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HomeMy WebLinkAboutReso 2006-154 RESOLUTION NO. 2006-154 RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA CERTIFYING THE FINAL SECOND TIER ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT (EIR 02-02) FOR THE OTAY RANCH VILLAGE TWO, THREE, AND A PORTION OF VILLAGE FOUR SECTIONAL PLANNING AREA PLAN AND TENTATIVE MAP; MAKING CERTAIN FINDINGS OF FACT; ADOPTING A STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS; AND ADOPTING A MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM PURSUANT TO THE CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT WHEREAS, Otay Project L.P., submitted applications requesting approvals for a Sectional Planning Area (SPA) Plan, Tentative Map (TM), General Plan amendment, and Otay Ranch General Development Plan amendment, for Village Two, Three and a portion of Village Four (Project); and . WHEREAS, a Draft EIR 02-02 was issued for public review on March 1, 2006, and was processed through the State Clearinghouse; and WHEREAS, the Chula Vista Planning Commission held a duly noticed public hearing for Draft EIR 02-02 on April 19, 2006 to close the public review period; and WHEREAS, the Chula Vista Planning Commission held a duly noticed public hearing for the Draft EIR 02-02 on May 10,2006 and certified EIR 02-02 and adopted the Findings of Fact; Statement of Overriding Considerations; and the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program. Further, the Planning Commission also recommended that the City Council certify the document and adopt the Findings of Fact; Statement of Overriding Considerations; and the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program; and WHEREAS, a Final Environmental Impact Report (FEIR 02-02) was prepared on the Project SPA and TM; and WHEREAS, FEIR 02-02 incorporates, by reference, the prior EIRs that address the subject property including the Chula Vista General Plan EIR and the Final Otay Ranch GDP/SRP Program EIR (90-01), the Project SPA Plan; the Project Public Facilities Finance Plan as well as their associated Findings of Fact and Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program; and WHEREAS, to the extent that the Findings of Fact and the Statement of Overriding Considerations for the Project, dated May 2006 (Exhibit "A" of this Resolution, a copy of which is on file in the office of the City Clerk), conclude that proposed mitigation measures outlined in Final EIR 02-02 are feasible and have not been modified, superseded or withdrawn, the City of Chula Vista hereby binds itself and the Applicant and its successors in interest, to implement those measures. These findings are not merely information or advisory, but constitute a binding set of obligations that will come into effect when the City adopts the resolution approving the project. The adopted mitigation measures contained within the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program Section of EIR-02-02, are expressed as conditions of approval. Other requirements are referenced in the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program adopted concurrently with these Findings of Fact and will be effectuated through the process of implementing the Project. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 2 NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Chula - Vista does hereby find, determine, resolve and order as follows: I. PLANNING COMMISSION RECORD The proceedings and all evidence introduced before the Planning Commission at their public hearings on Draft EIR 02-02 held on April 19, 2006 and May 10, 2006, as well as the minutes and resolutions resulting therefrom, are hereby incorporated into the record of this proceeding. These documents, along with any documents submitted to the decision-makers, including documents specified in Public Resources Code Section 21167.6, subdivision(s), shall comprise the entire record of proceedings for any claims under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) (Public Resources Code S21000 et seq.). II. FEIR 02-02 CONTENTS That the FEIR 02-02 consists of the following: 1. Second-Tier EIR for the Project SPA Plan and TM (including technical appendices); and 2. Comments and Responses - 3. Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program (All hereafter collectively referred to as "FEIR 02-02") III. ACCOMP ANYING DOCUMENT TO FEIR 02-02 1. Findings of Fact and Statement of Overriding Considerations IV. CERTIFICATION OF COMPIANCE WITH CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT That the City Council does hereby find that FEIR 02-02, the Findings of Fact and the Statement of Overriding Considerations (Exhibit "A" to this Resolution, a copy which is on file with the office of the City Clerk), and the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program are prepared in accordance with the requirements of CEQA (Pub. Resources Code, 921000 et seq.), the CEQA Guidelines (California Code Regs. Title 14 S15000 et seq.), and the Environmental Review Procedures of the City ofChula Vista. V. INDEPENDENT JUDGMENT OF CITY COUNCIL That the City Council finds that the FEIR 02-02 reflects the independent judgment of the City of Chula Vista City Council. - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 3 VI. CEQA FINDINGS OF F ACT, MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM AND STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS A. Adoption of Findings of Fact The City Council does hereby approve, accepts as its own, incorporate as if set forth in full herein, and make each and everyone of the findings contained in the Findings of Fact, Exhibit "A" of this Resolution, a copy of which is on file in the office of the City Clerk. B. Statement of Overriding Considerations Even after the adoption of all feasible mitigation measures and any feasible alternatives, certain significant or potentially significant environmental effects caused by the project, or cumulatively, will remain. Therefore, the City Council of the City of Chula Vista hereby issues, pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15093, a Statement of Overriding Considerations in the form set forth in Exhibit "A," a copy of which is on file in the office of the City Clerk, identifying the specific economic, social and other considerations that render the unavoidable significant adverse environmental effects acceptable. C. Mitigation Measures Feasible and Adopted As more fully identified and set forth in FEIR 02-02 and in the Findings of Fact for this project, which is Exhibit "A" to this Resolution, a copy of which is on file in the office of the City Clerk, the City Council hereby finds pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21081 and CEQA Guidelines Section 15091 that the mitigation measures described in the above referenced documents are feasible and will become binding upon the entity (such as the project proponent or the City) assigned thereby to implement the same. D. Infeasibility of Alternatives As more fully identified and set forth in FEIR 02-02 and in the Findings of Fact, Section XII, for this project, which is Exhibit "A" to this Resolution, a copy of which is on file in the office of the City Clerk, the City Council hereby finds pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21081 and CEQA Guidelines Section 15091 that alternatives to the project, which were identified in FEIR 02-02, were not found to reduce impacts to a less than significant level or meet the project objectives. E. Adoption of Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program As required by the Public Resources Code Section 21081.6, the City Council hereby adopts the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program set forth in EIR- 02-02. The City Council further finds that the Program is designed to ensure that, during project implementation, the permittee/project applicant and any other responsible parties implement the project components and comply with the mitigation measures identified in the Findings of Fact and the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 4 VII. NOTICE OF DETERMINATION ~. That the Environmental Review Coordinator of the City of Chula Vista is directed after City Council approval of this Project to ensure that a Notice of Determination is filed with the County Clerk of the County of San Diego. These documents, along with any documents submitted to the decision-makers, including documents specified in Public Resources Code Section 21167.6, subdivision(s), shall comprise the entire record of proceedings for any claims under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) (Public Resources Code ~21000 et seq.). BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED THAT the City Council of the City of Chula Vista finds that the FEIR 02-02, the Findings of Fact and Statement of Overriding Considerations (Exhibit "A" to this Resolution, a copy which is on file with the office of the City Clerk), and Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of CEQA (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq.), CEQA Guidelines (California Code Regs. Title 14 Section 15000 et seq.), and the Environmental Review Procedures of the City of Chula Vista, and therefore should be certified. Presented by Approved as to form by -;~.)forJ\~~ Ann Moore City Attorney - -- Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 5 PASSED, APPROVED, and ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista, California, this 23rd day of May 2006 by the following vote: AYES: Councilmembers: Castaneda, Chavez, McCann, Rindone, and Padilla NAYS: Councilmembers: None ABSENT: Councilmembers: None d'~J~~J~ Stephen1. Padilla, Mayor ATTEST: J~ ( ;(,uJ,. Susan Bigelow, lYfMC, City Clerk IT STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO ) CITY OF CHULA VISTA ) I, Susan Bigelow, City Clerk of Chula Vista, California, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution No. 2006-154 was duly passed, approved, and adopted by the City Council at a regular meeting of the Chula Vista City Council held on the 23rd day of May 2006. Executed this 23rd day of May 2006. fi~ L-- Susan Bigelow, MMC, City Clerk ~ , Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 6 EXHIBIT A ~-- ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT FOR THE VILLAGES TWO, THREE, AND A PORTION OF FOUR SECTIONAL PLANNING AREA PLAN AND COMPOSITE TENTATIVE MAP CEQA FINDINGS OF FACT AND STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS ~" May 2006 ..-...., Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 7 T ABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND 1 II. ACRONYMS 2 III. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 7 IV. BACKGROUND 10 V. RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS 11 VI. FINDINGS REQUIRED UNDER CEOA 12 VII. LEGAL EFFECTS OF FINDINGS 15 VIII. MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM 15 IX. SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 16 X. CUMULATIVE SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 68 XI. FEASIBILITY OF POTENTIAL PROJECT ALTERNATIVES 75 XII. STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS 87 Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 8 BEFORE THE CHULA VISTA CiTY COUNCIL ............ RE: Villages Two, Three, and a portion of Four Sectional Planning Area Plan and Tentative Maps Environmental Impact Report (EIR); SCH #2003091012; EIR #02-02. FINDINGS OF FACT I. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND The Final Environmental Impact Report (Final EIR) prepared for the Villages Two, Three, and a portion of Four Sectional Planning Area Plan and Composite Tentative Map (TM) project addresses the potential environmental effects associated with implementation of the project. In addition, the Final EIR evaluates four alternatives to the proposed project: the No Project Alternative and three reduced development alternatives (Alternatives A, B, and C). The Final EIR represents a second tier EIR, in accordance with CEQA Section 21094, and tiers from the certified Program EIR prepared for the Otay Ranch General Development Plan (EIR #90-01/SCH #89010154). _ These findings have been prepared in accordance with requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) (Pub. Resources Code, S 21000 et seq.) and the CEQA Guidelines (Cal. Code Regs., Title 14, S 15000 et seq.). -. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 9 "CVT' means Chula Vista Transit "CWA" means Clean Water Act "dB(A)" means A-weighted decibels "DEH" means Department of Environmental Health "DHS" means Department of Health Services. "DIF" means Development Impact Fee "DMG" means California Division of Mines and Geology "DHS" means Department of Health Services "DOE" means Department of Energy "du/ac" means dwelling units per acre "DTSC" means Department of Toxic Substances Control. "EDUs" means Equivalent Dwelling Units. "EIR" means environmental impact report. "EPA" means Environmental Protection Agency. "ERNS" means Emergency Response Notification System. "ESL" means English as a Second Language. "FARs" means floor area ratios. "Fed/OSHA" means Federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration. "FEMA" means Federal Emergency Management Agency. "FESA" means Federal Endangered Species Act. "FHW A" means Federal Highway Administration. "FIRM" means Flood Insurance Rate Maps. "FMMP" means Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program. "GED" means General Education Development. "GDP" means General Development Plan. "GMOC" means Growth Management Oversight Committee. "gpd" means gallons per day. "GPS" means global positioning system. "GSF" means gross square feet. "HABS" means Historic American Building Survey. "HCD" means Housing and Community Development. "HCM" means Highway Capacity Manual "HUT" means Habitat Loss and Incidental Take "HWCL" means Hazardous Waste Control Law "IA" means Implementing Agreement "ICLEI" means International Council of Local Environmental Initiatives "110" means Imperial Irrigation District "IRP" means Integrated Water Resources Plan, 2003 Update "IWMA" means California Integrated Waste Management Act "JEPA" means Joint Exercise of Powers Authority "JURMP" means Jurisdictional Urban Runoff Management Program "LAC" means Local Assessment Committee "LCP" means Local Coastal Program Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 10 "LEA" means Local Enforcement Agency "LEED" means Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design "Lmax" means maximum noise level "LMV" means low-medium village "LOMA" means Letter of Map Amendment "LOMR-F" means Letter of Map Revision-Based on Fill "LOS" means level of service "LRT' means Light Rail Transit "LUST' means Leaking Underground Storage Tanks "LUSTIS" means Leaking Underground Storage Tanks Information System "LUT' means Land Use and Transportation Element "MEP" means maximum extent practicable "METRO" means Metropolitan Wastewater System "mgd" means million gallons per day "MHPA" means Multi-Habitat Planning Area "MITC" means Multi-Institutional Teaching Center "MSCP" means Multiple Species Conservation Program "MSL" means mean sea level "MW" means megawatt "MWD" means Metropolitan Water District of Southern California "NAAQS" means national ambient air quality standards "NCCP" means Natural Communities Conservation Planning Act "NDFE" means Non-Disposal Facility Element "NEIC" means National Earthquake Information Center "NFA" means No Further Action "NOP" means Notice of Preparation "NOx" means nitrogen oxides "NPDES" means National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System "NPL" means National Priorities List "NWR" means National Wildlife Refuge "OVRP" means Otay Valley Regional Park "OVT" means Otay Valley Trunk "OWD" means Otay Water District "PCC" means Portland cement concrete "PFDIP' means Public Facilities Development Impact Fee "PFFP" means Public Facilities Financing Plan "PLDO" means Park Land Dedication Ordinance "PM2.s" means 2.5-micron particulate matter "PM10" mans 1 O-micron particulate matter "ppm" means parts per million "QSA" means Quantification Settlement Agreement "RAP" means Remedial Action Plan "RAQS" means Regional Air Quality Standards - -. - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 11 "RCC" means Resource Conservation Commission "RCP" means Regional Comprehensive Plan "RCRA" means Resource Conservation and Recovery Act "RHB" means Radiological Health Branch "RMP" means Resource Management Plan "ROWs" means right-of-ways "RTP" means Regional Transportation Plan "RTIP" means Regional Transportation Improvement Program "RTV" means Regional Transit Vision "RWQCB" means Regional Water Quality Control Boards "SANTEC/ITE" means San Diego Traffic Engineering Council/Institute of Transportation Engineers. "SBPP" means South Bay Power Plant "SBWRP" means South Bay Water Reclamation Plant "SCAQMD" means South Coast Air Quality ManagementDistrict "SDAB" means San Diego Air Basin "SDCWA" means San Diego County Water Authority "SDG&E" means San Diego Gas & Electric Company "SDREO" means San Diego Regional Energy Office "SDWA" means Safe Drinking Water Act "SEIR" means Subsequent Environmental Impact Report "SEL" means sound exposure level "SFHA" means Special Flood Hazard Area "SIP" means State Implementation Plan "SLlC" means Spills, Leaks, Investigation and Cleanup "SMARA" means Surface Mining and Reclamation Act "SMGB" means State Mining and Geology Board "SoCaIGas" means Southern California Gas Company "SOx" means sulfur oxides "SPA" means Sectional Planning Area "SPL" means sound pressure level "SRP" means Subregional Plan "SRRE" means Source Reduction and Recycling Element "SUHSD" means Sweetwater Union High School District "SUSMP" means Standard Urban Stormwater Mitigation Plan "SVOCs" means semi-volatile organic compounds "SWIS" means Solid Waste Information System "SWP" means State Water Project "SWPPP" means storm water pollution prevention plan "SWRCB" means State Water Resources Control Board "T ACs" means Toxic Air Contaminants "T AZ' means traffic analysis zones "TC" means Town Center Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 12 -, "TCM" means transportation control measures "TDIP' means Transportation Development Impact Fee "TOM" means Transportation Demand Management "THI" means Total Health Hazards Index "TRIS" means Toxic Release Inventory System "TSM" means Transportation Systems Management "URMPs" means Urban Runoff Management Plans "USACE" means U.S. Army Corps of Engineers "USGS" means United States Geological Survey "USFWS" means U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service "UST' means Underground Storage Tank "VMT' means vehicle miles of travel "VQCs" means volatile organic compounds ''WCP" means Water Conservation Plan ''WDR" means Waste Discharge Requirements "WTP" means Water Treatment Plant ''WURMP'' means Watershed Urban Runoff Management Program -, - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 13 III. PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Villages Two, Three, and a portion of Four SPA Plan project presents a plan of development for the Otay Ranch Investments, LLC, Otay Project, LP, the Stephen and Mary Birch Foundation, and the Flat Rock Company ownerships within Villages Two, Three, and a portion of Four of the Otay Ranch GDP area (SPA Plan). The SPA Plan allows for a total of 986 single-family dwelling units and 1,800 multi-family dwelling units. A minimum of 10 percent of the total dwelling units within the SPA Plan will provide housing for low and moderate-income households. Other land uses designated by the SPA Plan include an elementary school, a high school, public park, community purpose facilities, open space, and roadways. The SPA Plan is consistent with and implements the Otay Ranch GDP. The land uses proposed in the SPA Plan include development of 2,786 dwelling units (986 single-family and 1,800 multi-family mixed-use units) on approximately 335.1 acres, three industrial areas on 87.9 acres within Village Two and a 176.5-acre business park within Village Three. The remaining 587.8 acres would be developed with non-residential uses, including community purpose facilities, schools, public parks, commercial uses, open space, two pedestrian bridges, and circulation rights-of-way. The proposed project includes a Composite Tentative Map (Composite TM) for the development within Village Two and the park in a portion of Village Four. The actual development of the other portions of the project will require the future approval of TMs and grading plans for the allowable uses. The action to which this EIR applies is approval of the SPA Plan and the Composite TM for Village Two and the park located within Village Four. The SPA Plan also includes off-site infrastructure improvements, which are needed to serve the proposed development within the project site. In approving the proposed project, the City would allow for development of the project site in accordance with the General Plan and Otay Ranch GDP goals and policies. DISCRETIONARY ACTIONS The discretionary actions to be taken by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista (City) include the following: . General Plan Amendments; . Otay Ranch GDP Amendments; . Adoption of the SPA Plan and associated documents of the SPA Plan; . Phase One and Two RMP Amendments; Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 14 - . City of Chula Vista MSCP Boundary Adjustment; and . Tentative Subdivision Map. In addition, this EIR will be used by other responsible agencies to implement the proposed project. Actions required by other agencies are discussed in Section 3.6.2 of the Draft EIA. The City Council will also determine whether the Final EI R is complete and in compliance with CEOA and the CEOA Guidelines as part of the certification process. The City of Chula Vista is the lead agency and has discretionary approval authority for all the actions pertaining to the SPA Plan and Composite TM sought by the project applicants: Otay Ranch Investments, LLC, Otay Project, LP, the Stephen and Mary Birch Foundation, and the Flat Rock Company. The Final EIR is intended to satisfy CEOA requirements for environmental review of those actions. PROJECT GOALS AND OBJECTIVES As specified in the Final EIR, the objectives of this project include: . Establish a pedestrian and transit-oriented village with an intense urban core to reduce - reliance on the automobile and promote walking and the use of bicycles, buses, and regional transit. . Promote synergistic uses between the SPA area and the neighborhoods of adjacent Otay Ranch Villages to balance activities, services, and facilities. . Implement the goals, objectives, and policies of the adopted Chula Vista General Plan, and particularly, the Otay Ranch GDP, the Otay Ranch Phase 1 and Phase 2 RMP, the Otay Ranch Facility Implementation Plan, the Otay Ranch Village Phasing Plan, and the Otay Ranch Service/Revenue Plan. . Implement Chula Vista's Growth Management Ordinance to ensure that public facilities are provided in a timely manner and financed by the parties creating the demand for, and benefiting from, the improvements. . Foster development patterns that promote orderly growth and prevent urban sprawl. . Develop, maintain, and enhance a sense of community identity. . Establish a pedestrian-oriented village with an intense urban core to reduce reliance on the automobile and promote walking, and use of bicycles, buses, and regional transit. - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 15 . Promote synergistic uses between the SPA area and the neighborhoods of adjacent Otay Ranch villages to balance activities, services, and facilities. . Accentuate the relationship of the land plan with its natural setting and the physical character of the region, and promote effective management of natural resources by concentrating development into less sensitive areas, while preserving large contiguous open space areas with sensitive resources. . Add to the creation of a unique Otay Ranch image and identify which differentiates Otay Ranch from other communities. . Wisely manage limited natural resources. · Establish a land use and facility plan that assures the viability of the SPA Plan area in consideration of existing and anticipated economic conditions. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 16 IV. ~, BACKGROUND Villages Two and Three and a portion of Village Four are a part of the 11 urban villages in the Otay Ranch GDP/SRP, which was adopted by the City and County of San Diego (County) on October 28, 1993, after an extensive planning and environmental review process. The Otay Ranch is a master-planned community encompassing approximately 23,000 acres and includes a broad range of residential, commercial, retail, and industrial development. Civic and community uses-such as libraries, parks, and schools-and about 11,375 acres preserved as open space are also part of the Otay Ranch community. Each village is based on the "village concept" that blends multi-family homes and shops with parks, schools, and civic activities in a core area within each Village. The Village Core would be surrounded by single-family homes in secondary areas. All are tied together by pedestrian facilities. Both the City and County adopted the Otay Ranch GDP/SRP. In the City, the document is a General Development Plan under Section 19.48 of the Chula Vista Municipal Code. In the County, the document is a Subregional Plan. The Otay Ranch GDP/SRP establishes goals and objectives for the development of the Otay Ranch. As part of the review and approval process for the Otay Ranch GDP/SRP, a Program EIR was prepared and certified by both the City and the County. The only difference in the two adoptions was the plans for Village Three. The City planned Village Three for Industrial land uses while 'the County SRP called for a residential village. - In March of 1997, the City annexed 9,100 acres of the Otay Valley Parcel to the City. As part of the annexation, the City entered into an agreement with the County of San Diego that established the Otay Landfill Buffer 1,000 feet around the operating part of the Otay Landfill and changed the General Plan and Otay Ranch GDP to the nonresidential Industrial designation. This designation was applied to portions of Village Two and Two West within the 1,000-foot buffer. No changes in Village Three were necessary since the village was already planned for industrial land uses within the city. Under the implementation program for the Otay Ranch GDP/SRP, SPA Plans are required to be approved before final development entitlements can be considered. The proposed SPA Plan for Villages Two and Three and a portion of Village Four will further refine the development standards, land plans, goals, objectives, and policies of the adopted Otay Ranch GDP/SRP. The proposed SPA Plan is provided as required by the Otay Ranch GDP and pursuant to Title 19, Zoning, of the Chula Vista Municipal Code. _. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 17 v. RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS For purposes of CEQA and the findings set forth below, the administrative record of the City Council decision on the environmental analysis of this project shall consist of the following: · The Notice of Preparation and all other public notices issued by the City in conjunction with the project; · The Draft and Final EIR for the project (EIR #04-06), including appendices and technical reports; · All comments submitted by agencies or members of the public during the public comment period on the Draft EtR; · All reports, studies, memoranda, maps, staff reports, or other planning documents relating to the proposed project prepared by the City, consultants to the City, or responsible or trustee agencies with respect to the City's compliance with the requirements of CEQA and the City's actions on the proposed project; · All documents, comments, and correspondence submitted by members of the public and public agencies in connection with this project, in addition to comments on the EIR for the project; · All documents submitted to the City by other public agencies or members of the public in connection with the EIR, up through the close of the public hearing; · Minutes and verbatim transcripts of all workshops, the scoping meeting, other public meetings, and public hearings held by the City, or videotapes where transcripts are not available or adequate; · Any documentary or other evidence submitted at workshops, public meetings, and public hearings for this project; . All findings and resolutions adopted by City decision makers in connection with this project, and all documents cited or referred to therein; and . Matters of common knowledge to the City, which the members of the City Council considered rega.rding this project, including federal, state, and local laws and regulations, and including but not limited to the following: . Chula Vista General Plan; Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 18 · Relevant portions of the Zoning Code of the City; -. · Otay Ranch General Development Plan (GDP); · Otay Ranch Resource Management Plan (RMP); · City of Chula Vista Multiple Species Conservation Program Subarea Plan; · Otay Ranch GDP/SRP Final EIR (EIR #90-01; SCH No. 89010154); and · Any other materials required to be in the record of proceedings by Public Resources Code section 21167.6, subdivision (e). The custodian of the documents comprising the record of proceedings is Susan Bigelow, Clerk to the City Council, whose office is located at 276 Fourth Avenue, Chula Vista, California 91910. The City Council has relied on all of the documents listed above in reaching its decision on the proposed project, even if every document was not formally presented to the City Councilor City Staff as part of the City files generated in connection with the project. Without exception, any documents set forth above but not found in the project files fall into two categories. Many of them reflect prior planning or legislative decisions with which the City Council was aware in approving the project (see City of Santa Cruz v. Local Agency Formation Commission (1978) 76 Cal.App.3d 381, 391-392 [142 Cal.Rptr. 873]; Dominey v. Department of Personnel Administration (1988)205 Cal.App.3d 729, 738, fn. 6 [252 Cal. Rptr. 620]. Other documents influenced the expert advice provided to City Staff or consultants, who then provided advice to the City Council. For that reason, such documents form part of the underlying factual basis for the City Council's decisions relating to the adoption of the SPA Plan (see Pub. Resources Code, section 21167.6, subd. (e)(10); Browing-Ferris Industries v. City Council of City of San Jose (1986) 181 Cal. App.3d 852, 866 [226 Cal.Rptr. 575]; Stanislaus Audubon Society, Inc. v. County of Stanislaus (1995) 33 Cal.AppAth 144, 153, 155 [39 Cal.Rptr.2d 54]). - VI. FINDINGS REQUIRED UNDER CEQA Public Resources Code section 21002 provides that "public agencies should not approve projects as proposed if there are feasible alternatives or feasible mitigation measures available which would substantially lessen the significant environmental effects of such projects." (Emphasis added.) The same statute states that the procedures required by CEQA "are intended to assist public agencies in systematically identifying both the significant effects of proposed projects and the feasible alternatives or feasible mitigation measures which will avoid ~" Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 19 or substantially lessen such significant effects" (emphasis added). Section 21002 goes on to state that "in the event [that] specific economic, social, or other conditions make infeasible such project alternatives or such mitigation measures, individual projects may be approved in spite of one or more significant effects." The mandate and principles announced in Public Resources Code section 21002 are implemented, in part, through the requirement that agencies must adopt findings before approving projects for which EIRs are required (see Pub. Resources Code, 921081, subd. (a); CEQA Guidelines, 9 15091, subd. (a)). For each significant environmental effect identified in an EIR for a proposed project, the approving agency must issue a written finding reaching one or more of three permissible conclusions. The first such finding is that "[cJhanges or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect as identified in the final EIR" (CEQA Guidelines, 9 15091, subd. (a)(1)). The second permissible finding is that "[sJuch changes or alterations are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another public agency and not the agency making the finding. Such changes have been adopted by such other agency or can and should be adopted by such other agency" (CEQA Guidelines, 9 15091, subd. (a)(2)). The third potential finding is that "[s]pecific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations, including provision of employment opportunities for highly trained workers, make infeasible the mitigation measures or project alternatives identified in the final EIR" (CEOA Guidelines, 9 15091, subd. (a)(3)). Public Resources Code section 21061.1 defines ''feasible'' to mean "capable of being accomplished in a successful manner within a reasonable period of time, taking into account economic, environmental, social and technological factors." CEQA Guidelines section 15364 adds another factor: "legal" considerations (see also Citizens of Goleta Valley v. Board of Supervisors (1990) 52 Cal.3d 553, 565 [276 Cal.Rptr. 410]). The concept of ''feasibility'' also encompasses the question of whether a particular alternative or mitigation measure promotes the underlying goals and objectives of a project (see City of Del Mar v. City of San Diego (1982) 133 Cal.App.3d 410,417 ['83 Cal.Rptr. 898]). "'[F]easibility' under CEQA encompasses 'desirability' to the extent that desirability is based on a reasonable balancing of the relevant economic, environmental, social, and technological factors" (Ibid.; see also Sequoyah Hills Homeowners Assn. v. City of Oakland (1993) 23 Cal.AppAth 704, 715 [29 Cal. Rptr.2d 182]). The CEOA Guidelines do not define the difference between "avoiding" a significant environmental effect and merely "substantially lessening" such an effect. The City must therefore glean the meaning of these terms from the other contexts in which the terms are used. Public Resources Code section 21081, on which CEOA Guidelines section 15091 is based, uses the term "mitigate" rather than "substantially lessen." The CEOA Guidelines therefore equate "mitigating" with "substantially lessening." Such an understanding of the statutory term is consistent with the policies underlying CEQA, which include the policy that "public agencies should not approve projects as proposed if there are feasible alternatives or feasible mitigation Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 20 measures available which would substantially lessen the significant environmental effects of such projects" (Pub. Resources Code, 921002). -, For purposes of these findings, the term "avoid" refers to the effectiveness of one or more mitigation measures to reduce an otherwise significant effect to a less than significant level. In contrast, the term "substantially lessen" refers to the effectiveness of such measure or measures to substantially reduce the severity of a significant effect, but not to reduce that effect to a less than significant level. These interpretations appear to be mandated by the holding in Laurel Hi/ls Homeowners Association v. City Council (1978) 83 Cal.App.3d 515, 519-527 [147 Cal.Rptr. 842], in which the Court of Appeal held that an agency had satisfied its obligation to substantially lessen or avoid significant effects by adopting numerous mitigation measures, not all of which rendered the significant impacts in question less than significant. Although CEOA Guidelines section 15091 requires only that approving agencies specify that a particular significant effect is "avoid[ed] or substantially lessen[ed]," these findings, for purposes of clarity, in each case will specify whether the effect in question has been reduced to a less than significant level or has simply been substantially lessened but remains significant. Moreover, although section 15091, read literally, does not require findings to address environmental effects that an EIR identifies as merely "potentially significant," these findings will nevertheless fully account for all such effects identified in the Final EIR (FEIR). - In short, CEOA requires that the lead agency adopt mitigation measures or alternatives, where feasible, to substantially lessen or avoid significant environmental impacts that would otherwise occur. Project modifications or alternatives are not required, however, where such changes are infeasible or where the responsibility for modifying the project lies with some other agency (CEOA Guidelines, 9 15091, subd. (a), (b)). With respect to a project for which significant impacts are not avoided or substantially lessened either through the adoption of feasible mitigation measures or a feasible environmentally superior alternative, a public agency, after adopting proper findings, may nevertheless approve the project if the agency first adopts a statement of overriding considerations setting forth the specific reasons why the agency found that the project's "benefits" rendered "acceptable" its "unavoidable adverse environmental effects" (CEOA Guidelines, 99 15093, 15043, subd. (b); see also Pub. Resources Code, 921081, subd. (b)). The California Supreme Court has stated that, "[t]he wisdom of approving . . . any development project, a delicate task which requires a balancing of interests, is necessarily left to the sound discretion of the local officials and their constituents who are responsible for such decisions. The law as we interpret and apply it simply requires that those decisions be informed, and therefore balanced" (Goleta, supra, 52 Cal.3d 553,576). ........'" Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 21 VII. LEGAL EFFECTS OF FINDINGS To the extent that these findings conclude that proposed mitigation measures outlined in the EIR are feasible and have not been modified, superseded or withdrawn, the City (or "decision makers") hereby binds itself and any other responsible parties, including the applicant and its successors in interest (hereinafter referred to as "Applicant"), to implement those measures. These findings, in other words, are not merely informational or hortatory, but constitute a binding set of obligations that will come into effect when the City adopts the resolution(s) approving the project. The adopted mitigation measures are express conditions of approval. Other requirements are referenced in the mitigation monitoring reporting program adopted concurrently with these findings and will be effectuated through the process of implementing the project. The mitigation measures are referenced in the mitigation monitoring and reporting program adopted concurrently with these findings, and will be effectuated both through the process of implementing the Otay Ranch GDP and through the process of constructing and implementing the proposed project. VIII. MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM As required by Public Resources Code section 21081.6, subd. (a)(1), the City, in adopting these findings, also concurrently adopts a mitigation monitoring and reporting program (MMRP) as prepared by the environmental consultant under the direction of the City. The program is designed to ensure that during project implementation, the applicant and any other responsible parties comply with the feasible mitigation measures identified below. The program is described in the document entitled Villages Two, Three, and a portion of Four SPA Plan Mitigation Monitoring Reporting Program. The City will use the MMRP to track compliance with project mitigation measures. The MMRP will be available for public review during the compliance period. The monitoring program is dynamic in that it will undergo changes as additional mitigation measures are identified and additional conditions of approval are placed on the project throughout the project approval process. The monitoring program will serve as a dual purpose of verifying completion of the mitigation measures for the proposed project and generating information on the effectiveness of the mitigation measures to guide future decisions. The Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 22 program includes monitoring team qualifications, specific monitoring activities, a reporting system, and criteria for evaluating the success of the mitigation measures. - IX. SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES SUMMARY OF EFFECTS The Final EIR identified a number of direct and indirect significant environmental effects (or "impacts") resulting from the proposed project. Some of these significant effects can be fully avoided through the adoption of feasible mitigation measures. Others cannot be fully mitigated or avoided by the adoption of feasible mitigation measures or feasible environmentally superior alternatives. However, these effects are outweighed by overriding considerations set forth in Section XII below. This Section (IX) presents in greater detail the City Council's findings with respect to the environmental effects of the project. The project will result in significant environmental changes with regard to the following issues: land use; landform alteration/aesthetics; biological resources; cultural resources; geology and soils; paleontological resources; agricultural resources; housing and population; water resources and water quality; traffic, circulation and access; air quality; noise; and utilities and public services (potable water, recycled water, sewer, integrated waste management, law enforcement, fire protection and emergency medical services, schools, library service, and parks and recreation) and hazards/risk of upset. These significant environmental changes or impacts are discussed in the Draft EIR in Table 1-2, pages 1-11 through 1-35, and Chapter 5, Environmental Impact Analysis, pages 5.1-1 through 5.14-360. No significant effects were identified for mineral resources and gas and electricity services. The proposed project will result in significant unmitigable impacts to land use, agricultural resources, air quality, landform alterations/aesthetics, biological resources, and water supply. - land Use Implementation of the proposed SPA Plan and Composite TM will result a significant change in character of the site from undeveloped to urban uses. The overall change in the character and use of the site from rural agricultural to urban will have a significant cumulative land use impact as identified in the GDP Program EIR (ErR #90-01). Landform Alteration! Aesthetics While the proposed SPA Plan would be in accordance with the adopted Otay Ranch GDP and - consistent with adjacent and planned development, a significant visual character and landform Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 23 impact would result from implementation of the proposed SPA Plan and Composite TM. Development of the SPA Plan and the Composite TM permanently alter the natural landform of the site, through grading, resulting in a significant impact. Implementation of the SPA Plan would have a significant impact resulting from field lighting and general illumination at the high school stadium and baseball field. Biological Resources The proposed SPA Plan and Composite TM would have a substantial adverse effect, both directly and through habitat modifications, on species identified as candidate, sensitive, and special status species in the Otay Ranch RMP, the City's Subarea Plan, and by CDFG and USFWS. The project would have a substantial adverse effect on riparian habitats and other sensitive natural communities identified in the Otay Ranch RMP, the City's Subarea Plan, and by CDFG and USFWS. The project would have a substantial adverse effect on federally protected wetlands, as defined by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, including jurisdictional waters and vernal pools. Cultural Resources One historic archaeological site was identified within the proposed project site. This site has been tested and determined to be not significant under CEQA; therefore, the project will not result in direct or cumulatively significant impacts to 'archaeological resources that have been identified as significant. However, the proposed project could result in significant impacts to unknown important subsurface archaeological materials that may be encountered during grading and excavation activities for the project. Geology and Soils Potentially significant construction-related direct impacts to geology and soils at the site will result from the presence of compressible and expansive soils and the potential for settlement and landslides to occur. Additionally, the current conceptual design would require mass grading above portions of the tunnel that contains the San Diego waterline. Impacts resulting from the grading above portions of the waterline would be eliminated if the waterline were relocated. Paleontological Resources Grading activities associated with the development of the proposed SPA Plan and Composite TM may directly impact fossils and other paleontological resources potentially buried in the Otay formation, Sweetwater Formation, and San Diego Formation. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 24 Agricultural Resources _. The proposed project will result in the direct loss of Farmland of Local Importance and Grazing Land to urban uses. The loss of agricultural land and land suitable for the production of crops associated with the project will also contribute to the cumulatively significant impact identified in the GDP Program EIR (EIR #90-01) due to the incremental and irreversible loss or impairment of such agricultural resources. Water Resources and Water Quality Project implementation will introduce landscaping, impermeable surfaces, and urban activities to undeveloped land, as well as new pollutant sources, such as automobiles and household products, which will result in significant long-term, direct and cumulative impacts. Impermeable surfaces will decrease the amount of infiltration occurring at the project site and will lead to increased runoff rates and the potential for pollutants to be introduced to water sources. Traffic, Circulation, and Access Absent mitigation, approval of the project will result in significant direct impacts to traffic at the intersections identified in the Draft EIR, Table 5.10-14. In addition, the Draft EIR, Table 5.10-15, summarizes the significant street segment impacts of the project. The project also will contribute to significant cumulative traffic impacts on 1-805. In addition, access-related impacts would occur if appropriate lane configurations are not provided at the project driveways. _. Air Quality The proposed project will result in temporary and long-term cumulative air quality impacts, as stated in the Draft EI R, page 5-263. The proposed project is not consistent with the growth projections of the local regional air quality plan which is considered a significant impact. Construction and grading activities will result in temporary emissions from equipment exhaust emissions and short-term fugitive dust impacts. Operation of the project will result in long-term direct and cumulative emissions from project-related vehicular trips. Once the project area is built out, the project will contribute to long-term cumulative operational emissions, primarily from vehicle emissions that will exceed SCAQMD thresholds. The GDP Program EIR (EIR #90-01) identified significant direct and cumulative impacts on regional air quality from build out of the Otay Ranch. Noise Construction activities would create short-term noise increases near construction areas. Additionally, traffic-generated noise along Olympic Parkway, Birch Road, La Media Road, Heritage Road, and several internal streets will cause a significant direct noise impact on proposed residential uses within the project area. Noise levels from active uses associated with - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 25 the high school stadium and the proposed community park, and from traffic noise from the industrial uses may exceed noise level standards and impact the adjacent residential uses. Utilities and Public Services Potable Water/Recycled Water: The projected water demand could result in significant direct impacts on water service, if water facilities to serve the project are not constructed prior to demand. The WSA V Report indicated that the increase in water demand is consistent with the projected water demand included in the OWD 2000 UWMP and the WRMP. The same finding can also be made under the OWD 2005 UWMP. The WSAV Report relied on water supply forecasts based on the projected potable water demands supplied with imported water received from SOCWA. However, as discussed above, the SDCWA relies in part on the liD water transfer and other agreements that are being challenged in court. As a result, the assumption that the liD water transfer and other agreements will be available is questionable due to litigation uncertainty, and it is possible that the identified water supplies may not be available as anticipated, despite the urban water management planning conducted by MWD, SDCWA, and OWO. If the litigation were to invalidate identified and available water supplies, a significant water supply impact would result. Recycled Water/Sewer: The proposed project would result in an incremental increase in the use of recycled water and place additional demands on water storage and pumping facilities. The increase in use of recycled water has been planned for by the OWD and will not have a significant impact. However, the impact to recycled water storage and distribution facilities would be significant if construction of new facilities does not coincide with the development phasing of the proposed SPA Plan outlines in the project's PFFP. Development of the proposed SPA Plan and Composite TM would result in an increase in sewage generation. There is sufficient capacity in the Poggi Canyon and Wolf Canyon/Salt Creek Interceptors to accommodate the proposed SPA Plan. The Poggi Canyon Interceptor would adequately serve the Village Four community park on an interim basis. The southerly portion of Village Two and Village Three cannot be developed until completion of the Heritage Road sewer line and connection to the Wolf Canyon/Salt Creek Interceptor. Law Enforcement: The proposed project will result in significant direct impacts to law enforcement due to the increase in calls for service and the additional travel time required to answer these calls. The Chula Vista Fire Department does not currently meet the threshold standard for response time for the City, including the Otay Ranch community. However, as population growth in the service area warrants, fire stations would be constructed within Village Nine of the Otay Valley parcel and within Village Thirteen of the Proctor Valley parcel. These stations would help ensure adequate service within the requirements of the GMOC threshold standards. Impacts to fire and Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 26 emergency medical services would be significant if construction of these facilities does not coincide with the project's anticipated population growth and increased demand for services. - Schools: Project implementation would result in a significant impact to schools unless construction of facilities coincides with student generation and associated service demands. Librarv: A significant impact would result from the development of the proposed SPA Plan and the Composite TM if construction of new library facilities and provision of additional documents does not coincide with project implementation and associated population growth. Hazards/Risk of Upset: The project will result in a direct impact to public health and safety due to soil contamination at the project site. Parks and Recreation: Project implementation of the proposed SPA Plan and the Composite TM would generate increased demand for parks and recreation facilities. A significant impact could result if dedication of parkland and construction of new facilities does not coincide with project implementation and project population growth. Hazards/Risk of Upset There is a potential for agriculturally developed portions of Village Three to be impacted by residual agricultural, including soil augmenting and chemicals. Elevated levels of organochlorine pesticides were present in the soils at the Village Four site. Soil samples taken form the Village Four Community Park site exhibited concentrations of toxaphene exceeding one-quarter of the residential PRGs. Concentrations of OCPs exceeding residential PRGs are generally limited to the upper two feet of soil. The concentrations of the pesticides in the soils at the Village Four Community Park Site would be considered a significant risk to public safety. ~, DETAILED ISSUES DISCUSSION Landform Alterationl Aesthetics Thresholds of Siqnificance: Threshold 1: Have a substantial adverse effecton a scenic vista; Threshold 2: Substantially degrade scenic resources, including but not limited to trees, rock outcroppings, or historic buildings within a state scenic highway; Threshold 3: Substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of the site and its surroundings; Threshold 4: Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day- or nighttime views in the area. -, Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 27 The Otay Ranch GDP Program EIR found that implementation of the Otay Ranch GDP would result in significant unmitigable impacts to landform/visual resources. This EIR tiers from the Otay Ranch GDP Program EIR; therefore, significant impacts may result if the proposed SPA Plan would: Threshold 5: Alter areas of sensitive landforms; and Threshold 6: Grade steep slopes that may be visible from future development and roadways. Impact: Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day- or nighttime views in the area. Implementation of the proposed SPA Plan would have a direct, significant impact resulting from field lighting and general illumination at the high school stadium and baseball field (Section 5.2, pages 5-63 through 5-64). Explanation: Development of the proposed SPA Plan and the Composite TM would result in long-term direct potentially significant nighttime view impacts. The proposed project would contribute only a minor change to night-sky illumination. The proposed SPA Plan includes lighting performance standards to address the proposed project's contribution to nighttime lighting. Currently, the proposed project site and vicinity are exposed to nighttime lighting from Villages One, Five, and parts of Six to the north and northeast of the project site. Village Seven is under construction to the east, and night lighting would also occur from this village once fully developed. In addition, the proposed community park in Village Four would include uses that would require court lighting at night. Sport field and court lighting would be in operation from 6:30 P.M. to 10:30 P.M. seven days a week. During winter months park lighting may be turned on earlier. Park site security lighting in parking areas, walkways, and on exterior building walls or under eaves would be in operation from dusk to dawn. Radiating light would be visible from the proposed residences to the north of the park across Wolf Canyon and to planned or residential development south of the park within Village Four, which represents a direct, significant impact. The Otay Ranch High School athletic fields could also result in lighting impacts to on-site residences. The stadium and baseball field lighting would be visible for short periods of time during evening activities. Radiating light would be visible from the proposed residences not directly adjacent to the high school. Lighting associated with the high school represents a direct, significant impact. Mitiqation Measures: 5.2-2 Prior to approval of the site-specific master plan for the community park in Village Four, the applicant(s) shall provide funding through the payment of PAD fees for the preparation of a lighting plan that shows the proposed height, location, and intensity of sport field and court lighting on-site. Current sport facility lighting technologies including Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 28 reflector devices that serve to reduce the occurrence of light spill and glare shall be used where appropriate. The plan shall be completed to the satisfaction of the Director of Planning and Building and Director of General Services. -, Findiilq: As identified in Section 5.0, Subchapter 5.2 of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Impact: Alter areas of sensitive landforms; or grade steep slopes that may be visible from future development and roadways. Development of the proposed SPA Plan would permanently alter the natural landform of the site through grading, resulting in a direct, significant impact (Section 5.2, pages 5-64 through 5-69). Explanation: Development of the proposed SPA Plan would require grading of the project area and would involve the cut and fill of approximately 18,428,000 cubic yards. This grading would permanently alter the natural landform of the site which would be significant. A portion of Wolf Canyon would be filled to a height of 400 feet, approximately 90 to 100 feet above the canyon bottom. A 100-foot-high slope would be created within Wolf Canyon. The ranch-wide steep - slope preservation standard would be met and, therefore, there would be no significant impact associated with this policy. However, the filling of Wolf Canyon is considered a significant landform alteration impact. Mitiqation Measures: 5.2-1 Prior to approval of grading plans, the applicant(s) shall prepare grading and building plans that conform to the landform grading guidelines contained in the proposed SPA Plan, the City's Grading Ordinance, Otay Ranch GDP, and General Plan. The plans shall be prepared to the satisfaction of the Director of Planning and Building and the City Engineer. 5.2-3 Prior to the approval of the first rough grading permit, or first B-map, the applicant(s) shall have prepared, submitted to and received approval from the Director of General Services of a comprehensive Landscape Master Plan (LMP). Landscaping shall occur with each phase of development in accordance with the LMP. The contents of the LMP shall conform to the City staff checklist and include the following major components: . Maintenance Responsibility Plan . Master Irrigation Plan - . Master Planting Plan Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 29 . Brush Management Plan · Hardscape Concept and Trail Plan · Utility Coordination Plan · Conceptual Wall and Fence Plan, and · Monumentation and Signage Plan Findinq: While mitigation measure 5.2-1 and 5.2-3 are feasible and will be completed, they do not substantially lessen the significant environmental effect as identified in the final EIR. The only mitigation available for this impact is the No Project alternative. Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. Adoption of the No Project alternative would not achieve any of the objectives of the project as identified in Section 3.3 of the EIR. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES Thresholds of Significance: Threshold 1: Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Threshold 2: Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, and regulations or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Threshold 3: Have a substantial adverse effect on federally protected wetlands as defined by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direCt removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means; Threshold 4: Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites; Threshold 5: Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance; or Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 30 Threshold 6: Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional or state habitat conservation plan. _. Impact: Have a substantial adverse effect on Sensitive Species and Habitats, including Riparian Habitats. The proposed SPA Plan and Composite TM would have a substantial adverse effect, both directly and through habitat modifications, on species identified as candidate, sensitive, and special status species in the Otay Ranch RMP, the City's Subarea Plan, and by CDFG and USFWS (Section 5.3, page 5-94 through 5-96). The project would have a substantial adverse effect on riparian habitats and other sensitive natural communities identified in the Otay Ranch RMP, the City's Subarea Plan, and by CDFG and USFWS (Section 5.3, page 5-96 through 5-97). Explanation: Implementation of the proposed SPA Plan would result in significant direct impacts to sensitive plant species. These impacts include the following species that are identified as covered under the Subarea Plan: Otay tarplant, variegated dudleya and San Diego barrel cactus. In addition, Otay tarplant and variegated dudleya are identified in the City's Subarea Plan as Narrow Endemics. Impacts to these three species would be significant. - Surveys conducted for the proposed project confirmed the presence of coastal California gnatcatcher, quino checkerspot butterfly, sharp-shinned hawk, rufous-crowned sparrow, loggerhead shrike, California horned lark, and San Diego black-tailed jackrabbit. In addition, one raptor nest in the central portion of the Village Two site was observed. Implementation of the proposed project would result in the direct loss of habitat for all of the sensitive animals discussed in the Biology section (Section 5.3), of the EIR, including twelve pairs of coastal California gnatcatchers and one individual Quino checkerspot butterfly. These impacts are considered significant. In addition to survey data collected for the proposed SPA Plan, previous biological data is also available for the site, including data used in preparation of the Otay Ranch GDP and RMP and accompanying Otay Ranch GDP Program EIR (Program EIR #90-01). Information on species identified in previous surveys is provided in Section 5.3.1 of Program EIR #90-01, and in Appendix B-1 of the EIR. Impacts to sensitive wildlife species that are expected to occur based on previous occurrence data, but were not found in recent surveys, are considered to be significant due to the loss of potential habitat for these species. Mitiqation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.3, page 125] _. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 31 5.3-1 Prior to recording each final map, the property owner(s) shall either convey land within the Otay Ranch RMP Resource Preserve at a ratio of 1.188 acres for each acre of development area or pay a fee in lieu. 5.3-2 Prior to issuance of land development permits, including clearing or grubbing and grading permits, for areas with salvageable resources, including Narrow Endemic Species, Plantago erecta (QCB larval host plant),south coast saltscale and smooth-stemmed fagonia (including plant materials and soils/seed bank), the project property owner (s) shall be required to develop and implement a Resource Salvage Plan. The Resource Salvage Plan shall, at a minimum, evaluate options for plant salvage and relocation, including native plant mulching, selective soil salvaging, application of plant materials on manufactured slopes, and application/relocation of resources within the preserve. The Resource Salvage Plan shall include incorporation of relocation efforts for non-covered species, including south coast saltscale and smooth-stemmed fagonia. Relocation efforts may include seed collection or transplantation to a suitable receptor site and will be based on the most reliable methods of successful relocation. The program shall also contain a recommendation for method of salvage and relocation/ application based on feasibility of implementation and likelihood of success. The program shall include, but not be limited to, an implementation plan, maintenance and monitoring program, estimated completion time, and any relevant contingency measures. The program shall be subject to review and approval of the City's Director of Planning and Building. 5.3-3 Pursuant to the requirements of the RMP, mitigation beyond the conveyance requirements for impacts to maritime succulent scrub shall consist of on-site restoration at 1:1 ratio. If final design plans indicate that impacts will be avoided, this measure will not be applicable. Prior to issuance of land development permits, including clearing or grubbing and grading permits, that impact maritime succulent scrub resources, the developer(s) shall prepare and implement a restoration plan to restore 3.4 acres of maritime succulent scrub (1.5 acres from impacts within the Otay Ranch Company ownership and 1.9 acres within the Flat Rock Land Company ownership), pursuant to the Ot?y Ranch RMP restoration requirements. The maritime succulent scrub restoration plan shall be approved by the City's Director of Planning and Building, and shall include an implementation plan, maintenance and monitoring program, estimated completion time, and any relevant contingency measures. 5.3-4 Prior to issuance of land development permits, including clearing or grubbing and grading permits, in portions of the SPA Plan area that are adjacent to the Preserve, the property owner shall install fencing in accordance with CVMC 17.35.030. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 32 Prominently colored, well-installed fencing shall be in place wherever the limits of grading are adjacent to sensitive vegetation communities or other biological resources, as identified by the qualified monitoring biologist. Fencing shall remain in place during all construction activities. All temporary and permanent fencing shall be shown on grading plans. Prior to release of grading bonds, a qualified biologist shall provide evidence that work was conducted as authorized under the approved land development permit and associated plans. - 5.3-5 Prior to issuance of grading permits, a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) shall be developed, approved, and implemented during construction to control storm water runoff, such that erosion, sedimentation, pollution, etc. are minimized. The following measures contained in the Edge Plans shall be implemented to avoid the release of toxic substances associated with urban runoff: . Sediment shall be retained on-site by a system of sediment basins, traps, or other appropriate measures. . Where deemed necessary, storm drains shall be equipped with silt and oil traps to remove oils, debris and other pollutants. Storm drain inlets shall be labeled "No Dumping-Drains to Ocean." Storm drains shall be -, regularly maintained to ensure their effectiveness. . The parking lots shall be designed to allow storm water runoff to be directed to vegetative filter strips and/or oil-water separators to control sediment, oil, and other contaminants. . Permanent energy dissipaters shall be included for drainage outlets. . The SPA Plan area drainage basins shall be designed to provide effective water quality control measures. Design and operational features of the drainage basins shall include design features to provide maximum detention time for settling of fine particles; maximize the distance between basin inlets and outlets to reduce velocities; and establish maintenance schedules for periodic removal of sedimentation, excessive vegetation and debris. 5.3-6 Prior to issuance of land development permits, including clearing or grubbing and grading permits, the following notes shall be included on the plans to the satisfaction of the Environmental Review Coordinator: - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 33 (1) A qualified biologist shall be on-site to monitor all vegetation clearing and periodically thereafter to ensure implementation of appropriate resource protection measures. (2) Dewatering shall be conducted in accordance with standard regulations of the RWQCB. A permit to discharge water from dewatering activities will be required. This will minimize erosion, siltation, and pollution within sensitive communities. (3) During construction, material stockpiles shall be placed such that they cause minimal interference with on-site drainage patterns. This will protect sensitive vegetation from being inundated with sediment-laden runoff. (4) Material stockpiles shall be covered when not in use. This will prevent fly- off that could damage nearby sensitive vegetation communities. (5) Graded area shall be periodically watered to minimize dust affecting adjacent vegetation. 5.3-7 Lighting of all developed areas adjacent to the Preserve shall be directed away from the Preserve, wherever feasible and consistent with public safety. Where necessary, development shall provide adequate shielding with non-invasive plant materials (preferably native), berming, and/or other methods to protect the Preserve and sensitive species from night lighting. Consideration shall be given to the use of low-pressure sodium lighting. In compliance with the Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan, all lighting shall be shielded and directed away from the Preserve. Prior to issuance of improvement plans, a lighting plan and photometric analysis shall be submitted to the City's Environmental review Coordinator for review and approval. The lighting plan shall illustrate the location of the proposed lighting standards and type of shielding measures. Low- pressure sodium lighting shall be used if feasible and shall be subject to the approval of the City's Environmel}tal Review Coordinator and City Engineer. No night-time construction lighting shall occur within the Preserve Edge. 5.3-8 Noise impacts adjacent to the Preserve lands shall be minimized. Berms or walls shall be constructed adjacent to commercial areas and any other use that may introduce noises that could impact or interfere with wildlife utilization of the Preserve. Construction activities shall include noise reduction measures or be conducted outside the breeding season of sensitive bird species. Based on current information, these conditions would be limited to areas within 500 feet of Wolf Canyon. When clearing, grading or grubbing activities occur during the breeding season for coastal California gnatcatcher (February 15 to August 15, annually) or raptors (January 15 to July 31, annually), nesting bird surveys shall Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 34 be conducted by a qualified biologist to identify active nest locations. Construction activities shall be restricted such that noise levels related to those activities are below 60 average sound level (leq) at the location of the active nest site. ~ 5.3-9 Prior to issuance of land development permits, including clearing or grubbing and grading permits, the property owner shall submit evidence showing that the following features of the Preserve Edge Plan have been incorporated into grading and landscaping plans: (1) No invasive non-native plant species shall be introduced into areas immediately adjacent to the Preserve. All slopes immediately adjacent to the Preserve shall be planted with native species per the Edge Plan that reflect the adjacent native habitat. (2) All fuel modification shall be incorporated into development plans and shall not include any areas within the Preserve. 5.3-10 Prior to issuance of grading permits, the property owner shall submit wall and fence plans depicting appropriate barriers to prevent unauthorized access into the Preserve. The wall and fence plans shall illustrate the locations and cross sections of proposed walls and fences along the Preserve boundary, subject to the approval the City's Director of Planning and Building. - Findino: As identified in Section 5.0, Subchapter 5.3 of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a){1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Impact: Effects on Federal and State Protected Wetlands The project would have a direct, significant adverse effect on federally protected wetlands, as defined by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, including jurisdictional waters and vernal pools (Section 5.3, pages 5-97 and 5-98). Explanation: Impacts to jurisdictional waters would occur as a result of implementation of the proposed SPA Plan, consisting of 0.5 acre of ephemeral and intermittent unvegetated stream channels, in addition to the 0.2 acre of alluvial scrub, mentioned above. Impacts to ephemeral and intermittent unvegetated waters and alluvial scrub are considered significant. In Village Two, two vernal pools on the M2 mesa will be impacted by the proposed project, and one vernal pool within the K17 complex in Village Three will be impacted. Impacts to these -, Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 35 three vernal pools are considered significant under CEQA. The total surface area of the three pools is 203 square feet. Avoidance and minimization of impacts to all of the vernal pool resources within Otay Ranch was considered in the development of the GDP. Because of the lack of resources and relative quality of the M2 and K17 pool complexes, these pool complexes were not included in the conservation planning. Instead, it was determined that enhancement and restoration of the J23, J24 or J25 pools on Otay Mesa would provide the best overall strategy for conservation of vernal pool resources within Otay Ranch. The M2 and K17 pool complexes lack sensitive resources and were not identified for preservation in the RMP Mitigation for impacts to these pool complexes is identified in Section 5.3.5 of the EIR. The proposed mitigation option consisting of restoration within the J23, J24 or J25 pools on Otay Mesa would be consistent with mitigation identified in the RMP. In addition, optional mitigation is provided in consideration of proposed changes in conservation strategies for vernal pool complexes within Village 13. Indirect, adverse edge effects to jurisdictional waters and vernal pools include potential runoff, sedimentation, erosion, exotics introduction, and habitat type conversion in the short and long term, particularly within the Wolf Canyon drainage. Indirect impacts to jurisdictional waters are considered significant. Mitiqation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.3, pages 128]. 5.3-11 The City requires that impacts to wetlands be avoided to the maximum extent possible. When avoidance is not feasible, the property owner(s) shall be required to minimize impacts to the greatest extent possible and mitigate for loss of wetland habitat, including wetland habitat creation of at a 1:1 ratio for unvegetated waters of the U.S. and 3:1 for impacts to alluvial scrub. To mitigate direct impacts to jurisdictional waters, the following conditions would be required prior to issuance of land development permits, including clearing or grubbing and grading permits for any area impacting jurisdictional waters: A total of 1.1 acres of wetlands shall be created. Prior to issuance of land development permits, including clearing or grubbing and grading permits that impacts jurisdictional waters, the developer(s) shall prepare a Wetlands Mitigation Plan to the satisfaction of the wetland resource agencies and the City's Director of Planning and Building. This plan shall include, but not be limited to, an implementation plan, maintenance and monitoring program, estimated completion time, and any relevant contingency measures. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 36 Prior to issuance of land development permits, including clearing or grubbing and grading permits for areas that impact jurisdictional waters, the property owner shall provide evidence that all required regulatory permits, such as those required under Section 404 of the federal Clean Water Act, Section 1600 of the California Fish and Game Code, and the Porter Cologne Water Quality Act. - 5.3-12 One of the following options shall be implemented by the property owner(s) prior to issuance of land development permits, including clearing or grubbing and grading permits for areas impacting vernal pools: (1) Option #1: The property owner(s) shall restore 406 square feet of vernal pools within the J23, 24, or 25 pools (eastern Otay Mesa) or within the Village 13 (resort) planning area. The restoration would involve reconfiguration and reconstruction of the mima mounds and basins, removal of weedy vegetation, revegetation of the mounds with upland sage scrub species and inoculation of the pools with vernal pool species. The property owner shall prepare a Vernal Pool Mitigation Plan to the satisfaction of the resource agencies (if applicable/jurisdictional) and the City's Director of Planning and Building. The Plan shall include, but not be limited to an implementation plan, maintenance and monitoring program, estimated completion time, and any relevant contingency measures. - (2) Option #2: The project property owner(s) shall purchase vernal pool mitigation bank credits within an approved mitigation bank. Evidence of the purchase and appropriate monitoring and maintenance requirements shall be provided to the Director of Planning. and Building. Findinq: As identified in Section 5.0, Subchapter 5.3 of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EI R to a level of insignificance. CULTURAL RESOURCES Thresholds of Significance: Threshold 1: Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical or archaeological resource as defined in CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5. Including resources that are eligible for the California Register of Historic Resources and the National Register of Historic Places; and resources that are locally designated as historically significant; or the City of Chula Vista finds the resource historically significant based on substantial evidence. - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 37 Criteria for determining a resource is "historically significant" typically includes: (1) resources that are associated with an event or person of recognized significance; (2) resources that can provide information that is of demonstrable public interest and is useful in addressing scientifically consequential and reasonable research questions; (3) resources that have a special or particular quality such as the oldest, best example, largest, or last surviving example of its kind; and (4) resources that are least 100 years old and possess substantial stratigraphic integrity; and/or involve important research questions that historical research has shown can be answered only with archaeological methods. Threshold 2: Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries. Impact: Historic or Archaeological Re~ources One prehistoric site (CA-SDI-12,291 B) and one historic site (11 ,384H) would be impacted by the proposed project (Section 5.4, pages 5-136 through 5-5-139). Explanation: There were 16 prehistoric sites identified within the SPA Plan area. As a result of the testing of these sites, only one site, CA-SOI-12,291 B, was determined to be a significant historic resource. Impacts to CA-SOI-12,291 b would be considered significant. The remaining 15 sites were determined not to be significant historic resources, however, grading and excavation activities associated with the proposed project could result in direct, significant archaeological impacts to unknown subsurface deposits. There was one historic site identified within the SPA Plan area. The historic site, located on the Village Two project area, consists of the remains of the Otay Ranch Farm Complex. Appendix I, of the February 2004(a) report for cultural resources at the Otay Ranch Village Two SPA, concluded that no historically significant remaining components were visible during site testing. However, the proposed project could result in significant archaeological impacts because the site may contain masked subsurface deposits that may be encountered during grading and excavation activities for the proposed project. Mitiaation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.4, pages 140]. Preservation is the preferred means of avoiding impacts to archaeological site SOI-12,291 B. This approach would involve redesign of the project to avoid impacts to Site SO-12,291 B. The following measures outline a procedure for ensuring that adverse impacts are avoided for the proposed SPA Plan. Preservation is the preferred means of avoiding impacts to archaeological site SOI-12,291b. This approach would involve redesign of the project to avoid impacts to Site SO-12,291 b. In the Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 38 event that preservation on-site is infeasible, the following measures outline a procedure for ensuring that adverse impacts are avoided for the proposed SPA Plan. -. 5.4-1 In the event that in place preservation is infeasible, the following data recovery program will mitigate adverse impacts to SOI-12,291 b. These tasks need to be completed prior to the issuance of grading permits for the portion of Village Three on which the site is located. a) Prior to the issuance of grading permits, a Registered Professional Archaeologist (RPA) shall prepare a research design for the data recovery of Site SOI-12,291b to the satisfaction of the Environmental Review Coordinator. This research design shall identify specific research questions to be addressed through the data recovery process, the data collection and analyses needed to address those questions, and the means and location of curation of recovered materials. This research design shall be prepared prior to the initiation of the field investigation to the satisfaction of the Environmental Review Coordinator of the City of Chula Vista. b) Based on the approved research design, an excavation program shall be implemented that will result in a reliable sample of the site. It is anticipated that between two and four percent of the surface area of the mapped resource would be excavated, and that excavation would be completed by hand excavated one-by-one meter units, unless the questions developed for the research design require a modified sampling strategy. All materials should be passed through a one-eighth- inch mesh screen, with all recovered materials catalogued and analyzed. If datable materials, faunal or floral remains, pollen, or other cultural significant materials are found, appropriate special analysis shall be completed. .- c) A detailed report of findings shall be completed and the results made available to the public and scientific community. Curation of recovered materials shall be accomplished to the satisfaction of the Environmental Review Coordinator of the City of Chula Vista. Curation of collections from the project will be curated in a facility approved in advance by the City. 5.4-2 A qualified archaeological monitor shall be on-site during initial grading of CA-SOI- 11,384H. If historic archaeological material is encountered during grading, all grading in the vicinity as determined and defined by the archaeologist shall stop and its importance shall be evaluated, and suitable mitigation measures shall be developed and implemented, if necessary. Cultural material collected shall be permanently curated at an appropriate repository. Curation of collections from the project will be curated in a facility approved in advance by the City. Findina: As identified in Section 5.0, Subchapter 5.4 of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 39 will substantially lessen or avoid the significant effect as identified in the EI R to a level of insignificance. GEOLOGY AND SOILS Thresholds of Significance: Threshold 1: Expose people or structures to potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: · Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault, · Strong seismic ground shaking, · Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction, or . Landslides; Threshold 2: Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil; Threshold 3: Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable or that would become unstable as a result of the project and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, or collapse; Threshold 4: Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating a substantial risk to life or property; and Threshold 5: Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for disposal of wastewater. Impact: Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil; be located on expansive soil; or have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for disposal of wastewater. The presence of compressible and expansive soils and the potential for settlement and landslides to occur at the project site is considered a potentially significant direct impact. The current project design would require mass grading above portions of the tunnel that contains the San Diego waterline, which would be a direct, significant impact (Section 5.5, pages 5-152 and 5-153). Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 40 Explanation: - Significant impacts to geology and soils could result from project development on compressible and expansive soils. Expansive soils, which include alluvium, colluvium, and claystone occur throughout the project site. Expansive soils may adversely impact structural slabs and foundations and roadways due to their swelling characteristics. The adverse effects of slope creep, landslides or lateral fill extension may also occur with expansive soil fills and cuts. Additionally, the current conceptual design would require mass grading above portions of the tunnel that contains the San Diego waterline, including excavation of formulational soils and the placement of fill soils. A potentially significant impact could result from the grading above portions of the existing City of San Diego waterline. Implementation of project-specific design mitigation measures, as described below, would reduce or avoid significant impacts. Impacts resulting from the grading above portions of the waterline would be eliminated if the waterline were relocated. Mitiqation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings (EIR, Subchapter 5.5, pages 5-155 through 5-156). 5.5-1 Prior to the issuance of the grading permit, the applicant(s) shall verify that the applicable recommendations of the preliminary geotechnical investigations for Villages Two and Three prepared by Geocon (August 18, 2003 and September 3, 2003, respectively) and the preliminary geotechnical investigation for the Parcel A portion of Village Three, prepared by Pacific Soils Engineering, Inc., (October 24,2003) have been incorporated into the project design and construction documents to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. Recommendations include, but are not limited to: - a) During construction liquefiable soils within the colluvium/alluvium shall be removed and replaced with compacted fill. b) During construction highly expa~sive soils shall be kept below finish grade. Where excavations expose highly expansive materials at finish grade, these materials shall be excavated a minimum of four feet below finish grade. Where excavations expose very highly expansive material at finish grade, these materials shall be excavated a minimum of five feet below finish grade. The excavations shall be replaced with a compacted fill soil that has a low to moderate expansion potential. c) During construction, the developer shall remove loose, compressible soils and replace as compacted fill in areas that will be subjected to new fill or structural loads. -, Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 41 d) During grading the developer shall construct earthen buttresses on unstable slopes with drains installed, as warranted, at the rear of the buttresses to control groundwater. e) Grading of building pads shall be designed so that foundations bear entirely on a relatively uniform depth of compacted fill. This may be accomplished by overexcavating the cut portion of the building pad. 5.5-2 If the existing City of San Diego waterline is not relocated, the following mitigation measure shall be required to reduce impacts associated with grading above portions of the existing waterline: Prior to the issuance of the grading permit, the applicant(s) shall consult with a pipeline specialist to evaluate the structural integrity of the existing City of San Diego waterline pipe and tunnel and the effect of the fill loads. A deformation analysis shall be performed once final grades have been determined. 5.5-3 Prior to the issuance of the grading permit, the applicant(s) shall verify that the design of any structures would comply with the requirements of the Uniform Building Code and standard practices of the Association of Structural Engineers of California. Findinq: As identified in Section 5.0, Subchapter 5.5 of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. PALEONTOLOGICAL RESOURCES Thresholds of Significance: The proposed project could have a significant effect on paleontological resources, if it would: Threshold 1: Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geological feature. Impact: Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geological feature. The proposed grading of the Otay Formation sandstone, the San Diego Formation, and the Sweetwater Formation would move material with high sensitivity for paleontological resources, which is considered a direct, significant impact (Section 5.6, page 5-160) Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 42 Explanation: - The project site is underlain by the Otay Formation, San Diego Formation, and Sweetwater Formation, which are characterized by an upper portion with high paleontological resource sensitivity and a lower portion with moderate resource sensitivity. The occurrence of fossils within the covered bedrock cannot be evaluated prior to exposure. Areas of the Otay Formation with accumulations of colluvial and alluvial deposits in the drainage course bottoms, the San Diego Formation, the Sweetwater Formation, and Terrace Deposits may be exposed during grading and construction activities. The proposed grading of the Otay Formation sandstone, the San Diego Formation, and the Sweetwater Formation would move material with high sensitivity for paleontological resources. Exposure of these formations would likely result in the unearthing of fossil remains, which could damage the fossils if they were not recovered and salvaged. Destruction of the paleontological resources from these formations would be a direct, long-term, potentially significant impact. Mitiqation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.6, page 160]: 5.6-1 Prior to approval of the grading permit, the applicant(s) shall incorporate into grading plans to the satisfaction of the City of Chula Vista's Engineer and Environmental Review Coordinator, the following: -. a) Prior to issuance of any grading permits, the applicant(s) shall confirm to the City of Chula Vista that a qualified paleontologist has been retained to carry out the following mitigation program. The paleontologist shall attend pregrade meetings to consult with grading and excavation contractors. (A qualified paleontologist is defined as an individual with a M.S. or Ph.D. in paleontology or geology who is familiar with paleontological procedures and techniques.) b) A paleontological monitor shall be on-site at all times during the original cutting of previously undisturbed sediments of highly sensitive geologic formations (Le., Otay, Sweetwater, and San Diego Formations) to inspect cuts for contained fossils. The paleontological monitor shall work under the direction of a qualified paleontologist. The monitor shall be on-site on at least a half-time basis during the original cuts in deposits with a moderate resource sensitivity (Le., Terrace Deposits). (A paleontological monitor is defined as an individual who has experience in the collection and salvage of fossil materials.) In the event that fossils are discovered in unknown sensitive formations, it may be necessary to increase the per-day field monitoring time. Conversely, if fossils are not discovered, the monitoring may be reduced. - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 43 c) When fossils are discovered, the paleontologist (or paleontological monitor) shall recover them. In instances where recovery requires an extended salvage time, the paleontologist (or paleontological monitor) shall be allowed to temporarily direct, divert, or halt grading to allow recovery of fossil remains in a timely manner. Where deemed appropriate by the paleontologist (or paleontological monitor), a screen-washing operation for small fossil remains shall be set up. d) Prepared fossils, along with copies of all pertinent field notes, photographs, and maps, shall be deposited (with the applicant(s) permission) in a scientific institution with paleontological collections. A final summary report shall be completed that outlines the results of the mitigation program. This report shall include discussion of the methods used, stratigraphy exposed, fossils collected, and significance of recovered fossils. Findino: As identified in Section 5.0, Subchapter 5.6 of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified "in the EIR to a level of insignificance. AGRICULTURE Impact: The proposed project will result in the direct loss of Farmland of Local Importance and Grazing Land to urban uses. The loss of agricultural land and land suitable for the production of crops associated with the project will also contribute to the cumulatively significant impact identified in the GDP Program EIR (EIR #90-01) due to the incremental and irreversible loss or impairment of such agric~ltural resources. Explanation: Development of the SPA Plan and the Composite TM would result in a significant impact to agricultural resources, due to the loss of 858.8 acres of Farmland of Local Importance and the conversion of 321.72 acres of Grazing Land to urban uses. The loss of this acreage would result in a significant unavoidable impact due to the incremental and irreversible loss or impairment of Farmland of Local Importance and Grazing Land. This was previously addressed in the Otay Ranch GDP Program EIR and was determined to be significant and not fully mitigated. At that time, a statement of overriding considerations was adopted for this impact. Furthermore, noise, odors, insects, rodents, and chemicals associated with agricultural operations would create indirect, short-term, potentially significant impacts between the agricultural uses and urban uses. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 44 Mitiqation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.7, page 166]: - The following 'mitigation measure has been identified for the SPA Plan and the Composite TM to reduce the potentially significant, short-term impacts caused by adjacency of ongoing agricultural uses and urban uses: 5.7-1 The Agricultural Plan included in the SPA Plan shall be implemented as development proceeds in the proposed SPA Plan area. The following measures shall be implemented by the developer(s) to the satisfaction of the City of Chula Vista's Director of Planning and Building: a) A 200-foot buffer between developed property and ongoing agriculture operations shall be maintained. The use of pesticides shall comply with federal, state, and local regulations; b) Vegetation shall be used to shield adjacent urban development (within 400 feet) from agriculture activities where pesticides are to be applied; c) Notification shall be given to adjacent property owners of potential pesticide application through newspaper advertisements; and _. d) Fencing shall be installed, where necessary, to ensure the safety of the SPA Plan area residents. Findinq: As identified in Section 5.0, Subchapter 5.7, of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen some of the significant environmental effects as identified in the EI R. However, despite the above mitigation, the incremental and cumulative loss of agricultural lands is considered a significant unmitigable impact, and no other feasible mitigation measures are available to reduce these impacts to below a level of significance. This impact is discussed below in Section X, Cumulative Significant Effects and Mitigation Measures. WATER RESOURCES AND WATER QUALITY Thresholds of Significance Threshold 1: Substantially alters the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, in a manner which would result in substantial erosion or siltation or substantially increases the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding or which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned storm water drainage systems or provides substantial additional sources of polluted runoff or otherwise substantially degrades water quality; - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 45 Threshold 2: Violates any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements, including City of Chula Vista Engineering Standards for storm water flows and volumes; Threshold 3: Substantially depletes groundwater or interferes substantially with groundwater recharge; Threshold 4: Alters an existing 1 OO-year floodplain or places structures within a 1 OO-year flood hazard area which would impede o~ redirect flood flows; and Threshold 5: Exposes people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death involving flooding, and/or exposes people or structures to inundation by seiche, tsunami, or mudflow. Impact: Project implementation will introduce landscaping, impermeable surfaces, and urban activities to undeveloped land, as well as new pollutant sources, such as automobiles and household products, which will result in significant long-term, direct and cumulative impacts. Impermeable surfaces will decrease the amount of infiltration occurring at the project site and will lead to increased runoff rates and the potential for pollutants to be introduced to water sources (Section 5.9, page 5-179 through 5-181). Explanation: The proposed SPA Plan and Composite TM would convert an existing undeveloped site to an urban landscape with multiple land uses. In doing so, impermeable surfaces would be introduced to the project site, as well as new pollutant sources, such as automobiles and household products. Impermeable surfaces would decrease the amount of infiltration occurring at the project site and would lead to runoff rates and the potential for pollutants to be introduced to water sources. Therefore, the proposed SPA Plan and Composite TM has the potential to contribute to significant water quality impacts. Drainage at the site would be altered to direct stormwater runoff into the municipal storm drain system. Mitioation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EI R, Subchapter 5.9, page 5-183]: 5.9-1 Prior to issuance of a grading permit, a detailed drainage system design study shall be prepared to the satisfaction of the City Engineer and shall include but not be limited to: a) Peak runoff at each inlet, outlet, interceptor, concentration, or confluence point, both predevelopment and postdevelopment conditions; and Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 46 b) The integration of the proposed system with the existing and proposed downstream drainage facilities to effectively control flows within the entire system. ~ c) Maps showing existing and postdevelopment conditions for existing topography and proposed grading plans incorporating a drainage system design with main lines and detention/desilting facilities pursuant to Section 3-202.1 of the Chula Vista Subdivision Manual; and on-site detention/desilting facilities shall be incorporated in the design for the various phases of construction and postconstruction. 5.9-2 Prior to the issuance of the first grading permit, the applicant(s) shall submit a SWPPP including assignment of maintenance responsibilities for review and approval by the City Engineer and the Director of Public Works. The SWPPP shall be consistent and fully comply with the requirements of the Clean Water Act and all requirements set forth in the General Construction Permit, the City of Chula Vista Storm Water Management and Discharge Control Ordinance (Storm Water Management Manual Ordinance), the City of Chula Vista Standard Urban Stormwater Management Plan (SUSMP) and the City of Chula Vista Development and Redevelopment Projects Storm Water Management Standards Requirements Manual (Storm Water Management Manual). BMPs identified in the SWPPP shall include but shall not be limited to the following: ~" a) Temporary erosion control measures designed in accordance with the Chula Vista Grading Ordinance shall be employed for disturbed areas and shown on the grading plans. b) No disturbed surfaces shall be left without erosion control measures in place during the winter and spring months. 5.9-3 Prior to the issuance of all subsequent permits and approvals associated with the project including but not limited to improvement plan approvals, construction permits, site plan approvals, design review approvals, conditional use permits, grading permits, the applicant of such permits, and/or approvals shall comply with the Clean Water Act, the Municipal permit, the General Construction Permit, and the Storm Water Management Ordinance and submit a SWPPP prior to the issuance of such permits and/or approvals in compliance with the City's Storm Water Management Manual and the SUSMP. Findino: As identified Section 5.0, Subchapter 5.9, of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 47 TRAFFIC, CIRCULATION, AND ACCESS Thresholds of Significance: The criteria utilized to determine if a traffic impact at an intersection, street segment, or freeway is considered significant is based on City of Chula Vista standards. Both project specific and cumulative project impacts can be significant impacts. Additionally, the criteria differs depending on whether the timing of impacts are near-term or long-term. These criteria are outlined below. Near Term (Study Horizon Year 0 to 4) Intersections A direct project impact to an intersection would occur if both of the following criteria are met: 1. Intersections a. Project specific impact if both the following criteria area met: i. Level of service is LOS E or LOS F ii. Project trips comprise 5% or more of entering volume. b. Cumulative impact if only #1 is met. 2. Street Lines/Segments If the ADT methodology indicates LOS C or better, the impact is not significant. If the ADT methodology indicates LOS D, E, or F, the Growth Management Oversight Committee (GMOC) criteria should be used, which includes the following: Project specific impact if all the following criteria are met: · Level of service is LOS D for more than 2-hours or LOS ElF . Project trips comprise 5% or more of segment volume . Project adds greater than 800 ADT to segment . Cumulative Impact if only No.1 is met 3. Freeways Project specific impact if both the following criteria are met: Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 48 - . Freeway segment LOS is LOS E or LOS F . Project comprises 5% or more of the total forecasted ADT on that freeway segment. . Cumulative impact if only No.1 is met. 1. Intersections a. Project specific impact if both the following criteria area met: i. Level of service is LOS E or LOS F ii. Project trips comprise 5% or more of entering volume. b. Cumulative impact if only NO.1 is met. 2. Street Lines/Segments Use the planning analysis using the volume-to-capacity ratio methodology only. The GMOC analysis methodology is not applicable beyond a four-year horizon. - . Project specific impact if all three of the following criteria are met: . Level of service is LOS 0 for more than 2 hours or LOS ElF . Project trips comprise 5% or more of segment volume . Project adds greater than 800 ADT to segment Cumulative Impact if only NO.1 is met. However, if the intersections along a LOS 0 or LOS E segment all operate at LOS 0 or better, the segment impact is not considered significant since intersection analysis is more indicative of actual roadway system operations than street segment analysis. If segment Level of Service is LOS F, impact is significant regardless of intersection LOS. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the impact identified in paragraph a. above occurs at study horizon year 10 or later, and is off-site and not adjacent to the project, the impact is considered cumulative. Study year 10 may be that typical SANDAG model year which is between 8 and 13 years in the future. In this case of a traffic study being performed in the period of 2000 to 2002, because the typical model will only evaluate traffic at years divisible by 5 (Le., 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020) study horizon year 10 would correspond to the SANDAG model for year 2010 and would be 8 years in the future. If the model year is less than seven years in the future, study horizon year 10 would be 13 years in the future. ........." Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 49 In the event a direct identified project-specific impact in paragraph a. above occurs at study horizon year 5 or earlier and the impact is off-site and not adjacent to this project, but the property immediately adjacent to the identified project-specific impact is also proposed to be developed in approximately the same time frame, an additional analysis may be required to determine whether or not the identified project specific impact would still occur if the development of the adjacent property does not take place. If the additional analysis concludes that the identified project-specific impact is no longer a direct impact, then the impact shall be considered cumulative. 3. Freeways Project specific impact if both the following criteria are met: · Freeway segment LOS is LOS E or LOS F · Project comprises 5% or more of the total forecasted ADT on that freeway segment. · Cumulative impact if only No. 1 is met. Impact: As shown on Tables 5.10-14 of the EIR (page 5-235), one intersection is projected to result in a significant direct impact at buildout of the proposed SPA Plan. As shown on Table 5.10-15 of the EIR (page 5-236), three street segments are projected to result in a cumulative traffic impact at buildout of the proposed SPA Plan. Additionally, implementation of the SPA Plan will result in significant cumulative impacts to six segments of 1-805. These impacts are discussed in Section 5.10, pages 5-198 through 5-234, of the EI R. Explanation: Based on the peak hour intersection, segment and freeway analyses, the significance of impacts under each analysis timeframe was determined. The intersection at Rock Mountain Road and La Media Road is projected to result in a significant impact at buildout of the proposed SPA Plan, as shown on Table 5.10-14. Implementation of the proposed SPA Plan will result in significant, cumulative street segment impacts at the following three segments: · Rock Mountain Road · Main Street to La Media Road · La Media Road to SR-125 · SR-125 to Eastlake Parkway Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 50 Significant cumulative impacts are calculated on 1-805 since LOS F is calculated for six segments along this freeway, and the proposed project adds traffic to this freeway. In addition, access-related impacts would occur if appropriate lane configurations are not provided at the project driveways. - Mitiqation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.10, page 5-234]. Mitigation of cumulative impacts to freeways are not feasible due to the fact that they are beyond the control of the City of Chula Vista. The mitigation of cumulative impacts to freeways is discussed in Section X below. 5.1 0-1 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the applicant( s) shall pay the applicable Transportation Development Impact Fee (TDIF), as amended to design, construct, and secure a fully actuated traffic signal, including interconnect wiring, mast arms, signal heads and associated equipment, underground improvements, standards and luminaries at the Rock Mountain Road/La Media Road intersection. The design of the signal shall be to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. Turn lane storage lengths shall be provided as indicated in Table 5.10-16. 5.10-2 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the applicant(s) shall pay the applicable Transportation Development Impact Fee (TO IF) , as amended, towards widening Rock Mountain Road from La Media Road to Eastlake Parkway to six lanes or toward an intersection improvement along Rock Mountain Road to the satisfaction of the City Engineer by year 2015. - 5.10-3 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the applicant(s) shall pay the applicable Transportation Development Impact Fee (TDIF), as amended, toward widening Rock Mountain Road from Main Street to SR-125 to six lanes and SR-125 to Eastlake Parkway to eight lanes or towards an intersection improvement along Rock Mountain Road, to the satisfaction of the City Engineer by year 2030. Project Access 5.10-5 Phasing of the following improvements shall be consistent with the project PFFP and to the satisfaction of the City Engineer, with intersection lane geometry per Figure 5.10-11. Prior to the approval of the final map triggering the construction of the intersection improvements, including installation of a traffic signal, the applicant shall enter into an agreement to design, construct, and secure a fully actuated traffic signal including interconnect wiring, mast arms, signal heads and associated equipment, underground improvements, standards and luminaries at the intersections listed below. The design of the signal shall be to the satisfaction of the City Engineer and conform to City standards. The applicant shall provide turn lane storage lengths as listed in Table 5.1 0-16. - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 51 . Heritage Road/Olympic Parkway . Heritage Road/Main Street . Heritage Road/Street "0" . Heritage Road/Street "P' . Heritage Road/Street "J" North . Heritage Road/Street "J" South . La Media Road/Birch Road . La Media Road/Santa Luna . Olympic Parkway/Street "0" PFFP 5.10-6 Prior to the approval of the final map containing the EOU threshold triggering the construction of street improvements, as defined by the PFFP, the applicant shall enter into an agreement to design, construct, and secure full street improvements to the street segments listed below. Phasing of improvements shall be consistent with the project PFFP and to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. Heritaqe Road Olympic Parkway to Street "0" Street "0" to Street "P' Street "P' to Street "J" North Street "J" North to Street "J" South Street" J" South to Main Street Heritage Road south of Main Street Main Street From Heritage Road to existing improvements East of Heritage Road to project SPA boundary Street "0" Heritage Road to Street E Street E to State Street State Street to Santa Venetia Olympic Parkway to Heritage Road Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 52 Street "E" Street "0" to Street "B" Street "B" to La Media Road ~, La Media Road Santa Venetia to Birch Avenue South of Birch Road to community park entrance (or Santa Luna) 5.10-7 No units within the project area shall be constructed which would result in the total number of units within the Eastern Territories exceeding 8,990 units, prior to the construction of SR-125 between SR-54 and the International Border. The City may issue additional building permits if the City Council determines that each of the following conditions have been met: (1) SR-125 is constructed and open between SR-54 and Olympic Parkway; and (2) traffic studies, prepared to the satisfaction of the City Engineer and the City Council, demonstrates that the opening of SR-125 to Olympic Parkway provides additional capacity to mitigate the project's cumulative significant impacts to a level below significance without exceeding Growth Management Oversight Committee traffic threshold standards. Additionally, the City may issue building permits if the City Council has approved an alternative method to implement the City's Growth Management Ordinance, as amended from time to time. -. Findinq: As identified Section 5.0, Subchapter 5.10, of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEOA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. AI R QUALITY Thresholds of Significance: Threshold 1: Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan; Threshold 2: Violate any air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation; Threshold 3: Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions which exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone precursors). Threshold 4: The City uses the following SCAOMD thresholds to assess the significance of air quality impacts (SCAOMD 1993) (Table 5.11-5): ........ Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 53 TABLE 5.11-5 SCAQMD THRESHOLDS Pollutant Carbon Monoxide Reactive Organic Compounds Oxides of Nitrogen Oxides of Sulfur PM10 Project Construction Pounds/Day Tons/Quarter 550 24.75 75 2.5 Project Operation Pounds/Day 550 55 100 150 150 2.5 6.75 6.75 55 150 150 Threshold 5: Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations; or Threshold 6: Create objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people. Impact: Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan. Development of the proposed SPA Plan and Composite TM is not consistent with the growth projections of the local regional air quality plan, which represents a direct, significant impact (Section 5.11, page !?-256). Explanation: While the project conforms to may of the measures included in the RAQS "Criteria to Guide the Development of Transportation Control Measures," the proposed SPA Plan project is not consistent with the growth projections of the local regional air quality plan; which is a significant impact. Because the significant air impact stems from an inconsistency between the proposed SPA Plan and the growth projections upon which the RAQS were based, the only measure that can lessen this effect is the review and revision of the RAOS to reflect the general plan with the proposed project. This effort is the responsibility of SANDAG and San Diego APCD and is outside the jurisdiction of the City. Revisions to SANDAG's RTP are anticipated in 2007. Mitiqation Measures: Mitigation of this planning impact would require the updating of the RAOS to reflect the General Plan with the proposed project. This effort is the responsibility of SANDAG and outside the role of the City of Chula Vista. Findinq: Implementation of this mitigation requires the revision of the RAQS. This is the responsibility of SANDAG and outside the jurisdiction of the City. Therefore, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(2) of the State CEQA Guidelines, such changes or alterations are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another public agency and not the agency making the finding. Such changes can and should be adopted by such other agency. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 54 Impact: Violate any air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or - projected air quality violation or result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment. Implementation of the proposed SPA Plan and Composite TM will introduce new sources of air emissions to the San Diego Air Basin (SDAB), which is a non-attainment area. In addition, development of the project will result in a short-term. direct air quality impact from dust generated during construction activities, fumes, and equipment exhaust. Since the region is not in compliance with the PM1Q standard and because the average daily emission is anticipated to increase with implementation of the SPA Plan, impacts are significant. PM1Q emissions result from construction of projects and from daily operations in the City. The mitigation measures detailed below will reduce PM10 from construction activities. Until the region is in compliance with the PM10 and Ozone standards, impacts from operations remain significant. Explanation: As shown in Table 5.11-7 and Table 5.11-8 of the EIR, the proposed SPA Plan will result in a cumulatively significant long-term contribution to regional PM10 and ozone levels as a result of projected emissions of ROG, an ozone precursor. In addition, the proposed SPA Plan will also result in a short-term significant fugitive dust impact as a result of emissions stemming from construction. Mobile and stationary emissions emitted to the SDAB as a result of implementing the proposed .- SPA Plan is expected to exceed the SCAQMD and 'the SDAPCD incremental thresholds for PM10, carbon monoxide, and the ozone precursors NOx and RaGs, as shown in Table 5.11-8 the EIR. As such, significant air quality impacts are anticipated due to mobile sources as a result of implementation of the project. For area source emissions alone, only ROG is anticipated to exceed the applicable thresholds. However, as shown in Table 5.11-8, the total emissions resulting from vehicular traffic and on- site area sources are projected to exceed applicable thresholds for PM10 and ozone precursors. Consequently, occupancy of the proposed project is expected to result in significant air quality impacts. Because the region is not in compliance with the state PM10 standard, the operational impacts of the development of the land uses associated with the SPA Plan represent a significant cumulative air impact. The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding through these findings. Until the region is in compliance with the PM10 and Ozone standards, impacts from operations remain significant. As the SDAB is in attainment for carbon monoxide, the projected maximum quarterly emission levels for that pollutant will not cause the region to exceed any applicable federal or state ambient air quality standards. ~ Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 55 Mitiqation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings (EIR, Subchapter 5.11, page 5-263). 5.11-1 Prior to the approval of building permits for each phase of the project, the applicant(s) shall demonstrate that air quality control and energy conservation measures outlined in the Sectional Planning Area (SPA) Plan Air Quality Improvement Plan pertaining to the design, construction, and operational phases of the project have been implemented. 5.11-2 Prior to the approval of any grading permit, the following measures shall be placed as notes on all grading plans, and shall be implemented during grading of each phase of the project to minimize construction emissions: . Minimize simultaneous operation of multiple construction equipment units; . Use low pollutant-emitting equipment construction equipment as practical; . Use electrical construction equipment as practical; . Use catalytic reduction for gasoline-powered equipment; . Use injection timing retard for diesel-powered equipment; . Water the construction areas a minimum of twice daily to minimize fugitive dust; . Stabilize graded areas as quickly as possible to minimize fugitive dust; . Pave permanent roads as quickly as possible to minimize dust; . Use electricity from power poles instead of temporary generators during building, as feasible; . Apply chemical stabilizer or pave the last 100 feet of internal travel path within the construction site prior to public road entry; . Install wheel washers adjacent to a paved apron prior to vehicle entry on public roads; . Remove any visible track-out into traveled public streets within 30 minutes of occurrence; . Wet wash the construction access point at the end of each workday if any vehicle travel on unpaved surfaces has occurred; Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 56 . Provide sufficient perimeter erosion control to prevent washout of silty material onto public roads; ........... . Cover haul trucks or maintain at least 12 inches of freeboard to reduce blow-off during hauling; and . Suspend all soil disturbance and travel on unpaved surfaces if winds exceed 25 mph. Findinq: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, social, or other considerations make infeasible the mitigation measures or project alternatives identified in the EIR. While mitigation measure 5.11-1 and 5.11-2 are feasible and will be completed, they do not substantially lessen the significant environmental effect as identified in the final EIR. Because there are no applicable or feasible mitigation measures within the control of the City to reduce mobile source emissions to below a level of significance, those operation-related impacts to air quality would remain significant and unmitigated. Adoption of a Statement of Overriding Consideration will be required should the decision makers choose to approve the proposed project. NOISE Thresholds of Significance: Threshold 1: Expose persons to or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in the Chula Vista General Plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies; - Threshold 2: Expose persons to or generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels; Threshold 3: Result in a substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project; Threshold 4: Result in a substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project; Threshold 5: For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, expose people residing \or working in the project area to excessive noise; or Threshold 6: For a project within the vicinity of a private airstrip, expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels. Impact: Expose persons to or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in the Chula Vista General Plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 57 of other agencies or Result in a substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project Construction activities would create short-term noise increases near construction areas. Additionally, traffic-generated noise along Olympic Parkway, Birch Road, La Media Road, Heritage Road, and several internal streets will cause a significant direct noise impact on proposed residential uses within the project area. Noise levels from active uses associated with the high school stadium and the proposed community park, and from traffic noise from the industrial uses may exceed noise level standards and impact the adjacent residential uses (Section 5.12, pages 5-269 through 5-281). Explanation: Potential sources of noise related to the proposed project include construction noise, traffic generated noise, noise from activities at the high school, noise from the community park, and noise from industrial uses. Construction activities, especially heavy equipment, would create short-term noise increases near construction areas. However, compliance with the existing City's Municipal Code would reduce this impact to below a level of significance. Noise within the proposed SPA Plan area would be affected by traffic on Olympic Parkway, Birch Road, La Media Road, Heritage Road, and several internal streets. The traffic on area streets could generate noise levels greater than the City's residential exterior standard of 65 CNEL at adjacent ground-level sensitive receptors, which could cause a significant impact without mitigation. Proposed residential units to the south of the high school stadium would be affected by activities at the stadium. Exterior noise levels at receivers 2 through 8 in Village 2 are projected to exceed 65 CNEL. This could cause a significant impact without mitigation. Active uses in the community park are not expected to exceed noise ordinance standards for Village Two to the north. However, noise levels may exceed standards for the residential zone to the south of the park. This could cause a significant impact without mitigation. Traffic noise levels are not projected to exceed 75 CNEL in industrial use areas. Noise levels produced on the industrial properties have the potential to affect adjacent residential uses and adjacent wildlife. Depending on the specifics of the industrial uses, this may be a significant impact. Mitiaation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and is made binding on the applicant through these findings (EI R, Subchapter 5.12, page 5-281 through 5-284). Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 58 5.12-1 Noise barriers shall be constructed as shown on Figure 5.12-4 of the EI R with the following provisions: - . Prior to the issuance of any building permit for those lots within the noise contour of 65 CNEL or greater, the applicant(s) shall construct the noise barriers as shown on Figure 5.12-4. Required barrier heights may be achieved through the construction of walls, berms, or wall/berm combinations. With the construction of barriers ranging from three to six feet along the edge of pad or top of slope as shown in Figure 5.12-4, noise levels at all ground-floor residential usable areas and the community park site would be at or below 65 CNEL. As indicated in Figure 5.12-4, the noise barrier adjacent to the community park may begin just north of the anticipated driveway at the southeast of the park. A site design for the multi-family residential area is not available at this time. Mitigation of any exterior use areas could also be achieved through the site design by placing the exterior use areas on the sides of the building opposite the major project roadways (Olympic Parkway, Heritage Road and La Media Road). This would ensure that these areas are adequately shielded from roadway noise. . Prior to issuance of the rough grading permit noise barriers shall be shown on wall and fence plans to the satisfaction of the Director of Building and Planning and the Environmental Review Coordinator. - 5.12-2 Prior to approval of building permits for single-family areas where second floor exterior noise levels exceed 65 CNEL, an acoustical analysis shall be performed ensuring that interior noise levels due to exterior sources will be at or below 45 CNEL. Building plans will be available during design review and will permit the accurate calculation of transmission loss for habitable rooms. (lots 1 through 4, 6, 7 and 9 through 17 in R-6; lots 103, 104, 114, 115, and 129 in R5; lots 11, 12 [or 25-C if this lot will have a building] and 34 in R-25; and lots 3, 5 through 9, 11, 12, 14, 19 and 20 in R-4.) For these lots, it may be necessary for the windows to be able to remain closed to ensure that interior noise levels meet the interior standard of 45 CNEL. Consequently, the design for these units may need to include a ventilation or air conditioning system to provide a habitable interior environment with the windows closed based on the results of the interior acoustical analysis. 5.12-3 As stated in Title 24 of the State Building Code, prior to approval of design review permits for multi-family areas where first and/or second floor exterior noise levels exceed 60 CNEL, an acoustical analysis shall be performed ensuring that interior noise levels due to exterior sources will be below 45 CNEL. Building plans will be available during design review and will permit the accurate calculation of transmission loss for habitable rooms. (Portions of Neighborhoods R-14, MU-3, R-30, R-13, and R-12.) For these areas, it may be necessary for the windows to be able to remain closed to ensure that _. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 59 interior noise levels meet the interior standard of 45 CNEL. Consequently, the design for buildings in these areas may need to include a ventilation or air conditioning system to provide a habitable interior environment with the windows closed based on the results of the interior acoustical analysis. Football Stadium Noise 5.12-4 Prior to the issuance of any building permit for Lots 21, 22, 27, 28, 29, 30, and 53 through 57 (see Figure 5.12-3), the applicant(s) shall construct four-foot-high barriers along the northern property line of the affected lots as shown on Figure 5.12-5. Community Park Noise 5.12-5 Prior to approval of a precise grading plan, an acoustical analysis shall be performed ensuring that noise levels do not exceed noise ordinance standards. Industrial Noise 5.12-6 Prior to the issuance of a building permit for an industrial use on lots adjacent to residential uses, or adjacent to the Wolf Canyon wildlife area a noise analysis shall be completed demonstrating that the proposed use will not exceed the noise limits set by the City's Noise Control Ordinance. Findinq: As identified in Section 5.0, Subchapter 5.12, Noise, of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEOA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES POTABLE WATER Thresholds of Significance: According to Appendix G of the CEOA Guidelines, the proposed project would have a significant impact on potable water if it would: Threshold 1: Require or result in the construction of new water treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects. Threshold 2: Have insufficient water supplies available to serve the project from existing entitlements and resources, or require new or expanded entitlements needed. Threshold 3: As part of its General Plan, the City has adopted a Growth Management Ordinance (Chapter 19.09) that imposes water threshold standards and requires Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 60 all major development projects to prepare a WCP. A copy of the SPA Plan WCP is available for public review at the City of Chula Vista, Planning and Building Department, 430 F Street, Chula Vista, California, and incorporated by reference in this EIR. These threshold standards are established to ensure that adequate storage, treatment, and transmission facilities are constructed concurrently with planned growth. - Therefore, impacts to potable water would be significant if the proposed project would exceed City threshold standards which seek to ensure that adequate supplies of quality water, appropriate for intended use, are available. The standards require the following actions: . The applicant must request and deliver to the City service availability letters from the appropriate water district for each project at the tentative map level. . The applicant is required to submit a Water Conservation Plan along with a SPA Plan application. . The project plans shall ensure an adequate supply of water on a long-term basis prior to the development of each Otay Ranch SPA. Impact: . The proposed SPA Plan would result in an incremental increase in water consumption and place additional demands on water storage and pumping facilities. If the II 0 water transfer and other agreements are invalidated, a direct, significant water supply impact would result (Section 5.13, pages 5-301 through 5-309). .......... Explanation: The WSAV Report prepared by Dexter Engineering for the proposed SPA Plan indicated that the increase in water demand is consistent wit~ the projected water demand included in the OWD 2000 UWMP and the WRMP. The same finding can also be made under the OWD 2005 UWMP. The WSAV Report relied on water supply forecasts based on the projected potable water demands supplied with imported water received from SDCW A. However, the SDCW A relies in part on the 110 water transfer and other agreements that are being challenged in court. As a result, the assumption that the 110 water transfer and other agreements will be available is questionable due to litigation uncertainty, and it is possible that the identified water supplies may not be available as anticipated, despite the urban water management planning conducted by MWD, SDCW A, and OWD. If the litigation were to invalidate identified and available water supplies, a direct, significant water supply impact would result. Mitioation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, page 5-310]: ~" Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 61 5.13.1-1 Prior to the approval of the first final map, a final Subarea Master Plan (SAMP) shall be required for the project. The SAMP shall include the following: . Existing pipeline locations, size, and capacity . The proposed points of connection and system . The estimated water demands and/or sewer flow calculated . Governing fire department's fire flow requirements (flow rate, duration, hydrant spacing, etc) . Agency's Master Plan . Agency's planning criteria (see Sections 4.1 through 4.3 of the Water Agencies' Standards) . Water quality maintenance . Size of system and number of lots to be served Water facilities improvements shall be financed or installed on-site and off-site in accordance with the SAMP. 5.13.1-2 Prior to the approval of the first final map, the applicant(s) shall secure and agree with the Otay Water District to construct all potable water facilities (on-site and off-site) required to serve the project. These water facilities improvements shall be financed or installed on-site and off-site in accordance with the fees and phasing in the approved Public Facilities Finance Plans for the SPA Plan. Findinq: While mitigation measure 5.13-1 and 5.13-2 are feasible and will be completed, they do not substantially lessen the significant environmental effect as identified in the final EIR. The water supply impact remains significant because the issue of availability of water that was relied on to determine that there will be a sufficient supply is currently being litigated. Until the resolution of those actions, the anticipated water supply is not assured. The resolution of this issue is outside of the purview of the City. Because there are no applicable or feasible mitigation measures within the control of the City to reduce mobile water supply impacts to below a level of significance, those impacts remain significant and unmitigated. Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, social, or other considerations make infeasible the mitigation measures or project alternatives identified in the EIR. As described in the Statement of Overriding Considerations, however, the City Council has determined that these impacts are acceptable because of specific overriding considerations. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 62 RECYCLED WATER - Thresholds of Significance: Threshold 1: Require or result in the construction of new water treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects; or Threshold 2: Have insufficient water supplies available to serve the project from existing entitlements and resources, or require new or expanded entitlements. Threshold 3: As part of its General Plan, the City has adopted a Growth Management Ordinance (Chapter 19.09) that imposes water threshold standards and requires all major development projects to prepare a WCP. A copy of the SPA Plan WCP is available for public review at the City of Chula Vista, Planning and Building Department, 430 F Street, Chula Vista, California, and incorporated by reference in this EIR. These threshold standards are established to ensure that adequate storage, treatment, and transmission facilities are constructed concurrently with planned growth. Therefore, impacts to recycled water would be significant if the proposed project would exceed City threshold standards that seek to ensure that adequate supplies of quality water, appropriate for intended use, are available. The standards require the following actions: ............. . The applicant must request and deliver to the City service availability letters from the appropriate water district for each project at the tentative map level. . The applicant is required to submit a Water Conservation Plan along with a SPA Plan application. . The project plans shall ensure an adequate supply of water on a long-term basis prior to the development of each Otay Ranch SPA. Impact: The proposed project would result in an incremental increase in the use of recycled water and place additional demands on water storage and pumping facilities. The increase in use of recycled water has been planned for by the OWD and will not have a significant impact (Section 5.13, page 5-313). However, the impact to recycled water storage and distribution facilities would be significant if construction of new facilities does not coincide with the development phasing of the proposed SPA Plan outlines in the project's PFFP. Explanation: OWD has master planned a series of pump stations, reservoirs, and transmission lines to integrate recycled water from the South Bay Reclamation Plant into the existing and future - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 63 recycled water system. Construction of these facilities is estimated to begin in the fall of 2006. The recycled water system will continue to be supplemented with potable water until the additional source of recycled water supply from the South Bay Water Reclamation Plant is available. Therefore, impacts to recycled water storage and distribution facilities would be significant if construction of new facilities does not coincide with the project's anticipated growth. Mitiqation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13.2, page 5-317] 5.13.2-1 Prior to the approval of the first final map, a final Subarea Master Plan shall be required for the project. The SAMP shall include the following: . Existing pipeline locations, size, and capacity . The proposed points of connection and system . The estimated water demands and/or sewer flow calculated . Governing fire department's fire flow requirements (flow rate, duration, hydrant spacing, etc) . Agency's Master Plan . Agency's planning criteria (see Sections 4.1 through 4.3 of the Water Agencies' Standards) . Water quality maintenance . Size of system and number of lots to be served Water facilities improvements shall be financed or installed on-site and off-site in accordance with the SAMP. 5.13.2-2 Recycled water facility improvements shall be financed or installed on- and off- site in accordance with the fees and phasing in the approved PFFP for the Villages Two, Three, and a portion of Four SPA Plan. Findinq: As identified in Section 5.10, Subchapter 5.13, of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 64 SEWER -, Thresholds of Significance: Threshold 1: Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the project that it has inadequate capacity to serve the project's projected demand in addition to the provider's existing commitments; Threshold 2: Require or result in the construction of new wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects; and Threshold 3: As part of its General Plan, the City has adopted a Growth Management Ordinance (Chapter 19.09) that imposes wastewater threshold standards that require the following: Sewage Flows and volumes shall not exceed City Engineering Standards as set forth in the Subdivision Manual adopted by City Council Resolution Number 11175 on February 12, 1983, as may be amended from time to time. A copy of the Subdivision Manual is available for public review at the City of Chula Vista, Planning and Building Department, 430 F Street, Chula Vista, California. - The City shall annually provide the San Diego Metropolitan Sewer Authority with a 12- to 18- month development forecast and request confirmation that the projection is within the City's purchases/capacity rights and an evaluation of their ability to accommodate the forecast and continuing growth, or the City Engineering Department staff shall gather the necessary data. Impact: Development of the proposed SPA Plan and Composite TM would result in an increase in sewage generation (Section 5.13, pages 5-325 through 5-327). Based on this increase, development of the proposed SPA Plan will require the construction of gravity sewer line to handle increased flow. In addition, Village Three will be served by constructing a gravity sewer line in Heritage Road and connecting to the Wolf Canyon/Salt Creek Interceptor. The development of Village Three cannot occur until the construction of this gravity sewer line is completed. Explanation: The proposed SPA Plan would require the construction of new wastewater conveyance facilities. Construction of these conveyance facilities would occur in conformance with the phasing plan in the proposed project's PFFP. Until the sewer line in Heritage Road is constructed, development within Village Two will be limited so as not to exceed the excess capacity in the Poggi Canyon Interceptor sewer. Similarly, development of Village Three cannot proceed until the Heritage Road connection to the Salt Creek Interceptor is complete. - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 65 Mitiqation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EJR, Subchapter 5.13.3, page 5-327] 5.13.3-1 5.13.3-2 5.13.3-3 Sewer facility improvements shall be financed or installed on-site and off-site in accordance with the fees and phasing in the approved Public Facilities Financing Plan. Prior to the recordation of the first Final Map or grading permit that creates any parcel located within the Wolf Canyon/Salt Creek Sewer Basin, the City Engineer shall be satisfied that the connections to the gravity sewer system from the southern portion of Village Two have been designed and secured to convey flow to Heritage Road and southerly to the Salt Creek Interceptor. In order to ensure the timely construction of the Heritage Road regional facility, prior to the first final map that creates any parcel located within the Wolf Canyon/Salt Creek Sewer Basin, the necessary right-of-way for constructing full street improvements within the SPA Plan boundary shall be granted to the City. Findinq: As identified in Section 5.0, Subchapter 5.13, of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. LAW ENFORCEMENT Thresholds of Significance: Threshold 1: Result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times, or other performance objectives for police protection services. Threshold 2: Additionally, according to the City's Threshold Standards Policy, the project would have a significant impact on police services if it: · Exceeds the City's threshold standards to respond to Priority One emergency calls throughout the city (within seven minutes in 81 percent of the cases and an average response time to all Priority One calls of 5.5 minutes or less). Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 66 . Exceeds the City's threshold standards to respond to Priority Two urgent calls throughout the city (within seven minutes in 57 percent of cases and an average response time to all Priority Two calls of 7.5 minutes or less). - Impact: Development of the proposed SPA Plan and the Composite TM would result in a direct, significant impact to law enforcement because of the predicted increase in calls for service and the additional travel time required to respond to these calls (Section 5.13, page 5-333). Explanation: The Police Department is currently meeting the threshold standards for Priority One calls, but not meeting the threshold standards for Priority Two calls. Development of the proposed project would result in an incremental increase in calls for police service. Given the location of the project, officers would be required to travel additional distances to respond to calls for service. Increased travel time lengthens response time. Mitiqation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13.5, page 5- 334]. - 5.13.5-1 Prior to the approval of each building permit, the applicant(s) shall pay Public Facilities Development Impact Fees (PFDI F). The proposed Public Facilities Financing Plan describes public facilities fees for police services based on equivalent dwelling units by development phase. The applicant(s) shall pay the public facilities fees at the rate in effect at the time building permits are issued. 5.13.5-2 The City of Chula Vista shall continue to monitor the Chula Vista Police Department responses to emergency calls and report the results to the Growth Management Oversight Committee on an annual basis. Findina: As identified in Section 5.10, Subchapter 5.13, of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant effect as identified in the EI R to a level of insignificance. FIRE PROTECTION Thresholds of Significance: Threshold 1: Result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant -. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 67 environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the fire protection and emergency services. Threshold 2: Additionally, the City's Threshold Standards Policy states that the proposed project would have a significant impact on fire protection services if it would: . Reduce the ability to respond tQ calls throughout the City within the City's threshold standard to respond to calls within seven minutes in 80 percent of the cases. Impact: The Chula Vista Fire Department does not currently meet the threshold standard for response time for the City, including the Otay Ranch community. However, as population growth in the service area warrants, fire stations would be constructed within Village Nine of the Otay Valley parcel and within Village Thirteen of the Proctor Valley parcel to help ensure GMOC threshold standards are met. Implementation of the proposed SPA Plan will result in direct, significant impacts if construction of these facilities does not coincide with the increase in demand (Section 5.13, pages 5-335 through 5-336). Explanation: The Chula Vista Fire Department currently exceeds the threshold standards established for response time. Increased response time is attributable, in part, to increased travel time, which results from responding to freeway incidents; the lower density, hilly terrain; and the more circuitous non-grid nature of many streets in new residential developments in eastern Chula Vista, which includes the SPA Plan area. According to the Fire Station Master Plan, a nine- station network at General Plan buildout is needed to maintain compliance with the threshold standard. These stations would help ensure adequate service within the requirements of the GMOC threshold standards. Impacts to fire and emergency medical services would be significant if construction of these facilities does not coincide with the project's anticipated population growth and increased demand for services. Mitiqation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EI R, Subchapter 5.13, page 5-336] 5.13.6-1 Prior to the approval of each building permit, the applicant(s) shall pay Public Facilities Development Impact Fee (PFDIF) at the rate in effect at the time of building permit issuance. 5.13.6-2 The City of Chula Vista shall continue to monitor Chula Vista Fire Department responses to emergency fire and medical calls and report the results to the Growth Management Oversight Committee on an annual basis. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 68 Findinq: - As identified in Section 5.10, Subchapter 5.13, of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant effect as identified in the EI R to a level of insignificance. SCHOOLS Thresholds of Significance: Threshold 1: Result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for educational facilities services. Threshold 2: According to the Otay Ranch GDP, impacts would be significant if the proposed SPA Plan project locates schools: . In areas where disturbing factors such as traffic hazards, airports, or other incompatible land uses are present; . In areas where they are not integrated into the system of alternative transportation corridors, such as bike lanes, riding and hiking trails, and mass transit; . Where private elementary and secondary schools are not spaced far enough from public schools and each other to prevent an overconcentration of school impacts; . Without at least 10 usable acres for an elementary school; . Without a central location to residential development; . Adjacent to a street or road which cannot safely accommodate bike, foot, and vehicular traffic; . In areas not adjacent to parks, thereby discouraging joint field and recreation facility uses; -" . At an unsafe distance (as required by law) from contaminants or toxins in the soil or groundwater from landfills, fuel tanks, agricultural areas, power lines, utility easements, and so on; or · Inside of floodplains; on unstable soils; or near fault lines. Impact: Project implementation would result in a direct, significant impact to schools unless construction of facilities coincide with student generation and associated service demands (Section 5.13, pages 5-338 through 340). - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 69 Explanation: The proposed project is expected to generate approximately 1,515 students between elementary, middle school, and high school grades as shown on Table 5.13-18 of the EIR. Proposed development and the projected increase in the number of elementary, middle school, and high school students would have a significant impact on the existing schools since they are already near capacity. According to the adopted Otay Ranch GDP School Facility Implementation Plan, schools are planned to be constructed at the time that 50 percent of the projected students reside in the community. Potentially direct, significant impacts to school services would result if construction of new facilities does not coincide with need. Mitiqation Measures: Provision of school facilities is the responsibility of the school district when additional demand warrants. Government Code 65995(b) provides that the statutory fees are the exclusive means of considering as well as mitigating for school impacts. It does not just limit the mitigation that may be required, but also limits the scope of review and the findings to be adopted for school impacts. Once the statutory fee is imposed, the impact would be mitigated because of the provision that statutory fees constitute full and complete mitigation. Therefore, implementation of the mitigation measures set forth below would reduce the impact to schools to below a level of significance for the proposed SPA Plan and the Composite TM. The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings [EIR Subchapter 5.13.7, page 5-341]. 5.13.7-1 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the applicant(s) shall pay all required school mitigation fees or enter into an agreement to help finance the needed facilities and services for the Chula Vista Elementary School District to the satisfaction of the School District. 5.13.7-2 Prior to the issuance of building permits, the applicant(s) shall pay all required school mitigation fees or enter into an agreement to help finance the needed facilities and services for the Sweetwater Union High School District to the satisfaction of the School District. FindinQ: As identified in Section 5.10, Subchapter 5.13, of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. liBRARY SERVICE Thresholds of Significance: Threshold 1 : Result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 70 altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for library services. Threshold 2: Additionally, the City's Threshold Standards Policy states that the proposed project would have a significant impact on library services if it would fail to meet the City's threshold standard of 500 gross square feet of library space, adequately equipped and staffed, per 1,000 population. -" Impact: There is currently a shortfall of approximately 6,500 square feet of library space in the city. The projected increase in population associated with the proposed SPA Plan would result additional demands on library services. Direct, significant impacts to library services would result if construction of new library facilities does not coincide with need (Section 5.13, pages 5-342 through 5-343). Explanation: Implementation of the proposed SPA Plan project and Composite TM would generate a greater population and would, therefore, require additional library facilities. An estimated population increase of 8,458 people corresponds to an increased library demand of 4,250 square feet. A potentially significant impact would result from the development of the proposed SPA Plan and the Composite TM if construction of new library facilities and provision of additional documents does not coincide with project implementation and associated population growth. -, Mitioation Measures: The following mitigation measure is feasible and is required as a condition of approval and is made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13.8, page 5-343]. 5.13.8-1 Prior to approval of each building permit, the applicant(s) shall pay Public Facilities Development Impact Fees. Prior to the issuance of building permits, Applicants shall pay required Public Facility Development Impact fees at the rate in effect at the time of permit issuance. Findinq: As identified in Section 5.10, Subchapter 5.13, of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. PARKS AND RECREATION - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 71 Thresholds of Significance: Threshold 1: Requires the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment; Threshold 2: Increases the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated; Threshold 3: The City's Threshold Standards Policy states that the proposed project would have a significant impact on parks and recreation services if it fails to meet the City's threshold standard of dedicating three acres of neighborhood and community parkland per 1,000 residents. Impact: Implementation of the proposed SPA Plan and the Composite TM would generate increased demand for parks and recreation facilities. A direct, significant impact could result if dedication of parkland and construction of new facilities does not coincide with project implementation and project population growth (Section 5.13, pages 5-345 and 5-346). Explanation: The proposed SPA Plan area is required to provide 25.4 acres of community/neighborhood parkland. The proposed SPA Plan meets these requirements by providing a centrally located 7.1-acre Neighborhood Park, a 6.9-acre Neighborhood Park in the eastern area of the village, a 1.4-acre Town Square in the Village Core, and 44.2 (net) acres of Community Park in a portion of Village Four for a total of 59.6 acres. However, if construction of new facilities does not coincide with the increase in demand as a result of implementation of the proposed SPA Plan, impacts would be significant. Mitiqation Measures: The following mitigation measure is feasible and is required as a condition of approval and is made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EI R, Subchapter 5.13.9, page 5-346]. 5.13.9-1 Prior to the approval of the first final map, the applicant(s) shall dedicate neighborhood and community parkland. Prior to approval of the final map, or for projects not requiring a final map, prior to building permit, the applicant(s) shall pay park development fees; and prior to building permit the applicant(s) shall pay recreation development impact fees in accordance with the fees and phasing approved in the Public Facilities Financing Plan for the SPA Plan. Findinq: As identified in Section 5.13, Subchapter 5.13.9, of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 72 that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. ~,. HAZARDS/RISK OF UPSET Thresholds of Significance: Threshold 1: Is located on a site that is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, a significant hazard to the public or the environment would be created; Threshold 2: Creates a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials; Threshold 3: Creates a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment; Threshold 4: Emits hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school; Threshold 5: Is located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport and would result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area; - Threshold 6: Is located within the vicinity of a private airstrip and would result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area; Threshold 7: Impairs implementation of or physically interferes with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan; Threshold 8: Exposes people or structures to a significant risk or loss, injury, or death involving wildland fires, including where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas. Impacts related to hazards were identified in the Otay Ranch GDP Program EIR. Because the EIR is a second tier of the Otay Ranch GDP Program EIR, the impacts identified in the Program EIR will also serve as the thresholds for determining impacts related to public health and safety for the propose SPA Plan. Threshold 9: Increase in urbanization would result in an increase in the uses, transport, storage, and disposal of hazardous waste materials and an associated increase in the risk of an upset condition in the area. Mitigation involves adherence to - federal, state, and local laws and regulation regarding hazardous materials, and Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 73 emergency evacuation routes. Impacts would be reduced to levels below significance. Threshold 10: Historic use of pesticides which would result in soil contamination and health effects. Mitigation involves conducting soil testing in appropriate areas. Impacts would be reduced to levels below significance. Impact: Historic use of pesticides which would result in soil contamination and health effects. The project will result in a direct impact to public health and safety due to soil contamination at the project site (Section 5.14, pages 5-357 through 5-359). Explanation: The extent of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil beneath the former UST on Village Two have been adequately assessed and excavated. Soil samples collected from the bottom and sidewalls of the excavation do not exhibit TPHgrrPHd concentrations at or above the laboratory detection limits and are not considered a risk to public safety or the environment. The Phase I ESA conducted for Village Three concluded that there is a potential for agriculturally developed portions of the subject property to be impacted by residual agricultural, including soil augmenting and chemicals. Elevated levels of organochlorine pesticides were present in the soils at the Village Four site. Fifteen composite soil samples taken from the Village Four Community Park Site exhibited concentrations of toxaphene exceeding one-quarter of the residential PRGs. Concentrations of OCPs exceeding residential PRGs are generally limited to the upper two feet of soil. The concentrations of the pesticides in the soils at the Village Four Community Park Site would be considered a significant risk to public safety and mitigation would be required. Mitiaation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.14, page 5-360]. In addition to implementation of BMPs for the protection of water quality (see Chapter 5.9, Water Resources and Water Quality), the following mitigation measures are required to reduce significant impacts associated with the potential exposure to hazardous materials. Implementation of the proposed SPA Plan and Composite TM could potentially result in public health and safety impacts related to soil contamination at the project site and would require the following mitigation: 5.14-1 If soil is to be exported from the site during proposed grading and other construction activities, it should be characterized prior to proposed off-site use or disposal and handled in accordance with applicable environmental laws and regulations. In addition, Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 74 contractors performing proposed grading and construction activities should employ adequate dust control measures to minimize exposure to soil and dust at the site. - 5.14-2 If soil exhibiting hydrocarbon staining and/or odors are encountered at the site during grading and/or construction, the soil should be evaluated by a qualified professional (such as a professional engineer, registered geologist, or registered environmental assessor experienced in hazardous waste evaluations) and handled in accordance with applicable environmental laws and regulations. Findinq: As identified in Section 5.10, of the EIR, pursuant to section 15091(a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. x. CUMULATIVE SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS & MITIGATION MEASURES -, Cumulative impacts are those which "are considered when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effect of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects" (Pub. Resources Code Section 21082.2 subd. (b)). Several development proposals have been submitted for consideration or have been recently approved by the City of Chula in proximity of the project site. These "current or probable future" development proposals can affect many of the same natural resources and public infrastructure as development of the SPA Plan. Potentially significant cumulative impacts are associated with development of the project in conjunction with these surrounding development projects. In formulating mitigation measures for the project, regional issues and cumulative impacts have been taken into consideration. Many of the mitigation measures adopted for the cumulative impacts are similar to the project level mitigation measures. This reflects the inability of the Lead Agency to impose mitigation measures on surrounding jurisdictions (Le., City of San Diego, City of National City, and Caltrans) and the contribution of these jurisdictions to cumulative impacts. The project, along with other related projects, will result in the following irreversible cumulative environmental changes. All page numbers following the impacts refer to pages in the EI R. The Otay Ranch GDP Program EIR (EIR #90-01) provided a comprehensive examination of the cumulative impacts associated with buildout of the entire Otay Ranch in conjunction with other related projects. The proposed SPA Plan project would not substantially change the conclusions - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 75 of the cumulative impact analysis from the Otay Ranch GDP EIR, since the proposed SPA Plan project is consistent with the adopted GDP for Villages Two, Three, and a portion of Four. Impact: Land Use, Planning, and Zoning Implementation of the SPA Plan, in conjunction with buildout of the remaining portions of Otay Ranch, and other nearby projects, will contribute to the conversion of over 30,000 acres of undeveloped land to urban uses. The overall loss of agricultural land and change in the character and use of the site from rural agricultural to urban would have a significant cumulative land use impact (EIR, Subchapter 5.0, page 5.4), as identified in the GDP Program EIR (EIR #90-01 ). Explanation: There are no feasible measures that would mitigate the impact to below a level of significance. In adopting the Findings of Fact to approve the Otay Ranch GDP, the City Council found that there are no feasible measures that would mitigate the impact below a level of significant, and a Statement of Overriding Considerations was adopted. The City Council determined that the cumulative land use impacts were acceptable because of the specific overriding considerations. Mitiqation Measures: The City Council found in adopting the findings to approve the Otay Ranch GDP that there are no feasible measures that would mitigate the impact of the conversion of land to urban uses to below a level of significance. Therefore, the SPA Plan, as a project that implements the GDP, would contribute to this cumulatively significant unmitigable impact. Findinq: There is no feasible mitigation measure to reduce this impact to below significance. Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make infeasible the mitigation measures or project alternatives identified in the Final EIR.. Impact: Landform AlterationNisual Quality Development of the proposed SPA Plan would contribute to a change in the visual quality of the region. In addition, the project would contribute to the cumulative nighttime impacts identified in the Otay Ranch GDP EIR. Explanation: The visual quality would be affected by the change in character from a rural to an urban setting and overall landform alteration. Impacts to the nighttime visual setting would also occur from the cumulative addition of lights as Otay Ranch and surrounding proposed projects are implemented. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 76 Mitioation Measures: Cumulative visual impacts related to the change in visual character for the Otay Ranch and other major projects in the region would remain significant. No mitigation has been identified for the proposed SPA Plan to reduce this impact, and therefore, the Village Two, Three, and Portion of Four SPA Plan would result in significant cumulative impacts related to a change in the visual character of the project area that cannot be fully mitigated. -- Findino: The only mitigation available for this impact is the No Project Alternative. However, this alternative would not meet the goals and objectives of the proposed project as discussed in Section 3.3 of the EIR. Therefore, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(3) of the CEOA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. As described in the Statement of Overriding Considerations, however, the City Council has determined that these impacts are acceptable because of specific overriding considerations. Impact: Biological Resources Development of the SPA Plan will contribute to a cumulative loss of raptor foraging habitat. The loss of raptor foraging habitat also was identified as a significant impact in the GDP Program EIR (EIR #90-01). -. Explanation: The GDP Program EIR (EIR #90-01) identified the loss of raptor foraging habitat as a significant cumulative impact. The SPA Plan will result in impacts to non-native grasslands and agricultural lands used by foraging raptors. Therefore, the SPA Plan and Composite TM, as a project that implements the GDP, will contribute to this significant cumulative impact. Mitiqation Measures: The City Council found in adopting the findings to approve the Otay Ranch GDP that there are no mitigation measures that would reduce the impact of the loss of foraging habitat to below a level of significance. Adoption of the No Project Alternative is the only means to lessen the impact to raptor foraging habitat. However, adoption of the No Project alternative would not achieve any of the objectives of the project as identified in the EIR. The SPA Plan, as a project that implements the GDP, would contribute to this cumulatively significant unmitigable impact. Therefore, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(3) of the CEOA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. As described in the Statement of Overriding Considerations, however, the City Council has determined that these impacts are acceptable because of specific overriding considerations. Findinq: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(3) of the CEOA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. Development of the proposed SPA Plan would contribute to the cumulative loss of raptor foraging habitat identified - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 77 in the approved GDP Program EIR #90-01. Adoption of the No Project Alternative is the only means to lessen the impact to raptor foraging habitat. However, adoption of the No Project alternative would not achieve any of the objectives of the project as identified in the EIR. As described in the Statement of Overriding Considerations, however, the City Council has determined that these impacts are acceptable because of specific overriding considerations. Impact: Cultural Resources Development of the proposed SPA Plan would contribute to a significant cumulative loss of cultural resources. Explanation: The Otay Ranch GDP Program EIR made a Finding of Overriding Considerations, whereby the benefits of the Otay Ranch project outweigh the significant cumulative impacts to cultural resources. No new cumulative impacts beyond those previously analyzed in the original GDP Program EIR (#90-01) would occur from implementation of the project. However, because of the continuing depletion of the archaeological record through general development, cumulative impacts to cultural resources would remain significant and unmitigated. As described in the Statement of Overriding Considerations, however, the City Council has determined that these impacts are acceptable because of specific overriding considerations. Mitiaation Measure: No mitigation has been identified for the proposed SPA Plan to reduce this impact. Therefore, the SPA Plan would result in significant cumulative impacts related to cultural resources that cannot be fully mitigated. Findina: The only mitigation available for this impact is the No Project alternative. Adoption of the No Project Alternative does not meet the goals and objectives of the proposed project discussed in the EIR. Therefore, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. As described in the Statement of Overriding Considerations, however, the City Council has determined that these impacts are acceptable because of specific overriding considerations. Impact: Agricultural Resources The loss of agricultural land and land suitable for the production of crops would result in a significant cumulative impact due to the incremental and irreversible loss or impairment of limited agricultural resources. Noise, odors, insects, rodents, and chemicals associated with agricultural operations would create indirect, short-term, potentially significant impacts between the agricultural uses and urban uses. Explanation: Development of the SPA Plan and the Composite TM would result in a significant impact to agricultural resources, due to the loss of 858.8 acres of Farmland of Local Importance and the Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 78 conversion of 321.72 acres of Grazing Land to urban uses. The loss of this acreage would result in a significant unavoidable impact due to the incremental and irreversible loss or impairment of Farmland of Local Importance and Grazing Land. In adopting the Findings of Fact to approve the Otay Ranch GDP, the City Council found that there are no feasible measures that would mitigate the impact below a level of significant, and a Statement of Overriding Considerations was adopted. This impact is identical to that assessed in the Otay Ranch GDP Program EIR (EIR #90-01). The SPA Plan would not result in any new significant adverse impacts to agricultural resources, or an intensification of such impacts, that were not analyzed in GDP Program EIR. - Furthermore, noise, odors, insects, rodents, and chemicals associated with agricultural operations would create indirect, short-term, potentially significant impacts between the agricultural uses and urban uses. Mitiqation Measures: No mitigation has been identified for the proposed SPA Plan to reduce this impact. Therefore, the SPA Plan would result in significant cumulative impacts related to agricultural resources that cannot be fully mitigated. Findinq: The incremental and cumulative loss of agricultural lands, which was considered a significant _ impact in the Otay Ranch GDP Program EIR, remains significant, and no mitigation measures are available to reduce this impact to below a level of significance. This incremental loss remains significant and unmitigated. As described in the Statement of Overriding Considerations, however, the City Council has determined that these impacts are acceptable because of specific overriding considerations. Impact: Traffic, Circulation and Access The proposed project would contribute to significant cumulative traffic impacts on segments of 1- 805 [EIR, Subchapter 5.10, pages 5-228]. Explanation: The analysis contained in Section 5.10 found that cumulative impacts on 1-805 would remain significant and unavoidable. LOS F was calculated on 1-805 for individual scenarios and the project adds traffic to this freeway. All required improvements to 1-805 are the responsibility of Caltrans and SANDAG. Mitiqation Measures: The following mitigation measure is feasible and is required as a condition of approval and is made binding on the applicant through these findings (ErR, Subchapter 5.10, page 5-234 through 5-242). - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 79 5.10-4 For the following freeway segments, additional lanes would be required to maintain acceptable LOS. The City of Chula Vista recommends continued freeway planning efforts and deficiency planning by Caltrans and SANDAG will determine mitigation strategies for the regional freeway system. · Northbound 1-805 from Telegraph Canyon Road to East H Street · Southbound 1-805 from East H Street to Telegraph Canyon Road · Southbound 1-805 from Olympic Parkway to Main Street · Northbound 1-805 from Olympic Parkway to Telegraph Canyon Road · Southbound 1-805 from Telegraph Canyon Road to Olympic Parkway · Southbound 1-805 from Olympic Parkway to Main Street Findinq: While implementation of the measures described above in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would reduce significant cumulative impacts to freeway segments below a level of significance, improvement to 1-805 is the responsibility of SANDAG and outside the jurisdiction of the City. Therefore, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(2) of the State CEQA Guidelines, such changes or alterations are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another public agency and not the agency making the finding. Such changes can and should be adopted by such other agency. As described in the Statement of Overriding Considerations, however, the City Council has determined that these impacts are acceptable because of specific overriding considerations. Impact: Air Quality The proposed project will result in temporary and long-term air quality impacts associated with construction and operation of the proposed project. Once the proposed project is built out, the major source of air pollution wi/I be from project-related traffic. The analysis of air quality impacts contained in Section 5.11 included an analysis of cumulative impacts to air quality and found that the cumulative impacts related to long-term mobile emissions would be significant. Explanation: The region is currently classified as attainment for all criterion pollutants except Ozone. As of April 15, the region was classified as non-attainment for Ozone as a result of the application of the eight-hour Ozone standard. Ozone is not emitted directly, but is a result of atmospheric activity on precursors. Nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons (reactive organic gases) are known as the chief "precursors" of ozone. These compounds react in the presence of sunlight to produce ozone. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 80 Because of the nature of the formation of ozone, it is a regional issue, rather than a localized one. The construction of the proposed project represents a cumulatively considerable contribution to the emission of ozone precursors, and a significant and unavoidable cumulative air quality impact. This impact is identical to the significant and unmitigable impact to air quality that was identified and assessed in the GDP Program EIR (EIR #90-01), and overridden in the City's Statement of Overriding Considerations prepared for the adopted Otay Ranch GDP. ..-....." Mitiqation Measures: No mitigation is available to reduce this cumulatively sig"nificant impact to less than significant levels. FindinQ: Project-related traffic emiSSions will exceed the identified significance thresholds for ozone precursors. There is no feasible mitigation available for this cumulative impact because it is a regional issue. Therefore, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make infeasible the mitigation measures or project alternatives identified in the Final EtA. As described in the Statement of Overriding Considerations, however, the City Council has determined that these impacts are acceptable because of specific overriding considerations. Impact: Public Services and Utilities WATER The proposed project plus cumulative development would incrementally increase regional water consumption, resulting in a significant cumulative impact to water supply. - Explanation: Cumulative impacts to water supply associated with ongoing development, including the proposed SPA Plan, are anticipated on a regional scale. The WSA&V report prepared by OWD for the proposed project relied on water supply forecasts based on the projected potable water demands supplied entirely with imported water received from the SDCW A. However, the SDCWA relies in part on a water transfer with the Imperial Irrigation District and the agreement that provides for the water transfer is being challenged in court. In light of these cases, the assumption that the 110 water transfer water will be available is questionable. Since the 110 water transfer is being challenged, it is possible that the water from 110 will not be available as anticipated. In the absence of this water a significant water supply impact would result. Mitiqation Measure: No mitigation is available to reduce this cumulatively significant impact to less than significant levels. Findinq: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, social, or - other considerations make infeasible the mitigation measures or project alternatives identified in Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 81 the EIR. The water supply impact remains significant because the issue of availability of water that was relied on to determine that there will be a sufficient supply is currently being litigated. Until the resolution of those actions, the anticipated water supply is not assured. The resolution of this issue is outside of the purview of the City. Because there are no applicable or feasible mitigation measures within the control of the City to reduce water supply impacts to below a level of significance, those impacts remain significant and unmitigated. As described in the Statement of Overriding Considerations, however, the City Council has determined that these impacts are acceptable because of specific overriding considerations. XI. FEASIBILITY OF POTENTIAL PROJECT ALTERNATIVES Because the project will cause significant environmental effects, as outlined above, the City must consider the feasibility of any environmentally superior alternative to the project as finally approved. The City must evaluate whether one or more of these alternatives 'could avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effects. Where no significant environmental effects remain after application of all feasible mitigation measures identified in the EIR, the decision makers must still evaluate the project alternatives identified in the EIR. Under these circumstances, CEOA requires findings on the feasibility of project alternatives. In general, in preparing and adopting findings, a lead agency need not necessarily address feasibility when contemplating the approval of a project with significant impacts. Where the significant impacts can be mitigated to an acceptable (insignificant) level solely by the adoption of mitigation measures, the agency, in drafting its findings, has no obligation to consider the feasibility of environmentally superior alternatives, even if their impacts would be less severe than those of the projects as mitigated (Laurel Heights Improvement Association v. Regents of the University of California (1988) 47 Cal.3d 376 [253 Cal.Rptr. 426]; Laurel Hills Homeowners Association v. City Council (1978) 83 Cal.App.3d 515 [147 Cal.Rptr. 842]; Kings County Farm Bureau v. City of Hanford (1990) 221 Cal.App.3d 692 [270 Cal.Rptr. 650]). Accordingly, for this project, in adopting the findings concerning project alternatives, the City Council considers only those environmental impacts that, for the finally approved project, are significant and cannot be avoided or substantially lessened through mitigation. If project alternatives are feasible, the decision makers must adopt a Statement of Overriding Considerations with regard to the project. If there is a feasible alternative to the project, the decision makers. must decide whether it is environmentally superior to the project. Proposed project alternatives considered must be ones that "could feasibly attain the basic objectives of the project." However, the CEQA Guidelines also require an EIR to examine alternatives "capable of eliminating" environmental effects even if these alternatives "would impede to some degree the attainment of the project objectives" (CEOA Guidelines, section 15126). Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 82 The City has properly considered and reasonably rejected project alternatives as "infeasible" pursuant to CEOA. CEOA provides the following definition of the term "feasible" as it applies to the findings requirement: ''feasible means capable of being accomplished in a successful manner within a reasonable period of time, taking into account economic, environmental, social, and technological factors" (Pub. Resources Code, section 21061.1). The CEOA Guidelines provide a broader definition of ''feasibility'' that also encompasses "legal" factors. CEOA Guidelines section 15364 states, ''the lack of legal powers of an agency to use in imposing an alternative or mitigation measure may be as great a limitation as any economic, environmental, social, or technological factor" (see also Citizens of Goleta Valley v. Board of Supervisors (1990) 52 Cal.3d 553, 565 [276 Cal.RptrA1 0]). ~, Accordingly, ''feasibility'' is a term of art under CEOA and thus may not be afforded a different meaning as may be provided by Webster's dictionary or any other sources. Moreover, Public Resources Code section 21081 governs the ''findings'' requirement under CEOA with regard to the feasibility of alternatives. Specifically, no public agency shall approve or carry out a project for which an environmental impact report has been certified which identifies one or more significant effects on the environment that would occur if the project is approved or carried out unless the public agency makes one or more of the following findings: "Changes or alternations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect as identified in the final EIR" (CEOA - Guidelines, section 15091, subd. (a)(1)). "Such changes or alterations are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another publiC agency and not the agency making the finding. Such changes have been adopted by such other agency or can and should be adopted by such other agency" (CEOA Guidelines, section 15091, subd. (a)(3)). "Specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations, including provisions of employment opportunities for highly trained workers, make infeasible the mitigation measures or project alternatives identified in the final EIR" (CEOA Guidelines, section 15091, subd. (a)(3)). The concept of ''feasibility'' also encompasses the question of whether a particular alternative or mitigation measure promotes the underlying goals and objectives of a project (City of Del Mar v. City of San Diego (1982) 133 Cal.App.3d 410, 417 [183 Cal. Rptr. 898]). "'[F]easibility' under CEQA encompasses 'desirability' to the extent that desirability is based on a reasonable balancing of the relevant economic, environmental, social, and technological factors" (Ibid.; see also Sequoyah Hills Homeowners Assn. v. City of Oakland (1993) 23 Cal.AppAth 704,715 [29 Cal. Rptr .2d 182]). These findings contrast and compare the alternatives where appropriate in order to demonstrate that the selection of the finally approved project, while still resulting in significant environmental impacts, has substantial environmental, planning, fiscal, and other benefits. In rejecting certain - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 83 alternatives, the decision makers have examined the finally approved project objectives and weighed the ability of the various alternative to meet objectives. The decision makers believe that the project best meets the finally approved project objectives with the least environmental impact. The detailed discussion in Section IX and Section X demonstrates that all but seven significant environmental effects of the project have been either substantially lessened or avoided through the imposition of existing policies or regulations or by the adoption of additional, formal mitigation measures recommended in the EIA. The remaining unmitigated impacts are the following: . Land Use (cumulative - conversion of the site from undeveloped to intensive urban uses) ; · Landform Alterations/Aesthetics (direct and cumulative - change in visual character of the site); . Biological Resources (cumulative -loss of raptor foraging habitat) . Cultural Resources (cumulative - depletion of the archaeological record) . Agricultural Resources (cumulative - loss of agricultural lands); . Air Quality (cumulative - operation-related emissions) . Public Services and Utilities: Water Supply (cumulative - absence of sufficient water supply to serve the project) The GDP Program EIR (EIR #90-01) also identified significant and not mitigated impacts for land use, agricultural resources, air quality, landform alterations/aesthetics, and biological resources. The SPA Plan project would contribute to the significant, unmitigated impacts identified above and by the GDP Program EIA. A Statement of Overriding Considerations was previously adopted by City Council for the GDP Program EIR, from which the SPA Plan EIR tiers. Thus, the City can fully satisfy its CEQA obligations by determining whether any alternatives identified in the EIR are both feasible and environmentally superior with respect to the impacts listed above (Laurel Hills, supra, 83 Cal.App.3d at 519-527 [147 Cal. Rptr842]; Kings County Farm Bureau v. City of Hanford (1990) 221 Cal.App.3d 692, 730-731 [270 Cal. Rptr. 650]; and Laurel Heights Improvement Association v. Regents of the University of California (1988) 47 Cal.3d 376, 400-403 [253 Cal. Rptr. 426]). Table 10-9 in the EIR (EIR, Chapter 10, pages 10-30 through 10-36) provides a summary table comparing each of the alternatives. As the following Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 84 discussion will show, no identified alternative qualifies as both feasible and environmentally superior with respect to the unmitigated impacts. -, To fully account for these unavoidable significant effects and the extent to which particular alternatives might or might not be environmentally superior with respect to them, these findings will not focus solely on the impacts listed above, but may also address the environmental merits of the alternatives with respect to all broad categories of impacts - even though such a far- ranging discussion is not required by CEQA. The findings will also assess whether each alternative is feasible in light of the City's objectives for the project. The City's review of project alternatives is guided primarily by the need to reduce potential impacts associated with the project, while still achieving the basic objectives of the project. Here, the City's primary objective is to comprehensively plan, coordinate, and implement development over a large area. More specific objectives include those previously listed in Section III. The City evaluated four alternatives to the proposed project, which are discussed below (No Project/No Development Alternative, Reduced Development Alternative A, Reduced Development Alternative 8, and Reduced Development Alternative C). No Project/No Development Alternative Section 15126, subdivision(e), of the CEQA Guidelines requires the evaluation of the "No Projecf' alternative. Such an alternative "shall discuss the existing conditions, as well as what would be reasonably expected to occur in the foreseeable future if the project were not -, approved, based on current plans and consistent with available infrastructure and community services." Under the "No Project/No Development" alternative, the SPA Plan project site would remain as it is today, and no development would occur. The project site would remain as undeveloped, agricultural land with residential development to the north and planned future urban development to the west, east and south. The proposed SPA Plan project is consistent with the Otay Ranch GDP. The No Project/No Development alternative would not aI/ow for the development of the SPA Plan as identified in the Otay Ranch GDP. With respect to the unmitigated impacts discussed in Section 5.0 of the EIR, the No Project/No Development alternative would not result in direct impacts to landform alteration, biological resources, cultural resources, geological resources, paleontological resources, traffic and circulation, air quality, utilities and public services, and hazards/risk of upset. Cumulative impacts to landform and aesthetics, biological resources, agricultural resources, transportation and access, and public utilities. However, impacts to land use would occur because the project would not implement the City's General Plan, MSCP Subarea Plan or the Otay Ranch GDP, and would not provide housing opportunities within the City, With the No Project/No Development alternative, the site would not be permanently removed from future development, since applicable plans for the site identify its development. - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 85 Although the No ProjecVNo Development alternative is considered environmentally preferable to the proposed project because it would eliminate many direct and cumulative impacts, it would not accomplish several of the goals and objectives of the proposed project and is therefore not feasible. Additionally, this alternative would result in land use conflicts because it would not allow for implementation of the Otay Ranch GDP for Villages Two, Three, and a portion of Four. Findinas: The No ProjecVNo Development alternative would not meet any of the basic project objectives as listed in Section 3.3, Project Objectives, of the EIR, and in Section III of these Findings of Fact. The No ProjecVNo Development alternative would not provide housing, conflicting with the housing goals of the General Plan, which recommends that housing be provided for all income groups. Retention of the project site in its existing state as primarily agricultural fields would be inconsistent with the approved General Plan and existing Otay Ranch GDP land use designations for the site. In addition, key subregional traffic routes established in the Circulation Element would not be implemented. Retention of the site in its current vacant condition would not implement the goals of the General Plan and would require re-evaluation of the existing GDP. The project proposes to provide regional-serving public facilities designated in the community plan, including Circulation Element roads, parks, open space, water and sewer facilities, and other infrastructure. These facilities would be needed to support surrounding developments whether the project is implemented or not. The No ProjecVNo Development alternative would require that these facilities be provided without the benefit of the dedications and financial participation from private development, which may delay or preclude facilities from being provided. The reduction in dwelling units would result in a loss of anticipated contributions into the Public Facilities Financing Plan (PFFP) from the dwelling units/structures that would otherwise have made payments upon issuance of building permits. The loss of units under the No ProjecVNo Development alternative would result in a shortfall of contributions into the PFFP and potentially lead to insufficient funding for the remaining public facilities currently identified in the PFFP for construction in this area. The City and County would receive lower long-term revenues in the form of property and sales tax resulting from the non-development of the proposed residential areas. Implementation of the No ProjecVNo Development Alternative would not achieve any of the objectives established for the project. Although this alternative would at least temporarily preserve land which is currently not developed, agricultural land and other natural features on the project site, it would amount to a failure to plan the site for eventual development, despite the planned community designation contemplated by the General Plan GDP. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 86 The No Project/No Development Alternative is inconsistent with the City's objectives: to plan the - project area in a comprehensive manner in a way that deals with the logical extension of public services and utilities; to plan for parks and open space to serve residents; to complete the City's circulation; and to create densities sufficient to pay for all required services and infrastructure. The alternative also fails to meet objectives favoring an accommodation of future projected population in an area reasonable close to future job-growth areas within the City, as well as the construction of affordable housing consistent with the City's goals. For these reasons, the City Council concludes that the No Project/No Development Alternative is not feasible (see City of Del Mar, supra, 133 Ca\.App3d at 417; Sequoyah Hills, supra, 23 Cal.AppAth at 715). Reduced Development Alternative A The Reduced Development Alternative A designates the proposed SPA Plan area for low~ medium residential at three to six dwelling units per acre, distributed around a Village Core, which includes higher density single- and multi-family residential use, an elementary school site, a community park site, a mixed-use site, two neighborhood park sites, and research and limited industrial uses. The detail of this land use is provided in Table 10-2 and the layout is provided in Figure 1 0-1 of the EI R. Impact The Reduced Development Alternative A would reduce the available housing within the SPA Plan area by approximately 37 percent relative to the proposed project. The reduction in available housing within the project area would reduce the ability of the City to meet the SANDAG-projected need for an additional 20,823 dwelling units by 2010. The lack of housing concurrent with need as shown in SANDAG forecasts and in the Growth Management Plan would result in a potentially significant impact. -" As a result of the development the Reduced Development Alternative A of the Village Three portion of the project, significant impacts to CA-SDI-12,291b, as identified in Section 5.4 of the EIR, would be avoided. Therefore, as a result of completion of the Reduced Development Alternative A, no significant impact will result to ~ultural resources. The direct impacts to sensitive biological resources under the Reduced Development Alternative A would be greater than the proposed project's. The current development footprint pursuant to the adopted Subarea Plan permits an impact to 0.98 acre of Otay tarplant, a narrow endemic species, containing 25,000 tarplants. Under the proposed project, the project Boundary Adjustment conserves the estimated 25,000 Otay tarplants that would be otherwise impacted without the Boundary Adjustment. The development under this alternative would result in higher predestination flows to the Poggi Canyon basin from the Village Two Northwest subbasin. An additional detention basin would be required for peak flow from the Village Two West area. The development of Reduced - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 87 Development Alternative A would control the rate of on-site, post-development peak storm water runoff discharges. The Reduced Development Alternative A proposes significant grading modifications as compared to the proposed project. A portion of Wolf Canyon which is located in the MSCP preserve would not be filled in from development of this alternative. As such, there would be a measurable reduction in the volume or quality of the runoff from the site. The traffic analysis conducted for this project indicated that the cumulative traffic effects of the Reduced Development Alternative A would not impact any intersections in the study area. It would, however, adversely affect eight roadway segments in the vicinity of the project. In addition, under the Reduced Development Alternative A, the eight segments of 1-805 are calculated to deteriorate to LOS E or LOS F (The remaining segments are calculated to operate at LOS D or better.), as discussed in Section 10.2, page 10-8 of the EIR. Air quality impacts associated with vehicular trips would be reduced under the Reduced Development Alternative A. Short-term air quality impacts associated with construction would be slightly reduced because the area and extent of grading would be reduced because development under this alternative would not extend into a part of Wolf Canyon. There could be a slight decrease in overall long-term air quality impacts associated with power generation and the operation of on-site commercial facilities due to the reduced population. Overall, the reduction in air quality impacts would be minor and the cumulative impact would remain significant and unavoidable. As with the proposed project, the Reduced Development Alternative A would increase the number of elementary, middle, and high school students beyond the existing demand and would have a significant impact on the existing schools. It does, however, have fewer students than is represented by the proposed project. Implementation of the Reduced Development Alternative A would result in increased demand on existing library services, including a need for approximately 2,624 square feet of library facilities based on the expected project population of people of 5,249. It does, however, result in a reduction in the demand for library facilities. Findinqs: The Reduced Development Alternative A would reduce impacts to water quality, cultural resources, schools, libraries. However, significant impacts have been identified for land use, housing and population, traffic and air quality. While the alternative would implement some of the project objectives of the proposed project, the following objectives would not be met with this alternative: . Establ,ish a pedestrian and transit-oriented village with an intense urban core to reduce reliance on the automobile and promote walking and the use of bicycles, buses, and regional transit. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 88 - . Implement the goals, objectives, and policies of the adopted Chula Vista General Plan, and particularly, the Otay Ranch GDP, the Otay Ranch Phase 1 and Phase 2 RMP, the Otay Ranch Facility Implementation Plan, the Otay Ranch Village Phasing Plan, and the Otay Ranch Service/Revenue Plan. . Wisely manage limited natural resources. The Reduced Development Alternative A results in a much less intense development than is the proposed project. The proposed project includes a total of 2786 residential units while this alternative 1791 units. As stated on Page 10-4 of the draft EIR, this alternative was designed with medium and medium-high density residential areas, rather than the more intense development of the proposed project. It also does not place as much residential use in the Village core area. It therefore limits the objective of reducing reliance on the automobile and promotion of a walkable community. In addition, the Reduced Development Alternative A does not place fill in the finger canyon that extends north of the mouth of Wolf Canyon. This area is currently being considered to be removed from the Preserve as part of the proposed Boundary Adjustment. By not filling this area it would not result in the net benefit to conservation of Covered Species and habitats as described on page 10-7 of the EIR. Therefore, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. -, Reduced Alternative 8 The Reduced Development Alternative B designates Village Two as a ''transit village" served by the future extension of the Bus Rapid Transit, which integrates SANDAG's adopted Transit First! Strategy into the Otay Ranch and locates a station within Village Two. The station location in Village Two would serve as a vital stop for travel to other Otay Ranch and regional destinations. The detail of this alternative is provided in Table 10-4 and illustrated in Figure 10-2, of the EIR. Impact Development under the Reduced Development Alternative B would reduce the amount of housing available within the SPA Plan area by approximately 10 percent fewer units relative to the proposed project. This would reduce the ability of the City of Chula Vista to meet the projected need for an additional 20,823 dwelling units by 2010. The lack of housing concurrent with needs as shown in SANDAG forecasts and in the Growth Management Plan would result in a potentially significant impact. As with Reduced Development Alternative A, the direct impacts to sensitive biological resources under the Reduced Development Alternative B would be greater than the proposed project's. The current development footprint pursuant to the adopted Subarea Plan permits an impact to 0.98 acre of Otay tarplant, a narrow endemic species, containing 25,000 tarplants. Under the proposed project, the project Boundary Adjustment conserves the estimated 25,000 Otay tarplants that would be otherwise impacted without the Boundary Adjustment. ~, Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 89 As a result of the development the Reduced Development Alternative B of the Village Three portion of the project, significant impacts to CA-SDI-12,291 b, as identified in Section 5.4 of the EIR, would be avoided. Therefore, as for Reduced Development Alternative A, no significant impact will result to cultural resources as a result of implementing this alternative. As with the proposed project, Reduced Development Alternative B would increase the number of elementary, middle, and high school students beyond the existing demand and would have a significant impact on the existing schools. It does, however, have fewer students than is represented by the proposed project. Implementation of the Reduced Development Alternative B would result in increased demand on existing library services, including a need for approximately 3,810 square feet of library facilities based on the expected project population of people of 7,620. It does, however, result in a reduction in the demand for library facilities. FindinQs: The Reduced Development Alternative B would reduce impacts to water quality, cultural resources, schools, libraries. However, significant impacts have been identified for land use, housing and population, traffic and air quality. While the alternative would implement some of the project objectives of the proposed project, the following objectives would not be met with this alternative: . Establish a pedestrian and transit-oriented village with an intense urban core to reduce reliance on the automobile and promote walking and the use of bicycles, buses, and regional transit. . Implement the goals, objectives, and policies of the adopted Chula Vista General Plan, and particularly, the Otay Ranch GDP, the Otay Ranch Phase 1 and Phase 2 RMP, the Otay Ranch Facility Implementation Plan, the Otay Ranch Village Phasing Plan, and the Otay Ranch Service/Revenue Plan. The Reduced Development Alternative A results -in a much less intense development than is the proposed project. The proposed project includes a total of 2786 residential units while this alternative 1791 units. As stated on Page 10-4 of the draft EIR, this alternative was designed with medium and medium-high density residential areas, rather than the more intense development of the proposed project. It also does not place as much residential use in the Village core area. It therefore limits the objective of reducing reliance on the automobile and promotion of a walkable community. In addition, the Reduced Development Alternative A does not place fill in the finger canyon that extends north of the mouth of Wolf Canyon. This area is currently being considered to be removed from the Preserve as part of the proposed Boundary Adjustment. By not filling this area it would not result in the net benefit to conservation of Covered Species and habitats as described on page 10-7 of the EtA. Therefore, pursuant to Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 90 section 15091 (a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. - The Reduced Development Alternative B includes 1,801 multi-family units, no mixed-use units and 709 single-family units. The proposed project includes 1,740 multi-family units, 60 mixed- use residential units and 986 single-family units. The Reduced Development Alternative B result~ in a less intense development than is the proposed project. This alternative was designed with less multi family residential use in the Village Core area. As indicated on page 10-12 of the EI R, while this alternative It therefore limits the objective of reducing reliance on the automobile and promotion of a walkable community. In addition, the Reduced Development Alternative B does not place fill in the finger canyon that extends north of the mouth of Wolf Canyon. This area is currently being considered to be removed from the Preserve as part of the proposed Boundary Adjustment. By not filling this area it would not result in the net benefit to conservation of Covered Species and habitats as described on page 10-12 of the EIR. Therefore, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. Reduced Alternative C The land- uses for the Reduced Development Alternative C include approximately 2,393 residential units, of which 1,130 units are single-family and 1,263 units are multi-family and approximately 255.1 acres of industrial development (including 70.8 within the landfill buffer), and the remaining acres would be developed with non-residential uses. The Industrial uses proposed within the landfill buffer are consistent with the adopted G DP. Figure 10-3 shows the land use plan for the Reduced Development Alternative C. Table 10-6 presents a tabulation of the proposed uses for the SPA Plan for this Alternative. There would be no development within Wolf Canyon under this alternative. -, Impact The Reduced Development Alternative C would reduce the amount of housing available within the SPA Plan area by approximately 18.4 percent. This would reduce the ability of the City of Chula Vista to meet the projected need for an additional 20,823 dwelling units by 2010. The Reduced Development Alternative C would not be in conformance with those policies as outlined in SANDAG's Growth Management Plan. The lack of housing concurrent with needs as shown in SANDAG forecasts and in the Growth Management Plan would result in a potentially significant impact. As with Reduced Development Alternatives A and S, the direct impacts to sensitive biological resources under the Reduced Development Alternative C would be greater than the proposed project's. The current development footprint pursuant to the adopted Subarea Plan permits an - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 91 impact to 0.98 acre of Otay tarplant, a narrow endemic species, containing 25,000 tarplants. Under the proposed project, the project Boundary Adjustment conserves the estimated 25,000 Otay tarplants that would be otherwise impacted without the Boundary Adjustment. As a result of the development the Reduced Development Alternative B of the Village Three portion of the project, significant impacts to CA-SDI-12,291 b, as identified in Section 5.4 of the EIR, would be avoided. Therefore, as for Reduced Development Alternative A, no significant impact will result to cultural resources as a result of implementing this alternative. As with the proposed project, Reduced Development Alternative C would increase the number of elementary, middle, and high school students beyond the existing demand and would have a significant impact on the existing schools. It does, however, have fewer students than is represented by the proposed project. Implementation of the Reduced Development Alternative C would result in increased demand on existing library services, including a need for approximately 3,590 square feet of library facilities based on the expected project population of people of 7,179. It does, however, result in a reduction in the demand for library facilities. FindinQs: The Reduced Development Alternative C would reduce impacts to water quality, cultural resources, schools, libraries. However, significant impacts have been identified for land use, housing and population, traffic and air quality. While the alternative would implement some of the project objectives of the proposed project, the following objectives would not be met with this alternative: · Establish a pedestrian and transit-oriented village with an intense urban core to reduce reliance on the automobile and promote walking and the use of bicycles, buses, and regional transit. · Implement the goals, objectives, and policies of the adopted Chula Vista General Plan, and particularly, the Otay Ranch GDP, the Otay Ranch Phase 1 and Phase 2 RMP, the Otay Ranch Facility Implementation Plan, the Otay Ranch Village Phasing Plan, and the Otay Ranch Service/Revenue Plan. · Establish a land use and facility plan that assures the viability of the SPA Plan area in consideration of existing and anticipated economic conditions. . Wisely manage limited natural resources. The proposed project includes 1,740 multi-family units, 60 mixed-use residential units and 986 single-family units. The Reduced Development Alternative C includes 1,130 multi-family units, no mixed-use units and 1263 single-family units. This alternative results in a less intense Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 92 development than is the proposed project. This alternative was designed with less multi family residential use in the Village Core area. It therefore limits the objective of reducing reliance on the automobile and promotion of a walkable community. In addition, the Reduced Development Alternative C does not place fill in the finger canyon that extends north of the mouth of Wolf Canyon. This area is currently being considered to be removed from the Preserve as part of the proposed Boundary Adjustment. By not filling this area it would not result in the net benefit to conservation of Covered Species and habitats as described on page 10-24 of the EI R. Therefore, pursuant to section 15091 (a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. ........... Environmentally Superior Alternative CEQA requires that an EIR identify the environmentally superior alternative among all of the alternatives considered, including the proposed project. If the No Project/No Development alternative is selected as environmentally superior, then the EIR also shall identify an environmentally superior alternative among the other alternatives. The environmental analysis of project alternatives presented in the EIR indicates, through a comparison of potential impacts from each of the proposed alternative and the proposed project, that the No Project/No Development alternative, if left in its current state, could be considered environmentally superior because no new uses would be introduced to the area and the project site would not result in environmental impacts. However, the No Project/No Development alternative would not implement the City's General Plan, the Otay Ranch GDP, or the RMP, which are primary project objectives. The No Project/No Development alternative would not accomplish any of the objectives of the project. -, The Reduced Project Alternative A could be considered the environmentally superior project because it would reduce impacts associated with land use, visual quality/landform alteration, cultural resources, traffic, air quality, noise, utilities and services, and water quality while implementing some of the project objectives. The project objectives are enumerated in Section 3.3 of the EI R. ~ Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 93 XII. STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE PROPOSED VILLAGES TWO. THREE, AND A PORTION OF FOUR SECTIONAL PLANNING AREA PLAN AND TENTATIVE MAPS EIR The project would have significant, unavoidable impacts on the following areas, described in detail in Section IX of these Findings of Fact: . Land Use . Landform Alterations/Aesthetics . Biological Resources . Agricultural Resources . Transportation . Air Quality . Water supply The City has adopted all feasible mitigation measures with respect to these impacts. Although in some instances these mitigation measures may substantially lessen these significant impacts, adoption of the measures will, for many impacts, not fully avoid the impacts. Moreover, the City has examined a reasonable range of alternatives to the project. Based on this examination, the City has determined that none of the alternatives: (1) meets project objectives, and (2) is environmentally preferable to the proposed project. As a result, to approve the project, the City must adopt a "statement of overriding considerations" pursuant to CEQA Guidelines sections 15043 and 15093. This provision allows a lead agency to cite a project's general economic, social, or other benefits as a justification for choosing to allow the occurrence of specified significant environmental effects that have not been avoided. The provision explains why, in the agency's judgment, the project's benefits outweigh the unavoidable significant effects. Where another substantive law (e.g., the California Clean Air Act, the Federal Clean Air Act, or the California and Federal Endangered Species Acts) prohibits the lead agency from taking certain actions with environmental impacts, a statement of overriding considerations does not relieve the lead agency from such prohibitions. Rather, the decision-maker has recommended mitigation measures based on the analysis contained in the Final EIR, recognizing that other resource agencies have the ability to impose more stringent standards or measures. Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 94 CEOA does not require lead agencies to analyze "beneficial impacts" in an EIR. Rather, EIRs are to focus on potential "significant effects on the environment," defined to be "adverse." (Pub. Resources Code Section 21068.) The Legislature amended the definition to focus on "adverse" impacts after the California Supreme Court had held that beneficial impacts must also be addressed. (See, Wildlife Alive v. Chickering (1976) 18 Cal.3d 190, 206 [132 Cal.Rptr. 377].) Nevertheless, decision-makers benefit from information about project benefits. These benefits can be cited, if necessary, in a statement of overriding considerations. (CEOA Guidelines Section 15093.) - The City finds that the proposed project would have the following substantial, social, environmental and economic benefits. Anyone of the reasons for approval cited below is sufficient to justify approval of the project. Thus, even if a court were to conclude that not every reason is supported by substantial evidence, the City Council would stand by its determination that each individual reason is sufficient. The substantial evidence supporting the various benefits can be found in the preceding findings, which are incorporated by reference into this Section, and in the documents found in the Record of Proceedings, as defined in Section IV. Environmental Protection and Preservation The SPA Plan will adjust the boundary of the MSCP Subarea Preserve to include a large portion of Wolf Canyon. As identified on Page 10-7 of the EIR, there is net benefit to conservation of Covered Species and habitats as described on page 10-7 of the EIR. -- The SPA Plan will convey 1.188 acres of land to the open space preserve for each acre of development area, or pay a fee in lieu. The RMP has established performance standards for achieving an 11 ,375-acre Otay Ranch open space preserve. Compliance relies on progressive acquisition, or funding for acquisition, of the designated Otay Ranch Preserve areas with each development approval. The preserve includes an open space system that incorporates public education programs, links community to natural areas, and preserves and restores sensitive habitats, special landforms, and wildlife corridors. In addition, a system of paths and trails will connect the urban villages and their parks, forming a passive and active recreation network throughout the area. The RMP adopted by the Chula Vista City Council has the following functions. · Serves as a plan-wide multi-species/habitat and cultural resources management program; · Provides the funding, phasing, and ownership mechanisms necessary to effectively protect and manage on-site resources over the long term; · Plans for coordinated, controlled public use and enjoyment of the Management Preserve established as part of the RMP consistent with protection of sensitive resources; · Provides certainty that the open space will be preserved in perpetuity by requiring irrevocable dedications of open space acreage; and .........., Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 95 . Preserves/protects cultural resources. The RMP provides for management, resource enhancement and restoration, research, education, and interpretive activities to ensure that resource values in areas to be preserved are maintained and enhanced in perpetuity. The RMP also addresses cultural, paleontological, recreational, and agricultural resource protection needs in addition to sensitive habitats. Finally, the RMP provides an opportunity to establish large blocks of interconnected natural open space. By linking the Otay Ranch Preserve system to large and adjacent publicly owned open space lands with resource values similar to those found on the Otay Ranch property, the RMP contributes to the creation of an overall regional open space system, providing more than 35,000 acres of interconnected open space in Otay Ranch and the immediate vicinity. The RMP identifies the preservation of sensitive habitats that contain approximately 100 species of sensitive plants and animals. Community Planning and Development The Otay Ranch area contributes to air pollution in the San Diego air basin. Most of this pollution is attributable to motor vehicles. The proposed SPA Plan and the Village concept of the Otay Ranch GDP are designed to minimize automobile trip length and thereby reduce pollutant contributions to regional air quality that would otherwise result if jobs and housing were provided for in a typical suburban development pattern. Otay Ranch's location adjacent to the Otay Mesa industrial area will provide housing proximate to this employment center. A mixed-use development, the GDP will promote linkage of trips, reduce trip length, and encourage use of alternative modes of transportation such as biking, walking and use of transit. The project is part of the GDP that creates a multi-modal transportation network that minimizes the number and length of single-passenger vehicle trips. Jt is designed to encourage walking, biking, use of transit and reduced reliance on automobiles, the GDP clusters high-density, high-intensity development in villages near transit and light rail terminals. Jobs, homes, schools, parks, and commercial centers are close by and linked by pedestrian and bicycle routes. Comprehensive Regional Planning The GDP and the SPA Plan project provide the opportunity to comprehensively plan development that meets the region's needs for housing, jobs, infrastructure, and environmental preservation. These benefits area made possible by Otay Ranch's size and scope. The Otay Ranch GDP includes a provision for regional purpose facilities and public services that area typically not undertaken for smaller development projects. The regional planning process undertaken for the GDP involved long-range inter-jurisdictional coordination, ensuring maximum achievement of policies and regulations of both the City of Chula Vista and San Diego County. The benefits offered by the regional planning process utilized for the GDP and the SPA Plan include the following: Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 96 · Comprehensive consideration of the GDP cumulative effects; ,,,.."Ih · Consistency in the approach to resolving regional issues such as transportation, air quality, habitat preservation, infrastructure, and public services planning; and · Long-range coordination of local and regional public facilities. The GDP includes a provision for designating land for regional public facilities. These facilities area provided by the County and are currently housed in County-owned facilities, where available, but are more commonly located in leased or rented space. Designation of land for regional purposes will facilitate the provision of these services and provide better opportunities for users of these facilities than is currently available with new development. The SPA Plan will develop a mix of uses that will result in an urban village once the entire Villages Two, Three, and a portion of Four area is developed. The project is consistent with and implements the vision for Villages Two, Three, and a portion of Four, as set forth in the Otay Ranch GDP. Housing Needs The GDP and SPA Plan/Composite TM will help meet a projected long-term regional need for housing by providing a wide variety of housing types and prices. In recent years, the cost of housing compared to other uses (e.g., commercial, industrial) has risen disproportionately to the cost of other uses in the Otay Ranch area, reflecting a shortfall in residentially zoned land. The GDP and the SPA Plan will help reduce the cost of housing by designating an adequate supply of suitable land for residential development. -, The SPA Plan increases the housing stock in the City by approximately 2,786 dwelling units. This proposed level of development is included in the adopted planning for the City. The project represents a future housing supply for the region. Phasing will occur in response to market conditions, which will help fulfill the demand for housing. SANDAG has forecasted a need for an additional approximately 20,823 additional dwelling units within the City of Chula Vista. The project will enact the SANDAG policies by providing a pedestrian and trail system, preserving open space, offering new homes, increasing the tax base for the City, and providing right-of-way for the regional transit system. The SPA Plan provides five percent low-income and five percent moderate-income housing. The proposed 10 percent affordable housing is consistent with the objectives of the City's Housing Element and the Otay Ranch GDP requirements. - Resolution No. 2006-154 Page 97 Fiscal Benefit The fiscal impact analysis conducted for the GDP and included in the Otay Ranch Service Revenue Plan concluded that, at buildout, the GDP will have a net positive impact on both the City of Chula Vista and the County of San Diego. Because it is anticipated that during buildout there will be short-term periods in which the costs to service Otay Ranch exceed revenues, the GDP includes a reserve fund program, which protects the City and County by correcting any operating deficiencies incurred by the affected jurisdiction during years where there is a fiscal shortfall. Financing of the reserve program and the cost of annual fiscal reviews will be the responsibility of the applicants. The project will provide for significant community-wide public facilities. As the plan is implemented, it will be responsible for constructing public facilities and infrastructure to serve the project and incidentally the subregion. These facilities include: · Improvements to regional backbone circulation system; · Water and sewer facilities; · An elementary school and a high school site to serve Villages Two, Three, and a portion of Four and the subregion; and · A public park and greenbelt and community trails. The project would also generate new temporary construction-related jobs that would enhance the economic base of the region. For these reasons, on balance, the City Council finds there are environmental, economic, social, and other considerations resulting from the project that serve to override and outweigh the project's unavoidable significant environmental effects and, thus, the adverse unavoidable effects are considered acceptable.