular year (or most recently available year). This approach is consistent with the Loeal Government Operations Protocol and preferred by the California Air Resources Board, The Climate Registry, and TCLET for GHG reporting. U\;~1);i5i~~rY~W1m11i.ii~~~~-::,':::;'~' -, Community SDG&E Energy Municipal SDG&E Community CalTrans Transportation Public Municipal Works Dept Community CIWMB Waste Allied MuniCipal Waste Services - Metered electricity & natural gas use - Local power generation plants excluded from I ndustrial Sector's natural gas totals in order to avoid double counting emissions - SDG&E-specific electricity emission coefficients (C02) - CA average electricity emission coefficients (CH, & NzO) - Default natural gas emission coefficients - Metered electricity & natural gas use - Fuel shipment invoices ~ Energy consumption was categorized by buildings, outdoor lighting, and wastewater - Annual VMT data (excluding freeways) was derived from average daily VMT values for Chula Vista - Default fuel emission coefficients - Default occupancy & vehicle classes (community analysis only) - Fuel consumption totals include transit and equipment use - Solid waste disposal data for Chula Vista residents and businesses at all California landfills - Default fugitive methane (CH4) emission estimates (based on EPA WARM Model) - Solid waste disposal data includes trash - Methane capture rates at Otay Landfill hauled by Allied Waste Services and by City staff Other Municipal Recreation - pH canisters' shipment invoices Dept. - Default fugitive carbon dioxide (C02) emissions coefficients Table 1: Data sources and emission factors used for community and municipal emissions analyses. Community Inventory In 2009, community GHG emissions from Chula Vista totaled 928,169 MT C02e (Table 2, Figure I). The sector with the greatest amount of emissions (approximately 48%) was transportation or mobile sources. The residential sector was the second highest source producing about 27% of total eommunity emissions from energy use, followed by the 2009 GHG Inventory Report 1-9 3 of 11 commercial (21 %) and industrial (4%) sectors. Because of the high methane recovery rates at County landfills, the community did not have significant emissions from solid waste disposal. I I I , Compared to 2008 emission levels, 2009 total emissions from citywide sources decreased 2%. The decrease between the two inventory years was attributable to reductions in overall energy use, with emissions from residential, commercial, and industrial energy use decreasing 39,269 MT COle or 8% cumulatively. Transportation-based emissions increased 4% or 15,571 MT C02e since calendar year 2008. Chula Vista's 2009 citywide GHG emissions were 28% higher than 1990 levels and there were emission increases in nearly all sectors since 1990 (Figure 1). The City's residential and commercial sectors' energy emissions increased by approximately 28% and 175%, respectively, compared to the baseline year. Emissions from transportation activity were 32% greater in 2009 compared to 1990, while the industrial sector emissions had a 71 % reduction between the 2009 and 1990 inventory years from 123,128 to 35,444 annual metric tons most likely due to more accurate energy tracking in recent years (see page 9). Similar to past inventories, emissions from ChuJa Vista solid waste disposal at County landfills continued to be not signitlcant in 2009. GHG EMISSIONS INVENTORY Community Sources 1,000 900 III en <: <: 800 0 0 III f- 700 .!!! u E .;: 600 - UJ C1> C1> ::E 500 CJ -0 U <: 400 Cii I1l III ::l ::l <: 0 <: .<: 200 <( t::.. 100 Goal . Industrial o Commercial 61 Residential [) Transportation I 1990 2005 2008 2009 Inventory Year Fij1;ure 1: Total GHG emissions from community sources (by sector) in 1990,2005, 2008, and 2009. Emissions from the solid waste sector were non-significant (<1 MT C02e) and are not graphed. Dashed line represents carbon reduction comm itmen!. 2009 GHG Inventory Report 1-10 4 of 11 COMMUNITY ANALYSIS % % 1990 2005 2008 2009 Change Change (2009 vs (2009 vs. 1990) 2008) Population 135,136 217,543 231,305 235,006 74% Housing Units 49,849 73,115 77,452 78,173 57% Land Area (Acres) 18,558 33,024 33,024 33,024 78% Annual Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) 465,300 684,600 727,100 757,500 63% (Thousands) Residential 2,438,280 3,416,724 3,641,904 3,531,753 45% Energy Commercial 767,716 2,305,220 2,557,321 2,514,921 228% Use (MMBtu) Industrial 1,342,551 485,504 388,748 390,358 -71% Total 4,548.547 6,207,448 6,587,973 6,437,032 42% Solid Waste (Tons) 179,986 217,881 174,583 188,733 5% . All GHG emissions are reported in CO2 Equivalent (C02e) which allows emissions of different strengths to be added together. For example, one metric ton of methane emissions is equivalent to 21 metric tons of carbon dioxide (or G02e) In global warming potential. 1990 2005 2008 2009 Per Capita 5.4 3.7 4.1 3.9 Per Housing Unit 14.6 10.9 12.3 11.9 Per Acre 39.2 24.2 28.8 28.1 Transportation 335,435 412,306 428,683 444,254 32% Residential 197,115 207,533 271,971 252,309 28% Energy Commercial 71,363 146,245 212,432 196,162 Use Industrial 123,128 32,013 38,781 35,444 Total 391,606 385,791 523,184 483,915 24% Solid Waste o 0% o o o 20% GHG Reduction Goal Reductions Needed To Reach Goal Table 2: Summary of community GHG inventory metrics and emission levels for 1990,2005,2008, and 2009. Although there was an increase in total commurrity emissions from 1990 to 2009, the amount of GHG emissions per person, per household, and per acre decreased (Figure 2). The per capita emissions rate was lowered 27% from 5.4 to 3.9 metric tons C02e annually. Per household emissions were reduced from 14.6 to 11.9 metric tons (19%), while emissions per acre decreased 28% from 39.2 to 28.1 metric tons. Nonetheless, in order to achieve the City's 2010 GHG reduction target, annual community emissions would be required to be reduced by at least an additional 346,536 metric tons COce. 2009 GHG Inventory Report 1-11 5 of II 45 15 40 fJ) " fi) 0 " 'in 0 .!!! l- E 0 UJ .;: - '" '" rS :;: u - Cij " ::> :::J " ~ " '" <l: a. 30 25 10 5 o Per Capita Household Acre City Employee Community & Municipal Indicators Figure 2: Per capita, household, acre, and City employee contributions to GHG emissions in 1990,2005, 2008, and 2009. JvJunicipallnventory Chula Vista's 2009 municipal GHG emissions were 15,704 metric tons COle (Table 3, Figure 3). Similar to the community analysis, the majority of municipal emissions were from transportation sources representing 50% of total emissions. Energy use for building and outdoor lighting generated 32% and 18% of total emissions, respectively. Emissions from sewage and solid waste operations were not signiticant in the 2009 municipal analysis. Compared to 2008 emission levels, municipal emissions in 2009 decreased by 7% or 1,220 MT COze. The largest decrease in 2009 was from the building and external lighting sectors which decreased by 751 and 483 MT COle, respectively. Sewage-related GHG emissions decreased slightly by 30 MT COle, while the vehicle fleet sector increased emissions by 44 metric tons (<I %) between 2008 and 2009. When compared to 1990 levels, GHG emiSSIOns from municipal operations decreased by 13,920 metric tons COle or 47% and emission levels per City employee (full-time equivalent) decreased 53% (Figure 2, Table 3). These reductions were mainly caused by lower energy consumption and corresponding emissions (20,260 to 2,793 metric tons) in the external lighting sector (includes street lights and traffic signals) due to energy-efficiency retrofit efforts over the past 20 years (Figure 3). Sewage sector emissions also decreased by 98% resulting in only 21 MT COle being produced in 2009. However, this reduction is most likely due to differences in how pump station energy meters were segregated out of the dataset between the two inventory tears. The municipal building sector increased its emissions 35% or 1,317 metric tons since 1990 as new buildings and facilities have been constructed and expanded. Likewise, the municipal fleet sector, which includes Chula Vista Transit, increased its emissions by 3,190 MT or 69% higher than 1990. Similar to past inventories, emissions from municipal solid waste disposal at County landtills continued to be not significant in 2009. 2009 GHG Inventory Report 1-12 60f11 MUNICIPAL ANALYSIS 1990 2005 2008 2009 1990 2005 2008 2009 Employees 866 1,198 989 979 Per Employee 34.2 13_3 171 16.0 -53% Vehicle Fleet Fuel Use (Gallons or Equivalent) 478,344 1,102,823 923,364 947,109 98% Vehicle Fleet 4,655 9,281 7,801 7,845 69% Buildings 35,527 70,790 65.439 63,709 79% Buildings 3,728 4,576 5,796 5,045 35% External 147,100 27,780 30,422 28,297 External 20,260 2,032 3,276 2,793 Lights lights Energy Use (MMBtu) Sewage 7,122 257 480 216 Sewage 981 19 51 21 -98% Solid Waste (Tons) 5,400 6,603 7,331 8,269 53% Tota! 24,969 6,627 9,123 7,859 -69% Solid Waste 0 0 0 0 0% Total GHG Emissions 15,908 20% GHG Reduction Goal Reductions Needed To Reach Goal Total 189,749 98,827 96,341 92,222 ~ All GHG emiSSions are reported In CO2 Equivalent (C02e) which allows emissions of different strengths to be added together. For example, one metric ton of melhane emissions is equivalent 10 21 metric Ions of carbon dioxide (or C02e) in global warming potential. Table 3: Summarv of municipal GHG inventory metrics and emission levels for 1990.2005.2008. and 2009. DISCUSSION As demonstrated in this report, Chula Vista has experienced great success in reducing annual OHO emissions associated with its municipal operations. The City's investment in more energy efficient traffic signals in the mid-1990s continues to produce dramatic reductions in overall municipal energy consumption and related emissions. While building energy use increased between 1990 and 2009, it has shown moderate reductions since 2005 although there were multiple buildings constructed or expanded during this time period including 2 Civic Centcr buildings. 3 recreation centers, 3 fire stations, and numerous park sites. There have also been recent reductions in emissions from sewage-related energy use as pump stations have been replaced with passive gravity-flow systems. Finally, municipal fuel use has decreased since the 2005 inventory, but remains higher than 1990 levels. 2009 GHG Inventory Report 1-13 7 of 11 GHG EMISSIONS INVENTORY Municipal Sources 35,000 - l! Sewage o Ex!. Lights Ii.1 Buildings o Vehicle Fleet '" 30,000 <:: .Q '" _ 25,000 .~ en E <:: W ~ 20,000 Q) <.> a :s 15,000 () Q) Cij :::;; :J ~ 10,000. <:: <:: <( 5,000 o 1990 2005 2008 2009 Inventory Year Figure 3: Total GHG emissions from municipal sources (by sector) in 1990, 2005, 2008, and 2009. Emissions from the solid waste sector were non-significant (<I MT CO,e) and are not graphed. Dashed line represents carbon reduction commitment. ELECTRICITY EMISSION COEFFICIENTS 1,400 .J1 <:: 1,200 .!E <.> E 1,000 Q) ~ 0 .<: Ll ~ 800 <:: :2; ,Q - '" 600 '" .0 ,!!! ~ E 400 UJ N 200 0 Ll 0 1990 2005 2008 2009 Inventory Year Figure 4: Carbon Dioxide (CO,) emission coefficients from delivered grid electricity in 1990,2005,2008 and 2009, 2009 GHG Inventory Report 1-14 8 of 1 I Chula Vista's overall community GHG emission levels are still considerably higher than 1990 levels. The only community sector to reduce emissions between 1990 and 2009 was the industrial energy use sector. Because commercial and industrial energy use could not be segregated in the 1990 inventory, these reductions in industrial sector emissions are most likely due to more accurate energy consumption tracking in recent years. If commercial and industrial emission levels are combined in each inventory year, there was an overall 19% increase in emissions from the combined sectors between 1990 and 2009. Annual community GHG emissions have, however, decreased slightly since the last inventory report. This can be attributed to lower energy use in the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors. In addition, the carbon "intensity" of SDG&E delivered electricity has been recently reduced by 8% which has also contributed to recent emission reductions (Figure 4). It should be noted that a portion of these recent energy use reductions may have been caused by the local economic downturn (through more vacant building space) and may be reversed as the economy rebounds over the next few years. Since 1990, the Citv ofChula Vista's etIorts to reduce GHG emissions (climate "mitigation") have helped to avoid approximatelv 340.000 metric tons of C02e annuallv. While state and federal climate actions such as increasing grid-delivered renewable energy, improving minimum vehicle fuel efficiency, and lowering fuel carbon content will continue to benefit the City's climate protection efforts, they will not automatically enable Chula Vista to accomplish its carbon reduction commitment. The City specifically plays a unique and vital role in ensuring that future growth (an additional 27,000 homes and 85,000 residents by 2030) is accomplished through sustainable community design. These new structures will need to be designed to maximize their energy/water efticiency, walkability. and access to public'transit and alternative fuel infrastructure to minimize additional sources of GHG emissions. The City will also serve a main role in improving the efficiency of its existing building stock. Through City-sponsored evaluations, incentives, and tinancing programs, the cnergy and water efficiency of existing residential and commercial buildings throughout Chula Vista can be improved which helps to drastically lower GHG emissions and to reduce community members' utility expenses. To address these factors, Chula Vista implemented seven new climate mitigation measures in 2008 which build off of the City's original Carbon Dioxide Reduction Plan (1996) and together constitute Chula Vista's comprehensive Climate Action Plan. The seven measures were initially developed and recommended by the City's Climate Change Working Group (CCWG) - comprised of residents, businesses, and community-group representatives - and were subsequently adopted by City Council. Specifically, the new measures focus on lowering energy and water consumption, installing renewable energy systems, promoting alternative fuel vehiclc use and designing pedestrian and transit-friendly communities. In concert with future state and tederal climate actions, these measures will help the City achieve its carbon reduction commitment. Over the last 2 years, there has been significant progress in implementing the new measures which will help reduce and/or avoid GHG emissions at a municipal operations and community level. In regards to municipal operations, a new phase of facility retrotit projects are being initiated which will install more efficient lighting and heating/cooling technologies and generate over 1.6 million kWh in annual energy savings (equivalent to approximately $250,000 2009 GHG Inventory Report 1-15 9 of 11 in cost savings). These efficiency improvements are being complemented by the installation of approximately 500 kW of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems beginning in October. When the systems are completed at the 11 sites, it will generate approximately 675,000 kWh of "carbon- free" electricity and represent a 7-fold increase in the City's onsite renewable energy generation capacity. The City has also begun construction of a 12,000-gallon biodiesel tank at the Public Works Corp Yard which will allow the municipal fleet's approximately 125 heavy duty vehicles to transition to an alternative fuel source. Two major contracted fleets, operated by Allied Waste and Chula Vista Transit, have already completed a 100% transition to alternative fuel sources. These efforts will help Chula Vista maintain its current 47% GHG emissions reduction (compared to 1990) from municipal operations and assist with further lowering citywide emission levels to meet the 20% commitment. At the community leveL the City has implemented a variety of new programs to reduce GHG emissions. Conservation & Environmental Services Department stan: in partnership with SDG&E, has integrated onsitc efficiency evaluations into the City's business licensing process as part of the Free Resource & Energy Business Evaluation (FREBE) program. Over 900 businesses have participated in the program since January and approximately 95% of surveyed participants have implemented at least one of the City's recommendations for lowering energy use and monthly utility costs. The City also launched the first phase of its Home Upgrade, Carbon Downgrade program which features point-of~sale rebates for community members who purchase energy efficient appliances at local retailers. The City-sponsored rebates (totaling $30,000) have been coupled with over $100,000 of California and utility-sponsored rebates further helping residents and businesses afford the new energy-saving equipment. The Development Services Department has begun to fully implement the City's new Increased Energy Efficiency Ordinance and Chula Vista Green Building Standards. The new standards have resulted in 268 new residential and commercial units exceeding California energy efficiency requirements by 15-20% and/or indoor water efficiency requirements by 20%. In addition, over 6.000 new residential units and 1.3 million square feet of new commercial space that have met the City's new energy-saving Air Quality Improvement Guidelines have been submitted for advanced planning review. Finally, over 17 development projects (completed or in process) have been required to meet the City's new Landscape Water Conservation Ordinance leading to lower outdoor water use. These development-related efforts have been aided by extensive staff training and public outreach campaigns. NEXT STEPS Long-term and full implementation of the new climate protection measures will greatly contribute to meeting the City's carbon reduction goals. For municipal operations, staff is working with financial advisors to further investigate the issuance of Clean Renewable Energy Bonds (CREBs) and Qualified Energy Conservation Bonds (QECBs) to finance the installation of an additional 1.1 MW of solar photovoltaic systems and the retrofitting of an additional 4,400 streetlights with more efficient technologies, respectively. Both tax credit bonds are structured to allow the funded projects' energy cost savings to fully repay the bond debt. Staff anticipates presenting the proposed bond packages to City Council within the next few months for formal review and consideration. 2009 GHG Inventory Report 1-16 10 of 11 On a community level, the Hume Upgrade, Carbon Downgrade program will be expanding in October to include low interest financing for property-owners interested in energy efficiency and renewable energy improvements, The revolving loan fund is structured so that participants' loan terms will be based on the monthly cost savings generated by their energy- saving improvements, Contractors hired by participating property-owners to perform the improvements will also have to meet high consumer protection, training, and workmanship standards, Although the initial federal funding for the program is limited, staff believes that it can serve as the basis for a broader community retrofit effort in the future which would be required to substantially lower GHG emissions associated with the City's existing building stock As such, staff plans to return to City Council in early 2011 tor consideration of a municipal bond package to support an expanded community energy retrofit loan program, Finally, the Climate Change Working Group - comprised of residents, businesses, and conmmnity representatives - has developed a set of recommendations to help the City reduce its risk from climate change-related impacts (known as climate "adaptation"), Their recommended Climate Adaptation Strategies specifically address vulnerabilities related to energy and water supplies, public health, wildfires, biodiversity, coastal resources, and the local economy, The recommended strategies complement the City's existing climate mitigation measures without duplicating or contradicting them, A few recommendations which pertain to energy and water supply would also generate GHG emission reductions by mitigating the Urban Heat Island Effect and promoting local water supplies (instead of imported water), If supported by City Council, staff would develop more detailed implementation plans tor the II recOlrunendations for future public review and consideration. 2009 GHG Inventory Report 1-17 II of 1\ ~ \ ft... ~ - I ATTACHMENT B I CllY OF CHULA VISTA CLIMA TE PROTECTION MEASURES Implementation Progress Report September 20 I 0 SUMMARY On July 10,2008 the City Council adopted implementation plans for seven additional climate protection measures to reduce Chula Vista's greenhouse gas or "carbon" emissions. The new measures, which built off the City's original Carbon Dioxide Reduction Plan, were designed to assist the City in meeting its emissions reduction commitment of 20% below 1990 levels by requiring "clean" vehicle replacements for City and contracted fleet services, linking energy evaluations to annual business licenses, mandating grcen building standards for all new construction, facilitating turf lawn conversions to water-saving landscapes, focusing mixed-use, transit-oriented development near trolley stations, and implementing a community energy efficiency and solar retrofit program. As directed by City Council, staff has been implementing the approved measures over the last 2 years based on available funding. The following progress report outlines each measure's implementation status and upcoming milestones during this time period. Most measures are meeting the milestones outlined in their original implementation plans and the City has been very successful in securing financing to support the measures' short-term implementation. However, funding availability beyond 2012 has not been finalized although staff continues to identify and pursue potential external opportunities. The City has also completed an initial climate adaptation planning process to complement the seven measures' implementation and broaden the effectiveness of Chula Vista's climate protection program. OVERALL PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION Awards & Recognition In March, the City of Chula Vista received an "Outstanding Organizational Achievement Award" from the California Center for Sustainable Energy at their San Diego Excellence in Energy (SANDEE) Banquet. The City was recognized for its comprehensive efforts in promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy, and improving the community's environmental and economic sustainability. Specific accomplishments included creating the first citywide Green Building Standard in San Diego County, providing free energy evaluations and minor retrotits for residents and businesses, and investing in the improvement of lighting, air conditioning, and hot water systems at numerous libraries and recreation centers. The City's Green Building Standards (and related efficiency codes) also were recognized in 2010 by the San Diego Chapter of the American Planning Association with their '"Innovation in Green Community Planning Merit Award." All of these efforts help create utility cost savings and more comfortable public and private facilities. Climate Measures Implementation 2-Year Progress Report (September 2010) 10f16 1-18 Stakeholder Outreach Since December 2009, the City of Chula Vista has reconvened and expanded its Climate Change Working Group (CCWG) to assess the community's vulnerabilities to climate change impacts and develop strategies which "adapt" the community to the projected changes. The CCWG - comprised of diverse stakeholder and community representatives - hosted 12 public meetings as well an "open house" public forum to solicit public input while developing their recommendations on Climate Adaptation Strategies. The CCWG's final recommendations are designed to reduce future risk and costs from projected climate impacts within energy and water supply, public health, wildfires, ecosystem management, coastal infrastructure, and the local economy sectors. The adaptation strategies complement the City's current climate mitigation measures and many strategies will also contribute to lowering citywide greenhouse gas emission levels. If directed by City Council, staff will develop more detailed plans for the strategies to better define their implementation costs, critical steps, and time lines for future City Council review and consideration. The City of Chula Vista is the first local government in the region to begin assessing its resiliency to projected climate change impacts. , ., Emissions Tracking & Reporting The City completed its 2009 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventory to identify current emission sources and to guide policy decisions. The 2009 GHG Emissions indicated that annual citywide GHG levels had increased by 28% compared to 1990, but have decreased by 2% since the 2008 inventory. Per capita and per housing unit levels in Chula Vista were approximately 27% and 19% below 1990 levels, respectively. GHG emissions from municipal sources (i.e. operations, facilities, and vehicle t1eeO in 2009 were approximately 7% below 2008 levels and 47% below 1990 levels. San Diego Gas & Electric's (SDG&E) percentage of grid-supplied renewable energy continues to increase contributing to lower energy-related emissions compared to 2008. Unlike previous inventories, there was also a reduction in citywide energy consumption due most likely to the global economic downturn. However, as the economy rebounds over the next few years, some of these energy use reductions may be reversed. Chula Vista also recently transitioned its emISSIons verification and reporting to The Climate Registry, which was based on the California Climate Action Registry, but expanded to include participants from across North America. Participation in The Climate Registry complements the City's other climate protection efforts by documenting GHG emissions as it relates to Assembly Bill 32's (California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006) statewide reduction targets and prepares the City for potential carbon trading opportunities in the future. The City of Chula Vista is the first local government in San Diego County to successfully report its GHG emissions through The Climate Registry and participate in SDG&E's Cool Planet Program which reimburses the City's costs for preparing and verifying its GHG emissions inventory. The City is eligible to participate in the Cool Planet Program because of its aggressive energy efficiency retrofit efforts on its municipal facilities. MEASURE #1- CLEAN VEHICLE REPLACEMENT POLICY FOR CITY FLEET Overview Climate Measures Implementation 2- Year Progress Report (September 20 lO) 2 of 16 1-19 Measure # I directs the City to require that 100% of the replacement vehicles purchased for the municipal fleet be high efficiency (hybrid) or alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs). However, factors such as the appropriateness for the vehicle task, fueling infrastructure, petroleum displacement, and the overall cost and environmental benefit must be considered prior to purchasing each replacement vehicle. Status The conversion of the City's 128 diesel-fueled vehicles (or 23% of the total fleet) to biodiesel will be completed by the end of October 2010. The new biodiesel fuel, which will mainly be derived from recycled cooking oil, will reduce associated GHG emissions by 20% compared to conventional diesel fuel, In addition, the Police Department has begun replacing existing vehicles with newer models which are over 20% more fuel efficient. Police administrators also instituted an active "anti-idling" campaign to lower department fuel use and have placed reminder stickers in all vehicles. Next Steps City Council approved a design/build agreement on February 23, 2010, with Western Pump Inc. for the design and construction of a 12,000-gallon biodiesel tank at the Public Works Corp Yard. This project is anticipated to be completed in October of 2010. The new tank was fully hmded through the City's federal Energy Efficiency & Conservation Block Grants (EECBG). To complement the upcoming release of commercially-available electric vehicles from several automobile manufacturers, City staff will continue working with regional partners to expand the availability of electric vehicle charging stations throughout Chula Vista at both public facilities and within private homes and businesses. MEASURE #2 - CLEAN VEHICLE REPLACEMENT FOR CITY-CONTRACTED FLEETS Overview Measure #2 directs staff to work with fleets under City authority to influence their expanded use of alternative fuels and high efficiency/alternative fuel vehicles (AFV) including electric, biodiesel, ethanol, hybrid, hydrogen, and compressed natural gas (CNG) based on appropriateness for vehicle task, fueling infrastructure, petroleum displacement, overall cost, and environmental benefit. Status Cl11I/a Vista Tram'it The transit fleet is now comprised of lOO% alternative fuel vehicles. Street Sweeping The current contract with Cannon-Pacific expires June 30, 2011. Language will be added to the Request for Proposals outlining the City's new policy for AFV/Hybrid vehicles. Trash Hauler Allied Waste Services (A WS) re-instituted the use of biodiesel for over 50 diesel-fueled vehicles in its Chula Vista fleet. A WS will also be converting approximately 20 (or 33%) Climate Measures Implementation 2-Year Progress Report (September 2010) 3 of 16 1-20 of its diesel-fueled vehicles to CNG by December of 2010. The trucks have been ordered and are expected to start arriving in November of 20 1 O. Tow Trucks The contract with the tow companies to provide police-initiated tows expires June 30, 2011. Language will be added to the Request for Proposals outlining the City's new policy for AFY /Hybrid vehicles. Next Steps The City plans to work with utilities and regional agencies to further develop local infrastructure for alternative fuels helping to ensure that these fueling options are readily available for contractors and the public, whenever possible. MEASURE #3 - BUSINESS ENERGY EY ALUA nONS Overview The measure, as originally adopted by City Council, would encourage commercial and industrial businesses to participate in an energy and water evaluation of their premises through a new municipal ordinance. The measure helps businesses identify energy efficiency and water conservation opportunities at their facilities and take advantage of rebate, incentive, and financing programs for improvements solely at the business's discretion. The evaluations, which are offered at no cost, apply to licensed businesses with a physical storefront and/or office location. Status In September 2009, City Council directed slaff to create a new municipal ordinance that would require businesses to participate in the Free Resource & Energy Business Evaluation (FREBE) program. The ordinance, which was subsequently passed by City Council in November, states that businesses with store-fronts or offices need to participate in the program when a new business license is issued or once every 3-5 years for a renewed business license. These businesses are not required to implement any of the identified energy or water efficiency opportunities and are not required to complete evaluations for facility areas beyond their operational control (ex. whole-building systems operated and maintained by a Property Manager/Landlord). , In December 2009, approximately 990 existing businesses received notices stating that they would be required to participate in the FREBE program during calendar year 2010. Businesses were able to schedule an evaluation by selecting a preferred date and time on their business license form, through an on-line appointment calendar, or by calling the City's bilingual staff in the Department of Conservation & Environmental Services. Between March and May, staff made two attempts via telephone to contact businesses who had not scheduled an appointment in order to assist with selecting an evaluation date and time. At the end of May, umesponsive businesses were sent postcards with a pre-scheduled appointment during their regular operating hours which could be rescheduled if necessary. As of September 15th, 975 or 99% of the businesses have scheduled or completed a no-cost energy and water evaluation through the FREBE program. Businesses which were no Climate Measures Implementation 2-Year Progress Report (September 2010) 40f16 1-21 longer operating or exempt from the evaluation are included in this total. To date, only 13 or 1% of businesses remain unresponsive to the City's multiple attempts to perform an evaluation. These businesses received a "Non Compliance" letter in September and have until November 15th to schedule an appointment or be subject to a fine on their 2011 business license application fees (equivalent to $15 or 5% of business license costs, whichever is greater). Staff continues to actively reach out to these llilTesponsive businesses to encourage their participation and highlight the potential benefits of the FREBE program on their monthly utility costs. A recent survey of past participants highlighted that 95% of evaluated businesses implemented a "no-cost" recommendation (such as adjusting thermostat settings, signing up for SDG&E's Energy Waves tool, or educating their employees about energy efficiency) ami 62% implemented a "low cost" recommendation (such as installing occupancy sensors, retrofitting to more efficient lighting, or servicing their HV AC system). In addition, approximately 95% of respondents characterized the free evaluations as a positive experience and would recommend the program to other businesses. City staff was also able to distribute 241 CFLs and 81 Smart Power Strips to participating businesses providing immediate energy cost saving opportunities. It should be noted that the level of business satisfaction with the FRESE program and their willingness to implement recommendations from the evaluations has not significantly changed since the program transitioned from a voluntary to a mandatory component of the business license process. Finally, the program was recently recognized in a "Best Practices Series" for local governments sponsored by the California Public Utility Commission and Investor-Owned Utilities. Next Steps Staff will continue to monitor and report to City Council the program's participation levels over the next business license cycle. In addition, the FREBE program will continue to link to new SDG&E and other utility rebate and incentive programs including direct install services which provide free energy-saving maintenance and eHiciency improvements to help lower business's monthly utility costs. MEASURE #4 - GREEN BUILDING STANDARD Overview Measure #4 has mandated new and renovated residential and non-residential projects to incorporate the requirements of the Housing and Community Development's version of the California Green Building Standards Code and to be more energy efficient than the 2008 Building Energy Efficiency Standards by a specific percentage. In addition, staff is working toward a community/site design carbon savings option by which builders can use carbon savings realized from implementing sustainable community or site design measures toward meeting a portion of the required increased building energy efficiency standards. The other two components of Measure #4 are (1) implementing a green building awareness program and (2) updating existing and establishing new design and regulatory provisions that incorporate sustainable practices. Status Green Building Standards Climate Measures Implementation 2-Year Progress Report (September 2010) 5 of 16 1-22 City Council adopted the Green Building Standards on October 6, 2009 and the standards have been in effect since November 5, 2009. Since their inception, 1.090 residential units and commercial buildings have complied with these standards. Buildings, remodels, and additions constructed under these new standards have decreased indoor water consumption by 20%, offer a more healthier and comfortable environment, and have much lower life- cycle costs to operate. Increased Energv Efficiencv Standards City Council adopted the Increased Energy Efficiency Standards on January 26, 2010 and the standards have been in effect since February 26, 2010. Since thcir inception, 396 residential units and commercial buildings have complied with these standards saving an estimated 100,000 pounds of GHG emissions per year. Buildings, remodels, and additions constructed under these new standards have incrcascd energy efficiency by 35% to 40%. Included in this calculation are the savings from the implementation of the statewide 2008 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (versus the previous 2005 version). Status regarding the carbon credit option component is discussed under the Policy Guidelines and Regulatory Amendments section. Green Awareness Program The successful launch and implementation of the Green Building Standards, the Increased Energy Efficiency Standards, and the Solar Pre-Plumbing/Pre- Wiring ordinances (see Measure #5) is due to a comprehensive stafl training program and an extensive public outreach campaign organized by the City's "Sustainability Center" and its coordinator. A formal staff training program began in 2009 and the City recently launched a training series, in coordination with the Sheet Metal Joint Apprenticeship Training Committce, the National Electrical Contractors Association, and the San Diego Electrical Training Center, for City staff, the development community, and other jurisdictions. The public and development communities are also counseled on the requirements of the standards and aided with compliance issues throughout the permitting and construction process. For example, staff organizes pre-submittal application meetings, facilitates permitting, reviews plans, and documentation, and assists with inspections. All segments of the process are monitored through an audit program to assist staff with effective implementation. Chula Vista's successful implementation of the new standards sets an example for other cities considering green building codes. In addition, research groups sponsored by the California Energy Commission, the Building Standards Commission, and the Department of Housing and Community Development have frequently solicited information on Chula Vista's progress with energy efficiency and green building for use in the development of their training and implementation programs. Trade and professional organizations also endorse Chula Vista's level of enforcement as it drives the need for skilled workers and the use of proper equipment and materials in order to comply with municipal codes. Policv Guidelines and Re~mlatorv Amendments This component consists of three tasks related to updating existing and establishing new design and regulatory provisions to ensure incorporation of sustainable practices into new development projects: (1) Air Quality Improvement Plan (AQIP) Guidelines, (2) Zoning Climate Measures Implementation 2-Year Progress Report (September 2010) 6 of 16 1-23 and Design Guidelines, and (3) current and proposed efforts of the Chula Vista Research Project (CVRP) through the National Energy Center for Sustainable Communities (NECSC) and San Diego State University (SDSU) regarding a Community Site Design Program: , i Air Quality Improvement Plan Guidelines The City Council adopted updated AQIP Guidelines on December 8, 2009, and those are now being used in preparation of SPA Plans for Villages 3, 4, 8, 9 and 10 as part of the South Otay RanchlUniversity Villages plamling efforts. Under thc guidelines, the projects will also be evaluated using an updated version of the INDEX computer model that incorporates new baseline score requirements that must be met or exceeded. When the above discussed Increased Energy Efficiency Standards were adoptcd, a placeholder for a community/site design carbon savings option was included, under which builders can use carbon savings realized from implementing sustainable community or site design measures toward meeting a portion of the required increased building energy efficiency standards. Because the credit option approach is cutting edge and pioneering, staff acknowledged that industry standards on calculating and quantifying specific credits were not yet defined, and would be developed pending the outcome of ongoing studies. Staff estimates that those efforts will take another year or more depending upon the outcome of grants being sought in conjunction with the NECSC as discussed further in the applicable section below. Zoning and Design Guidelines On May 25, 2010, the City Council received and accepted a report regarding potential updates to the City's Design Manual that would promote sustainable practices and energy efficiency in smaller-seale site plans and projects. Based on the Council's input, staff is now preparing related Design Manual updates and will be incorporating those along with proposed updates for Mixed Use areas. An initial workshop was held with the Chula Vista Redevelopment Corporation Board (CVRC) and the Design Review Board (DRB) on June 24,2010. A follow-up workshop with the DRB was also held July 19,2010. Staff presently anticipates bringing the updated Design Manual and Mixed Use provisions forward for formal consideration by the DRB, CVRC, Plarming Commission, and City Council in November-December 2010. CVRPINECSC Community Site Design Program- On February 9, 2010, results from the initial Chula Vista Research Project (CVRP) conducted by the National Energy Center for Sustainable Communities (NECSC) were presented to local goverrunent, real estate and development industry practitioners, and the City Council. Although the CVRP was not specifically designed to generate low-carbon site development standards and guidelines. the research results do provide a firm foundation upon which to frame follow-up research to produce them. As mentioned above, the "carbon credit'. option approach included in the City's new Increased Energy Efficiency Standards and updated AQIP Guidelines needs additional research information on measuring and quantifying low-carbon site design standards. As noted in previous progress reports, staff's work with the NECSC and other partners in seeking 2 rounds of Climate Measures Implementation 2-Year Progress Report (September 20tO) 7 of 16 1-24 grant funding (through the California Energy Commission) has not resulted in a grant award. Most recently, staff worked with the NECSe, City of San Diego, SANDAG, and other agencies as part of a regional consortium to prepare a grant application under the federal HUD/DOT Sustainable Communities Regional Planning Grant (SCRPG) program. The grant application was formally submitted on August 23, 2010. Chula Vista's component would fund the community planning and site design carbon credit modeling work. Due to the large number of applications, HUD/DOT has not given a specific date for award responses. The earliest anticipated response timetrame would be the end of the year, with a contract process to follow. If awarded, work could possibly begin by spring/early summer 2011 and would take approximately 12 to 18 months to complete. As a result, the timeframe for devising carbon calculations and credits for site design options would extend until approximately summer 2012. Next Steps As per Resolution 2009-248 adopted by City Council on October 20, 2009, staff will prepare ami present for City Council consideration proposed local amendments to future versions of the California Energy Code requiring increased local energy efficiency standards as well as the necessary future cost-effectiveness studies. The 2011 California Energy Code is scheduled to go into effect sometime in 2011. Research is also starting on the 2010 California Green Building Code (CalGreen) that will go into effect statewide on January I", 2011. Implementation plans will address the significant changes to this code over the prior version adopted singularly by the City of Chula Vista in 2009. A voluntary program to encourage compliance with the additionally stringent ,.tiered" measures in CalGreen will also be explored. Future impacts of new State and Federal legislation and revised standards/codes (such as the International Green Construction Code, the International Energy Conservation Code, Green Globes, LEED, and Build it Green) will be tracked and evaluated. The increasing complexities and scope of these codes will require additional staff training, public outreach, and process adaptations. With regard to the Policy and Regulatory Amendments component, staff will return with amendments to the City's Design Manual and Mixed Use provisions for consideration in November-December 20 I O. Staff will inform the City Council of the HUD/DOT decision regarding any SCRPG program awards and will continue to seek other funding opportunities. MEASURE #5 - SOLAR & ENERGY EFFICIENCY CONVERSION PROGRAM Overview The "Solar & Energy Efticiency Conversion" program was recommended to help facilitate energy efticiency and renewable energy retrofits in the community and at municipal facilities. The community component, which is now called the Home Upgrade. Carbon Downgrade program, is intended to facilitate installation of energy-saving upgrades by helping the average resident and small business overcome common institutional barriers, upfront capital costs, complicated application processes, and time constraints. The program also strives to promote local job creation and economic development by linking community Climate Measures Implementation 2-Year Progress Report (September 2010) 80f16 1-25 partIcIpants with local contractors ami vendors, while ensuring high levels of customer service and quality workmanship. Finally, Measure #5 included the implementation of a pre-wiring and pre-plumbing requirement for solar photovoltaic and solar hot water systems, respectively, in all new residential units to help reduce property owner's future installation costs. Status The Conservation and Environmental Services Department launched the Home Upgrade, Carbon Downgrade '0' Appliance Rebate Exchange component in April 20 lOin partnershi p with local appliance retailers and the Chula Vista Chamber of Conunerce. The component offers point-of-sale rebates for community members who purchase energy and water-saving appliances to replace existing, inefficient models. To date, over $35,000 of rebates (funded through federal Energy Efficieney & Conservation Block Grants) have been distributed in the community and leveraged with over $100,000 of California and utility-sponsored rebates further helping residents and businesses afford the new equipment. The Home Upgrade, Carbon Downgrade program recently expanded to include low interest financing for property-owners interested in energy efficiency and renewable energy improvements. The revolving loan fund is struetured so that participants' loan terms will be based on the monthly cost savings generated by their energy-saving improvements. Contractors hired by participating property-o\'mers to perform the improvements will have to meet high consumer protection, training, and workmanship standards. As originally envisioned, the revolving loan fund was supposed to serve as the basis for creating a broader community financing mechanism to fund building rctrofit projects through voluntarily, property assessments (known as "Property Assessed Clean Energy" or PACE financing). Since the last progress report, there has been opposition from federal housing regulators on implementing local PACE programs. As such, staff is investigating other municipal bond opportunities to provide the capitalization for a broader community efficiency retrofit program. In regards to municipal retrofits, staff has initiated a new phase of energy efficiency and renewable energy improvement projects at City-owned buildings and facilities. The City will begin installation of almost 500 k W of solar photo voltaic energy systems on II sites. Once complete, the project will increase total onsite renewable energy generation capacity to approximately 10% of municipal demand and will help the City reach its ultimate goal of 20%. The City has also completed the design phase of its streetlight retrofit project (phase I) which will convert about 4,600 lamps to more efficient technologies and decrease energy consumption by approximately 40%. Additional municipal retrofit projects which have begun initial implementation include lighting.improvements at multiple parks and buildings, a new boiler system at Parkway Pool, and HV AC upgrades at the Public Works Corp Yard. In all cases, these municipal energy efficiency and renewable energy retrofit projects' financing costs will be repaid through the resulting energy cost savings and produce long- term General Fund savings once loans are repaid (less than 10 years). Finally, since the "solar ready" ordinances went into effect on February 19, 2009. 494 residential units have been pre-plumbed and pre-wired to accommodate the installation of future solar photovoltaic and solar hot water systems. In addition, there have been 41 new Climate Measures Implementation 2- Year Progress Report (September 2010) 9 of 16 1-26 solar photovoltaic and 5 new solar hot water installations which have been permitted since February 2009. Next Steps Staff anticipates that the first round of low interest loans for community retrofit efficiency projects will be t1nalized over the next few months. Staff will also launch the tinal component of the Home Upgrade. Carholl Dowllf{radc program in October 2010 which will feature matching incentives up to $3,500 for residents participating in SDG&E's new whole house retrotit program. Finally, staff will be tinalizing financing options for future City Council consideration to fund the installation of up to 1.1 MW of additional solar photovoltaic systems and the retrofitting of an additional 4,400 streetlights with more efficient technologies MEASURE #6 - SMART GROWTH AROUND TROLLEY ST A nONS Overview Measure #6's implementation plan consists of four components whose status is presented in the following section. The combined intent of these efforts is to accomplish the remaining planning groundwork necessary to support realization of the "Smart Growth" development densities and intensities envisioned in both the General Plan and the Urban Core Specific Plan (UCSP) for the areas surrounding the ESt., H St., and Palomar St. trolley stations. Status Urban Core Specific Plan Implementation! E Street Station In July 2010, staff received a final report from the local San Diego Chapter of the Urban Land Institute (UU) presenting the findings of their Technical Advisory Panel (TAP) process for the E St. trolley station area. The TAP report was presented at a Chula Vista Redevelopment Corporation (CVRC) workshop on August 12, 20 I O. Based on the eVRe's input, staff is now working with CalTrans, MTS, SANDAG and others regarding station location and design options to form the foundation for overall site design. Staff is also beginning discussions with MTS on re-parceling City and MTS properties and negotiations with other property owners. Evaluation of more specific design!project options for all, or portions, of the site will follow accordingly. In addition, marketing of the site for actual development is envisioned to follow Coastal Commission actions on the Bayfront Master Plan. H Street Corridor Studv This implementation plan component consists of three initiatives: (I) an Urban Land Institute program. (2) potential General Plan and/or LICSP amendments, and (3) completion of a 3-D visual simulation model with SANDAG of a redeveloped corridor. Per Council/CVRC direction in October 2008, funding for an Urban Land Institute (UU) Advisory Services Program (or other effort) for the corridor remains on hold. Subsequent to completing work on the E St. Transit Focus Area. staff will return with a revised proposal for accomplishing the H Street Corridor Study subject to future funding availability. Southwest Specific Plan(s) Climate Measures Implementation 2-Year Progress Report (September 2010) 10 ofl6 1-27 Planning work is underway on preparation of a Specific Plan and Environmental Impact Report for the Palomar Gateway area around the Palomar St. trolley station. Responses to Request for Proposals for the Environmental Impact Report are due by Seftember n'd, while proposals for a market and a mobility study are due by September 26\. Consultant selection and contract finalization is expected to follow in October and November 2010. Staff is also near completion of an existing eonditions analysis, and is working on other technical studies. Staff has been and will continue to coordinate these efforts, which should be completed by fall 2011, through regular meetings with the Southwest Working Group, Other Related Regional Efforts This component consists of two initiatives: (1) the 1-5 Corridor Study with SANDAG and CalTrans and (2) funding to accomplish grade separation of the trolley line at E and H Streets. In regards to the 1-5 Multi-Modal Corridor Study, three study alternatives and a preferred alternative were presented and accepted by SANDAG's Transportation Committee and the Board of Directors in June 2010. The preferred alternative is being reflected in SANDAG's draft 2050 RTP that is currcntly under review. Staff is now working with SANDAG and CalTrans in reviewing proposed operational and other improvements, and in evaluating proposed priorities for the improvements. The Draft Corridor Study is scheduled for completion by October 2010. Staff will subsequently present the study to City Council along with information regarding implications for the Westcrn Chula Vista Transportation Development Impact Fee. In regards to trolley grade separation funding, staff will eontinue to work with SANDAG and others to identify and seek grant funding, including partieipation in ongoing regional grant programs. SANDAG's Draft Rail Grade Crossing Evaluation Summary (September 2010) contains needs rankings for grade separation projects based on previously approved evaluation eriteria, and list Palomar St., ESt., and H St. in Chula Vista as priorities 3, 5, and 6, respectively (out 01'29). Next Steps Over the next 6 month period, the City will pursue E St. station reloeation, and other property design and configuration issues with CalTrans, MTS, SANDAG, and other stakeholders. In addition, staff will complete the Palomar Gateway Specific Plan and Environmental Impact Report over the next 12 - 15 months. In coordination with SANDAG, the Development Services Department will complete the 1-5 Corridor Study and present the outcomes to City Council in late 2010 early 2011. Finally, staff will continue to actively seek additional funding for the E Street, H Street, and Palomar Street trolley grade separation projects. MEASURE #7 - TURF LAWN CONVERSION PROGRAM Overview Because water movement and treatment requires a large amount of energy and subsequently is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, Measure #7 is intended to help residents and businesses replace turf lawn areas with "xeriscape" or "WaterS mart" landscaping. These landscape types are diverse, colorful, and attractive incorporating low maintenance and water-wise design features. Specifically, the program's components include (1) continuation and expansion of the NatureScape program to promote water conserving and Climate Measures Implementation 2- Year Progress Report (September 2010) 11 of 16 1-28 nature-friendly landscaping, (2) coupling of residential and business turf lawn replacement with the solar conversion aggregation block process (Measure #5), (3) converting select municipal facilities to low water use plantings and irrigation, and (4) updating various municipal landscape regulations and guidelines to comply with new state requirements and further promote outdoor water use efficiency. Status The Conservation and Environmental Services Department continues to implement its community-based NatureScape program which promotes nature-friendly landscaping by educating residents and businesses through free on-site assessments of their properties to evaluate wildlife-friendly and water-conserving features. City statT also educates participants about possible water-saving improvements and available incentives and rebates, when applicable. Properties which successfully meet the program's requirements are certified through the National Wildlife Federation's "Backyard Wildlife Habitat" program and receive an aluminum yard sign and certificate. To uate, staff has performed on-site assessments for property owners and established approximately 275 NatureScape yards through the program's current limited funding source. On Dec 8 2009, the City Council approved a new Chula Vista Landscape Water Conservation ordinance, Chapter 20.12 of the Municipal Code. The oruinance, which was drafted by the Development Services Department in collaboration with Otay Water District and Sweetwater Authority, outlines new water-conserving lanuscape design criteria which will typically apply to new and renovated lanuscaped areas over 2,500 ft2 throughout the City. The oruinance also promotes the use of recycled and gray water for irrigation purposes and the reduction of excessive turf areas. For properties under the 2,500 ft2 threshold, Conservation and Environmental Services Department has developed an "Outdoor WaterS mart Checklist" which promote a wide range of water-saving design and operational features which can be incorporated into all landscaping. The checklist is complemented by free, on-line WaterSmart landscaping plans. Since becoming effective on January 1. 2010.17 development projects have submitted or are in the process of submitting full landscape design packages which meet the new code requirements. In audition, over 50 permit applicants, who are installing or replacing smaller landscaped areas, have received an "Outdoor WaterS mart Checklist" for reference. Finally, the Public Works Department was successful in receiving a $6,500 grant through Otay Water District's "Cash for WaterSmart Plants Program." The funds were used to design and install low water use landscaping on the East H Street median (between Otay Lakes Road and Rutgers Avenue) to replace over 9,000 square feet of existing turf. The new landscaping will contribute to reducing municipal monthly utility costs and will serve as an example for community members. In addition, Public Works has applied for state funding to constmct a comprehensive WaterSmart demonstration garden at the entrance to the City's Rice Canyon Preserve. If funded, the new garden would serve as an educational showcase for community members and local educational institutions. Next Steps City staff will continue, as funding permits, to enroll property owners in the Chula Vista NatureScape program and certify their yards and gardens through the National Wildlife Federation. Additionally, outdoor water use efficiency and turf conversions may be Climate Measures Implementation 2-Year Prob'fess Report (September 2010) 12 of 16 1-29 incorporated into the eventual expansIOn of the Home Upgrade, Carhon Downgrade program, I I 1 I I I 1 I j I I 1 I , I I I , j I I I ,I I 1 I I I I ,I I I IMPLEMENT A nON FINANCING Because staff has already secured almost $670,000 III one-time funds for initial implementation, the new measures' full implementation costs (revised amount) are now estimated at $2,120,000 and $1,990,000 in one-time and annual costs, respectively (Table I), In the Council-approved implementation plans, staff outlined various financing options to support full implementation of the new climate protection measures, Over the past 2 years, staff has pursued these options as highlighted below: Table 1: Revised implementation cost estimates for the Council-approved climate measures "-"":,..'~""':,:")>...,~" .~',,'.' ",;-.;;:..,:...:"..-,--:-;':. ''''~~~~~~~~ri'~ ~;~~~, ':...:~~:'3:~;F.:~~_;'~fW~~i":fi~~\:~~' , Admin. Emissions Tracking & Reporting 2 1 00% Clean Vehicle Replacement Policy for City Fleet 1 00% Clean Vehicle Replacement Policy for City- Contracted Fleet Services Track progress in reducing carbon emissions through ICLEl and California Climate Action Registry program participation $95,000 Replace vehicles through the purchase or lease of alternative fuel and hybrid vehicles $0 $160,000 Work with current and future vendors to include a "Clean Vehicle" replacement policy into the bid and contracting process 3 Through an ordinance addition, encourage businesses Business Energy Assessments to participate in a no cost assessment as part of the business licensing process $325,000 4 Green Building Standard 5 Solar & Energy Efficiency Conversion* Through a building code revision, require new and renovated buildings to increase their energy efficiency and meet statewide green building standards $0 $650,000 Provide a cost-effectve, streamlined mechanism for property owners to implement solar and energy efficiency upgrades and create a municipal code requiring pre-wiring for solar electric systems $0 $350,000 6 Smart Growth Around Trolley Implement the 'smart growth' design principles outlined Stations** in municipal planning documents 7 Outdoor Water Conservation*** Provide a cost effec1ive, streamlined mechanism for installing water saving plants at private/public sites and create new municipal landscape regulations 5410,000 $1,990,000 * In addi1ion to annual costs presented, implementation of measure #5 would require Issuance of a public bond, paid back by the property-owners receiving the services, to cover upfront capital costs for solar and energy efficiency upgrades ** The City has already secured approximately $2 million for related regional smart growth efforts such as the 1~5 Corridor Study *** One-time costs for measure #7 include $1,500,000 for Municipal FacilitIes Turf Conversion CIP ^ The City has funded some one-time costs through grants/other external sources and by redirecting existing staff time to implement measures. 13 of 16 Climate Measures Implementation 2-Year Progress Report (September 2010) 1-30 SDG&E Loml Government Partnership Since 2006 Chula Vista and San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E) have been jointly implementing programs to reduce energy consumption at municipal facilities and in the community through their Local Government Partnership. The funding is provided through a California Public Utilities Commission-sponsored "Public Goods Charge", which is a monthly utility bill surcharge on energy consumed by every customer in SDG&E's territory. The City has received over $4 million (3-year total) through San Diego Gas & Electric's Local Government Partnership program which provides support for staff time (salaries and benefits for 6 full-time and 7 part-time staff members) and program costs for Measures #3 (Business Evaluations), #4 (Green Building Standard), and #5. . The current Local Government Partnership funding expires at the end of December 2012 and staff will pursue continuation (and expansion) of the funding source. Energy Franchise Fces Currently, the City collects a franchise fee of 1.25% and 2.00% on citywide electricity and natural gas sales, respectively, through San Diego Gas & Electric regardless of energy provider. Staff has bcen negotiating with San Dicgo Gas & Electric to increase the franchise fee to fund carbon-saving improvement projects in the community and at municipal facilities. For example, an increase of I % in both electri:city (adjusted rate - 2.25%) and natural gas (adjusted rate = 3.00%) fees would generate approximately $2.2 million in additional revenue and meet 100% of the ongoing funding needs for all climate protection measures implementation. Any new rate would still be under or comparablc to other local jurisdiction's energy franchise fees. At this point, SDG&E has been reluctant to support a franchise fee increase for climate protection purposes and' continues to discuss alternate funding options with City statT Local Fee Authority A local fee authority has been granted in the past by the State legislature to enable local governments to fund environmental programs and services. For e~ample, Chula Vista received fee authority under Assembly Bill 939 (Integrated Waste Management Act of 1989) to fund the development and implementation of municipal solid waste, recycling and household hazardous waste programs to meet state-mandated landfill diversion goals and local reporting requirements. A new carbon-focused Local Fee Aurhority would enable jurisdictions to place a local surcharge on utility bills (such as energy, water, or sewer) to fund local carbon reduction programs and services. Over the last 2 yea'rs, staff has helped to draft potential bill language for review and consideration by local and statewide elected officials. Staff has also shared the draft language with other California,cities and counties to broaden support and to encourage legislative action. Similar to franchise fees, the Local Fee Authority would create a new, long-term revenue source for the implementation of all seven climate protection measures. Building Permit Fees Development fees could be increased to cover the additional costs associated with implementing a citywide, mandatory green building standard (Measure #4). The extra costs are attributed to the need for enhanced staff training on energy efticiency, renewable energy and sustainable building technologies, and for expanded permitting and inspection services. The Finance Department is currently finalizing a Master Fee Study assessing the revenue Climate Measures Implementation 2-Year Progress Report (September 2010) 14 of 16 needed to fully fund the City's broader development-related services. As part of this study, the City will be able to specifically assess the additional costs from a mandatory green building program and revise the fee schedule as needed. Statl anticipates presenting the Master Fee Study's results to City Council in spring 2011 for review and consideration. Bonds The Council-approved financial strategy outlined the use of municipal bonds to support measures implementation. A municipal bond would be utilized to finance two carbon- saving project types - public purpose projects (such as municipal renewable energy installations) and community retrofit projects (such as energy and water efficiency upgrades in homes and businesses). Regardless of project type, the municipal bond's debt service would be otIset by the resulting energy cost savings and repaid by beneficiaries of those savlngs. Since the last progress report, staff has hired tinancial advisors to further prepare issuance packages tor the City's Clean Renewable Energy Bonds (CREBs) and Qualified Energy Conservation Bonds (QECBs) allocations. These special Internal Revenue Service tax credit bond programs are structured to allow public agencies to fund energy-saving projects and use the resulting cost savings to fully repay the bond debt. The CREBs and QECBs will be able finance the installation of up to 1.1 MW of additional solar photo voltaic systems and the retrofitting of an additional 4,400 streetlights .with more efficient technologies, respectively. Staff anticipates presenting the proposed QECB financing package to City Council by January 2011 for formal review and consideration, while the CREBs package will be presented in April 2011. As described under Measure #5, staff is investigating municipal bond options to support an expanded community energy retrofit loan program. This is necessary because of recent federal policies which limit the use of Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) financing such as the statewide CaliforniaFIRST Program \vhich Chula Vista joined at the beginning of 2010. Any new bonds for community retrofits would be secured through a lien on participants' properties and repaid through the resulting utility cost savings. As such, staff plans to return to City Council in early 2011 for consideration of a municipal bond package to support an expanded community energy retrofit loan program. . Grants Through the federal Energy Efficiency & Conservation Block Grant (EECBG) program, the City has received $1,974,300 to reduce energy consumption and stimulate the local economy. The funding has allowed the City to move forward with a number of projects that advance the City's Climate Action Plan by installing a new biodiesel fuel tank at the Public Works Corp Yard and converting 128 diesel-fueled t1eet vehicles to the alternative fuel source (Measure # I-City Fleet Clean Vehicle Replacements), expanding on-site municipal solar energy systems (Measure #5-Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Conversions), and by providing direct incentives and loans to homeowners interested in energy efficiency projects (Measure #5). The City will also be resubmitting a grant application to CalFIRE to expand the NatureScape program (Measure #7-Turf Removal & Landscape Water Efficiency). Climate Measures Implementation 2-Year Progress Report (September 2010) 15 of 16 1-32 City staff will continue to implement the Council-approved climate protection measures and to further the City's progress in creating tangible carbon reductions. One of the greatest challenges to facilitating further municipal and community-wide carbon reductions will be to establish a secure long-term funding source to ensure that the progress and momentum regained over the past two years continues until the City's environmental and economic sustainability goals are achieved. Climate Measures Implementation 2-Year Progress Report (September 2010) 16 of 16 1-33 ATTACHMENTC CLIMA TE CHANGE WORKING GROUP Recommendations on Climate Adaptation Strategies SUMMARY Below are the Climate Change Working Group's final recommendations on climate adaptation strategies that the City of Chula Vista should implement to reduce the community's future risk from climate change-related impacts (numbering does not reflect priorities): 1. Develop an ordinance incorporating reflective paving (or "Cool Paving") into all municipal paving projects (parking lots & streets) and new private parking lot' projects (over a specific size). 2. Develop an ordinance incorporating shade trees into all municipal projects (parking lots & streets) and new private parking lot projects (over a specific size). The new ordinance should include a deviation for solar carports (or other shade structures), be complementary to existing free tree programs, and potentially be incorporated into the existing Landscape Water Conservation regulations. 3. Require and provide incentives (such as contributing to City's enhanced energy code requirements) for new residential development with air-conditioning systems to install ENERGY STAR cool roof technology. 4. Educate residents and businesses about the benefits and appropriate uses of local water supplies (including recycled water, groundwater desalination, and onsite water reuse systems) and further integrate recycled water (if available) and on site water reuse systems into new development and redevelopment plans. 5. Revise the City's Stormwater regulations and applicable landscape/building codes to efficiently manage higher concentrations of pollutants in runoff by minimizing water waste, using natural landscapes which help drain or reuse runoff, and by ensuring that irrigation systems are properly installed/maintained. 6. Actively educate the general public and the business community (through community newsletters, websites, public events, and signage) about the impacts of climate change and what the community is doing to address impacts. In close coordination with the Fire Department, special emphasis should be given to using existing outreach mechanisms (Southwestern College's Services Learning program, Americorps/CERT training, and City environmental outreach programs) to expand public education on making homes more resilient to wildfires. 7. Include "extreme heat" events as a significant emergency in Chula Vista's Emergency Response Plan (short term) and its portion of the County's Multi-Jurisdiction Hazard Mitigation Plan (long term), and redefine "extreme heat" events with a special emphasis on serving vulnerable populations, supporting a robust network of "Cooling Centers", incorporating poor air quality day nollfjcations, educaltng businesses about employee heat. illness risks, and integrating renewable energy sources into emergency/cooling centers. 8. In order to assess and reduce impacts associated with climate change on parks and open space and their associated ecosystems, seek opportunities to partner with the Resource Agencies, non-profit organizations, and/or adjacent public land managers to monitor and manage/restore ecosystems (as funding becomes available) to ensure long-term habitat connectivity, species resilience, and community recreational opportunities CCWG Final Recommendations on Climate Adaptation Strategies 9-27-10 1of4 1-34 9 When preserving or restoring coastal and riparian wetlands, incorporate adequate upland or transition habitats to accommodate shifts in wetlands coverage and help ensure public access due to sea level rise and other climate change impacts as informed by biological studies and Resource Agency consultation. ' 10. Use the outcome of the current San Diego Bay Climate Adaptation Study (being sponsored by the San Diego Foundation and ICLEI) to revise the City of Chula Vista's Land Development Ordinances (such as Grading Ordinance) and CEQA Guidelines to incorporate climate change-related sea level rise & other flooding risks into future development and municipal infrastructure projects' design and review, 11. Provide assistance and non-monetary incentives to help businesses manage climate change risks and to attract businesses that provide "green" products or services into Chula Vista. If these recommendations are supported by City Council, City staff should develop more detailed implementation plans for the measures. Within these plans, staff should outline implementation steps, timelines, and cost estimates for each measure. These detailed implementation plans should be presented to City Council for a final decision on whether to move forward with specific measures. BACKGROUND In October 2009, City Council directed staff to reconvene a Climate Change Working Group (CCWG) - comprised of residents, businesses, and community representatives - to develop a list of recommended strategies for the City to reduce vulnerabilities to expected local climate change impacts (known as "climate adaptation"), Expected impacts include hotter and drier weather, diminished imported water supplies, more poor air quality/heat wave days, more frequent wildfires, shifts in habitat and species distribution, and increased rates of sea level rise. The reconvened CCWG, which was established as a subcommittee of the City's Resource Conservation Commission (RCC), included some members from the previous working group augmented with additional members to reflect the group's new climate adaptation-related focus areas: Focus Area Stakeholder Representatives Water William Granger/Rhianna Pensa - Otay Water District Management Sue Mosburg - Sweetwater Authority Energy Robert Friar/Larry James Chula Vista Electric Management Andrea Cook CA Center for Sustainable Energy Julie Ricks - San Diego Gas & Electric Infrastructure Nick Lee - Corky McMillin Company & Resources Sean Kilkenny - Otay Ranch Company Public Health, Lynda Gilgun (Chair) - Edueation/RCC Education, & Trish Axsom/Terry Davis Southwestern College Wildfires Ana Melgoza - Independent Public Health Representative Ecosystems & Serge DedinalKatie Westfall ~ WiLDCOAST Biodiversity Harry Orgovan - Chula Vista Kayak Business & Richard D' Ascoli - Pacitic Southwest Assoc. of Realtors/Chamber of Commerce Economy Sassan Rahimzadeh Arya Cleaners/RCC Planning Brion Holland ~ ICLEI Process Nicola Hedge - San Diego Foundation CCWG Final Recommendations on Climate Adaptation Strategies 9-27-10 2 of 4 1-35 The CCWG planning process was facilitated by Conservation & Environmental Services Department staff with technical support from the Fire, Public-Works, and Development Services Departments. PLANNING PROCESS The CCWG met 11 times from December 2009 through August 2010 in public meetings at various municipal locations. In addition to posting public notices prior to each meeting, an emall notice was sent to over 60 additional stakeholder groups and community members to invite them to attend the meetings and provide feedback. The majority of these stakeholder groups had been involved in the previous climate mitigation planning process in 2008 A notice was also published through the City's Community Connections newsletter at the onset of the climate adaptation planning process to help build community awareness about the CCWG effort. To solicit additional public feedback, the CCWG hosted a public forum on June 16, 2010 at the Norman Park Senior Center. Over 30 community members attended the "open house" meeting and shared their opinions and priorities for climate adaptation strategies. The planning process was split into three phases - information gathering, risk' assessment, and strategies selection. During the first phase, the meetings featured presentations from CCWG members and regional experts on the different adaptation topics. These presentations discussed the current state of practices (i.e. "business as usual"), the predicted impacts to the San Diego region from climate change based on the best available data, and the vulnerability of municipal operations and the broader community to these impacts. Staff summarized this' information into a Climate Adaptation Planning Matrix for each focus area. In the end, the CCWG identified over 180 possible climate adaptation strategies. . In phase two, the CCWG assigned risk levels to each identified vulnerability in consultation with researchers from the University of California San Diego Risk was defined as a product of the likelihood of the climate change impact occurring and the consequence of the impact. Each factor was scored from 1-5 and overall risk was categorized as "Low," 'Medium," or "High" In addition, various adaptation strategies to address each impact and vulnerability were vetted based on three initial criteria: (1) strategy falls within the City's jurisdiction, (2) strategy is fiscally feasible (i.e. does not rely on General Fund support for implementation), and (3) strategy does not duplicate or contradict current climate mitigation measures. In the final phase, CCWG members discussed and prioritized which strategies would be ultimately included in their recommendations. Strategies that could be characterized as "no regret" actions or actions having multiple co-benefits were regarded as high priority measures. The CCWG also worked to combine multiple strategies into a single recommendation to broaden their positive impact. Community members attending the meetings in this final phase were heavily involved in the discussion and prioritization activities. Finally, the CCWG made a presentation to the Resource Conservation Commission at their September 13th meeting to receive feedback' and further inform their final recommendation selection (Appendix A). The CCWG also received a joint comment letter from the Environmental Health Coalition and San Diego Coastkeeper (Appendix B). NEXT STEPS The Climate Change Working Group's final list of recommendations to help Chula Vista "adapt" to climate change impacts are designed to reduce future risk and costs within energy and water supply, public health, wildfires, ecosystem management, coastal infrastructure, and the local economy sectors. The adaptation strategies complement the City's current climate mitigation measures and many strategies will also contribute to lowering citywide greenhouse gas emission levels. Due to the limited resources available to the CCWG, a formal cost. analysis for each recommendation could not be completed As such, the CCWG recommends that City Council direct staff to develop more detailed plans to better define implementation costs, critical steps, and timelines for future City Council review and consideration. CCWG Final Recommendations on Climate Adaptation Strategies 9-27-10 3 of 4 1-36 APPENDIX A Below are the comments received at the Resource Conservation Commission meeting on September 13, 2010 regarding the CCWG's draft recommendations on Climate Adaptation Strategies: Commissioner Cory . In efforts related to wildfire education and prevention, any fuel reduction activities should be balanced with ensuring species/habitat preservation in adjacent open space areas . An important component of stormwater management should be treating runoff on-site . Any flood control activities involving the removal of non-native vegetation should also include the planting of native species Commissioner Coleman . The City may want to select and promote shade trees which are evergreen and low water use as part of a new ordinance . While there are different applications for on-site water reuse, the new climate adaptation strategies should specifically highlight graywater use (ex. from clothes washers) . The City should develop incentives for low water use landscaping and rain harvesting as part of its climate adaptation strategies Lisa Cohen, Chula Vista Chamber of Commerce . When moving forward with any recommendations, the City needs to be sensitive to business needs and concerns . The City should also more actively highlight its climate-related accomplishments to date and recognize the extraordinary efforts of all stakeholders involved in the process Laura Hunter, Environmental Health Coalition . Comments were captured in a submitted letter in coordination with the San Diego Coastkeeper CCWG Final Recommendations on Climate Adaptation Strategies 4 of 4 9-27-10 1-37 '."" %! '; . ., ; U ENVIRONMUnAl r'11 HEALTH COALITION Bl'!d /lIITWIJUli!,fl!t~llj"III>lIHIJ'!;'iI\lIllILi1!Hi!iI September 13, 2010 Climate Change Working Group Resource Conservation Commission City of Chula Vista RE: Comment letter on Adaptation Strategies Numeral Corrected from earlier list I I ! I I I I Dear Members of the Climate Change Working Group and Resource Conservation Commissioners: Environmental Health Coalition (EHC) and San Diego Coastkeeper (SDCK) wish to commend the Climate Change Working Group and staff for their efforts in developing the Draft Recommendations on Climate Adaptation Strategies (Draft Recommendations). Once again, the City of Chula Vista is leading the region in recognizing the threats that climate change poses to the region. In general, EHC and SDCK are very supportive ofthe recommendations-especially those that call for action. However, we believe, in some cases, the Draft Recommendations lack the specificity needed to ensure a sustainable future for the City of Chula Vista. We offer the following comments for your consideration at today's hearing. Ensure that "Cooling Centers" will meet all residents' needs Recommendation #7: This is an excellent recommendation and one that is a high priority for our members. However, to guarantee that the Cooling Centers will be effectively used by those who need them most, the City must ensure that Cooling Centers be within walking distance for low income people so that they are easily accessible. Water supply strategies should extend beyond education Recommendation #4: A focus on water supplies is appropriate. We urge the Working Group to adopt recommendations that go beyond education and promote actions on water conservation. The City should develop rainwater capture/harvesting programs and facilitate implementation of residential graywater systems. The City should first revise any local codes or ordinances that currently impede implementing these conservation techniques. Strengthen Habitat Protection Recommendations #8 and #9. Recommendation #9: This is a high priority recommendation and one that should be strengthened. The City is well advised to incorporate buffer habitat to allow for habitat 'migration' as sea-level rises. This recommendation should be strengthened to independently identify critical buffer areas for current and future shoreline habitat areas and develop management plans for how those areas can be converted to or maintained as buffers. As part of the implementation plan to effectively allow for habitat migration space, the City should develop a plan that includes necessary zoning changes, land purchase, and conservation easements. The City should coordinate with the Port District to ensure the sensitive marsh 1-38 and tidal flat habitats on its shoreline are adequately protected, as sea level rise is sure to threaten these areas. Recommendation #8: The approach here is too passive. The City needs to develop plans and funding mechanisms soon to ensure these resources are protected. The City should commit to developing comprehensive ecosystem and/or species plans to identify which species or spaces are of greatest priority for adaptation planning and then work to identify partners to implement the management and conservation plans. As part of the adaptation plan, creeks, streams, rivers, and other watercourses may need to be widened and restored to accommodate more water and allow it to move more slowly during extreme events. The Draft Recommendations should incorporate progressive stormwater management more effectively Recommendations 1, 2, & 5: The City could better leverage progressive stormwaler management techniques into their Draft Recommendations. For example, Recommendation 2 appropriately calls for incorporating shade trees (preferably native trees) into municipal projects and new parking lot projects. However, the City could maximize their adaptation planning by calling for these trees to be designed for bioinfiltration as well. Tree box infiltration devices would meet the City's goal of creating needed shade but also help attenuate the potential changes in urban runoff (help reduce flooding and runoff volume by increasing infiltration and evapotranspiration). Similarly, in Recommendation 1, the City should consider incorporating permeable paving into its plans for reflective paving. Finally, in Recommendation 5, the City should consider how to extend existing Low Impact Development stormwater management requirements into their adaptation planning, particularly in areas that are adjacent to habitat buffer areas. The Draft Recommendations lack recommendations for municipal infrastructure The recommendations do not appear to include plans for risks and management strategies with respect to critical infrastructure. Electrical infrastructure, stormwater and sewage treatment systems, and roadways may be undermined due to more intense weather events and sea level rise. It is not clear from the recommendations whether or not these will be addressed, and if so, what strategies will be used. We are especially concerned for the most vulnerable communities, those closest to (or in) the flood plain and those with the oldest, most failing infrastructure, for example west and southwest Chula Vista. The City must consider these infrastructure issues in these vulnerable regions in their adaptation planning. Thank you very much for the opportunity to comment on these recommendations. Sincerely, ,,".I; . --; i _ "" f / !(la U.~\ ;_u t"... ,li_. L' i--""", . .j!..'" - , /-- '_.-~', :~ /'/~'I; / \ /"fJ,yf/).:[,;? s.-:lj-;....<;1-,;...:r 'J P1~ 1/ Laura Hunter Associate Director of Programs Environmental Health Coalition La u ra H (aJ e nvi ronme nta Ihea Ith.o rg Jennifer Kovecses Staff Scientist San Diego Coastkeeper len Ik(aJsdcoastkee per .org 1-39 RESOLUTION NO. 2010- RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA ACCEPTING THE 2009 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS INVENTORY REPORT & THE CLlMA TE PROTECTION MEASURES' 2-YEAR PROGRESS REPORT WHEREAS, as part of Chula Vista's climate protection program and its commitment to reduce greenhouse gas ("GHG") emissions 20% below 1990 levels, City staff prepares emissions inventories to track emission levels, to help guide policy decisions; and WHEREAS, because GHG inventories are based on actual empirical data from a variety of internal and external sources, it typically takes 6-8 months after the end of the calendar year to complete inventory preparation; and WHEREAS, stat I has now completed the 2U09 GHG Emissions Inventorv; and WHEREAS, on July 10,2008, the City Council adopted implementation plans for seven additional climate protection measures to reduce Chula Vista's GHG emissions; and WHEREAS, City staff has prepared a two-year progress reporting outlining each measure's implementation status and upcoming milestones; and WHEREAS, City staff has presented the 2009 GHG Emissions Inventory and the Climate Protection lv/easures Implementation Progress Report, September 2010 to the City Council. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of thc City of Chula Vista does hereby accept the 20IJ9 GHG Emissions Inventory and the Climate Protection iV/easures Implementation Progress Report, September 2010, copies of which are on file in the office of the City Clerk. Presented by Approved as to form by Michael Meacham Director of Conservation and Environmental Services , jl j i tJ6.-i2.e.e 1-40 RESOLUTION NO. 2010- RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA ACCEPTING THE CLIMATE CHANGE WORKING GROUP'S RECOMMENDATIONS ON CLIMATE ADAPTATION STRATEGIES AND DIRECTING STAFf TO RETURN TO COUNCIL WITHIN 120 DAYS WITH MORE DETAILED IMPLEMENTATION PLANS FOR FUTURE CONSIDERA nON WHEREAS, in October 2009, the City Council directed staff to reconvene a Climate Change Working Group ("CCWG") comprised of residents, businesses, and community representatives - to review and evaluate various climate adaptation strategies through an open and transparent process; and WHEREAS, the CCWG held II public-noticed meetings over the past 10 months to review potential climate impacts and identify over 180 opportunities to reduce the associated risks; and WHEREAS, the stakeholder group hosted 2 additional public workshops on climate adaptation planning to solicit feedback, attracting over 30 community participants; and WHEREAS, the CCWG was further supported by regional experts, climate scientists, and stafffrom multiple municipal departments; and WHEREAS, staff has presented the City Council with. the CCWG's tinal recommendations in the Recommendations on Climate Adaptation Strategies; and WHEREAS, staff will develop more detailed implementation plans for the recommendations to outline implementation steps. timelines, and costs to present to the City Council for consideration within the next 120 days. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Chula Vista does hereby accept the Climate Change Working Group's Recommendations on Climate Adaptation Strategies, a copy of which is on file in the office of the City Clerk, and direct staff to return to Council within 120 days with more detailed implementation plans for consideration. Presented by Approved as to form by Michael Meacham Director of Conservation and Environmental Services 1-41