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HomeMy WebLinkAbout1991/04/25 Item 2 1 MfMQRAtf!HIM DATE: TO: April 17, 1991 VIA: FROM: The Honorable Mayor and City Council John D. Goss, City Manager~ " Chairman Ca s and Members of the Blue Ribbon Housing Element Committee /A~ Robert L it r, Director of Planning <Z~--- ~ Chris Salone, Community Development DlrectorC-- . SUBJECT: Draft Housing Element Update of 1991 The nine-member Blue Ribbon Housing Element Committee, appointed by the Mayor and Council on September 18, 1990, has completed its initial charge to provide overs i ght and input to City staff in formul at i ng the requi red update of the City's Housing Element. We are pleased to submit herewith copies of the Draft document unanimously endorsed by the membership for your review and subsequent discussion. Through a series of 12 meetings held since October 1990, the Committee, consisting of nine individuals representing all facets of housing provision, was able to work and reach final consensus on the wide variety of housing issues and suggested responses contained in the Draft. Of particular importance was formulation of the 1991-96 Comprehensive Housing Pl an contained in Part 3. Deve 1 opment of the mult i -faceted and i nnovat i ve approaches to addressing existing and projected local housing needs, including the City' s allocated share of the Regi on's hous i ng needs, was the topi c of seven meet i ngs. Staff was abl e to formul ate a 1 i st of pert i nent Committee suggestions and input from each meeting discussion, and after receiving Committee consensus on the 1 i st' s contents, formul ate the goal s, objectives, pol icies, and programs contained in Part 3. While a wide range of subject matter was covered and numerous issues were debated, the following represent key points which the Committee feels are worthy of highl i9ht. Provided in parenthes is after each item is a reference to the Part 3 object i ve whi ch addresses proposed responses. Achievement of an adequately "bal anced community" through assuring provision of sufficient lower-income housing opportunities in the Eastern Territories. This includes a program and set of guidelines to establish siting, duration, and phasing requirements, and an acceptable range of incentives and methods for compliance (Obj. #1). Improving the existing Affordable Housing Program to increase its effectiveness in assisting the City in providing for its share of the Region's housing need, and to add flexibility for developers in achieving compliance (Obj. #1). Preservation of "at risk" affordable housing units in western Chula Vista (Obj. #5). ~-I The Honorable Mayor and City Council Page 2 April 17, 1991 Establishment of a local non-profit Community Development Corporation (CDC) to assist in the financing, development, and/or management of affordable housing units (Obj. #2). Special considerations to offset identified constraints to affordable housing provision (Obj. #9). Focusing local housing efforts towards famil ies and lower income wage earners (Part 2 and Obj. 2). Strengthening Public Housing efforts as a means to produce very low-income affordable units (Obj. #2). Undertaking a new, broader study on the mobilehome park closure/ preservation/relocation/replacement issue (Obj. #4). Establishment of an Affordable Housing Growth Management Threshold Standard (Obj. #7). Establishment of permanent and temporary homeless shelters and transitional housing programs (Obj. #6). Consideration of economic development and jobs/housing balance (Obj. 11). Studying provisions for Single Room Occupancy (SRO) unit construction (Obj. #2, 11). Establishing first-time homebuyer assistance programs (Obj. #3). Community rei nvestment, fa i r hous i ng, and the i nvol vement of 1 enders in local housing efforts (Obj. #8). Increased coordination, monitoring, and evaluation of affordable housing activities (Obj. #7). 8roadening of community awareness and interest in affordable housing issues and related City activities (Obj. #7). In closing, the membership would 1 ike to commend the Mayor and City Council for their foresight in creating such a Committee, and express its thanks for the opportunity to actively participate in development of what we bel ieve is an innovative and responsive Housing Element. We look forward to reviewing our efforts with you at the April 25 workshop. WPC 9139P ~...2. II I CITY OF CHULA VISTA HOUSING ELEMENT OF 1991 OR~ -~.. () 1\~' ;, t, ".\0, .: , -, CHULA VISTA GENERAL PLAN MARCH 1991 o RAFT CITY OF CHULA VISTA GENERAL PLAN HOUSING ELEMENT OF 1991 City Council Members/Administration Leonard Moore Mayor Pro Tempore David L. Malcolm Councilman Jerry Rindone Councilman Tim Nader Councilman City ManaQer John D. Goss City Attorney Bruce Boogaard City Clerk Beverly Authelet City PlanninQ Commission Shirley Grasser-Horton, Chairwoman Susan Fuller, Vice Chair Joanne E. Carson, Commissioner Robert E. Tugenberg, Commissioner Joe D. Casillas, Commissioner Laverne E. Decker, Commissioner Tom Martin, Commissioner Approved by the Planning Commission on Adopted by the City Council on , 1991, under Resolution No. , 1991, under Resolution GPA-90- This Element amends the Chula Vista Housing Element of 1986. 2-3 Housinq Element Staff Administration Robert A. Leiter, Director of Planning Chris Salomone, Community Development Director Professional Assistance David Gustafson, Assistant Community Development Director Edgar Batchelder, Assistant Planner David Harris, Community Development Specialist Margery Girbes, Housing Coordinator Alisa Duffey Rogers, Community Development Specialist Consultant Services Pamela Johannsen ~-~ PREFACE The principal of American freedom is rooted in the proposition that government exists for the purpose of enhancing and protecting the natural and fundamental ri ghts of human be i ngs. One such fundamental ri ght is the acces s to su i tab 1 e housing opportunities in decent neighborhoods. The good society has the obl igation to create the conditions under which these rights are protected, and individuals can grow and work for a fuller life. In this respect, a free society is not just a nation of laws, it is an idea with a noble purpose. It seeks to create an environment for humanity's most enduring aspirations including prosperity, sacrifice, idealism and beauty. ;;-5 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION - MAYOR'S BLUE RIBBON HOUSING ELEMENT COMMITTEE As an important and integral component of developing a successful Housing Element, and as required by State law, the City has always sought publ ic comment and input toward formul at i on of Housi ng El ement updates. The Update of 1991 is no exception, and actually represents a different and broader based approach to that participation. Given the significant changes in the housing environment. and growth of the affordability gap since the Element of 1986, new efforts and solutions emp 1 oyi ng increased coordi nat i on and cooperation amongst those i nvol ved in housing provision are needed to ensure adequate affordable housing opportunities. In response, the City felt it important to bring those segments of the community ultimately involved in housing provision (development, fi nance, soci a 1 servi ce, and government) together to ass i st in development of the 1991 Update. In this way, the setting for continued coordi nat i on is establ i shed, and the uni que perspect i ves of these "partners" could be utilized in focusing housing assistance priorities, and in developing the proposed solutions and strategies embodied in Part 3. To facil itate this participation, the Mayor appointed a broad-base "Blue Ribbon Housing Element Committee" consisting of nine (9) regular members and three (3) alternates. The nine regular members consisted of the publ ic (I), City Planning Commission (I), development community (3), realty community/Chamber of Commerce (I), publ i c hous i ng authori ty (I), non-profi t housing and finance (I), and the local social service community (l). Assistance was provided by staff from the City Planning and Community Development Departments. The Committee met in a series of eleven (II) workshops which reviewed the main points of each section in the Draft Element Update. They provided eva 1 uat i on and input regardi ng past performance and needs assessments, and then made recommendations which were used to formulate the 1991-96 Comprehensive Housing Plan. Their input was invaluable in developing the Plan's structure of eleven (II) objectives, each with a set of implementing policies and program proposals. WPC 9116P ;2-h INTRODUCTION Overview As we move into the I990's housing continues to be an area of great importance, and challenge, for the City of Chula Vista. The Housing Element, as a State required component of the City's General Plan, provides citizens and public officials with an understanding of the housing needs of their community and the responses necessary to fulfill them. The Chula Vista Housing Element of 1991 embodies a comprehensive analysis and update of basic housing data and growth projections, as well as, a refinement of the pol icies and programs of the previously adopted Housing Element of 1986. The revisions incorporate the most current data and information that are readily available regarding population, socio-economic characteristics, housing and land use inventories, financial availabil ity, and new program approaches utilizing both continuing and new government subsidies and public/private financing. The purpose of the Housing Element Update of 1991 is the improvement of the City's hous i ng efforts, and the i ncreas i ng of its responsiveness to changing local and regional housing needs. The Element's comprehensive analyses form the basis from which Chula Vista has developed goals, object i ves, and act i on plans to add res s hous i ng needs. By striving to accomplish these objectives to provide suitable, fair, and affordable housing opportunities for all segments of the population, the City will strengthen the economic and social vitality of the entire community. OrQanization of the Element Update In order to provide a logical and thorough analysis in formulating an appropriate plan of actions which respond to housing conditions and needs anticipated during the 1991-96 planning period, the Chula Vista Housing Element Update of 1991 is divided into three parts: Part 1: Review of the HousinQ Element of 1986 - Outlines and quantifies housing production since 1985, and describes how the City has responded to both the anticipated and urgent needs of its growing population. Various affordable housing accomplishments are compared against the stated goals of the 1986 Housing Element, and a summary of performance successes and shortfalls is presented in establ i shi ng i ndi cators for development of the 1991-96 comprehensive plan embodied in Part 3. Part 2: Needs. Resources. and Constraints - Based on various socio-economic conditions, projects what housing needs are anticipated during the 1991-96 planning period, and evaluates the capacity of the existing housing supply, and Chula Vista's land inventory to provide all income groups with decent housing opportunities. Part 3: Comprehensive Housinq Plan - 1991 to 1996 - In concert with revised housing needs data, growth projections, and performance indicators established in Parts I and 2, defines goals, objectives, policies, and programs designed to increase Chula Vista's effectiveness in providing for housing needs during the coming planning period. ~-~ HOUSING ELEMENT OF 1991 GENERAL PLAN OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA Paqe PART 1: REVIEW OF THE HOUSING ELEMENT OF 1986 I. Introduction/Overview I - I II. Affordable Housing Production for 1985-1990 A. Summary of Review Findings B. Program Descriptions C. Affordable Housing in Progress 1-3 1-4 1-6 1-26 III. Conclusions A. Areas for Special Consideration B. Suggested Steps for 1991-96 Planning Period 1-27 1-28 PART 2: NEEDS, RESOURCES, AND CONSTRAINTS J. Introduction I I-I II. Needs Analysis A. Existing Unmet Needs B. Special Need Populations C. At-Risk Housing D. Projected Needs II -1 II -14 II -18 II - 20 Ill. Resources A. Introduction/Overview B. Chula Vista General Plan Update C. Land Use/Resource Inventory 11-27 II -27 11-28 IV. Constraints A. Overview B. Governmental C. Non-Governmental 11-31 11-31 11-37 PART 3: COMPREHENSIVE HOUSING PLAN - 1991 TO 1996 I. Introduction I I I-I III -3 I 11-4 II. Statements of Purpose I II. Object i ves, Pol i c i es, and Programs j-I Table No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 MaD No. 1 LIST OF TABLES AND MAPS Housing Unit Change by Type - 1980 to 1990 Overview of CDBG Expenditures 1985 to 1990 Vacancy Rates by Unit Type Rental Subsidy Needs for Lower-Income Households 1988-91 Housing Assistance Plan Rent Schedules West Side City - Rehabilitation Needs Rehabilitation Needs - 1988-91 H.A.P. Special Housing Populations - Needs Indicators Historic Population Growth - Chula Vista and San Diego Region Total Housing Growth - Chula Vista and San Diego Region % Relationship Population & Housing Growth - Chula Vista and San Diego Region Housing Supply 1985-1990 Projected Population Growth - Chula Vista and San Diego Region Projected Housing Growth - Chula Vista and San Diego Region Projected Employment Chula Vista GPA Regional Share Allocation Fair Share Allocation Population and Housing Projections - General Plan Update Land Use Capacity Increase - General Plan Update Residential Construction Capacity - Vacant & Underutilized Land Residential Construction Capacity - Master Planned Projects (City) Residential Construction Capacity - Master Planned Projects (Planning Area) County-wide Development Fee Comparison Average Residential Processing Fee "Marketplace" - Mortgage and Borrowing Rates Manufacturing Employment Affordable Housing Location Map .J -, Paae No. 1-2 1-23 II-2 II-3 II-5 II-11 II-12 II-17 II -21 II-21 II-21 II - 22 II -23 II - 24 II - 24 II - 26 II - 26 II - 27 II-28 II -29 II -30 IHO II -35 II -36 II -38 II-41 1-30 TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I: REVIEW OF THE HOUSING ELEMENT OF 1986 Paqe 1. Introduction/Overview I -I A. Pol icy & Goal Implementation B. Summary of Housin9 Built Prior to 1985 I -I 1-2 II. Production for 1985-1990 1-3 A. Summary of Review Findings B. Program Descriptions B.l Guaranteed Housing I. Public Housing 2. Section 8 3. Military Housing 1-4 1-6 1-6 1-6 1-7 ]-7 1-8 1-8 1-8 ]-9 ] -ll I -ll 1-12 1-13 1-13 1-13 1-14 1-14 1-15 1-15 1-15 1-15 1-16 1-16 1-17 1-18 1-21 1-21 B.2 Potential Housing I. Senior Density Bonus 2. Affordable Housing Policy a. For Sale Opportunities b. Rental Opportunities 3. Tax-exempt Bond Financing 4. Family Density Bonus B.3 Redevelopment Housing Fund Programs I. Home Ownership a. Brandywi ne b. Orange Tree 2. Landbanking 3. Rental Housing New Construction a. Mobilehome b. Multi-Family 4. Rehab Programs a. Single Family b. Mobilehome c. Rental Rehab 5. Mobilehome Programs 6. Relocation and Demolition 7. Weatherization Program B.4 CDBG Funded Programs I. Overview of Expenditures 2. Shared Housing 3. Homeless Sheltering and Referrals a. South Bay Voucher Program b. Inter-Faith Program c. Hotels & Motels in Partnership d. Victory Outreach e. St. Vincent de Paul 1-22 1-22 1-24 1-24 1-25 1-25 1-25 1-26 1-26 C. Affordable Housing in Progress III. Conclusions 1-27 A. Areas for Special Consideration B. Suggested Steps for the 1991-96 Planning Period 1-27 1-28 ~-I() PART 1 - REVIEW OF THE HOUSING ELEMENT OF 1986 1. INTRODUCTION In relation to other Elements of Chula Vista's General Plan, the Housing Element is somewhat unique in that while it envisions long range community goals characteristic of general plans, its comprehensive directives for meeting the housing needs of all economic segments of Chula Vista's population must also be responsive to varying socio-economic conditions continually influenced by factors both internal and external to the San Diego region. In recognition of this, the Housing Element Law, Article 10.6 Section 65580 (et seq) of the Ca 1 iforni a Government Code, requ i res that each city rev i ew and update previous housing pol icies and programs regarding their effectiveness in achieving stated goals and objectives. This law requires such a review at least every 5 years in order to make necessary changes in policies and programs respons i ve to changi ng 1 oca 1 hous i ng needs and cond i t ions. The last local review was conducted in 1986. The following section of the Housing Element Update of 1991 reviews achievements during the 1986-1991 planning period, and also recaps the accomplishments of pre-1985 housing activity. A. POLICY AND GOAL IMPLEMENTATION Under the direction of the City Council, Chula Vista has, in accordance with Part 2 of the Housing Element of 1986, substantially undertaken the task of providing adequate and affordable housing opportunities for all segments of its population. During the 1986-1991 planning period, as illustrated in the following pages, the City successfully endeavored to attain its goals to meet identified needs through provision of new construction in well-planned decent neighborhoods, as well as through systematic renewal, rehabilitation, conservation, and improvement of housing within the Planning Area. These efforts included substantial involvement of the private sector. As indicated in Table I, Chula Vista has consistently provided a variety of new housing opportunities, both single and multiple family, in seeking to achieve a truly "balanced community". Since 1985, the City has built an average of 1400+ housing units per year, with at least 50% of these in varying densities of multi-family construction. In this effort to broaden resident's choice of housing types and neighborhoods, the City has approved several large master-planned residential communities each offering a wide range of residential densities, commercial services/employment, industrial employment, and recreational opportunities in a coordinated 1 iving env ironment. Examples woul d i nc 1 ude the EastLake, Rancho Del Rey, and Sunbow developments. In order to ensure economic integration, the City's Affordable Housing Policy requires these and other developments over 50 units to provide a minimum of 10% of the units to low and moderate-income households. 1-1 ~-/J In addition to these implementation efforts, the City adopted growth management "Thresholds Standards" in 1987 to address protection of residents "qual ity of 1 ife" through establ ishment of performance criteria for provision of 11 vital public facilities and services such as pol ice, fi re, schools, and parks and recreat i on. The City is currently in the final stages of adopting the Growth Management Program document which serves as an implementing tool in relating facil ities master plans and Threshold criteria to specific project approval and phasing. TABLE 1 HOUSING UNIT CHANGE BY TYPE ACCORDING TO STATE DEFINED CATEGORIES 1980 TO 1990 Single Family Multiple Fami ly Year SFD SFA 2-4 5+ Totals 1980 35 6 180 221 1981 99 15 382 496 1982 42 36 14 37 129 1983 16 74 188 278 1984 291 142 18 70 521 1985 490 207 10 845 1552 1986 518 29 17 556 1120 1987 1077 195 200 1018 2490 1988 382 43 24 380 829 1989 599 147 575 1321 1990 590 17 133 812 1552 TOTALS 4139 669 658 5043 10,509 B. SUMMARY OF AFFORDABLE HOUSING BUILT PRIOR TO 1985 In order to provide reference to the "at-risk" housing analysis presented in Part 2, the following pre-1985 new construction activity overview is also provided: Affordable HousinQ - New Construction Unit Total to Date: Units Prior to 1985: Elderly: HUD Section 202 HUD Section 236 (Non-Profit Owner) City Density Bonus 1,950 728 100 186 32 Family: HUD Section 236 386 (4 projects) HUD Public Housing 24 (Melrose) 1-2 :;.-1'- II. AFFORDABLE HOUSING PRODUCTION FOR 1985-1990 Chula Vista has demonstrated that affordable housing can be developed through local directives and private sector incentives. The City produced 1222 un its of affordable hous i ng duri ng the 1985-1990 p 1 anni ng period exclusive of Section 8, rental housing assistance, and mobilehome convers ions to low and moderate- income househol ds. Ni nety-three percent of this new construction affordable housing production was developed by the private sector, with limited cash involvement by the City through the Redevelopment Housing Fund and tax-exempt bond revenue. More affordable housing was actually produced by the City's density bonus program in new construction (32%) then through any other program during this period. This program requires no actual cash commitment from any public funds. Units Durinq 1985-1990: HUD Elderly Public Housing Elderly Density Bonus Affordable Housing Policy Family Density Bonus Multi-Family Bond Sale Redevelopment Housing Fund Navy Housing 1,222 59 374 255 16 121 197 200 In addition to the new construction units made affordable to low and moderate-income households during the past planning period, the City also provided: a) rental housing assistance through HUD Section 8; b) mobilehome conversions to low-income rentals and ownership; and c) rehabilitation loans for owners and rental housing. 1. Section 8 Rental Housinq Assistance Elderlv Fami 1 v Total Pre-1980 1980-85 1985-90 144 101 184 (33%) 220 117 366 (66%) 364 218 550 Source: SANDAG 10/90. wi 11 be Revised Program tabulated Housing Needs Performance activity implemented since in the next Element review. Report 1/1/90 2. Mobilehome Conversions In 1987, Chula Vista assisted a total of 55 households within the existing Orange Tree Mobilehome Trailer Park. 24 mobilehome spaces were purchased by the City and are being rented to 1 ow- income seni ors, and 31 1 ow- income sen i or households were assisted with low interest loans for the purchase of their spaces. 3. Rehabilitation Lendinq Activitv A total of 250 loans to single family and mobilehome owners were made. In addition to this, ten rental units were rehabilitated using the HUD Rental Rehab Program. 1-3 ...... ~.II:I .2.-/3 The City has conducted an aggressive marketing program to rehabil itate many homes in the newly annexed area of Montgomery. The City has also maintained a commitment to mobile home park rehabilitation, conversions, and relocation assistance, as well as continuing to expand its involvement in housing related social services, such as homeless shelter referral s, in order to create a well-bal anced and comprehens i ve hous i ng program. A. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS IN AFFORDABLE HOUSING PRODUCTION The following is a summary of Housing Program productivity over the 1985-1990 planning period in accordance with quantified objectives: 1. Previous objectives stated the City needed to provide assistance to 740 lower-income households during 1985-1990. During this time period, Chula Vista has provided 1,511 units of new construction, Section 8 rental assistance, and mobilehome conversions to low-income households. 2. Density Bonus production for senior housing in this planning period produced 374 units. The previously set objective of 60 units was greatly exceeded. Although no objectives were set for family housing in the last Element, 16 low-income family units were built. 3. Homeownership opportunities were extended to 53 low-income and 245 moderate-income first-time buyers, and 48 low-income elderly buyers. No specific objectives were previously stated for moderate-income famil ies, and the low-income elderly goal was exceeded by 8 units. 4. A HUD Section 202 senior housing project has remained unfunded pending new appropriations from Congress. The funding approval for this project was delayed in 1989 when the proposed structure was reduced from a 5-story building to a 4-story building. The non-profit sponsor, the Salvation Army, is still pursuing this 75 unit project, for which the City has approved a conditional use permit. 5. Low-Rent Public Housing production exceeded the stated elderly! handicapped objective by 23 units, but did not achieve the family housing objective of 114. There are currently 22 units of 1 arge famil y hous i ng in the construct i on phase of development (Dorothy Street Site), and another 295 units remaining to be built pending site selection. These units represent the remaining balance of authority to "construct, acquire or develop" 400 low-income housing units approved by the City voters in 1978. 6. The HUD Section 8 deep rental assistance subsidy objectives to assist 455 low-income households were exceeded in three out of the last five years as reported by SANDAG. A total of 550 low-income households were assisted during the planning period with 33% of these units assisting elderly households, and 66% assisting family households. 1-4 2. -1"1 7. The housing rehabil itation loan programs taken (Single-family and mobile home) exceeded the stated of 200 assi sted households by 25% for a total of loans. together objective 250 rehab 8. The Shared Housing referral program also exceeded the number of successful annual matches performed. The annual object i ve was 60, but over the last five years the actual annual average reached 80 matches per year. 9. The last quantified objective previously identified in the Housing Element was the renter rehab loan program. This program has averaged 2 units a year rather than the 15 per year previously stated. The Community Development Department has since hired new staff to aggressively market this program beginning January 1991. 10. Consideration should be given to the following areas in which substantial activity did not occur during the last five years: 1. Demonstration projects which reduce building costs, and provide a substantial number of affordable units. 2. Modular or factory built housing. 3. Other experimental infill projects utilizing tailored standards. 4. Structured annual reviews of Element implementation. 5. Specific fast track procedures and check 1 ists for the processing of low-income housing projects. 6. Enforcement of the existing "Affirmative Fair Marketing Plan" more than 50 units. requirement for an for projects involving 7. Inter-departmental affordable housing submittal s. pre-planning provision conferences on residential regard i ng project 1-5 2-/5 B. PROGRAM DESCRIPTIONS The following ;s a more detailed discussion of each program's product i v i ty duri ng the 1 ast fi ve years. All qua ran teed hous i ng provided either through new construction units or rental assistance will be described first, followed by a discussion of all Dotential housing production through the City's various regulatory ordinances, pol icies, and the new Mil itary Housing Project. Following this, the rehabilitation, mobile home, and relocation programs will be discussed, and finally those social services related to housing funded by Commun; ty Development Block Grants (CDBG) wi 11 be described. The San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) distinguishes between "guaranteed" and "potential" affordable housing units. Guaranteed unit rents are regulated according to an individual tenant's household income. Potential units are given benchmark rents for the entire project which cannot exceed 1/12 of 30% of either 80% (low) or 120% (moderate) of the area median income. The area median changes yearly. These HUD generated figures are supp 1 i ed to the City through the Hous i ng Authority of San Di ego or SANDAG every year. (Median incomes rose significantly in 1990 which will affect the next planning period benchmark rents.) A list of all projects classified by program along with a project location map (#'s) have been included in this section as reference points to the narrative description. (Assisted housing map locator #'s are inserted throughout the text.) This exhibit is located on page _ of th i s report . All affordable hous i ng projects since 1971 are included in this exhibit because 386 units built prior to 1985 may be at-risk during the next five years. At-risk units are those units owned by private investors who may elect to convert the affordable units to market rate rentals within the next planning period. B.1 Guaranteed Housinq 1. Public Housinq All guaranteed housing units were HUD assisted. Chula Vista produced 59 guaranteed housing units. These units of new construction were funded through HUD Public Housing under a development contract the City has with the San Diego County Housing Authority. The Housing Authority a 1 so manages the Sect i on 8 cert i fi cate and voucher programs for the City. 1-6 2. ., 'I, On 4/11/78, and pursuant to State Constitution Article 34, Chula Vista voters passed a 400 unit referendum for 1 ow- income hous i ng product i on. Subsequently, in 1978 and 1987 the City of Chul a Vi sta entered contract agreements with the County Hous i ng Authority to develop and manage 123 units within the City limits. Under this authorization, one public housing project was developed within the planning period in 1985; "Town Center" (#27) a 59 unit senior project. Tenants are currently contributing between $150-200 a month for rent, making these affordable to those earning 50% or less of area median income. This project is extremely popular and currently has a 2 year waiting list. 2. Section 8 Certificates and Vouchers During the planning period, Existing Section 8 certificates and vouchers assisted over 550 households. HUD officials maintain that Chula Vista has been consistently over-leased in each of the five (5) planning years. Meaning that for every tenant whose eligibility expires, another equally qualified tenant replaces them immediately. Current waiting lists for large family units exceed 2 years. 3. Military Housinq The Navy and a turn-key developer built a 200 unit family housing project called Lofgren Terrace (#13). This project is subsidized and managed by the Navy. Senior enlisted families of class E4-E6 range, with a minimum of two years service, are eligible for units. In this project, the mil itary does not distribute the "Basic Allowance for Quarters" (BAQ) and "Variable Housing Allowance" (VHA). These two bonuses are considered add-ons to family household income, but according to SANDAG's Housing Needs Performance Report, do not disturb the "guaranteed" status of these family units because technically each household is paying 0% of their military income on housing. Currently, there is a 2-3 year waiting list for this and other military family housing, indicating that the value of the Lofgren unit is greater than the $500-$600 combi ned value of the BAQ and VHA in the market place. 1-7 2,.../-r B.2 Potential Housinq Chula Vista has produced 963 newly constructed potential housing units in the last five (5) years. This represents about 93% of the new construction affordable housing developed during this period. The following table categorizes each project by the deeoest level of subsidy it received as some projects did receive more than one i ncent i ve. Projects produced under the "Affordabl e Housing Program" usually received no cash or density bonus incentives. Projects receiving both a density bonus and bond financing are discussed under the bond program. The below 1 i sted categori es follow the State HCD gui de 1 i nes in order to avoid over or double counting of units. The units by category of housing are: Senior Density Bonus 374 un its Affordable Housing Policy 255 un its Family Density Bonus 16 units Multi-Family Bond Sale 121 units Redevelopment Housing Fund 197 units Total: 963 units l. Sen i or Dens it v Bonus In the Chula Vista Senior Density Bonus program 374 units in seven (7) complexes were produced (#' s 3, 4, 6, 14, 17, 23, 24). This represents 30% of the total new construction affordable housing produced during the planning period. Each project is under a separately negotiated Cooperation Agreement, which compels the owners to restrict the rents for 10-25 years under a Conditional Use Permit (CUP) in exchange for significant density bonuses and reduced parking space requirements. The average rent in these un i ts are $345 for a stud i 0, $468 for a one bedroom, and $630 for a two-bedroom. In some complexes, 40-50% of the tenant rents are also subsidized by Section 8 programs. These subsidies, however, are not mandated as part of the dens i ty bonus cooperat i on agreement and may be termi nated by the landlord. Each unit rent must fall within the guidel ines of HUD Section 8 Fair Market Rents (FMR) by unit type and household size. The senior density bonus program has out-performed all other programs in the City. 2. Affordable Housinq Policy The Affordable Housing Policy requires developers of projects with more than 50 units to explore Federal and State subsidy programs and other economically feasible means of reducing the price of housing, in providing at least 5% of the units to low-income households, and 5% of 1-8 ~"'19 the units to moderate-income households. In reviewing the two development projects "EastLake" and "Beacon Cove" which produced units under this program, two main areas of concern arose: 1) the duration of restrictions are too short, i.e., in the case of "for sale" EastLake propert i es, no restri ct ions on the next sale were required, so that these units would not necessarily be affordable after the first-qualified buyer takes title; duration of the rental restrictions is only ten years (refer to Beacon Cove di scuss i on page II) ; 2) the affordability range of sales prices and rents appear to be at the high end of the low and moderate-income thresholds as illustrated below. a. For-Sale Opportunit i es Under the Affordable Hous i nq Policv The EastLake development, comprised of several subdivisions totaling 2,384 single-family and condominium units, produced 101 units for low-income buyers, and 139 units for moderate-income buyers. The following discussion analyzes the affordability of the three EastLake tracts which qual ified between 1986-1g89: The three tracts of homes which sold over three years during planning period were: Camelot (#5), Villa Martinique (#28) and The Cottages (#9). In the Camelot project, average sales prices were between $82,344-$105,127 for low-income buyers ($22,880-$29,360) annual incomes), and $85,750- $117,041 for moderate-income buyers ($23,166-$44,040 annual income). These units were sold in phases over a three-year peri od between 1987 -1989. The Cottages sold during 1987 for $107,072 and were affordable to moderate-income households. Finally, Villa Martinique was the most affordable project with sales prices ranging from $67,778-$74,061 for low-income households, and $74,527-$74,870 for moderate-income households during 1986-1988. Un 1 i ke rental hous i ng, many factors must be combi ned before a determination can be made about true affordability. In the analYSis of for-sale affordability key factors are the terms and conditions of financing (i.e., lending terms and underwriting ratios). 1-9 :I. -/'/ Accord i ng to performance data provi ded by the developer, about 36% of the low-income households appear to have qualified for FHA loans which only require 3%-5% down payment. Approximately 40% of the 1 ow- income buyers had 1 arge (greater than 25%) down payments. While no clear proof was provided by the deve 1 oper, it coul d be that many of the buyers with large down payments and low annual incomes were "empty-nester" seni or 1 ow- income homebuyers. In thi s way, the City met the stated goal to provide affordable housing to senior home buyers on fixed incomes. In the total development, 61% of the moderate-income purchasers appeared to use some type of FHA financing or a conventional 95% adjustable rate mortgage (ARM) as evidenced by the very low (< 5%) recorded down payments. Using Villa Martinique as an example, estimated principal and interest payments for the low-income buyers exceeded the prescri bed affordable 1 i mi ts by about 23%, while the average moderate-income principal and interest payments only exceeded the affordable limits by 10% at most. It should be noted, however, that th i sana 1 ys is does not take into account the tax advantages in homeownersh i p or the long-term advantages of equity-building American home owners have long enjoyed in markets such as Southern California with steadily rising appreciation rates. Additionally, it seems that as long as people continue to have confidence in the potential economic gains of homeownership, they are will ing to pay more than 30% of their gross median income for the ability to own a home. For planning purposes, it may be time to develop another method of analysis to gauge homeownership affordability which incorporates tax-incentives and appreciation factors. 1-10 2-20 b. Rental Housinq Under the Affordable Housinq Policv The second affordable housing policy project is Beacon Cove (#1) in which 35 rental units were set-aside out of 177 units for a period of 10 years. Built in 1986, the current restricted rents are $585 with market rental rates of $630-650 for a one-bedroom: and $705 restricted rent with $750-785 market rate for a two bedroom. The current rents shou 1 d be rest ri cted to 30%, 1/12 of 80% of the area median ($37,900). This would mean, that to be truly affordable, a one-person household should pay no more than $530/month: a two-person household should pay no more than $606/month: and a four-person household (maximum allowable for a two-bedroom) should pay no more than $758/month. Using this criteria, some of the tenants may be overpaying per their individual househo 1 d income 1 eve 1 though the project is operating within contract conditions. Restrictions will continue to be monitored until 1996 at which time the owner may convert this complex to market rate rents. 3. Tax-Exempt Bond Financinq Tax-exempt bond revenues helped finance 608 units of which 20% were set-aside for restricted rents for a minimum of 10 years. Bond revenues were used to provide below market - rate construct i on and permanent fi nanc i ng in exchange for the fo 11 owi ng 121 rest ri cted rental un its. The two projects include: Low Income Total Units Eucalyptus 75 units 376 Terra Nova 46 units 232 Built in 1986, current rents at the Eucalyptus project are: Bedrooms Size: Sinqle ill ill Monthly Rent: $420 $475 $535 The owner is also restricted from any condo-conversions for 10 years. Vacancy rates fluctuated in the last 4 years but have stabilized at 5% in the total project. There are no vacancies in the affordable unit category. 1-11 01. - ~I The second project is Terra Nova. Built in 19B5, this 232 unit project has 46 restricted rental units. The current rental schedule is: Bedroom Size: ill $580 $630-635 ill $685 $745-755 Restricted Rent: Market Rent: In review, the restricted rents under the the current bond programs appear to be more affordable than those provided under the "Affordable Housing Program". However, the ten year restriction of rents seems too low given the level of subsidy each developer received (below market interest on permanent financing for the life of the loan). 4. Family Density Bonus Under thi s program, Cooperat i on Agreements are negotiated with each developer to set aside up to 25% of the project's pre-dens i ty bonus units for restri cted rents in accordance with establ ished contract guidel ines for 10-25 years. An annua 1 rev i ew of current rent rolls is required. A total of three (3) projects involving 16 affordab 1 e un its were produced under the fami 1 y dens i ty bonus program. (#'s 11,29,21). Restricted Units Total Units Fourth Avenue: Woodlawn: Zuniga: Totals: 9 6 -.l 16 53 37 ~ 98 The following rent schedules illustrate both the current restricted rents and the market rates for density bonus family projects: Restricted Rents/Market Rents Bedroom Size: Studio ill ill Fourth Avenue: $420/ $475/5B5 $535/705 Woodlawn /595 /695 Zuniga/Oxford on /575* Section 8 Contract 157*/ * The Zuniga project built in 1987 has only one restricted rental out of the eight (8) in the project. Current contract rent is $575 for a one bedroom, one bath. However, this tenant is assisted by Section 8 and contributes $157 per month toward the rental payment. 1-12 d-d-~ The 1 eve I of a ffordabi I ity, whi I e with in the acceptable cont ract range, does not effect i ve I y meet the needs of those families earning between 50-80% of area median income. It is thi s groups' needs that the future comprehensive housing programs will address during the next planning period. B.3 Redevelopment Housinq Fund Proqrams The Redevelopment Agency was incorporated in 1972. Since then, two Redevelopment Di stri cts have generated tax increment funds whi ch have been used to increase and improve the supply of low and moderate-income housing. According to the Chula Vista finance records, the followin9 funds were available in the Housing Fund from 1987-1989. New Funds: '87 $742,890 842,471 '88 '89 Total: $660,242 987,639 $ 595,693 1,110,290 During the planning period, several very different projects have been funded. Following is a detailed description of the programs expanding home ownership opportunities for single family and mobile home owners, landbanking, and finally an equ ity share deferred loan rental complex. Wh i I e 50% of the Fund is currently used by the Community Housing Improvement Program (CHIP), the detailed discussion of that program follows under the separate heading of Rehab Proqrams. 1. Homeownership a. Brandywine In addition to the home ownership opportunities offered through the affordable housing policy, between 1988-1989, a unique home-ownership program for qual i fi ed fi rst- time home buyers was made available to 126 moderate-income households in a 168 unit condo complex called Brandywine (#2). $1.6 Million of the Affordable Housing Fund supported this project in the form of a 50/50 loan and grant to Housing Opportunities, Inc. (HOI). HOI is a non-profit, housing corporation that managed the project. The Housing Fund made a 50/50 combination loan and grant to the non-profit who would market the program to first-time buyers. The program offered to reduce 1-13 01-;J.3 the principal amount to be financed in each unit by originating a "silent second" purchase money loan which would have been secured by a second Trust Deed payable in 20 years. However, as previously mentioned, the interest rates became so attractive that 75% of the first-time buyers were able to qualify for permanent financing using FHA and/or CHFA loans through Home Federal Bank at very favorable interest rates and terms (8.8%, 30-year fixed rate). The loan to the Agency was pa i din full and that portion of the profits in excess of 10% of the project sales were also returned to the Agency in 1990. The grant portion ($800,000) was used to write-down the costs of needed project infrastructure. b. Oranqe Tree Mobile Home loans The Commun ity Development Department loaned $500,000 to the Orange Tree (#19) Homeowners Association to help existing residents purchase spaces within this mobilehome park. Additionally, in the FY 88/89, the Agency made direct loans in the total amount of $250,000 from the Fund to another 26 eligible 1 ow- income res i dents to help purchase thei r spaces. In order to be eligible, borrowers had to be over 62 years of age and low-income (under 80% of area median income). These loans are secured by Deeds of Trust and are due in 2017 or when the property is sold. The Agency will al so participate in an equity share of the appreciation of the mobile home property at the time of sale. The Commun ity Development Department also secured a $600,000 loan from the State Housing and Community Deve 1 opment Department to help acqu i re the site for the Homeowner's Association. In addition, $100,000 from the City Housing Fund helped make the necessary park improvements required by the final subdivision map approval. 2. landbankinq lower Sweetwater Site In 1986, the Redevelopment Agency purchased a 14.5 acre site known as lower Sweetwater for $160,000. At the time this site was not committed to a specific use, however, in 1-14 ~-~LJ 1989, St. Vincent de Paul initiated a proposal to build a mobile home relocation park on the site. Since then, the site has been under consideration for this use and is currently awaiting a final EIR determination. 3. Rental Housinq New Construction a. Oranqe Tree Mobile Home Park In February 1989, Chula Vista Redevelopment Agency purchased 29 spaces and coaches in Orange Tree mobile home park using $600,000 as a 25% down payment from the Redevelopment Hous i ng Fund. The balance of the sa 1 es pri ce was fi nanced through mortgage loans from the Bank of America. Loan payments are serviced through the rental income from the 24 space rentals. The park is a senior citizen park, and to qualify for residency at least one resident per trailer must be 62 years of age or older. Orange Tree is predomi nant 1 y owned by the park res i dents who have reta i ned a property manager to collect common area maintenance fees and enforce park rules. The Redeve 1 opment Agency has reta i ned the same property manager to collect the rents and manage the remaining 24 rental units it owns in the park. The space rents are $307/month and include association fees and $375/month for the one space and trailer available for rent. The long-term goal of these City-owned spaces is to sell them to low-income senior residents. To date five (5) spaces have been sold with the proceeds deposited back into the Housing Fund. b. Multi-family Rentals In 1986, the One Park project (#18) restricted 71 units out of a 94-unit family complex in exchange for an $850,000 deferred second loan payable in 10 years, or at the time of sale. The Redevelopment Agency will participate in an equity share of the apprec i ated market value of 4.5% of the property at the time of sale. All of the City's profit share of the proceeds will be deposited into the Redevelopment Housing Fund. 4. Rehab Proqrams Chul a Vi sta' s rehabi 1 itat i on program, known as the Community Housing Improvement Program (CHIP) incorporates three elements of assistance in originating single family, mobile home, and rental rehab loans. Together these elements offer low-interest or deferred loans to all I -1 ~ ~-~.r segments of housing in need of repair. Approximately 90% of the loans were ori gi nated through the Redevelopment Fund, while the remaining 10% of the funds utilized either CDBG or the HUD Rental Rehab Program. Durin9 the years of 1985 to early 1990, nearly $4 Mill ion dollars have been loaned to 134 low-income single family homeowners at an average of 27 loans a year. The City has also originated 107 loans and grants totalling over $155,000 for mobile home rehab. In addition, 10 rental rehab un i ts benefi ted from the City's two Rental Rehab Programs. a. Sinqle-Familv Rehab Loans The s i ngl e fami 1 y rehab loans i nc 1 ude every facet of home repa i rand remodel i ng such as roof replacement, kitchen and bath renovation, complete floor-covering, fenci ng, and outdoor sid i ng. Loans cover the cost of room additions, and in some cases complete new home replacement when the existing home is beyond economical repair. The loan amounts vary but typically are $27,000-34,000jeach. Terms are 5% interest for 15 years or deferred for the 1 ife of anyone 62 years of age or older whose income is equal to or under 80% of the median income, payable upon change of ownership and secured by a lien on the property. Loans made to non-elderly individuals with incomes less than 50% of median income may have their loan payments deferred for two years and secured by a lien on the property. Recertification is mandatory to defer the loan for another two years or placing the owners in a paying status of 5% for 15 years. b. Mobilehome Owner Rehabilitation Loans This program provides a grant to eligible mobile home owners of up to $1,000 to cover the costs of rehabilitation items. Under certain circumstances, this can be increased to $1,999 by approval of the Trailer CHIP Loan Committee. The Agency has originated 107 loans and grants over the past five years in excess of $155,000. The average grant is above $1,500 and usually is enough to complete the required work. Projects requiring more than $2,000 worth of work may be eligible for a 5% loan. Deferred loans are not made for mobilehomes and trailers. 1-16 J-~ '" Most eligible grantees chose to accept the full grant amount and make up the difference in any addit i ona 1 cost from thei r own resources. Approximately 70-90% of the mobile home loans were made to elderly households. The remaining loans were made to disabled individuals, of which 2% were minority households. I n the 1 ast fi ve years, 3 coach replacement loans were made to owners whose exi st i ng coach was beyond repair. c. Rental Rehab Proqram There are two rental rehab loan programs owners can avail themselves of in order to maintain their properties at acceptable levels, and keep rents within the levels required by Section 8 Rental Guidelines. (1) The City's own program will originate a loan to cover the full cost of rehabi 1 itation in exchange for a 5% loan payabl e over 15 years. Annual payments may be estimated at $8 of debt service to every $1000.00 borrowed. Rents may be no higher than Section 8 rental guidelines for a period of 10 years. (2) In this HUD Rental Rehab Program, the owner applies for a schedule of rehabilitation work. If all the work requested falls within the guidelines established by HUD as to per unit costs, the loan amount (including administrative costs) is matched on a 50/50 basis with HUD funds. The amount of money loaned is a 10 year deferred forqiveness loan in that every year 10% is deducted from the principal amount and at the end of 10 years the owner owes nothi ng. The owner must agree to continue renting to low-income famil ies for 10 years and must not convert the units to condominiums. Max i mum loan ass i stance is 50% of the per unit rehab costs to a maximum of $7,500 per unit for two bedroom un i ts and $8,500 per un it for a three bedroom un it, but this can be increased 14% by permission from HUD. Eighty percent of the loans were made to rehabilitate two bedroom units. Occupants in 50% of the units had incomes of below 50% of area median. 1-17 ~-~r During the planning period, 8 units were refurbished using HUD rental rehab funds of $58,611.34. A total of (4) Sect i on 8 vouchers and (4) Sect ion 8 certificates were used in conjunction with this program. Summary Overall the combined efforts of single-family, mobile home and rental rehab programs makes this one of the strongest performing elements of the City's housing programs. Thi s program targets properties with substandard conditions which warrant structural repair loans. The residents of the rehabilitated units are predominantly (70%) occupied by lower income people (incomes below 80% of median). Either by direct 1 end i ng or through Sect ion 8 rental subsidies low-income household are receiving direct benefits from these efforts. Loan ScreeninG and Evaluation All proposed loans are screened and evaluated by the City staffed CHIP loan committee. Approved loans are then referred to the Bank of America for loan processing. Mobile home park loans are screened by a committee of mobile home park residents and are processed through the Bank of America as well. 5. Mobilehome ProGrams The City has made a deep commitment to mobile home park issues with its ordinances regarding mobilehome relocation assistance, rent arbitration, mobilehome assistance program, and mobile home rehab loans (previously discussed). Each program adds an important component to the overall assistance made to low-income mobile home park residents. Mobile Home Park Relocation Ordinances Under the Mobile Home Park Relocation Ordinance, park owners are required to submit a relocation assistance plan with the Community Development Department pri or to any park conversion/closure being approved. During the planning period, one park closure occurred at Al's Trailer Haven. This park owner went beyond the requirements of the ordinance and assisted all tenants who requested assi stance regardl ess of thei r income or the length of time the tenants had resided 1-18 d-~ 'i in the park. This owner rented space in other parks and held them open unt i 1 his former tenants had an opportunity to move the trailers into the new space. All relocation costs were borne by the park owner who a 1 so offered to buy tenant trail er and mobile homes at negotiated rates. A total of 49 units were assisted in this park closure (3/31/89). Total costs of relocation assistance were all privately financed. Rent Arbitration Ordinance This ordinance outlines the procedures by which a mobile home park owner may raise space rents in their parks. A fund was set-up, initially with a $4,000.00 grant from an association of mobile home park owners, who wished to better coordinate and organize rental increase disputes. Notice requirements for regular rent increases up to the current annual rate of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) prevail. That is, if the space rent is a month to month tenancy, a GO-day not i ce is requi red. However, if the 1 andl ord wi shes to ra i se the rents above the current annual CPI a copy of the proposed rent increase must be sent to the Housing Coordinator of the City. This specially worded notice (see ordinance addenda) must be reviewed by the coordinator and then given to the park residents. Notice is hereby given to all affected lower income residents (those whose incomes fall between $13,000 - $15,000 per year) that they may be eligible for monetary ass i stance to defray part of the cost of arbitration in the event the residents dispute the increase. As a result, the City's Housing Coordinator is responsible for monitoring compliance and managing the arbitration process of any di sputed rent increases. Bavscene In 1987, the residents of Bayscene Mobile Home Park were given a rent increase above the appl icable CPI increase. At the time, the City's Ordinance provided a mechanism for the residents to request mediation by a third party. When mediation failed, the City enacted a Binding Arbitration Ordinance. 1-19 ;J-~' In the interim period, specifically in February of 1989, the park was sold. Both owners were involved in the arbitration process. In July of 1990, the arbitrator made an award in favor of the claimants, the Bayscene resident negotiators. The award only covered the period in which the original owners were the owners. As a result, thousands of dollars in excess of increases in the CPI have been collected by the new owner which still need to be addressed. If the new owner is requ i red to correct the error, he would have to refund over-charged rents and a rent roll-back to those residents on month-to-month tenancies. A major mi sconcept i on has exi sted in that the residents believed the Ordinance was designed to avoid attorney fees, court costs, etc. and would be timely. This has not been the case. Having exhausted the arbitration remedy, the residents have since retained an attorney to bring this case to a final resolution. Mobilehome Assistance ProQram In June 1986, the Redevelopment Agency of the City of Chula Vista ("Agency") approved a program of assistance for the residents of Orange Tree Mobilehome Park in response to their specific requirements and also to provide a guide to evaluate future requests. While the actual assistance provided to Orange Tree is di scussed under projects Funded by the Redevelopment Housing Fund, the program provides loans to assist eligible mobilehome park residents to purchase their mobilehome parks, convert parks to resident ownership and reduce the costs of mobilehome park ownership to an affordable level for el igible buyers. The intent of this program is to preserve a I ow- income hous i ng opt i on preference for low and, in some cases, moderate-income families and seniors. Financial assistance may include: 0% interest on interim financing, long-term financing of both blanket loans or individual loans which may be deferred interest or equity share loans due and payable 30 years from origination if no sale occurs within that time. Summarv The City has again been successful in creating a comprehensive program that meets the diverse needs of mobile home park residents in providing rehabilitation grants and loans, relocation assistance and rent arbitration resolution, in addition to expanded homeownership opportunities. 1-20 ~-JO 6. Relocation and Demolition Ordinance In accordance with State and Federal laws, the City provides assistance to any individual displaced through Redevelopment activities. During the planning period, three (3) eligible home owners and fifteen (15) tenants were relocated. Displaced tenants renting the acquired property for at least three (3) months were eligible for up to a $4,000 displacement sum and an additional dislocation payment of $200, and up to $400 in movi ng costs. Relocated tenants with Section 8 vouchers received $850 for moving and dislocation costs. Displaced homeowners who had owned and occupied the acquired property for at least six (6) months prior to the initiation of negotiations for property acquisition were eligible for a $15,000 relocation payment. Table of Relocation Assisted Households 1985 2 Tenant Relocations 1986 No Residential Relocations 1987 6 Tenant Relocations 1988 7 Tenant Relocations (incl. 5 Section 8 transfers) 1988 I Owner - Occupant Relocations 1989 2 Owner - Occupant Relocations Total: 18 Relocated Households in the 5-year period 7. Weatherization Proqram While the City does not operate a weatherization program, one of the largest non-profit organizations in the San Diego area, Metropolitan Area Advisory Committee (MAAC), use State monies of approximately $500,000 a year on a grant program targeted towards individuals whose annual incomes are below $9,264 (two person maximum). The maximum grant size is $1,600 but due to the reduction in tota 1 funds ava i 1 ab 1 e each year, the program manager now only authorizes $400 grants per household. This allows the program to serve as many people as poss i b 1 e, approximately 254 households in the South Bay a year. These grants are used to weather-strip homes and replace windows and/or doors. 1-21 ~-al B.4 CDBG Funded ProQrams 1. Overview of EXDenditures The City has used the Community Development Block Grant in a variety of ways to promote neighborhood improvement projects that directly affect the overall health of the commun i ty. The foIl owi ng is a record of the CDBG performance from 1985-1990. Whi 1 e the tot a 1 budget appropri at i on has grown each year, the percent allocated to housing has decl ined. As presented in Table 2-CDBG expenditures, during '85 through '89 single family and mobilehome park loans were originated in targeted low-income or economically distressed neighborhoods. During fiscal year 1984/85 approximately 23 single-family loans and 25 mobilehome loans were completed. In fiscal year 1985/86, 22 single fami 1 y loans and 20 mobil ehomes were completed. Duri ng fiscal year 86/87, single-family lending dropped to 2 loans and 13 mobilehome loans were made through the CDBG fund. During the planning cycle, a total of $2,415,801 was spent on housing rehabilitation loans specifically targeted to low-income households. While these program achievements assisted many families, redevelopment staff have determined that due to the inflexibil ity of Federal guidelines with regard to construction and rehabilitation it is far more effective to use CDBG funds in public works and social service activities such as the housing referral programs than rehab 1 endi ng. One such funded act i vi ty is the Fair Housing Coordinator, a part-time position, whose function is to refer individual tenants to the appropriate social service agency regarding tenant landlord disputes or other fair housing conflicts. The other housing re 1 ated soci a 1 servi ce programs funded through CDBG are described below, i.e., the Shared Housing Service and Homeless Shelter Referrals. 1-22 Gl""~ TABLE 2 OVERVIEW OF CDBG EXPENDITURES 1985-90 1985 $890,103 Total Expenditures Housing Loans Referrals Code Enforcement Public Works Social Service Administration Economic Dev. * Housing Related 47% 339,000 * 42,000 * 33,000 * 188,200 52,500 69,403 166,000 1986 - $1,129,444 Total Expenditures Housing Loans Referrals Code Enforcement Public Works Social Service Administration Economic Dev. * Housing Related 37% 351,000 * 47,200 * 9,000 * 426,100 75,160 214,450 6,534 1987 - $351,000 Total Expenditures Mobile Home Loans Housing Referrals Public Works Social Service Administration Economic Dev. * Housing Related 20% 42,600 * 29,800 * 110,500 103,100 64,900 100 1988 - $1,469,500 Total Expenditures Housing Loans Referrals Public Works Social Service Administration Economic Dev. * Housing Related 5% 17,100 * 61,400 * 1,188,000 57,100 57,000 88,900 1989 - $782,380 Total Expenditures Housing Loans Referrals Public Works Social Service Administration Economic Dev. * Housing Related 16% 44,107 * 83,070 * 396,322 111,802 84,670 62,409 1990 - $1,412,694 Approved Total Budget * Housing Related 3% Housing Referrals Public Works Social Service Econ Dev.jAdm. 1-23 02 -s.3 40,000 * 967,094 174,150 231,450 2. Shared Housinq Approximately 400 people were assisted in finding room and board through the South County Counc i 1 on Ag i ng in the last five years. This program has received approximately $18,000 a year from Chula Vista's CDBG allocation. They match seniors with single mothers, and other single individuals who need room and board, with elderly homeowners who have extra rooms which they are willing to rent. Typical rental rates are $250-275 per month. 3. Homeless Shelter Referrals Although there is a lack of detailed information that accurately enumerates homeless individuals by geographic area, in 1988, The Regional Task Force on the Homeless prepared a report for the South Bay sub-region which includes National City, Chula Vista, Imperial Beach and a portion of San Diego. The total number of South Bay homeless who spend the night on the streets, in an automobile, in a park, on the beach, in a campground or in unauthorized campsites on any given night, is estimated to be between 135-200. A more conservat i ve est imate of 125 is supported by observations reported in the Task Force on Homelessness in the South Bay published in 1988. Homelessness is recognized as a regional problem shared by all cities within the South Bay. To help meet its share of the problem, 12 churches in Chula Vista have been permitted to participate in the Inter-Faith Emergency Shelter Program, and two local motels participate in the South Bay Voucher Program within the City limits of Chula Vista. Additionally, the homeless may be referred to some of the other shelter programs listed below. The homeless service screening agent in the South Bay is the Lutheran Soc i a 1 Servi ce. They screen the South Bay cases and evaluate the emergency needs of these people. The ultimate purpose is to refer them to the following facilities and/or programs: a. South Bay Voucher Proqram According the the Task Force Report on the Homeless (1988),"during some portions of the year, homeless families and a limited number of single adults may receive vouchers for a two-week stay in selected motels through local social service agencies. During peri ods of shelter voucher ava i 1 abi 1 ity, an average of five single adults and twenty-five family members 1-24 d--3l1 can be found in the two participating South Bay motels each night in Chula Vista and Bonita. During ...a vouchering period, nearly half of the 177 separate individuals sheltered were children." A voucher is issued to individuals and families which provides room and board for up to (2) two weeks. Th i s system served 527 cases in two 1 oca 1 hotels in the 1 as t year. The next cycle of funds wi 11 not be available until December 1990. This program is funded through the Cathol ic Charities by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). b. Inter-faith Emerqencv Shelter Proqram Twelve beds are available to homeless people during the months of December - Apri 1 each year for up to six weeks at a time. This is a volunteer effort done in cooperat i on with several South Bay churches including twelve in Chula Vista. To facilitate this program's success, the Chula Vista City Council adopted an urgency ordinance on September 13, 1988 estab 1 i sh i ng an accessory use of 12 local churches as temporary shelters for the homeless. A permanent amendment to Section 19.58.110 of the City's municipal code became effective on 12-9-88 allowing the accommodation of up to 12 persons to be temporarily housed at church facilities subsequent to the adherence to specific conditions. c. La Ouinta - Hotels and Motels in Partnership The La Quinta motel in Chula Vista participates in a nation-wide effort by the Motel Owners Association of America who volunteer to provide up to 10% of their rooms a year for the homeless. This program provides 28 free nights a year up to three nights per fami 1 y unit. This facil ity consistently uses its quota of rooms per year. d. Victory Outreach This communal housing shelter has been operating in its downtown San Diego location for the past six years. Upon referral from Lutheran Services, prospective cl ients undergo further screening at the Outreach facility. This is a live-in, total immersion training program for people with histories 1-25 OJ-dS of substance abuse. Approximately 120 people a year complete the 9-12 month training program designed around Christian Fundamentalist practices. There are facilities for single men and women but no children. The project counselor maintains that once enrollees complete the program, approximately 50% are completely successful at re-entering the working world and leading normal lives. e. St. Vincent De Paul Again, according to the Task Force study, " approximately 10% of the 900 shelter beds in San Diego are occupied by individuals who originated from the South Bay, according to shelter provider estimates and actual tallies... ." The St. Vincent De Paul shelter is just one of those centrally located in the City of San Diego. This shelter sponsors many live-in, job-training programs. Also during the 89/90 measles epidemic, infectious cases were quarantined here. These programs depleted the supply of beds available to the homeless. In conclusion, the South Bay homeless population, is estimated to be approximately 60% homeless families. Almost two-thirds of these family members are children. These estimates are primarily based on the observations of social service agencies. In addition to the above referral efforts, an effort will be made duri ng the next p 1 anni ng cycle to develop and construct a new shelter or transitional home to help serve homeless families in the Chula Vista area. C. AFFORDABLE HOUSING IN PROGRESS Guaranteed HousinQ (392 units) Public Family Housing 22 Units Dorothy Street 18 Units (Undetermined Site) 40 units Remaining Balance of Referenda Authority 277 units Section 202 75 units 1-26 J~3(, Potential Housinq (616 units) Family Density Bonus Senior Density Bonus 3 units units 23 units 72 units 195 un its 18 units 55 un its 250 units Rancho del Rey (balance due) Pinwheel Condos Sunbow (pending) EastLake I (balance due) Salt Creek I (pending) Salt Creek Ranch (pending) III. CONCLUSIONS Areas SUQQested for SDecial Consideration While Chula Vista has an impressive record of affordable housing production, some areas of improvement have been noted which will be one target of the proposed programs described in Part 3. There are four main areas which need special consideration: 1 ) deficiencies in providing more periods of time. application of private sector units to lower-income families programs in for longer 2) expansion of funding sources including investigation of new state programs and public-private partnerships. 3) attention to ensuring full and equitable integration of lower-income affordable housing City's new eastern territories development. neighborhood within the 4) an increased inter-departmental effort implementation of the goals and objectives El ement. in monitoring of the Housing While these four special considerations form a broad framework, and summari ze opportun i ties for improvement i dent ifi ed through comprehens i ve review of the 1986 Housing Element, more specific refinements are necessary to meaningfully guide development of the Comprehensive Housing Plan embodied in Part 3. In order to further direct policy and program development responsive to these special considerations, the following corollaries have been developed as suggestions for the 1991-96 planning period. 1-27 0)-31- Suqqested Steos for the 1991-96 Planninq Period To assist the City in meeting the next 5-year goals the following steps are recommended: 1. A more coordinated and integrated approach among departments in meeting stated housing element goals which would include; building and code enforcement referrals to the rehab coordinator for potential financial assistance, and increase in communication on project decisions between the Planning and Community Development Departments during new construction project reviews. 2. A commitment to annual inter-departmental reviews of goals and objectives in order to keep all departments apprised of the numerous changes in the laws, regulations, financial constraints and market cond it ions affect i ng hous i ng development. Th is expanded commi tment would include a. A rev i ew of the Hous i ng Adv i sory Commit tee membersh i p, role, and function. Suggested expansion of responsibil ities would include review and recommendation on all affordable housing proposals, and an annual review and report on all housing policy and program performance from the Housing Advisory Committee to the Planning Commission and City Council. b. Consideration of affordable housing early on in the planning process, including the General Plan Development (GDP) process for those projects utilizing Planned Community (PC) zoning. c. Standardized notification to the Housing Coordinator of all projects which require affordable housing provisions at the time of initial project application. 3. Exploration of non-profit sponsored low-income housing production as the best way to insure long-term affordability and the leveraging of limited City dollars into funding programs. 4. The Community Development Department may want to cons i der taki ng a more assertive role in packaging the first SAMCO (Savings Association Mortgage Company Organization) or CCRC (California Commun ity Rei nvestment Corporat i on) or Federal Home Loan Community Investment Fund (CIF) loan proposal for selected developer(s) in Chula Vista. In this way, the City could lay the ground work for successive activity in this type of "layered-private-sector financing". Additionally, new State programs have now become available for which the City may want to take the lead in land assembly and pre-development on behalf of selected non-profit social service agencies who provide a broad spectrum of services to particular segments of the population (i.e. the elderly, handicapped, the homeless, and the at-risk population). 1-28 ~-.3-g 5. In bringing the current density bonus ordinance into conformity with new State mandates, the City will alter current guidelines for density bonus family units, and put before Council an alternative calculation which better responds to the needs of lower-income households. 6. An alternative calculation might be considered for "for-sale" properties which would distinguish between two groups: first-time buyers and "empty-nesters". In other words, it may be too 1 imit i ng to exclude people who would be paying more than 30% of the area median income on a housing payment and not make some adjustment for tax credit advantages, value of appreciation, and the value of upward mobility of home buying vs. renting. The City may develop an equity share formula on a deferred loan program for first-time homebuyers. This home ownership program would allow future re-sale and loan pay-backs to be reinvested in future affordable housing projects. 7. The Commun i ty Development Department has recently person to the task of annual rent monitoring cooperat i on agreements. A further recommendation cooperation agreements be filed separately and not the performance periods have expired. assigned a staff of all on-going is that on-going stored away until 8. In a joint effort between Community Development and Planning, a marketing program should be developed to facilitate applicant understanding of affordable housing requirements and compliance. This program would include brochures describing the various procedures, programs, and compliance requirements for affordable housing production in the City. 9. Establ ish specific requirements and procedures for the submission and revi ew of an "Affi rmat i ve Market i ng Pl an" for the provi s i on of 10% affordable housing in projects over 50 units when the applicant claims such housing provision is not economically feasible. 10. Improve systematic monitoring of rents and sales of units reliant on conditional use permits or under cooperative agreements. These recommendat ions are the subject of further program addressment in Part 3. WPC OOOlp 1-29 C) -J~ . CHULA VISTA ASSISTED HOUSING PROJECTS 1971 THRU 1989 \ \ \ .\ ,:\ :,':\ ,',\ ~.-- \'~~~.~~. ~\ -v,'c \, ~"~~_. I -t h /' .._J " ,..,. /'... -~ .,,-......,..-. 1 r., r-- L -I,.L_J r-~.4----. J I l --.:s=.;:;---",\ \ \ \ , \ \. \ \ \ t:=:\ ""OJI!CT LO'CATION \:!;; lEE RECORD LISTING I ....UNITT DEVELOPMENT 1-80 8LP'. \) I "t. ....... Pr--O,JE"ct t'''tddt'""E'SS . 1. Be-a con Cove 2.Brandywi.ne 3. B,oadway Apts 4.Uurkhar-t. Senior- S.Lamelot 6.Cante....-bLlt"""y Cour--t 7.Lastl.e Pa.rk Gar-den a.Congregational lowe. 9. Cotta.ges. lOEucalyptLls Grove ll'FoLlrth Ave Ap-ts 12.K.iku Gardens 13.Lo-rq r-en 14.I'leadows IS.lvle 1. .....ose 1"1an 0 r- 16.1....0<55 Street West 17. () a k reo............. a. ceo 18.une Pa.......k 19.u,...-anqe Tr--ee fv1obi.le Pa.,.-V 20.Uxfo.......d Tet"'"race 21.0 )( T C) ...... d ~ Z Ll n i g a. 22.Paloma....... Farni ly 23. P a. ...... k F i f t h A v eo _ 24.Pa......kway Senl0....... 25.Rancho Vi.sta 26.Te......-.a Nova 27. r Cl w n Ceo n t r- e M a. n Cl t" 2a.Villa. l'1a..--tini.que 29.WClOd 1.. awn ~ _56 I:::: _ .. H .. S t _ 1501 Brandywine 1053 Broadway St 12'l1 5th Lakerldqe Dr.& B,aokstone 3...56 "CoO St. Rd. 272 Kennedy St. 288 "F" St Clear--water- PI 67 E.... Flowe...... St ~.q-66 4th Ave IL60 -5rd_ (~ve l"'l:iracost.d C:ir 1061 GranJds Rd 1678 '....eJ rase Ave 533 140ss St. 423 Church AvE" 350 .:...'O;t~d_ AvE". 521 ~~5 :::'51 UranqE" U x f 0 ,- d Ux .T'or-d Pa l(::lma.r Ave St St St 1/1 ~-564 5th AvE'_ 1~11-41S Parkwa.y Dr. l.q.l'/ Obld.S Dr 4C-lO E "1-1" St. 4 ~6 "f-" S t LastL.ake er-r-ace M~6~~8~5~ Woodlawn Ave. DRAFT ~ ".~, ~- ~ r., ~~'T c.' _ ,;, ! TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 2: Needs. Resources. and Constraints I. Introduction Paqe I 1-] II. Needs Analysis A. Existing Unmet Needs Vacancy and Absorption Rates 11-] A.I Overpayment in Rental Housing A.2 Overpayment in Owned Housing A.3 Overcrowded Housing A.4 Substandard Housing 11-2 11-6 11-9 11-]0 B. Special Need Populations B.l The Elderly and Disabled B.2 Homeless Families B.3 Single Headed Households B.4 Large Families B.5 Farmworkers/Dayworkers B.6 Mobile Home Park Residents B.7 Students II -14 II-IS II -15 11-16 II -16 11-16 11-18 C. At Risk Housing C.l Family Units - HUD 236 Contracts C.2 Other Housing Units at Risk D. Projected Needs 0.1 Introduction/Current Estimates 11-20 0.2 Population and Housing Growth Forecasts 11-23 0.3 Chula Vista's Share of the Region's Housing Needs 11-25 Regional Share Allocation 11-26 Fair Share Allocation 11-26 11-18 11-20 III. Resources A. Introduction/Overview B. Chula Vista General Plan Update C. Land Use/Resource Inventory 11-27 11-27 11-28 ~-I.f~ ',." ;- TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont'd) PART 2: Needs. Resources. and Constraints Paqe IV. Constraints A. Overview II -31 B. Governmental Constraints 11-31 B. I Land Use Controls 11-31 B.2 Growth Management II-32 B.3 Building Codes and Enforcement II-33 B.4 Improvement Requirements/Development Standards II-33 B.5 Processing, Permits, Fees, and Exactions II-34 C. Non-Governmental Constraints 11-37 C.I Financing Availability 11-37 C.2 Land and Construction Costs 11-39 C.3 Employment Opportunities 11-40 C.4 Other Impacts 11-42 V. Summary 11-43 ;;-4f.3 ,-- "-,", .--'.'1- I .. ' "',::'" ~... "..,' \.. PART 2 NEEDS, RESOURCES, AND CONSTRAINTS I. INTRODUCTION As part of its response to the ever-growing and critical need for not only affordable lower-income housing, but also decent and suitable housing for families in all income groups in the rapidly growing State of Cal ifornia, the State Legislature has declared in Article 10.6 of the Cal ifornia Government Code, Section 65583, that as part of their Housing Elements, cities shall periodically identify and analyze the existing and projected needs for housing within their communities. Part of this analysis shall include an inventory of available resources, and an identification of constraints relative to the City's ability to provide for the preservation, improvement, and development of housing to meet the identified need. In accordance with these requi rements, Part 2 of the Hous i ng El ement of 1991 has been structured to provide an assessment of local needs, resources, and constraints in establ ishing the basis for a comprehensive set of poliCies and programs, calculated to address Chula Vista's prov is i on of adequate hous i ng for all income groups through 1996. The resulting pol icies and programs are embodied in the five-year housing plan outlined in Part 3. The following pages provide quantified analYSis for current unmet needs in terms of overpayment, overcrowding, substandard conditions, and various "special needs" groups such as the elderly, handicapped, single parent families, and the homeless. Projected needs based on expected regional growth and employment are provided, and the ability for Chula Vista's land base and regulatory framework to adequately respond is discussed. Finally, specific governmental and non-governmental constraints in the way of land use controls, financing availabil ity,and land and construction costs are evaluated. II. NEEDS ANALYSIS A. Existing Unmet Needs Vacancy and Absorption Rates Within the following section, general population characteristics are discussed relative to the existing supply of housing to determine if the 1 eve 1 of product i on has kept up with overall demand in the area as indicated by vacancy and absorption rates. Information was gathered from several sources: Department of Finance (January 1, 1990 estimates), SANDAG Regional Housing Needs Statement and Series 7 Population Forecast, and the Home Mortgage Disclosure Data for 1988. Generally, the older, well established neighborhoods with smaller homes have smaller average households of 2.67 persons, wh i 1 e the newer census tracts (CT 134.03 and 134.04) east of HWY 805 have an average household of 3.5 persons. The Department of Finance estimated an overall population per household size at 2.693 for January 1990. Although these are the best available estimates, all the researchers cautioned that the methodology for calculating these figures may not reflect the actual living conditions of certain neighborhoods, especially those in Chula Vista south of L Street. II-I 02 - ~~ The total estimated number of dwell ing units for January 1990 was 49,863 according to the State Department of Finance. This figure is used by SANDAG to estimate the City's capacity to meet existing and future needs. The overall Department of Finance vacancy factor was 3.29%, however, the following table shows the significant difference in vacancy between types of housing. TABLE 3 VACANCY RATES BY UNIT TYPE STATE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE - POPULATION ESTIMATE January 1, 1990 Overa 11 Vacancv Rate 1. 79 3.18 4.14 4.94 4.57* 3.29 SFD SFA 2-4 5+ MH *Staff-generated vacancy rate based on number of occupied units. In analyzing SANDAG'S Series 7 Population Forecast information for 1988, four census tracts appeared to have higher than average vacancy rates. Three of these tracts (CT 131.01, 132.01 and 133.03), in older neighborhoods south of l Street, also had a large proportion of low-income rental housing units. The fourth tract which estimated higher than average vacancy rates (CT 134.04)is in the developing eastern side of the City where new growth is expected to exceed demand for the short-term. In a survey conducted by Commun ity Development, vacancy factors for new projects (Terra Nova and Beacon Cove) stabilized at 5%, while those projects, espec i ally seni or projects, located south of "l" Street had vacancy rates between 8-10%. The apparent over-abundance of new senior housing projects which compete with other older low-rent units in the area may cause the vacancy rate to remain higher than average. Other possible explanations for the high vacancy rates could include poor marketing, or that these units are located in an area which may not be considered attractive to seniors. Projections for 1995 growth estimate an 8-10% increase in total occupied dwelling units over the next planning period. The housing programs outlined in Part 3, if fully executed will contribute approximately 240 units of affordable (low income) housing a year. A.I Evidence of Over-Pavment in Rental HousinQ BackQround: According to SANDAG's Regional Housing Needs Study, "The dynamics of supply and demand can be indicated by measuring the portion of a household's income that is spent for housing" and indicates the extent of the availability of affordable housing in the market place. I1-2 J,lf5 The incidence of over-payment is an area where sol id evidence is hard to find. SANDAG estimates from the 1980 Census Data indicate that there are 6,193 households in Chula Vista who will pay more than 25% of their household income for rent. The tremendous popularity and waiting 1 ists for Section 8 rental assistance in the City also suggests that over-payment is indeed a problem for many people in the area. The success of the Section 8 program is usually the result of two phenomenon 1) a large segment of the population who can not comfortably afford to pay rent and other 1 iving expenses and 2) the HUD rental guidelines for the area reasonably reflect the true market conditions, allowing people to find units which can meet the program guidelines for rent and unit condition, HUD officials have reported that Chula Vista has been consistently over-leased, which means that there is more than one el igible household for every available certificate or voucher allocated. Current wa it i ng 1 i sts are two to three years long for larger family units. In addition to SANDAG estimates derived from 1980 Census Data, Table 4 indicates the level of overpayment analyzed during 1988 and presented in the City's current Hous i ng Ass i stance Pl an (HAP). TABLE 4 RENTAL SUBSIDY NEEDS FOR LOWER INCOME HOUSEHOLDS: 1988-91 HOUSING ASSISTANCE PLAN (OVERPAYMENT) Very-low Income Low-Income Total Elderly: Small Fami ly: Large Family: Total: 1,782 4,106 410 6,298 779 1,950 234 2,963 2,561 6,056 644 9,261 Analysis: Typical rental rates for the Chula Vista area are presented in Table 5. Rents surveyed include HUD fair market rents (FMR), the City assisted rents for housing complexes under both density bonus and bond programs, and by way of comparison, the allowable rents under the tax-credit programs and new State Prop. 84 programs. The City rental projects surveyed are regulated by a cooperation agreement between the property owner and the City. The unit rents can not exceed 1/12 of 80% of either 25 % or 30 % of the area median. (Currently $37,900 adjusted for bedroom and maximum family household size,) 11-3 .J-~" Most of the density bonus and affordable housing program rents are restri cted at the top of the affordabi 1 i ty range maki ng these units unaffordable to these households whose incomes fall below 80% of median. This means, the population of those who earn less than 80% of the median may be subject to overpayment of rents without additional subsidies such as Section 8 certificates or vouchers. In some cases, especially, in the senior density bonus projects, up to 40% of the units are being assisted by Section 8 subsidies. This program subsidizes the contract rent allowing the tenant to pay between $150-200 a month for rent. These contracts make the units truly affordable but the owner is not obligated to renew Section 8 contracts. In the case of family housing, only one out the 16 family density bonus units had a Section 8 rental contract. The shortcomings of the current density bonus program are: 1) tenants may be paying more than 30% of their individual household income on housing costs for rent and 2) none of the City assisted complexes provide affordable housing beyond a time certain contract date which ultimately reduces the net affordable housing available City wide. 11-4 ~-"i.l7- TABLE 5 Rent Schedules-Area Median $37.900 SRO Studio ill ill ill ill SQ FT 850 900 HUD FMR $583 $684 $857 $959 .67 .74 COOP Aqreements: @ 25 % 442-505 505-568 631 /SQFT .52-.59 .56-.63 @ 30 % 530-606 606-681 758 /SQFT .62 .67-.75 Senior Density Bonus $345 $468 $630 /SQFT .57 .55 .70 Family Density Bonus $460 $575 /SQFT .54 .63 Family Bond $580 $685 /SQFT .68 .76 Fami ly Market Rate $630-35 $745-55 /SQFT .74 .83 HUD 236 Fami ly Units $260 $305 $339 /SQFT .33 .38 .36 Tax-Credit: >40 % $357-408 $378-432 /SQFT .42 .48 20-40% $298-340 $315-360 /SQFT .35 .40 Prop. 84: New Construction V.Low 232 232 265 298 332 Low 232 393 455 512 569 Prop. 77: Rehab Projects V.Low 249 332 379 426 474 Low 249 393 455 512 569 I 1-5 ;2-~' A.2 Over-Pavment in Owner-Occuoied Housinq Overpayment among homeowners is 1 ess than that among renters according to 1980 Census Summary Reports of Census Designated Places (COP). Overpaying homeowner households, according to these estimates, accounted for ],248 of the Chula Vista (COP) while 6,]93 renter households were estimated to have overpaid in ]980. This section describes the existing unmet needs as i nd i cated by the over-payment of certa in sub-popul at ions of homeowners. The underl yi ng data anal yzed for these purposes are provided by SANDAG's Regional Housing Needs Statement (RHNS) and Series-7 population forecasts, and the latest 1988 Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA-88) data. The limitations of the HMDA data are that only one year of lending practices were analyzed. As previously stated, the attempt here is to suggest economic indicators of need rather than to provide proof positive of any economic trends. Census Tracts Analvzed The following 22 (1980) census tracts were used as points of reference both by Series-7 and HMDA data. For a quick reference, the following tracts are arranged according to major geographical divisions in Chula Vista: North of L Street South of L Street East of 805 101. 03 123.01 ]23.02 ]24.0] ]24.02 125.00 126.00 127.00 ]28.00 ]29.00 130.00 131. 0] 131. 02 132.0] 132.02 ]33.0] 133.02 133.03 133.04 133.05 134.01 134.03 134.04 While census tracts 116, 121, ]01.07, ]00.01, 32.04 and 32.07 not listed contain small sections of the City, the above census tracts reflect the main population of the City boundaries as of ]990. In the following discussion, certain significant sub- populations are analyzed relative to ]988 mortgage lending to determine housing needs unmet by normal market conditions, thereby, gauging the level of financial or other non-governmental constraints each sub-population has in meeting their housing needs. ]1-6 j"lf' These sub-populations include 1) percent change in growth 2) tracts of minority households and 3) percentage of low-income households. tracts with the largest with the 1 argest percentage tracts wi th the 1 argest Although all City tracts showed evidence of lending activity, affordability and balanced community issues surfaced in several of the above mentioned tracts. Growth Tracts Example: First, the newly developing "eastern territory" tracts of CT 134.03 and 134.04 reported a heavy concentration of home purchase lending. Federally assisted mortgage lending, however, was less than 1% of the 955 home mortgages financed. A total of $224,100,000 was lent on home purchase loans and another $3,400,000 on home improvement loans. The socio-economic profile of the population in these tracts has undergone some major sh i fts in the 1 ast ei ght years. The total population of these two tracts has nearly doubled. Nearl y all of the sub- popul at ions have doubled except in the case of the Asian population which tripled in the same time frame. The fo 11 owi ng tabl e shows the percent change of each sub-population in CT 134.03 and 134.04 over the last eight years: Ethnicitv CT 134.03 and 134.04 White Asian Hispanic Black Total '80: 75% 9% 13% 1.4% 17,240 32,195 '88: 66% 15% 17% 1. 6% Medi an incomes in these two tracks i ndi cate that over 50% of the reporting households earned more than $50,000 in 1988 (in 1987 $) as demonstrated in the table below, out of a total 9,452 households: Median Incomes CT 134.03 & 134.04 9,452 Total Households <15K 15-25K '88: 1. 7% 6% 25-35K 12.5% 35-50K +50K 25% 53% 11-7 ;1 -SO As an index of affordabil ity, assume that no real increase in income occurred between 1988 and 1990 and increases in median incomes only reflect the rate of increase in inflation. Further assume, for a single family home in this area, a typical mortgage would be at least $160,000 (a 10% increase since 1988 when the average mortgage in this area was $144,315). Assuming a 10%, 30 year mortgage, monthly principal and interest payments would be $1,490 per month. A payment affordable to households earning in excess of $59,000 per year. That is to say, at least 14% of the population in this tract could not easily afford to finance a new single family home in this area. Minoritv Tract Example The second tract analyzed was CT 132.02 south of L Street in the Montgomery area, reported as having the highest concentration of minority households at 57% of total tract population. The following table demonstrates the percentage changes in the ethnic sub-populations of this tract over eight years: Ethnicitv CT 132.02 Hispanic Wh ite Asian Bl ack '80: '88: 47% 51% 43% 38% 6% 7% 3% 4% Total 8,173 7,267 A total of 11 home purchase loans were made in this area in 1988, totaling $896,000. To test the affordability index in this census tract, assume the same 10% increase in the average mortgage amount (in 1988 average mortgage was $81,454). That is, an average mortgage now would be $89,500, at 10% amortized over 30 years with a monthly principal and interest payment of $871 per month. This mortgage would be affordable to households whose median was over $34,000. Just assuming inflation increases, the median income in this tract is under $20,000 per year ($18,336 in 1988). Therefore, as demonstrated below, nearly 2,000 households would be unable to finance a conventional mortgage. Indeed, the debt service that could be supported by incomes under $20,000 are too low ($500jmonth) even to support market rate rents. This last fact may explain why this tract evidenced the least amount of multi-family and non-occupant lending in the whole City. Only two multi-family and one non-occupant loan were made during 1988, for a combined total of $1,196,000. 11-8 a' 6/ Median Incomes for CT 132.02 (INC-OI) Total Population 3,114 <15K 15-25K 25-35K 35-50K +50K 38% 31% 17% 9% 3% Lowest Income Tract Example: The last tract analyzed, CT 123.02, in the central city area demonstrated the lowest median income levels City-wide. In 1988, the median income in this tract was $9,846, and of the total reported households 91% (653) were homeowners. Nearly 70% of the total population of 1,030 were white, elderly (median age 64), and female (55%). Median Incomes CT 123.02 Total Population 633 <15K '88 68% 15-25K 22.4% 25-35K 35-50K +50K 7.4% 2% .16% Nearly 50% of the owner-occupied households received a home mortgage loan in 1988. No Federally assisted loans were ori g i nated. A total of $2,826,000 in home purchase loans were originated in that year, and three multi-family loans were originated for a total of $3,787,000. The affordabil ity test appl ied here would suggest an average mortgage loan of $115,500 (up from $104,666 in 1988) again at 10% interest amortized over 30 years for a monthly, mortgage payment of $1,100 which would be affordable to households with annua I incomes of $44,002. Even though 60% of the households in this tract reported low annual incomes, these households had other tangible assets available to them which would make them credit worthy customers. Conclusion This cursory analysis does suggest an affordability gap is present in the eastern territories, and where high concentrations of minority households live. If this affordability gap is not addressed in the City's slate of program responses, its goal of creating affordable housing in balanced communities could be seriously compromised. A.3 Over-Crowded HousinQ According to SANDAG's review of overcrowding region wide, the combination of low income and high housing costs has forced many households to live in overcrowded conditions. 11-9 ~ -6 0\ The term "overcrowded" is appl ied to units with 1.01 or more person per room exclusive of the kitchen and bathroom(s). Ident i fyi ng the extent of overcrowded problems can serve as a warning sign that the community does not have an adequate supply of affordable housing and/or housing units for large famil ies. SANDAG estimates that in 1980 there were 1.763 overcrowded housing units in Chula Vista. This statistic represents about 3.5% of the total housing stock (49,000 TDU). As an illustration of the type and degree of overcrowded conditions present in Chula Vista, a review of the City's Building and Housing Department code inspections for 1989 revealed that about 42 violations a year, or 17% of all code violations regarding substandard housing conditions, are the result of overcrowding. About 22 violations a year involve 8 to 10 people 1 iving in a single-family residence. Another 20 of these violations occurred in the older sections of the City, and involved people sleeping in cars, shacks, garages, and RV's parked on streets. These part i cul ar over-crowded conditions may be the result of immigrant day works who have just crossed the border. Est i mates from the U. S. Immi grat i on and Naturalization Service have indicated that 6,678 individuals c 1 aimed the South Bay as thei r home when fi 1 i ng for Amnesty Immigration Status as seasonal agricultural workers in the South Bay region (MAAC Report 1988). Many of these workers move on to agricultural, gardening or construction day jobs outside the South Bay. Overcrowded conditions are clearly intolerable and are inconsistent with 1986 Element pol icies. While continued Code Enforcement act i vit i es wi 11 reduce the number of i nd i vi dua 1 s 1 iving in overcrowded conditions, an assertive effort on the part of the City is necessary to provide more affordable, even if temporary, shelter for very low-income people, and increased efforts to elevate overcrowding perhaps by referral to the City rehab programs for room addition loans where feasible. A.4 Substandard Housinq Introduction Article 10.6, Section 65583 (a)(2) of the Government Code requires that as part of its assessment of housing needs, each City must include an analYSis and documentation of its housing characteristics and housing stock condition. The primary purpose of thi sana lys is is to address the matter of "substandard" housing resulting from various degrees of phys i ca 1 dec 1 i ne, deteri orat i on, and/or non - adherance to the standards of the Health and Safety Code and local building requirements. The required result of this analysis is to identify the number of housing units needing rehabilitation, and the number of units needing actual replacement. 11-10 ~-5.3 In order to determine the number of housing units needing rehabilitation or replacement, the City consulted the Code Enforcement Section of its Building and Housing Department, which since 1987, has embarked on a systematic program of neighborhood by neighborhood inspect ions to improve conditions and appearance primarily through the "Neighborhood Revitalization Program" (NRP) and "Neighborhood Improvement Program" (NIP). Given that the City is virtually divided into eastern and western communities, with the eastern area the site of much of the City's new construction since 1980, the Code Enforcement! Inspect ion Di vi sian i nd i cates that substandard cond it ions do not preva i 1 there, and has thereby focused its efforts on the older western side of the City, including the Montgomery Community annexed in late 1985. The following sections provide an outl ine of the efforts and findings of the systematic neighborhood inspection program, and divide the various substandard conditions into areas of major and minor rehabilitation needs. Buildinq Code Enforcement and Inspection Activities As previously indicated, the majority of the inspection activity has occurred west of I-80S in the older part of the City, which has also been the focus area of the targeted Neighborhood Revitalization Program. The inspections are part of an extern a 1 inspect i on program per departmental pol icy, and all code violation citations are compiled and reviewed monthly. Currently, internal health and safety inspections are limited to multi-family dwellings (apartments), and are in response to compl ai nts recei ved from tenants. Internal inspections of single-family residences may be made on a request basis. Housinq Stock Condition Since the newer, eastern territories are primarily comprised of units built since 1980, and have thus far not been the focus of much code enforcement activity, the following estimates of tot a 1 hous i ng stock in need of some kind of rehabi 1 itat i on pertain to the western half of the City in accordance with Building and Housing Department records. TABLE 6 WEST SIDE C!TY HOUSING STOCK WITH REHABILITATION NEEDS Total west side stock: 12% with rehab needs: 37,422 housing units 4,490 housing units Type % of total # of Single fam Multi - fam Rehab un its% of need rehab need un it s % units % units owned rented Major rehab 37% 1661 30% 498 70% 1163 30% 70% Minor rehab 63% 2829 50% 1415 50% 1414 50% 50% Totals 100% 4490 1913 2577 I I-II d-S~ As a means of comparison to current Building Department findings, Table 7 indicates estimated City-wide rehabilitation needs as presented in the City's current Hous i ng Ass i stance Plan (HAP). TABLE 7 REHABILITATION NEEDS - 1988 TO 1991 H.A.P. Stnd. Units Substnd. Units Suitabl e for Rehab Lower Dec. Vac. Dec. Vac. Tot. Income Vac. Owner: 23,432 817 800 27 766 239 26 Renter: 20,861 1,119 1,594 85 1,527 1,032 82 Maior Rehabilitation Major Rehabil itation, that requlnng some kind of financial assistance, would account for approximately 4.5% (1661 units) of the total housing stock in the western area. Typically, the need for fi nanc i a 1 ass i stance from the City is seen to occur when necessary repairs exceed $1,000.00. Typi ca 1 loans cover the expense of roof replacements, room add it ions, and kitchen modern i zat i on. In some cases, complete homes have been reconstructed on existing foundations, should the deterioration of the existing house warrant such. The rehab lending activities presented in Part I described the level of funding over the past planning period. It is anticipated that the same level of funding will be continued in the western half of the City for the 1991-96 planning period. Deteriorated Units - Demolitions According to the Building and Housing Department's estimates, only about 1% (374 units) of the approximately 37,422 housing units on the western side of the City are in truly deteriorating condition with either crumbling foundations, serious dry rot, and/or termite infestation. This stock could be a potential candidate for demolition activity. Approximately 19 single family dwelling units were demolished duri ng the 1 ast p 1 ann i ng peri od due to seri ous deteri orat i on. If deteriorating units cannot be economically salvaged through rehabi 1 itat i on efforts, the City wi 11 cont i nue to i nst i tute demolition to ameliorate serious health and safety concerns. Demol itions 1985-88 10 1989 6 1990 -1 Total 19 I I -12 ~-55 Minor Rehabilitation Those items which can be classified as minor "fix-it" items, such as replacing hot water heater safety valves, window and door replacement, painting, weatherstripping, minor electrical and plumbing repairs are the focus of the City initiated proactive program of inspection commenced in late 1987. This proactive approach is a preventative program that sets rules and guidel ines, and thereby seeks to educate citizens about code enforcement in an effort to correct problems before significant deterioration occurs. Since 1985, there have been several neighborhoods annexed (i .e. Montgomery) that are acutely problematic. Therefore, as part of the proactive inspection program, the Building Department has set monthly goa 1 s for its inspection teams, con cent rat i ng on the foll owi ng neighborhoods all south of "L" Street in the Montgomery Area: Woodlawn Park Otay Town Connelly Park Broadway/Malta Square Bay Vista Harborside This community suffered from serious neglect of publ ic services, and haphazard regulation for years while it was in unincorporated San Diego County. The results are neighborhoods with a great deal of deferred maintenance, non-conforming zoning violations, and a high concentration of low-income rental housing (refer to project location map). For this reason, both the departments of Building and Housing and Community Development have initiated a special program emphasis in rehabil itat i ng thi s area through the use of CDBG funds for either capital improvements, sidewalks, street widening, new street lights or community facility enhancement such as the expansion of open space and parks and neighborhood clean-up and trash remova 1 days subsi di zed by the Neighborhood Revitalization Program. These mini-programs give Code Enforcement Officers the opportunity to educate neighbors, property owners and resident-tenants on the value of Code compliance in maintaining high neighborhood health and safety standards, and sponsoring community pride. Monthlv InsDections Monthly inspections are structured around the following three areas: 1. Housing (Overcrowding) 2. Health and Safety Items (Inadequate Sanitation Facilities) 3. Property Violations (Illegal Conversions) Annual volumes of code violations are currently being internally monitored to more accurately track the location, level, and type of violations occurring in the City. According to the recDrds for 1989, approximately 247 housing-related code violations were cited in single family residential Il-13 ~-5'- neighborhoods. Approximately 42 of the 247 citations involved issues of overcrowding, 61 citations involved the improper use of vehicles, shacks, garages or RV's as permanent housing facilities, but 144 citations involved the following items, most of which were in neighborhoods south of L Street: Health and Safety Items (i.e. inadequate sanitation) 12% Minor "fix-it" repairs (leaky roofs, and deferred maintenance under $500) 6% Vermin Infestations (rats, roaches, maggots) 8% Property Violations 32% (zoning violations, encroachments, and construction without a permit) Sub-Total 58% The NeiQhborhood Revitalization ProQram CNRPI The NRP focuses on the code enforcement of property standards whi ch are based on " . . . condit ions affecting the general appearance, health and safety of the occupants, and are enforced as zoning regulations." In effect, these guidel ines establish the City's property maintenance standards. The concentration of these efforts has been to enhance the aesthetics of the neighborhood, educate inhabitants of code enforcement activities, inform residents of available low cost financing for rehabilitation projects involving at least $1,500 and up to $90,000, and to help coordinate trash removal and general neighborhood clean-up activities including inoperative vehicle removals. Again the departments of Building and Housing and Community Development have initiated this program in the neighborhoods south of "L" Street to augment the efforts of code enforcement and rehabilitation lending activities in these areas. B. SPECIAL NEED POPULATIONS B.l The Elderlv and the Disabled The elderly and disabled population comprise about 20% of the population in Chula Vista or 26.536 persons. The previous discussion on homeowner over-payment suggests that this popul at ion is not as burdened by mortgage payments as some family households may be. Additionally, during the years between 1971-1985, 45% of the affordable housing produced was targeted toward elderly and disabled households. In the last II -14 J -S 1- five years, 35% of the affordable housing produced benefited low-income seniors and the disabled households. Another 33% of all Section 8 housing assistance went to low-income seniors. These efforts are laudable, and clearly show senior housing being addressed in some what greater proportion to the expressed need. At this time, many of the senior housing projects located south of L Street reported high (over 8%) vacancy rates. The high vacancy rate among senior density bonus projects monitored by the City may be the result of one of two things: the current supply of these units exceeds the demand for them; or these units may be in an inappropriate 1 ocat ion. The demographi cs of the census tract where these seniors density bonus projects exist indicate a high concentration of minority households and a low median age. 8.2 Homeless Families According to a report by the Regional Task Force On The Homeless prepared in 1988 for the South Bay Region of San Diego, "... homeless families and a limited number of single adults may receive vouchers for a two-week stay in selected motels through local social service agencies. During periods of shelter voucher availability, an average of five single adults and twenty-five family family members can be found in two participating motels in Chula Vista each night. During a recent two month shelter voucher peri od, nearl y half of the 177 separate individuals sheltered were children." According to the statistics provided in the RHNS, 60% of the homeless population (350-500) in the South Bay are families, an additional 5% of whom are children. 8.3 SinQle-headed Households Single individuals with dependent children represent an important group with special housing needs. The proportion of single-parent households with children forms a significant portion of lower-income households "in need". Single parent households require special consideration and assistance because they have a greater need for day care, health care, and related facilities. (SANDAG:RHNS:page 137) A rental survey conducted by Community Development of assisted housing projects revealed that most family rental units were not aided by Section 8 certificates, while up to 40% of the senior units were. Thus, family units were not receiving the level of subsidy required to guarantee that no more than 30% of household income was spent on housing costs. Waiting lists for Section 8 certificates are the longest for family housing units. Loca 1 est imates from SANDAG suggest that 7.3% of the City 's total household population for 1990 are headed by single individuals for a total household population of 3.520. 1 I -15 .J-Sf B.4 LarQe Families There are other sub-populations within the City which are being under-served, notably 1 arge famil ies with incomes below 80% of median. Almost all family housing produced in Chula Vista, with the exception of 24 Publ ic Housing and Section 8 subsidized units, are not truly affordable to this group. Social service providers have testified that large families have the most difficult time finding affordable housing. In 1980, 13% of the Chula Vista population were comprised of 1 arge fami 1 i es of fi ve or more people. Absent better data, SANDAG has assumed that the same percentage of 1 arge fami 1 ies exist in the 1990 population. The large family household population in Chula Vista is expected to be 6.269 in 1990. One can assume that if families have a difficult time finding affordab 1 e hous i ng the s ituat i on becomes worse as the fami 1 y size increases, and the family is within a lower income group. B.5 Farmworkers and Dav Workers Due to the rapid suburbanization of Chula Vista, only 5% of the county's agri cultura 1 employment base is 1 eft in the area. Approximately 1% of the labor force is currently classified as farmworkers or day 1 aborers many of whom may work on small construction jobs. An estimated total of 234 people, mostly single-men, are thus described. Many of these people may at various times also be counted among the homeless as they drift in and out of work. (SANDAG RHNS page 19) B.6 Mobilehome Park Residents and Relocation County-wi de, mobilehomes account for 4 percent of the total housing stock. In Chula Vista, mobilehomes account for approximately 7% of the housing stock. Currently, two parks have given notice of their intent to convert the park to another commerc i a 1 use wi thi n the next p 1 ann i ng peri od. These two park owners are in the process of complying with the City's Mobilehome Park Relocation Ordinance provisions which were previously discussed in Part 1. While some units may be last through these conversions at least the hardship of relocation is mitigated by the mandatory compliance by owner to the mobilehome relocation ordinance. 11-16 ~"'5' TABLE 8 CITY OF CHULA VISTA SPECIAL HOUSING POPULATIONS - NEED INDICATORS AUGUST 1990 Estimated Population Estimated Occupied Households 133,760 48,225 The following table enumerates the populations which present special housing needs. Previous sections of the report have already described the unmet needs of populations within the eastern territories, and among census tracts with the highest concentrations of minority populations. Elderly Population Estimated % Estimated Estimated of Total Individuals Households 10% 13,376 10% 13,160 13% 6,269 7.3% 3,520 350-500 255 107 22 22 22 Handicapped Population Large Famil ies Single-Head of HH (Families) (Female HH) Homeless (Regional) Families Single Persons Children Substance Abusers Menta 11 y III Household Ethnicity HispaniC Asian Black White 29% 38,790 9% 12,038 2% 2,675 60% 80,256 200 3,453 234 9,602(1) Military Households Mobilehome Park Households Farmworkers College-Student Population Source: SANDAG Regional Housing Need Statement, August 1990 1. Based on est i mated popul at i on for 1989 Census Des i gnated PI aces (CDP) which use slightly different data boundaries than actual incorporated areas. I I -17 ;) - ~() B.7 Student Population Chula Vista is the location of one community college named Southwestern College with an enrollment of approximately 9,602. The college director indicated that in times of recession, full and part-time enrollment is expected to increase as adults re-enter school to enhance employment skills needed in the work force. While most of these community college students commute from outside the area, some do compete for local housing along with other low-income groups. C. AT-RISK HOUSING There are three types of housing potentially at risk during the next planning period as shown in the following table: Potential At-Risk Housing 645 total units Family Units - HUD 236 Family Non-236 Units Elderly Units 386 units 227 units 32 units C.l Familv Units - HUO 236 Contracts In 1968, HUO developed the 236 program that provided both mortgage insurance and mortgage interest reduction to any for-profit or non-profit developer who agreed to build affordable housing units for families. Typically, the contracts for these projects included a 40 year mortgage which could be prepaid after 20 years, and if prepayment occurs, then the project no longer has an affordability requirement. This prepayment opt i on only app 1 i ed to for-profit developers. Unfortunately, HUO did not consider the consequences of this prepayment option, and as a result, the nation now faces a seri ous threat to its ava i 1 ab 1 e stock of affordable hous i ng. In 1987, this threat was brought to the attention of the federal government, and Congress passed the Emergency Low-Income Housing Preservation Act (ELIHPA). This Act prec 1 uded any prepayment unt i 1 February of 1990, and in February, the Act was extended until new permanent legislation could be adopted. In 1990, the National Affordable Housing Act was passed, and this Act included the Low-Income Housing Preservation and Resident Homeownership Act (LIHPRHA). LIHPRHA wi 11 provi de a permanent sol ut i on to the preservat i on probl em if it is adequately funded. Chula Vista has four projects which were HUD financed using the 236 program. Currently, two of these projects have filed a Notice of Intent which states that they intend to prepay their mortgages. In reality, these projects probably will not be able to prepay since both ELIHPA and LIHPRHA have strict requirements for prepayment. Under LIHPRHA, these property owners can elect to proceed under ELIHPA or LIHPRHA. 11-18 J..", Nonetheless, both acts require an owner to prove that termination of the affordable units will not materially increase economic hardship for current tenants (which generally means annual rent increases of less than 10%); will not involuntarily displace current tenants; or will not adversely affect affordable housing opportunities for low-income and very low-income families, including those families seeking employment in the area, and minorities. Both ELIHPA and LIHPRHA state that these units should be acquired by either a non-profit or a publ ic agency whenever possible. Undoubtedly, the acquisition costs of these units will be high. Nonetheless, both laws provide acquisition incentives to non-profits and public agencies, but LIHPRHA mandates that the following incentives be given: (I) insurance for financing up to 95 percent of the preservation equity (equ ity as determi ned by HUD) under the HUD Sect i on 241 (f) program; (2) grants up to the present val ue of the total of the projected publ ished Fair Market Rents for Section 8 Existing Housing for the next 10 years (or longer, if necessary); (3) reimbursement for transaction expenses relating to acquisition, such as ordinary transaction costs, financing fees and ope rat i ng defic it coverage. Subject to appropri at ions, LlHPRHA also states that HUD must provide assistance sufficient to enable acquisition at a purchase price not greater than the HUD defined preservation value, to pay the debt service of the mortgage and debt service on any rehabilitation loan, to meet project operating expenses and adequate reserves, and to receive an adequate return on any cash investment made to acquire the project. The approxi mate cost of acqu is it i on for all four complexes is $26 million. This figure was determined by using the Section 8 Fair Market Rents and a gross rent multiplier of 8. These "at-ri sk" projects should be preserved, whenever possible, since it would be impossible for the City to replace these 1 ost units. The City has already rece i ved the not i ce to prepay from two owners, and the other two projects can fi 1 e thei r not ices in March of 1991. The owners of these bu i 1 ders are receiving very small rents since the average rent for a two bedroom apartment is $292, and for the most part, they have burned the i r tax deprec i at i on benefits. Therefore, it is very 1 ikely that they may attempt to sell or prepay. As a result, the City should be prepared for whatever these owners decide to do with their affordable housing projects. 11-19 ~-,~ C.2 Non-236 Housinq Units At-Risk In addition to the HUD-236 assisted projects at-risk, Chu1a Vi sta has a number of units at ri sk under the City density bonus program. Thirty-two units of senior housing may be at risk in 1992 (Moss Street #16), and 227 family units in 4 projects. (Project Location Map # 1,10,18,26) Generally speaking, the senior projects built under the density bonus program are 1 ess at ri sk of convers i on to market rents due to the Conditional Use Permits under which they operate. In order to grant a conversion, the owner would have to underwrite a considerable expense to bring the senior projects into code compliance mainly for parking requirements. The family density bonus projects are built to normal code requ i rements and as such are more "at ri sk" . A total of 227 units of family housing are potentially" at risk" but as most of these units currently have unit rents at or near to prevailing market rates, the real impact of losing truly affordable housing is minimal. Conclusion Th is sect i on was intended to i dent i fy segments wi th i n the City that wi 11 impact the compet it i on for a ffordab 1 e hous i ng. The demand is important as each group often competes for the same type of limited low cost housing. The limited supply of affordable housing units is compounded by the lower incomes associated with the special need populations. A greater effort must be made to provide truly low-income family housing opportunities to address these under-served populations. D. PROJECTED NEEDS D.l Introduction/Current Estimates Since the beginning of the last Element's planning period in 1985, the San Diego Region has experienced fairly rapid and consistent population growth at an average of 3.6% per year, coup 1 ed with an average growth in the number of hous i ng un i ts of 3.7% as illustrated in Table 11. By comparison, Chu1a Vista has generally paralleled the region with average growth Il-20 ~","3 TABLE 9 POPULATION GROWTH CHULA VISTA AND SAN DIEGO REGION 1985-1990 Year (Jan 1) Chula Vista as a Chula Vista San DieGo ReGion % of the ReGion 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 91,166 2,102,502 4.3% 116,295* 1,165,457 5.4%* 120,285 2,248,482 5.3% 124,253 2,327,684 5.3% 128,028 2,418,176 5.3% 131.603 2.509,914 5.2% 40,437 407,412 44.3 (18.6) 19.4 Total Increase: % Increase: *Also reflects the Montgomery annexation Source: State Dept. of Finance Annual Jan. 1 estimates TABLE 10 TOTAL HOUSING GROWTH CHULA VISTA AND SAN DIEGO REGION 1985-1990 Year Chula Vista as a (Jan 11 Chula Vista San DieGo Reqion % of the ReGion 1985 33,544 787,210 4.3% 1986 43,951* 821,228 5.4%* 1987 45,101 857,098 5.3% 1988 47,696 894,333 5.3% 1989 48,691 921,940 5.3% 1990 49.863 946.362 5.3% Total Increase: 16,319 159,152 % Increase: 48.6 (22.8) 20.2 *Also reflects the Montgomery annexation Source: State Dept. of Finance Annual Jan. 1 estimates TABLE 11 PERCENTAGE RELATIONSHIP POPULATION AND HOUSING GROWTH CHULA VISTA AND SAN DIEGO REGION 1985-1990 Year % Chanqe POP Reqion C.V. % Chanqe Housinq Reqion C.V. 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 Averages: 3.0% 3.8% 3.5% 3.9% 3.8% 3.6% 4.9%* 3.4% 3.3% 3.0% 2.8% 3.5% 4.3% 4.4% 4.3% 3.1% 2.6% 3.7% 5.2%* 2.6% 5.7% 2.1% 2.4% 3.6% *Excludes the Montgomery annexation. 1 I -21 ~-,t rates for popul at i on and hous i ng over the 5 year peri od bei ng 0.1% higher than regional rates. Tables 9 and 10 provide the actual numerical growth in establ ishing the current population and housing totals for 1990. The figures in parenthesis under "% increase" represent the actual growth percentage without influence from the Montgomery Annexation in late 1985. In further establishing the status of current conditions, Table 12 has been provided to illustrate the changes in Chula Vista's housing supply, by type, since 1985. As indicated by the footnote, the re 1 at i ve overall increase of 48.6% is i nfl uenced by the Montgomery Annexation which included approximately 8,670 housing units and 23,500 persons according to City records. The 22.8% in parenthesis represents the actual new growth excluding existing units annexed with Montgomery. As indicated by the bottom entries in the Table, while Chula Vista's overall housing stock has a slightly greater percentage of single family than multiple-family units (51.9% vs. 41.2%), the unit growth from 1985-1990 reflects a trend toward greater balance, with new multi-family units exceeding single family (50.5% vs. 40.7%). TABLE 12 HOUSING SUPPLY CITY OF CHULA VISTA 1985-1990 Single 2-4 5 or more Mobile Total Vacant Total Year Familv Un its Units Homes Occupied Un it s Units 1985 19,265 2,985 9,279 2,015 32,328 1,216 33,544 1986* 23,089 3,379 14,013 3,470 42,250 1,701 43,951 1987 23,641 3,396 14,569 3,495 43,948 1,153 45,101 1988 24,913 3,596 15,587 3,600 45,692 2,004 47,696 1989 25,388 3,784 16,003 3,566 47,006 1,685 48,691 1990 25,901 3,931 16,578 3,453 48,225 1,638 49,863 Total Change: 6,636 946 7,299 1,438 15,897 16,319 % Total Change: 40.7 5.8 44.7 8.8 48.6* (22.8) % Total Housing 51.9 8.0 33.2 6.9 Stoc k: *Also reflects the Montgomery Annexation Source: City Hous i ng Inventory, State Dept. of Fi nance annual Jan. I estimates. 11-22 ~""5 D.2 PODulation and HousinQ Growth Forecasts The San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) is the pri mary agency respons i b 1 e for the product i on of popul at i on, housing, employment, and land use projections for the San Diego regi on. I n order to respond to chang i ng economi c and employment conditions affecting population influx and the related needs for housing, SANDAG periodically produces updates to its forecast model s, the most recent of which is the Series 7 Regional Growth Forecast for 1986-2010. The foreCast consists of two basic parts, the first being development of the regional projections for population, housing, and employment const itut i ng the overall expected demand for jobs and hous i ng. The second part involves the process of distributing the expected population, employment, land use growth, and the related job/housing needs amongst the region's communities. The following tables and discussion present the Series 7 Forecasts, adopted by local jurisdictions, and provide a compari son of expected regi ona 1 growth i n reI at i on to that anticipated for Chula Vista and its General Planning Area. The comparison to the General Planning Area (GPA) is offered, since the figures projected for the "city only" in Series 7 are fixed within the 1986 municipal boundary. Since Chula Vista has annexed territory, and plans at least one additional annexation with i n th is Hous i ng El ement' s hori zon, the GPA fi gures offer a more realistic picture for overall growth expectations. As indicated in Table 13, the Chula Vista GPA's population is expected to increase by 44.7% between 1986 and 2010; an increase of 57,749 people. At only 1% less than the 45.7% for the re9ion, Chula Vista will continue to pace itself to regional indicators, similar to the 1985-90 activity previously presented. TABLE 13 PROJECTED POPULATION GROWTH CHULA VISTA AND SAN DIEGO REGION 1986-2010 Total Increase 1986 1995 2000 2010 # % Chula Vista 116,430 132,304 140,682 158,112 41,682 35.8 Chula Vista GPA 129,159 150,878 161,997 186,908 57,749 44.7 San Diego Region 2,165,689 2,585,134 2,784,195 3,154,490 988,801 45.7 Source: SANDAG Series 7 Regional Growth Forecast II -23 ~ - lit, In conjunction with population growth estimates, Series 7 also projects and distributes figures for expected growth in the number of housing units. Table 14 identifies these projections and again offers comparisons between Chula Vista, its GPA, and the Region. While the City GPA's rate of increase is projected to be slightly less than that of the Region (53.7% vs. 57.3%), the expected increase of 24,719 housing units will continue to keep pace with population increases shown in Table 13. TABLE 14 PROJECTED HOUSING GROWTH CHULA VISTA AND SAN DIEGO REGION 1986-2010 Chula Vista Chula Vista GPA San Diego Region Source: SANDAG Series 7 Regional Growth Forecast Related to both population and housing growth is the expected growth in employment within the region. In order that adequate housing be provided, the issue of jobs/housing balance be addressed, and an understanding of household economics as it ultimately relates to affordability be gained, projections of employment become important. Table 15 provides a 20-year projection of employment growth by sector for the Chula Vista GPA. The far right hand column indicates the employment profi 1 e for 1995 since that year best coi nci des with th i s Housing Element's planning horizon of 1996. Total Increase 1986 1995 2000 2010 # % 42,203 50,251 54,027 60,950 18,747 44.4 46,068 56,088 60,956 70,787 24,719 53.7 771,082 964,764 1,058,179 1,212,773 441,691 57.3 TABLE 15 PROJECTED EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR CHULA VISTA GPA 1986-2010 1986-2010 Increase % Total Sector 1986 1995 2000 2010 -1 % Emolovment 1995 Agriculture 533 533 533 533 0 0 1.1% Manufacturing 7557 8599 8848 9306 1749 23.1 18.3% Wholesale 1443 1639 1746 1958 515 35.7 3.5% Transportation 445 580 652 827 382 85.8 1. 2% Hotel/Motel 332 332 358 424 92 27.7 0.8% Reg i ona 1 Govt. 877 957 1007 1112 235 26.8 2.0% Retail Trade 9666 11625 12661 15805 6136 63.5 24.7% Retail Service 7203 8849 9730 12358 5155 71.6 18.8% Business Service 1757 2369 2713 3502 1745 99.3 5.0% F. I. R. E. 1676 2048 2395 3370 1694 101.1 4.4% Loca 1 Govt. 5609 7113 7593 8497 2888 51. 5 15.1% Other 2273 2396 2560 2863 590 26.0 5.1% TOTAL 39371 47040 50796 60552 21181 53.8 II -24 d' " 1- As seen in Table IS, local planning area employment is projected to increase by 21,181 jobs or 53.8% by the year 2010, with the greatest numeric increases occurring in the retail trade and service sectors (6136 and 5155 jobs respectively). In 1995, 43.5% of the Planning Area employment will be in retail tr.ade and services, with the next largest sector being manufacturing (18.3%). Given that retail trade and service jobs are traditionally lower paying, the impact of affordability in the local housing market may be magnified, assumi ng that those retail trade and servi ce employees al so reside within the community. 0.3 Chu1a Vista Share of the ReQion's HousinQ Needs As requ i red by State Hous i ng E1 ement Law, SANDAG, in conjunction with the State Department of Housing and Community Development, has prepared an update of the Regional Housing Needs Statement (RHNS) for the 1990-1996 planning period. The RHNS serves to define the Region's existing and projected housing needs, and to equitably distribute the needs for all economi c segments of the market amongst the 1 oca 1 it i es. The purpose is to ensure that all juri sdi ct ions share the respons i bil ity for addressi ng regi ona 1 hous i ng needs, and to avoid concentrat ion of 1 ower- income househol ds in areas where high proportions of such housing already exist. All jurisdictions have adopted the current RHNS, and State Law requires that each jurisdiction's Housing Element contain provisions for addressing its allocated share of Regional need. The RHNS estab 1 i shes two forms of hous i ng need all ocat i on to jurisdictions; Regional Share and Fair Share. Regional Share (Table 16) identifies needs for new construction housing units for all income groups (very low, low, moderate, and above moderate), and is the allocation the Housing Element is required to address by State Law. Fair Share (Table 17) is established solely by SANDAG, and identifies the number of lower-income households needing assistance. In conjunction with the Fair Share allocation, SANDAG has developed as-year performance goal figure amounting to about 12.5% of total lower-income needs, which serves as a benchmark for the minimum number of households each jurisdiction should assist. As illustrated in Table 16, Regional Share allocations apply to the period starting January 1989. In the RHNS, SANDAG proportionately reduced the allocations for the period from July 1991 to July 1996 to assist local jurisdictions, since that period closely coincides with local Housing Element update timeframes. While this adjusted figure provides a benchmark, actual local allocations for the 7/91-7/96 period must be determined by subtracting actual local housing construction activity for 1/89 to 7/91, by income group, from the January 1989 total allocation figure. In Chu1a Vista's case, total construction activity for the period exceeded SANDAG's interpolation by 1,243 units, and thereby would constitute a reduction of the Regional Share allocation figures shown in the RHNS. The revised remainder of needed construction activity by income group is shown in the right hand column, and in part, forms the basis for the City's Quantified Assistance Objectives and Housing program proposals contained in Part 3. 11-25 ~ _, f As shown, Chula Vista was originally allocated 3.3% of the Region's new construction needs, or 5354 units between 1/89 and 7/96, which based on a 1/1/89 City estimate of 48,691 units, represents a 1.5% annual increase. The ability for Chula Vista to accommodate the remaining 2326 Regional Share units for the 7/91 to 7/96 period is discussed with the Resource Inventory on page 26. TABLE 16 REGIONAL SHARE ALLOCATION CHULA VISTA AND SAN DIEGO REGION 1989-1996 REGIONAL NEEDS STATEMENT(I} Region Actual City(2} City Regional Allocation by Chula Vista 1/89 to C. V. as Construction Share Balance Income GrOUD 1/89 to 7/96 7/96 % Reoion 1/89 to 7/91 7/91 to 7/96 Very Low (23%) 1,232 37,313 3.3 1,232 Low (l7%) 910 27,579 3.3 282 628 Moderate (21%) 1,124 34,068 3.3 993 131 Other (39%) 2.088 63.269 3.3 1.753 ~ TOTAL 5,354 162,229 3,028 2,326 (I) Based on SANDAG Regional Housing Needs Statement - Table A, July 1990. (2) Based on City records, and construction activity in accordance with State Department of Finance annual reportin9. Table 17 illustrates Chula Vista's Fair Share allocation for lower-income household assistance, and provides the 5-year goal for programs to reach at 1 east 1,058 househol ds, or approximately 212 households per year. In difference to Regional Share, Fair Share goals also include assistance from programs other than new construction such as rehabilitation and Section 8 assistance. Chula Vista's allocation of 4.9% of the region's total lower income households is determined relative to past income, housing, employment, and population trends as provided in SANDAG's RHNS. TABLE 17 FAIR SHARE HOUSING NEEDS STATEMENT CHULA VISTA AND SAN DIEGO REGION 1991-1996 Existing "Fair Share" Households Growth "Fair Share" Households Total "Fair Share" Households Chula Vista as % of Reoion Five-Year Goals Chula Vista 7,905 SO Region 161,320 561 12,467 8,466 173,787 4.9 1,058 21,728 II -26 ;1..'1 III. RESOURCES A. INTRODUCTION/OVERVIEW Of equal or greater importance to the identification of existing and projected housing needs, is the communities ability, through its land use and infrastructure base, to accommodate these needs. In order to meet the existing and future demand for dwelling units, an adequate number of appropri ate 1 y zoned and pub 1 i c 1 y served bu i 1 ding sites must be available within the community. The following section presents the activities of the Chula Vista General Plan Update, and illustrates the adequacy of Chula Vista's land base, facilities, and projected development schedules to respond to the anticipated hous i ng needs of all segments of the popul at i on, in accordance with projected income distributions identified by SANDAG's Regional Share allocation in Table 16. B. CHULA VISTA GENERAL PLAN UPDATE On July 11, 1989, the City Council, after two years of work, adopted the first comprehensive update of the City's General Plan in 15 years. The revised General Plan provides guidance for the City's development through the year 2010, and for the first time designates urbanizing land use patterns for buildout of the entire Planning Area. It represents the potent i a 1 for sign i fi cant growth, and is based on a "balanced community" concept provi ding for development of a variety of residential densities in conjunction with commercial, industrial, and recreational development. The Udpate also incorporated major revisions to several facilities master plans including circulation, wastewater, drainage, schools, and fire stations, and added a Growth Management Element which defines the City's commitment to ensuri ng adequate provi s i on of faci 1 it i es and services in conjunction with growth. Tables 18 and 19 indicate the population, housing, and overall land use growth projections contained in the General Plan Update, and illustrate Chula Vista's ability to continue to provide for its share of the region's housing need s . TABLE 18 POPULATION AND HOUSING PROJECTIONS CHULA VISTA GENERAL PLANNING AREA 1988-2010 1986- 1986 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2010 Population: Total 131,294 142,700 158,800 177,200 197,050 209,600 Change 11 ,406 16,100 18,400 19,800 12,550 78,306 Ave. Annl.Chg. 2,851 3,220 3,680 3,970 2,510 3,246 Housinq: Total 48,609 53,570 60,420 67,920 75,911 80,945 Change 4,961 6,850 7,500 7,991 5,034 32,336 Ave. Annl.Chg. 1,240 1,370 1,500 1,598 1,007 1,343 Source: Chula Vista General Pl an Update - Scenario 4, P&D Technologies 11-27 Ol~?-O As can be seen in Table 18, bu i 1 dout project ions through the year 2010 indicate an increase of 32,336 housing units, (67%) and a population growth of 78,306 (60%). These increases in housing units and popul at i on wi 11 actually exceed the expected rates of growth forecast for Chula Vista's GPA in SANDAG's Series 7 as shown in Tables 13 and 14. TA8LE 19 PLANNING AREA LAND USE ACREAGE CHULA VISTA GENERAL PLAN UPDATE Existing City Land Use 1988 (acres) Total General Update Land Use (acres) Increase 1988-2010 (acres) Residential Commercial Industrial Public, Quasi-Public and Open Space* *Includes streets, vacant land, and water. Source: City Land Use Inventory; General Plan Update, P&D Technologies. 5,621 804 1,278 9,721 19,328 1,431 2,404 21,254 I3,707 627 1,126 11 , 533 C. LAND USE/RESOURCE INVENTORY In order to more specifically determine the amount of acreage available for residential development at various densities, the City conducted an inventory of sites using its computerized Land Use Inventory which contains information regarding the land use, general plan, and zoning designations (among other data) for all lands within the Planning Area. The analysis was performed in two parts, the first looking at availability of land already within the City and substantially served by existing infrastructure including vacant land, underutilized land, and land regulated under specific master plans such as EastLake. The second part analyzed lands outside the existing City limits but within the Planning Area and for which annexat i on into the City coul d occur withi n the hori zon of thi s Element. Tables 20, 21, and 22 provide the results of this inventory analys i s and demonstrate Chul a Vi sta' s abi 1 ity to accommodate its new construction needs for all income groups. 11-28 :J.-' 1-1 TABLE 20 RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION CAPACITY VACANT AND UNDERUTILIZED LAND CHULA VISTA CITY LIMITS 1990 Under- Utilized Land Total Residential Vacant Potent i a 1 Potential Potent i a 1 Densitv ZoninQ Districts Acres Un its Units Units Low RE, R-I-I5 32.61 69 13 82 (0-3 du/ac) Low-Medium R-I-I0, R-l, 154.51 569 157 726 (3-6 du/ac) R-I-5 Medium R2, R2T, R2X, 9.99 119 377 496 (6-11 du/ac) R3L Med. High R3M, R3T, R3G 2.28 35 66 101 (11-18 du/ac) High R3 8.58 203 2267 2470 (18-27+ du/ac) TOTALS 995 2880 3875 It should be noted that the number of potential units indicated have been derived using general density formulas and are subject to change predicated upon actual project proposals, and the outcome of the General Plan/Zoning Consistency Study discussed on page 30. Since this study is in its initial phases, impacts to unit capacity under existing zoning have not yet been determined. Table 21 illustrates the residential building capacity of lands within the City regulated under project master plans utilizing the Planned Community Zone (PC). As previously mentioned, the majority of vacant land within the City's eastern territories is held under 5 large ownerships, each employing the master planned community format. II - 29 ;)-~;;. TABLE 21 RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION CAPACITY MASTER PLANNED PROJECTS CHULA VISTA CITY LIMITS 1990 Low Medium Med. High Low (3-6 (6-11 ( 11-18 (18-27+ Proiect (0-3 acl du/acl du/acl du/acl du/acl Totals EastLake Village Ctr 405 405 EastLake Greens 97 944 919 814 2774 EastLake Trail s 1260 1260 EastLake I II 746 255 260 374 200 1835 Sun bow 1128 160 444 214 1946 Rancho del Rey I 66 701 462 975 2204 Rancho del Rey II 533 243 776 Rancho del Rey III 314 838 228 1380 Salt Creek I 169 237 144 550 Woodcrest S.W. 54 54 Woodcrest T.N. 123 230 353 TOTALS: 909 5358 3242 3209 819 13,537 In addition to the previous resources, the City also has two master planned projects currently under review within the Planning Area which plan to annex; Salt Creek Ranch and Rancho San Miguel. Salt Creek Ranch has received initial approval, and will be moving toward tentative map review within the next year. Rancho San Miguel is still in the preliminary planning stages, but could see some construction prior to 1996. Table 22 indicates the residential capacity associated with each project. TABLE 22 RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION CAPACITY MASTER PLANNED PROJECTS CHULA VISTA PLANNING AREA 1990 Low Low Med. Medium Proiect (0-3 du/acl (3-6 du/ac) (6-11 du/acl Salt Creek Ranch 869 1442 405 Rancho San Miguel 1522 ~ TOTALS: 2391 1538 405 Totals 2716 1618 4334 Cumulatively, the results of the resource analysis indicate that within existing zoned and served land, and land regulated by approved master planned projects, sufficient residential construction capacity exists to accommodate the housing needs allocated to Chula Vista by SANDAG's Regional Share distributions. II-3D ;J - =t3 IV. CONSTRAINTS A. OVERVIEW As required by State law, this section of the Housing Element includes an identification and discussion of various constraints, both unique to and beyond the community, that may inhibit the development, maintenance, or improvement of housing for all income levels. There are two primary realms of possible constraints; governmenta 1 and non -governmenta 1. Governmental constra i nts address such matters as land use controls, building codes and enforcement, site improvement requirements, permits and processing procedures, and fees and other exactions. Non-governmental constraints include such issues as availability of financing, price of land, and costs of construction. B. GOVERNMENTAL CONSTRAINTS B.l land Use Controls The various policies and regulations contained in the City's Genera 1 Pl an and Zoni ng Ordi nance have a direct impact on the ability to provide not only affordable housing, but housing for all income groups. Excessive constraints exercised through inadequate 1 and use and zon i ng opportunit i es to provi de a wi de vari ety of types and dens it i es of hous i ng can preclude the attainment of housing objectives. As previously illustrated in the "Resource Inventory" discussion (pgs. 26-29), the City's recently updated General Plan designates substantial areas of vacant land for residential development at a variety of densities, and additional multi-family units are represented by underutilized land in the older central area. Much of the vacant land is proposed for development under the "Planned Community (PC) Zone" which permits the use of flexible development standards, and tailored density and unit type mixes. In addition to the PC zone, the Zoning Ordinance provides for a wide variety of residential uses, including its exclusive Mobilehome Park (MHP) zone, and further supports affordable housing through its density bonus provisions, and re 1 ated allowances for reduced or mod i fi ed standards through the Precise Plan (P) modifying district. Additionally, the Ordinance provides for mixed use development, and the construction of residential projects in certain commercial zones. Conclusively, the City's land Use controls do not at this time present significant constraints to meeting housing objectives, and actually provide a generally supportive framework. General Plan/Zonina Consistency Study When the General Plan Update was adopted in July 1989, evaluation was undertaken for the older areas of the City west of Interstate 805 to determine in what specific areas the new 11-31 ~-~"" General Plan and the existing zoning were not in full consistency as required by State law. The result was identification of several areas primarily within the Central Commun ity, where zon i ng confl i cts were present. The City is currently in the process of performing detailed analysis of these areas in developing a recommended course of actions, involving both general plan amendments and rezonings, to achieve required consistency. Where potential residential density reductions arise, the City will evaluate their impact on affordable housing provision prior to reaching a final recommendation for action. In order that the intents of the updated General Plan be recognized while the Consistency Study is undertaken, the City Council adopted an interim measure to address processing of project proposal s in affected areas. Where projects propose imp 1 ementat ion in accordance wi th exi st i ng zoni ng in confl i ct with the new General Plan, the measure requires a general plan amendment to be processed. Otay Water District Allocation Proqram One of two water districts serving the Chula Vista Planning Area, Otay Water District recently adopted an allocation program due to existing infrastructure inadequacies involving distribution and terminal storage facilities. Scheduled completion of an additional supply pipel ine to the South Bay area in 1994-95 will correct inadequacies. In the interim, the District has restricted annual water allocation for development to approximately 1,900 units. Otay's projections indicate Chula Vista will receive between 700-1000 units/year of this total district-wide allocation, which compares favorably with the 714 units/year average derived from the RHNS' Regional Share (Table 16). Additionally, the western half of the City is served by the Sweetwater Authority which has no such restrictions on water availability. B.2 Growth Hanaqement In order to ensure the adequate and timely provision of facilities and services in conjunction with growth, Chula Vista has adopted growth management provi s ions through a three-part effort consisting of the following: a. Threshold Standards: Provide performance criteria and standards for eleven (11) public facilities and services which must be maintained with growth. Annual City-wide reviews are conducted by an oversight group to monitor compliance. b. Growth Manaqement Element: Pl an Update in Apri 1 1989. objectives, and policies residents quality-of-life. Incorporated with the General Sets forth the City's goal, related to protection of 11-32 ;)- ~5 c. Growth Manaqement Proqram: Currently in draft form and under City Council review it serves as the implementing mechanism. Provides guidelines for relating development phasing to facil ities master plans at the project level, and establishes performance requirements for facilities guarantees at various stages of project planning and review. Because Growth Management efforts are primarily targeted to the City's Eastern Territori es, and several of the 1 arge developments there had approved development agreements prior to the Program, or have already satisfied program requirements for building permit issuance, direct constraints to housing construction are not anticipated. Current forecasts estimate construction of approximately 1200 units per year, which includes an average 200 units/year of infill on the City's west side generally not affected by the measures. Given Chula Vista's Regional Share of 3,569 units from 7/91 to 7/96, or 714 units/year, total needs can be sufficiently accommodated. However, since the Growth Management Program document is still under review, the City will continue to evaluate potential impacts to housing development as refinements are made. B.3 Buildina Codes and Enforcement The City Building Department administers and enforces the Uniform Building Code which ensures construction in accordance with widely adopted health and safety standards. While the City may establish standards beyond those provided in the Code, these standards do not significantly affect or increase the cost of construction. As previously discussed in the Needs Assessment, the Code Enforcement Divi si on admi ni sters a proactive program of community outreach in attempt to prevent Code violations from reaching a point of costly remedy. B.4 ImDrovement Reauirements/DeveloDment Standards The City has a variety of requirements establ ished by both the Zon i ng Ordi nance, and plans and programs admi n i stered by the Engineering Department. The majority of these requirements are those necessary to ensure adequate livability and lasting value in housing such as sewers, streets, curb-gutter-sidewalk, 1 ighting, drainage, recreational open space, parking, etc. While there are definite costs associated to these, they are those which are incidental to the provision of a sound living environment. In such instance that a developer is required to provide improvements which may offer service beyond that of the project, the City has and will use either reimbursement d i stri cts, or other methods of equ itab 1 e compensat i on. In the case of certa in affordable hous i ng projects, such as those for sen i ors, the City has a 11 owed the reduct i on of standards to help offset costs. The City also proposes to consider possible financial participation in the construction of infrastructural improvements as a method of "add it i ona 1 i ncent i ve" under the State's revised Density Bonus Provisions. 11-33 ':1-7'-" 8.5 ProcessinQ. Permits. Fees. and Exactions a. Project Processing The extent and duration of project processing varies widely by type of application. Residential projects requ i ri ng subd i vi s i on of 1 and wi 11 experi ence an extended period of review, and/or those projects which required additional regulatory approvals such as rezonings or conditional use permits. Regardless, the processing required is that necessary to comply with the law and ensure proper and thorough review without comprising environmental quality or public safety. The City has and will continue to use "fast-track" processing to expedite projects, such as those providing affordable housing. This "fast-tracking" can be accomplished primarily in two ways, the first being re-prioritization of work to focus staff resources to these projects. The second is the i nst itut i on of "parallel processing" whereby normally sequential approval processes are run concurrently, such as environmental review, design review, site plan review and architectural plan check. The result is a substantial savings of time in achieving complete project approval and the start of construct i on. However, to date, the app 1 i cat i on of fast-track procedures has not occurred in a consistent manner, and no specific policy or procedures exist for expediting affordable housing project proposals. It is proposed in Part 3, that such pol icies and procedures be developed and implemented. b. Fee Schedules Like many other cit i es in San Di ego County at tempt i ng to deal with substantial improvements to infrastructure and the expansion of services necessary to meet demands induced by rapid growth, Chula Vista has found the need to revise and expand its fees in order to maintain service 1 eve 1 s. Whi 1 e fees have increased, the City has expended great efforts in developing equitable methods to ensure the fees are only those necessary to address the actual impacts of development, and ensure timely implementation of required facilities. Table 23 provides the most recent County wide comparison of processing and impact fees available (1990) as provided by the Construction Industry Federation (CIF), and referenced in SANDAG' s RHNS. As i nd i cated in the table, Chula Vista compares favorably with other jurisdictions of similar size and complexity. To further illustrate Chula Vista's relative position within the region, and provide an estimate of impact useful in constraints assessment, 11-34 ~- ? ':1- PROCESSING tJ , ~ ~ c.tlIIc-.dl12401klt """"""" - - p---j- - . o-gn FWIiIIwI S260 GeneralPIIn 1105001' ArNIr'D1'IenI. 12\00 P\aIV1tIdI~(Jf ~ 11C600 <>_. :1260.~ .--91'1". Qfli10 Sb Plan s:: -"" P..ml (CUP) SpedIIcPla/l ,~ Terna\lVeP~ ... flf'\alPan:::.l ... T...."'" ~... ,,,. ~... FEES 1990/1991 Construction TABLE 23 Industry Federation Regional '<1",..... /"" ,/..t!' -,,*," ~o" ,,;cP ~~ "",0' ~ ~,vI' / .;*" ~rfi'" "'" I 1231 I f.....;;; r~. iUaooil-' I~ t---. , ! S2000d I \~'=-l "ooo~-l ..... : 'IMO. ~----~-: "" ."" ,- "" ._;~ ~-I ...... i I _I .''''' """ 'H." .,.,., ,-- Inm.lStuctt """ '''''''''''''''' "'- - "" ,,,. '''', .."" ,.., ,.., 'HlOO 11190 ~. 'HlOO $1190 ~. "'" ~. S300 "00 . . $596+120; $500. 1\oI.-45Ocl; $5tICIl S300 $'201\01+ "00d "500 11780. """ """ 11200. "00d "'" --T---- --~-- "'00 """'" """ '50' . ~. ~. ~. 1116 ~. S366 $100 "" "00 ""'" " ''''''800 , Of 12000 "'" ...... """ IPllClfit "'" "'" "'" - - "00 S1700d """ ...... J300 ,- "'" ...... "'" "00 "'" om '''' ,.,. ""'" '''''''' I2SO.7!.O orIIS?S """ "500 S1()I(_ ...- """ "'" "00d "" ...... $1:250 .""", $1132 ...... '''''' """ "'" ~,. IS% "000> """ 'HXl ,,'" """ " "" S300 ..., """ ,.., - ...c, ...". $600 $3000 $3000 .'''''' $6500 ... ..... .,.. 17lS J300 +110000 " $250..00 $71S J300 .$8Iage .,.. .... $715 .... ~" "" """ "'" "800 $6000 "'" ,HXlOd c:o&l.lO'l1o $200 ~. '''F' """ ~. .m ~. .',. "'" ~. - .", .."'. ~" J200 N. .-. ~8,~le """ $2574 $5147 .'''' """ $1238 """ ",,. "'" $1995 J300 $876 +$0491101 " "'" .$35101 "00 """ ,HXl N. N. w. "'" $11S2 ..." C061_20">0 Fee Survey .... Q.,f <,0. o;:;~'" <,0./0 <,0.'" .,po""....t. 'HXXl "000 "" 00' provided .''''' 00' ~,,- .,,'" .,,'" ",,00 S17~ w. "600 $1750 .- 00' ~,- "" $500 """'" .''''' :- 00' plovlOlld ."'" "000 1&'-1 """ ,,,,0.,,, $1850. HXlOd $1300. 556'" """'- .CUP'- $,3775. "000d N. $1850+ '000d $:1700+ 'HlOOd "00 '500 .''''' ""'- .CUP '- GPA t_ "'" -- $184500 GPAllMl6 ""'" $2700+ ""'" ''''''''' """'" '\lOO, $6()()()d """'" $'75QC IS"'" """""" 0_ ,,"" $5OOOd '\lOO $woat 00'" """ Il""~ 00:1 "'6P__ .- """ ."'" $3'" <l(I01~ 00:1 .~- ."'JC .''''' "00 "'" $300 "''''', $IOOilol "00 $700+ """ $600 """" "" "00 "~~. .12Q'lI,,,,,,," w. "'''' ..J.\.~ $185 n. N' $1700 ~. "500 ~. ,,500 $1015 IS'" . $2(),'lOt "'''''' 'llOO $300 CO~l$ . " "'" w. ..." $2.,0 $IlOO "S4~,""" 1~~1I'ICl "".. "... "' $3'00 $IlOO "'" 19" " $3375 .,'" "'" " "... ,"". ,~- , d "' AD' EDU MFD SFD KEY '" ~, ""'- .WJllIfiIIIdlWylfTP ~.lenIa-I/ll1Q~llIt fTlu~'wrWlydwfJlllt1fJ ~.'.mlydw8Jlil1Q Subdivision F_5~b./IHdona -~~ ~~~~~~:..-- T/>Io....-.or._IOr~purpou .- Ev.y.~IwI_~IO"""'" "''''''''''"'YoIIr'''''''~r>onpt~ n..~h;1<J$b')'F_.,"", ~",~IOr"'~""" ""oiNr:JFRoww>fWiF_S......, PUBLIC FACILITIES DEVELOPMENT & IMPACT FEES PARKLANOS PST single family ~ hon'l6 (SFD). c.r1~ 35 % of building permit YBluallon, housmg &. non. residential ChuaI V.'" W"I oll.80~ .5Jaloll.8mi ~ S1,047/unit ('1,374'unlt""" . 00fT1I'nttdal $10,402/r.cre Te';717/lCfe Incluotrial $ un / IafI $8,240 / IOtO I!~ 52,2591unil $133/sl-non-reBidential. (.iooMnt4<le S 503 I -.lnil $() non-residential ::tM DM90 Ctty (s.&e SIdebar) San"'rcos S6.4521SFD, $.5 ,377!l.4FD. $18.156 or 528,49;3 ~r induslnal acre $47,378. $5-04,639 or $60.963 per ~daJ acre Higher!... appiy 10 ~ Im.nu UN. ao..n. 8Mc;:f, 1 % of building ~rmjt valuatIOn Vi...... - S 150 I unit. $ 938 per commerCial 1tCt. S 572 per Inclultrtal tc" .. lne'....' expected In .arty '99' ~ ~ ~ TRAFFIC MITIGATION F96 p6r SFO.. divide by 10/0 g8/ fee per ADT; (excepl for Sanr98 divide by 12) c.nabed: S 78e In pe~ distnct:a 1-3, S 983 in distl1ct " S,4(j per industrial 5Q ft, faCility manaoement zone 5 only S60 200 125 i56 Powoy: 2.500 -: 3..2S8 !Ion DIogo Cfty, 1_ aiclobon S.n CMego County: 400. east COuf'ty 800 . mid-county; , ,OClO . coastal araa S.n MwcoI: ($3.,,1-4: bullncluded ,n public 1000lity IMI --: Yl"', Chula VI"", Del Mer: EI Cajon, EncinItM: _Ido: 1__: ""-, Lemon Qrove: _, Cfty: OalMeI..: SCHOOl ~Ea Stale law allows ICtioollees of up 10 $1.508 pel' f95idenllal squar,IOOI anc;l $.26 per square 1001 of oornmera.al, Indu,tnaJ or NnIOf rMiOenlial pro,ects MOlt d1stncu d\a.roe the maxImum allOwed POauc A1fT Eaoondido II"l"IpOMI an "In.lleu i~ '..0 to tvnd '/'1 it" In publIC places program All oovebpmel'1! pto~s are cnarQed $ 30 per square !oo!. Wllh I"e hrSI 'BOO square teeT exemp1 SEWER & WATER Capacity 198 P8r EOU. SEWER i Carl'bed $ 1,250 i Chula Vlata 2,220 Coronado 850 0.1 Mar 975 EI Cajon 1,728 Enclnlla. 2.600 Eacondldo 4.790 I",pertal BNch 2,400 La ..... 1 , 1 90 L..mon Grove 2,631 National Ctty 1,540 OCNnllcM , ,565 Poway 2,856 S~.n DI.go 3865 in DI.go County 2,000 n Marcoa 2,4OQ nt.. 489 lan.8Meh 4,500 VI.la 1,782 RESIDENTIAL ' , , . , , , , _ _ , . _ _ Car1.tNId $ 6Oe-area 1, $67')-area 2. Additional $ 530 In Overlapping B & T area . Chulo VI... (Ea,,): $ 3,060 Enelnl",: $ 900 Escondida: $ 1,930 OceIn.ide: S 1,650 PowIY' $ 660 I' '1 acre or less $ 990 If o'o'er ' 2 acre 115 A::;T s San Diego CIty: {see sloebar; San "'reo.: Includec In 'aclllty tee Stinl..: S 2,256 VII1I: S , ,200 NON-RESIDENTIAL Calr1aHd : Chull Vllt. (East): 1,680 770 300 1.526 - 2.321 2.289 1,100 ene/nil..: bco/\clldo: OoMnal(kJ . Pow.y: SonlM eoo 1.290 Vi.... WATER $ 1.713 300 . 800 o 1 14C '90 3165 3.670 o '9() '9() No 1,095 2,515 1.960 C 3,500 2.700 <9() 2,600 225 DRAINAGE & FLOOD CONTROL F8fI$ rafJ(}fl widely dr.HJ to draifll#(J6 basin characteristics. c.rtlbed Fees range S 200 . 4<445 per acre: ten fee 'reas. Median fee - $ 2465 $ 3m I acre; Te~ra.ph Canyon BasIn only. $ .21 per SQ. f'1 ot new Impervious surface area. Fees range $ 1000,8000 I acre, depending on baaln, FH' range S 1.79 ' 9574 I acre. MedIa" f.. . S 3785. Feea range $ 950.2600 I acre. Median I... S 1385. Fees range $ 1343.10474/ acre; six lee .,8as. MedIan lee . $ 7006. $ 597! uni1, S 17313 i acre. orS .43persq,tt. olntt ImpeMOUs area Fees S , 584 . 3431 / acre; len areas. Median fee . $2384. Chulo Yl... Ene/nlttl. Eocondldo Ocoonolclo Powoy San MIIn::oe Sont.. Viola S 10 AOT $122,400 acre. commercial ! $ 61.200 acre '00"S\r:al $ 90 ADT $ 49 ADT tees are per S , $ <4 !.25 ADT S 16.!'lCJ 1..01 $ 69 AOT ' commerCial $ 178 ADT . induslr'al S 1 O.4,OT . COrrlr"'erc'al $75 ADT, Ifld..;s'C\a ~ i " , , "''- CIF also compiled a comparison of total fees that would be required of a building permit appl ication for a prototype home. Table 24 illustrates the results of the survey, which ranked (hula Vista #8 out of 19 jurisdictions. TABLE 24 TOTAL FEE COSTS TO BUILD A PROTOTYPE HOME (JAN. '91) 1 Escondido $21,507 2 San Marcos 19,131 3 Poway 16,740 4 San Die90 City 15,755 5 Carlsbad 15,742 6 Solana Beach 14,590 7 Encinitas 14,527 8 Chula Vista 14,193 9 Santee 12,397 10 Oceanside 12,012 11 Vista 10,791 12 San Diego County 9,279 13 Imperi a 1 Beach 8,567 14 Lemon Grove 8,459 15 Del Mar 8,222 16 La Mesa 7,733 17 El Cajon 7,645 18 National City 6,443 19 Coronado 5,908 CIF PROTOTYPE HOME: Three bedroom, two bath single-family detached home. 1800 square feet living area. 400 square feet garage and 240 square feet patio. Approx. $139,000 valuation (calculated by each jurisdiction). Type V wood frame construction. 100A single phase electrical. 100,000 8tu FAU gas service, and a common set of fixtures. As stated in past Housing Elements, and included in Part 3 of this Element, the City will continue to consider subsidizing or reducing certain fees for affordable housing projects where such subsidies or reductions are clearly necessary to create the required project economics. Since application of subsidies or reductions have previously not occurred in a consi stent fashion, or under the direction of specific policies and procedures, it is proposed that such be developed. The pol i c i es and procedures should address analysis which establish criteria for determining the level of assistance necessary, including pro-formas, and evaluate the relative impact reduct ions may have on overa 11 budgets for facilities and service plans. 11-36 ~-gD C. NON-GOVERNMENTAL CONSTRAINTS C.l Financial Availabilitv The availability and cost of financing for both new construction and home mortgages are a major component of housing affordabil ity. The previous analysis of 1988 mortgage lending, in select census tracts, previewed lending practices in the newly developed areas, and older, more establ ished areas of Chula Vista. The following discussion looks at the availability of conventional lending for multi-family and home mortgages. Multi-Family According to 1988 HMDA data analysis, multi-family lending was made available in every census tract in the City for the purposes of new construction and/or purchasing of existing housing complexes. City-wide multi-family lending exceeded $30,000,000 on 36 loans, and $19,305,900 on 221 non-occupant loans. While it appears that money was available, without specific information regarding credit terms, it is inconclusive to find that lending conditions were restrictive. However, as it can be stated that increases in interest rates and other such changes in the finance arena tend to inhibit construction, the City is proposing to assist developers in avail ing themselves of alternative and supplemental financial assistance available through consortiums such as SAMCO and CCRC. Home MortGaGe LendinG The following page contains the table "marketplace" of mortgage borrowing rates taken from the San Diego Business Journal (l0/90). It indicates that interest rates are still around 10% for a 30-year fixed rate loan of under $187,450 in yalue. The median resale price of homes in the San Diego area is $160,000-$170,000, which using a 95% loan, would be affordable to a household with income in excess of $60,000, of 158% of the area median. Under the current market conditions, condominiums become the "affordable home ownership opportunity". In summary, the high cost of housing continues to rise which restricts the number of new homebuyers into the market place without special programs like deferred secondary loans from parents, the State, or local agencies. As illustrated above, as interest rates rise more and more households can no longer qual ify for home mortgages without special assistance programs such as that mentioned above. Additional assistance programs are proposed in Part 3. 11-37 ~-rl MARKETPLACE MORTGAGE AND BORROWING RATES Adjustable-rate mortgage (below $187,450) Lender Rate-% Oown-% Points Index Margin I AnnuaICap-% ; Payment Cap-% Lifetime Cap % i Phone res Mortgage Banking 6.85 10 1.25 1 yr. T-bill 2.5 oa : 7.5 14.125 : 452-8000 Allegis Mortgage 69 20 0 11lhdislricl 2625 "" , 7.5 13625 =f286.7161 First Bankers Mortgage 69 20 0 11th district 2.625 n' j 7.5 13.625 722-0456 -------- Fouts Financial 69 10 0 11th district 2625 n. .-! 75 13.625 587.1400 ... -6-9-- 11lhdistrict ----- ---IT-- j---........- -. - ... La Jolla Newport Financial 20 .25 25 na j 13.875 454-3386 . - ..---- .----......- U.S. Bancorp 69 20 0 11th district 2.75 na I 7.5 13.875 931-4900 r .---. -----''-- Weslern Residential 69 20 '.25 11lhdistrict 2.625 n. 7.5 13.5 576-2227 Terrill Financial 7.375 20 2 111hdistrict 2 oa j 7.5 13.95 578-0741 11th district 2.25 I 75 13.50 . 434-7079 A. Telach & Telech 7.5 20 1.5 na Bank ot Commerce 7.5 20 1.5 11th district 2.35 na j 75 13.95 (800)464-2263 Great American 75 20 1.5 11lhdistricl 2.25 n. I 75 14 (800)423.2265 Norwesl Mortgage 7.5 10 2 1 yr. T-bill 2.75 2 I oa 13.5 720-0045 30-y""; lixad (below $187,450) Lender ! Rate-% ! Oown-% I Points Phone Terrill Financial ! -AJlegis Mortg~~---r --=--". Bank of Commerce I Fouts Financial I La Jolla Newport Financial I Norwest Mortgage TCS Mortgage Banking U.S. Bancorp Uni-Fed Mortgage Corp. A. Telech & Telech American City Mortgage Household Bank 975 i 20 j 2.5....s78.0741~. 9.875 i 10 1 1.875 286-7161 9.8~~ 1:9'i-~OO)464-2263 ~ 9.875 10 2 587-1400- 9.875 10 2 ~.~~~~~_ 9.875 5 2 720-0045 ---- 9.875 10 2 45~.80~~ 9.875 5! 2 931-4900 9.875 5 2.25 673-3630 10 10 2 434-7079 10 10 2.25 293-7283 10 5 2 595-8381 30.year IIxed (above $187,450) Lender Rate-% Oown-% Points Phone ~~rwest Mortgage 10 20 2 720-0045 TCS Mortgage Banking 10.25 10 2 452-8000 Terrill Financial 10.25 I 20 ':751 578-0741 ~.... Allegls Mortgage 10.375 i 10 I 286-7161__ Fouls Financial 10375 i 10 2 587-1400 ~. I La Jolla Newport Financial 10.375 I 20 2 454-33_8~ U.S. Bancorp 10.375 10 2 i 931-4900 ... Bank of Commerce 1.95 , (800)464-:2263 10.5 10 ~. -. Un i-Fed Mortgage Corp 10.5 10 1.625 I 673.3630 Union Bank 10.5 25 1.75 1541-0180- --Weste-mResidential 10.5--- ~-- ~~-576-2227 -- 10 American City Mortgage 10.625 10 2 I 293-7283 SAVINGS INSTRUMENTS (Based on a $2,500 minimum) Ties are listed a/ph80etically. na -notavaila/)Ia. . Indicates institution pays simple inlerest only ! Two-year CD. 15-year fixed (below $187,450) Lender I Rate-% 'Down-% i Points I Phone Terrill Financial I 9.375 i 20 : 2.5 I 578-0741 A. 1'elech & Telech ~ r~~9~-5i~'~-i-o-~-T~~2~5-~r--434-70'79' Bank of Commerce .- '-'~~'j --~5--l-~-~-i-O~--i~9'5~~(800)464-~2263--~ ~~~w~:~~o~~gage - ~~-~.~~~=l=::.~"--- =-: ~ -t=f=:~=~;~~~~~~~- Allegis Mortgage-~-----'" 'r~_ 9.625.:-.n lC)- rl-.875~" -286-7161--~ FoutsFlnanclal--~--~! g:-62~~~10---.t-~ 2 - -58i1406~-~ La Jolia Newport Fma'ncial'-r~~25- i '-1~t-1:'75 1--- 45,f'3386~'- -~ American City Mortgage -t--l-'-975 --'.10 ,.-7S-t__ 293-i283--'~- Household Bank 975 5 2 595-8381 TCS Mortgage Banking 9.75 -----'0--+--2'-- ~8000--- Uni-Fed Mortgage Corp 9.75 5 1.75 673-3630 Home Equity Une of Credit Second Trust Deed Lender Phone Rate-% Points: AllegisMortgage 10 2 286-7161 Fouts Financial 10 variable 2 I 587-1400-- GlendaleFederal__.__~-_.m:O variable +' 0 -1~ (800)834-10QO- North Island Federal CU I 10 variable ~1T- 563.1600-- Mission Federal CU ,--~ ~j - --,-,-- variable 0 I 546-2039 San Dieg-o Teachers'CU---~ -1~~2(-~ variable -~~()~~. 49(:3500 Sanwa Bank ----~-~--- " '-1123- variable -0 -t+- 234-35'1'1~ Great American-~- ------r~7-.-t- variable T-'-5--~ -(800)4-ij~2265 Wells Fargo Bank -.--.~- t variable ~:~-ci"-~ (800)225:5932- ~-~--._.t ----r---...---.~..t~~.-.. CoaslFederal ----~--~_-1 12 ' .~a~~~ i_~._O USA Federal CU I variable 1 2 Union Bank-- var;<ible-~ ~-~O F--~~~~l~::;-~ -- -". 541-:0180 6-monthCO 1-yearCO 2~-yearCD 5-yearCD Money Market Insmutlon rate/yleld-% rate/yield-% rate/yleld-% rate/yleld-% Account-% Phone Fireside Thrift 8.3/8.63 8.35/8.69 na 8.35/8.69 5.75/5.9 234-4101 FoOlhill Thrift & loan 8.3/8.65 8.3/8.65 na na 6/6.1-ct-- 234--5655--- TopaThritt & Loan 8.25/8.6 8.3/8.65 8.3/8.65 I 8.3/8.65 7.18/7.44-: -747-0715' Landmark Thrift & loan 8.125J8.56 8.25/8.69 8.375/8.83 8.375/8.83 na -+--~698-61~ Western Financial Savings 8.125/8.46 8.2518.6 na 8.25/8.6 7.5/7.79 -L-~~86-00~ Cuyamaca Bank 8.05/8.38 8.1/8.44 8.15/8.49 8.218.55 5.9/6.06 I 562-6400 IDS American Express' 8 8 8.05 I 8.3 7.63 '~T942-7258~' WeslernFamilyNal.Bank 818.3 8.1/8.41 8.1/8.41 _J~ 8:~.~.4C -~25---r 434'6131 ~-- GrealAmerican t---!955/8.279 8.07218.406 7.76318.071 I 7.809/8.121 --------s:-25Jt;3-g-- j (800)423-2265 HomeFedBank -._-- t__~_795/8.27 -~a03/826-- 7.97/8.35 - -r-~~8~0218~'3'5-'---' 52515.38- + (800)554-2626 ~~:~~~~n.:s~~~~l;,~~_:-=---.=, - ;~~~6 ~~ ~-iX2;~~ ,=~7:~~5~~=J-_ ~:.~J 5:5:\8 . L ;:~;:: ~ _~~hlslandFederaICU ___ 7.75/8.03 7.85/8.14 8.1/8.41 ---1. 8.25/8.57 '---6.51i6-7i'~- 563-1600 Coast Federal -- -7.74/8.047 7.8918.209 8.09/8.425~ I ~ '8~09/8.425-------r-_t'--5.25/5.39 .-.~ ~ 531-8833 Union Bank 7.4/7.68 7.4/7.6a-,. 7-W.9 ~~-7~6i7.g----- ---. 5.9/6.06-- r'-~ 541--0'180--- , Tn.. .."""'_ 1..""....__ r~ ~_.-...-.. .....,... '~"'''''''''_~ "~'~8 ___ 8' ~'--"- -~__~- ---<.1:iIC '...0 ... _ ___ ~ . ~_ ~___ _... __..._._ _ , '._ C.2 land and Construction Costs The rl s 1 ng costs of 1 and and construct i on in Southern Ca 1 iforn i a represent the s i ngl e 1 argest factors in the spiraling cost of housing. The most frequently encountered constraint in affordable housing provision is the "lack of economi c feas i bi 1 i ty" expressed by the pri vate sector in attempting to make units available to lower-income households given these costs. Together land and construction costs compri se about 75% of the tot a 1 cost of a res ident i a 1 dwell ing. The following sections present an overview of local conditions, and provide information for use in addressing the level of economic barriers to lower-income affordability in new construction. The information was collected from local developers, the Construction Industry Federation, and The Myers Group-a local San Diego firm specializing in market analysis and consultation to the development community. a. Land Costs Residential land costs in Chula Vista, on average, are currently $200,000/acre, with the specific dollar/unit ratio obviously dependent upon density. In surveying recent land purchases for several proposed single family developments in the City, the average per lot cost for the raw land was approximately $40,000. Improved land costs can vary widely depending upon the amount of improvements necessary including, in Chula Vista, the amount of site grading to create buildable lots. As an example, a recently approved master planned project with 1900+ units, has an estimated per unit site work cost of $22,500. In order to further illustrate total buildable lot costs for new development, the following table was provided by a local developer as an example of costs per type and density of residential development: Product Type Finished lot Cost Single Fam (8000 s.f. lot) Single Fam (5000 s.f. lot) Multi-Fam (8 du/ac) Multi-Fam (12 du/ac) Multi-Fam (22 du/ac) $203,000 130,000 76,000* 62,000* 40,000* *per unit cost assuming 100+ units on a 12t acre site. b. Construction Costs As mentioned, increased construction costs have also contributed significantly to the problem of housing affordability. Current estimates place single family costs between $36 and $42 per square foot dependi ng on unit amenities. Given an average 1,500 sq. ft. home on a [[-39 d-f3 5,000 sq. ft. lot, construction costs would range between $55,800 and $65,100, which assuming a $225,000 purchase price, represents 25%-29% of the home. Costs for multi-family construction vary according to the type of structure generally as follows: Wood frame low rise (1-3 stories) - $36 to $42 sq. ft. Steel frame mid-rise (4-6 stories) - $65 to $70 sq. ft. Steel frame high-rise - $75 to $100 sq. ft. (up to 20 stories) (add $25/sq. ft. if underground parking or parking structure) Est imates used for the sample development pro- formas followed these cost assumptions: ComDonent Costs in Multi-Family Housinq New Construction Unit Price Land Hard Costs (improvements, const.) Soft Costs (arch., eng., marketing, etc.) $105,000 $ 25,000 (24%) $ 60,000 (57%) $ 20,000 (19%) (INSERT AFFORDABILITY ANALYSIS) (PER PRO-FORMA REVIEW) C.3 EmDloyment ODDortunities In an effort to address the public policy issues involved in providing low-income housing, the rationale offered usually focuses on housing as a "social service", and a moral obligation that City's must absorb. While this argument has merit, a more compell ing publ ic pol icy may be at stake. That is, the future economic vitality of the City may depend on its providing affordable housing for all segments of the population, especially "the working poor". To define what public purpose will be served by providing affordable housing to all economic segments of the population, three questions must be addressed: a. Will the City lose jobs? b. Will the City lose workers? c. Will the City lose economic opportunities? 11-40 0> -8'1 The probable answer in all three cases is yes. Thus, in an effort to preserve as many of the nearly 36,000 employment opportunities in Chula Vista, the City should continue to provide as many affordable housing opportunities as possible during the next planning period. According to an economic survey prepared by Southwestern College in Chula Vista, the highest concentration of employment opportun i ties (# of fi rms) are in South Bay, wi th 2,481 fi rms physically located in Chula Vista. In general, the highest concentrations of employment opportunities are in the following two sectors of employment (see also Table 15, pg. ___): 998 Service Firms 40% 717 Retail Firms 29% Therefore, within the City 1 imits nearly 70% of all existing employment opportunities are offered by traditionally low paying service and retail industries. Most of these firms are very small with 1 - 5 employees. Manufacturi ng facil it i es, with the exception of Rohr Industries, employ under 200 emp 1 oyees. Ni nety-n i ne percent of these fi rms are located in the older west side of the City (west side of 1-805). TABLE 26 MANUFACTURING EMPLOYMENT Nellcor, Inc. Rohr Industries, Inc. Apparel Suppliers of California Crower Cams and Equipment Co., Inc. Hyspan Precision Products, Inc. The Kedall Company Ratner Corporation Risi Industries, Inc. Corsair Marine C&BSteel, Inc. Laing Thermotech, Inc. Nelson and Sloan Concrete 225 7,213 130-200 (Seasonal) 160 170 100 500 45 45 35 40 235 SANDAG's Series-7 suggests that during 1986, 20-50% of the population in 14 of the City's census tracts left those tracts to work elsewhere in the City, or out of the City altogether. Considering the concentration of high-income households in the eastern territori es, the overall cost of hous i ng in the City, and the number of highly skilled job opportunities in Chula Vista, we can assume many residents commute to highly-skilled and high paying jobs elsewhere. Il-41 d-io C.4 Other Sianificant Imoacts Internat i ona 1 Border The regional business cl imate is continually improving, affording industry new opportunities both within the City limits and in nearby Tijuana, due in part to proximity to the international border only seven miles away. A growing number of American companies are capitalizing on the twin-plant or "maquiladora" concept which links labor-intensive American industries with Mexican labor pools for assembly operations. Many of these American companies rent warehouse/distribution space within the City's light industrial business parks located along the southern edge of the City limits. While some critics decry the advent of dual-plant manufacturing, many experts say this is a growing trend which wi 11 have s i gnifi cant impact on some 1 abor i ntens i ve industries. The University of Texas in the "[1 Paso Maquiladora Impact Survey of 1987", reported to the Department of Labor (DOL) that production sharing is a net creator of U.S. jobs in a rapidly evolving global marketplace. Much of the City's newly developing eastern territories are considering warehousing and mini-distribution operations within the new commercial/industrial centers. Many of these centers will provide new jobs for the area. Most of these jobs, however, are neither highly skilled nor well paid which would create an additional demand for more affordable housing units if these workers chose to live in Chula Vista. 11-42 .;2 ...g" V. SUMMARY In order to assist the direction of policy and program development responsive to the needs, resources, and constraints analysis provided in Part 2, the following summary points have been compiled to highlight specific matters for focus in Part 3: Investigate projects, management, cause(s) of unusual vacancy rates in certain seniors (i.e., demand, location, Section 8 certificates, etc. ) Addressment of overpayment (1980 est imates) , espec i ally in future City-monitored projects, in proportion to the following: Rental housing - approximately 6,193 households Homeowners - approximately 1,248 Address overcrowded conditions of 1,763 housing units. Provi de a mi n i mum of 1,058 new hous i ng opportun it i es to households below 80% of the area median income. These opportunities may include new construction rental and home ownership, public housing, Section 8 rental subsidies, and homeless sheltering. Increase awareness and utilization of rental western side of the City through intensified (i.e., 70% of major rehab work needed is within stock). rehab programs in staff commitment, the rental hous i ng Encourage both affordabl e rental and home buyi ng opportun it i es in the eastern territories to promote balanced and integrated communities within the City. Investigate options which will mitigate the loss of all 386 family housing under HUD Section 236 mortgage subsidy contracts, including: Temporary rent control on all projects specific relocation assistance cost owner, and the City. seeking conversion with shared by the tenant, Limited equity coop conversion options for low-income renters willing to consider ownership responsibility. Cons i derat i on of all unexplored fi nanc i ng opportun it i es with for- and non-profit developers seeking to build affordable housing. Evaluate the nexus between the growth of service and retail employment opportunities and affordable housing supply. In order to attract and retain manufacturing and service firms in Chula Vista, encourage affordable hous i ng product i on for thi s work force as a matter of public policy. 11-43 ~"'~r The following areas of need will be addressed under existing City Code enforcement and rehab efforts: 1. Minor rehabilitation complaints which constitute 63% of all rehab activity in the City's older west side are usually mitigated through the combined efforts of the Code Enforcement Officers, and the Community Development Rehab Loan Program funded by the Redevelopment Housing Fund. 2. Demolitions of deteriorated units in such poor rehabi 1 i tat ion woul d not be cost effect i ve account the 37,422 units on the west side of the City. enforcement sufficiently mitigates this problem. condit i on that for only 1% of Existing Code 3. Neighborhood awareness of the value of Code compliance in maintaining community pride-of-place is reinforced by the City's support of the Neighborhood Revital ization Program in conjunction with CDBG funding for community social serVlces, and enhanced infrastructure expenditures, (i.e., street widening, etc.). 4. Continued enforcement of the mobilehome relocation ordinance to mitigate displacement. WPC 0002p 11-44 ~ -7r I. INTRODUCTION DRAfT TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 3: COMPREHENSIVE HOUSING PLAN - 1991 TO 1996 II. STATEMENTS OF PURPOSE JII. OBJECTIVES, POLICIES, AND PROGRAMS Objective 1 - Balanced Communities A. The Affordable Housing Program B. Implementation Guidelines Obj ect i ve A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. 2 - Rental Housing Opportunities Facilitiate Use of Federal Funding Facilitate Use of State Funding Non-Profit Community Development Corp. Federally-Assisted Housing Projects Shared Housing Program Family Public Housing Density Bonus Program Single Room Occupancy Program Objective 3 - Home Ownership Opportunities A. Affordable Housing Program B. General Marketing Information C. First-Time Homebuyer Loan Programs D. Community Reinvestment Home Loan Programs E. Equity Share or Deferred Loan Program F. Sweat Equity Projects G. Reverse Annuity Mortgage Program H. Mortgage Credit Certificates 1. Single-Family Mortgage Revenue Bonds J. Educational Programs for Homeowners Objective A. B. C. D. E. F. G. Objective A. B. C. D. 4 - Mobilehome Park Living Mobilehome Rehabilitation Grant Program Upgrade Trailer Parks Mobilehome Rent Arbitrationh Ordinance Mobilehome Park Conversion Ordinance Mobilehome Assistance Program County Mobilehome Rental Assistance Program Preserve Affordability 5 - Renewal, Rehabilitation, and Conservation Conserve At Risk Affordable Housing Community Appearance/Neighborhood Improvement Housing Inspection Program Abatement of Non-Conforming Uses and Dilapidated Structures ~ ..g, Paqe II 1-1 II 1-3 111-4 111-4 I II-7 II 1-9 I II-9 111-10 III-II III-ll III-ll III-ll 1 II -12 II I -12 I I 1-14 I I 1-14 111-14 III-I4 Ill-IS III-IS I II -15 II I -15 III-I6 III-I6 III-I6 I II -17 I II -17 III-17 III-I7 III-17 I1I-17 III-I7 III-17 111-19 I II -19 II I - 20 III -20 I I I - 21 TABLE OF CONTENTS III. OBJECTIVES, POLICIES, AND PROGRAMS (cont'd) Objective E. F. G. H. Objective A. B. C. D. Objective A. B. C. D. 5 - Renewal, Rehabilitation, and Conversion Rehabilitation Programs Neighborhood Revitalization Program Condominium Conversions Educational Programs (cont'd) 6 - Housing Assistance for Homeless Participate in a Regional Approach Facilitate Transitional Housing Programs Shelter Programs Support Existing Homeless Services 7 - Coordination, Monitoring, and Evaluation Affordable Housing Standards Funding and Assistance Strategy Plan Monitoring and Evaluation Program Affordable Housing Threshold Standard Objective 8 - Fair Housing and Lending A. Fair Housing Program B. Annual Fair Housing Assessment C. Fair Marketing Plans Objective A. B. C. D. E. F. G. Objective A. B. C. D. E. Obj ect i ve A. B. C. D. 9 - Reduction/Removal of Constraints Expedite Affordable Housing Projects Affordable Housing Ombudsman City Assistance/Subsidies Reduction of 8uilding Costs General Plan/Zoning Consistency Study Flexible Development Standards Alternative/Supplemental Financial Assistance 10 - Environmental Issues Energy and Water Conservation Weatherization Programs (MAAC) Piping for Reclaimed Water Air Quality and Water Management Title 24 Energy Analysis II - Other Housing Issues Jobs/Housing Balance Housing Linkage Fee Coastal Zone Housing Relocation Assistance Plans ;J .. <10 ~ II I -21 II I -21 II I -22 I II- 22 I II- 23 II I -25 II 1-27 II 1-28 III-3D 111-31 PART 3: COMPREHENSIVE HOUSING PLAN - 1991 TO 1996 I. INTRODUCTION A mandatory component of every Housing Element is establ ishment of a comprehensive set of quantified objectives and related policies and programs designed to substantially address the development, maintenance, and improvement of housing for all economic segments of the community (Article 10.6, Section 65580, et. seq. of the State Government Code). This comprehensive housing plan must be responsive to identified local conditions and needs, and address particular housing problems including the reduction or removal of identified constraints. Part 3 of the Housing Element of 1991 constitutes the integrated series of directives and actions to be implemented by the City in discharging its responsibil ity and commitment to providing adequate and affordable housing opportunities for both the existing and future residents of Chula Vista. Its various policy and program proposals delineate the responses designed to substantially address the needs, conditions, and problems identified in Parts I and 2 of the document, and together, form the 5-year plan to ensure the development, maintenance, and improvement of adequate housing opportunities and affordabil ity for all economic segments of the community. Based on the identification of local needs in Part 2, the City has establ i shed quanti fi ed assi stance object i ves for its 1991-96 Comprehensi ve Housi ng Pl an. The assi stance objectives are those anticipated through implementation of the policies and programs contained in Part 3. For ease of correlation, the table on the following page has been structured according to Part 3 objectives and programs, and indicates the level of projected assistance by program area and income group. These objectives serve as benchmarks, and represent the maximum number of housing units that can be constructed, rehabilitated, and conserved over the 5-year timeframe. ;;.-'11 III-I QUANTIFIED ASSISTANCE OBJECTIVES 1991-96 COMPREHENSIVE HOUSING PLAN Obiectives 1. 2. and 3 - New Construction Total Units: 725 Very Low - 195 units 80 Public Housing Units (County Housing Authority) 75 Senior Housing Units (Section 202) 40 Family Housing Units Low - 612 units 60 Family Housing Units 50 Senior Housing Units 420 Affordable Housing Program 82 Other Eastern Territories Moderate - 131 units 131 Market Rate for Sale and Rental Units Other - 335 units 335 Market Rate for Sale and Rental Units Obiectives 3 - Oooortunities for Very Low-Income Renters Total Units: 500 200 Section 8 300 Shared Housing Program (Seniors) Objective 5 - Rehabilitation and Conservation Total Units: 651 386 At Risk Units (Section 236 Family) 200 Single Family and Mobilehome Rehab (CHIP) (180 very low income, 20 low income) 65 Rental Rehabilitation Ob.iective 6 - Transitional Housina Total Units: 20 (New construction or rehab) 111-2 d -,a. II. STATEMENTS OF PURPOSE The following statements are meant to guide the deciSion-making process in formulating and implementing the Comprehensive Housing Plan. Together, they constitute the City's overall intentions in establ ishing the integrated series of objectives, policies, and programs contained in the following pages. The City is committed to its residents and will following: A. Fulfillment of the City's share of the Regional need for affordable housing and progression towards the solution of problem areas described in the performance review and needs assessment (Part 1 and 2). providing a comprehensive housing program for pursue reasonable means to accomplish the B. The overall increase of the housing stock through provision of decent housing in well-planned neighborhoods for families and individuals of all socioeconomic levels. C. The effective utilization of all financial options available to promote decent, affordabl e hous i ng product ion withi n the Pl anni ng Area. D. The development of "balanced communities" representing economic and social integration of neighborhoods, and the availability of housing for all people regardless of their class, gender, age, race, national origin or religion. E. The provision of quality residential and environmental amenities, such as open space, landscaping, parks, convenient shopping and adequate parking for all communities. F. The protection of residents' quality-of-life throughout the City through the provision and maintenance of adequate public improvements, facilities, and services and expansion of this infrastructure in a manner cons i stent with the Growth Management Element of the General Plan. G. Conservation and rehabilitation of existing housing stock, in order to protect and preserve affordable housing opportunities that would otherwise be lost. H. Encouragement of private sector participation in the solution of local and regional housing issues, and in development of innovative concepts for the provision of affordable housing. I. Coordination of local affordable housing efforts through cooperation with the Federal Government, State of California, the County of San Diego, SANDAG, and neighboring municipalities. I 11-3 j - 9.3 III. OBJECTIVES. POLICIES. AND PROGRAMS The following section of the Comprehensive Housing Plan embodies policies and programs to be implemented by the City in addressing identified needs through the development, maintenance, and improvement of adequate and suitable housing opportunities for all economic segments of the community, including achievement of the quantified assistance objections for lower-income households. As a means to providing a concise and comprehensive guide for addressment of housing conditions in the City, the policy and program proposals have been organized around eleven (11) specific housing objectives. Each objective is clearly stated, followed by the appl icable statement(s) of pol icy, and a set of "implementing actions" identifying program proposals complete with associated costs, sources of financing, responsible agencies, and a recommended schedule. By associating objectives and responses in a straight-forward manner, a clear and comprehensive direction is created. OBJECTIVE 1 Achievement of a balanced residential community through integration of low and moderate-income housing throughout the City, and the adequate dispersal of such housing to preclude establ ishment of specific low-income enclaves. Policy 1. The City shall encourage citizens, developers, and builders to support the development of neighborhoods which provide housing for people of all economic classes, races, and age groups. 2. The City shall require every developer of projects in excess of 50 units to provide 10% of the units for 1 ow- income househol ds, in accordance with the Affordable Hous i ng Program to be adopted by the City Council. The City shall periodically review this requirement, and may revise it, in accordance with the City's intent to meet its share of regional housing needs. 3. The City shall identify locations in newly developing areas where siting opportunities for low and moderate income housing exist, and establish controls whereby such housing can be provided. These controls shall include timely phasing of the affordable housing component. ImDlementinQ Actions A. The Affordable Housing Program (AHP) The AHP is designed to guarantee the provlslon of low income housing opportunit i es wi thi n resident i a 1 developments. Where projects exceed fifty (50) dwelling units, the City specifically requires developers to provide 10% of the total units to low income households. A "project" shall be considered as the entire residential development proposal as set forth by the associated development appl ication, whether or not the subdivision of land is involved. In the case of master planned communities, the "project" shall be that development encompassed by the Specific Plan, Precise Plan, or General Development Plan/Sectional Planning Area Plants). II 1-4 ~-,'t In an effort to respond to each individual project, the City may consider flexible appl ication of the 10% affordable housing requi rement. Appl i cat i on of these fl exi bl e approaches as outl i ned on pages 111-6 and 111-7, shall be established as part of the Affordable Housing Program Implementation Guidelines. Determinations of possible adjustments, if any, to the 10% requirement in accordance with intents to meet the City's share of regional housing needs, shall be undertaken annually in conjunction with performance reviews. In order to guarantee provi s ion of these uni ts, the Ci ty requi res each developer to formulate, review with staff, and have adopted a specific program and agreement for the project which delineates how and when the units will be provided, including intended subsidies, income/rent restrictions, and methods to verify compliance. Formulation of project-level programs and agreements is handled in a tiered fashion, starting at the General Development Plan (GDP) stage, or similar level of review, and progressing in specificity and detail through the planning process, with a final agreement required prior to recordation of the final map or final project approval where land subdivision is not applicable. The City will work with each developer to create a reasonable phasing schedule for the affordable housing units, taking into consideration the need for substantial facil ities and services to serve such housing, and the City's overall growth management policies. Understanding that the feasibility of siting lower income rental projects presents unique considerations, the City proposes to establ ish a program to identify locations, primarily in the newly developing eastern territories, for siting these projects including establ ishment of a minimum number of units to be provided at each site. Siting considerations will take into account proximity to mass transportation routes, and the availability of incidental services such as shopping, medical, child care and schools. Since these considerations may make it infeasible to site a project within each development, those developments without sites will still be required to contribute to the provision of this housing at a level commensurate to 10% of thei r tot a 1 project uni ts for 1 ow- income households. The City will establ ish mechanisms whereby responsibilities can be equitably shared amongst the developments. In order to precl ude the undue concentrat i on of 1 ow- income hous i ng units, the City will establ ish guidel ines which specify the amount of units allowable within both completely low-income, and mixed-income projects. While the Affordable Housing Program (AHP) places the primary responsibil ity on the private sector, clearly new types of public/private ventures, and assistance from the City would be beneficial to accomplish the goals of low-income rents and long-term affordability. The following mechanisms are offered to be used either singularly or in combination as means of reducing the cost burden normally placed on the developer, and in providing additional flexibility for each project in achieving compliance: III-S ~-CJ5 I. New Public/Private Partnerships As the cost of land development and housing production continues to rise, developers are finding it ever more difficult to produce affordable housing, especially for low and very-low income households. In order to maintain the provision of at least 10% of a new project's units to low and moderate income households for the longest time possible, the following new public/private partnership concept is offered. a. Joint Venture PartnershiD - In the joint venture, a private and a non-profit developer join together so that each may use special development incentives which neither would have if they pursued a project separately. For example, they can implement a "layered financing" proposal involving low-income housing tax credits and below market rate financing through the non-profit entity. The private developer could use these incentives to make construction of the units financially feasible, and then turn the units over to the non-profit for management responsibilities. In using the tax credits and other financing assistance, specific affordability requirements and contract durations are applied depending upon the methods and financial entity used. 2. Development Incentives As a means of reducing overall development costs, a developer may negotiate with the City early on in the planning process for application of various incentives such as flexible development standards and density considerations. Such flexibility might allow for in-project transfers or clustering of density to create affordable units, or other such means including use of State Density Bonus provisions to produce identifiable cost reductions associated with achieving the affordable units. An important step in producing acceptable incentives is development of guidelines to outline what types of incentives may be considered, criteria for when and how to apply them to specific developments, and a means to assess their financial value in equity to the units provided. 3. Other Considerations In order to respond to the unique conditions of each development, and to allow flexibility in meeting affordable housing requirements, the City may, under certain circumstances, consider methods other than actual developer built in-project unit production as a means to achieving affordable housing opportunity. Use of these alternative methods will be considered only where such are not significantly detrimental to achieving balanced residential communities. These methods include the following: I I1-6 ~-~t- a. Land Set Asides - Where unit construction by the developer is not feasible, consider the equitable donation of a building site within the project, or elsewhere in the City as satisfying compliance. The City (or developer) could then make these sites available to the County Housing Authority or other non-profit entity to construct affordable units. b. Off-Site Proiects Consider developer construction, either individually or in partnership, of an affordable hous i ng project at an off - s ite 1 ocat i on as long as the project satisfies the original requirements placed on the developer. Both new construction, rehabilitation, and "at-risk" preservation projects will be considered. c. In-Lieu Contributions - Where construction of units or provision of land within the project has been duly proven to be economically infeasible, then the City should consider the acceptance of in-l ieu contributions to be placed in a trust fund and used to provide assistance to other identified affordable housing efforts. The level of contri but i on shall be evaluated to ensure its adequacy in relation to achieving assistance opportunities commensurate to the level of the original project requirement. Affordable HousinQ ProQram ImDlementation Guidelines In order to facilitate the successful application of incentives and flexible approaches to the provision of affordable housing, and the attainment of an adequately balanced community, a set of "Implementation Guidelines" need to be formulated and adopted for the Affordable Housing Program. These guidelines will outline overall Program requirements throughout the deve 1 opment revi ew process, defi ne City and developer roles and responsibilities, establish low-income project siting, distribution, and phasing standards, define minimum addressment for a project's program and agreement, establ ish allowable development incentives and criteria for their application, and define conditions under which alternative methods of compliance may be considered, including an in-lieu contribution program and trust fund. Given that several large projects are in various stages of approval, guideline formation is crucial at this time, since the opportunity to truly make this program work will only last as long as there are tracts of 1 and ava i 1 ab 1 e for planned developments 1 arge enough to benefit from these concepts. I I 1-7 Ol-CJ ~ Cost/Sources of Financinq The Affordable Housing Program places responsibility for unit production on the private sector. However, on a case-by-case basis the City may utilize the Redevelopment Housing Fund, or other funding to assist provision of the units. Staff time incurred in developing and reviewing projects' Affordable Housing Programs will be reimbursed through the existing deposit account system. Staff time incurred in developing Guidelines, development incentives, will be supported by the General Fund Affordable Housing Implementation and in-lieu contribution programs and Redevelopment Housing Fund. ResDonsible Aqencies Planning Department Community Development Department Housing Advisory Committee Blue Ribbon Housing Committee Schedule The Affordable Housing completed by June 1991 Housing proposals. Program Implementation Guidelines should be and utilized in evaluating specific Affordable I II-8 ~-'9 OBJECTIVE 2 The provi s i on of adequate rental hous i ng opportunit i es and ass i stance to households with low and very low incomes, including those with special needs such as the elderly, handicapped, single-headed households, and large famil ies. Policy 1. The City supports and encourages usage of a broad spectrum of approaches to produce 1 ower- income affordabi 1 i ty in rental hous i ng including: Util ization of available Federal, State, and County programs and funding. Participation of non-profit development corporations either indiVidually or in partnership with the private developers. Exploration of innovative and experimental housing concepts which identifiably reduce costs in providing for lower-income needs. 2. The City wi 11 pl ace primary lower-income families, especially families. emphasis on efforts to assist large famil ies, and single headed 3. The City will continue to utilize Redevelopment Housing Funds to support lower-income affordable housing. available Block Grant and and augment the provision of ImDlementinQ Actions A. Facilitate the Use of Federal Funding as Available The City will examine ways to directly secure and/or leverage Federal funding, or encourage other agencies to do the same. These Federal programs include, but are not limited to: Sect i on 8 Cert ifi cates and Vouchers - The HUD Sect ion 8 program continues to be in high demand in Chula Vista, with a 2-3 year waiting list. The City will continue to encourage the County Housing Authority to apply for an additional number of certificates and vouchers to be added to the current allocation. Communitv Deve 1 ODment Block Grant ProQram - The City wi 11 cont i nue to receive CDBG entitlement funds. These monies can be used to facil itate affordable housing production by the following methods: land acquisition for low-income housing, assistance to non-profit development corporations, and funding for housing assistance services. I Il-9 01- " Famil v Pub 1 i c Hous i nq Funds - The City wi 11 encourage the County Housing Authority to pursue Federal Public Housing funds for at least 80 additional family units within the next five years. The Community Development Department will directly assist in this effort. HUD 202 Senior Housinq Funds - The City will encourage local non-profit development corporations to pursue HUD 202 senior housing funds. HOME Investment Partnerships Proqram Created under the Cranston-Gonzalez Hous i ng Act of 1990, HOME is designed to assist with new construction, substantial and moderate rehabil itat i on, and tenant-based ass i stance. The City may recei ve up to $1.5 million during the first two years. HOME requires matching State and/or local funds. B. Facilitate the Use of State Funding as Available The City will examine ways to directly secure and/or leverage State fund i ng, or encourage other agenci es to do the same. These State programs include, but are not limited to: Proposition 84 and 77 Funds - Encourage developers to apply for State Funds as primary sources of funding for new construction and rehabilitation projects. Multi-Familv Mortqaqe Revenue Bonds - The City will pursue the issuance of additional tax-exempt multi-family Mortgage Revenue bonds when feas i b 1 e under State and Federal gu ide 1 i nes. Bonds can be issued by the City, County or non-profit organizations for multi-family housing. Federal law requires that bond issues restri ct at 1 east 20% of tot a 1 ava i 1 ab 1 e un its for ten years to households earning under 80% of the County median income. Tax-exempt bonds can also be issued for the purpose of refinancing units; this could be initiated for the existing County and City bond-financed apartment units prior to the expiration of the ten year term of affordability. Low-Income Housinq Tax Credits - State and Federal tax credits are available to both for-profit and non-profit housing developers to subsidize low-income housing projects. The State allocates these tax credits annually on a competitive basis. The tax credits can be syndicated through agencies such as the Local Initiatives Support Corporation (LISC). The City will disseminate information to developers on how to apply for the tax credits. 111-10 ~-IOO C. Non-profit Community Development Corporations (CDC) One purpose of a Community Development Corporation (CDC) is to develop, rehabilitate, and facilitate low-income housing. Non-profits can directly obtain Local, State, and Federal assistance for pre-development, construction, and permanent financing. Increasingly, private lenders are looking to non-profits to fulfill their Community Reinvestment Act obligations. Local non-profits have begun to work together to form a Chula Vista CDC. Once established, this CDC can become an active participant in local housing programs. The CDC could initiate its own projects or enter into joi nt ventures with the Redevelopment Agency or pri vate deve 1 opers. The CDC coul d enter into a cooperat i ve re 1 at i onshi p with the City to operate housing programs, e.g., screening occupants for low and moderate-income housing eligibility. The City will support the establ ishment of the local COC and seek ways to work toward mutually beneficial housing goals. Whenever reasonable and feasible, the City will assist non-profit developers to create low-income housing opportunities. D. Encourage and Support Federally Assisted Housing Projects The City will promote availability of Federal Housing funds to the local development community, such as HUD Section 202 and multi-family mortgage revenue bonds, and will provide staff assistance to developers in appl ication for those funds. The City will also provide administrative support regarding necessary permits and regulatory procedures for such projects. E. Support a Shared Housing Program The City has supported a Shared Hous i ng program for several years and wi 11 continue to fund thi s type of effort as long as it is effective in creating affordable housing opportunities. The current Shared Hous i ng program is operated by the South County Counc i 1 on Aging and facilitates approximately 80 matches a year between households with extra room and individuals seeking low-cost housing. Most matches involve senior citizens or disabled citizens. F. County Housing Authority - Family Public Housing Given the current need for low-income housing units and the remaining 295 units of Article 34 referendum authority (granted by voters in 1978), a minimum of 80 units of publ ic housing should be built over the next planning period. According to the County Housing Authority, HUD is encouraging the production of family housing units, 3 bedrooms and larger, rather than senior units. To avoid undue concentration of these units, publ ic housing projects should generally involve no more than 20-25 units each, and be dispersed to sites throughout the City, as defined by the memorandum of understanding between the County Housing Authority and the City. The City will continue to aid the Housing Authority in site selection and permit processing as necessary. III-II a - I() I G. Density Bonus Program The City's density bonus ordinances are under staff review in order to bring them into compliance with new State law requirements. The density bonus ordinance is an appropriate incentive to produce 1 ower- income affordabl e un its and its use shoul d be encouraged by the City where appropriate. The new State law mandates that either 20% of the households in the restri cted rent category be at the 1 ow- income 1 eve 1 (under 80% of HUD Area Median), or 10% of the households in the restricted rent category be at the very 1 ow- income 1 eve 1 (under 50% of HUD Area Median). Rents for the 20% low-income must be set no higher than 30% of 60% of HUD Area Med i an Income, and rents for the 10% very 1 ow- income at no more than 30% of 50% of HUD Area Med i an Income. The affordability time frame is reduced to a minimum of 10 years (rather 25 years), unless the City offers an additional development incentive, in which case the duration of the restriction could be lengthened to 30 years. Senior Density Bonus projects remain unchanged and still must reserve 100% of the total units for seniors who are 60 years of age or older (or 55 years and up in seni or developments of over ISO units). This ordinance will be reviewed for its effectiveness and compliance with applicable State laws. H. Single-Room Occupancy Hotels (SRO) The City will further investigate the need for SRO housing in downtown Chula Vista and other activity centers. The growth in 1 ow-payi ng servi ce sector jobs may requ i re thi s type of hous i ng to be provided as an economical alternative. In addition, some low-income senior citizens may find an SRO unit to be the only economical housing. If it is determined that this type of housing is needed but is not adequately provided by the private sector, then the City wi 11 cons i der opt ions for encourag i ng such development, such as those implemented by the City of San Diego. Cost/Sources of Financinq It is proposed that CDBG, redevelopment, or General Fund funds will be used to assist Federal projects (202's etc.), Family Public housing, and the Shared Hous i ng program. The Redevelopment Hous i ng Fund and General Funds will be utilized for staff time necessary to review and implement the density bonus ordinances. In addition to other sources of funding the Community Development Corporation could be assisted with Redevelopment Housing funds for specific projects and/or operating expenses. ResDonsible Aqencies Planning Department Community Development Department City Attorney I I I -12 ;}-IO~ Schedule The exi st i ng Sect i on 202 Sa 1 vat i on Army project and the 22-unit Dorothy Street Public Family Housing Project could begin construction as early as Spring of 1991. An additional 18 units of Family Public Housing can be built as soon as a suitable site is found. Shared Housing is an on-going activity. Staff and citizen review of the density bonus ordinances will be completed and presented to City Council by July 1991 (concurrent with the Housing Element Update). In addition, Community Development staff should initiate study of vacancy rates in certain Senior Housing projects and incorporate applicable findings into the Senior Density Bonus Ordinance recommendations. Establishment of the local CDC, which involves forming a Board of Directors, incorporating, and initiating projects, will probably take one to three years depending on organizational strength. II I -13 Ol -IO.J OBJECTIVE 3 The broadening of available housing types and the increase of home ownership opportunities for low and moderate-income households. Policy 1. The City encourages the construction of projects offering a variety of housing types including townhomes, condominiums, and other units providing low and moderate-income ownership opportunities. 2. The City shall endeavor to provide assistance to low and moderate income families seeking homeownership, including exploration of available Federal and State programs and funding. 3. The City shall support and assist the development community in their efforts to provide units for low and moderate-income ownership. ImDlementina Actions A. Home Ownership Opportunities through the Affordable Housing Program Through its Affordable Housing Program, the City requires lower-priced homes to be built throughout the community. The City requires that each developer of for-sale projects over 50 units address the provi s i on of affordabl e homeownershi p opportunities. As a means to providing this housing, the City will assist the developer to explore creative financing opportunities, and to develop a Market i ng Pl an to target low and moderate- income households. B. Distribution of General Marketing Information The City will endeavor to compile current information on home mortgage lending including Federal, State and local programs, and to make this information available to the public. This information should include the names and phone numbers of lending institutions originating FHA, VA or other federally-guaranteed loans. All developers should be encouraged to work with FHA direct endorsement lenders or be required to provide such information to prospective home buyers. C. First-Time Home Buyer Loan Programs The City can assist low and moderate-income first-time homebuyers in the following ways: 1. Ident Hying a loan counsel i ng program through a 1 ender participating in such programs as the General Electric First Time Home Buyer Counseling Program; II I -14 :J-I()~ 2. Applying for a Mortgage Credit Certificate (MCC) allocation from the State; 3. Disseminating information on the California Housing Finance Agency (CHFA) first-time homebuyers assistance programs. 4. Investigating the establishment of a City-sponsored first-time homebuyers assistance program for both new construction and resa 1 e hous i ng. The City shall exami ne ways to 1 ever age 1 oca 1 funding to enable the program to create as many homeownership opportunities as is possible. D. Community Reinvestment Home loan Programs The City can provide information and direction to prospective homebuyers on loan programs with modified underwriting standards for homes purchased in low-income census tracts. E. Equity Share or Deferred loan Proposal The City wi 11 explore sett i ng as ide a port i on of its Hous i ng Fund, or util izing in-l ieu contributions collected under the Affordable Hous i ng Program, to ass i st fami lies whose incomes are be low 80% of median, and who do not have enough cash reserves to reduce a principal mortgage to an acceptable lending ratio. In exchange for this, an equity share participation at the time of resale, or a deferred low interest loan option would allow the City not only to recoup the loan but build the fund for future program activity. F. Sweat-Equity Projects Sweat-equity projects reduce the production costs for housing as the homeowners prov i de some or all of the labor requ i red to construct the homes. The City will explore assisting a low-income sweat-equity project by participating in site selection and land write-down. The City wi 11 ensure that such projects meet accepted standards, and will investigate ways to promote better public understanding and acceptance of such projects. G. Reverse Annuity Mortgage Program The concept of thi s program is to hel p elderly homeowners gain access to the cons i derab Ie equ i ty they may have in thei r homes. Under thi s program, the Federal government guarantees the loans to senior citizen homeowners which allows them to draw down a monthly stipend. The senior can enjoy the additional monthly income (with no fear of eviction). The program has worked well in Northern California cities but suffers from inadequate funding appropriations from Congress. In the event new appropriations are available for San Diego, Chula Vista will explore participating in the program. I II -15 ~ - los H. Mortgage Credit Certificates The City will investigate the feasibility of applying for a Mortgage Credit Certificate (MCC) allocation for Chula Vista. The MCC authori zes the holder to take certa i n Federal income tax credits. Qualified applicants may take an annual credit against Federal income taxes up to twenty percent (20%) of the annual interest paid on the applicant's mortgage. This value is taken into consideration by the mortgage 1 ender in underwrit i ng the home loan, and may be used to adjust the borrower's housing costs, thereby increasing the applicant's ability to afford a mortgage payment. I. Single Family Mortgage Revenue Bonds The City will pursue the issuance of additional tax-exempt Mortgage Revenue bonds when feasible under State and Federal guidelines. Bonds can be issued by the City, County or non-profit organizations for single-family housing. Federal law requires that bond issues restrict at least 20% of total available units for households earning under 80% of the County median income for ten years. Tax-exempt bonds can also be issued for the purpose of refi nanc i ng units; this could be initiated for the existing County and City bond-financed apartment units prior to the expiration of the ten year term of affordability. J. Educational Programs for Homeowners The City will encourage developers, lenders and social service organizations to provide educational programs and materials for homeowners and potential homeowners on home maintenance, improvement, and financial management. The purpose of the educational programs will be to help, especially first-time homeowners, understand the importance of ma i ntenance, equi ty, and appreciation, and to budget properly to accompl ish such and avoid losing their homes. Cost/Source of FinancinQ The Redevelopment Housing Fund will fund the staff time necessary to research the potent i a 1 app 1 i cabi 1 ity of all of these recommend at ions. In-lieu contributions potentially collected under the Affordable Housing Program, and monies from loan repayments and equity shares could also provide funding for assistance. ResDonsible AQencies Community Development Schedule The City will begin distribution of general marketing information as soon as possible. The City will also initiate, by June 1991, an assessment of the desireabil ity and feasibil ity of developing a comprehensive first-time homebuyers program, and the establishment of a revolving fund of monies to provide such assistance. 111-16 ::/-10e,;, OBJECTIVE 4 Preservation of mobilehome park living as a source of affordable housing. Policy 1. The City will evaluate programs related to mobilehome 1 iving and support those which are needed to preserve affordability. ImDlementinQ Actions A. Cont i nue to provide grants to 1 ow- income fami 1 i es to rehabi 1 itate their mobilehomes through the Mobile Home Rehabilitation Grant Program (Trailer/Mobilehome CHIP Program). B. Explore upgrading trailer parks to allow conversion to exclusive mobilehome park zones. Prepare a staff report recommending which trailer parks are the most viable for such conversions. Utilize both Redevelopment Hous i ng Fund tra i 1 er loans and CDBG ent it 1 ement funds to upgrade infrastructure in these parks. C. Monitor and enforce the City's Rent Arbitration Ordinance to protect the rights of mobilehome residents in preserving this affordable housing alternative. To provide financial assistance to low-income residents requesting arbitration through the Rent Arbitration Assistance Fund. D. Monitor and enforce the City's Mobilehome/Trailer Park Conversion Ordinance to protect the rights of mobilehome residents. In conjunction with anticipated mobilehome park closures, and the City'S redevelopment efforts, urge the Council to undertake a comprehensive study to relocate or replace affordable housing opportunities at risk by such actions. Consider the establishment of a pol icy and/or program for replacement through acqu i sit i on and redevelopment of these sites with affordable housing projects. Where underlying zoning is commercial, consider the provision of afforable units as part of a mixed-use development. Additionally, consider a condition of "first right of refusal" to the City or non-profit on land acquisition and/or a "first right of refusal" on the new units to existing park residents. E. Assist mobilehome park residents to purchase their parks and convert to resident ownership by operating the City's Mobilehome Assistance Program and assisting with the application for other funding sources such as the State Mobilehome Assistance Program. F. Promote participation by referring eligible residents to the San Diego County Mobilehome Rent Assistance Program. The County program assists by subsidizing space rent for low-income seniors. G. Ident i fy new programs in cooperat i on with the Western Mobil ehome Park Owners Association to preserve the affordability of mobilehome park residency. 111-17 ,;}-/O1- Cost/Source of FinancinQ Housing Fund Redevelopment Fund CDBG Fund General Fund WMA ResDonsible AQencies Community Development Department City Attorney Planning Department Building and Housing Department Mobilehome Issues Committee III-IB a -I tJ8 OBJECTIVE 5 The systematic renewal, rehabilitation, conservation, and improvement of the residential neighborhoods of the Chula Vista Planning Area. Policy 1. The City shall address the development of mechanisms designed to prevent at-risk affordable units from conversion to market rate rents. 2. The City will continue to initiate pro-active programs for neighborhood revital ization and improvement, and to supply support funding for these efforts, especially in neighborhoods with higher concentrations of lower-income households. 3. The City shall continue to advocate conservation measures to preserve existing housing stock, variety, and affordability. ImDlementinQ Actions A. Conserve At-Risk Affordable Housing Units The City has 386 affordable housing units which are potentially "at-risk" during the planning period because the property" owners have prepayment options in their mortgages. Since Congress passed the Emergency Low-Income Housing Preservation Act in 1987 (ELlHPA) and the Low- Income Hous i ng Preservat i on and Res i dent Homeownershi p Act of 1990 (LIHPRHA), the likelihood of prepayment has been 1 essened. The City can play a crit i ca 1 role in protect i ng these units by making sure they do not "fall through the legislative cracks" . Under both federal laws, the owner who is interested in the prepayment opt i on can take advantage of the i ncent i ves that both ELIHPA and LlHPRHA offer to provide a reasonable return and yet maintain affordability. Some property owners who feel frustrated by HUD wi 11 not want to take advantage of the i ncent i ves offered to them under ELlHPA and LIHPRHA. The law allows these owners to prepay if a qualified owner does not come forward in fifteen months. The City must be prepared to deal with owners who are determined to sell. The City has received Notice of Intent to Prepay from two projects, with a possible loss of 86 affordable units. The City shall involve itself in the negotiation process that is mandated under ELIPHA and LIHPRHA to ensure that every opportunity to retain affordability is pursued. I II -19 ~ -/fJ1 The following actions are proposed to respond to the "at-risk" conditions in Chula Vista: 1. The City will review its inventory of rental housing and determine which units have prepayment options and at what date. The City will monitor the process of negotiations and participate as necessary. The City will work to prevent prepayment based on a unsuccessful escrow or a finding of "not needed in the community". 2. The City will identify potential buyers for "at risk" projects and assist in finding financing for purchase. The City will give assistance priority to non-profit community development corporations who can demonstrate capability and who will maintain long-term affordability. Joint ventures between non-profit and for-profit developers will also be considered. The City may consider providing predevelopment funding to enable non-profits to complete the initial steps in acquisition. 3. The City may form an ad-hoc committee comprised of non-profit and for-profit developers, City staff, other I oca I government officials, and tenants of "at-risk" units to develop a formal strategy for preservation. B. Community Appearance/Neighborhood Improvement Program The Buil di ng and Hous i ng Department wi 11 cont i nue to oversee and impl ement thi s pro- act i ve program of nei ghborhood preservat i on and improvement. Initiated in March 1989, this program targets specific neighborhoods exhibiting high volumes of citizen complaints in which Code Enforcement Officers, teaming with residents and designated "Block Captains", formulate clean-up/fix-up campaigns for the neighborhoods. Announcement handbi 11 s specifi ca lly descri bi ng what residents and homeowners can do to improve their property standards, and what items Code Enforcement Officers will be inspecting, including dates and times, are then distributed. Free trash dumpsters are al so provided. Each property is subsequently inspected by Code Enforcement Offi cers with spec i fi c defi c i enci es highl ighted and aesthetic recommendations identified. Not ices are left with residents identifying targeted clean-up dates, follow-up reinspections, and available assistance. C. Housing Inspection Program The Building and Housing Department will continue to administer this program directed toward the ma i ntenance of health and safety in mult i -family rental hous i ng. Under the program, a Code Enforcement Officer is designated to systematically inspect all rental housing complexes and to issue reports on conditions in violation of current Hea lth and Safety Codes. Where necessary work is fa i rly extens i ve, referrals to the City's rehabil itation loan coordinator are made. This pro-active program prioritizes inspections based on structure age and condition, with all complexes showing advanced deterioration receiving annual inspections and complexes newer than 10 years being inspected every 2-3 years. 111-20 ~ -liD D. Abatement of Non-Conformi ng Uses and Removal of Dil apidated Structures The Building and Housing Department will continue to monitor adherence to minimum standards of habitability and appearance in targeted nei ghborhoods, and upon request. Nonconformi ng uses and dilapidated structures will be removed from residential areas. Nonconformi ng uses, if allowed to rema i n on an i ndefi nite bas is, tend to encourage zoning violations and ill-advised zoning amendments. E. Rehabilitation Programs 1. Community Housing Improvement Program (CHIP) The CHIP program provides favorable loans to low-income owners for rehabil itation of mobilehomes and trailers, owner-occupied homes, and rental units. In addition, the City provides grants of up to $1,000 for minor repairs. The City will maintain the same level of approximately 40 single-family and mobile home rehabilitation loans each year. If additional funding becomes ava il abl e through the HOME Investment Partnershi p program, the City will consider increasing the level of rehabil itation activity. 2. Rental Rehabilitation As the Federal government is expected to phase-out this program within the next year, the City has a limited time to make use of this funding. The new federal program, HOME Investment Partnership, will provide a new source of funding for rental rehabil itation but with different rules and regulations. The City wi 11 coordi nate an effort to inform apartment owners who are cited for code violations about the rental rehabilitation program and ass i st those who are interested in app lyi ng for funding. F. Neighborbood Revitalization Program (NRP) The City will continue to implement and fund the NRP which was developed in 1988 and targeted to the newly annexed Montgomery Community. The NRP is a comprehens i ve res i dent-part i ci pat i on renewal-oriented program of housing and infrastructural rehabil itation within select target areas whose physical condition is in need of special attention. The program seeks to prioritize needs for housing and infrastructural improvements such as paving, curbs, gutters, sidewalks, and drainage facilities, and to develop a schedule to coordinate provision of improvements with available resources and the City's Capital Improvement Program (CIP) schedule, and the Housing Rehabilitation Program (CHIP). II I -21 ;) - III G. Condominium Conversions The City shall continue to regulate residential condominium and stock cooperat i ve convers ions in order to protect exi st i ng tenants and promote the orderly growth and amenity of Chula Vista. If such conversions adversely affect the availability of housing for low and moderate income households to an appreciable extent, the City shall adopt remedial measures. H. Educational programs for homeowners The City will encourage developers, lenders and social service organizations to provide educational programs and materials for homeowners and potent i a 1 homeowners on home ma i ntenance and financial management. The purpose of the educational programs will be to help homeowners to maintain their property in good condition and appearance and to budget properl y to avoi d 1 os i ng thei r home through foreclosure. Cost/Source of FinancinQ Redevelopment Housing Fund, CDBG entitlement funds, HUD Rental Rehab Funds, State Rental Rehab Funds and General Funds. ResDonsible AQencies Community Development Department Housing and Building Department Planning Department Schedule Ongoing 111-22 ~/~ OBJECTIVE 6 To provide housing assistance to individuals and families who are homeless and enable them to move back into permanent housing. Policy The City shall actively participate in regional and local efforts to establish transitional housing and emergency shelter programs in the South Bay, and will encourage the involvement of local non-profits. Imolementina Actions A. Participate in a Regional Approach to Address Homelessness The City has identified the need for both transitional housing programs, in which families are housed for up to one year and provided with assistance to get back into permanent housing, and emergency shelter beds, in which families are allowed to stay for up to 30 days. Any facilities sited within the City are likely to serve the entire South Bay subregion. With a regional plan and a commitment from all participating juri sdi ct ions and interested soci a 1 servi ce providers, it wi 11 be easier to site and develop transitional and emergency housing programs. The groundwork has already been laid with a study on homelessness in the South Bay conducted by the Regional Task Force on the Homeless. One obstacl e to development of shelter programs outs ide the urban core is community opposition, as residents fear the effect homeless programs and people may have on their neighborhood. Regional coordination in the establishment of transitional housing and shelters can help overcome community opposition. B. Facilitate Transitional Housing Programs Although regional cooperation is a logical approach, the City will not depend solely on this strategy to address the homeless problem. The City will consider providing financial and technical assistance to any organization or consortium of organizations seeking to establ i sh programs to serve the homel ess popul at i on. The Ci ty wi 11 take other steps, as necessary, to hcil itate these programs (such as amending zoning regulations to allow temporary church-sponsored shelters). Site control is of paramount importance for securing State and Federal funding. The City will consider providing assistance in the site selection and acquisition process, and this may include loans, land dedications, or land cost write-downs. C. Identify Non-profit Providers to Operate Emergency Shelter Programs Non-profit providers are hesitant to undertake emergency shelter and transitional housing programs because of the difficulty in securing adequate operat i ona 1 funds. In addit i on to room and board, most I II - 23 ~ - /13 shelter programs provi de some type of soci al services. Providers rely heavily on private donations and volunteers to fill funding gaps. The matter of securi ng adequate ope rat i ona 1 funds shoul d be referred to the Human Servi ces Council for eva 1 uat i on and recommendation. The City can directly assist shelter providers with CDBG or Redevelopment Housing funds, and encourage them to apply for available Federal and State Funding (McKinney, LS.P. etc.). If needed, the City may also consider assistance from General Fund revenues. D. Support Existing Services for the Homeless Four non-profit agencies distribute shelter vouchers to needy families, which allows them to stay at the St. Vincent de Paul Center or a designated local motel. One hotel provides free rooms on a limited basis through the Hotel/Motel Partnership Program. Duri ng the wi nter months, the Interfaith Shelter Network provides shelter for up to 12 people at local participating churches. The City will continue to encourage these efforts to provide emergency shelters and will util ize CDBG funding, as appropriate, to aid in these efforts. Cost/Source of Financino Funding for acquisition and operation of shelters and transitional housing are available from Federal and State programs and private foundations. Staff time to facilitate a shelter project would be supported by CDBG entitlement funds, or Redevelopment Housing Funds. ResDonsible Aoencies Community Development Department Non-profit social service providers Schedule The process of establishing a shelter program will take approximately one year after the fundi ng is approved. Referra 1 to the Human Servi ces Council for evaluation of operational funding will be made by August 1991. The 1 oca 1 Federal Emergency Management Admi ni strat ion (FEMA) board has placed a high priority on funding a shelter program in the South Bay; a proposal from Chula Vista will automatically receive extra points. The City and/or a non-profit provider can apply for up to $500,000 in the next funding cycle. II I -24 02 -II~ OBJECTIVE 7 Ensure the successful implementation of housing policies and programs through effective coordination, monitoring, and evaluation. Pol icy 1. The City will develop standards of performance upon which all affordable housing units will be measured, and will implement a monitoring and evaluation program to ensure that builders and beneficiaries meet program requirements. 2. The City shall annually review affordable housing efforts and make necessary adjustments to meet quantified objectives. 3. The City shall play an active role in affordable housing and will devote resources non-profits, and other providers as necessary. the encouragement of to ass i st developers, ImolementinQ Actions A. Review and revise affordable housing standards Staff will review, revise, and establish standards and performance guidel ines for assistance programs. affordable the City's housing various Definitions will include: 1) Acceptable affordability income and rent ranges 2) Minimum duration of restrictions 3) Percentages of units to be set aside per unit mix and by total project Once the updated standards and performance guidelines have been completed, City staff will prepare a brochure explaining the various requirements, terms and conditions of each affordable housing program available. Staff will also develop a flow chart which delineates project processing and indicates when and how affordable housing efforts are considered and by whom. In addition, the City will initiate a proactive information campaign to foster greater community awareness of affordable housing issues, available assistance programs, and associated City efforts. B. Establish a Comprehensive Funding and Housing Program Assistance Priority Strategy In conjunction with recent National Affordable Housing Act requi rements for development of a fi ve- year Comprehens i ve Hous i ng Assistance Strategy (CHAS), the City will seek to identify possible funding sources, the anticipated amount of funds available for local housing efforts, and therewith develop and prioritize a schedule of III-25 :J -lIS specific assistance activities to be undertaken. The primary purpose of such efforts is to focus available resources to shorter-term (annual or bi-annual) objectives, as a means to ensuring implementation throughout the broad spectrum of housing activities embodied in Part 3 of this Element. C. Implement an on-going monitoring and evaluation program In order to improve methods of overseeing successful implementation of Housing Element pol icies and programs, and provide for ongoing evaluation crucial to ensuring achievement of goals and objectives, the following actions are proposed: 1. The Commun i ty Development Department shall estab 1 ish and maintain a standardized system of evaluation to ensure that projects adhere to restrictions and that beneficiaries qualify for affordable housing programs. The initial formulation of this system will include a compl iance study of existing units under contract restrictions. 2. The Departments of Planning and Community Development shall establish a monitoring and reporting system for evaluating policy and program implementation and progress in achieving quant ifi ed hous i ng object i ves. In accordance wi th report i ng requirements under AS 2248, and HUD's Comprehensive Housing Assistance Strategy (CHAS) plans, an annual report of findings and recommendat ions wi 11 be comp 1 i ed. Th i s annual report shall be reviewed by the Housing Advisory Committee, Planning Commission, and City Council for their direction regarding its recommendations. 3. The City shall review the existing Housing Advisory Committee (HAC) with intent to redefine and expand its role, functions, and makeup to include oversight of the Housing Element's implementation. In this expanded capacity the HAC would review all affordable housing proposals and forward recommendation to the appropriate decision making body. They would also provide observations and input to staff on overall Element implementation, and would be the body through which the annual evaluation report is formulated. 4. The Departments of Planning and Community Development shall establish procedures for notification on activities which affect housing, including early notification and referral on residential project inquiries and applications to the designated ombudsman in each Department. D. Establish an Affordable Housing Quality of Life Threshold Standard City staff will investigate the establishment of a threshold standard for affordable housing efforts to be added to the existing eleven (II) other standards, and annually reviewed by the Growth Management Overs ight Commi ttee (GMOC). Sa i d standard woul d defi ne minimum criteria for affordable housing efforts on an annual basis in conjunction with the Housing Elements needs assessment and Comprehensive Action Plan. III - 26 ~-/l1rI Cost/Source of Financinq Redevelopment Housing Funds, application fees, and limited General Funds will support this monitoring and evaluation effort. Responsible Aqencies Community Development Planning Department Housing Advisory Committee Schedule The informational brochure will be made available to the public within six months of the date the guidelines are adopted by City Council. Prior to adoption of this Element in July 1991, the Housing Advisory Committee expansion shall be analyzed, and the new roles and functions formally adopted, including the appointment of new members as necessary. The first Housing conducted one year adopted by the City be July 1992. Element from the Council. implementation progress review will be date the Housing Element Update 1991 is The approximate date for this review would II1-27 ~ -II~ OBJECTIVE 8 The elimination of racial, age, religious, sexual and economic bias and discrimination in housing provision, and the ensurance of fair lending practices. Policy 1. The City will work to ensure the provlslon of fair housing practices in the sale, rental, and advertising of housing units and in the lending practices of banks and thrifts. 2. The City will endeavor to create a working dialog with the lending community, and to actively encourage their involvement in affordable housing efforts. Implementinq Actions A. Fair Housing Program The City will continue to provide fair housing counseling services and other referral activities which are designed to further the fair housing requirements of Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968. The City currently has a part-time Fair Housing Officer who responds to any requests or complaints regarding fair housing practices within the City. B. Annual Fair Housing Assessment In accordance with HUD requirements for the CDBG program, the City will conduct an annual fair housing assessment to determine the actual level of discrimination in rental housing, for sale housing, and lending. This assessment shall also include a review of the Community Reinvestment activity of local lenders. C. Affirmative Fair Marketing Plans The City will require all developers of housing projects which contain more than twenty (20) dwelling units to prepare an "Affirmative Fair Marketing Plan", which will be designed to attract prospective home buyers and/or tenants within specified income ranges, and the proposed market area, regardl ess of gender, age, race, national origin or religion. Cost/Source of Financinq CDBG Responsible Aqencies Community Development Department Schedule Ongoing II I -28 ;J-lIt OBJECTIVE 9 Reduction and/or removal to the greatest extent possible of identified constra i nts to the development, ma i ntenance, and improvement of hous i ng within the Planning Area. Policy 1. The City is committed to providing all feasible assistance to project applicants to reduce the time and costs associated with project review and approval. 2. The City will evaluate on an ongoing basis City policies and programs related to housing and infrastructure provision as they present potential constraints. 3. The City will continue to offer ass i stance financing. to monitor finance and lending conditions and to applicants in obtaining supplemental ImDlementina Actions A. Expedite the Processing of Affordable Housing Projects In order to reduce project costs associated with lengthy review, staff will develop a policy and set of guidelines which: 1. Specify the type of projects which will receive priority processing 2. Estab 1 ish procedures to evaluate projects to determi ne if they meet affordable housing goals. 3. Establish specific procedures for "fast tracking." This may i nc 1 ude a central i zed app 1 i cat i on process for all affordable housing projects, and tailored review procedures to reduce time and costs. In addition, staff will create a flow chart delineating project process i ng and i ndi cat i ng when and how affordable hous i ng efforts are considered and by whom. B. Designate an Affordable Housing Ombudsman The "ombudsman" position would be responsible for coordinating all affordable housing projects, and would oversee intradepartmental coordination of all aspects of a projects processing and review as they relate to the Housing Element's objectives, policies, and programs. It is intended that this person would assist applicants in expediting projects. C. Establish specific procedures for evaluating requests for subsidies involving fees, land write-downs, and other forms of City assistance. II I - 29 9 -II' D. Encourage demonstration or experimental housing projects which reduce building costs and increase affordability. The City will study and identify viable and acceptable methods for reducing housing production costs and increasing affordability where such methods will not jeopardize the goal for equal amenities in housing for all incomes. E. Consider the impacts to affordable housing which may result from rezonings involved with the General Plan/Zoning Consistency Study. F. Continue to encourage the use of flexible development through the Planned Community (PC) Zone and Precise Modifying District, where such are clearly identified with availability of affordable housing. standards Pl an (P) increased G. Designate staff and availing themselves assistance. develop resources to assist developers in of alternative and supplemental financial Cost/Source of FinancinQ Staff time for development and implementation of the "fast-track" processing will be provided by General Fund and Development fees. ResDonsible AQencv Planning Department Community Development Department Schedule Preparation of fast track procedures and an application process for affordable housing projects will be undertaken by July 1991. Staff will continue, on an ongoing basis, evaluation of City actions on housing as they present potential constraints. I II-3D ~-1J~ 0 OBJECTIVE 10 To encourage the development of new housing, and the retrofitting of existing housing, with features to address environmental issues such as energy and water conservation and recycling. Policy The City will require new developments to comply with applicable Federal, State, regional, and local policies and regulations regarding energy and water conservation and air quality improvement. ImDlementinQ Actions A. Encourage energy and water conservation features and recycling storage areas in new housing in conjunction with the City's existing "Policy for the Conservation of Energy and Water within the City of Chula Vista". B. Continue to encourage the weatherization programs for low-income households currently sponsored by the MAAC project. C. Continue to require the installation of dual-piping systems in new projects to accommodate the use of reel aimed water for 1 andscapi ng and other applications as feasible. D. Continue to require the submission of a "water management plan" and "air quality improvement plan" for large development projects at the Sectional Planning Area (SPA) Plan stage or similar level of review. E. Title 24 Compliance Review - The Building and Housing Department will continue to perform residential Title 24 energy analyses as part of building plan check procedures. Costs/Sources of FinancinQ There will be no direct cost conservat i on and recyc 1 i ng. providing CDBG funding for housing with water and energy to the City for encouraging water and energy The City will explore the possibility of the retrofit of low and moderate-income conservation features. ResDonsible AQency Building and Housing Department Planning Department Community Development Department Schedule Dngoing. I Il-31 ~-/~I OBJECTIVE 11 To fully address specific housing issues as they affect our community and to enforce applicable laws and ordinances. Policy 1. The City wi 11 seek to ma i nta in an appropri ate balance of hous i ng to jobs in order to provide adequate housing opportunities for employees of local businesses. 2. The City will rep 1 acement in the local ordinances. require affordable housing construction and Coasta 1 Zone in accordance with State 1 aw and ImDlementinq Actions A. The City will encourage a balance of housing to jobs The City will investigate the 1 inkage between employment generation to the increased demand for 1 ow- income hous i ng. As can be seen by the needs assessment findings in Part 2 of this Element Update, the most significant employment opportunities forecasted to be generated withi n the next fi ve years wi 11 be in the trad it i ona lly lower payi ng servi ce and reta i 1 sectors. In conjunct i on with th i s forecast, it is proposed that the City's Economic Development Commission and Housing Advisory Committee initiate a study and provide direction towards addressment of jobs-housing balance. If the housing demand is for non-family housing, the conversion and rehabil itat i on of exi st i ng hotels to Si ngl e Room Occupancy Hotels (SRO's), or the construction of new SRO's, for service sector employees should be investigated. Some zoning and code requirements may be amended in an effort to make these projects feasible. The City may establish requirements which restrict City lending or assistance involvement to guaranteed affordability levels, and/or first priority to local persons in need. B. Housing Linkage Fee In conjunction with the above referenced study on jobs/housing balance, the City will also investigate the establishment of a housing linkage fee for commercial and industrial development, and/or establishment of an affordable housing development impact fee system. Should such fee program(s) be developed, a trust fund for the monies would be established concurrently. C. Protect Coastal Zone Housing In accordance with the Affordable Housing Program, any housing projects constructed within the Coastal Zone will be required to provide at least 10% of the housing units to low and moderate income households. The City will encourage those developers to investigate all financial and development incentives currently available to assist provision of the units. 111-32 J-I"a Where conversion or demotion of housing units in the Coastal Zone occupied by low or moderate-income households is proposed, such act i vity wi 11 be undertaken in accordance with State 1 aw and the City's adopted Coastal Plan as follows: 1. Replacement of such housing will be required within the Coastal Zone or, when infeasible, within three miles of the site of conversion or demolition. 2. Where conversion or demolition of low and moderate-income units is a result of a private action, the party taking action will be required to provide the replacement units. 3. Where conversion or demolition is a result of City or Redeve 1 opment Agency act i on, the City or Redevelopment Agency will provide the replacement housing units under existing Relocation Ordinances. D. Provide Relocation Assistance As Required by Law The provision of relocation assistance for families forced to move due to government i ntervent i on wi 11 cont i nue to be enforced through municipal ordinance and all applicable State and Federal guidelines. Cost/Source of Financinq The staff time for research on the jobs/housing balance, monitoring of coastal zone projects, provision of relocation assistance, and enforcement of mobilehome ordinances will be supported by the Redevelopment Housing Fund. Responsible Aqencies Community Development Planning Department Building and Housing Department Schedule Prior to the end of 1991, the matter of jobs/housing balance should be brought before the City's Economic Development Commission for discussion. WPC 0010p 111-33 ~ -/~3