HomeMy WebLinkAbout2006/09/19 Item 20
COUNCIL AGENDA STATEMENT
Item c9D
Meeting Date 09/19/06
ITEM TITLE:
Status Report on the Major Intersection Safety Program allowing
the City Council to provide policy direction regarding the potentia!
use of red light camera enforcement in the city.
Acting Director of Engineering fl"'{l., 1" 1..-17-
Chief of Police'))\l.i.l;
r~ift~
Interim City Manager (j I (4/S'hS Vote: Yes _ No..x.J
In 2005, the Neighborhood Traffic & Pedestrian Safety Program was created in order to
focus on neighborhood traffic calming, major intersection safety and pedestrian and
bicyclist safety. The importance of this effort was underscored by the results of the 2005
Chula Vista Police Department Resident Opinion Survey, which indicated that four of the
five top areas of concern for our residents were traffic related. This item provides a
status update on program efforts in this area and provides the opportunity for the City
Council to have a policy discussion regarding the potentia! use of red light camera
enforcement in our city.
SUBMITTED BY:
REVIEWED BY:
RECOMMENDATION: That Council accepts the report and direct staff to proceed
with further investigation of the potential to utilize red light camera enforcement in the
city.
BOARDS/COMMISSIONS RECOMMENDATION: The (Traffic) Safety
Commission has received presentations on the Neighborhood Traffic and Pedestrian
Safety Program, as well as the Major Intersection Safety effort and provided many
suggestions and indicated general support.
The Public Safety Sub-Committee received a presentation regarding Major Intersection
Safety at its June 28, 2006 meeting. The Sub-Committee provided additional ideas and
suggestions and indicated general support.
DISCUSSION:
Beginning in Fiscal Year 2006, the Engineering Department began development of a
forma! Neighborhood Traffic and Pedestrian Safety Program (NT&PSP) with the
intention of updating our City's approach to problem solving in three areas of focus:
Neighborhood Traffic Calming, Major Intersection Safety, and Pedestrian and Bicyclist
Safety. The approach to problem solving incorporates the "Three E's"--Engineering,
Enforcement and Education.
20-1
Page 4, Item dO
Meeting Date 09/19/06
;y 40% did not see the signal;
;y 25% tried to beat the yellow light;
;y 12% thought they had a green light;
;y 8% intentionally violated the signal;
;y 6% were unable to bring their vehicle to a stop
;y 4% followed another vehicle into the intersection and did not
look at the signal indication;
;y 3 % were confused by another signal at the intersection;
;y 2% were varied in their cause.
Our evaluation and development of recommendations for the top Chula Vista
intersections also includes a review of collision reports to learn more about accident
victims and witness perspectives regarding factors contributing to accidents.
Red Light Running
A comprehensive literature review and best-in-class survey conducted during program
development led to special attention on what is considered to be the primary cause of
crashes at signalized intersections-red light running.
The FHWA's 2002 figures indicate a national incidence of 218,000 red light running
crashes resulting in 181,000 injuries, 880 fatalities and an economic loss of $14 billion.
The FHW A states that red light running is on the rise with other aggressive driving
behaviors, which is of particular interest to us given the resident survey data2 ranking
aggressive driving as the second top resident concern behind speeding vehicles.
In order to further our understanding of resident concerns in this area, an additional
survey was distributed in both English and Spanish via email to over 500 residents. A
22% response rate was achieved with the following results:
. 86% are concerned about red light running
· 51 % witness red light running several times a week
· 82 intersections were identified as areas of concern
· 30 of those intersections were mentioned by more than one respondent
Enforcement
Each intersection evaluation also includes consideration of enforcement as an
intervention where engineering enhancements are not warranted or until engineering
measures can be installed. Enforcement activities used to treat safety problems can be
categorized as one of two types: officer and camera.
.officer Enforcement: This enforcement method is frequently requested and is generally
regarded as successful in reducing violations but is labor-intensive. Officer enforcement
2 2005 Chula Vista Police Department Resident Opinion Survey conducted by SANDAG
20-4
:)0
Page 5, Item_
Meeting Date 09/19/06
is typically done by a single officer taking an inconspicuous position at an intersection
where the signal can clearly be seen. After observing a violation it is necessary to follow
the violator through the intersection in order to stop and cite the driver.
A safer alternative requiring a higher staff commitment, involves the use of separate
observer and pursuit officers. The first officer witnesses the violation and then radios the
information to the second officer who is commonly located downstream of the signal and
will stop the driver and issue the citation.
Enforcement lights are an alternative to team enforcement. An enforcement light is
attached to the signal head and is wired directly to the corresponding red light. These
lights are illuminated while the traffic signal indication is red. They allow a single officer
stationed downstream of the signal to observe vehicles entering the intersection and note
whether the signal indication is red. Enforcement lights eliminate the need for team
enforcement and, therefore, have a lower operating cost. More importantly, they increase
the safety of single officer enforcement. Our intersection evaluations include
consideration of this tool as an enforcement option.
Research done by the Texas Transportation Institute in cooperation with the FHWA and
Texas Department of Transportation indicates that officer enforcement strategies vary in
effectiveness depending on whether the approach is overt (officer and vehicle visible) or
covert. Visible officers are likely to have a more significant impact on violation
frequency than hidden officers. However, the effectiveness of the enforcement
diminishes rapidly once the officer leaves the intersection with violation rates returning to
pre-enforcement levels within a day or so after. The more successful officer enforcement
efforts are likely those that are implemented on an area-wide basis with innovative
enforcement strategies (e.g., visible officer presence and random location selection) and
include a public awareness campaign.
Since Chula Vista has over 250 signalized intersections each with multiple approaches,
sworn officers can monitor compliance at only a few intersections for only a few hours at
a time.
In light of the data discussed above and best practices in place in other cities (both in the
United States and in the United Kingdom), new strategies are being developed for testing
in our City. These include the implementation of a more systematic approach to officer
enforcement at the top priority intersections using high visibility tactics and advance
warning strategies.
Camera Enforcement: Red light cameras have been deployed with the greatest success
where they have been implemented as one element of an overall traffic safety
management program. Red light cameras should not be viewed as the sole solution to red
light running. There is no one remedy for the traffic safety enhancements or the
reduction in collisions at signalized intersections but rather a toolbox of measures all of
which have a role to play.
20-5
Page 6, Item dO
Meeting Date 09/19/06
The most comprehensive study to date regarding the impact of red light cameras on
serious crashes (U.S. Department of Transportation, 2005) included seven jurisdictions
and 132 intersections using red light cameras. Findings included the following:
. 25% decrease of total right-angle crashes
. 16% decrease of injury right-angle crashes
. 15% increase of rear-end crashes
. 24% increase of injury rear-end crashes
It is important to note that right-angle crashes are more likely to result in more
significant injuries than rear-end collisions. The Federal Highway Administration
supports the trade off in accident types noting that the severity of rear-end crashes and
type of injuries typically sustained in rear-end crashes are usually much less than
damages experienced in right-angle crashes.
Cities using red light cameras have also begun to report reductions to collisions citywide
along with reductions just at enforced intersections suggesting a potential "halo effect" of
positive benefit. While cities using red light cameras are required to post "Photo
Enforcement" signs at red light camera intersections, they are also permitted to post the
signs at entrance points to the city, as well as at unenforced intersections. Ventura,
California indicates a 29% collision reduction citywide and an 80% reduction at enforced
intersections. Data from Escondido, California shows a 40% collision reduction citywide
and a 40% reduction at enforced intersections.
The emailed resident survey discussed above also included questions regarding the
potential implementation of red light cameras in Chula Vista. Responses indicate the
following:
· 65% support implementation ofred light cameras
· That number increases to 72% when respondents learn about the potential
reduction in right-angle crashes
. 15% needed more information before making a decision
. 13% opposed the use of red light cameras
Red Light Camera Installation in Chula Vista
In reviewing the City's top 20 intersections, the study list initially showed 18
intersections to be potential candidates for the red light camera installation. However,
recommendations for eight of the 18 intersections indicated implementation of protected
turn lanes occur before further consideration of red light cameras. Therefore, at this time,
ten intersections are recommended for further red light camera evaluation in this first
phase of program implementation (see Attachment 1). Of those ten, should Council
support continuing with red light camera evaluation, it is anticipated that five to ten
locations will be recommended for installation of cameras in Phase One of a red light
camera program.
20-6
Page 7, Item dO
Meeting Date 09/19/06
Should Council direct proceeding with evaluation of red light camera enforcement; a
Request for Proposals (RFP) will be issued before the end of the calendar year. The RFP
will model the most successful and comprehensive points incorporated in other
jurisdictions and ensure that all issues raised by the State Auditor's evaluation (discussed
in more detail below) are addressed. Of significant importance is the requirement for the
vendor to set up test cameras at the potential Phase One locations to collect actual data
regarding traffic safety and vehicle violations before a final determination for red light
camera installation is made. Recommendations for installation of actual cameras would
be brought back to Council in coordination with the FY 2008 and 2009 budget process.
Future recommendations for additional red light cameras, if any, would consider the
results of the first phase.
Red Light Camera Considerations
In order to better protect public agencies from litigation, significant legislative changes
were put into place in 2002. These included:
. Program must be managed by the public agency (not by a vendor)
. Vendors paid based on a fixed monthly fee (not per ticket)
. Increased technical requirements for Red Light Camera and traffic signal
operation
In spite of those changes and requirements as identified in the California Vehicle Code,
significant due diligence is required to ensure implementation of a comprehensive and
fair program. Areas requiring special attention are summarized below.
Operational Weaknesses: In 2002, the California State Auditor issued an audit report
concerning the implementation, application and efficacy of red light camera programs
statewide done at the request of the Joint Legislative Audit Committee. The report
concluded that red light cameras have contributed to a reduction of accidents (3% to 21 %
in six of the seven study cities); however, significant operational weaknesses were
identified in the programs studied.
The report recommended that local governments take several actions to ensure that they
comply with state law for using red light cameras, maintain control over their programs,
and minimize the risk for legal challenges. Recommended actions included conducting
more rigorous oversight of vendors, establishing shorter periods for destroying c.ertain
confidential information, developing added controls to ensure that vendors only mail
authorized and approved citations, and periodically inspecting red light camera
intersections. Before installing red light cameras, local governments were encouraged to
consider whether engineering measures would improve traffic safety and be more
effective in addressing red light violations. Finally, to avoid overlooking dangerous
intersections. that are state owned, local governments should diligently pursue the
required state approvals through Caltrans, despite any resulting delays to installing their
cameras.
20-7
Page 8, Item dO
Meeting Date 09/19/06
All information regarding rigorous program administration is being thoroughly reviewed
by staff to develop policies, procedures and business rules for management of a potential
red light camera program.
Legal Considerations: There are significant legal requirements that must be met with
implementation of red light cameras and the issuance of citations for violations. There
are also legal considerations in light of previous legal challenges. This dimension
includes questions such as whether photographs can be used for purposes other than to
prosecute red light violations (e.g., carjacking with a homicide, hit-and-run accident,
armed robbery, etc.) These areas are also being thoroughly reviewed by the City
Attorney's Office and staff to ensure compliance and comprehensive inclusion in
policies, procedures and business rules.
Court System: There have been varied reports regarding the success of red light camera
programs in relation to the court systems within different jurisdictions. The next phase of
staff work includes continuing our dialogue with the EI Cajon Police Department and the
East County Court to understand their success to date and inviting our South Bay Court
into the process to do all that we can to ensure success with this aspect of the program.
Revenue and Cost Considerations: The State Auditor's Report was based on a review of
seven cities and supported survey data we gathered from 16 cities indicating that most
programs were breaking even at best with some having to budget funds for program
support.
A preliminary review of best practices and program audits indicates that additional
staffing and funds may be required to meet the engineering and police requirements, as
well as construction inspection and legal support. Should the Council direct proceeding
with implementation of a red light camera program; a full program recommendation
addressing this issue will be brought forward with the FY 2008 and 2009 budget.
Public Outreach and Education
A more comprehensive public outreach and education campaign is being launched in
conjunction with this action. Public education campaigns trying to address driver
behavior face special challenges. Surveys from across the nation show high percentages
of drivers having significant concerns in common areas (e.g., red light running, speeding,
driver inattention/cell phone use, eating while driving, etc.); and high percentages
indicate a desire for stiff penalties to curb these behaviors, but high percentages also
indicate that they themselves regularly engage in those troubling behaviors.
The outreach plan includes development and distribution of a public information
brochure (see Attachment 2); awareness banners posted at major city gateways and close
to shopping malls (see Attachment 3); collaboration with local schools to distribute
information and display marquee messages; launching of an updated web page; coverage
in the City's Spotlight publication, Communique and e-Brief; and enforcement sweeps
incorporating the advance warning and high visibility tactics mentioned above; and press
20-8
Page 9, Item d ()
Meeting Date 09/19/06
releases. The campaign also includes new traffic safety messages to be released quarterly
during the upcoming year again utilizing the communication vehicles mentioned above.
DECISION MAKER CONFLICTS: Staff has reviewed the property holdings of the
City Council and has found no property holdings within 500' of the boundaries of the
property which is the subj ect of this action.
FISCAL IMPACT: To date, staff work has been absorbed within existing budgeted
funds with public outreach materials funded through the NT &PSP Capital Improvement
Project. However, it is anticipated that eventual program implementation
recommendations will identify the need for additional staffing, staff time reimbursement
and educational outreach funds. Amounts will be dependent on the final
recommendations related to the NT &PSP. Staff anticipates that these recommendations
will be done in conjunction with the FY 2008 and 2009 budget process.
Attachments: Attachment I - Major Intersection Safety
Recommended Red Light Camera Locations
Attachment 2 - Stop on Red Public Education Brochure
Attachment 3 - Stop on Red Banner
J:\Engineer\AGENDA \CAS2006\09~ 19-06\Status Report. Stop On Red.doc
20-9
A TT ACHMENT # 1
Major Intersection Safety
Recommended Red Light Camera Locations
Intersection
1 Broadway & Palomar Street
2 Palomar Street & Industrial Boulevard
3 Third Avenue & "H" Street
4 East "H" Street & Del Rey Boulevard
5 East "H" Street & Paseo Del Rey
6 East "H" Street & Otay Lakes Road
7 Telegraph Canyon Road!Otay Lakes Road!
La Media Road
8 Otay Lakes Road & Eastlake Parkway
9 Telegraph Canyon RoadlHeritage Road!
Paseo Ranchero
10 Olympic Parkway & La Media Road
20-10
Jl
'-
,~
~
,
;
t'~~.-
BE SAFE
1. Keep an eye out for traffic signals.
Forty percent of rede' ,running crashes happen
because drivelS d6 ee the traffic signals.
2. Don't try to heatth
Twenty-five pere
because drivers
light in timec
t.
crashes happen
'rough the yellow
3. Don't inte~tio'n~llt, light.
Be patient, and save, yourself and others a trip
to the hospitaL.art,",e mor~~e.
',--",;o-,',c';-""'_
-" ~,,- ,
-",'~':-'" -- '" --
". "-"'-":'''''-',:>
',-i_l.- __
"""'-',",
and
_'_:"_',:_''-',':',<',:'::<.'''':.:_'_:~'',::,,?__\.;>:,c
\v'hat we're doingt6:ii~lp:;ke~
your fami]y safe:~'
The Engineering and Police D~pa<ip1ent'~~;wo;ki~g,: '.. .
together on a comprehensive:NeighbiJrfWod"Traffic and'.
Pedestrian Safety Programthatrincluges :;';focu~ on majo; .
. . ~ .'_;-:_':' -;",:'_"";,_ ,:.t,;:".,,-_"__-., >:f:"'--/", -,,~
intersectIon salety. ' . '.. .:.,c.':; 'J
,<}io'i' .^
. We're surveying
you think are the
'^,!/,ii,\'<:'-'"
mifi ihtersections
;'r0:~;:'~'::'-'
. Intersections with the. . ". t,d highest resident
concern levels are b!,irig"~fudi ,dt~'id",ntify'pofential
engineering enhan~elJl,,~h~. ;:d',\ \' ::';, ':;, .
;"--,'.w.:,,~
aign'
-~i9rs-.
'-',,___',c'CC-""'--
To learn more; go to
'-",-:>,;?'f:;' --
<<)
~
z
w
::E
:J:
~
.~
20-12