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Home My WebLink AboutRCC AGENDA PK 1998/05/18 - - negative declaration - PROJECT NAME: C02 Reduction Plan PROJECT LOCATION: Citywide ASSESSOR'S PARCEL NO.: Citywide PROJECT APPLICANT: City of Chula Vista CASE NO: IS-98-29 DATE: May 13, 1998 A. Proiect Settin~ The project setting is citywide. B. Project Description The project is the proposed City of Chula Vista C02 Reduction Plan. The City proposes the adoption of this policy document to address the growing worldwide concern with the emissions of carbon dioxide (C02) and its potential impacts to global warming trends. The C02 Reduction Plan provides for a specific goal, policies and action measures that are aimed at carbon dioxide emissions in a coordinated and cost-effective manner. The C02 Plan has as its primary goal to: Reduce Chula Vista's C02 emissions to 80% of 1990 levels by the year 2010. This would be the equivalent of reducing C02 emissions by 400,000 tons in the year 2010, compared to projected emission levels without any municipal action. In pursuit of this goal, the City proposes eight policies and nineteen action measures that will help guide the day to day municipal actions toward the stated goal. The eight proposed policies are as follows: 1. Include C02 emissions and global warming impacts as determinant in policy- making and program. administration related to the long-term sustainability of the -~.. community . 2. Meet the energy needs of the community with a portfolio of low carbon intensity resources, preferably local-based efficiency improvements and renewable resources. 3. Treat transportation as the highest priority C02 action area because of its high CO2 emissions, significant potential for savings, and major environmental and economic improvement opportunities. I ~{lt-. -.- r~-.:;....~_ ",-- - ~ --- - city of chula vista planning department 01Y OF environmental review ..ction. OiUlA VISD - - 4. Use land-use planning and development standards to shape a built environment that minimizes travel needs and maximizes access to non-auto travel modes. 5. Implement cost-effective energy efficiency in new and existing residential and non- residential buildings. 6. Exercise municipal leadership by implementing cost-effective energy efficiency in public facilities and services, including use of life-cycle energy economics as a selection criterion when purchasing energy-using devices and constructing municipal facilities. 7. Provide ongoing support for cooperative regional planning related to energy efficiency and global warming. 8. Monitor C02 reduction progress, and revise and updated the C02 plan at least every five years. The core of the C02 reduction action plan is the set of 19 measures recommended for implementation following plan adoption. The action measures are estimated to cause the reduction of C02 production by 100,000 tons per year by 2010. These measures are estimated to cost about $25 million in capital outlays, and another $5 million in annual operating and maintenance expenses over the next years until the year 2010. This total implementation cost of approximately $95 million is contrasted against a total savings estimate of $130 million by 2010. These savings are projected to include $16 million in reduced energy expenses; about $5 million in avoided C02 damage; and about $109 million in avoided auto/truck driving expenses (using a cost coefficient of.. 71 per mile). It is anticipated that both costs and savings will be shared by many stakeholders in the community, including municipal government, businesses, homeowners, and other regional organizations. Following are the nineteen action measures: I. Municipal clean fuel vehicle purchases. 2. Private fleet clean fuel vehicle purchases. 3. Municipal clean fuel demonstration projects. 4. Telecommuting and telecenters. - 5. Municipal building upgrades and employee trip reduction. -~ 6. Enhanced pedestrian connections to transit. 7. Increased housing density near transit. 8. Site design with transit orientation. 9. Increased land-use mix. 10. Site design with pedestrian/bicycle orientation. II. Bicycle integration with transit and employment. 12. Bicycle lanes, paths, and routes. 2 - - 13. Energy efficient landscaping. 14. Solar pool heating. 15. Traffic signal and system upgrades. 16. Student transit subsidy. 17. Greenstar building efficiency program. 18. Municipal life-cycle purchasing standards. 19. Increased employment density near transit. C. Compatibility with Zoning and Plans The adoption of the C02 Reduction Plan is consistent with the City's General Plan. When specific action measures are proposed for adoption, such as increased housing density near transit and increased land-use mix, consistency with the City's General Plan will need to be determined. D. Analysis The City of Chula Vista has already initiated several individual projects aimed at reducing C02 levels. These projects involve the purchase of alternative fuel vehicles, the installation of energy efficient lighting in municipal buildings, public awareness campaigns with regards to transportation and energy alternatives and the establishment of two telecenters aimed at reducing work trips by local employees. An important objective of this policy plan is to integrate these ongoing projects into the C02 reduction strategy and also to advance the momentum these efforts have provided with the full participation and support of the community (residents, business, schools etc.) and strong local political leadership. The policy plan also has reviewed numerous funding options that would be applied to implement the proposed action measures. Eight of the proposed action measures (enhanced pedestrian connections to transit, increased housing near transit, site design with transit orientation, increased land-use mix, site design with pedestrian/bicycle orientation, bicycle lanes, paths and routes, energy efficient landscaping and increased employment density near transit) can be classified as land use policy statements that can be incorporated into the general plan, specific plans, the zoning and subdivision ordinance, and site design review criteria. Overall, these eight . ~. measures would account for 49.29 % of the total C02 savings. Some of these measures such as bicycle lanes paths and routes have been implemented citywide. Other measures such as increased land-use mix and increasing housing near transit points have been implemented through adopted specific plans like the Otay Ranch Specific Development Plan. Measures that would result in increased housing densities and land-use mix citywide, would need to receive additional environmental review. 3 - _. It is anticipated, however, that the implementation of the C02 Reduction Plan would result in great benefits to the enviromnent. Initially, some of the action measures would result in general fiscal impacts to the participants as some of th e actions include the purchase of alternative clean fuel vehicles and traffic signal and system ùpgrades. After careful monitoring to evaluate clean fuel vehicle performance it is anticipated that the results would be clearly beneficial in terms of energy and C02 savings. E. Identification of Enviromnental Effects An Initial Study conducted by the City of Chula Vista (including an attached Enviromnental Checklist Form) determined that the proposed project will not have a significant enviromnental effect, and the preparation of an Enviromnental Impact Report will not be required. This Negative Declaration has been prepared in accordance with Section 15070 of the State CEQA Guidelines. F. Miti~ation Necessary to A void Si~nificant Effects No mitigation is necessary G. Consultation I. Individuals and Or~anizations City of Chula Vista: Doug Reid, Planning Barbara Reid, Planning Samir Nuhaily, Engineering Duane Bazzel, Planning Benjamin Guerrero, Planning Ken Larsen, Director of Building & Housing Rod Hastie, Fire Department Richard Preuss, Crime Prevention Joe Gamble, Parks & Recreation Dept. Peggy McCarberg, Acting Deputy City Attorney Chula Vista City School District: Dr. Lowell Billings - Sweetwater Union High School District: Katy Wright ~ Applicant's Agent: City of Chula Vista Planning Department 2. Documents Chula Vista General Plan (1989) and EIR (1989) Title 19, Chula Vista Municipal Code City of Chula Vista Proposed C02 Reduction Plan (M:lhomelplanninglkeithlnegdec.romans) Page4 - - 3. Initial Study This environmental determination is based on the attached Initial Study, any comments received on the Initial Study and any comments received during the public review period for this Negative Declaration. The report reflects the independent judgement of the City of Chula Vista. Further information regarding the environmental review of this project is available from the Chula Vista Planning Department, 276 Fourth Avenue, Chula Vista, CA 91910. . ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW COORDINATOR EN 6 (Rev. 5/93) - - j' (Mlhcmclplanninglkcithlnegdcc.romans) PageS 'I - - r Chula ~sta CO2 Reduction Pian r Appendix G REDUCTION MEASURE DEFINITIONS & CO2 SAVINGS ESTIMATES r This Appendix contains 168lJeneric CO2 reduction measures provided by the consultant and reviewed found r by the Task Fome ior suitability to Chula Vista. The Task Force eliminated 78 measures as not suitable. The remaining 90 measures met.suitability .criteria. Because 1he.scope of1heChuia Vista CO2 Project provided consultant and financial resources for further study of only 20 "top measures", the Task Force was r asked to refine the list to 20 action measures for initial implementation. The 70 remaining preferred measures are eligible for future consideration. The first half of this Appendix contains measure definitions, and the second half contains estimates of the measures' CO2 savings potential in 2010. f 1. TRANSPORTATION 1.1 Transoortation Control Measures r 1. Commuter travel reduction .program The commuter travel reduction program includes following program elements: a} I employment trip reduction program; b}ride sharing program; c) parking management program; d} telecommuting; e) compressed work week; f) employer transit subsidy; g} 1lexible work hours; and h} staggered work hours. The assumed implementation is Level 2 consistent with SANDAG's TCM plan. t 2. College 1ravel reduction program This measure has 'two components a travel reduction .plan and a student transit J pass subsidy. The assumed implementation is Level 1 consistent witt:! SANDAG's TCM plan. '3. Non-commuter travel reduction program This program encompasses the following actions: a) avoiding "cold starts;" b} in 2- car households, using the less polluting auto more frequently; c) driving during off- peak hours; and d} driving only when necessary on days with high pollution Levels. The assumed implementation is Level1aconsistent with SANDAG's TCM plan. 4. Transit improvements and expansion This measure consists of conversion of the current bus 1leet 10 low emission vehicles,1he -expansion of bus services using low emission vehides and expansion of 1rolley services. The assumed implementation is Level 1 consistent with SANDAG's TCM plan. 5. Vanpool'program This measure provides 7-15 passenger vehicles to employers "for use by employees in a ride share program. The assumed implementation is Level 1 consistent with SANDAG's TCM plan. 6. HighDCCUpa~vehicle(HOV) lanes HOV iacilities.are vehicle 1ravellanes reserved for the exclusive use of buses or carpools. The assumed implementation is Level 1 consistent with SANDAG's TCM plan.- '573\002 211 8/21/96 - - Appendix G 7. Park and ride facilities .Park.and ride facilities are automobile parking lots for1he use of commuters and other motorists. The assumed implementation is Level 1 consistent with SANDAG's TCM plan. I B. Bicycle .facilities Expansion 'Of bicycling include 1he construction of bikeways, secure parking and storage iacilities,bike racks or space on1ransit ând locker and shower facilities for cyclists. The assumed impiementationis Levef1 consistent with SANDAG's TCM plan. S. Pedestrian facilities Provide better pedestrian facilities. The assumed implementation is Level 1 consistent with SANDAG's TCM.plan. , ; , 1.2 Clean Fuel ConversionlPurchase 10. Compressed natural gas (CNG) vehicles Convert existing vehicles 10 CNG and buy CNG vehicles. 11. Electric vehicles Buy electric vehicles. 12. Other Alternative Fuel Vehicles Convert or purchase hydrogen vehicles 1.3 'HicihEfficiencv Vehicle 'Purchase ~ 13. Fuel efficient gasoline/diesel vehicles " Buy and use fuel efficient gasoline and diesel vehicles 1hat have the highest CAFE ratings. I 1.4 "Maintenance·lmDrovements I- 14. Increased maintenance . Achieve better fuel efficiency through increased maintenance. t 2. LAND USE I 2.1 Use Mix 15. Increasing multi-family residential mix I , Increasing the ratio of multi-family dwellings to single-family dwellings. 16. Increasing mix.of residential and :omplementary uses I Increasing 1he ratio of residential JJses 10 complementary nonresidential uses such .as shopping, day care, and entertainment 1 1 ! 573\IXI2 212 .8121/96 ¡ ¡ II - - I Appendix G - 2.2 - Housina Orientation 17. Solar Orientation II Land development design 'that orients land parcels ior solar use. .2.3 HousinQ Density · 18. Increasing housing density near transit Increasing housing density near transit services and facilities. I 19. Increasing housing density near employment Increasing housing density near employment centers. I 20. Increasing housing density near shopping Increasing housing density near major shopping districts. 2..4 Emplovment Density · 21. Increasing employment density near1ransit Increasing employment density near transit services ând facilities. J 2.2.. Increasing employment density near shopping Increasing employment density near major shopping districts. · 2..5 Circulation Coordination 23. Pedestrian oriented design · Increased pedestrian orientation of uses. 24. Integrated street 'networks · High connectivity in street patte ms and intermodallinkages. 25. Appropriate parking facilities Management of parking to minimize induced auto dependence. · 3. RESIDENTIAL · 3.1 Residential - New Construction 3.1.1 Space heating , 26. Solar orientation Orienting the house for passive solar design and active solar use. - 27. No electric heating Electric heating prohibition shifts heating load to less carbon intensive natural gas. · 28. .Pulse technology gas 1urnace. A gas firediumace operating at 92% efficiency. · ." Q -573aI2 213 8121/96 ;. - - t. Appendix G V' . 3.1.2 Space cooling t': 29. Heat pump with a seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER) 121ë1ting Split system efficient heat pumps with a heating seasonal performance factor (HSPF) of 8.0 and SEER of 12.0 versus units rated at 6.8 HSPF and 9.9 SEER (the t. ~ base numbers are from 1992 residential energy standards) are assumed for this measure. 3D. Vegetative ~ooling Shade trees on south and west side of homes. 31. Light colored roof The color and material of a building structure determine the amount of solar radiation absorbed. A roof absorptivity of 0.3 versus â baseline assumption of 0.8 " is assumed for this measure. \ 32. L.ight TOOf Bnd wall The color and material of a building structure determine the amount of solar radiation .absorbed. A TOof and wall absorptivity of 0.3 versus a baseline assumption of 0.8 isBSsumed for this measure. 33. ·Indirectldirect evaporative cooling (IDEC) IDEC systems precool outdoor air without adding moisture beýore the direct stage using an evaporative heat exchanger. 34. High efficiency ceiling fans Increasing convective heat transfer coefficient allows increasing cooling setpoint temperature while still maintaining comfort Energy impacts are measured by allowing 1he cooling setpointto increase by z¡ F. 3.1.3 Domestic Hot Water (DHW) 35. Pilotless Instant DHW Standby costs of gas water heater is typically 30-50% of total water heater gas use (Davis Energy Group 1991). A pilotless instant DHW cuts this loss. 36. Solar assisted DHW Using active solar panels with storage tanks with electric heater as. backup. 3.1.4 Appliances 37. Induction stovetop This measure saves energy 1hrough the use of electromagnetic technology. The induction stovetop uses a high irequency, electronically controlled electromagnet to produce heat in ferromagnetic cookware. Energy is saved because of the reduction in radiant heat losses. 38. Golden -carrot refrigerator Golden carrot refrigerators incorporate improved compressors, heat exchange cycles, heat exchangers, gaskets, refrigerants, defrost cycles, and insulation. 39. Advanced 'freezer Advanced freezers have higher insulation levels and high efficiency compressors. S73\DQ2 214 8/21/96 II ,- - - Appendix G I h 40. Low water and energy use dishwasher Dishwashers consuming 1.5 KWH/cycle as opposed to 2.17 KWH/cycle. ~ 41. Horizontal axis clothes washer Horizontal-axis clothes washer uses less detergent, less water, less energy, and has less moving parts. ~ 42. Heat pump clothes dryer Heat pump clo1l1es dryer extracts low grade heatirom the air, upgrades it and then is injected into the clothes dryer. - ~, 3.1.5 Pools :and spas ~ 43. Solar assisted spa water heating Using active solar panels to heat spa water with electric heaters as backup. 44. Solar Bssistedpool water heating ~ Using active solar panels to heat pool water with electric heaters as backup. 45. Premium efficiency spa pump q T wospeed spa pump consists of a small motor that can run at two speeds. During low usage the spa pump can be run at low speed. 46. Premium efficiency pool pump ~ Two speed pool pump consists of a small motor that can run at two speeds. During low usage the pool pump can be run at low speed. ~ 3.1.6 Lighting 47. Fluorescent halogen 0.8 kW ~ Using TB or energy saver fluorescent lamps instead of standard fluorescent lamps. 3.2 ResidentiaJ-Retrofit , 3.2.1 Space 'heating 48. 'No electric heating ~ Electric heating prohibition shifts heating load 10 less carbon intensive natural gas.. , -49. Pulse technology gas furnace. A gas fired furnace operating at 92% efficiency ~ 50. Wall .insulation Residential wall insulation is increased from R-O to R-11. ~ 51. Ceiling insulation Ceiling insulation is increasedirom R-1110R-19. ~ "52- Double pane windows Using double pane windows in place of single pane windows. ~ ~ 573IIXI2 215 8/21/96 - - I Appendix G I 3.2.2 Space cooling ;.; r " 53. Heat pump with a seasonal energy efficiency ndio (SEER) 12 rating Split system efficient heat 'Pumps with a tiSPF of B.O .and SEER of 12.0 versus units rated at 6.8 HSPF and 9.9 SEER (the base numbers are from 1992 residential " energy standards) are assumed for this measure. 54. Vegetative cooling Shade trees on.south and west side of homes. 55. Light roof '! The color and material of a building struCture detennine the amount of solar 1 radiation absorbed. A roof absorptivity of 0.3 versus a baseline assumption of 0.8 is assumed for1his measure. 'Z' 56. Light root and wall ~ The color and material of a building structure detennines the amount of solar , radiation absorbed. A roof and wall absorptivity of 0.3 versus a baseline ~ assumption of 0.8 is assumed for1his measure. ; 57. Indirect I direct evaporative coolers (lDEC) IDEC systems precool outdoor air without adding moisture before the direct stage '" using an evaporative heat exchanger. 58. High efficiency .ceiling 'fans t Increasing convective heat1ransfer coefficient allows increasing cooling setpoint temperature while still maintaining comfort. Energy impacts are measured by allowing the setpoint to increase by2Df=. r .3.2.3 DHW 59. Pilotless instant DHW ~ Standby costs of gas water heater is typically 30-50% of total water heater gas use (Davis Energy Group 1991). A pilotless instant DHW cuts this loss. 60. Solar assisted DHW ¡ , Using active solar panels with storage tanks with electric heater as backup. 3.2.4 Appliances 61. Induction stovetop This measure saves energy through 1he use of electromagnetic technology. The induction stovetop uses a high frequency, electronically controlled electromagnet to produce heat in .ferromagnetic cookware. Energy is saved because of the reduction in radiant heat losses. £2. Golden carrotretrigerator Golden carrot refrigerators incorporate improved compressors, heat exchange cycles, heat exchangers, gaskets, refrigerants, defrost cycles, and insulation. I 63. Advanced freezer Advanced freezers have higher insulation levels and high efficiency compressors. 573aI2 216 8/21196 ,- - - I Appendix G · · 64. Low water and energy use dishwasher Dishwashers consuming 1.5 KWH/cycle as opposed 10 2.17 KWH/cycle and reduce water consumption by 2()c}~. -- 65. Horizontal axis clothes washer Horizontal axis clothes washer uses less detergent, less water, less energy, and · has less moving parts. 66. 'Heatpump clothes dryer Heat pump clothes dryer extracts low grade heat from the air, upgrades it, and then ø is injected into the clothes. 3.2.5 Pools and spas · 67. Solar assisted spa water heating Using active solar panels1oheat.spa water with electric heaters as backup. III 68. .Solar assisted pool water heating Using active solar panels to heat pool water with electric heaters as backup. d 69. Premium i!fficiency spa pump Two speed spa pump consists 01 a small motor that can run at two speeds. During low usage the spa pump can be run at low speed. 111 7C. Premium efficiency pool pump Two speed pool pump consists of a small motor that can run attwo speeds. During low usage 1he pool pump can be run at low speed. II 3.2.6 Lighting II 71. Fluorescent halogen 0.8 kW Using TB or energy saver fluorescent lamps could be used instead of standard fluorescent lamps. iii 4. COMMERCIAL II 4.1 Small Office-New . Construction 4.1.1 Heating and cooling system II 72. District heating and cooling District heating and cooling is Delivery of thermal energy 10 a high demand geographic area 1hrough 2. common source. . II II II S13IIXI2 217 ß/21196 - - II J Appendix G " 4.1.2 Space cooling a, 73. 'Economizer maintenance Economizer maintenance consists ufadjusting actuators, lubricating dampers, . calibrating controls, and other maintenance checks as required to keep outside air economizer systems working properly. 74. Clean condenser :coils J Air cooled condenser coils on air .conditioning systems may become dirty or fouled over1ime from exposure to outdoor contaminants. Cleaning the condenser coils helps to maximize the air conditioning systems efficiency. J 75. High efficiency directexpansiDn (DX) AC-Coefficient of performance (COP) 3.2 Increasing COP of DX units from 2.9 to 3.2. , 76. New glazing 'high :perfDrmancetint A window with a shading coefficient of 0.81 and U-value of .48 is changed to a window with a 'Shading coefficient of 0.15 and U-value of 0.41. 'J . . 77. Light colored roofs The color and material of the building structure will determine the amount of solar '1 radiation absorbed by1hat surface. The baseline absorptance is assumed to be 0.8 (based on survey data and engineering judgment) while the iigh1 colored roof is assumed to have an absorptance of 0.3. , 4.1.3 Ughting 78. Indoor lighting medium reduction I This measure consists of a combination of measures which includes compact fluorescents, energy saver fluorescent lamps, T -8 fluorescent lamps, electronic ballasts, optical reflectors and metal halide lamps. r 79. Occupancy sensor pack-20D L- An occupancy sensor detects motion using changes in ultrasonic or infrared waves. After detecting an occupant it switches on lights for a predetermined period of time. I 4.1.4 Office equipment 80. High efficiency office copiers f This measure involves using copiers 1hat shut off in stages when not in use. 81~ Energy star TBted ~omputers I Energy star computers ·go.to sieep when not in use. This could save up to 75% of - their energy consumption. 4.2 Small Office-Retrofit I - 4.2.1 Space cooling 'I 82- Economizer maintenance Economizer maintenance consists of adjusting actuators, lubricating dampe~, calibrating controls, and other maintenance checks as 'required to keep outside air .! economizer systems working properiy. 573\DC2 218 8121/96 I ¡".. · - - · Appendix G · .. 83. Clean condenser coils Air cooled condenser coils on air conditioning systems may become dirty or fouled over time irom exposure 10 outdoor contaminants. Cleaning 'the condenser coils · helps 10 maximize 'the air conditioning systems efficiency. 84. High -efficiency .DX Ac-COP 3.2 · Increasing COP of DX units from 2.910 32. 85. ·New·glazing high -Performance tint A window ..with a shading mefficientof 0.81 and U-value of .48 is changed 10 a · window with a shading coefficient of 0.15 and U-value of 0.41. 86. Time clocks · A 1imeclock for heating and cooling shuts off the supply fans during programmed unoccupied periods. 87. Ught colored roofs · The color and material of the building structure will determine the amount of solar radiation absorbed by that surface. The baseline absorptance is assumed to be 0.8 (based on survey 'data and .engineering judgment) while 100 light colored roof is J assumed to have an ãbsorptance of 0.3. SS. DeadÞand thermostat A deadband thermostat prevents both the heating and cooling systems from · operating simultaneously, in immediate succession, or when room characteristics require no conditioning of air. ì 4.2.2 üghting 89. Indoor Jightin,g low load reduction This measure is a combination of measures which include compact fluorescents, ì energy saver fluorescent lamps, T -8 fluorescent lamps, electronic ballasts, optical reflectors, and metal halide lamps. ì 90. . Occupancy sensor pack-200 An .occupancy sensor detects motion using changes in ultrasonic or infrared waves. After detecting an.occupantitswitches on 'lights for a predetermined period of time. I 4.2.3 Office equipment 91. .High efficiency office copiers I This measure involves copiers that shut off in stages when not in use. 92- Energy star rated computers - Energy star computers go to sleep when not in use. This could save up to 75% of their ,energy consumption. 4.3 Larae office-New Construction ì 4.3.1 Heating and .cooling system I 93. District heating and cooling District heating and cooling is delivery of thermal energy to a high demand geographic area1hrough a common source. I :573IIXI2 219 8/21/96 - - Appendix G 4.3.2 Space cooling 94. High efficiency centrifugal chiller A high efficiency centrifugal chiller capable of ..Qiving.70kW/ton is used as compared 10 a baseline of .75kW /ton. 95. Variable speed drive (VSD) œntrifugal.chlller Motor speed can be adjusted by a VSD controller on a centrifugal chiller. The VSDs are used in additionto traditional inlet vanes used for capacity control. VSDs can be used for capacity control over a tairly small band near full load.but inlet vanes would take over at low load. 96. Chiller strainer cycle A chiller strainer cycle isa piping arrangement that allows evaporatively cooled water from the cooling tower to.be used in place of mechanically chilled water during cold weather. 97. Economizer maintenance Economizer maintenance consists of adjusting actuators, lubricating dampers, calibrating controls,and other maintenance checks as required to keep outside air economizer systems working properly 98. Cooling tower propeller fans Using propeller fans in place of centrifugal blowers for a cooling tower could cut the fan consumption by 50010 for the same performance. I 99. Oversize coils Oversizing the coils would allow face velocities to drop from 400 to 500 fpm range to 200 to 400 fpm range. This would also mean increasing sizes of other associated equipment. 4.3.3 Ughting 100. indoor lighting medium reduction This measure consists of a combination· of measures which includes compact iluorescents, energy saver fluorescent lamps, T-8fluorescent lamps. electronic ballasts, optical reflectors, and metal halide lamps. 101. .Occupancy sensor pack-1000 An occupancy sensor detects motion using d1anges in ultrasonic or infrared waves. After detecting an occupanUt.switches on lights for a ~redetennined period of time. 4.3.4 Office equipment 102. High efficiency office copiers This measure involves using copiers 1hat shut off in stages when not in use. 103. Energy star rated computers Energy star computers go to sleep when not in use. This could save up to 75% of their energy consumption. 573'C02 '220 8/21/96 · - - , Appendix G , 4.4 .- LarQe Office-Retrofit 4.4.1 Space cooling , 104. High efficiency centrifugal d1i1ler A high efficiency centrifugal chiller capable of giving .7OkW/ton is used as , compared to a baseline of .75kW /ton. 105. VSD centrifugal chiller Motor speed can.be adjusted by a variable speed drive controller on -a centrifugal , chiller. The variable speed drives are used in addition 10 1raÖrtional inlet vanes used for capacity control. VSD's can be used for capacity control over a fairly small band near tullload but inlet vanes would take over at low load. , 106. Chiller strainer cycle A chiller strainer cycle is -a. piping arrangement that allows evaporatively cooled water from the cooling tower to be used in place of mechanically chilled water , during cold weather. 107. Economizer maintenance t Economizer maintenance consists of adjusting actuators, lubricating dampers, calibrating contrcls, and other maintenance checks as required to keep outside air economizer systems working properly ~ 108. Cooling tower propellerians Using propeller fans in place of centrifugal blowers fora cooling tower could cut the fan consumption by 50010 for the same perfonnance. , 109. Oversize coits Oversizing the coils would allow face velocities to drop from 400 to 500 range tpm , to 20Òto 400 tpm range. This would also mean increasing sizes of other associated equipment. 4.4.2 Lighting , 110. Indoor:lighting low reduction This measure is a combination of measures which include compact fluorescents, - energy saver fluorescent lamps, T-B fluorescent lamps, electronic ballasts, optical reflectors and metal halide lamps. 111. Occupancy sensor .pack-1 000 , An occupancy sensor detects motion using changes in ultrasonic or infrared waves. After detecting an occupant it switches -on lights for a predetennined period of time , 4.4.3 Office i!quipment 112. High efficiency office copiers This measure involves using copiers that shut off in stages when not in use. , 113. Energy star rated computers Energy star computers go to sleep when not muse. This could save up to 75% of I 1heir-enet:gy consumption. ij 573IDD2 221 8/21/96 - - Appendix G 4.5 - Retail-New Construction 4.5.1 Heating and cooling system 114. District heating and cooling District heating and coolin9 js delivery of thermal energy to a high demand geographic area through a common source. 4.5.2 Space cooling 115. Economizer maintenance Economizer maintenance consists of adjusting actuators. lubricating dampers, calibrating controls, and other maintenance checks as required to keep outside air economizer systems working properly. 116. Clean condenser coils Air cooled condenser coils on air conditioning systems .may become dirty or fouled over time from exposure to outdoor contaminants. Cleaning the condenser coils helps to maximize the air conditioning systems efficiency. 117. High efficiency DX AC-COP 3.2 Increasing COP of DX units from 2.9 to 3..2. 118. New 9aazing high performance tint A window with a shading coefficient of 0.81 and U-value of .48 is changed to a window with a shading coefficient of 0.15 and U-value of 0.41. 119. Ught colored roofs The color and material of the building structure will determine 1he amount of solar radiation absorbed by that surface. The baseline absorptance is assumed to be 0.8 (based on survey data and engineering judgment) while the light colored roof is assumed to have an absorptance of 0.3. 120. Deadband thermostat A deadband thermostat prevents both the heating and cooling systems from operating simultaneously, in immediatesucœssion, or when room characteristics require T10 conditioning of air. 121. Shade screens Shade screens attached 10 1he exterior frame of the window to reduce 1he solar gain into the building spaces. 122. Reducing over-ventilation Reducing overventilation can be accomplished with a CO2 ventilation controller that can measure and display levels of CO2 and automatically control existing ventilation systems. 4.5.3 Ughting 123. Indoor lighting medium load This measure consists of a combination of measures -which includes compact fluorescents, energy saver fluorescent lamps, T-8 fluorescent lamps, electronic ballasts, optical reflectors, and metal halide lamps. 573'IDa2 222 8/21/96 II - - · Appendix G · 4.6 . RetaH-Retrofit 4.6.1 Space cooling · 124. Economizer maintenance Economizer maintenance consists of Bdjusting actuators, lubricating dampers, · calibratin9 controls, and other maintenance checks as required to keep outside air economizer systems working properly. 125. Clean condenser .coils i Air cooled condenser coils on air conditioning systems may become dirty or fouled over time from exposure to outdoor contaminants. Cleaning 1he condenser coils helps to maximize the air conditionin9 systems efficiency. i 126. High efficiency DX AC-COP 3.2 Increasing COP of DX units from 2.9 to 3.2. i 127. New glazing high performance tint A window with a shading coefficient of 0.81 and U-value of .48 is changed to a window with a shading coefficient of 0.15 and U-value of 0.41. j 128. Economizer install-packaged Retrofitting an economizer to a packaged system. - 12Ð. Light colored roofs The color and material of the building structure will determine the amount of solar radiation absorbed by that surface. The baseline absorptance is assumed to be 0.8 i (based on survey data and engineering judgment) while 1he light colored roof is assumed to have an absorptance of 0.3. i 130. Time clocks A timeclock for heating and cooling shuts off 1he supply fans during programmed unoccupied periods. ì 131. Deadband 1hennostat A deadband thermostat prevents both 1he heating and cooling systems from operating simultaneously, in immediate succession, or when room characteristics I require no conditioning of air. 132. Shade screens Shade screens attached 10 the exterior frame of 1he window provide an excellent I means of reducing the solar gain into 1he -building spaces. 133. Reducing overventilation I Reducing overventilation can be accomplished with a CO2 ventilation controller that can measure and display levels of CO2 and automatically control existing ventilation systems. I 4.6.2 Ughting 134. Indoor lighting low .Ioadreduction I This measure .is a combination of measures which include compact fluorescents, energy saverfluoresœnt lamps, T-8 fluorescent lamps, -electronic ballasts, optical reflectors and metal halide Jamps. i -5'l3œ2 .223 8/21/96 - - Appendix G l 5. INDtJSTRIAL I 5.1 Liahtina 135. Lighting load low reduction case I This measure is a combination of measures which include compact fluorescents. energy saver fluorescent lamps, T-81luorescent lamps, electronic. ballasts, optical reflectors, and metal halide lamps. 5.2 Ventilation 136. Reducing over-ventilation ~ Reducing overventilation can be accomplished with a CO2 ventilation controller that can measure and display levels of CO2 and automatically control existing ventilation · systems. i · 5.3 Motors 137. VSD on Industrial Motors Using variable speed drives on industrial motors. · · 6. MUNICIPAL OPERATIONS " Energy accounting , 138. .. t Establishment of a comprehensive energy tracking system tor aU municipal energy i consumption, costs and savings (such as ENACT software). 6.1 TransDortation t 6.1.1 Municipal employee commute measures 1 , ¡, 139. Flexible work schedule Staggered employee work hours. 140. Telecommuting Telecommuting involves allowing employees to work from homes and setting up satellite offices. 141. Bicycle facilities Increased employee bike iacilities such as preferred parking, showers, and locked 'Storage. 142. Carpooling Employee carpooling incentives. 143. Transit Use Employee transit incentives 6.1.2 Clean fuel conversionlpurchase 144. CNGvehicles Convert existing 1leet to run onCNG rather than gasoline. Also purchase new vehicles 1hat run on CNG. 573IDD2 224 8121196 · - 1 - ~ Appendix G · \ -- í45. Electric vehicles Purchase new vehicles that use electricity rather than gasoline. -- 146. Other Alternative Fuel Vehicles Convert -existing fleet to run on alternative iuels such as hydrogen. Also purchase new vehicles that run on alternative fuels. · 6.1.3 High efficiency vehicle purchase 147. Fuel efficient gasoline/diesel vehicles ~ Purchase vehicles that meet or exceed existing CAFE standards. 6.1.4 Maintenance and driving improvements · 148. Regular maintenance Regular maintenance can help save ·energy and also repair costs. A well tuned vehicle would bum less fuel than one that is not. " 149. Driver efficiency training Employee training on efficiency oriented driving technologies. d 6.2 MuniciDaI Buildinas 6.2.1 Space cooling II 150. High efficiency centrifugal chiller A high efficiency centrifugal chiller capable of giving .70kW /ton is used as II comparedtoB. baseline of .75kW/ton. 151. VSD centrifugal chiller II Motor speed can be adjusted by a VSD controller on a centrifugal chiller. The VSD are used in addition to traditional inlet vanes used for capacity control. VSD's can be used for'capacity control over a fairly small band near full load but inlet vanes would take over at low load ends. · 152- Chiller strainer cycle r ~: A chiller strainer cycle is a piping arrangement that allows evapora1ively cooled. I water from 1he cooling tower to ~ used in place of mechanically chilled water during cold weather. 153. Economizer maintenance · Economizer maintenance consists of adjusting actuators, lubricating dampers, calibrating controls, and other maintenance checks as required to keep outside air economizer systems working properly II 154. Cooling tower propeller fans Using propellerians in place of centrifugal blowers for a cooiing tower could cut the fan consumption by .50% for the same performance. ~ 155. Oversize coils Oversizing the coils ,would .allow face velocities to drop from 400 to 500 range ipm I to 200 to 400 ipm range. This would also mean increasing sizes of other associated -equipment. I SI'3UI2 225 8121/96 - - Appendix G , 6.2.2 Lighting 156. Indoor lighting medium reduction This measure consists of B combination of measures which includes compact fluorescents, energy saver 11uorescent lamps, T -8 fluorescent lamps, electronic ballast, optical reflectors, and metal halide lamps. 157. Occupancy sensor pack-100D An occupancy sensor detects motion using changes in ultrasonic or infrared waves. After detecting an occupant it switches on lights for a predetennined period of time. 6..2.3 Office equipment 158. High efficiency office copiers 1 This measure involves using copiers that shut off in stages when not in use. 159. Energy star Tated computers Energy star computers go to sleep when not in use. 6.3 MuniciÞ8IServices 6.3.1 Pumping 160. High efficiency pumps Increasing pump and motor efficiencies. 161. Reduce demand charges Reducing demand charges(i.e. low load factors) This could involve construction , of additional storage facilities. ; 162. Reduce-pumping requirements Implement water conservation measures and technologies to reduce water ;, consumption. I 163. Variable speed drives Using variable speed drives on pump motors. 6.3.2 Street lights 164. Solar assisted street lighting Photovoltaic powered street lights. 165. High efficiency street lights High efficiency street lights like sodium vapor or other more efficient luminaries 6.3.3 Traffic signals 166. High efficiency traffic signals and restricted use Installing high efficiency1raffic signals and operating the traffic signals only during 1 peak traffic hours of1he day. 573IDD2 226 8/21/96 f - - Appendix G \ . 167. Signal synchronization Increased traffic flow efficiency with greater synchronization. I 6.3.4 Forestation i I 168. Urban Forestation I Tree planting on public lands and other land vOluntarily made available. i I II I, I I I I ! I I I I !~ ! I I; S73'OO2 227 8/21/96