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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2023/10/24 Post Agenda Packet REGULAR MEETING OF THE CITY COUNCIL **POST AGENDA** Date:Tuesday, October 24, 2023, 5:00 p.m. Location:Council Chambers, 276 Fourth Avenue, Chula Vista, CA View the Meeting Live in English & Spanish: chulavistaca.gov/councilmeetings Cox channel 24 in English only Free Spanish interpretation is available onsite Welcome to your City Council Meeting PUBLIC COMMENTS: Public comments may be submitted to the City Council in the following ways: In-Person. The community is welcome to make public comments at this City Council meeting. • Submit an eComment: Visit www.chulavistaca.gov/councilmeetings, locate the meeting and click the comment bubble icon. Select the item and click "Leave Comment." eComments can be submitted until the conclusion of public comments for the item and are viewable online upon submittal. If you have difficulty submitting eComments, email comments to: cityclerk@chulavistaca.gov. • HOW TO WATCH: Live stream is available at www.chulavistaca.gov/councilmeetings. To switch the video to Spanish, please click on "ES" in the bottom right hand corner. Meetings are available anytime on the City's website (English and Spanish). In addition, closed captioning is available in both languages. ACCESSIBILITY: Individuals with disabilities or special needs are invited to request modifications or accommodations to access and/or participate in a City meeting by contacting the City Clerk’s Office at cityclerk@chulavistaca.gov or (619) 691-5041 (California Relay Service is available for the hearing impaired by dialing 711) at least forty-eight hours in advance of the meeting. SPEAKER TIME LIMITS: The time allotted for speakers may be adjusted by the Mayor. - Five minutes* for specific items listed on the agenda - Three minutes* for items NOT on the agenda (called to speak during Public Comments) - A group of individuals may select a spokesperson to speak on their behalf on an agenda item, waiving their option to speak individually on the same item. Generally, five minutes are allotted per person, up to a limit of 30 minutes, although the limits may be adjusted. Members of the group must be present. *Individuals who use a translator will be allotted twice the amount of time. GETTING TO KNOW YOUR AGENDA Agenda Sections: CONSENT CALENDAR items are routine items that are not expected to prompt discussion. All items are considered for approval at the same time with one vote. Councilmembers and staff may request items be removed and members of the public may submit a speaker slip if they wish to comment on an item. Items removed from the Consent Calendar are discussed after the vote on the remaining Consent Calendar items. PUBLIC COMMENT provides the public with an opportunity to address the Council on any matter not listed on the agenda that is within the jurisdiction of the Council. In compliance with the Brown Act, the Council cannot take action on matters not listed on the agenda. PUBLIC HEARINGS are held on matters specifically required by law. The Mayor asks for presentations from staff and from the proponent or applicant involved (if applicable) in the matter under discussion. Following questions from the Councilmembers, the Mayor opens the public hearing and asks for public comments. The hearing is closed, and the City Council may discuss and take action. ACTION ITEMS are items that are expected to cause discussion and/or action by the Council but do not legally require a Public Hearing. Staff may make a presentation and Councilmembers may ask questions of staff and the involved parties before the Mayor invites the public to provide input. CLOSED SESSION may only be attended by members of the Council, support staff, and/or legal counsel. The most common purpose of a Closed Session is to avoid revealing confidential information that may prejudice the legal or negotiating position of the City or compromise the privacy interests of employees. Closed sessions may be held only as specifically authorized by law. Council Actions: RESOLUTIONS are formal expressions of opinion or intention of the Council and are usually effective immediately. ORDINANCES are laws adopted by the Council. Ordinances usually amend, repeal or supplement the Municipal Code; provide zoning specifications; or appropriate money for specific purposes. Most ordinances require two hearings: an introductory hearing, generally followed by a second hearing at the next regular meeting. Most ordinances go into effect 30 days after the final approval. PROCLAMATIONS are issued by the City to honor significant achievements by community members, City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Page 2 of 712 highlight an event, promote awareness of community issues, and recognize City employees. Pages 1.CALL TO ORDER 2.ROLL CALL 3.PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE TO THE FLAG AND MOMENT OF SILENCE 4.SPECIAL ORDERS OF THE DAY 4.1 Oaths of Office: Board of Library Trustees - James Moffat Human Relations Commission - Sandra Hodge 4.2 Presentation of a Proclamation to Filipino American Military Officers Association Proclaiming October 24, 2023 Filipino American Veterans Day in the City of Chula Vista 4.3 Presentation of a Proclamation to PhilAmBid and UPI Proclaiming October 2023 as Filipino History Month in the City of Chula Vista 4.4 Presentation by Chula Vista Elementary School District Superintendent Dr. Eduardo Reyes and Veterans Elementary School Principal Erika Gregg Regarding the 2023 Veterans Parade 8 5.CONSENT CALENDAR (Items 5.1 through 5.9) All items listed under the Consent Calendar are considered and acted upon by one motion. Anyone may request an item be removed for separate consideration. RECOMMENDED ACTION: Council approve the recommended action on the below consent calendar items. 5.1 Approval of Meeting Minutes 14 RECOMMENDED ACTION: Approve the minutes dated: October 17, 2023 5.2 Waive Reading of Text of Resolutions and Ordinances RECOMMENDED ACTION: Approve a motion to read only the title and waive the reading of the text of all resolutions and ordinances at this meeting. 5.3 Consideration of Requests for Excused Absences RECOMMENDED ACTION: Consider requests for excused absences as appropriate. City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Page 3 of 712 5.4 Community Facilities Districts: Discontinue City Participation in the California Municipal Financing Authority’s Bond Opportunities for Land Development Program 28 Report Number: 23-0268 Location: No specific geographic location Department: Development Services Environmental Notice: The activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) State Guidelines; therefore, pursuant to State Guidelines Section 15060(c)(3) no environmental review is required. RECOMMENDED ACTION: Adopt a resolution discontinuing the City’s participation in the California Municipal Financing Authority’s Bond Opportunities for Land Development Program for Community Facilities Districts. 5.5 Community Facilities Districts: Amend City Council Policy No. 505-04, Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facility Districts 37 Report Number: 23-0191 Location: No specific geographic location Department: Development Services Environmental Notice: The activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) State Guidelines; therefore, pursuant to State Guidelines Section 15060(c)(3) no environmental review is required. RECOMMENDED ACTION: Adopt a resolution to amend City Council Policy No. 505-04, Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facility Districts. 5.6 Emergency Operations: Adopt the City of Chula Vista Emergency Operations Plan and the 2023 Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan – City of Chula Vista Annex 89 Report Number: 23-0164 Location: No specific geographic location Department: Fire Environmental Notice: The activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the California Environmental Quality Act State Guidelines; therefore, pursuant to State Guidelines Section 15060(c)(3) no environmental review is required. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the activity qualifies for an Exemption pursuant to Section 15061(b)(3) of the California Environmental Quality Act State Guidelines. City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Page 4 of 712 RECOMMENDED ACTION: Adopt resolutions: A) Adopting the City of Chula Vista Emergency Operations Plan and B) Adopting the 2023 Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan - City of Chula Vista Annex. 5.7 Agreement: Approve a Research Use Agreement with Icarus RT, Inc., and Approve the Installation of Solar Panels, Pool Heating Technology, and Electric Vehicle Chargers at Loma Verde Community Center 634 Report Number: 23-0238 Location: Loma Verde Community Center, 1420 Loma Lane Department: Economic Development Environmental Notice: The Project qualifies for a Categorical Exemption pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act State Guidelines Section 15301 Class 1 (Existing Facilities) and Section 15303 Class 3 (New Construction or Conversion of Small Structures). RECOMMENDED ACTION: Adopt a resolution approving the Research Use Agreement with Icarus RT, Inc., and the installation of solar panels, pool heating technology, and up to eight electric vehicle chargers at the Loma Verde Community Center at no cost to the City. 5.8 Grant Award and Appropriation: Accept a Grant from the U.S. Department of Justice for the Bulletproof Vest Partnership and Appropriate Funds 661 Report Number: 23-0281 Location: No specific geographic location Department: Police Environmental Notice: The activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the California Environmental Quality Act State Guidelines; therefore, pursuant to State Guidelines Section 15060(c)(3) no environmental review is required. RECOMMENDED ACTION: Adopt a resolution accepting $4,422.96 in grant funds and appropriating the funds to the Police Grants Section of the Federal Grants Fund for the Bulletproof Vest Partnership Program (4/5 Vote Required). City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Page 5 of 712 5.9 Memorandum of Understanding: Approve a Memorandum of Understanding with Landify ECT Corporation Regarding Potential Development of Certain Park Improvements 664 Report Number: 23-0295 Location: Lower Sweetwater Community Park and Otay Ranch Community Park North Department: City Manager & Development Services Environmental Notice: The activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) State Guidelines; therefore, pursuant to State Guidelines Section 15060(c)(3) no environmental review is required. Before any potential park development could occur, further action by the City Council would have to be taken, which action would be accompanied by appropriate environmental review under CEQA. RECOMMENDED ACTION: Adopt a resolution approving a Memorandum of Understanding with Landify ECT Corporation regarding the potential development of certain park improvements. 6.PUBLIC COMMENTS 678 The public may address the Council on any matter within the jurisdiction of the Council but not on the agenda. 7.PUBLIC HEARINGS The following item(s) have been advertised as public hearing(s) as required by law. 7.1 Grant Award and Appropriation: Accept a Grant from the U.S. Department of Justice for the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant and Appropriate Funds 686 Report Number: 23-0280 Location: No specific geographic location Department: Police Environmental Notice: The activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the California Environmental Quality Act State Guidelines; therefore, pursuant to State Guidelines Section 15060(c)(3) no environmental review is required. RECOMMENDED ACTION: Conduct a public hearing and adopt a resolution accepting $75,986 in grant funds, and appropriating said funds to the Police Grants Section of the Federal Grants Fund for the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant. (4/5 Vote Required) 8.CITY MANAGER’S REPORTS 9.MAYOR’S REPORTS 10.COUNCILMEMBERS’ COMMENTS City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Page 6 of 712 10.1 Update by City Council Subcommittees: Subcommittee on Campaign Contributions• Subcommittee on Economic Development and Binational Affairs• Subcommittee on Downtown Third Avenue Concerns• 11.CITY ATTORNEY'S REPORTS 12.CLOSED SESSION Announcements of actions taken in Closed Sessions shall be made available by noon on the next business day following the Council meeting at the City Attorney's office in accordance with the Ralph M. Brown Act (Government Code 54957.7) 12.1 Conference with Legal Counsel Regarding Existing Litigation Pursuant to Government Code Section 54956.9(d)(1) Name of case: CV Amalgamated LLC v City of Chula Vista, et al., San Diego Superior Court, Case number 37-2020-33446-CU-MC-CTL 12.2 Conference with Labor Negotiators Pursuant to Government Code Section 54957.6 Agency designated representatives: Maria Kachadoorian, Tiffany Allen, Courtney Chase, Tanya Tomlinson, Sarah Schoen, and Edward Prendell Employee organization: ACE, IAFF, NIAF, MM/PR, POA, WCE, and unrepresented employees. 13.ADJOURNMENT to the regular City Council meeting on November 14, 2023, at 5:00 p.m. in the Council Chambers. Materials provided to the City Council related to an open session item on this agenda are available for public review, please contact the Office of the City Clerk at cityclerk@chulavistaca.gov or (619) 691-5041. Sign up at www.chulavistaca.gov to receive email notifications when City Council agendas are published online. City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Page 7 of 712 16th Annual Veteran’s Day Parade Veterans Elementary School Chula Vista Elementary School District November 3, 2023 Page 8 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Home of the “Heroes” •16th Annual Veterans Day Parade •Parade was founded by Lieutenant Commander Henry Martinez and former principal Dr. Hernandez •The goal of this parade continues to be the same: To honor our Veterans and military families and help our students appreciate and understand the sacrifice that they make 10/25/2023 2 Page 9 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Our Entire Community is Involved! 10/25/2023 3 Page 10 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Here is a Sneak Peak… 10/25/2023 4 Page 11 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda You’re Invited! On behalf of Veterans Elementary School and the Chula Vista Elementary School District, we would be honored to have you walk with us in our 16th Annual Veteran’s Day Parade 10/25/2023 5 Page 12 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Page 13 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda City of Chula Vista Regular Meeting of the City Council Meeting Minutes October 17, 2023, 5:00 p.m. Council Chambers, 276 Fourth Avenue, Chula Vista, CA Present: Councilmember Cardenas, Councilmember Chavez, Councilmember Gonzalez, Deputy Mayor Preciado, Mayor McCann Also Present: City Manager Kachadoorian; Jill Maland representing Lounsbery Ferguson Altona & Peak LLP, Interim Acting City Attorney; City Clerk Bigelow; Deputy Director of City Clerk Services Turner The City Council minutes are prepared and ordered to correspond to the City Council Agenda. Agenda items may be taken out of order during the meeting. The agenda items were considered in the order presented, except for item 8.1, which was time certain and taken after Item 5.5. _____________________________________________________________________ 1. CALL TO ORDER A regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Chula Vista was called to order at 5:05 p.m. in the Council Chambers, located in City Hall, 276 Fourth Avenue, Chula Vista, California. 2. ROLL CALL City Clerk Bigelow called the roll. 3. PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE TO THE FLAG AND MOMENT OF SILENCE 4. SPECIAL ORDERS OF THE DAY 4.1 Presentation by the San Diego County Registrar of Voters’ Office on the Newly Installed Permanent Ballot Drop Boxes Located Throughout the City Andrew Pates, Election Processing Supervisor from the San Diego County Registrar of Voters' Office, gave a presentation. 4.2 Presentation of a Proclamation to Director of CAST Maria Zadorozny and Fire Chief Muns Commending the Community Adversity Support Team (CAST -- Previously Citizen's Adversity Support Team) on its 30th Anniversary in the City of Chula Vista Mayor McCann read the proclamation, and Councilmember Gonzalez presented it to the Director of CAST, Maria Zadorozny. Page 14 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 2023-10-17 City Council Regular Meeting Minutes Page 2 5. CONSENT CALENDAR (Items 5.1 through 5.9) Items 5.2, 5.4, 5.5, 5.7, and 5.8 were removed from the Consent Calendar at the request of members of the public. Mayor McCann announced that Item 5.10 would be withdrawn and would not be considered. Moved by Mayor McCann Seconded by Deputy Mayor Preciado To approve the recommended actions appearing below consent calendar Items 5.1, 5.3, 5.6, and 5.9. The headings were read, text waived. The motion was carried by the following vote: Yes (5): Councilmember Cardenas, Councilmember Chavez, Councilmember Gonzalez, Deputy Mayor Preciado, and Mayor McCann Result, Carried (5 to 0) 5.1 Approval of Meeting Minutes Approval of the minutes dated: September 26, October 3, and 5, 2023. 5.3 Consideration of Requests for Excused Absences Approval of an excused absence request from Councilmember Cardenas for the October 5, 2023 City Council workshop. 5.6 Agreement: Approve a Facilities Use License Agreement for Exclusive Use of the Primary Equestrian Arena and Outbuildings at Rohr Park Judith Tieber submitted written comments in support of the staff's recommendation. Adopt a resolution approving a Facilities Use License Agreement between the City and Sunnyside Saddle Club for Exclusive Use of the Primary Equestrian Arena and Outbuildings at Rohr Park. Item 5.6 heading: RESOLUTION NO. 2023-161 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA APPROVING A FACILITIES USE LICENSE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE CITY AND SUNNYSIDE SADDLE CLUB 5.9 Agreement: Approve Modifications to the Golf Course Facility Management Agreement with Touchstone Golf, LLC, for Management of the Chula Vista Golf Course Adopt a resolution approving a modified Golf Course Facility Management Agreement with Touchstone Golf, LLC, for professional management services for the Chula Vista Golf Course. Item 5.9 heading: RESOLUTION NO. 2023-165 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA APPROVING A MODIFIED GOLF COURSE FACILITY MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE CITY AND TOUCHSTONE GOLF, LLC Page 15 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 2023-10-17 City Council Regular Meeting Minutes Page 3 ITEMS REMOVED FROM CONSENT CALENDAR 5.2 Waive Reading of Text of Resolutions and Ordinances Alan C. spoke in opposition to the item. Moved by Deputy Mayor Preciado Seconded by Mayor McCann To approve a motion to read only the title and waive the reading of the text of all resolutions and ordinances at this meeting. Yes (5): Councilmember Cardenas, Councilmember Chavez, Councilmember Gonzalez, Deputy Mayor Preciado, and Mayor McCann Result, Carried (5 to 0) 5.4 Financial Report and Appropriation: Accept the Quarterly Financial Report for the Quarter Ending June 30, 2023, Appropriate Funds for that Purpose, and Amend a Council Policy John Acosta, Chula Vista resident, spoke in opposition to the item. Finance Director Schoen responded to questions from the City Council. Moved by Deputy Mayor Preciado Seconded by Councilmember Cardenas To adopt Resolution Nos. 2023-157 and 2023-158, the headings were read, text waived. The motion was carried by the following vote: Yes (5): Councilmember Cardenas, Councilmember Chavez, Councilmember Gonzalez, Deputy Mayor Preciado, and Mayor McCann Result, Carried (5 to 0) Item 5.4 headings: A) RESOLUTION NO. 2023-157 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA MAKING VARIOUS AMENDMENTS TO THE FISCAL YEAR 2022- 23 BUDGET TO ADJUST FOR VARIANCES AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR (4/5 VOTE REQUIRED) B) RESOLUTION NO. 2023-158 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA ADOPTING REVISED FINANCIAL REPORTING AND TRANSFER AUTHORITY POLICY 5.5 City Election: Call an Election on March 5, 2024, to Conduct a Primary Election for City Councilmembers for Districts 3 and 4 and a Special Runoff Election for City Attorney, and Adopt Regulations for Candidate Statements Acting City Attorney Maland stated she would abstain from the discussion on the item due to a potential financial-related conflict of interest. Assistant City Attorney McClurg joined the meeting. Page 16 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 2023-10-17 City Council Regular Meeting Minutes Page 4 Alan C. spoke regarding voting options. The following members of the public spoke in opposition to mail-in ballots:  John Acosta, Chula Vista resident  Robert Johnson, Chula Vista resident  Joseph Raso, Chula Vista resident Robert Johnson submitted written comments expressing a neutral position on the item. Moved by Mayor McCann Seconded by Deputy Mayor Preciado To adopt Resolution Nos. 2023-159 and 2023-160, the headings were read, text waived. The motion was carried by the following vote: Yes (5): Councilmember Cardenas, Councilmember Chavez, Councilmember Gonzalez, Deputy Mayor Preciado, and Mayor McCann Result, Carried (5 to 0) Item 5.5 headings: A) RESOLUTION NO. 2023-159 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA CALLING A PRIMARY MUNICIPAL ELECTION FOR TWO MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL, REPRESENTING DISTRICT S 3 AND 4 AND A SPECIAL RUNOFF ELECTION FOR A CITY ATTORNEY, TO BE HELD ON TUESDAY, MARCH 5, 2024; AND REQUESTING THE COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO BOARD OF SUPERVISORS TO PERMIT THE REGISTRAR OF VOTERS TO PERFORM CERTAIN SERVICES FOR THE CONDUCT OF THE ELECTION B) RESOLUTION NO. 2023-160 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA ADOPTING REGULATIONS FOR CANDIDATES FOR ELECTIVE OFFICE PERTAINING TO MATERIALS SUBMITTED TO THE ELECTORATE AT THE MUNICIPAL ELECTION TO BE HELD TUESDAY, MARCH 5, 2024 Mayor McCann recessed the meeting at 5:51 p.m. The Council reconvened at 6:00 p.m., with all members present. 5.7 Grant Award and Agreement: Accept and Appropriate Grant Funds from the California Office of Traffic Safety for a Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Program and Approve an Agreement with Circulate San Diego to Administer the Program The following members of the public spoke in opposition to the item:  Mary Davis  John Acosta, Chula Vista resident Alan C. spoke regarding bike lanes on Broadway. City Council discussion ensued. Page 17 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 2023-10-17 City Council Regular Meeting Minutes Page 5 Moved by Councilmember Gonzalez Seconded by Deputy Mayor Preciado To adopt Resolution Nos. 2023-162 and 2023-163, headings were read, text waived. The motion was carried by the following vote: Yes (5): Councilmember Cardenas, Councilmember Chavez, Councilmember Gonzalez, Deputy Mayor Preciado, and Mayor McCann Result, Carried (5 to 0) Item 5.7 headings: A) RESOLUTION NO. 2023-162 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA ACCEPTING GRANT FUNDS FROM THE CALIFORNIA OFFICE OF TRAFFIC SAFETY FOR THE PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLE SAFETY PROGRAM AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR (4/5 VOTE REQUIRED) B) RESOLUTION NO. 2023-163 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA WAIVING THE COMPETITIVE FORMAL BID REQUIREMENT AND APPROVING AN AGREEMENT WITH WALKSANDIEGO DOING BUSINESS AS CIRCULATE SAN DIEGO TO ADMINISTER THE PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLE SAFETY PROGRAM 5.8 Expenditure Plan Amendment and Appropriation: Amend the Infrastructure, Facilities and Equipment Expenditure Plan and Appropriate Funds to the Traffic Signal Modifications CIP Project for a Change Order with HMS Construction and Associated Project Costs Alan C. spoke in support of the item. John Acosta, Chula Vista resident, spoke in support of sensors on stoplights. Director of Engineering Valle spoke regarding the item. Moved by Deputy Mayor Preciado Seconded by Mayor McCann To adopt Resolution No. 2023-164, heading was read, text waived. The motion was carried by the following vote: Yes (5): Councilmember Cardenas, Councilmember Chavez, Councilmember Gonzalez, Deputy Mayor Preciado, and Mayor McCann Result, Carried (5 to 0) Item 5.8 heading: RESOLUTION NO. 2023-164 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA AMENDING THE INFRASTRUCTURE, FACILITIES, AND EQUIPMENT EXPENDITURE PLAN AND APPROPRIATING MEASURE P FUNDS TO THE TRAFFIC SIGNAL MODIFICATIONS (TRF0408) CIP PROJECT (4/5 VOTE REQUIRED) 5.10 Labor Relations: Consideration of Establishing a Healthcare Worker Minimum Wage Page 18 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 2023-10-17 City Council Regular Meeting Minutes Page 6 Mayor McCann announced that Item 5.10 would be withdrawn due to the passage of California Senate Bill 525, Minimum wages: health care workers. 6. PUBLIC COMMENTS Joseph Raso, Chula Vista resident, spoke in opposition to the tenant protection ordinance. Mary Davis spoke regarding City neighborhoods and Harborside Park. Alan C. spoke regarding the Brown Act and opioids. John Acosta, Chula Vista resident, spoke regarding conflicts of interest. Preston Barney, Chula Vista resident, offered prayers to the City Council. Christine Brady, Chula Vista resident, spoke regarding mental health treatment. Leticia Lares submitted written comments regarding Harborside Park. Robert Johnson submitted written comments regarding speaker time limits. David Marques submitted written comments regarding homelessness and affordable housing. 7. PUBLIC HEARINGS 7.1 HUD Entitlement Grants and Appropriation: Adopt a First Amendment to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Fiscal Year 2023/24 Annual Action Plan and Appropriate Funds Notice of the hearing was given in accordance with legal requirements, and the hearing was held on the date and no earlier than the time specified in the notice. Director of Housing and Homeless Services Kurz and Housing Manager Warwick gave a presentation on the item and responded to questions of the City Council. Mayor McCann opened the public hearing. Alan C. spoke regarding Section 8 housing. There being no further members of the public who wished to speak, Mayor McCann closed the public hearing. City Clerk Bigelow announced that a revised resolution and staff report had been distributed to the City Council, and that action on the item would be with respect to the revised documents. City Council discussion ensued. Moved by Councilmember Gonzalez Seconded by Mayor McCann To adopt Resolution No. 2023-166, the heading was read, text waived. The motion was carried by the following vote: Yes (5): Councilmember Cardenas, Councilmember Chavez, Councilmember Gonzalez, Deputy Mayor Preciado, and Mayor McCann Page 19 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 2023-10-17 City Council Regular Meeting Minutes Page 7 Result, Carried (5 to 0) Item 7.1 heading: RESOLUTION NO. 2023-166 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA AUTHORIZING THE FIRST AMENDMENT TO THE 2023/24 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT ANNUAL ACTION PLAN AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR (4/5 VOTE REQUIRED) 8. ACTION ITEMS 8.1 Grant Award & Agreements: Accept and Appropriate Grant Funds and Approve Grant Agreement, Increase Police Staffing and Approve Agreements with SANDAG for Theft Prevention Grant Program and Flock Group for Automated License Plate Recognition Cameras City Manager Kachadoorian, Police Chief Kennedy, Police Captain Foxx, and Police Lieutenant Giaime gave a presentation on the item and responded to questions from the City Council. The following members of the public spoke in support of the item:  Alan C.  Tony Salamant, Chula Vista resident  Mary Salas, Chula Vista resident  Scott Vinson, Chula Vista resident  David Oyos  Jose Castillo, Chula Vista resident  Maria Zadorozny, Chula Vista resident  Maricris Drouaillet  Jesse Navarro, Chula Vista resident  Patricia Aguilar, Chula Vista resident  Ann Marie Volkman  Patty Chavez, Chula Vista resident Terry Castillo, Chula Vista resident, submitted written comments in support of the item but did not wish to speak. The following members of the public spoke in opposition to the item:  Mary Davis  Pedro Rios, Chula Vista resident  Nick Paul, Chula Vista resident  Nancy Relaford  Maggie Baker, Chula Vista resident representing South Bay People Power Page 20 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 2023-10-17 City Council Regular Meeting Minutes Page 8 The following members of the public submitted written comments in support of the item:  Fred Rowbotham  Michael  Mike Jones  Samson Leonard  Jeff Mielke  Dell Miller  Alfonso Perdomo  Shane Coleman  Ryan Davies  Jeremy Cabrera  Hayden Harris  Eduardo Gonzalez  Neiva Perdomo  Justin  Carson  Jayden Finch  Anonymous  Glenn I.  Austin McNutt  William Tabor  Evan Linney  Randi L.  Eric Wood  Adan Espinoza  Cameron  Jayne Tabor  Adelle Munoz  Francisco Pinedo  Anissa Pinedo-Gallardo  Sammi Gallardo  David Bejarano  Mike Tardy  Audrey Verdone  Vern Sallee  Debbie Lechner  Bob C.  Marla Kingkade  Tomas Valles  Raul Flores, Jr.  Jorge Rodriguez  TK  David Roberts  LB  Nameeta Sahni, Psy.d.  Danine Mesker Page 21 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 2023-10-17 City Council Regular Meeting Minutes Page 9  Matt  Ramirez  Tyler Miller  Sam F.  Jill M Galvez  Sergio  Chris L  Susie Murphy  Michelle Macawili  Maria Elena Galleher  Louis M.  Tatiana Burnett  Matthew DeRosier  Manuel  Mike  Donte  Victor Galvez  Camacho  Walter Roberts  Patricia Roberts  Shin  Jesus  John Teevan  J.  Chris  Kahl  Inaam Ottersbach  MF  Joseph  Denisse Alvarez  Shannon Marie Shay  Brian  Mary Searock  Paul M.  Dominick B.  Della Hathaway  Ken S  Greg Borunda  Henry M  Dan P  Katie  Brandon Martin  Archer  Taylor M  Melissa M  Dustin B  Anthony O'Connor  John E Page 22 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 2023-10-17 City Council Regular Meeting Minutes Page 10  Jacqui B  Diana C E  Diana B  Bret B  Diana R  Christopher Kelley  Bertha Munoz  Jerilynn Miller  Jeff Miller  Henry M  Alan A.  Tiffany S  Maria M  Tiffany S  Noelle R.  Tony A  Brittany A  Chris M  Matt Munts  Tony Gutierrez  Derrick R  Mark M  Cleophus Bronson  Allison S  Alma M  Natalia M  MGM  Megan P  Mario P  Jordana P  Gary T.  Juan  Anthony M.  John A.  Dameon  Iliana Trujillo  Vinit Jensen The following members of the public submitted written comments in opposition to the item:  Pedro Rios  Angelica Ruiz  Alex Romero  Sara Kennedy  Julie Ruble  Sophia Rodriguez  Kathy Hardy Page 23 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 2023-10-17 City Council Regular Meeting Minutes Page 11  Brianna Carignan  Gisela Hernandez  Andrew Buitron  Julie Nguyen  Margaret Baker  Patricia Ruiz  Natalia Von Hausen  Patricia Mondragon  Bertha Gutierrez  Sara Mondragon  Gaia Croston  Vivian Marlene Dunbar  Monica Santos  Silvia S,  Mandy Lien  Adriana Jasso  Al Julian  Kimberly C. Ports  Erin Tsurumoto Grassi  Kathy Tell  Homayra Yusufi  Benjamin Prado  Daniela  Asma Abdi  Nadia Galash  Lucky  Nancy Relaford  Nicholas Paul  Meena K.  Lois Katherine Klepin  Francis X. Riley City Council discussion ensued. Moved by Mayor McCann Seconded by Councilmember Gonzalez To adopt Resolution Nos. 2023-167 through 2023-169, the headings were read, text waived. The motion was carried by the following vote: Yes (5): Councilmember Cardenas, Councilmember Chavez, Councilmember Gonzalez, Deputy Mayor Preciado, and Mayor McCann Result, Carried (5 to 0) Item 8.1 headings: A) RESOLUTION NO. 2023-167 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA ACCEPTING A GRANT FROM THE BOARD OF STATE AND COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS, ADDING ONE POLICE AGENT TO THE Page 24 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 2023-10-17 City Council Regular Meeting Minutes Page 12 AUTHORIZED STAFFING LEVEL OF THE POLICE DEPARTMENT, AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR (4/5 VOTE REQUIRED) B) RESOLUTION NO. 2023-168 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA APPROVING AN AGREEMENT WITH THE SAN DIEGO ASSOCIATION OF GOVERNMENTS FOR THE ORGANIZED RETAIL THEFT PREVENTION GRANT PROGRAM C) RESOLUTION NO. 2023-169 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA WAIVING THE COMPETITIVE FORMAL BID REQUIREMENT AND APPROVING AN AGREEMENT WITH FLOCK GROUP, INC. FOR LICENSE PLATE RECOGNITION HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE FOR THE ORGANIZED RETAIL THEFT PREVENTION GRANT PROGRAM Mayor McCann recessed the meeting at 7:59 p.m. The City Council reconvened at 8:14 p.m., with all members present. 9. CITY MANAGER’S REPORTS Deputy Director of Community Services Whatley spoke regarding the grant award of $19.4 million from the Building Forward Library Infrastructure program to address critical maintenance, improve energy efficiencies, extend digital access, and expand physical access to the City's libraries. City Manager Kachadoorian spoke regarding the Smart Meter program. 9.1 Report on Elite Athlete Training Center Naming Rights Approval Brian Melekian, President and COO of the Chula Vista Elite Training Center, spoke regarding the item. 10. MAYOR’S REPORTS Mayor McCann spoke regarding the people of Israel. City Council discussion ensued. 10.1 Ratification of Appointments to the Following Commissions: Board of Library Trustees -James Moffatt Human Relations Commission -Sandra Hodge Moved by Deputy Mayor Preciado Seconded by Councilmember Cardenas To ratify the above appointment of James Moffatt to the Board of Library Trustees and Sandra Hodge to the Human Relations Commission. Yes (5): Councilmember Cardenas, Councilmember Chavez, Councilmember Gonzalez, Deputy Mayor Preciado, and Mayor McCann Result, Carried (5 to 0) Page 25 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 2023-10-17 City Council Regular Meeting Minutes Page 13 11. COUNCILMEMBERS’ COMMENTS Councilmember Chavez, spoke regarding her attendance at the San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce 2023 Binational Delegation and the inaugural route for the Rapid 227. She also spoke in support of Breast Cancer Awareness Month. At the request of Councilmember Chavez, there was a consensus of the City Council to illuminate City Hall in pink during October for Breast Cancer Awareness. At the request of Deputy Mayor Preciado there was a consensus of the City Council to add an item to the next City Council agenda to provide updates on the work of the ad hoc subcommittees on economic development and campaign contributions. At the request of Deputy Mayor Preciado, there was a consensus of the City Council to add an item to the next City Council agenda similar to item 13.2 on that agenda. At the request of Councilmember Cardenas, there was a consensus of a majority of the City Council to add an item to a future City Council meeting on updates on the tenant protection ordinance and related changes to state law. Mayor McCann stated he would abstain from voting on the referral due to potential property-related conflict of interest. 12. CITY ATTORNEY'S REPORTS There were none. 13. CLOSED SESSION Pursuant to Resolution No. 13706 and Council Policy No. 346-03, Official Minutes and records of action taken during closed sessions are maintained by the City Attorney. Acting City Attorney Maland announced that the Council would convene in closed session to discuss the items listed below. Mayor McCann recessed the meeting at 9:37 p.m. The Council convened in Closed Session at 9:45 p.m., with all members present. 13.1 Conference with Legal Counsel Regarding Existing Litigation Pursuant to Government Code Section 54956.9(d)(1): A) Name of case: City of Chula Vista v. Lexington Insurance Co., San Diego Superior Court, Case No. 37-2023-00005462-CU-BC-CTL Action: No Reportable Action B) Name of case: Michael Donohue v. City of Chula Vista, San Diego Superior Court, Case No. 37-2022-00021242-CU-PA -CTL Action: Settlement approved pending final terms 13.2 Conference with Labor Negotiators Pursuant to Government Code Section 54957.6 Agency designated representatives: Maria Kachadoorian, Tiffany Allen, Courtney Chase, Tanya Tomlinson, Sarah Schoen, and Edward Prendell Page 26 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 2023-10-17 City Council Regular Meeting Minutes Page 14 Employee organization: ACE, IAFF, NIAF, MM/PR, POA, WCE, and unrepresented employees. Item not discussed. 14. ADJOURNMENT The meeting was adjourned at 10:00 p.m. Minutes prepared by: Tyshar Turner, Assistant City Clerk _________________________ Kerry K. Bigelow, MMC, City Clerk Page 27 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 1 ITEM TITLE Community Facilities Districts: Discontinue City Participation in the California Municipal Financing Authority’s Bond Opportunities for Land Development Program Report Number: 23-0268 Location: No specific geographic location Department: Development Services Environmental Notice: The activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) State Guidelines; therefore, pursuant to State Guidelines Section 15060(c)(3) no environmental review is required. Recommended Action Adopt a resolution to discontinue the City’s participation in the California Municipal Financing Authority’s Bond Opportunities for Land Development Program for Community Facilities Districts. SUMMARY On August 10, 2021, the City Council adopted a policy to participate in the California Municipal Financing Authority’s (“CMFA’s”) Bond Opportunities for Land Development (“BOLD”) program to accommodate the formation of Community Facilities Districts (“CFDs”) and the sale of bonds to finance public facilities. CMFA is a joint powers authority of which the City of Chula Vista is a member. Under the BOLD program CMFA oversees formation, administration and the sale of bonds which is otherwise the responsibility of the City. To date, the Council has approved three CFDs formed under this program. One of the intended benefits of the BOLD program was to reduce the amount of City oversight and staff time required for CFD formation and implementation. The intended reduction of staff time has not been realized. For this and other reasons, staff is recommending that the City no longer participate in the BOLD program. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW The Director of Development Services has reviewed the proposed activity for compliance with CEQA and has determined that the activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the State CEQA Guidelines because it will not result in a physical change in the environment; therefore, pursuant to Section 15060(c)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines, the activity is not subject to CEQA. Thus, no environmental review is required. Page 28 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 2 BOARD/COMMISSION/COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION Not applicable. DISCUSSION In 2021, developers working on projects within Chula Vista approached City staff requesting that the City entertain participating in CMFA’s BOLD program for the formation of CFDs for their development projects. CMFA is a statewide joint powers authority whose members are public entities throughout the State. CMFA has the same powers as its member agencies and can issue municipal bonds on behalf of a member. The City of Chula Vista is a member of CMFA, having utilized CMFA for other types of bond financing in the past but not the BOLD program. CMFA oversees the formation of CFDs, sale of bonds and ongoing district administration. The BOLD Program is facilitated through bond professionals chosen by CMFA with specialized expertise in CFD formation, bond issuance and sales including bond counsel, underwriter, special tax consultant. As such, the City doesn’t designate the financing team and is not involved in the bond issuance process except for a closing certificate to be delivered at closing of each bond issue relating to the facilities being financed with bond proceeds. The City’s participation in the BOLD Program was intended to result in more efficient delivery of local agency services to residential and commercial development due to the following: (1) CMFA, not the City, would form the CFD and administer the CFD. Input from City staff was sought on key provisions in the CFD documents, CMFA approves all formation documents, reducing work for City staff and City Council; (2) CMFA meets every 3 weeks and can hold special meetings in order to expedite the CFD formation process and bond issuance process; (3) CMFA consultants field questions from residents within the CFD regarding the amount of special tax and use of special tax; (4) CMFA consultants coordinate the annual special tax levy with the County of San Diego, and track and assist in the collection of any delinquencies; and (5) If requested by the City, CMFA utilizes a program administrator for the BOLD Program to review invoices and other documentation related to disbursement of bond proceeds, thereby relieving City staff of this burden. Unfortunately, these efficiencies have not been realized to date, requiring a significant amount of City staff time for the three CFDs that have been formed to date. Staff believes that the BOLD program likely works well for smaller cities with simpler projects. The developers have likely paid more in consulting costs as the City has needed to hire its own bond counsel and financial consultant, paid for by the developers or through bond proceeds, to work through complex issues. One of the driving factors behind the developer’s desire to use the BOLD program was to avoid being subject to certain provisions in the City’s Goal and Policies. These provisions include (1) the prohibition on financing development impact fees; (2) the prohibition on the escalation of the maximum special tax to pay for public facilities; (3) the payment to the City of compensation equal to one percent (1%) of the total Page 29 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 3 authorized bonded indebtedness; (4) the requirement that an appraisal be coordinated by, done under the direction of, and addressed to the City; and (5) the requirement that all consultants including the appraiser, be selected and retained by the City. Since the CFDs were not going to be sponsored by the City, the Council agreed to waive these provisions of its Goals and Policies but required adherence to the balances of the provisions. The City’s direct oversight of CFD formation and bond sales is preferable and better serves homeowners of Chula Vista. The City Council has the authority to deny approval of the use of the BOLD program for any specific developer. However, staff believes it is in the best interest of the City to discontinue participation in the BOLD program, and to terminate any authority granted to CMFA to accept applications from property owners seeking to participate in the BOLD program. To address some of the developer’s concerns, the City has proposed certain amendments to the CFD Goals and Policies. The proposed amendments will be considered by the City Council under a s eparate action tonight. DECISION-MAKER CONFLICT Staff has reviewed the decision contemplated by this action and has determined that it is not site-specific and consequently, the real property holdings of the City Council members do not create a disqualifying real property-related financial conflict of interest under the Political Reform Act (Cal. Gov't Code § 87100, et seq.) Staff is not independently aware, and has not been informed by any City Council member, of any other fact that may constitute a basis for a decision-maker conflict of interest in this matter. CURRENT-YEAR FISCAL IMPACT There is no current year fiscal impact to the General Fund or Development Services Fund as a result of this action. ONGOING FISCAL IMPACT There is no ongoing fiscal impact to the General Fund or Development Services Fund as a result of this action. 1. City Council Resolution No. 2021-148, dated August 10, 2021 Staff Contact: Kimberly Elliott, Facilities Financing Manager, Development Services Laura C. Black, AICP, Director of Development Services Page 30 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda RESOLUTION NO. RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA DISCONTINUING PARTICIPATION IN THE BOND OPPORTUNITIES FOR LAND DEVELOPMENT (“BOLD”) PROGRAM, TERMINATING AUTHORITY OF CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL FINANCE AUTHORITY TO ACCEPT APPLICATIONS FROM PROPERTY OWNERS FOR PARTICIPATION IN THE BOLD PROGRAM WITHIN THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA, RESCINDING RESOLUTION NO. 2021-148 OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA AUTHORIZING USE OF THE BOLD PROGRAM, AND TAKING OTHER ACTIONS RELATING THERETO WHEREAS, the California Municipal Finance Authority (the “CMFA”) is a joint exercise of powers entity created pursuant to Articles 1, 2, 3 and 4 of Chapter 5 of Division 7 of Title 1 of the California Government Code, the members of which include numerous cities, counties and other local agencies in the State; and WHEREAS, the CMFA has established the Bond Opportunities for Land Development Program (the “BOLD Program”) to allow the financing of certain public facilities and/or certain development impact fees that finance public facilities levied by local agencies in the State through the levy of special taxes pursuant to the terms and provisions of the Mello-Roos Community Facilities Act of 1982, as amended; and WHEREAS, the City Council previously adopted Resolution No. 2021-148 on August 10, 2021, authorizing use of the BOLD Program within the City of Chula Vista (“City”), and further authorizing CMFA to accept applications from property owners related thereto; and WHEREAS, pursuant to Resolution No. 2021-148, CMFA was authorized to accept applications from property owners interested in participating in the BOLD Program, but the City Council held the ultimate determination as to whether to authorize use of the BOLD Program for any specific developer; and WHEREAS, the City Council has determined that it is in the City’s best interest to discontinue participation in the BOLD Program, and to notice both property owners and CMFA that it has decided to terminate any authority granted to CMFA to accept applications from property owners within Chula Vista seeking to participate in the BOLD Program; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council that participation in the BOLD Program by the City and property owners therein is hereby terminated. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED by the City Council that the above recitals are true and correct. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED by the City Council that authority granted to CMFA to accept applications from property owners seeking to participate in the BOLD Program for financing fees and/or improvements relating to property within the City of Chula Vista is hereby Page 31 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda terminated. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED by the City Council that Resolution No. 2021-148 is hereby rescinded, effective immediately. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED by the City Council that the actions taken pursuant to this Resolution shall not impact or affect any project or application for participation in the BOLD Program that the City Council has previously approved. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED by the City Council that this Resolution shall become effective upon its adoption. Presented by Approved as to form by Laura C. Black, AICP Jill D.S. Maland Director of Development Services Lounsbery Ferguson Altona & Peak Acting City Attorney Page 32 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda RESOLUTION NO. 2021-148 RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA, AUTHORIZING USE OF THE BOND OPPORTUNITIES FOR LAND DEVELOPMENT (“BOLD”) PROGRAM AND AUTHORIZING THE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL FINANCE AUTHORITY TO ACCEPT APPLICATIONS FROM PROPERTY OWNERS, CONDUCT PROCEEDINGS AND LEVY SPECIAL TAXES WITHIN THE TERRITORY OF CITY OF CHULA VISTA PURSUANT TO THE MELLO-ROOS COMMUNITY FACILITIES ACT OF 1982, AS AMENDED; AND AUTHORIZING RELATED ACTIONS WHEREAS, the City of Chula Vista (the “City”) is a municipal corporation and charter city duly organized and existing under and pursuant to the Constitution and the laws of the State of California (the “State”); and WHEREAS, the California Municipal Finance Authority (the “CMFA”) is a joint exercise of powers entity created pursuant to Articles 1, 2, 3 and 4 of Chapter 5 of Division 7 of Title 1 of the California Government Code (as amended from time to time, the “JPA Act”) the members of which include numerous cities, counties and other local agencies in the State; and WHEREAS, the CMFA has established the Bond Opportunities for Land Development Program (the “BOLD Program”) to allow the financing of certain public facilities and/or certain development impact fees that finance public facilities (together, the “Improvements”) levied by local agencies in the State through the levy of special taxes pursuant to the terms and provisions of the Mello-Roos Community Facilities Act of 1982, as amended (the “Act”); and WHEREAS, the City desires to allow the owners of property to be developed within the City to participate in the BOLD Program (“Participating Developers”) and to allow the CMFA to conduct proceedings under the Act, to form community facilities districts (“CFDs”) from time to time under the Act, to levy special taxes within such CFDs, and to issue bonds secured by such special taxes under the Act to finance the Improvements, provided that such Participating Developers voluntarily agree to participate and consent to the levy of such special taxes and the issuance of such bonds; and WHEREAS, property owners within the jurisdiction of the City may in the future elect to be Participating Developers upon obtaining approval of the CMFA and the City Council of the City (the “City Council”), the CMFA may conduct proceedings under the Act to form a CFD, levy special taxes within such CFD and issue bonds secured by such special taxes to finance Improvements; and WHEREAS, the City will not be responsible for the conduct of any proceedings under the Act for the formation of any CFD; the levy or collection of special taxes for any CFD or any required remedial action in the case of delinquencies in any special tax payments, or the issuance, sale or administration of any bonds issued in connection with the BOLD Program; and DocuSign Envelope ID: 926BEA1E-D65A-424A-ADE4-BF86FB5E38F8 Page 33 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Resolution No. 2021-148 Page No. 2 WHEREAS, upon obtaining approval of the City Council, CFDs formed through the BOLD Program, will allow for more efficient delivery of local agency services to residential and commercial development by not allocating City resources and City staff time to the formation and administration of the CFDs and to the issuance, sale or administration of any bonds issued in connection with the BOLD Program; and WHEREAS, the City is a member of the CMFA in good standing and the CFDs and the Improvements will be located within the boundaries of the City and, as a result, the City is authorized to conduct the public hearing required by Section 6586.5 of the JPA Act as a precondition to the issuance of bonds of the CMFA for CFDs formed though the BOLD Pro gram for Improvements in the boundaries of the City; and WHEREAS, notice of the public hearing related to the proposed financing of the Improvements though the BOLD Program was published in a newspaper of general circulation within the City at least five days prior to the public hearing as required by Section 6586.5 of the JPA Act; and WHEREAS, the City Council held a public hearing regarding the BOLD Program and the proposed financing of the Improvements by the CMFA through the issuance of bonds of the CMFA; and WHEREAS, the City Council has determined that it would be in the best interests of the City and residents of the City to approve the financing of the Improvements with proceeds of bonds of the CMFA and that such financing will provide significant public benefits of the type described in Section 6586 of the JPA Act. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista, that: SECTION 1. Each of the above recitals are true and correct. In accordance with the provisions of Section 6586.5 of the Act, the City Council hereby approves the financing of the Improvements with proceeds bonds of the CMFA in connection with the BOLD Program will result in significant public benefits of the types described in Section 6586 of the Act, including, but not limited to, more efficient delivery of local agency services to residential and commercial development. SECTION 2. The use of the BOLD Program in connection with the financing of Improvements is hereby authorized and approved. The City Manager, any Deputy City Manager, the Development Services Director or the Facilities Financing Manager (each an “Authorized Officer” and together the “Authorized Officers”) are hereby authorized to make the BOLD Program available as an option to property owners who are subject to the payment of fees for new development and/or who are conditioned to install public improvements in connection with new development; provided that the CMFA shall be responsible for providing applications and processing of documentation and related materials at its own expense and the applicant shall be responsible for any City costs related to the formation of each CFD. Each CFD shall be approved by the City Council prior to the CMFA considering a resolution of intention for such CFD. DocuSign Envelope ID: 926BEA1E-D65A-424A-ADE4-BF86FB5E38F8 Page 34 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Resolution No. 2021-148 Page No. 3 SECTION 3. In connection with the formation of each CFD or the issuance of bonds of a CFD from time to time by the CMFA for the BOLD Program, a form of acquisition agreement, joint community facilities agreement or similar agreement will be required to be entered into, and the form of such agreement will be subject to approval by the City Council. SECTION 4. This Resolution shall take effect immediately upon its adoption. The City Clerk is hereby authorized and directed to transmit a certified copy of this Resolution to the Secretary of the CMFA. SIGNATURES ON THE FOLLOWING PAGE] DocuSign Envelope ID: 926BEA1E-D65A-424A-ADE4-BF86FB5E38F8 Page 35 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Resolution No. 2021-148 Page No. 4 Presented by Approved as to form by Tiffany Allen Glen R. Googins Director of Development Services City Attorney PASSED, APPROVED, and ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista, California, this 10th day of August 2021 by the following vote: AYES: Councilmembers: Cardenas, Galvez, McCann, Padilla, and Casillas Salas NAYS: Councilmembers: None ABSENT: Councilmembers: None Mary Casillas Salas, Mayor ATTEST: Kerry K. Bigelow, MMC, City Clerk STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO ) CITY OF CHULA VISTA ) I, Kerry K. Bigelow, City Clerk of Chula Vista, California, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution No. 2021-148 was duly passed, approved, and adopted by the City Council at a regular meeting of the Chula Vista City Council held on the 10th day of August 2021. Executed this 10th day of August 2021. Kerry K. Bigelow, MMC, City Clerk DocuSign Envelope ID: 926BEA1E-D65A-424A-ADE4-BF86FB5E38F8 Page 36 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda v . 0 03 P a g e | 1 October 24, 2023 ITEM TITLE Community Facilities Districts: Amend City Council Policy No. 505-04, Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facility Districts Report Number: 23-0191 Location: No specific geographic location Department: Development Services Environmental Notice: The activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) State Guidelines; therefore, pursuant to State Guidelines Section 15060(c)(3) no environmental review is required. Recommended Action Adopt a resolution to amend City Council Policy No. 505-04, Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facility Districts. SUMMARY Community Facilities Districts (“CFDs”) are special tax districts used to finance the construction of public facilities and provide maintenance services within the City of Chula Vista. City Council Policy No. 505-04, Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding the Establishment of Community Facilities Districts (the "Goals and Policies") governs the use of CFDs in the City. Staff is recommending amendments to City Council Policy No. 505-04 to align with current standards and practices for the formation and implementation of CFDs. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW The Director of Development Services has reviewed the proposed activity for compliance with CEQA and has determined that the activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the State CEQA Guidelines because it will not result in a physical change in the environment; therefore, pursuant to Section 15060(c)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines, the activity is not subject to CEQA. Thus, no environmental review is required. BOARD/COMMISSION/COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION Not applicable. Page 37 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 2 DISCUSSION The Mello-Roos Community Facilities Act of 1982 (the "Mello-Roos Act") provides local jurisdictions with an alternative method of financing public capital facilities and services, especially in developing areas and areas undergoing rehabilitation. Special tax districts formed pursuant to the Mello-Roos Act are referred to as Community Facilities Districts, or CFDs. As a prerequisite to forming CFDs, the local jurisdiction must first consider and adopt local goals and policies concerning use of the Mello-Roos Act. On January 13, 1998, the City Council adopted the Goals and Policies via Resolution No. 18860. The approval of this document ratified the use of CFDs in the City of Chula Vista as a public financing mechanism for (1) the construction and/or acquisition of public infrastructure and (2) the financing of authorized public services. The Goals and Policies were subsequently amended in July 1998, December 1998, November 2013, and April 2019 via Resolution Nos. 19103, 19300, 2013-225, and 2019-051, respectively. CFDs have been used with great success in Chula Vista to construct public facilities and provide maintenances services. One of the benefits of CFDs is the ability to provide public facilities much sooner than would otherwise be possible with other financing tools. Additionally, maintenance CFDs fund services such as park, streetscape, trails, and open space maintenance that would otherwise be funded by the City’s General Fund. Currently the City has fifteen (15) CFDs for the construction of infrastructure and eighteen (18) CFDs which provide for ongoing maintenance of landscape, streetlights, open space, and parks. Staff is proposing changes to align the Goals and Policies with current industry standards and best practices. The substantive changes include the following: Allow CFDs to finance development impact fees. The Mello-Roos Act allows the financing of development impact fees (“DIFs”) which is currently precluded by the Goals and Policies, providing only for the construction and maintenance of public facilities. However, since DIFs also fund the construction of public facilities, it follows that DIFs may also be financed by CFD bonds. Pursuant to federal tax regulations, funds generated by tax-exempt bonds must be used to construct public facilities within three years to maintain their tax-exempt status. This is problematic if there are no facilities ready to be constructed by DIFs within that time frame. A way to avoid this tax concern is to issue taxable bonds. Therefore, when DIFs are financed by CFD bonds, the City, in its sole discretion, will determine which fees may be financed with taxable bonds and which may be financed with tax- exempt bonds. Allow escalation of special taxes for a limited timeframe. The Mello-Roos Act allows special taxes to escalate at a rate of 2% annually. The City’s current Goals and Policies do not allow any escalation of special taxes. This has the effect of limiting the total amount of bonds that may be issued and therefore the number of facilities to be constructed. The policy is proposed to be amended to allow escalation of special taxes, consistent with the Mello-Roos Act, for the first 11 years only. This is a reasonable approach to increasing the available funds for construction of facilities while protecting homeowners from an excessive special tax burden which could otherwise escalate for the term of the bonds, typically a term of 20-30 years. Page 38 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 3 Minor amendments include clean-up and clarification of disclosure requirements to home buyers, clarification that public parks may be maintained by CFDs, and items that simplify and streamline the administration process for formation. DECISION-MAKER CONFLICT Staff has reviewed the decision contemplated by this action and has determined that it is not site-specific and consequently, the real property holdings of the City Council members do not create a disqualifying real property-related financial conflict of interest under the Political Reform Act (Cal. Gov't Code § 87100, et seq.) Staff is not independently aware, and has not been informed by any City Council member, of any other fact that may constitute a basis for a decision-maker conflict of interest in this matter. CURRENT-YEAR FISCAL IMPACT There are no current year fiscal impacts to the General Fund or Development Services Fund as a result of this action. ONGOING FISCAL IMPACT There is no ongoing fiscal impact to the General Fund or Development Services Fund as a result of this action. ATTACHMENTS 1. Redline strikeout - City Council Policy No. 505-04, “Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts.” 2. City Council Policy No. 505-04, “Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts.” Staff Contact: Kimberly Elliott, Facilities Financing Manager, Development Services Laura C. Black, AICP, Director of Development Services Page 39 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda RESOLUTION NO. __________ RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA ADOPTING AMENDMENTS TO CITY COUNCIL POLICY NO. 505-04, STATEMENT OF GOALS AND POLICIES REGARDING ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMUNITY FACILITIES DISTRICTS WHEREAS, Chula Vista Municipal Code (“CVMC”) Section 2.04.010 authorizes the City Council to adopt, by resolution, necessary and desirable policies pursuant to the CVMC, and instructs that such policies shall be maintained in the City Council Policy Manual; and WHEREAS, the Mello-Roos Community Facilities Act of 1982 (the “Mello-Roos Act”) provides local jurisdictions an alternative method of financing certain public capital facilities and services, especially in developing areas and areas undergoing rehabilitation; and WHEREAS, as a prerequisite to forming Community Facilities Districts (“CFDs”) pursuant to the Mello-Roos Act, the local jurisdiction must first consider and adopt local goals and policies concerning use of the Mello-Roos Act; and WHEREAS, on January 13, 1998, the Council adopted the “City of Chula Vista Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding the Establishment of Community Facilities Districts” (the “Goals and Policies”) via Resolution No. 18860; and WHEREAS, the Goals and Policies were subsequently amended in July 1998, December 1998, and November 2013 via Resolution Nos. 19103, 19300, 2013-225, 2019-051, respectively; and WHEREAS, the City wishes to adopt amendments to City Council Policy No. 505-04 to align its policy with current industry standards and best practices, as set forth in Exhibit 1, attached hereto. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista, that it adopts amendments to City Council Policy No. 505-04, Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts. Presented by Approved as to form by Laura C. Black, AICP Jill D.S. Maland Director, Development Services Lounsbery Ferguson Altona & Peak Acting City Attorney Page 40 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 1 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) BACKGROUND The Mello-Roos Community Facilities Act of 1982 (the “Mello-Roos Act”) and Ordinance No. 2730, as amended from time to time and codified in Chapter 3.60 of the Chula Vista Municipal Code (the “CFD Ordinance”) allows for the creation of Community Facilities Districts (CFDs) to finance certain public capital facilities and services, especially in developing areas and areas undergoing rehabilitation. As a prerequisite to forming CFDs pursuant to the Mello-Roos Act, each local jurisdiction must first consider and adopt local goals and policies as described therein. The City first adopted the City of Chula Vista Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding the Establishment of Community Facilities Districts (the “Goals and Policies”) on January 13, 1998, via Resolution No. 18860. The Goals and Policies were subsequently amended in July 1998, December 1998, and November 2013, and April 9, 2019 via Resolution Nos. 19103, 19300, and 2013-225, and 2019-051 respectively. Inclusion of the “Goals and Policies” in the City Council Policy Manual is recommended and are applicable to CFDs formed under the Mello-Roos Act and the CFD Ordinance. PURPOSE The purpose of this Statement of Goals and Policies is to provide the City staff, the residents of the City, and the owners and developers of property located within the City with guidance in the application for, and consideration of, the establishment of community facilities districts for the purpose of financing or assisting in financing the acquisition or construction of public infrastructure or the provision of authorized public services to benefit and serve either existing or new development or a combination thereof. The underlying principals behind this policy are the protection of the public interest, assuring fairness in the application of special taxes to current and future property owners, assuring full disclosure of the existence of any special tax liens, ensuring the creditworthiness of any community facilities district special tax bonds, protecting the City's credit rating and financial position and assuring that applicants for all community facilities district proceedings other than City initiated proceedings pay all costs associated with the formation of any community facilities district. POLICY The City Council of the City of Chula Vista (hereafter the “City Council”) hereby establishes and states its goals and policies concerning the use of Chapter 2.5 of Part I of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code of the State of California (hereafter the “Act”) in providing adequate public infrastructure improvements and public services for the City of Chula Vista (the “City”). The following goals and policies shall apply to all community facilities districts hereafter formed or proposed to be formed by the City. Any policy or goal stated herein may be supplemented or amended by resolution Page 41 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 2 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) of the City Council. The scope of this policy is limited to the proposed formation of community facilities districts for the limited purpose of financing or assisting in financing the acquisition or construction of public infrastructure, development impact fees (“DIFs”) applicable to public infrastructure and/or the provision of authorized public services. Introductory Statement The City will consider applications initiated by owners or developers of vacant property proposed to be developed, owners of property within existing developed areas, registered voters residing in existing developed areas, or the City itself for the establishment of community facilities districts to finance authorized public improvements or to provide authorized public services which benefit or serve existing or new development or a combination thereof. A community facilities district or an improvement area within a community facilities district proposed to be established to finance public improvements, DIFs or authorized services to serve new development may be referred to as a “Development Related CFD.” Each application for the establishment of a community facilities district must comply with the applicable goals and policies contained herein unless the City Council expressly grants an exception to such policy or policies as they apply to a specific application. Finding of Public Interest or Benefit The City Council may authorize the initiation of proceedings to form a community facilities district to finance authorized public improvements, related DIFs or to provide authorized public services if the City Council determines that the public improvements and related DIFS, to be financed or public services to be provided or, in the case of a Development Related CFD, the attributes of the new development will provide, in the opinion of the City Council, a public benefit to the community at large as well as the benefit to be derived by the properties within the community facilities district. Examples of public benefit to the community at large may include, but are not limited to the following: 1. Construction of a major public facility which meets a community need including, but not limited to, a major arterial which will provide a vital roadway facility to alleviate congestion, water storage facilities which will remedy inadequate fire flow, and storm drainage facilities which are a part of the storm drainage master plan. 2. Provision of public infrastructure sooner than would otherwise be required for a particular development project. Page 42 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 3 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) 3. Construction of public infrastructure to serve commercial or industrial projects which will expand the City's employment and/or sales tax base. 4. Provision of maintenance or other authorized public services such as landscaping, lighting, storm drain, flood control or open space maintenance necessary to promote or maintain quality of life and public safety within existing or developing areas of the City. 4.5. Provision of maintenance at public parks. Authorized Public Facilities Improvements proposed to be financed through a community facilities district must be public improvements which will be owned, operated or maintained by the City or another public agency or public utility or to which the City is authorized to contribute rev enue. The types of improvements eligible to be financed must serve a whole neighborhood or commercial or industrial area or greater. Such improvements include: 1. Streets and highways satisfying one or more of the following criteria: A. identified in the Circulation Element of the City as collectors or arterials; B. no direct access by abutting properties; or C. minimum daily traffic volume of 3,500 ADT. C.D. Located within a City park or a portion thereof. 2. Sewer lines or other sewer facilities serving a minimum of 500 single family dwellings or equivalent dwelling units or such other area of the community as the City Manager, or his or her designee, may determine to otherwise be consistent with the intent of these goals and policies to be located within authorized streets and highways or within other public rights-of-way shown on the master plan of sewer facilities. 3. Water mains with a minimum diameter of 10" or other water facilities to be located within authorized streets and highways or within other public rights-of-way shown on the master plan of water facilities. 4. Drainage facilities serving a minimum of 100 acres or such other area of the community as the City Manager, or his or her designee, may determine to otherwise be consistent with the intent of these goals and policies or draining an eligible street. 5. Landscaping and irrigation facilities meeting one of the following criteria: Page 43 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 4 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) A. Located within the right-of-way of a street or highway shown on the Circulation Element of the City's General Plan; B. Located adjacent to an adopted scenic route; or C. Located within dedicated open space. 6. Reclaimed water facilities serving an area which benefits the area within the proposed community facilities district. 7. Dry utilities serving a minimum of 500 single family dwelling units or equivalent dwelling units or such other area of the community as the City Manager, or his or her designee, may determine to otherwise be consistent with the intent of these goals and policies; provided, however, the amount of special tax bond proceeds allocable to such dry utilities may not exceed that amount permitted under Federal tax law and regulations to ensure the tax exempt status of interest on the applicable special tax bonds. 8. Grading for eligible public streets; provided, however, grading for a Development Related CFD must meet one of the following criteria: A. Grading within the vertical planes of the right-of-way; B. Slopes to City-owned open space or open space easement areas; or C. Offsite roadway grading. If the cut and fill within (A) and (B) do not balance, the cost of excavating, hauling and compacting fill in the street is authorized to be financed. If there is excess material in the street right-of-way, only the cost of excavating and hauling to private property within the development project is eligible to be financed. The determination of balance will be made on a total eligible street grading basis, not on an individual street basis. 9. Such other improvements as may be authorized by law and which the City Council determines are consistent with the policies herein. The City Council shall have the final determination as to the eligibility of any improvement for financing, as well as the prioritization of financing of such improvements. Generally, “in-tract” (e.g., local streets or utilities) improvements which serve residential development will not be considered eligible to be financed through a community facilities district unless requested by the owners or registered voters of an existing residential development to remedy a threat, found to exist by the City Council, to the public health or safety resulting from an existing deficiency in public improvements to Page 44 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 5 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) serve such existing development. Any public improvements proposed to be financed through a community facilities district must meet all design and construction requirements and standards as may be established by the City. Any public improvement, the construction of which is completed following the adoption of the resolution of formation of a community facilities district, proposed to be acquired by the City from the owner or developer of property within a Development Related CFD must be constructed as if such improvements had been constructed under the direction and supervision, or under the authority of, the City. Public improvements proposed to be acquired from the proceeds of special tax bonds or special taxes shall not be acquired until all improvements for a particular Project (as defined below) are completed and accepted by the City and the City Manager, or his or her designee, has certified the final cost of such improvements. For purposes of this paragraph, a “Project” shall be defined as all improvements within a particular street or easement including street improvements, sewer, drainage, utili ties and grading and which are authorized to be acquired by the community facilities district pursuant to an acquisition and financing agreement by and between the City, acting on behalf of itself and the community facilities district, and the property owner or developer who is responsible for the construction of the public improvements (the “'Acquisition/Financing Agreement”). If improvements within more than one (1) Project are authorized to be acquired through the community facilities district, then the improvements within each Project may be acquired separately as all improvements within such Project are completed and accepted by the City and the final costs certified. Each Project established for any community facilities district and all improvements included within each such Project must be described in the Acquisition/Financing Agreement for such community facilities district. If the Acquisition/Financing Agreement has established more than one (1) Project for any community facilities district, the Acquisition/Financing Agreement may authorize the partial release of funds to pay for the acquisition of each Project when such Project is completed and accepted by the City. The City Council may, in its sole discretion, elect to deviate from or waive the foregoing policy in its consideration of the approval of an Acquisition/Financing Agreement for a community facilities district to authorize the payment of the purchase price for each discrete component of a Project, i.e., an individual improvement within a Project such as a sewer line within a Project which also includes street, water and drainage improvements. In electing to deviate from or waive the foregoing policy, the City Council may condition the payment of the purchase price for discrete components as the City Council deems necessary to ensure the financial integrity of the community facilities district financing. Authorized DIFs Page 45 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 6 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) The following DIFs may be financed: 1. Eastern Transportation DIF (ETDIF) 2. Western Transportation DIF (WTDIF) 3. Bayfront Transportation DIF (BFDIF) 4. Sewer Capacity Fees and Sewer Basin DIFs 5. Public Facilities DIF (PFDIF) 6. Traffic Signal Fees 7. Parkland Acquisition & Development Fees (PAD) Including other DIFs applicable to public infrastructure that may be enacted by the City Council in the future and determined by the City Manager to be eligible to be financed by CFD. Financing of DIFs applicable to public infrastructure will generally be on a taxable, rather than tax - exempt, basis, unless, at the City’s discretion, individual circumstances permit tax-exempt financing of the DIFs being considered. According to the City’s municipal code DIFs are due at the time of building permit issuance and some may be deferred to final inspection. If proceeds of special tax bonds proposed t o be used to pay DIFs are not available at time of building permit issuance or final inspection, the developer of property within a Development Related CFD will be required to provide liquid security for the payment of the DIFs in the event that the of spe cial tax bonds are not issued within 18 months of final inspection. Timeframe for bond issuance may be extended by the City Manager or designee in his/her sole discretion. Acceptable forms of liquid security including cash or an irrevocable letter of credi t, but not bonds or set-aside letters, in an amount equal to the remaining amount of the DIFs. Prioritization of Public Improvements It is the policy of the City to apply proceeds of any CFD financing to first fund give first priority to the provision of public improvements benefiting the City and any DIFs relating to public improvements within the City. After provision is made for such funding, proceeds of any CFD may be applied to in any community facilities district established by the City. It is secondarily the policy of the City, in any community facilities district established by the City, to assist in the provision of other public improvements to be owned, operated or maintained by other public agencies or pub lic utilities, as provided in a joint community facilities agreement. Authorized Public Services Public services proposed to be financed through a community facilities district may include: Page 46 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 7 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) 1. Maintenance of parkways, medians and open space, including but no t limited to, maintenance of walls, fences, trail systems, pedestrian access systems and other facilities within such open space, maintenance and preservation of habitat within such open space, and biota and other forms of monitoring of plants, wildlife, use of wildlife corridors and habitat quality as a part of any such open space maintenance program. 1.2. Maintenance of public parks, including but not limited to park frontages, planting and irrigation, hardscape, flatwork, site furniture, metal work, site amenities/features, trails, structures, athletic facilities, bio-retention facilities, and storm water maintenance. 2.3. Maintenance of naturalized drainage and flood control facilities including, but not limited to, channels and detention and desiltation basins. 3.4. Such other services as may be authorized by the Mello-Roos Act or by ordinance of the City adopted pursuant to the charter authority of the City and which the City Council determines are consistent with the goals and policies herein and are in the best interest of the City and the residents and property owners within the community facilities district. Incidental Costs Eligible Incidental Costs Eligible incidental costs which may be financed from the proceeds of special tax bonds issued for a Development Related CFD or the special tax levied within a Development Related CFD shall be limited to those incidental costs directly related to the improvements financed from the proceeds of such special tax bonds or special tax revenues and may include: 1. Usual and customary design and engineering costs including: not to exceed the following percentages: A. Civil engineering - 7.5% of the cost of the improvements for which the engineering was performed. B. Soils engineering - 15% of the cost of the applicable grading. C. Landscape architecture - 10% of the cost of the applicable landscaping and irrigation. D. Surveying and construction staking - 2% of the combined cost of the civil engineering improvements and grading for the applicable street and wet utilities. Page 47 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 8 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) E. Utility engineering/coordination - 3% of the cost of the applicable dry utilities. 2. Construction administration and supervision not to exceed, in aggregate, 1.75% of the total construction cost of the applicable public improvements. 3. Special engineering studies related to "collector" or "transmission" facilities. Eligibility of such studies must be reviewed and approved by the Director of Development Services, or his or her designee. 4. Plan check and inspection fees (less any refunds). 5. Capacity or connection fees related solely to the public improvements being acquired or constructed as permitted under the Mello-Roos Act. 6. Capitalized interest on any community facilities district special tax bonds as authorized by the City Council pursuant to these goals and policies. 7. Costs of acquisition of off-site rights-of-way and/or easements including the following: A. Appraisal costs, including title reports. B. Costs of preparing acquisition plats. C. Appraised value or actual cost of right-of-way or easement, whichever is less. D. Legal fees and cost related to eminent domain proceedings approved by the City Attorney. 8. Reimbursement of funds advanced by the applicant to pay for (i) preformation costs and/or (ii) costs of issuance incurred by or on behalf of the City. 9. Costs of environmental review, permitting and mitigation limited to the specific public improvements proposed to be financed through the community facilities district. The costs associated with item (1) and (2) above shall not exceed a total of 3 5% of total improvement costs financed. Unless specified otherwise above, the City Manager, or his or her designee, shall review all incidental costs to ensure that such costs are customary and reasonable. Ineligible Incidental Costs The following costs are not eligible to be financed from the proceeds of community facilities district special tax bonds: 1. Development impact fees; provided, however, the City Council may, in its sole discretion, grant credit in an amount not to exceed the obligation for the payment o f such fees if Page 48 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 9 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) improvements which would otherwise be financed from the proceeds of such fees are financed from the proceeds of community facilities district special tax bonds or special taxes. 2.1. Administrative or overhead expenses, financial or legal fees incurred by an applicant for the formation of a community facilities district. This limitation does not apply to amounts advanced by the applicant to the City pursuant to the provisions of this policy to pay for preformation costs incurred by the City. (See “Preformation Cost Deposits and Reimbursements” below.) 3.2. Land use planning and subdivision costs and environmental review costs related to such land use planning and subdivision. 4.3. Planning Studies unless off-site. 5.4. Environmental impact reports unless off-site. 6.5. Construction loan interest. 7.6. Subdivision financial analysis. 8.7. Attorneys’ fees related to the land use entitlement or subdivision process unless off-site. 9.8. On site right-of-way and easements. 10.9. Any compensation payable to the City as consideration for the City's agreement to provide the financing mechanism for the financing of the authorized improvements and eligible incidental expenses and to acquire the authorized improvements pursuant to the terms and conditions of an agreement with the City and the property owner or developer as appropriate. 11.10. Other overhead expenses incurred by the applicant. Required Value-To-Debt Ratio It is the policy of the City that the value-to-debt ratio for a community facilities district must be at least 4:1. The calculated value-to-debt ratio shall reflect the full cash value of the properties subject to the levy of special taxes, including the value of the improvements to be financed from the proceeds of the issue or series of special tax bonds for which the value-to-debt ratio is being computed, compared to the aggregate amount of the special tax lien proposed to be created plus any prior fixed assessment liens and/or special tax liens. The required value-to-debt ratio shall be determined with respect to all taxable property within the community facilities district in the aggregate and with respect to each development area for which no final subdivision map has been filed. A community facilities district with a value-to-debt ratio of less than 4:1 but equal to or greater than Page 49 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 10 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) 3:1 may be approved, in the sole discretion of the City Council, upon a determination by the City Manager, after consultation with the Finance Director, the bond counsel, the underwriter and the financial advisor, that a value-to-debt ratio of less than 4:1 is financially prudent under the circumstances of the particular community facilities district. In addition, the City Council may, in its sole discretion, accept a form or forms of credit enhancement such as a letter of credit, bond insurance or the escrow of bond proceeds to offset a deficiency in the required value-to-debt ratio as it applies to the taxable property within the community facilities district in the aggregate or with respect to any development area. The value-to-debt ratio shall be determined based upon the full cash value of the properties subject to the levy of the special tax as shown on the ad valorem assessment roll or upon an appraisal of the properties proposed to be assessed; provided, however, the City Manager may require that the value- to-debt ratio be determined by an appraisal if, in his or her judgement, the assessed values of the properties proposed to be assessed do not reflect the current full cash value of such properties. The appraisal shall be coordinated by, done under the direction of, and addressed to the City. The appraisal shall be undertaken by a state certified real estate appraiser, as defined in Business and Professions Code Section 11340. The appraiser shall be selected and retained by the City or the City's financial advisor. The costs associated with the preparation of the appraisal report shall be paid by the applicant for the community facilities district and shall be subject to possible reimbursement as provided for herein. The appraisal shall be conducted in accordance with assumptions and criteria established by the City, based upon generally accepted appraisal standards or state recommended standards for similar appraisals conducted for the same purpose. The City reserves the right to require a market absorption study for any Development Related CFD. In any such case the City shall retain, at the applicant's sole expense but subject to reimbursement as provided for herein, a consultant to prepare a report to verify or establish the projected market absorption for and the projected sales prices of the properties proposed to be included within the community facilities district. If a market absorption study is conducted, the appraiser shall utilize the conclusions of the market absorption study in conducting the appraisal of the properties within the proposed community facilities district or shall justify, to the satisfaction of the City Manager, why such conclusions were not utilized in conducting such appraisal. Criteria for Appraisals Definition of Appraisal For purposes of these goals and policies, an appraisal shall mean a written statement independently and Page 50 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 11 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) impartially prepared by a qualified appraiser setting forth an opinion of defined value of an adequately described property as of a specific date, supported by the presentation and analysis of relevant market information. Contents of the Appraisal An appraisal should reflect nationally recognized appraisal standards, including, to the extent appropriate, the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice. An appraisal must contain sufficient documentation, including valuation data and the appraiser's analysis of such data, to support the appraiser's opinion of value. At a minimum, the appraisal shall contain the following: 1. Purpose of the Appraisal. This should include the reason for the appraisal, a definition of all values required, and the property rights being appraised. 2. Area, City and Neighborhood Data. These data should include such information as directly affects the appraised property together with the appraiser's conclusions as to significant trends. 3. Property Data. This should include a detailed physical description of the property, its size, shape, soil conditions, topography, improvements, and other physical characteristics which affect the property being appraised. The availability, capacity of, and proximity to, utilities and other infrastructure should also be discussed. 4. Title Condition. The condition of title to the property appraised should be discussed based upon the appraiser’s examination of a title report of the property appraised. The appraiser should analyze and discuss those title issues which are concluded to impact the value of the property being appraised. 5. Improvement Condition. A. The appraiser shall value the property within the community facilities district on an “as-is” basis taking into consideration the value associated with the public improvements to be funded from the proceeds of the issue of bonds for which the appraisal is being undertaken. The property in the community facilities district shall be valued as if it were free and clear of any special taxes and assessments, if any, so that a proper comparison of value-to-debt can be determined. In determining his or her conclusion of value, the appraiser may consider the value of the property in the community facilities district under different market conditions. This may consist of valuing the property as if it Page 51 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 12 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) were sold to a single purchaser in bulk or sold to several purchasers in portions or pieces. B. Land parcels which have been developed with residences and subsequently sold should at a minimum indicate land parcel size, number of lots, density, number of plans, square footage, room counts, year construction was initiated, year of completion, and when sales were initiated. C. Land parcels with residential product under construction or with standing inventory should be described as in A. above and include a summary of the stage of development regarding the number of units completed, number of models, status of units under construction, finished lots and mass-graded or raw lots. In addition, a comment on the marketability of the units (architecture, size, etc.) is appropriate. D. Land parcels which have been developed with income-producing (or owner- occupied) commercial/retail, industrial, hotels, apartments, offices, etc., should be described as follows: i. Commercial-Retail - Land parcel size; basic construction type; typical tenant improvements (and who is responsible for their construction); leasable area, when construction was initiated; and date of completion. ii. Industrial - Land parcel size; basic construction type, whether single or multi-tenant; typical office build-out as percentage of total area, when construction was initiated; and date of completion. iii. Hotels – Land parcel size; basic construction type; number of rooms; dining, recreation, convention space, meeting rooms, and other amenities. iv. Apartments - Land parcel size; basic construction type; number of stories; number of units; unit mix; size; total rentable area, when construction was initiated; and date of completion. v. Office - Land parcel size; basic construction type; typical tenant improvements/allowance; net rentable area, when construction was initiated; and date of completion. Page 52 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 13 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) 6. General Plan Classification. Describe the General Plan classification of the subject and comparable properties. 7. Zoning. Describe the zoning for the subject and comparable properties. Note any discrepancy between General Plan classification and zoning. If rezoning is imminent, discuss further under Item 8 below. 8. Analysis of Highest and Best Use. The report should state and support the highest and best use to which a property can be put and recognize that land is appraised as though vacant and available for development to its highest and best use, and the improvements are based on their actual contribution to the site. 9. Statement of Value. The appraiser's opinion of the value of the specified property rights, prepared according to all relevant and reliable approaches to value consistent with commonly accepted professional appraisal practices. If a discounted cash flow analysis is used, it should be supported by at least one other valuation method such as sales comparison approach utilizing sales of properties that are in the same stage of development. If more than one valuation approach is used, the appraiser shall include an analysis and reconciliation of such approaches to support the appraiser's opinion of value. 10. Certification. Certification of appraiser and permission to reproduce and use the appraisal report as required for bond issuance. Maximum Aggregate Taxes and Assessments It is the policy of the City that the maximum annual special tax installment applicable to any parcel used for residential purposes (not including motels, hotels, campsites, or other short-term lodging, as determined by the City) shall not exceed one percent (1%) of the sale price of newly developed properties subject to the levy of the special tax (the “Newly Developed Properties”) as of the date of the close of escrow of the initial sale of any residential dwelling unit to such residential home owner. As a distinct and separate requirement, the total of the following taxes, assessments described in 4. below and special taxes appearing on the property tax bill, shall not exceed two (2%) of such initial sales price of Newly Developed Properties: 1. Ad valorem property taxes. 2. Voter approved ad valorem property taxes in excess of one percent (1%) of the assessed value of the subject properties. 3. The maximum annual special taxes levied by the community facilities district under consideration and any other community facilities district or other public agency excepting therefrom Page 53 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 14 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) special taxes levied by a community facilities district formed or under consideration for formation for the purpose of providing services such as open space maintenance, landscape maintenance and preserve maintenance. No reduction from such annual special tax shall be permitted for credits by school districts for general obligation bond ad valorem taxes levied by school districts. 4. The annual assessment installments, including any administrative surcharge, for any existing assessment district where such assessment installments are utilized to pay debt service on bonds issued for such assessment district. Annual assessment installments for maintenance and services shall not be included in the assessments calculated in determining the aggregate tax, assessment and special tax obligation for a parcel. The applicant for the establishment of any Development Related CFD which includes residential development subject to the foregoing limitations shall be required to enter into an agreement with the City or the community facilities district or otherwise provide for in the Rate and Method of Apportionment of Special Tax requiring the prepayment by the applicant of that portion of the special tax obligation applicable to any parcel used for residential purposes in order to reduce the annual maximum special tax obligation so that the maximum annual special tax installment shall not exceed 1% of the sales price for such parcel and the total taxes, assessments and special taxes does not exceed 2% of such sales price, or otherwise provided for in the Rate and Method of Apportionment of Special Tax a reduction in the maximum special tax obligation so that the total taxes, assessments and special taxes does not exceed 2% of such sales price. Special Tax Requirements The rate and method of apportionment of the special tax for any community facilities district shall adhere to the following requirements: 1. The maximum special tax shall be adequate to include an amount necessary to pay for the expenses incurred by such community facilities district in the levy and collection of the special tax and the administration of the special tax bonds and the community facilities district. 2. The maximum projected annual special tax revenues must equal 110% of the projected annual gross debt service on any bonds of the community facilities district. 3. A backup special tax shall be required for any Development Related CFD to protect against changes in density resulting in the generation of insufficient special tax revenues to pay annual debt service and administrative expenses, unless the City Manager, or his or her designee, based on the advice of the financial advisor, special tax consultant or underwriter determines that a backup speci al Page 54 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 15 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) tax is not needed under the special tax formula for such Development Related CFD. The City Council may additionally or alternatively require that as a condition of approval of the downsizing of the development in a Development Related CFD at the request of the applicant or the applicant's successor- in-interest, the applicant or the applicant's successor-in-interest, as applicable, may be required to prepay such portion of the special tax obligation as may be necessary in the determination of the City to ensure that adequate debt service coverage exists with respect to any outstanding bonds or otherwise provides security in a form and amount deemed necessary by the City Council to provide for the payment of debt service on the bonds. 4. All developed and undeveloped property within any community facilities district which is not otherwise statutorily exempt from the levy of special taxes shall bear its appropriate share of the community facilities district’s aggregate special tax obligation from the date of formation of the community facilities district consistent with the other goals and policies set forth herein. 5. A partial and/or total prepayment option or a reduction of maximum special tax shall be included in any rate and method of apportionment of special taxes to pay for public facilities. No prepayment shall be permitted of a special tax levied to finance authorized services and/or maintenance. 6. The maximum special tax may escalate 2% per annum for 11 years, with escalation commencing in the fiscal year following the adoption of the RMA. The maximum special tax shall be levied against any parcel used for private residential purposes in the first fiscal year following the fiscal year in which the building permit for the construction of a residential dwelling unit on such parcel is issued. to pay for public facilities shall be levied against any parcel used for private residential purposes in the first fiscal year following the fiscal year in which the building permit for the construction of a residential dwelling unit on such parcel is issued and such maximum special tax may not escalate after the first fiscal year in which such special tax is so levied. 7. The rate and method of apportionment of a special tax to pay for public facilities shall specify a fiscal year beyond which the special tax may not be levied on any parcel used for private residential purposes. A special tax to pay for public services and/or maintenance shall have no termination date unless established by the City Council. 8. The rate and method of apportionment of a special tax to pay for public services and/or maintenance shall include life-cycle replacement costs for maintained facilities, as determined by the City Manager, or his or her designee. 9. The rate and method of apportionment of a special tax to pay for public services and/or maintenance shall authorize annual inflationary adjustments to the maximum special tax. The Page 55 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 16 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) authorized adjustments shall be based upon industry standard published indices, or such other data as may be approved by the City Manager, or his or her designee. In all instances, it shall be the policy of the City to employ the most specific applicable index. Examples include applying the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers to labor costs and applying the Construction Cost Index to asset replacement costs. Terms and Conditions of Special Tax Bonds All terms and conditions of any special tax bonds issued by the City for any community facilities district, including, without limitation, the sizing, timing, term, interest rates, discount, redemption features, flow of funds, investment provisions and foreclosure covenants, shall be established by the City. Each special tax bond issue shall be structured to adequately protect bond owners and to avoid negatively impacting the bonding capacity or credit worthiness of the City. Unless otherwise approved by the City Council, the following shall serve as minimum bond requirements: 1. A reserve fund shall be established for each bond issue to be funded out of the bond proceeds in an amount equal to 10% of the original proceeds of the bonds or such lesser amount as may be required by federal tax law. 2. Interest shall be capitalized for a bond issue only so long as necessary to place the special tax installments on the assessment roll; provided, however, interest may be capitalized for a term to be established in the sole discretion of the City Council on a case-by-case basis, not to exceed an aggregate of 24 months, taking into consideration the value-to-debt ratio, the expected timing of initial occupancy dates for the private improvements being constructed, expected absorption and buildout of the project, the expected construction and completion schedule for the public improvements to be funded from the proceeds of the bond issue in question, the size of the bond issue, the development pro forma and the equity position of the applicant and such other factors as the City Council may deem relevant. 3. In instances where multiple series of bonds are to be issued, the City shall determine what improvements shall be financed from the proceeds of each series of bonds. 4. Neither the faith, credit or taxing power of the City shall be pledged to the payment of the bonds. The sole source of revenue for the payment of the bonds shall be the special taxes, capitalized interest, if any, and moneys on deposit in the reserve fund established for such bonds. Discharge of Special Tax Obligation It is the policy of the City that the special tax obligation related to the financing of the acquisition or Page 56 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 17 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) construction of public improvements may be prepaid and discharged in whole or in part at any time. The applicant for the formation of a Development Related CFD must provide notice and opportunity for the purchasers of property within such community facilities district to prepay the special tax obligation applicable to such property at the time of the close of escrow. The applicant for the formation of a Development Related CFD must prepare and present a plan, satisfactory to the City Council, prior to the public hearing to consider the formation of such community facilities district describing how the prospective purchaser will be notified of the existence of the special tax lien and the options which the prospective purchaser has regarding the prepayment and discharge of the special tax obligation. Disclosure Requirements to Prospective Property Purchasers in Development Related CFD's 1. Disclosure Requirements for Developers. Developers who are selling lots or parcels that are within a Development Related CFD shall provide disclosure notice to prospective purchasers that complies with all of the requirements of Section 53341.5 of the Government Code, as well as disclose any option to prepay the special tax, whether at escrow closing or in the future. The disclosure notice must be provided to prospective purchasers of property at or prior to the time the contract or deposit receipt for the purchase of property is executed. Developers shall keep an executed copy of each disclosure document as evidence that disclosure has been provided to all purchasers of property within a Development Related CFD. Developer shall transmit a copy of such disclosure documents upon closing of the first escrow to homebuyer and shall further transmit a copy of such disclosure documents for any subsequent closing to the extent such disclosure documents have been materially amended. Developer shall be solely responsible for the content and delivery of such disclosure documents, and for any damages due as a result of failure to comply with Section 53341.5, and the obligation to transmit copies of such disclosure documents in no way transfers responsibility or liability to the City. To that end, the City may require that the Developer indemnify the City from any claims relating to such disclosure documents. 2. Disclosure Requirements for the Resale of Lots. Upon request, the City Finance Department shall provide a notice of special taxes to sellers of property (other than developers) which will enable them to comply with their notice requirements under Section 1102.6 of the Civil Code. This notice shall be provided by the City within five working days of receiving a written request for the notice. A reasonable fee may be charged for providing the notice, not to exceed any maximum fee specified in the Mello-Roos Act. Page 57 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 18 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) 3. Compliance With Federal Securities Laws. The City shall use all reasonable means to ensure compliance with applicable federal securities laws in connection with the issuance of debt and the provision of annual information regarding any Development Related CFD established by the City with respect to which bonds have been issued, including requiring any developer in a Development Related CFD who is material to the bond issue to transmit appropriate information to the City or its designee for disclosure to bond investors. The applicant for the formation of a Development Related CFD will be required to demonstrate to the satisfaction of the City Manager (when the term City Manager is used herein it shall mean the City Manager or his or her designee) that there will be full disclosure of the special tax obligation for such community facilities district and of any and all other special taxes or assessments on individual parcels to prospective purchasers or lessees of property within such community facilities district, includi ng interim purchasers, merchant builders, residential homeowners and commercial or industrial purchasers or lessees. Such notice must include all of the following in addition to such other provisions as may be required by the Mello-Roos Act, the Municipal Code of the City or the applicant may deem necessary: 1. Provide for full disclosure of the existence of the special tax lien and any other assessment or special tax obligation applicable to the properties within the community facilities district (whether imposed by the City or any other public agency), including the principal amount of the special tax obligation and any other applicable assessment or special tax obligation, term of each of the assessment or special tax liens and the amount of the expected payments of the special taxes and the maximum authorized special tax. 2. Disclose the option to prepay the special tax to pay for public facilities or allow the special tax to pay for public facilities to be passed through to the purchaser of such property and t he adjustment, if any, in the sales price of the homes or other property which will apply if the special tax lien is passed through. Provide the ability for the prospective purchaser to elect to exercise the option either to prepay the special tax obligation for facilities at the close of escrow or to have the special taxes included in the property taxes for the property. Such disclosure shall be placed in all sales brochures, all other on-site advertising and all purchase documents. 3. Specify in all disclosure documents the name, title, telephone number and address of a representative of the City as provided to the applicant who may be contacted by any prospective purchaser of property within the community facilities district for further information regarding the community facilities district and the special tax liens. Page 58 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 19 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) The applicant must agree to provide an original copy of all applicable disclosure documents to the City prior to initiating property sales. Preformation Cost Deposits and Reimbursements Except for those applications for community facilities districts where the City is the applicant, all City and consultant costs incurred in the evaluation of applications and the proceedings to form a community facilities district and issue special tax bonds therefor will be paid by the applicant by advance deposit with the City of moneys sufficient to pay all such costs. Each application for the formation of a community facilities district shall be accompanied by an initial deposit in an amount to be determined by the City Manager to be adequate to fund the evaluation of the application and undertake the proceedings to form the community facilities district and issue the special tax bonds therefor. The City Manager may, in his or her sole discretion, permit an ap plicant to make periodic deposits to cover such expenses rather than a single lump sum deposit; provided, however, no preformation costs shall be incurred by the City in excess of the amount then on deposit for such purposes. If additional funds are required to pay required preformation costs, the City Manager may make written demand upon the applicant for such additional funds and the applicant shall deposit such additional funds with the City within five (5) working days of the date of receipt of such demand. Upon the depletion of the funds deposited by applicant for preformation costs, all proceedings shall be suspended until receipt by the City of such additional funds as the City Manager may demand. The deposits shall be used by the City to pay for costs and expenses incurred by the City incident to the evaluation of the application and the proceedings for the formation of the community facilities district and the issuance of the special tax bonds therefor, including, but not limited to, legal, special tax consultant, engineering, appraisal, market absorption, financial advisor, administrative and staff costs and expenses, required notifications, printing and publication costs. The City shall refund any unexpended portion of the deposits upon the occurr ence of one of the following events: 1. The formation of the community facilities district or the issuance of the special tax bonds; 2. The formation of the community facilities district or the issuance of the special tax bonds is disapproved by the City Council; 3. The proceedings for the formation of the community facilities district and the issuance of the special tax bonds are abandoned at the written request of the applicant; or Page 59 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 20 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) 4. The City has determined that the special tax bonds will not be issued and sold. Except as otherwise provided herein, the applicant shall be entitled, at the option of the applicant, to reimbursement of, or credit against, special taxes for all amounts deposited with the City to pay for costs incident to the evaluation of the application and the proceedings for the formation of the community facilities district and the issuance of the special tax bonds therefor upon the formation of the community facilities district and the successful issuance and sale of the special tax bonds for the community facilities district. Any such reimbursement shall be payable solely from the proceeds of the special tax bonds. The City shall not accrue or pay interest on any moneys deposited with the City. Selection of Consultants The City shall select and retain all consultants necessary for the evaluation of any application and the proceedings for the formation of a community facilities district and the issuance of the special tax bonds therefor, including, but not limited to, special tax consultant, bond counsel, financial advisor, underwriter, appraiser, and market absorption analyst after consultation with the applicant. Land Use Approvals Properties proposed to be included in a Development Related CFD must have received such discretionary land use approvals as may, in the determination of the City Manager, or his or her designee, be necessary to enable the City to adequately evaluate the community facilities district including the properties to be included and the improvements proposed to be financ ed. The City will issue bonds secured by the levy of special taxes within a Development Related CFD when (i) the properties included within such community facilities district have received those applicable discretionary land use approvals which would permit the development of such properties consistent with the assumptions utilized in the development of the rate and method of apportionment of the special taxes for such community facilities district; (ii) applicable environmental review has been completed; and (iii) the City has determined that the other prerequisites to a bond sale have been satisfied. Approval of a Development Related CFD does not vest any right to develop in accordance with existing land use approvals or regulations, nor does it constitute an approval of, or obligate the City to approve, any other entitlement, including without limitation zoning, specific plan, subdivision, or specific plan amendment. It is the policy of the City Council in granting approval for development such as zoning, specific plan or subdivision approval to grant such approval as a part of the City’s ongoing planning and land use approval process. In granting such approval, the City reserves such rights as may be Page 60 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 21 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) permitted by law to modify such approvals in the future as the City Council determines the public health, safety, welfare and interest may require. Such approval when granted is subject to a condition that the construction of any part of the development does not, standing alone, grant any rights to complete the development of the remainder of such development. Construction of public improvements to serve undeveloped land financed through a community facilities district shall not vest any rights to the then existing land use approvals for the property assessed for such improvements or to any particular level, type or intensity of development or use. Applicants for a Development Related CFD must include an express acknowledgment of this policy and shall expressly waive on their behalf and on behalf of their successors and assigns any cause of action at law or in equity including, but not limited to, taking or damaging of property, for reassessment of property or denial of any right protected by USC Section 1983 which might be applicable to the properties to be assessed. Application Procedure for Development Related CFD's Any application for the establishment of a community facilities district shall contain such information and be submitted in such form as the City Manager may require. In addition to such information as the City Manager may require, each application must contain: 1. Proof of authorization to submit the application on behalf of the owner of the property for which the application is submitted if the applicant is not the owner of such property. 2. Evidence satisfactory to the City Manager that the applicant represents or has the consent of the owners of not less than 67%, by area, of the property proposed to be subject to the levy of the special tax. 3. For any Development Related CFD proposed to finance improvements to benefit new development, a business plan for the development of the property within the proposed community facilities district and such additional financial information as the City Manager may deem necessary to adequately review the financial feasibility of the community facilities district. For Development Related CFD’s proposed to finance improvements to benefit new development, the applicant must demonstrate to the satisfaction of the City Manager the ability of the owner of the property propos ed to be developed to pay the special tax installments for the community facilities district and any other assessments, special taxes and ad valorem taxes on such property until full build out of the property. It is the intention of the City Council that applicants for a community facilities district have an early opportunity to have the application reviewed by City staff for compliance with this policy. In that regard, the City Council hereby directs the City Manager to create a community facilities dist rict application review committee composed of the City Attorney, Director of Public Works, City Engineer, Page 61 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 22 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) Director of Development Services, and Finance Director, or their designees, and such additional persons as the City Manager may deem necessary. The committee may meet with the applicant for a community facilities district for the purpose of reviewing an application to form a community facilities district following the determination by the City Manager, or his or her designee, that the information contained in the application for such community facilities district complies with the requirements of this policy. Following the review of such an application, the committee shall prepare and submit a report to the City Manager containing the findings and recommendations of the committee regarding the application. Following review of the committee report, the City Manager shall place the application on the City Council agenda for review. After review of the application and consideration of the committee report, the City Council shall determine whether or not to approve the initiation of proceedings to form the community facilities district. The decision of the City Council pertaining to the application shall be final. The ability of a property owner or developer to obtain financing of public improvements or DIFs from the proceeds of tax-exempt or taxable bonds provides substantial economic benefits to such owner or developer not the least of which may be the financing of such improvements at interest rates substantially lower than conventional financing interest rates, if such conventional financing is available, and/or the ability to obtain financing without providing equity compensation to the lender. In providing such financing for a Development Related CFD the City Council believes that the City is providing valuable consideration to the property owner or developer and should be receive consideration in exchange. It is the goal of the City to ensure that the City and the remainder of its residents, property owners and taxpayers are compensated for the consideration provided to the property owner or developer of a Development Related CFD and that such compensation should be one percent (1%) of the total authorized bonded indebtedness issued for such a community facilities district. Prior to the issuance of special tax bonds for any Development Related CFD, the applicant shall pay to the City the pro rata amount of any compensation payable to the City as consideration for the City's agreement to provide the financing mechanism for the financing of the authorized improvements, DIFs and eligible incidental expenses and to acquire the authorized improvements pursuant to the terms and conditions of an agreement between the City and the property owner or developer as appropriate. For example, if the compensation payable to the City for such consideration is $100,000 for a Development Related CFD where the total authorized bonded indebtedness is $10,000,000 and the series of special tax bonds to be initially issued is $5,000,000, the compensation payable to the City prior to the issuance of the initial series of bonds will be the principal amount of the initial bond issue ($5,000,000) divided by the total amount of the authorized bonded indebtedness ($10,000,000) multiplied by the total compensation for such Development Related CFD ($100,000). In this example, the compensation Page 62 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 23 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) payable prior to the issuance of the first series of bonds would be: $5,000,000 $10,000,000 × $100,000 =$50,000 Community Facilities Districts for Energy Efficiency, Water Conservation, and Renewable Energy Improvements Introductory Statement Senate Bill No. 555 (Statutes 2011, Chapter 493) amended the Mello-Roos Act to authorize the use of community facilities districts for financing energy efficiency, water conservation, and renewable energy improvements to privately or publicly owned real property and buildings. In particular, Senate Bill No. 555 added section 53328.1 to the Mello-Roos Act, thereby authorizing special taxes to be levied only with the unanimous consent of all owners of property to be taxed by such a district. In light of the legislative findings in section 8 of Senate Bill No. 555, the City Council may determine to establish one or more programs through which the City may use section 53328.1 of the Mello-Roos Act and the related provisions added to the Mello-Roos Act by Senate Bill No. 555 to provide special tax financing for improvements and properties that meet the criteria set forth in the hearing report prepared in connection with the establishment of any such program (each a “Program”). The City will administer each Program or contract with a third-party to administer such program (a “Program Administrator”). With respect to financings done through a Program, the goals and policies set forth in this section, as such goals and policies may be amended from time to time, supersede any other goals and policies adopted by the City concerning the use of the Mello-Roos Act. 1. Eligible Improvements. A program may be used to finance or refinance the acquisition, installation, and improvement of energy efficiency, water conservation, and renewable energy improvements on real property and in or on buildings, whether the real property or buildings are privately or publicly owned, subject to the following: A. For privately owned real property and buildings, each owner must consent in advance to the financing, in writing. Page 63 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 24 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) B. Financing through a Program is not available for the initial construction of privately-owned residential buildings unless that initial construction is undertaken by the intended owner or occupant. The City is not establishing any priorities with respect to the financing of Eligible Improvements. Priority for financing shall be considered on a case by case basis as determined by the City or the applicable Program Administrator in accordance with the hearin g report prepared in connection with the related Program, as amended or modified from time to time (each a “Hearing Report”). No services (as defined by Government Code Section 53313) will be financed through any Program. 1. Notice to Prospective Owners. To ensure that prospective purchasers of property subject to a special tax levied through a Program are fully informed about the tax, the related Program Administrator will record a notice of special-tax lien for each participating property as required by the Mello-Roos Act and will provide the seller of each with a disclosure notice that satisfies section 53340.2 of the Mello-Roos Act and California Civil Code section 1102.6b. 2. Financing Limits. For each property. the minimum funding request and maximum amount financed shall be determined in accordance with the Hearing Report. It is not expected that the City will issue bonds in connection with any Program. If the City issues bonds in connection with a Program, the City will establish policies concerning the credit quality of such bonds on a case by case basis. 3. Underwriting Requirements for Financings. For each property, the financing of Eligible Improvements on that property must meet the eligibility requirements set forth in the Hearing Report. The Hearing Report may be amended or modified from time to time as specified therein or the City Council may waive or modify any requirement in the Hearing Report on a case by case basis. 4. Maximum Annual Special Tax. The total annual aggregate amount of property taxes and assessments on each property that participates in a Program, including the special tax imposed through such Program may not exceed five percent (5%) of the value of the property. The value of the property will be derived from the assessed value, the appraised value, or an estimate of value based upon data supplied by a reputable real estate information service. If appraisals are used to determine value for any purpose of a Program, the definitions, standards, and assumptions to be used in su ch appraisals shall be determined on a case by case basis by the City or the related Program Administrator. 5. Administration Costs. The annual special tax for each property that participates in a Program must be in an amount sufficient (i) to finance or refinance the Eligible Improvements for such Page 64 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 25 OF 25 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) property and (ii) to pay the property’s pro-rata share of the City’s and the related Program Administrators costs to administer such Program. 6. Minimum Standards; Waiver and Amendment. The policies set forth in this section reflect the minimum standards under which the City will make use of the Mello-Roos Act to finance Eligible Improvements. The City may, in its discretion, require additional measures and procedures, enhanced security and higher standards in particular cases. The City may, in its discretion and to the extent permitted by law, waive any of the policies set forth herein. Such waivers are granted only by action of the City Council. The goals and policies set forth in this section may be amended at any time and from time to time by the City. Special Tax Refunding Bonds 1. Any issuance of debt to refinance outstanding special tax bonds will be subject to the City Debt Policy. The City Debt Policy provides that, when refinancing debt for debt service savings, the City’s goal is to realize a minimum net present value debt service savings equal to or greater than 5% of the refunding principal amount of bonds. 2. It is the further policy of the City that any debt service savings achieved by refunding outstanding special tax bonds shall accrue to the property owners in the form of lower special taxes in future years. It is the policy of the City that savings may not be used to fund additional Authorized Public Facilities or DIFs or to reimburse for Authorized Public Facilities or DIFs paid by owners or developers. Page 65 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 1 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) BACKGROUND The Mello-Roos Community Facilities Act of 1982 (the “Mello-Roos Act”) and Ordinance No. 2730, as amended from time to time and codified in Chapter 3.60 of the Chula Vista Municipal Code (the “CFD Ordinance”) allows for the creation of Community Facilities Districts (CFDs) to finance certain public capital facilities and services, especially in developing areas and areas undergoing rehabilitation. As a prerequisite to forming CFDs pursuant to the Mello-Roos Act, each local jurisdiction must first consider and adopt local goals and policies as described therein. The City first adopted the City of Chula Vista Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding the Establishment of Community Facilities Districts (the “Goals and Policies”) on January 13, 1998, via Resolution No. 18860. The Goals and Policies were subsequently amended in July 1998, December 1998, November 2013, and April 9, 2019 via Resolution Nos. 19103, 19300, 2013-225, and 2019-051 respectively. Inclusion of the “Goals and Policies” in the City Council Policy Manual is recommended and are applicable to CFDs formed under the Mello-Roos Act and the CFD Ordinance. PURPOSE The purpose of this Statement of Goals and Policies is to provide the City staff, the residents of the City, and the owners and developers of property located within the City with guidance in the application for, and consideration of, the establishment of community facilities districts for the purpose of financing or assisting in financing the acquisition or construction of public infrastructure or the provision of authorized public services to benefit and serve either existing or new development or a combination thereof. The underlying principals behind this policy are the protection of the public interest, assuring fairness in the application of special taxes to current and future property owners, assuring full disclosure of the existence of any special tax liens, ensuring the creditworthiness of any community facilities district special tax bonds, protecting the City's credit rating and financial position and assuring that applicants for all community facilities district proceedings other than City initiated proceedings pay all costs associated with the formation of any community facilities district. POLICY The City Council of the City of Chula Vista (hereafter the “City Council”) hereby establishes and states its goals and policies concerning the use of Chapter 2.5 of Part I of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code of the State of California (hereafter the “Act”) in providing adequate public infrastructure improvements and public services for the City of Chula Vista (the “City”). The following goals and policies shall apply to all community facilities districts hereafter formed or proposed to be formed by the City. Any policy or goal stated herein may be supplemented or amended by resolution Page 66 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 2 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) of the City Council. The scope of this policy is limited to the proposed formation of community facilities districts for the limited purpose of financing or assisting in financing the acquisition or construction of public infrastructure, development impact fees (“DIFs”) applicable to public infrastructure and/or the provision of authorized public services. Introductory Statement The City will consider applications initiated by owners or developers of vacant property proposed to be developed, owners of property within existing developed areas, registered voters residing in existing developed areas, or the City itself for the establishment of community facilities districts to finance authorized public improvements or to provide authorized public services which benefit or serve existing or new development or a combination thereof. A community facilities district or an improvement area within a community facilities district proposed to be established to finance public improvements, DIFs or authorized services to serve new development may be referred to as a “Development Related CFD.” Each application for the establishment of a community facilities district must comply with the applicable goals and policies contained herein unless the City Council expressly grants an exception to such policy or policies as they apply to a specific application. Finding of Public Interest or Benefit The City Council may authorize the initiation of proceedings to form a community facilities district to finance authorized public improvements, related DIFs or to provide authorized public services if the City Council determines that the public improvements and related DIFS, to be financed or public services to be provided or, in the case of a Development Related CFD, the attributes of the new development will provide, in the opinion of the City Council, a public benefit to the community at large as well as the benefit to be derived by the properties within the community facilities district. Examples of public benefit to the community at large may include, but are not limited to the following: 1. Construction of a major public facility which meets a community need including, but not limited to, a major arterial which will provide a vital roadway facility to alleviate congestion, water storage facilities which will remedy inadequate fire flow, and storm drainage facilities which are a part of the storm drainage master plan. 2. Provision of public infrastructure sooner than would otherwise be required for a particular development project. Page 67 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 3 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) 3. Construction of public infrastructure to serve commercial or industrial projects which will expand the City's employment and/or sales tax base. 4. Provision of maintenance or other authorized public services such as landscaping, lighting, storm drain, flood control or open space maintenance necessary to promote or maintain quality of life and public safety within existing or developing areas of the City. 5. Provision of maintenance at public parks. Authorized Public Facilities Improvements proposed to be financed through a community facilities district must be public improvements which will be owned, operated or maintained by the City or another public agency or public utility or to which the City is authorized to contribute revenue. The types of improvements eligible to be financed must serve a whole neighborhood or commercial or industrial area or greater. Such improvements include: 1. Streets and highways satisfying one or more of the following criteria: A. identified in the Circulation Element of the City as collectors or arterials; B. no direct access by abutting properties; or C. minimum daily traffic volume of 3,500 ADT. D. Located within a City park or a portion thereof. 2. Sewer lines or other sewer facilities serving a minimum of 500 single family dwellings or equivalent dwelling units or such other area of the community as the City Manager, or his or her designee, may determine to otherwise be consistent with the intent of these goals and policies to be located within authorized streets and highways or within other public rights-of-way shown on the master plan of sewer facilities. 3. Water mains with a minimum diameter of 10" or other water facilities to be located within authorized streets and highways or within other public rights-of-way shown on the master plan of water facilities. 4. Drainage facilities serving a minimum of 100 acres or such other area of the community as the City Manager, or his or her designee, may determine to otherwise be consistent with the intent of these goals and policies or draining an eligible street. 5. Landscaping and irrigation facilities meeting one of the following criteria: Page 68 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 4 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) A. Located within the right-of-way of a street or highway shown on the Circulation Element of the City's General Plan; B. Located adjacent to an adopted scenic route; or C. Located within dedicated open space. 6. Reclaimed water facilities serving an area which benefits the area within the proposed community facilities district. 7. Dry utilities serving a minimum of 500 single family dwelling units or equivalent dwelling units or such other area of the community as the City Manager, or his or her designee, may determine to otherwise be consistent with the intent of these goals and policies; provided, however, the amount of special tax bond proceeds allocable to such dry utilities may not exceed that amount permitted under Federal tax law and regulations to ensure the tax exempt status of interest on the applicable special tax bonds. 8. Grading for eligible public streets; provided, however, grading for a Development Related CFD must meet one of the following criteria: A. Grading within the vertical planes of the right-of-way; B. Slopes to City-owned open space or open space easement areas; or C. Offsite roadway grading. If the cut and fill within (A) and (B) do not balance, the cost of excavating, hauling and compacting fill in the street is authorized to be financed. If there is excess material in the street right-of-way, only the cost of excavating and hauling to private property within the development project is eligible to be financed. The determination of balance will be made on a total eligible street grading basis, not on an individual street basis. 9. Such other improvements as may be authorized by law and which the City Council determines are consistent with the policies herein. The City Council shall have the final determination as to the eligibility of any improvement for financing, as well as the prioritization of financing of such improvements. Generally, “in-tract” (e.g., local streets or utilities) improvements which serve r esidential development will not be considered eligible to be financed through a community facilities district unless requested by the owners or registered voters of an existing residential development to remedy a threat, found to exist by the City Council, to the public health or safety resulting from an existing deficiency in public improvements to Page 69 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 5 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) serve such existing development. Any public improvements proposed to be financed through a community facilities district must meet all design and construction requirements and standards as may be established by the City. Any public improvement, the construction of which is completed following the adoption of the resolution of formation of a community facilities district, proposed to be acquired by the City from the owner or developer of property within a Development Related CFD must be constructed as if such improvements had been constructed under the direction and supervision, or under the authority of, the City. Public improvements proposed to be acquired from the proceeds of special tax bonds or special taxes shall not be acquired until all improvements for a particular Project (as defined below) are completed and accepted by the City and the City Manager, or his or her designee, has certified the final cost of such improvements. For purposes of this paragraph, a “Project” shall be defined as all improvements within a particular street or easement including street improvements, sewer, drainage, utilities and grading and which are authorized to be acquired by th e community facilities district pursuant to an acquisition and financing agreement by and between the City, acting on behalf of itself and the community facilities district, and the property owner or developer who is responsible for the construction of the public improvements (the “'Acquisition/Financing Agreement”). If improvements within more than one (1) Project are authorized to be acquired through the community facilities district, then the improvements within each Project may be acquired separately as all improvements within such Project are completed and accepted by the City and the final costs certified. Each Project established for any community facilities district and all improvements included within each such Project must be described in the Acquisition/Financing Agreement for such community facilities district. If the Acquisition/Financing Agreement has established more than one (1) Project for any community facilities district, the Acquisition/Financing Agreement may authorize the partial release of funds to pay for the acquisition of each Project when such Project is completed and accepted by the City. The City Council may, in its sole discretion, elect to deviate from or waive the foregoing policy in its consideration of the approval of an Acquisition/Financing Agreement for a community facilities district to authorize the payment of the purchase price for each discrete component of a Project, i.e., an individual improvement within a Project such as a sewer line within a Project which also includes street, water and drainage improvements. In electing to deviate from or waive the foregoing policy, the City Council may condition the payment of the purchase price for discrete components as the City Council deems necessary to ensure the financial integrity of the community facilities district financing. Page 70 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 6 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) Authorized DIFs The following DIFs may be financed: 1. Eastern Transportation DIF (ETDIF) 2. Western Transportation DIF (WTDIF) 3. Bayfront Transportation DIF (BFDIF) 4. Sewer Capacity Fees and Sewer Basin DIFs 5. Public Facilities DIF (PFDIF) 6. Traffic Signal Fees 7. Parkland Acquisition & Development Fees (PAD) Including other DIFs applicable to public infrastructure that may be enacted by the City Council in the future and determined by the City Manager to be eligible to be financed by CFD. Financing of DIFs applicable to public infrastructure will generally be on a taxable, rather than tax - exempt, basis, unless, at the City’s discretion, individual circumstances permit tax -exempt financing of the DIFs being considered. According to the City’s municipal code DIFs are due at the time of building permit issuance and some may be deferred to final inspection. If proceeds of special tax bonds proposed to be used to pay DIFs are not available at time of building permit issuance or final inspection, the developer of property within a Development Related CFD will be required to provide liquid security for the payment of the DIFs in the event that the of special tax bonds are not issued within 18 months of final inspect ion. Timeframe for bond issuance may be extended by the City Manager or designee in his/her sole discretion. Acceptable forms of liquid security including cash or an irrevocable letter of credit, but not bonds or set-aside letters, in an amount equal to the remaining amount of the DIFs. Prioritization of Public Improvements It is the policy of the City to apply proceeds of any CFD financing to first fund public improvements benefiting the City and any DIFs relating to public improvements within the City. After provision is made for such funding, proceeds of any CFD may be applied to other public improvements to be owned, operated or maintained by other public agencies or public utilities, as provided in a joint community facilities agreement Authorized Public Services Public services proposed to be financed through a community facilities district may include: Page 71 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 7 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) 1. Maintenance of parkways, medians and open space, including but not limited to, maintenance of walls, fences, trail systems, pedestrian access systems and other facilities within such open space, maintenance and preservation of habitat within such open space, and biota and other forms of monitoring of plants, wildlife, use of wildlife corridors and habitat quality as a part of any such open space maintenance program. 2. Maintenance of public parks, including but not limited to park frontages, planting and irrigation, hardscape, flatwork, site furniture, metal work, site amenities/features, trails, structures, athletic facilities, bio-retention facilities, and storm water maintenance. 3. Maintenance of naturalized drainage and flood control facilities including, but not limited to, channels and detention and desiltation basins. 4. Such other services as may be authorized by the Mello-Roos Act or by ordinance of the City adopted pursuant to the charter authority of the City and which the City Council determines are consistent with the goals and policies herein and are in the best interest of the City and the residents and property owners within the community facilities district. Incidental Costs Eligible Incidental Costs Eligible incidental costs which may be financed from the proceeds of special tax bonds issued for a Development Related CFD or the special tax levied within a Development Related CFD shall be limited to those incidental costs directly related to the improvements financed from the proceeds of such special tax bonds or special tax revenues and may include: 1. Usual and customary design and engineering costs including: A. Civil engineering B. Soils engineering C. Landscape architecture D. Surveying and construction staking E. Utility engineering/coordination 2. Construction administration and supervision not to exceed, in aggregate, 1.75% of the total construction cost of the applicable public improvements. Page 72 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 8 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) 3. Special engineering studies related to "collector" or "transmission" facilities. Eligibility of such studies must be reviewed and approved by the Director of Development Services, or his or her designee. 4. Plan check and inspection fees (less any refunds). 5. Capacity or connection fees related solely to the public improvements being acquired or constructed as permitted under the Mello-Roos Act. 6. Capitalized interest on any community facilities district special tax bonds as authorized by the City Council pursuant to these goals and policies. 7. Costs of acquisition of off-site rights-of-way and/or easements including the following: A. Appraisal costs, including title reports. B. Costs of preparing acquisition plats. C. Appraised value or actual cost of right-of-way or easement, whichever is less. D. Legal fees and cost related to eminent domain proceedings approved by the City Attorney. 8. Reimbursement of funds advanced by the applicant to pay for (i) preformation costs and/or (ii) costs of issuance incurred by or on behalf of the City. 9. Costs of environmental review, permitting and mitigation limited to the specific public improvements proposed to be financed through the community facilities district. The costs associated with item (1) and (2) above shall not exceed a total of 3 5% of total improvement costs financed. Unless specified otherwise above, the City Manager, or his or her designee, shall review all incidental costs to ensure that such costs are customary and reasonable. Ineligible Incidental Costs The following costs are not eligible to be financed from the proceeds of community facilities district special tax bonds: 1. Administrative or overhead expenses, financial or legal fees incurred by an applicant for the formation of a community facilities district. This limitation does not apply to amounts advanced by the applicant to the City pursuant to the provisions of this policy to pay for preformation costs incurred by the City. (See “Preformation Cost Deposits and Reimbursements” below.) Page 73 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 9 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) 2. Land use planning and subdivision costs and environmental review costs related to such land use planning and subdivision. 3. Planning Studies unless off-site. 4. Environmental impact reports unless off-site. 5. Construction loan interest. 6. Subdivision financial analysis. 7. Attorneys’ fees related to the land use entitlement or subdivision process unless off-site. 8. On site right-of-way and easements. 9. Any compensation payable to the City as consideration for the City's agreement to provide the financing mechanism for the financing of the authorized improvements and eligible incidental expenses and to acquire the authorized improvements pursuant to the terms and conditions of an agreement with the City and the property owner or developer as appropriate. 10. Other overhead expenses incurred by the applicant. Required Value-To-Debt Ratio It is the policy of the City that the value-to-debt ratio for a community facilities district must be at least 4:1. The calculated value-to-debt ratio shall reflect the full cash value of the properties subject to the levy of special taxes, including the value of the improvements to be financed from the proceeds of the issue or series of special tax bonds for which the value-to-debt ratio is being computed, compared to the aggregate amount of the special tax lien proposed to be created plus any prior fixed assessment liens and/or special tax liens. The required value-to-debt ratio shall be determined with respect to all taxable property within the community facilities district in the aggregate and with respect to each development area for which no final subdivision map has been filed. A community facilities district with a value-to-debt ratio of less than 4:1 but equal to or greater than 3:1 may be approved, in the sole discretion of the City Council, upon a determination by the City Manager, after consultation with the Finance Director, the bond counsel, the underwriter and the financial advisor, that a value-to-debt ratio of less than 4:1 is financially prudent under the circumstances of the particular community facilities district. In addition, the City Council may, in its sole discretion, accept a form or forms of credit enhancement such as a letter of credit, bond insurance or the escrow of bond proceeds to offset a deficiency in the required value-to-debt ratio as it applies to the taxable property within the community facilities district in the aggregate or with respect to any Page 74 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 10 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) development area. The value-to-debt ratio shall be determined based upon the full cash value of the properties subject to the levy of the special tax as shown on the ad valorem assessment roll or upon an appr aisal of the properties proposed to be assessed; provided, however, the City Manager may require that the value- to-debt ratio be determined by an appraisal if, in his or her judgement, the assessed values of the properties proposed to be assessed do not reflect the current full cash value of such properties. The appraisal shall be coordinated by, done under the direction of, and addressed to the City. The appraisal shall be undertaken by a state certified real estate appraiser, as defined in Business and Professions Code Section 11340. The appraiser shall be selected and retained by the City or the City's financial advisor. The costs associated with the preparation of the appraisal report shall be paid by the applicant for the community facilities district and shall be subject to possible reimbursement as provided for herein. The appraisal shall be conducted in accordance with assumptions and criteria established by the City, based upon generally accepted appraisal standards or state recommended standards for similar appraisals conducted for the same purpose. The City reserves the right to require a market absorption study for any Development Related CFD. In any such case the City shall retain, at the applicant's sole expense but subject to reimbursement as provided for herein, a consultant to prepare a report to verify or establish the projected market absorption for and the projected sales prices of the properties proposed to be included within the community facilities district. If a market absorption study is conducted, the appraiser shall utilize the conclusions of the market absorption study in conducting the appraisal of the properties within the proposed community facilities district or shall justify, to the satisfaction of the City Manager, why such conclusions were not utilized in conducting such appraisal. Criteria for Appraisals Definition of Appraisal For purposes of these goals and policies, an appraisal shall mean a written statement independently and impartially prepared by a qualified appraiser setting forth an opinion of defined value of an adequately described property as of a specific date, supported by the presentation and analysis of relevant market information. Contents of the Appraisal An appraisal should reflect nationally recognized appraisal standards, including, to the extent appropriate, the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice. An appraisal must contain Page 75 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 11 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) sufficient documentation, including valuation data and the appraiser's analysis of such data, to support the appraiser's opinion of value. At a minimum, the appraisal shall contain the following: 1. Purpose of the Appraisal. This should include the reason for the appraisal, a definition of all values required, and the property rights being appraised. 2. Area, City and Neighborhood Data. These data should include such information as directly affects the appraised property together with the appraiser's conclusions as to significant trends. 3. Property Data. This should include a detailed physical description of the property, its size, shape, soil conditions, topography, improvements, and other physical characteristics which affect the property being appraised. The availability, capacity of, and proximity to, utilities and other infrastructure should also be discussed. 4. Title Condition. The condition of title to the property appraised should be discussed based upon the appraiser’s examination of a title report of the property appraised. The appraiser should analyze and discuss those title issues which are concluded to impact the value of the property being appraised. 5. Improvement Condition. A. The appraiser shall value the property within the community facilities district on an “as-is” basis taking into consideration the value associated with the public improvements to be funded from the proceeds of the issue of bonds for which the appraisal is being undertaken. The property in the community facilities district shall be valued as if it were free and clear of any special taxes and assessments, if any, so that a proper comparison of value-to-debt can be determined. In determining his or her conclusion of value, the appraiser may consider the value of the property in the community facilities district under different market conditions. This may consist of valuing the property as if it were sold to a single purchaser in bulk or sold to several purchasers in portions or pieces. B. Land parcels which have been developed with residences and subsequently sold should at a minimum indicate land parcel size, number of lots, density, number of plans, square footage, room counts, year construction was initiated, year of completion, and when sales were initiated. C. Land parcels with residential product under construction or with standing inventory should be described as in A. above and include a summary of the stage Page 76 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 12 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) of development regarding the number of units completed, number of models, status of units under construction, finished lots and mass-graded or raw lots. In addition, a comment on the marketability of the units (architecture, size, etc.) is appropriate. D. Land parcels which have been developed with income-producing (or owner- occupied) commercial/retail, industrial, hotels, apartments, offices, etc., should be described as follows: i. Commercial-Retail - Land parcel size; basic construction type; typical tenant improvements (and who is responsible for their construction); leasable area, when construction was initiated; and date of completion. ii. Industrial - Land parcel size; basic construction type, whether single or multi-tenant; typical office build-out as percentage of total area, when construction was initiated; and date of completion. iii. Hotels – Land parcel size; basic construction type; number of rooms; dining, recreation, convention space, meeting rooms, and other amenities. iv. Apartments - Land parcel size; basic construction type; number of stories; number of units; unit mix; size; total rentable area, when construction was initiated; and date of completion. v. Office - Land parcel size; basic construction type; typical tenant improvements/allowance; net rentable area, when construction was initiated; and date of completion. 6. General Plan Classification. Describe the General Plan classification of the subject and comparable properties. 7. Zoning. Describe the zoning for the subject and comparable properties. Note any discrepancy between General Plan classification and zoning. If rezoning is imminent, discuss further under Item 8 below. 8. Analysis of Highest and Best Use. The report should state and support the highest and best use to which a property can be put and recognize that land is appraised as though vacant and available for development to its highest and best use, and the improvements are based on their actual contribution to the site. Page 77 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 13 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) 9. Statement of Value. The appraiser's opinion of the value of the specified property rights, prepared according to all relevant and reliable approaches to value consistent with commonly accepted professional appraisal practices. If a discounted cash flow analysis is used, it should be supported by at least one other valuation method such as sales comparison approach utilizing sales of properties that are in the same stage of development. If more than one valuation approach is used, the appraiser shall include an analysis and reconciliation of such approaches to support the appraiser's opinion of value. 10. Certification. Certification of appraiser and permission to reproduce and use the appraisal report as required for bond issuance. Maximum Aggregate Taxes and Assessments It is the policy of the City that the maximum annual special tax installment applicable to any parcel used for residential purposes (not including motels, hotels, campsites, or other short-term lodging, as determined by the City) shall not exceed one percent (1%) of the sale price of newly developed properties subject to the levy of the special tax (the “Newly Developed Properties”) as of the date of the close of escrow of the initial sale of any residential dwelling unit to such residential home owner. As a distinct and separate requirement, the total of the following taxes, assessments described in 4. below and special taxes appearing on the property tax bill, shall not exceed two (2%) of such initial sales price of Newly Developed Properties: 1. Ad valorem property taxes. 2. Voter approved ad valorem property taxes in excess of one percent (1%) of the assessed value of the subject properties. 3. The maximum annual special taxes levied by the community facilities district under consideration and any other community facilities district or other public agency excepting therefrom special taxes levied by a community facilities district formed or under consideration for formation for the purpose of providing services such as open space maintenance, landscape maintenance and preserve maintenance. No reduction from such annual special tax shall be permitted for credits by school districts for general obligation bond ad valorem taxes levied by school districts. 4. The annual assessment installments, including any administrative surcharge, for any existing assessment district where such assessment installments are utilized to pay debt service on bonds issued for such assessment district. Annual assessment installments for maintenance and services shall not be included in the assessments calculated in determining the aggregate tax, assessment and special tax obligation for a parcel. Page 78 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 14 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) The applicant for the establishment of any Development Related CFD which includes residential development subject to the foregoing limitations shall be required to enter into an agreement with the City or the community facilities district or otherwise provide for in the Rate and Method of Apportionment of Special Tax requiring the prepayment by the applicant of that portion of the special tax obligation applicable to any parcel used for residential purposes in order to reduce the annual maximum special tax obligation so that the maximum annual special tax installment shall not exceed 1% of the sales price for such parcel and the total taxes, assessments and special taxes does not exceed 2% of such sales price, or otherwise provided for in the Rate and Method of Apportionment of Special Tax a reduction in the maximum special tax obligation so that the total taxes, assessments and special taxes does not exceed 2% of such sales price Special Tax Requirements The rate and method of apportionment of the special tax for any community facilities district shall adhere to the following requirements: 1. The maximum special tax shall be adequate to include an amount necessary to pay for the expenses incurred by such community facilities district in the levy and collection of the special tax and the administration of the special tax bonds and the community facilities district. 2. The maximum projected annual special tax revenues must equal 110% of the projected annual gross debt service on any bonds of the community facilities district. 3. A backup special tax shall be required for any Development Related CFD to protect against changes in density resulting in the generation of insufficient special tax revenues to pay annual debt service and administrative expenses, unless the City Manager, or his or her designee, based on the advice of the financial advisor, special tax consultant or underwriter determines that a backup special tax is not needed under the special tax formula for such Development Related CFD. The City Council may additionally or alternatively require that as a condition of approval of the downsizing of the development in a Development Related CFD at the request of the applicant or the applicant's successor- in-interest, the applicant or the applicant's successor-in-interest, as applicable, may be required to prepay such portion of the special tax obligation as may be necessary in the determination of the City to ensure that adequate debt service coverage exists with respect to any outstanding bonds or otherwise provides security in a form and amount deemed necessary by the City Council to provide for the payment of debt service on the bonds. 4. All developed and undeveloped property within any community facilities district which is not otherwise statutorily exempt from the levy of special taxes shall bear its appropriate share of the Page 79 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 15 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) community facilities district’s aggregate special tax obligation from the date of formation of the community facilities district consistent with the other goals and policies set forth herein. 5. A partial and/or total prepayment option or a reduction of maximum special tax shall be included in any rate and method of apportionment of special taxes to pay for public facilities. No prepayment shall be permitted of a special tax levied to finance authorized services and/or maintenance. 6. The maximum special tax may escalate 2% per annum for 11 years, with escalation commencing in the fiscal year following the adoption of the RMA. 7. The rate and method of apportionment of a special tax to pay for public facilities shall specify a fiscal year beyond which the special tax may not be levied on any parcel used for private residential purposes. A special tax to pay for public services and/or maintenance shall have no termination date unless established by the City Council. 8. The rate and method of apportionment of a special tax to pay for public services and/or maintenance shall include life-cycle replacement costs for maintained facilities, as determined by the City Manager, or his or her designee. 9. The rate and method of apportionment of a special tax to pay for public services and/or maintenance shall authorize annual inflationary adjustments to the maximum special tax. The authorized adjustments shall be based upon industry standard published indices, or such other data as may be approved by the City Manager, or his or her designee. In all instances, it shall be the policy of the City to employ the most specific applicable index. Examples include applying the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers to labor costs and applying the Construction Cost Index to asset replacement costs. Terms and Conditions of Special Tax Bonds All terms and conditions of any special tax bonds issued by the City for any community facilities district, including, without limitation, the sizing, timing, term, interest rates, discount, redemption features, flow of funds, investment provisions and foreclosure covenants, shall be established by the City. Each special tax bond issue shall be structured to adequately protect bond owners and to avoid negatively impacting the bonding capacity or credit worthiness of the City. Unless otherwise approved by the City Council, the following shall serve as minimum bond requirements: 1. A reserve fund shall be established for each bond issue to be funded out of the bond proceeds in an amount equal to 10% of the original proceeds of the bonds or such lesser amount as may be required by federal tax law. Page 80 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 16 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) 2. Interest shall be capitalized for a bond issue only so long as necessary to place the special tax installments on the assessment roll; provided, however, interest may be capitalized for a term to be established in the sole discretion of the City Council on a case-by-case basis, not to exceed an aggregate of 24 months, taking into consideration the value-to-debt ratio, the expected timing of initial occupancy dates for the private improvements being constructed, expected absorption and buildout of the project, the expected construction and completion schedule for the public improvements to be funded from the proceeds of the bond issue in question, the size of the bond issue, the development pro forma and the equity position of the applicant and such other factors as the City Council may deem relevant. 3. In instances where multiple series of bonds are to be issued, the City shall determine what improvements shall be financed from the proceeds of each series of bonds. 4. Neither the faith, credit or taxing power of the City shall be pledged to the payment of the bonds. The sole source of revenue for the payment of the bonds shall be the special taxes, capitalized interest, if any, and moneys on deposit in the reserve fund established for such bonds. Discharge of Special Tax Obligation It is the policy of the City that the special tax obligation related to the financing of the acquisition or construction of public improvements may be prepaid and discharged in whole or in part at any time. The applicant for the formation of a Development Related CFD must provide notice and opportunity for the purchasers of property within such community facilities district to prepay the special tax obligation applicable to such property at the time of the close of escrow. The applicant for the formation of a Development Related CFD must prepare and present a plan, satisfactory to the City Council, prior to the public hearing to consider the formation of such community facilities district describing how the prospective purchaser will be notified of the existence of the special tax lien and the options which the prospective purchaser has regarding the prepayment and discharge of the special tax obligation. Disclosure Requirements to Prospective Property Purchasers in Development Related CFD's 1. Disclosure Requirements for Developers. Developers who are selling lots or parcels that are within a Development Related CFD shall provide disclosure notice to prospective purchasers that complies with all of the requirements of Section 53341.5 of the Government Code, as well as disclose any option to prepay the special tax, whether at escrow closing or in the future. The disclosure notice must be provided to prospective purchasers of property at or prior to the time the contract or deposit receipt for the purchase of property is executed. Developers shall keep Page 81 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 17 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) an executed copy of each disclosure document as evidence that disclosure has been provided to all purchasers of property within a Development Related CFD. Developer shall transmit a copy of such disclosure documents upon closing of the first escrow to homebuyer and shall further transmit a copy of such disclosure documents for any subsequent closing to the extent such disclosure documents have been materially amended. Developer shall be solely responsible for the content and delivery of such disclosure documents, and for any damages due as a result of failure to comply with Section 53341.5, and the obligation to transmit copies of such disclosure documents in no way transfers responsibility or liability to the City. To that end, the City ma y require that the Developer indemnify the City from any claims relating to such disclosure documents. 2. Disclosure Requirements for the Resale of Lots. Upon request, the City Finance Department shall provide a notice of special taxes to sellers of property (other than developers) which will enable them to comply with their notice requirements under Section 1102.6 of the Civil Code. This notice shall be provided by the City within five working days of receiving a written request for the notice. A reasonable fee may be charged for providing the notice, not to exceed any maximum fee specified in the Mello-Roos Act. 3. Compliance With Federal Securities Laws. The City shall use all reasonable means to ensure compliance with applicable federal securities laws in connection with the issuance of debt and the provision of annual information regarding any Development Related CFD established by the City with respect to which bonds have been issued, including requiring any developer in a Development Related CFD who is material to the bond issue to transmit appropriate information to the City or its designee for disclosure to bond investors. Preformation Cost Deposits and Reimbursements Except for those applications for community facilities districts where the City is the applicant, all City and consultant costs incurred in the evaluation of applications and the proceedings to form a community facilities district and issue special tax bonds therefor will be paid by the applicant by advance deposit with the City of moneys sufficient to pay all such costs. Each application for the formation of a community facilities district shall be accompanied by an initial deposit in an amount to be determined by the City Manager to be adequate to fund the evaluation of the application and undertake the proceedings to form the community facilities district and issue the special tax bonds therefor. The City Manager may, in his or her sole discretion, permit an applicant to make periodic deposits to cover such expenses rather than a single lump sum deposit; provided, however, no preformation costs shall be incurred by the City in excess of the amount then on deposit for such Page 82 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 18 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) purposes. If additional funds are required to pay required preformation costs, the City Manager may make written demand upon the applicant for such additional funds and the applicant shall deposit such additional funds with the City within five (5) working days of the date of receipt of such demand. Upon the depletion of the funds deposited by applicant for preformation costs, all proceedings shall be suspended until receipt by the City of such additional funds as the City Manager may demand. The deposits shall be used by the City to pay for costs and expenses incurred by the City incident to the evaluation of the application and the proceedings for the formation of the community facilities district and the issuance of the special tax bonds therefor, including, but not limited to, legal, special tax consultant, engineering, appraisal, market absorption, financial advisor, administrative and staff costs and expenses, required notifications, printing and publication costs. The City shall refund any unexpended portion of the deposits upon the occurrence of one of the following events: 1. The formation of the community facilities district or the issuance of the special tax bonds; 2. The formation of the community facilities district or the issuance of the special tax bonds is disapproved by the City Council; 3. The proceedings for the formation of the community facilities district and the is suance of the special tax bonds are abandoned at the written request of the applicant; or 4. The City has determined that the special tax bonds will not be issued and sold. Except as otherwise provided herein, the applicant shall be entitled, at the option of the applicant, to reimbursement of, or credit against, special taxes for all amounts deposited with the City to pay for costs incident to the evaluation of the application and the proceedings for the formation of the community facilities district and the issuance of the special tax bonds therefor upon the formation of the community facilities district and the successful issuance and sale of the special tax bonds for the community facilities district. Any such reimbursement shall be payable solely from the proceeds of the special tax bonds. The City shall not accrue or pay interest on any moneys deposited with the City. Selection of Consultants The City shall select and retain all consultants necessary for the evaluation of any application and the proceedings for the formation of a community facilities district and the issuance of the special tax bonds Page 83 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 19 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) therefor, including, but not limited to, special tax consultant, bond counsel, financial advisor, underwriter, appraiser, and market absorption analyst after consultation with the applicant. Land Use Approvals Properties proposed to be included in a Development Related CFD must have received such discretionary land use approvals as may, in the determination of the City Manager, or his or her designee, be necessary to enable the City to adequately evaluate the community facilities district including the properties to be included and the improvements proposed to be financed. The City will issue bonds secured by the levy of special taxes within a Development Related CFD when (i) the properties included within such community facilities district have received those applicable discretionary land use approvals which would permit the development of such properties consistent with the assumptions utilized in the development of the rate and method of apportionment of the special taxes for such community facilities district; (ii) applicable environmental review has been completed; and (iii) the City has determined that the other prerequisites to a bond sale have been satisfied. Approval of a Development Related CFD does not vest any right to develop in accordance with existing land use approvals or regulations, nor does it constitute an approval of, or obligate the City to approve, any other entitlement, including without limitation zoning, specific plan, subdivision, or specific plan amendment. Application Procedure for Development Related CFD's Any application for the establishment of a community facilities district shall contain such information and be submitted in such form as the City Manager may require. In addition to such information as the City Manager may require, each application must contain: 1. Proof of authorization to submit the application on behalf of the owner of the property for which the application is submitted if the applicant is not the owner of such property. 2. Evidence satisfactory to the City Manager that the applicant represents or has the consent of the owners of not less than 67%, by area, of the property proposed to be subject to the levy of the special tax. 3. For any Development Related CFD proposed to finance improvements to benefit new development, a business plan for the development of the property within the proposed community facilities district and such additional financial information as the City Manager may deem necessary to adequately review the financial feasibility of the community facilities district. For Development Related CFD’s proposed to finance improvements to benefit new development, the applicant must Page 84 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 20 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) demonstrate to the satisfaction of the City Manager the ability of the owner of the property proposed to be developed to pay the special tax installments for the community facilities district and any other assessments, special taxes and ad valorem taxes on such property until full build out of the property. The ability of a property owner or developer to obtain financing of public improvements or DIFs from the proceeds of tax-exempt or taxable bonds provides substantial economic benefits to such owner or developer not the least of which may be the financing of such improvements at interest rates substantially lower than conventional financing interest rates, if such conventional financing is available, and/or the ability to obtain financing without providing equity compensation to the lender. In providing such financing for a Development Related CFD the City Council believes that the City is providing valuable consideration to the property owner or developer and should be receive consideration in exchange. It is the goal of the City to ensure that the City and the remainder of its residents, property owners and taxpayers are compensated for the consideration provided to the property owner or developer of a Development Related CFD and that such compensation should be one percent (1%) of the total bonded indebtedness issued for such a community facilities district. Prior to the issuance of special tax bonds for any Development Related CFD, the applicant shall pay to the City the pro rata amount of any compensation payable to the City as consideration for the City's agreement to provide the financing mechanism for the financing of the authorized improvements, DIFs and eligible incidental expenses and to acquire the authorized improvements pursuant to the terms and conditions of an agreement between the City and the property owner or developer as appropriate. Community Facilities Districts for Energy Efficiency, Water Conservation, and Renewable Energy Improvements Introductory Statement Senate Bill No. 555 (Statutes 2011, Chapter 493) amended the Mello-Roos Act to authorize the use of community facilities districts for financing energy efficiency, water conservation, and renewable energy improvements to privately or publicly owned real property and buildings. In particular, Senate Bill No. 555 added section 53328.1 to the Mello-Roos Act, thereby authorizing special taxes to be levied only with the unanimous consent of all owners of property to be taxed by such a district. In light of the legislative findings in section 8 of Senate Bill No. 555, the C ity Council may determine to establish one or more programs through which the City may use section 53328.1 of the Mello-Roos Page 85 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 21 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) Act and the related provisions added to the Mello-Roos Act by Senate Bill No. 555 to provide special tax financing for improvements and properties that meet the criteria set forth in the hearing report prepared in connection with the establishment of any such program (each a “Program”). The City will administer each Program or contract with a third-party to administer such program (a “Program Administrator”). With respect to financings done through a Program, the goals and policies set forth in this section, as such goals and policies may be amended from time to time, supersede any other goals and policies adopted by the City concerning the use of the Mello-Roos Act. 1. Eligible Improvements. A program may be used to finance or refinance the acquisition, installation, and improvement of energy efficiency, water conservation, and renewable energy improvements on real property and in or on buildings, whether the real property or buildings are privately or publicly owned, subject to the following: A. For privately owned real property and buildings, each owner must consent in advance to the financing, in writing. B. Financing through a Program is not available for the initial construction of privately-owned residential buildings unless that initial construction is undertaken by the intended owner or occupant. The City is not establishing any priorities with respect to the financing of Eligible Improvements. Priority for financing shall be considered on a case by case basis as determined by the City or the applicable Program Administrator in accordance with the hearing report prepared in connection with the related Program, as amended or modified from time to time (each a “Hearing Report”). No services (as defined by Government Code Section 53313) will be financed through any Program. 1. Notice to Prospective Owners. To ensure that prospective purchasers of property subject to a special tax levied through a Program are fully informed about the tax, the related Program Administrator will record a notice of special-tax lien for each participating property as required by the Mello-Roos Act and will provide the seller of each with a disclosure notice that satisfies section 53340.2 of the Mello-Roos Act and California Civil Code section 1102.6b. 2. Financing Limits. For each property. the minimum funding request and maximum amount financed shall be determined in accordance with the Hearing Report. It is not expected that the City will issue bonds in connection with any Program. If the City issues bonds in connection with a Program, the City will establish policies concerning the credit quality of such bonds on a case by case basis. Page 86 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 22 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) 3. Underwriting Requirements for Financings. For each property, the financing of Eligible Improvements on that property must meet the eligibility requirements set forth in the Hearing Report. The Hearing Report may be amended or modified from time to time as specified therein or the City Council may waive or modify any requirement in the Hearing Report on a case by case basis. 4. Maximum Annual Special Tax. The total annual aggregate amount of property taxes and assessments on each property that participates in a Program, including the special tax imposed through such Program may not exceed five percent (5%) of the value of the property. The value of the property will be derived from the assessed value, the appraised value, or an estimate of value based upon data supplied by a reputable real estate information service. If appraisals are used to determine value for any purpose of a Program, the definitions, standards, and assumptions to be used in such appraisals shall be determined on a case by case basis by the City or the related Program Administrator. 5. Administration Costs. The annual special tax for each property that participates in a Program must be in an amount sufficient (i) to finance or refinance the Eligible Improvements for such property and (ii) to pay the property’s pro-rata share of the City’s and the related Program Administrators costs to administer such Program. 6. Minimum Standards; Waiver and Amendment. The policies set forth in this section reflect the minimum standards under which the City will make use of the Mello-Roos Act to finance Eligible Improvements. The City may, in its discretion, require additional measures and procedures, enhanced security and higher standards in particular cases. The City may, in its discretion and to the extent permitted by law, waive any of the policies set forth herein. Such waivers are granted only by action of the City Council. The goals and policies set forth in this section may be amended at any time and from time to time by the City. Special Tax Refunding Bonds 1. Any issuance of debt to refinance outstanding special tax bonds will be subject to the City Debt Policy. The City Debt Policy provides that, when refinancing debt for debt service savings, the City’s goal is to realize a minimum net present value debt service savings equal to or greater than 5% of the refunding principal amount of bonds. 2. It is the further policy of the City that any debt service savings achieved by refunding outstanding special tax bonds shall accrue to the property owners in the form of lower special taxes in future years. It is the policy of the City that savings may not be used to fund additional Authorized Page 87 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda COUNCIL POLICY CITY OF CHULA VISTA SUBJECT: Statement of Goals and Policies Regarding Establishment of Community Facilities Districts POLICY NUMBER EFFECTIVE DATE PAGE 505-04 23 OF 23 ADOPTED BY: (Resolution No.) DATED: AMENDED BY: Resolution No. (date of resolution) Public Facilities or DIFs or to reimburse for Authorized Public Facilities or DIFs paid by owners or developers. Page 88 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda v . 0 03 P a g e | 1 October 24, 2023 ITEM TITLE Emergency Operations: Adopt the City of Chula Vista Emergency Operations Plan and the 2023 Multi- Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan – City of Chula Vista Annex Report Number: 23-0164 Location: No specific geographic location Department: Fire Environmental Notice: The activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the California Environmental Quality Act State Guidelines; therefore, pursuant to State Guidelines Section 15060(c)(3) no environmental review is required. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the activity qualifies for an Exemption pursuant to Section 15061(b)(3) of the California Environmental Quality Act State Guidelines. Recommended Action Adopt resolutions: A) Adopting the City of Chula Vista Emergency Operations Plan and B) Adopting the 2023 Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan - City of Chula Vista Annex. SUMMARY Today’s recommended action is to approve a resolution adopting both the City of Chula Vista Emergency Operations Plan and the 2023 Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan - City of Chula Vista Annex. The Emergency Operations Plan provides the foundation from which disaster preparedness efforts, response operations, and recovery activities are derived. The Emergency Operations Plan sets forth roles and responsibilities, defines lines of authority, and provides the framework for the City’s emergency organization. The Hazard Mitigation Plan reaffirms the City’s commitment to reducing hazard impacts (i.e., loss of life and property), and will allow the City of Chula Vista to continue to submit applications for hazard mitigation grants and remain eligible for public assistance hazard mitigation funds for the next five years. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW The Director of Development Services has reviewed the proposed activity for compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and has determined that the activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the State CEQA Guidelines because the proposed activity consists of a governmental Page 89 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 2 fiscal/administrative activity which does not result in a physical change in the environment; therefore, pursuant to Section 15060(c)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines, the activity is not subject to CEQA. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it has also been determined that the activity qualifies for an Exemption pursuant to Section 15061(b)(3) of the California Environmental Quality Act State Guidelines. Thus, no environmental review is required. BOARD/COMMISSION/COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION Not applicable. DISCUSSION Emergency Operations Plan The protection of life, the environment and property are primary goals of governmental public safety agencies. The California Emergency Services Act authorizes local jurisdictions to develop plans for meeting any condition constituting a local emergency or state of emergency, including, but not limited to, earthquakes, natural or manmade disasters specific to that jurisdiction, or state of war emergency; those plans shall provide for the effective mobilization of all the resources within the political subdivision, both public and private. Emergency plans provide the basis from which response and recovery operations are executed. The City of Chula Vista Emergency Operations Plan (“EOP”) is modeled after the County of San Diego Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan. The EOP is adapted to meet the needs of the City of Chula Vista with respect to organizational structure and response resources. The purpose of the Chula Vista EOP is to identify the City's overall emergency planning organization and response policies and procedures. The plan highlights the City’s organized response to extraordinary emergency/disaster situation, including but not limited to natural disasters, human caused events, technological incidents, and national security emergencies. The EOP does not address normal day-to-day emergencies or the well-established and routine procedures used by public safety departments in managing such emergencies. The operational concepts reflected in the EOP focus on potential large-scale disasters that generate unique situations requiring multi-departmental, multi-agency coordination and response when day-to-day resources are overwhelmed. The EOP is a preparedness document, intended to be read, understood, and exercised prior to an emergency/disaster and is designed to include the City of Chula Vista as part of the San Diego County Operational Area. The EOP was developed in accordance with the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Comprehensive Preparedness Guide 101 Version 2.0 and incorporates the standardized Emergency Management system, the National Incident Management System concepts, and the Incident Command System, and is designed with management provisions to be used in any type of disaster situation. The plan is scalable and flexible enough to use in all emergencies, coordinating response and short-term recovery activities. The EOP addresses the emergency response functions of local government departments, public officials, and other public and private organizations during emergencies/disasters. As such, the plan was developed through a collaborative effort of City departments, including public safety agencies such as fire, law Page 90 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 3 enforcement, and public works. All primary and support departments/organizations play a vital role in responding to emergencies. The plan also addresses roles and responsibilities of stakeholders, emergency operations center activation and coordination, emergency proclamation procedures, mutual aid, information dissemination, public alert and warning, communications, recovery operations, and financial reconciliation. The EOP has been reviewed by the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) and determined to be acceptable in accordance with the requirements of the Emergency Services Act and the California Master Mutual Aid Agreement. Hazard Mitigation Plan The Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (the "Act"), signed into law (Public Law 106- 390) on October 30, 2000, requires all jurisdictions to have an approved hazard mitigation plan in place in order to qualify for pre-and- post disaster/hazard mitigation funds. In 2004, the San Diego County Office of Emergency Services (“County OES”) led an effort to develop the first Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan, a pre-disaster strategic plan that serves as a guideline for lowering the risks and exposure to hazards in the region. The last revision of the plan was accepted by the regional Unified Disaster Council (UDC) and adopted by the Chula Vista City Council in 2018. A local mitigation plan is also required for non-emergency assistance provided under the Stafford Act following a Presidential declared disaster, including public assistance restoration of damaged facilities (Categories C through G) and Hazard Mitigation Grant Program funding. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) implemented the Act through Part Ill Federal Register 44 Code of Federal Regulations Parts 201 and 206. The law requires the following related to natural disasters:  Identification and assessment of risks related to disasters  Implementation of adequate measures to reduce losses  Ensuring critical services and facilities will continue to function after the disaster Approval of the 2023 Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (MJHMP) - City of Chula Vista Annex meets these requirements. The multi-jurisdictional/multi-hazard mitigation planning process began in September 2019 and over the course of the next three years, included several planning meetings, hazard workshops and seminars, risk assessments, and public forums. The County OES led this multi-jurisdictional planning process, which included members from all incorporated jurisdictions in San Diego County, as well as special districts. The Chula Vista planning team consisted of several City departments and divisions, including Fire, Public Works, Engineering, Development Services, and the Office of Sustainability. The MJHMP is a pre-disaster strategic plan that serves as a guideline to lowering the risk and exposure to natural disasters. The plan identifies potential hazards, reviews disaster history and reoccurring events to estimate losses and develops goals and objectives that can help reduce or lessen the impacts an occurrence any given hazard will have on the community. The plan outlines a strategy of implementing mitigation actions that will help accomplish the overall goal of protecting people, property, and the environment. The following were identified as the top hazards to be addressed within the city of Chula Vista:  Wildfire/Structure Fire Page 91 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 4  Floods/Dam Inundation  Geologic (Earthquake, Landslide, Liquefaction)  Climate Change Risks  Extreme Heat Planning team members from various City departments identified hazards affecting the City of Chula Vista. After reviewing the City's current capabilities, specific goals, objectives, and action items were developed with the intent to lessen the impact of natural and manmade disasters. The goals, objectives, and action items included in the plan are designed to:  Promote public understanding, support, and demand for hazard mitigation  Build and sustain a local commitment to become less vulnerable to hazards  Promote disaster resistant existing and future development  Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets, including people and critical infrastructure, due to structure fire/wildland fire, geological hazards, dam failure, flooding, climate change risks, and tsunamis. Current updates reflect the expansion of climate change inclusion within hazard impacts, public feedback regarding hazard concerns, and updated hazard mitigation Goals, Objectives, Actions/Priority Actions for the County of San Diego and cities within the regional area to align with current and existing countywide plans, procedures, and priorities. The City continues to make strides in improving the safety of our city and the MJHMP is an example of the City's commitment to public safety. This MJHMP has been approved by FEMA and Cal OES and will be used as the City continues to address and mitigate the ever-changing hazards that pose a threat to our communities. Today's action will adopt a resolution to approve the MJHMP, which will allow the City to continue to submit applications for hazard mitigation grants. Ultimately, the MJHMP improves emergency preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation capabilities for both natural and man-made disasters. DECISION-MAKER CONFLICT Staff has reviewed the decision contemplated by this action and has determined that it is not site-specific and consequently, the real property holdings of the City Council members do not create a disqualifying real property-related financial conflict of interest under the Political Reform Act (Cal. Gov't Code § 87100, et seq.). Staff is not independently aware, and has not been informed by any City Council member, of any other fact that may constitute a basis for a decision-maker conflict of interest in this matter. CURRENT-YEAR FISCAL IMPACT There is no current year fiscal impact associated with this request. The MJHMP is a pre-disaster strategic plan that serves as a guideline to lowering the risk and exposure to hazards in the City. Further, adopting the resolution to approve the MJHMP will allow the City to continue to submit applications for hazard mitigation grants. ONGOING FISCAL IMPACT There is no ongoing fiscal impact associated with this request. Page 92 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 5 ATTACHMENTS 1. City of Chula Vista 2021 Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) 2. Cal OES Chula Vista EOP Letter 3. San Diego County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023 – Base Plan 4. City of Chula Vista 2023 MJHMP Annex 5. FEMA San Diego County MJHMP Amended Approval 5-9-2023 Staff Contact: Harry Muns, Fire Chief Marlon King, Emergency Services Manager Page 93 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Form Rev 3/6/2023 RESOLUTION NO. __________ RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA ADOPTING THE CHULA VISTA EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN WHEREAS, an Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan has been developed by the County of San Diego; and WHEREAS, the City of Chula Vista is required by the California Emergency Services Act, within section 8610 of the California Government Code, to have a local Emergency Operations Plan (“EOP”); and WHEREAS, Chula Vista Municipal Code Section 2.14.120 requires that the City Disaster Council shall be responsible for the development of the City EOP; and WHEREAS, the City previously adopted an EOP in 2012 through Resolution No. 2012- 257; and WHEREAS, the City must maintain an updated EOP to remain eligible for emergency- related reimbursements and grant funding opportunities, and has updated its EOP as of July 21, 2021 to meet current standards and best practices for such documents; and WHEREAS, the updated City of Chula Vista EOP applies to all City of Chula Vista departments, employees, and others participating in protection, prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery efforts within the City of Chula Vista; and WHEREAS, the updated City of Chula Vista EOP is in alignment with FEMA’s Comprehensive Preparedness Guide 101; and WHEREAS, the updated City of Chula Vista EOP has been reviewed by the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services and deemed acceptable in accordance with the requirements of the Emergency Services Act and the California Master Mutual Aid Agreement. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista, that: 1. The July 21, 2021 City of Chula Vista Emergency Operations Plan, a copy of which is now on file in the Office of the City Clerk and which is incorporated herein by reference, is hereby approved and adopted. The City Manager or City Manager’s designee is authorized to approve minor changes to the Emergency Operations Plan, as necessary. 2. The July 21, 2021 City of Chula Vista Emergency Operations Plan supersedes the City of Chula Vista Emergency Operations Plan which was adopted by Resolution 2012- 257 on December 11, 2012. Resolution 2012-257 shall be of no further force and effect. Page 94 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Resolution No. Page 2 Presented by Approved as to form By: Harry Muns Jill D.S. Maland Fire Chief Lounsbery Ferguson Altona & Peak Acting City Attorney Page 95 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Form Rev 3/6/2023 RESOLUTION NO. __________ RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA ACCEPTING AND ADOPTING THE 2023 SAN DIEGO COUNTY MULTI-JURISDICTIONAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN AND THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA ANNEX WHEREAS, the City of Chula Vista recognizes the threat that natural and human-caused hazards pose to people and property within the City; and WHEREAS, the County of San Diego has prepared a jurisdiction -specific, multi hazard mitigation plan hereby known as the 2023 San Diego County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan in accordance with federal laws, including the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, as amended; the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, as amended; and the National Dam Safety Program Act, as amended; and WHEREAS, the City has prepared an annex as part of the 2023 San Diego County Multi- Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan to address the City’s specific hazards which have the potential to result in the loss of life and property, economic hardship, and threats to public health and safety; and WHEREAS, the 2023 San Diego County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan identifies mitigation goals and actions to reduce and/or eliminate long-term risk to people and property in San Diego County from the impacts of future hazards and disasters; and WHEREAS, mitigation measures have proven effective in saving lives and reducing property damage caused by disasters; and WHEREAS, the City of Chula Vista Annex has been approved by the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services and the Federal Emergency Management Agency; and WHEREAS, adoption by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista demonstrates its commitment to hazard mitigation and achieving the goals outlined in the 2023 San Diego County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista, that it does hereby accept and adopt the 2023 San Diego County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan and the City of Chula Vista Annex. Page 96 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Resolution No. Page 2 Presented by Approved as to form By: Harry Muns Jill D.S. Maland Fire Chief Lounsbery Ferguson Altona & Peak Acting City Attorney Page 97 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 1 CITY OF CHULA VISTA EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN DATE OF EXECUTION: July 21, 2021 Page 98 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 2 CONTENTS Promulgation Statement Record of Distribution Record of Changes Section I: Preface Approvals and Implementation Attestation of Plan Concurrence Section II: Plan Guidance Purpose Scope Overview of the City City’s Hazard Identification Planning Assumptions Planning Approaches Whole Community Planning All-Hazards Planning Section III: Concept of Operations Overview of Con-Ops Preparedness Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) Public Education and Outreach Training and Exercises Mitigation Response Local On-Scene Command and Control Additional Response Considerations Physical, Programmatic and Communications Needs Page 99 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 3 Essential Needs of Children Household Pets and Service Animals Recovery Section IV: Assignment of Responsibilities Section V: Activation of the EOP Introduction Authority to Activate Levels of Activation Emergency Operations Center--Overview Activation of the EOC Activation Procedures Deactivation of the EOP EOC Organization EOC Location Proclamation of a Local Emergency Mutual Aid Section VI: Direction, Control, and Coordination Section VII: Information Collection, Analysis and Dissemination Information Collection Analysis of Information Dissemination of Information Section VIII Communications Incident Communications Alerts and Warnings EAS WEA Page 100 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 4 Alertsandiego and Accessible Alertsandiego Public Information Section IX: Administration, Finance, and Logistics Administration—Documentation Incident Reports Reports Generated By the EOC Damage Assessment/Recovery Documentation After Action Reports (AAR) City’s Record Retention Schedule Finance Section Public Assistance Individual Assistance Logistics Section Homeland Security Grant Program (HSGP) State Homeland Security Grant Program (SHSGP) Urban Area Security Initiative (UASI) Support Requirements/Mutual Aid Resource Management Section X: Plan Development and Maintenance Section XI: Authorities and References Section XII: Attachments/Appendix Section XIII: Glossary Section XIV: Acronyms Section XV: Index Page 101 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 5 RECORD OF DISTRIBUTION Date Department/Agency Received By Delivery Method Page 102 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 6 RECORD OF CHANGES # Date Contact/Role/Phone Summary of Change Page 103 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 7 PROMULGATION STATEMENT This document is the revised City of Chula Vista Emergency Operations Plan (EOP). This plan supersedes any previous plan(s) promulgated for this purpose. It provides a framework for the City to use in performing emergency functions before, during, and after an emergency event. Emergency events may be classified as (1) naturally occurring disasters, (2) hazardous materials incidents, (3) human -caused emergencies, (4) technological failures, or (5) infrastructure destruction. The City’s Emergency Planning team has ensured that the EOP supports the National Incident Management System (NIMS) and the Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS). The City will work together with State, Federal, and other local agencies to prevent, prepare for, respond to, and recover from incidents, regardless of cause, size, or complexity effectively and efficiently. The EOP supports the overall mission of the City and has been designed to support all collaborative emergency response efforts of all County, State and Federal agencies. The County of San Diego’s Unified Disaster Council (UDC) endorses and promulgates this document as the official Emergency Operations Plan of the City of Chula Vista. The plan addresses Emergency Preparedness (those activities supporting enduring operational readiness) and Emergency Response (those immediate and ongoing actions that lead the jurisdiction through an identified crisis or disaster event). The City is responsible for the development and maintenance of the local EOP. This plan is continually reviewed to ensure that it complies with all existing Federal, State, and local statutes. All Federal and State laws supersede the policies and procedures listed in this plan. The Emergency Response portion of the plan will be tested, revised, and updated as required. All recipients of this document are requested to advise the City regarding recommendations for improvement. The present plan has been reviewed and is hereby approved. Effective: 07/21/2021 Page 104 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 8 SECTION I: PREFACE APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION The City of Chula Vista is committed to providing for the safety of all city residents and local properties. Community safety is dependent upon the continuation of public services before, during and after an emergency or disaster. Federal, state, and local laws direct the City to develop comprehensive emergency management plans that identify and prepare for all-hazards, including natural disasters, technological failures, infectious disease outbreaks, international or domestic terror attacks and catastrophic damage to infrastructure. The City of Chula Vista must be ever ready, equipped and properly trained to respond to, and recover from, any of these situations. The City of Chula Vista Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) was developed in accordance with following recommended guidance from the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) Comprehensive Preparedness Guide 101 Version 2.0. The EOP addresses the emergency response functions of local government departments, public officials, and other public and private organizations during emergencies/disasters. The plan was developed through a collaborative effort of City departments, including public safety agencies such as fire, law enforcement, and public works. These organizations play a vital role in responding to emergencies. The EOP applies to all persons participating in protection, prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery efforts within the City. Furthermore, all stakeholders are encouraged to maintain their own procedures and actively participate in the training, exercises, and maintenance needed to support this plan. The City of Chula Vista EOP is based on the County of San Diego Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan (OA EOP). It is designed to meet the needs of the City with respect to organizational structure and identified hazards. The City of Chula Vista Emergency Management Program is responsible for the development and maintenance of the City’s EOP. Any changes to the plan must be submitted to the Emergency Management Program for official updates to the plan. There is no official requirement for the City’s chief executive or city council to address or approve minor changes and daily operational issues. It will be necessary, however, when major changes or responsibilities are modified. Page 105 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 9 ATTESTATION OF PLAN CONCURRENCE The parties responsible for developing this EOP have noted each instance when a local department, partnering jurisdiction, or collaborating agency (public or private) is mentioned in the present document. Respecting the importance of plan concurrence, each of these mentioned entities has been notified of its role in the City’s plan and have responded with verbal or written acknowledgment and consent. Page 106 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 10 SECTION II: PLAN GUIDANCE PURPOSE This Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) was developed to describe the local, comprehensive emergency management system, which provides for a coordinated response to any natural disaster or man-made emergency. The plan establishes the emergency organization and addresses the coordination of emergency response activities. The goal of this plan is to provide for a coordinated effective response to ensure the protection of life, property, resources, and the environment. This plan was developed with input from partnering jurisdictions within San Diego County and is consistent with operational concepts defined in plans throughout the region, including the Operational Area (OA) Emergency Operations Plan (EOP). The EOP facilitates coordination among responding agencies, clearly defining areas of responsibility for effective response to any emergency. SCOPE This EOP applies to any extraordinary emergency, within the City’s limits, associated with any hazard, natural or human-caused. These emergencies may affect the City and may result in a coordinated response by multiple local government departments and personnel, partner agencies, or regional jurisdictions. The City of Chula Vista, hereinafter referred to as Chula Vista or the City, acknowledging that all emergencies begin and end locally, asserts its responsibility for ensuring emergency preparedness, response, and recovery activities for all populations within the geographic boundary that defines the City. The Emergency Organization of Chula Vista includes all City departments having a role in emergency preparedness, response, and recovery. The organization also includes sources of outside support. These sources may be provided through mutual aid agreements or through other formal or non-formal collaboration with private, non-profit, or public agencies. The operational response concepts outlined in this plan will be employed by all responding departments and agencies. The EOP is flexible and scalable and can be adapted, as necessary, to satisfy the response needs of the emergency. This EOP has been developed to provide guidance for the City based on the following goals and objectives:  Provide a comprehensive system for effectively managing operations during a declared emergency Page 107 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 11  Describe how the City will protect the life and property of vulnerable populations or individuals with Access and Functional Needs (AFN) (i.e., persons with disabilities, seniors, children, individuals with limited English proficiency, and those who are transportation-disadvantaged)  Clearly identify lines of authority and response relationships  Assign tasks and responsibilities and equip individuals with the resources to fulfill their roles  Ensure adequate maintenance of facilities, services, and resources in advance of an emergency.  Facilitate recovery efforts by providing proper inventory and resource management OVERVIEW OF THE CITY The city of Chula Vista is the second-largest city in San Diego County, with a population of 274,492, and the 21st largest of 450 California cities. Geographically, Chula Vista is comprised of more than 50 square miles of coastal landscape, canyons, rolling hills, and mountains. Chula Vista extends from the San Diego Bay on the west to the Otay Lake and Otay Mountain the in east. Chula Vista is located just over seven miles from U.S. international border of Mexico. Chula Vista is considered to have a semi-arid climate with Mediterranean characteristics. As with the rest of California, Southern California in particular, the City of Chula Vista is affected by increasingly warmer temperatures. Chula Vista is home to an estimated 44% of all businesses in the South Bay and continues to be one of the fastest growing cities in San Diego County. Chula Vista ranks among the nation's top ten governments in terms of employee productivity and local debt levels. Two of the larger developments in the City of Chula Vista will include the new Chula Vista Bayfront and the University Innovation District. Chula Vista is also home of the Elite Athlete Training Center, a 155-acre training center for Olympic & Paralympic athletes. The Sweetwater Union High School District (largest secondary school district in California), the Chula Vista Elementary School District (49 schools), and Southwestern Community College also reside within the city of Chula Vista. Page 108 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 12 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION The following hazards were identified by the Chula Vista LPG as their top five hazards. A brief rational for including each of these is included 1. Wildfire/Structure Fire: Due to the proximity of wildlands and natural and naturalized open spaces within steep canyon areas in and near urbanized areas developed prior to the enactment of the City’s Urban-Wildland interface Code in 2000, combined with the probability of a wildland fire occurring each year, wildland/structure fires present the greatest hazard to the City of Chula Vista. 2. Geologic (Earthquake, Landslide, Liquefaction): Due to its relative distance from the closest known active earthquake fault (Rose Canyon Fault), the City of Chula Vista is at low to moderate risk to damage from earthquakes, except in its northwestern most regions. The landslide threat is focused in the older developed areas around steep canyon slopes of known slide potential. The threat of liquefaction is relatively low; however, the alluvial areas of the Sweetwater and Otay Rivers and the Telegraph Canyon Channel are subject to liquefaction in both developed and undeveloped areas. 3. Floods/Dam Inundation: Significant portions of the southerly, northerly, and westerly developed areas of the City of Chula Vista are within FEMA- mapped 100-year floodplains. However, the threat of flood hazard is relatively low due to the City’s emphasis on identifying and prioritizing for improvement several undersized and inadequate storm drains and drainage channels since the late 1960’s, the low probability of the occurrence of flood-producing storms in any given year, and the requirement that new development includes flood-detention and flood control facilities. In addition, because the City of Chula Vista is downstream of two major dams – the Savage (Lower Otay) Dam and the Sweetwater Dam – the possibility of dam inundation in and adjacent to the Sweetwater and Otay River Channels exists, although the likelihood of failure of these dams is considered relatively small due to their construction. 4. Other Manmade Hazards (Airplane Crashes, Hazardous Materials release/Rail Disaster Spills): The City of Chula Vista is within the flight paths of Lindbergh Field, Brown Field, Tijuana Airport, Ream Field, and North Island Naval Station. The possibility of an airplane crash on take-off Page 109 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 13 or approach from any of these facilities is relatively low, but the cumulative hazard from all these facilities is significant. There are also a number of hazardous materials in large quantities in a few stationary locations within the City of Chula Vista, as well as mobile hazard sources. These hazardous materials although well contained, exist primarily west of Interstate 805, and have the potential to expose thousands of citizens to various degrees of hazard. 5. Extreme Heat and Drought: While the City of Chula Vista enjoys a mild, Mediterranean climate, the community is still susceptible to extreme weather events, which are anticipated to be amplified by climate change. Scientists forecast that average summer temperatures will be 4.8F higher in the near future, with extreme heat events also becoming more frequent and intense in the region. These heat events present a direct hazard to residents without air-conditioning and to vulnerable populations (such as seniors and the medically fragile). Extreme heat events can also impact local air quality conditions through the increase of smog-forming, ground- level ozone levels and result in additional public health concerns. Finally, sustained dry weather conditions further stress local water supplies as well as increase wildfire threats. Page 110 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 14 PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS The following statements are universally applied to emergency operations across jurisdictions in the County of San Diego:  Emergency management activities are accomplished using the Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) and the National Incident Management System (NIMS).  Disasters begin and end at the local level. Thus, emergency response is best coordinated at the lowest level of government involved in the emergency.  Local responders provide the first response in the community, focused on initial efforts to save lives and property. Local authorities maintain operational control and responsibility for emergency management activities within their jurisdiction, unless otherwise superseded by statute or agreement.  When a jurisdiction becomes overwhelmed by the size or complexity of an emergency event, Mutual Aid will be requested and provided as it is available. Non-governmental Organizations (NGO), (both private and non-profit), may also supplement response.  Mitigation activities conducted prior to the occurrence of a disaster result in a potential reduction in loss of life, injuries, and damage.  Supporting plans and procedures are updated and maintained by responsible parties. APPROACHES TO PLANNING All-Hazards Planning The City has taken an all-hazards stance when planning for the emergency needs of the community. This approach is an integrated method of emergency preparedness that focuses on capacities and capabilities that are critical to preparedness for a full spectrum of emergencies or disasters. The means that the local jurisdiction is committed to developing these capacities and capabilities that matter during a time of crisis or emergency. It ensures that the City and its stakeholders have the proper training, supplies, and leadership to address a broad range of threats. The City’s all-hazards planning approach identifies the resources required, and the steps to be taken, before and after an incident. It strives to minimize injuries and/or destruction of property and all categories of resources. The approach takes that which is complex and extensive and breaks it down into manageable tasks that rely on standardized terminology and protocols. Page 111 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 15 Whole Community and Inclusive Emergency Management Practices The City is fully committed to planning for the needs of the entire community without regard to a person’s demographic profile. The Whole Community Planning concept maintains the necessity of including diverse partnerships with residents, emergency management representatives, organizational and community leaders, and government officials. This is done to improve the assessment and understanding of the needs of various constituents and partners and to organize and strengthen community resources, capacities, and interests. Engaging in whole community emergency management planning leads to demonstrable benefits including societal security and post-incident resiliency. Community resiliency depends on several critical factors:  An ability of first responder agencies (e.g., fire service, law enforcement, and emergency medical services) to seamlessly transition from routine response activities to extra-ordinary emergency operations  A robust and coordinated emergency management organization that can coordinate with State and regional partners through an effective and efficient Emergency Operations Center (EOC), mass notification and alerting process, an interoperable communications platform, and an accurate and timely public information structure  A well-prepared and informed community which is supported through the collaborative efforts of the areas private, public, and non-profit sectors. In accordance with the whole community approach, this plan was developed by soliciting the input and guidance from various stakeholders, including, but not limited to: representatives from County departments/agencies, City departments, special districts, law enforcement and fire services personnel, emergency managers and planners, Access and Functional Needs (AFN) advocates, tribal communities (where appropriate), business and industry representatives, and various other stakeholders reflecting a culturally diverse community. In the City, all programs, services, and activities provided to residents during times of emergency, to maximum extent feasible, will be inclusive of individuals with disabilities and others with access and functional needs. The following are key focus areas for supporting persons with physical, cognitive, or emotional challenges.  Accessible transportation  Assistance animals  Dietary restrictions and needs  Assistive equipment and services Page 112 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 16  Accessible public messaging  Evacuation assistance  Restoration of essential services  Language translation and interpretation services  Service delivery site Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) compliance The City complies with all Federal and State laws that govern the service of individuals with disabilities, access and functional needs, and/or a range of other cultural vulnerabilities during emergency planning phases and emergency response. Federal laws informing the City’s planning efforts include:  Architectural Barriers Act of 1968  Rehabilitation Act of 1973  Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1975  Fair Housing Act Amendments of 1988  Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act of 1988  Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990  Telecommunications Act of 1996  Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006  Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act of 2010 The City also complies with California Government Code § 8593.3, which requires government agencies to integrate planning for the needs of individuals with access and functional needs into emergency operations plans. As stated in the code, this includes planning for individuals who have developmental or intellectual disabilities, physical disabilities, chronic conditions, injuries, limited English proficiency or who are non-English speaking, older adults, children, people living in institutionalized settings, or those who are low income, homeless, or transportation disadvantaged, including, but not limited to, those who are dependent on public transit or those who are pregnant. At the time of this printing, an amendment to the afore-mentioned Code (§ 8593.3) has been proposed (Senate Bill 160—An act to add Section 8593.3.5 to the Government Code, relating to emergencies). The update mandates the County, and by extension the City to ensure cultural competency across all emergency planning efforts. While the County is directed to establish a separate community advisory board for the purpose of cohosting, coordinating, and conducting outreach forums inclusive of culturally diverse communities, the City has, and will continue to take steps to build competencies relative to a culturally diverse community. Cultural competence means the ability to understand, value, communicate with, and Page 113 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 17 effectively interact with people across cultures to ensure that the needs of all community members are addressed, with priority given to culturally diverse communities. It includes, but is not limited to, being respectful and responsive to the cultural and linguistic needs of diverse population groups. A culturally diverse community includes, but is not limited to, race and ethnicity, including indigenous peoples, communities of color, and immigrant and refugee communities; gender, including women; age, including the elderly and youth; sexual and gender minorities; people with disabilities; occupation and income level including low-income individuals and the unhoused; education level; people with no or limited English language proficiency; as well as geographic location. Page 114 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 18 SECTION III: CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS (CON-OPS) OVERVIEW OF CON-OPS It is the responsibility of the City to establish and maintain a comprehensive approach to emergency management to mitigate the effects of hazardous events. The City has the primary responsibility for preparedness and response activities within its jurisdiction. The City’s emergency organization operates under SEMS and NIMS, which are based on the Incident Command System (ICS) and the Multi-Agency Coordination System (MACS). These management systems are designed to provide a structure for response to any emergency, large or small. SEMS consists of the emergency management systems of all local jurisdictions (including special districts), OAs (county-wide), Cal OES Mutual Aid Regions (two or more counties) and State Government. SEMS is scalable and may not require a complete activation of all levels. The incident will dictate the level of activation required. PREPAREDNESS During non-emergency times, the City remains in a constant state of readiness. The potential for natural disasters and/or man-made hazards/incidents places a continued emphasis on preparedness activities. Preparedness activities are those activities which help City staff support and enhance response to an emergency. Emergency planning, staff training and exercises, hazard identification and assessment, resource identification, public awareness and education focus on the City’s preparedness for all- hazards. City public safety departments other entities, iden tified in this plan as having either a primary or support responsibilities during emergencies, maintain policies and procedures for responding. City personnel receive training on emergency response procedures, both at the field level, and in the EOC. Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) The CERT program is an all-risk, all-hazard training, designed to educate residents in the community about disaster preparedness. CERT is a valuable program that helps residents protect themselves, their families, their neighbors, and their neighborhood during an emergency. The City CERT program provides preparedness opportunities to city residents through various workshops and training courses. Public Education/Outreach: The Chula Vista Fire Department and Chula Vista Police Department support emergency preparedness through public education. Various divisions within each of these public safety departments are dedicated to engaging with the community and Page 115 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 19 providing valuable information and resources to help residents prepared for emergencies. The Fire Department Public Education and Media Specialist works directly with the public to inform about the different hazards affecting Chula Vista communities. Routine community presentations, including classroom education at local schools, are a vital component of increasing public knowledge about emergency preparedness, response, and recovery operations. In addition, the City’s Office of Communications provides timely reminders and tips through various platforms such as monthly City newsletters and social media posts. There are year-round campaigns the City uses to engage with the public and deliver messages encouraging residents to get prepared, including but not limited to National Preparedness Month, Tsunami Preparedness Week, National Night Out, and the Great Shakeout. Training and Exercises: The City strives to ensure personnel have the training necessary to perform daily operations and serve in an emergency role during any incident. The City follows the NIMS guidelines to ensure EOC personnel are adequately trained and familiar with their roles and responsibilities during emergency response. The City also participates in the countywide reoccurring two-year exercise schedule, which includes a tabletop exercise in year one, followed by a full-scale exercise in year two. Every two-year cycle focuses on a different hazard/scenario and provides an opportunity for emergency responders and EOC staff to test regional coordination, plans and procedures. In addition, the City engages in internal exercises as needed to test city-specific operations, policies, and procedures. MITIGATION Emphasis is placed on mitigation measures to reduce losses from disasters, including the development and enforcement of appropriate land use, design , and construction regulations. Identified hazards will be made safer via ordinance, regulations, public awareness campaigns, special mitigation projects, and policy making. The City has identified its top hazards and corresponding mitigation activities, listed in the Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (San Diego County, 2017). The City’s Development Services Department – Building Division enforces earthquake building code standards. Additionally, all City projects are subjected to an environmental assessment initial report which provides site-specific information on existing natural hazards and other environmental concerns. Page 116 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 20 The City’s zoning ordinances and the California Building Code support mitigation efforts through the enforcement of fire codes and earthquake standards. Other city regulations help mitigate potential hazards through several code enforcements such as installation of water systems of adequate size and pressure for firefighting, ensuring adequate roadway widths for emergency vehicle access, and avoiding projects in floodplains. Additionally, the City continually applies for hazard mitigation grants through the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program and the Pre-Disaster Mitigation grants that are offered through the state. RESPONSE Whenever possible, all emergency response activities will be initiated and managed locally with City resources. The City is responsible for directing and coordinating emergency operations, while other levels within the SEMS structure provide support as needed. When the emergency exceeds the City’s capabilities or capacities, mutual aid assistance should be requested through established agreements with other jurisdictions (local, State or Federal) or the San Diego County Operational Area (OA), All responses to an emergency will progress through the established SEMS process. The chart below depicts the five organizational levels of SEMS and how activation levels are tied to the size and scope of the evolving incident. CHART 1 SEMS ORGANIZATIONAL LEVELS STATE OPERATIONS The coordination of the State’s resources is fully integrated with federal agencies. REGIONAL OPERATIONS All information and available resources are managed and coordinated among operational areas. OA OPERATIONS Information, resources, and priorities are managed by all local governments within the boundaries of the affected County. LOCAL OPERATIONS The affected jurisdiction disseminates local information, city resources, and immediate priorities within its boundaries. Page 117 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 21 FIELD OPERATIONS A local Incident Commander assesses the current emergency, sets response priorities, mobilizes, and coordinates all available resources, identifies additional equipment and personnel needs, and releases, as appropriate, on-scene information.  All incidents will be managed at the lowest possible level, using standard operating procedures established by the responding departments or agencies.  Responders will use the established Incident Command System (ICS) to manage response operations.  If an incident exceeds normal incident response procedures, the City will activate established mutual aid channels prior to requesting support from the OA. Local, On Scene Command and Control The Incident Commander (IC) identified by the appropriate agency, (i.e., Law Enforcement, Fire, or Public Works), will assume responsibility for all emergency response activities. These responsibilities include:  Assessing the scope of the presenting emergency  Identifying immediate and short-term goals and objectives  Determining the overarching response needs  Initiating the development of strategies and tactics  Establishing operational periods; and  Authorizing and mobilizing the necessary response resources The IC, with input from the command staff and general staff, has overall authority and responsibility for conducting incident operations within the parameters of the defined emergency. When multiple command authorities are involved, the incident will typically be led by a Unified Command effort. The Unified Command team is comprised of officials from separate agencies who have legally established jurisdictional authority, but who must cooperate with other agencies to achieve the emergency management goals and objectives. Unified Command provides direct, on- scene control of tactical operations. At the tactical level, on-scene incident command and management organization are located at an Incident Command Post, which is typically comprised of local and mutual aid responders. Page 118 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 22 Additional Response Considerations During emergency response, it is important to ensure that preparedness and response strategies serve the needs of the entire population within the city. This includes vulnerable populations. Strategies rooted in inclusive emergency management practices will ensure that all populations are considered, and the necessary services are provided to all impacted communities. Physical, Programmatic and Communications Needs Emergencies are not selective about the communities or the people they impact. Individuals with disabilities and others with access and functional needs may experience a greater impact from disasters because of disruptions in their support systems and loss of equipment, supplies, transportation, and communication. The City, in coordination with the County of San Diego, continues to plan for the needs of individuals with disabilities and access and functional needs, including but not limited to providing accessible transportation during evacuations, providing public information in multiple languages, language translation services at evacuation and recovery centers, and training first responders on how to interact with persons with physical, cognitive, and emotional disabilities. There are key principles to consider when planning for the needs of persons with disabilities and access and functional needs. These principles guide the programs and activities necessary for addressing the needs of these individuals: Equal Access: People with disabilities must be able to access the same programs and services as the general population. Physical Access: People with disabilities must be able to access locations where emergency programs and services are provided. Access to Effective Communication: People with disabilities must be given the same information provided to the general population. Communications with people with disabilities must be as effective as communications with others. Inclusion: People with disabilities have the right to participate in and receive the benefits of emergency programs, services, and activities. Integration: Emergency programs, services, and activities typically must be provided in an integrated setting. Program Modifications: People with disabilities must have equal access to programs and services, which may entail modifications. Page 119 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 23 No Charge: People with disabilities may not be charged to cover the costs of measures necessary to ensure equal access and nondiscrimination. Essential Needs of Children It has been established that children have unique physical and emotional needs when a disaster occurs. Children are at increased risk of physical, psychological, developmental, and emotional harm, and respond differently to these traumatic events than adults do. Children require protection from physical harm, exploitation or violence, psychosocial distress, family separation, abuses related to evacuation, denial of access to quality education and recruitment into gangs. Working with partner agencies, the City’s goal is to adequately address these needs and provide for children. Regarding family separation, the City shelters (in conjunction with the American Red Cross) require the intake of family units. Parents and children are linked through an established identification system and children are not allowed to leave the shelter without being accompanied by the adult they came with. When dealing with unaccompanied minors, arrangements are made to bring in support from law enforcement and County of San Diego Child Support Services to ensure they receive the additional assistance they need. Additionally, arrangements are made to provide children in shelters a “normal” lifestyle, including play areas, dietary needs, and opportunities to communicate with trained professionals reading emotional and psychological concerns. Household Pets and Service Animals The Chula Vista Animal Care Facility is equipped to shelter animals in an emergency response situation. Animal Control Officers are available 365 days per year on a standby basis to pick up dangerous or injured animals. We have vehicles for transport, including animal control trucks, a transport van and our spay bus. Additionally, the shelter received an Emergency Response Trailer as a donation from the American Kennel Club to help with the transport of animals in an emergency. CVACF is a member of the regional welfare coalition with Coronado, El Cajon, County of San Diego, Friends of Cats, Rancho Coastal Humane Society, and the San Diego Humane Society. The partners of the coalition collectively assist one another during emergencies. Page 120 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 24 RECOVERY A successful recovery operation begins before the disaster occurs. Recovery operations include the development, coordination, and execution of service - and site-restoration plans for impacted communities, as well as the reconstitution of government operations and services. The City participated in the development of the San Diego County Operational Area Recovery Plan, which is activated as necessary during any emergency requiring large scale recovery activities. The City will appoint an overseer of all the recovery efforts in the aftermath of a declared emergency. This person will manage the City’s recovery operations in accordance with the recovery plan. As the incident transitions from response to recovery, EOC staff will be reassigned as necessary to support the recovery operation and fulfill recovery roles and responsibilities. Page 121 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 25 SECTION IV: ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITIES Below is a list of departments and assigned personnel responsible for the tasks and responsibilities needed to effectively manage an extra -ordinary event or declared emergency. The list represents the Emergency Organization of the jurisdiction . Disaster Council  The Mayor chairs the local Disaster Council  The Disaster Council develops emergency plans, agreements, and mutual aid plans  The Council develops ordinances, resolutions, rules, and regulations to implement emergency and mutual aid plans  It provides direction for the emergency organization Mayor and City Council  The Mayor ensures the continuity of government during emergencies or disasters.  The Mayor Serves as the primary spokesperson to the media for the City (in coordination with the City’s Public Information Officer (PIO)  The City Council communicates with, and reports the needs of its constituents directly to the Director of Emergency Services (DES) and/or Mayor  The City’s Mayor and City Council conducts public meetings to determine the public’s needs and to identify any specific or general needs related to the disaster  The City Council validates/ratifies any Proclamations of Local Emergency  The City Council must approve the initial Proclamation of a Local Emergency within 7 days of the proclamation  The City Council must review and re-approve the Proclamation of a Local Emergency every 14 days  The City Council, in its capacity as the jurisdiction’s governing body, must address any specific issues or extra-ordinary concerns related to the current crisis that require its consideration  The City Council must review the requirements for special legislation and development of novel policies  The City Council establishes executive-level policies and passes critical resolutions for the management of the emergency  The Mayor and/or the City Council considers and advises both short- and long-term recovery strategies Page 122 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 26  The Mayor and/or individual members of the City Council host and accompany VIPs and government officials on tours of the emergency/disaster Policy Group  The Policy Group serves as the advisory body to the Emergency Operations Center  The Policy Group is made up of the City Manager and City department leadership  The Policy Group provides policy, direction, and guidance for incident management, including making executive/priority decisions  It advises the City Council on emergency response, recovery, and management issues  The Policy Group sets priorities and establishes policies governing EOC operations and activities  It ensures long-range, logistical, and recovery planning  It serves as the active liaison with elected officials in other jurisdictions throughout the OA  The Policy Group makes sure that all appropriate emergency proclamations are made Director of Emergency Services (DES) The City Manager is the Director of Emergency Services and is empowered to control and direct the effort of the emergency organization of this City to prepare and carry out emergency plans for the protection of persons and property within the city. Additionally, the Director will ensure that emergency functions are coordinated with all other public agencies, corporations, organizations and affected private persons during emergency response.  The Director requests proclamations for local emergencies  The DES requests the Governor to proclaim, as appropriate, a state of emergency  They coordinate the direction of the emergency organization  They represent the City in dealings with public and private agencies  The Director represents the emergency organization in front of the City Council to make and issue rules and regulations on matters reasonably related to the protection of life and property  The DES authorizes personnel to obtain the resources necessary for the protection of life and property  The Director authorizes the utilization of disaster services workers to support the emergency response Page 123 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 27 Assistant Director of Emergency Services The Assistant Director of Emergency Services is appointed by the Director and empowered to act on behalf of the Director in his/her absence. Line of Succession It is incumbent upon all levels of government to establish a line of succession of authority if current officers are unable to carry out their responsibilities. An individual serving as Acting City Manager/Director of Emergency Services has the authority and powers of the position of City Manager/Director of Emergency Services. Director of Emergency Services Line of Succession Order of Succession Title First Assistant City Manager Second Deputy City Manager(s) Third Emergency Service Chiefs (Fire Chief, Police Chief, Public Works Director – based on disaster type) Seat of Government It is incumbent upon all levels of government to designate temporary seats of government in the event the normal location is not available. The normal seat of government for the City of Chula Vista is located at the Civic Center, 276 Fourth Ave., Chula Vista, CA 91910. In the event this location is not available, the temporary seat of government will be located at the following locations below, unless another location is specifically designated: Order of Alternate Locations Location Address First Police Department 315 4th Ave, Chula Vista, CA 91910 Second Public Works Operations Center 1800 Maxwell Rd., Chula Vista CA 91910 Third Civic Center Library 365 F St, Chula Vista, CA 91910 Page 124 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 28 The City Clerk maintains a “Clerk in a Box”, which includes the materials needed to continue City Council meetings and City Administration operations as necessary. Materials include vital records (Municipal Code), important handbooks and forms (resolutions, agendas, minutes, etc.), and various other supplies. Fire Department (FD)  The Fire Department is responsible for daily fire suppression and prevention operation, including structural fires, medical emergency response, and hazardous materials response or public assistance  The Fire Department must maintain levels of training to respond to disasters that are beyond the scope of daily duties  The FD coordinates and conducts necessary training to adequately perform functions and responsibilities during emergencies  In coordination with Law Enforcement, FD maintains adequate training on procedures and processes for managing incidents at the field level using ICS, including but not limited to: 1) Train accidents, including light rail 2) Aircraft accidents, including military aircraft 3) Dam failure (consistent with inundation areas) 4) Hazardous material incidents (consistent with County’s Hazardous Materials Response Plan) 5) Earthquakes 6) Floods 7) Wildland fires 8) Landslides 9) Extreme weather or storm situations 10) Epidemics, pandemics, or the outbreaks of novel, highly transmissive infectious diseases 11) Mass casualty incidents  The Fire Department coordinates with Law Enforcement on emergency public alerts and warning procedures, utilizing the City’s mass notification system  The FD directs all actions which stabilize and mitigate the emergency including controlling fires, saving lives, safeguarding property, and assisting other emergency services in restoring normal conditions  It conducts mutual aid activities in accordance with established operat ional procedures  It conducts windshield surveys as part of damage assessment activities Page 125 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 29 Law Enforcement (LE)  Law Enforcement (police officers, sheriffs, sheriff’s deputies, etc.) assists with such activities as evacuations, traffic control/direction, scene security, search and rescue operations (if appropriately trained) and a variety of other activities that fall within the purview of law enforcement agencies  LE coordinates and conducts necessary training to adequately perform functions and responsibilities during emergencies  LE receives and disseminates warning information to the public  It facilitates operations for evacuations/movement operations and traffic and crowd control operations, including the identification of evacuation routes, evacuation reception areas, shelter locations, and access controls for evacuated areas  It coordinates the establishment of emergency traffic routing and ingress/egress procedures with other local and state agencies (e.g., California Highway Patrol)  LE supports search and rescue operations  It provides security for essential facilities, services, and resources  In coordination with the Fire Department, Law Enforcement maintains adequate training on procedures and processes for managing incidents at the field level using ICS, including but not limited to those emergency situations listed above in the Fire Department section  Law Enforcement provides staff to serve as Terrorism Liaison Officer(s) (TLO) to the San Diego Law Enforcement Coordination Center  TLO shall receive critical information to maintain situational awareness on threat levels, activity, and the like, and provide information to the emergency organization for planning and response purposes  Law Enforcement promotes awareness to the City’s residents regarding vigilance and the importance of deterring criminally related activity, and it provides a platform for sharing this information among the public and first responders Public Works (PW)  The Public Works Department is responsible for providing and managing the City's infrastructure, parks and open space through established and practiced operations, responsive maintenance, and emergency construction to optimize mobility, public and environmental health and safety during an emergency  During an emergency response, Public Works is responsible for a variety of services needed to preserve public safety Page 126 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 30  Public Works coordinates and conducts necessary training to adequately perform functions and responsibilities during emergencies  The department provides qualified personnel to staff the EOC  Public Works supports the execution of emergency contracting support for lifesaving and life-sustaining services, to include providing potable water, ice, emergency power, and other emergency commodities and services  PW manages, monitors, and/or provides technical advice in the clearance, removal, and disposal of contaminated and non-contaminated debris from public property  PW manages and coordinates contracted transportation vehicles and facilities  The Public Works department Implements storm response procedures such as providing sandbags, clearance of drainage canals, culverts, sewers, etc. Engineering Department  The Engineering Department provides engineering services, technical expertise and oversight for the development and operations of the City’s public infrastructure and facilities  The Engineering Department coordinates and conducts necessary training to adequately perform functions and responsibilities during emergencies  The Department provides qualified personnel to staff the EOC  It supports the restoration of utilities by evaluating and repairing transportation systems (roads, bridges, etc.)  It provides emergency repair of damaged infrastructure and critical public facilities  The Engineering Department coordinates and provides structural specialists with the requisite expertise to support inspection of mass care facilities and urban search and rescue operations  The Engineering Department assists in the monitoring and stabilization of damaged structures and the demolition of structures designated as immediate hazards to public health and safety  The Department supports mass evacuations through traffic engineering controls Recreation Department  The Recreation Department serves as the lead for mass care and shelter operations during disasters  The Recreation Department manages the City’s recreational facilities, which may become mass care shelters during an emergency Page 127 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 31  The Department develops procedures for mobilizing Recreation personnel and pre-positioning resources and equipment  It ensures that an adequate number of Recreation personnel are trained in shelter operations  The Recreation Department provides qualified staff to the EOC for coordination of shelter operations with emergency response  The Department requests appropriate mutual aid support for medical care and public health at City shelters  In coordination with the American Red Cross, the Recreation Department develops procedures for the proper care of displaced persons (shelter operations)  The Recreation Department ensures that all mass care operations address the whole community including those with disabilities and other access and functional needs  In coordination with the Animal Care Facility, the Department develops procedures for the care and shelter of pets and livestock  It follows established procedures to coordinate care for unaccompanied minors Animal Care Facility  The designated Animal Care Facility ensures that the health and safety of animals and people with animals in their care  During emergencies, Animal Care Facility staff prepare and maintain procedures and functional checklists for animal control response to the current disaster or emergency  Staff responsible for Animal Care coordinate planning efforts with the County of San Diego Department of Animal Services  The Animal Care facility is responsible for ensuring adequately trained personnel can be mobilized for response operations  Animal Care providers will assign qualified staff to the EOC for coordination of matters related to animals during disasters  Animal Care personnel will provide for the immediate care, control, and safety of animals  They will coordinate the transportation of animals to appropriate animal care facilities  Animal Care efforts will minimize animal suffering, loss of life, and potential disability by ensuring timely and coordinated assistance  Staff and properly trained volunteers will be assigned to provide for the care of animals brought to shelters or housed at staging areas and evacuation sites Page 128 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 32  Animal Care managers will provide a system for returning animals to their owners after the crisis event Office of Communications  The Office of Communications is responsible for implementing a proactive, informative, creative, and innovative marketing and communications program  One of the most important roles of the Office of Communications is to help our community access information about the current crisis and information about the availability of services from the local, county or state governments  During disasters, the Office of Communications provides the public with timely and accurate information and instructions which are essential to life safety and an effective response with public support  Working closely with the EOC and first responders, the Office of Communications will coordinate all aspects of public information  The Office of Communications will provide qualified staff to serve in the EOC  It will provide personnel trained as Public Information Officers  The Office will participate in the countywide Joint Information System (JIS) with PIOs throughout the region and share pertinent information related to the disaster  A designated official from the City’s Office of Communications serves as the lead for all public information related duties  The Communication lead directs and coordinates all aspects of communication with the media, the public, and other public and private agencies  The Office responds to local, national, and international media requests for interviews and/or information  It maintains the City’s website and provides comprehensive information to the public  The Office of Communications provides updates to the media and the public via the City’s social media platforms  A designee from the Office will monitor social media to keep abreast of messages and possible inquiries from the media, the public, and other response agencies  The Office monitors all traditional media and social media outlets and provides rumor control and corrects any misinformation about the incident  The Office of Communications makes sure that public messaging is released in multiple formats, allowing the message to reach the whole community, including those with disabilities and other access and functional needs Page 129 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 33 Finance Department  The Finance Department ensures that response operations are cost effective and that the City is documenting and tracking incident costs to maximize reimbursable expenses  The Finance Department develops procedures for procuring emergency resources to sustain operations  It develops the process for documenting the financial cost of disaster response and recovery operations  Finance Department personnel develop the processes and procedures for tracking employees’ time and issuing paychecks during disaster operations  The Department develops processes and procedures for submitting and processing workers’ compensation claims  It facilitates the disaster response reimbursement process with state and federal agencies Development Services Department  The Development Services Department serves a support function during disasters affecting the city  A designee from the Development Services Department may be appointed to serve as the Recovery Director and to ensure that recovery activities are implemented  The department may provide structural engineers and building inspectors for damage assessment activities, as well as for recovery efforts City Attorney  The City Attorney’s Office serves in a support role to all City departments by providing legal counsel on all City related matters  During an emergency the City Attorney’s office is responsible for actively supporting the Policy Group and advising it on all legal matters  The City Attorney helps in presenting emergency ordinances to the City Council  S/he assists in the development of emergency proclamations Information Technology Services (IT)  The Information Technology Services department provides citywide technology services, solutions, and support to all departments within the City Page 130 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 34  During stable operations, IT develops, implements, operates, and maintains computer hardware and software systems to improve the operational efficiency and effectiveness of all departments  During an emergency, IT will ensure communications networks and software programs are functioning properly and efficiently  IT oversees the installation of communications resources within the EO C  IT ensures that radio, telephone and computer resources and services are provided to EOC staff, as required  The Department provides expertise to City officials as it relates to cyber threats Human Resources (HR)  The Human Resources Department develops and manages the delivery of human resources services and programs  The Human Resources Department serves in a support role for emergency preparedness and response operations  During an identified disaster, HR will promote personal emergency preparedness to City staff  It will provide information to City staff about the Disaster Services Worker (DSW) program  In coordination with the Emergency Management Program, the Department of Human Resources will recruit qualified personnel to serve as members of the EOC  HR will provide department staff to serve in EOC roles  It will provide information on time policies for emergency personnel during emergency response  HR personnel will process worker’s compensation claims for emergency personnel  The Department will develop plans addressing the safety, welfare, and health of all employees before, during and after a disaster  The Department will develop evacuation plans for employees, visitors, customers, sub-contractors, and vendors who work or operate at City facilities City Clerk  The City Clerk is responsible for preparing all logistical requirements for conducting City Council business and meetings, maintaining a record of all Council proceedings, and maintaining the citywide records management program Page 131 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 35  During a disaster the City Clerk will support response operations by collecting documentation related to incident response and adhering to all established record retention policies  The City Clerk will provide support in the development of local emergency proclamations Supporting Organizations Supporting organizations are likely to be used to support local operations in all functional areas of emergency response. Supporting organizations include state and federal agencies and departments, local organizations, nonprofit organizations, private sector, and other voluntary organizations. Supporting organizations in San Diego County include, but are not limited to: County of San Diego (OA) ▪ The County of San Diego is responsible for serving as the operational area coordinator and will facilitate coordination among responding agencies ▪ The County of San Diego commits several County departments to disaster response in their respective functional areas ▪ These departments include, Office of Emergency Services, Environmental Health, Public Health, Communications, Fire, LE, etc. California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) ▪ Cal OES provides support to the local jurisdiction through the operational area coordinator ▪ Cal OES serves as the conduit between the local jurisdiction and the federal government ▪ Resources can be requested through established chain of command and will be coordinated via the mission tasking system ▪ State agencies will provide direct or indirect support to the local jurisdiction for a wide range of activities Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) ▪ FEMA’s mission is to help before, during, and after disasters ▪ FEMA provides resources for all phases of emergency management, and most notably provides disaster relief programs for those affected by disaster CERT ▪ The CERT program educates people about disaster preparedness for hazards that may impact their area and trains them in basic disaster response skills, such as fire safety, light search and rescue, team organization, and disaster medical operations Page 132 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 36 ▪ Using the training learned in the classroom and during exercises, CERT members can assist others in their neighborhood or workplace following an event when professional responders are not immediately available to help ▪ CERT members also are encouraged to support emergency response agencies by taking a more active role in emergency preparedness projects in their community. Citizens Adversity Support Team (C.A.S.T.) ▪ Since 1993, CAST has provided 24-hour trauma coverage for the community ▪ Trained volunteers provide emotional support, arrange for follow -up services, serve as advocates for the rape victims, and generally assist families with their unique needs in time of trauma ▪ The CAST program is a coalition of the Chula Vista Police and Fire departments, American Medical Service, Scripps Memorial Hospital, Sharp Chula Vista Medical Center, and Greenwood and Glen Abbey Mortuaries. South Bay Amateur Radio Society (SOBARS) ▪ SOBARS volunteer members lend their expertise to the City to support emergency preparedness and response efforts in amateur radio and other communications services American Red Cross (ARC) ▪ The American Red Cross assists with shelter operations, including managing and operating shelters ▪ The ARC assists with family reunification ▪ It provides counseling services as necessary 2-1-1 ▪ 2-1-1 provides current emergency information to non-emergency callers ▪ It helps PIOs for media monitoring and rumor control ▪ 2-1-1 refers prospective volunteers to organizations that are accepting volunteer assistance Page 133 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 37 ROLES AND FUNCTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES Primary (Local) Supporting (Local) Supporting Agency EOC ACTIVATION City Manager City Council Deputy City Manager Mayor Asst City Manager Animal Care City Attorney City Clerk Communications Development Services Economic Development Finance Fire Human Resources Information Technology Law Enforcement Public Works Recreation Emergency Mgt PUBLIC INFORMATION Communications City Council Cal OES Mayor Cal Highway Patrol City Manager County Office of Educ Animal Care SDG&E Fire 2-1-1 San Diego Law Enforcement American Red Cross Public Works Salvation Army Recreation Humane Society Emergency Mgt County of SD (OA) DISASTER COUNCIL Mayor City Manager Assistant City Manager Fire Law Enforcement Public Works POLICY GROUP Mayor City Council City Manager City Clerk EMERG PROCLAMATION City Manager City Council Mayor City Attorney City Clerk Fire Law Enforcement Public Works Emergency Mgt PRESS CONFERENCES Mayor Communications County of SD (OA) City Manager Fire Law Enforcement Public Works Emergency Mgt Page 134 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 38 RUMOR CONTROL Communications 2-1-1 OPERATIONS RESPONSIBILITIES Primary (Local) Supporting (Local) Supporting Agency INCIDENT COMMAND Fire Law Enforcement Law Enforcement Fire Public Works Public Works Emergency Mgt EOC MANAGEMENT Emergency Mgt ALERT AND WARNING Law Enforcement Communications 2-1-1 San Diego Fire Public Works Emergency Mgt EVACUATION/RE-ENTRY Law Enforcement Fire Public Works Emergency Mgt ACCESS CONTROL Law Enforcement Fire TRAFFIC CONTROL Law Enforcement Public Works Cal Highway Patrol CROWD CONTROL Law Enforcement Fire Public Works ANIMAL RESCUE Animal Care Humane Society ESTABLISH PERIMETER Law Enforcement Public Works SITE/SCENE SECURITY Law Enforcement SEARCH AND RESCUE Fire Law Enforcement FIRE SUPPRESSION Fire City Manager County of SD (OA) Animal Care Communications Economic Development Law Enforcement Public Works Recreation Emergency Mgt HAZARDOUS MATERIALS County of SD (OA) Fire Law Enforcement Public Works Emergency Mgt RADIOLOGICAL PROTECT County of SD (OA Fire Emergency Mgt MED MULTI-CASUALTY Fire Law Enforcement County of SD (OA) Emergency Mgt Page 135 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 39 PUBLIC HEALTH County of SD (OA) Fire Emergency Mgt BEHAVIORAL HEALTH County of SD (OA) Emergency Mgt AGRICULTURE County of SD (OA) Emergency Mgt SHELTER OPERATIONS American Red Cross Recreation County of SD (OA) Recreation Emergency Mgt DEBRIS REMOVAL Public Works Emergency Mgt County of SD (OA) FLOOD FIGHTING Emergency Mgt UTILITY RESTORATION SDG&E Emergency Mgt Public Works PLANNING/INTEL RESPONSIBILITIES Primary (Local) Supporting (Local) Supporting Agency SITUATIONAL AWARENESS Emergency Mgt Animal Care Communications Development Services Economic Development Finance Fire Human Resources Information Technology Library Law Enforcement Public Works Recreation DOCUMENTATION City Clerk City Attorney Communications Finance Emergency Mgt GIS Information Technology ADVANCED PLANNING Development Services Emergency Mgt. LOGISTICS RESPONSIBILITIES Primary (Local) Supporting (Local) Supporting Agency SUPPLY Public Works TRANSPORTATION Public Works FACILITIES Public Works PERSONNEL Human Resources COMMUNICATION S/IT Information Technology VOLUNTEER COORDINATION Emergency Mgt County of SD (OA) County of SD (OA) Page 136 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 40 DONATIONS MGT Emergency Mgt County of SD (OA) (County of SD (OA) FINANCE/ADMIN RESPONSIBILITIES Primary (Local) Supporting (Local) Supporting Agency COMPENSATION/CLAIMS Finance Emergency Mgt COST ACCOUNTING Finance Emergency Mgt PROCUREMENT Finance Emergency Mgt REIMBURSEMENT Finance Emergency Mgt Cal OES County of SD (OA) RECOVERY RESPONSIBILITIES Primary (Local) Supporting (Local) Supporting Agency RECOVERY DIRECTOR Development Services Public Works Emergency Mgt DAMAGE ASSESSMENT Public Works Communications Cal OES Development Services County of SD (OA) Fire VOAD Law Enforcement Emergency Mgt DEBRIS REMOVAL Public Works Communications County of SD (OA) Finance VOAD Emergency Mgt PUBLIC ASSISTANCE Emergency Mgt City Council Cal OES Deputy City Manager County of SD (OA) Public Works INDIVIDUAL ASSISTANCE Emergency Mgt City Council Cal OES City Manager County of SD (OA) Public Works VOAD LOCAL ASSISTANCE CENTER County of SD (OA) Communications Cal OES Development Services VOAD Economic Development Finance Fire Public Works Recreation Emergency Mgt Page 137 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 41 SECTION V: ACTIVATION OF THE EOP INTRODUCTION The City’s EOP is an all-hazards plan that is scalable and flexible to meet the response needs of an incident. The EOP should be activated when an emergency has occurred (or might occur). The following circumstances would warrant an activation:  When so ordered by the City’s Director of Emergency Services, as designated in Municipal Code 2.14.090 and provided that the actual or potential emergency has been proclaimed in accordance with the existing ordinance; or  When the Operational Area (OA), County of San Diego Office of Emergency Services, proclaims a local emergency that includes the City; or  When the Governor has proclaimed a state of emergency in an area including the City; or  When a State of War Emergency has been proclaimed under the statutory triggers identified in the California Emergency Services Act (California Government Code Chapter 7:1:2 § 8620-8624); or  When there is a Presidential declaration of a national emergency AUTHORITY TO ACTIVATE THE EOP The City requires the Director of Emergency Services, and the other emergency services chiefs to develop and manage a comprehensive emergency management plan for the jurisdiction. These individuals are responsible for activating of the City’s EOP. The following personnel have the authority to activate the EOP:  City Manager (Assistant or Deputy—following established line of succession)  Director of Emergency Services (Assistant Director)  Fire Chief  Law Enforcement  Director of Public Works  Emergency Services Coordinator Page 138 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 42 LEVELS OF ACTIVATION The State of California Emergency Plan identifies three levels of emergencies used to categorize emergency response. These same levels are used by the San Diego County Operational Area (OA), and the City. CHART 2 ACTIVATION LEVEL CONDITIONS/DEFINITIONS NORMAL OPERATIONS/ MONITORING A constant state of readiness, wherein emergency management functions maintain situational awareness and operational capabilities. First responders manage day-to-day incidents within this level. LEVEL 3 A minor to moderate incident wherein local resources are adequate and available. A local emergency is unlikely LEVEL 2 A moderate to severe emergency wherein local resources are not adequate and mutual aid may be required from the OA, region, or state. A local emergency may or may not be proclaimed. LEVEL 1 Major disasters wherein resources in or near the impacted area are overwhelmed and extensive, and state and/or federal resources are required. A local emergency proclamation is likely, and state of emergency may be proclaimed. A presidential declaration of emergency or major disaster may be requested. Page 139 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 43 EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER (EOC)--OVERVIEW The Chula Vista Emergency Operations Center (EOC) is integral in the coordination of successful response and recovery operations. The EOC serves in support of the incident commander and field responders. With centralized decision making, personnel and other resources can be utilized more effectively. Coordination of activities through the EOC ensures that all tasks are accomplished with little or no duplication of effort, and with the highest probability of success. Day-to-day operations are conducted by departments and a gencies throughout the city. When a major emergency or disaster occurs, the EOC provides the centralized management needed to facilitate a coordinated response. EOC ACTIVATION The level of EOC activation is dependent on the severity of the impending disas ter or emergency. EOC activation levels are likely to correspond with the emergency response levels listed above. Activation Procedures:  The Incident Commander will submit a recommendation for EOC activation through their chain of command (Fire, Law Enforcement, and/or Public Works)  The Fire Chief, Law Enforcement Chief, or Public Works Director will notify the Director of Emergency Services (or City Manager) and advise of the impending emergency requiring EOC activation  The Director of Emergency Services will coordinate with City public safety personnel and decide on EOC activation  EOC staff will be notified through the City’s mass notification system of an EOC activation. The decision to activate the EOC may be considered under the following circumstances: EVENT ACTIVATION RECOMMENDED STAFF  Structure fire displacing large number of residents  Law Enforcement activity requiring evacuation or shelter in place  Two or more large incidents involving 2 or more City departments LEVEL 3 Monitoring  EOC Director  Operations Section Coordinator  Planning Section Coordinator  Public Information Officer Page 140 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 44 EVENT ACTIVATION RECOMMENDED STAFF  Notified of a credible attack on a target within the city boundaries  Minor earthquake of 4.0 – 4.9 magnitude within San Diego County and affecting the City  Severe storm predicted to bring high wind and heavy rain  Notification of Public Safety Power Shutoff (PSPS) affecting the City  EOC activation in a neighboring jurisdiction during a major event  Emergency involving multiple City departments with heavy resource involvement  Wildland fire threatening developed areas  Severe weather damage necessitating damage assessment information collection  Moderate Earthquake 5.0 – 5.9 magnitude centered in San Diego County. LEVEL 2 Transitional Activation (modified as needed)  All LEVEL ONE positions  Section Coordinators  Agency Representatives (as needed)  Branches/Units (as needed)  Any natural disaster casing evacuations and/or damages  Major Earthquake of 6.0 or greater, centered in the City or neighboring jurisdiction  A Local Emergency has been proclaimed for the City.  A State of Emergency has been declared by the Governor in our County. LEVEL 1 Full Activation  All EOC positions  Staff for second operational period alerted Page 141 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 45 Deactivation of the EOC The decision to deactivate the EOC will be a coordinated discussion among City leadership (the Policy Group) and the incident commander/unified command in the field. There are several factors that influence the decision to deactivate the EOC however, the EOC is generally deactivated when the incident response operations have concluded and begin transitioning to recovery operations. It should be noted that the EOC may need to remain activated to facilitate recovery operations. Therefore, EOC deactivations are situation dependent. EOC ORGANIZATION The City’s Emergency Services Coordinator is responsible for ensuring the on -going readiness of the EOC and EOC personnel. All City departments are required to provide staff to fill EOC positions as necessary. During emergency operations, the EOC, in accordance with SEMS, is organized into six major functional areas. They are: 1. Policy Group 2. Management 3. Operations 4. Planning/Intelligence 5. Logistics 6. Finance/Administration There are several procedural responsibilities common to all the sections. These responsibilities include gathering and verifying information; decision-making; coordinating; briefing; advising; following procedures; providing, notifying, and scheduling staff; and comprehensive record-keeping. The City’s EOC Organizational Chart can be found in the Appendix. EOC LOCATION The EOC is located at 276 Fourth Ave., Chula Vista. The Alternate EOC is located at 1800 Maxwell Rd., Chula Vista. The EOC will be used during any EOC activation unless that location is compromised or inaccessible. In such a circumstance, operations would be moved to the alternate EOC. If a physical set-up of the EOC is impossible, virtual technologies will be employed for the purposes of briefings, assignments monitoring, and dissemination of public information. Page 142 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 46 PROCLAMATION OF A LOCAL EMERGENCY The Director of Emergency Services may request the City Council to proclaim that there is a present or potential threat of a “local emergency.” In the absence of the Director, the legally appointed alternate may make this request. If the City Council is not in session, or cannot be convened in a timely manner, the Director (or duly appointed alternate) may issue the proclamation. The City Council must ratify any such proclamation at its next regularly scheduled council meeting. If the Council does not act to ratify the proclamation at that time, the proclamation will have no further force or effect. It may, however, be terminated sooner by the City Council at a special meeting called by the council for that purpose. In the local proclamation, the Director of Emergency Services may also request the Governor to proclaim a “state of emergency” when, in the opinion of the Director, the locally available resources are inadequate to cope with the emergency. Whenever a local emergency is proclaimed, a copy of the proclamation will be sent to the County of San Diego Office of Emergency Services. In its capacity as the Operational Area, that agency will be asked to forward the local proclamation to the State for further considerations. A local proclamation empowers the Director of Emergency Services to:  Make and issue rules and regulations on matters reasonably related to the protection of life and property as affected by such emergency; provided, however, such rules and regulations must be confirmed at the earliest practicable time by the city council  Obtain vital supplies, equipment, and such other properties found lacking and needed for the protection of life and property and to bind the city for the fair value thereof and, if required immediately, to commandeer the same for public use  Require emergency services of any city officer or employee and, in the event of the proclamation of a “state of emergency” in the county in which this city is located or the existence of a “state of war emergency”  Command the aid of as many citizens of this community as deemed necessary in the execution of his/her duties; such persons shall be entitled to all privileges, benefits, and immunities as are provided by state law for registered disaster services workers  Requisition necessary personnel or material of any City department or agency; and Page 143 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 47  Execute all his/her ordinary power as emergency manager, all the special powers conferred upon him/her by this chapter or by resolution or emergency plan pursuant hereto adopted by the City Council, and by any other lawful authority. MUTUAL AID Mutual aid, including personnel, supplies, and equipment, is provided in accordance with the California Master Mutual Aid Agreement, and other local Mutual Aid Agreements. (A link to the Master Mutual Aid Agreement may be found in the Appendix/Attachments section.) In San Diego County, jurisdictions are linked through various mutual aid agreements. The City, through its Fire, Law Enforcement, and Public Works Departments has existing mutual aid agreements, including automatic mutual aid, with regional partners. These agreements are often utilized daily and are always available on an as needed basis. The City’s EOP is supported by various strategic and tactical plans of City departments, as well as the operational plans of partner agencies throughout San Diego County. The City’s EOP is designed under the guidance of the Operational Area EOP. The emergency preparedness, response, and recovery process, polices, and activities described within this EOP are consistent with the uniform coordination that exists among all OA partners in local government, non-governmental organizations, and the private sector. Additional information about the process for mutual aid operations can be found in the functional annexes of the County of San Diego EOP. (See Attachments section) These annexes describe mutual aid coordination for fire and rescue, law enforcement, mass care and shelter, public health, public works, and many other functions. Page 144 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 48 SECTION VI: DIRECTION, CONTROL, AND COORDINATION The City utilizes the Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) for coordinating all local emergencies. The framework of SEMS incorporates the use of the Incident Command System, multi-agency or interagency coordination, Operational Area concepts, and the State’s Master Mutual Aid Agreement. SEMS is flexible, scalable, and designed to meet the operational needs of any situation. It can be partially or fully implemented to manage a potential or actual threat or an emerging or ongoing incident. SEMS may also be implemented in advance of a planned event which may increase the likelihood of a strain on existing emerg ency response resources. When appropriately initiated, SEMS allows for an incident -specific scaled response, the efficient delivery of needed resources, and the effective coordination of emergency response and management activities. The following is the hierarchy of the local response structure: ▪ Field or on-scene operations ▪ Department-specific operational coordination ▪ Situational Management coordinated at the Emergency Operations Center (EOC) ▪ San Diego County Operational Area (OA) assistance ▪ State Coordination ▪ Federal Coordination FIRST RESPONDERS (FIELD OPERATIONS/ON SCENE OPERATIONS) First Responders use ICS to manage response operations. All public safety departments follow standard operating procedures when managing an incident internally and/or in coordination with multiple City departments. During any incident, an Incident Commander (IC) or Unified Command post (UC) will be established. The IC/UC is responsible for developing and implementing the tactical response to the incident. Tactical roles and responsibilities are outlined in agency SOPs and other procedural guides. DEPARTMENT OPERATIONS CENTER (DEPARTMENT-SPECIFIC OPERATIONS) Some city departments may open a Department Operations Center or DOC. These second-tier command centers allow individual departments (or groups of departments) to better track their resources and manage their departments’ roles and responsibilities. DOCs typically operate from their usual locations without directly reporting to the Emergency Operations Center (EOC). DOCs communicate directly with the field, Page 145 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 49 mitigating field needs, and potentially addressing these needs before they even reach the EOC. DOCs may or will (1) assist with the coordination of emergency operations; (2) always communicate their actions to the EOC; and (3) sometimes request resources that may be outside of their normal scope. Each DOC is linked to the EOC through the EOC’s Operations section, directly communicating with the coordinators assigned for each specific function. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER (OVERALL INCIDENT MANAGEMENT) When an incident requires the activation of the Emergency Operations Center (EOC), the Incident Commander or the designated head of Unified Command will maintain authority to direct the tactical response. The EOC, however, assumes management of the overall coordination for the incident. It is up to the EOC to establish the priorities for the response and for all responders to the emergency. Coordination elements include but are not limited to (1) incident communications; (2) ordering and allocating resources; (3) collecting and disseminating information to the response teams; (4) issuing alerts and warnings; and (5) providing information to the public. The EOC is organized into six (6) sections, each responsible for carrying out a different aspect of the response. 1. Policy Group: This group is responsible for providing direction and intent for overall incident operations. The Policy Group focuses on setting objectives to support incident response and maintain continuity of operations for the City. 2. Management Section: This section is responsible for overall EOC operations and coordination. The Management section facilitates the EOC response at the direction of the Policy Group and makes sure that all EOC functions are operational. 3. Operations Section: This section is responsible for coordinating all incident- related strategic operations as directed by the Policy Group and/or Management Section. The Operations Section coordinates priority missions with the branch coordinators and it ensures resource deployments which are consistent with the objectives set by the EOC. 4. Planning and Intelligence Section: The P/I Section maintains situational awareness for the EOC by collecting, analyzing, and sharing incident-related information. It also prepares the EOC Action Plan and maintains resource status reports. 5. Logistics Section: This section provides any resources which support the City’s disaster response. Resources may include, but are not limited to, personnel, space, vehicles, and equipment. Page 146 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 50 6. Finance/Administration Section: The Finance/Administration section maintains accurate financial records generated during the emergency and makes sure that all incident-related costs are tracked. The section all ensures that all recovery-related costs and expenses are properly recorded. OPERATIONAL AREA Once it has been determined that an incident is beyond the capabilities of the City and/or its mutual aid agreements, the City may request the assistance of the County of San Diego, which, through its designation as the Operational Area (OA). may provide additional support and resources to the City or region. Direction and control of the local incident remains with the City. When a request is initiated by the City, additional assistance related to direction and control may be provided by the County OA. The County of San Diego manages the OA EOC. The decision to activate the OA EOC will be made by the County’s Director of OES. The Director may also activate the OA EOC when (1) there is an incident involving an unincorporated area; (2) there is an incident involving the unincorporated area plus one or more cities; or (3) when there is an incident involving two or more cities. The OA EOC will help coordinate incident responses among all affected local jurisdictions. STATE COORDINATION The OA EOC communicates with the State Operations Center (SOC) on behalf of the local jurisdictions. During major emergencies, state government resources are mobilized through Cal OES in response to requests received through regional mutual aid coordinators. Jurisdictional needs are communicated to the OA EOC which then communicates these needs directly to the state. FEDERAL COORDINATION When the federal government responds to an emergency or disaster within the City, it will coordinate with the state to establish a Unified Coordination Group (UCG) in accordance with unified command principles. The UCG will integrate state and federal resources and set priorities for implementation. The UCG may activate a Joint Field Office (JFO) to facilitate unified operations. When a JFO is activated, the SOC will transfer operational control to that facility. Page 147 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 51 SECTION VII: INFORMATION COLLECTION, ANALYSIS, AND DISSEMINATION Gathering accurate information, analyzing that information, and then sharing accurate, timely, and appropriate information are the essential activities which support successful planning, emergency responses, and efficient recovery efforts. INFORMATION COLLECTION Prior to the activation of an EOC, information is collected in the field by the Incident Commander and by emergency dispatchers who may have been alerted to the incident. When the decision is made to activate the EOC, gathering accurate information becomes a top priority for the EOC. Collecting good information and data is essential for maintaining situational awareness and establishing a common operating picture. The Planning and Intelligence section in the EOC is tasked with seeking out and collecting incident information and compiling the information into useable formats. The P/I Section receives updated information from field personnel (through the Operations Section), media outlets, social media platforms, and various other sources. Obtaining accurate information and rapidly assessing it are essential tasks at the beginning and throughout emergency response activities. Critical information, known as Essential Elements of Information (EEI), includes information about: ▪ Lifesaving needs, such as evacuation or search and rescue ▪ The status of critical infrastructure, including transportation, utilities, communication systems, fuel, and water supplies ▪ The status of critical facilities, like Law Enforcement and Fire stations, medical providers, water/sewage treatment facilities, and media outlets ▪ The risk of damage to the community, for example, ruptured dams and levees, damage to facilities producing or storing hazardous materials, and anything that will threaten large areas of the city ▪ The number of citizens who have been displaced because of the event and the estimated extent of damage to their dwellings ▪ Information about the potential for cascading or concurrent events ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION All information collected will be analyzed by response personnel, EOC staff, supporting agencies, decision-makers, and any partner with a vested interest in the planning, response, and/or recovery processes. Analysis of information involves vetting and verifying that the information is accurate, timely, and usable. Page 148 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 52 DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION Once information has been collected, vetted, and verified, it will be distributed to a range of recipients. Information is shared from the field to the EOC and from the EOC to the field. It is also shared with collaborating agencies and may be shared with the public by way of the various news-reporting media or social media. Information may be distributed internally through verbal communications, E-mail, WebEOC, 800 MHz radio, phone platforms (person to person calls, conference calls, virtual meetings, etc.), and EOC briefings. Regularly occurring EOC briefings will be held to update departments and affiliated agencies, organizations, and any entities with a direct or peripheral role in the declared emergency. These briefings will be held on either a fixed schedule or as often as needed. Any information being released to the public must be approved for release by the IC and/or EOC Director. When appointed, the incident’s Public Information Officer (PIO) is responsible for releasing information through all appropriate channels. External partners and the public may receive information through any of the methods, and may also find information through press releases, broadcast alerts and warning messages, situational reports, social media, and other media outlets. Page 149 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 53 SECTION VIII: COMMUNICATIONS During normal or stable operations, responders use the Regional Communications System (RCS) to facilitate emergency communications among response agencies throughout the county. The RCS provides public safety voice and data communications to San Diego County agencies via 800Mhz radio, for the purpose of improving public safety, public service communications, and interoperability. The San Diego County Sheriff's Department's Wireless Services Division oversees the operation and maintenance of the RCS. INCIDENT COMMUNICATIONS Response to local emergencies is managed by first responders operati ng under the Incident Command System (ICS). The City has designated radio channels for the public safety departments. Fire Day-to-day radio communications are managed by the City of San Diego Emergency Communications and Data Center (ECDC). It is staffed 24/7 with dispatchers and administrative personnel. The center is responsible for all medical, fire, and rescue operations in the City. Law Enforcement The Chula Vista Police Department manages and coordinates law enforcement communications for the City. LE’s dispatch center also coordinates with the City of San Diego ECDC to ensure communication coordination and interoperability with the Fire Department. Public Works The Public Works Department operates a departmental dispatch center to receive public requests for service and assign public works crews to address the issues. Additionally, the Public Works Dispatch Center also receives emergency communications from the Chula Vista Police Department Dispatch Center when service calls require coordination from both departments. ALERTS AND WARNINGS SD County residents, and particularly local residents receive emergency notifications through three different alert and warning systems within San Diego County. These systems are (1) the Emergency Alert System (EAS); (2) Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA); and (3) AlertSanDiego or Accessible AlertSanDiego. Page 150 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 54 EAS The State of California has been divided into "EAS Operational Areas" for the purpose of disseminating emergency information. The San Diego EAS Operational Area encompasses the entire County. Under Federal guidelines, local EAS operational plans are written by the broadcast community. Two radio stations, KOGO (600 AM) the Local Primary (LP)-1 and KLSD (1360 AM) the Local Primary (LP)-2 have emergency generators and have volunteered to be the local primary stations for the OA. All radio and television stations in San Diego County along with all cable TV providers will be broadcasting emergency public information in the event of an activation of the EAS. The system is designed so that all the radio, TV and cable stations/systems monitor the LP-1 and LP-2 stations and forward the information to their listeners and viewers. The County’s Office of Emergency Services (OES) is authorized to activate the EAS. Local jurisdictions in the OA can contact the OES Duty Officer to activate the system in the event of the need to notify its citizens to take protective actions or to provide emergency information. Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA) The WEA system is a federally maintained alert and warning system. It is available to all residents, including those in this jurisdiction, to notify them in times of severe or extreme hazards within the framework, agreements, rules, and protocols agreed upon by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), and the Unified Disaster Council (UDC). Through the County’s existing mass notification system (Blackboard Connect), jurisdictions can initiate WEA messages. WEA messages are emergency notifications sent by authorized government alerting authorities, as determined by the jurisdiction, through mobile carriers and broadcast to mobile phones receiving a signal from cell towers within or near the alert area. WEA version 3.0 from FEMA/FCC incorporates .10-mile geo-targeting capability which allows jurisdictions to notify residents with greater accuracy. Since WEA messages may have regional implications and may be received by residents in surrounding jurisdictions, WEA messages require regional coordination. If a jurisdiction’s public safety official (Incident Commander, or other authorized alerting authority as determined by the Jurisdiction) determines that the severity of an incident necessitates public alert through WEA, the public safety official will request that a WEA is developed and sent out through their respective dispatch agency. Note that the use of the WEA system is solely authorized for severe or extreme hazards. Page 151 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 55 Severe or extreme hazards are incidents where an emergency threatens, or is imminently expected to threaten, life, health, or property. WEA messages must contain protective action instructions that recipients should follow to reduce vulnerability to the specific threat. Protective action instructions may include one or more of these terms: 1. “Shelter” – Shelter in place 2. “Evacuate” – Relocate as instructed 3. “Prepare” – Make preparations 4. “Execute” – Execute a pre-planned activity 5. “Avoid” – Avoid the hazard 6. “Monitor” – View local information sources 7. “All clear” – The event no longer poses a threat or concern AlertSanDiego and Accessible AlertSanDiego The County of San Diego has instituted a regional notification system that is able to send telephone notifications, texts and emails to residents and businesses within San Diego County who are impacted by, or in danger of being impacted by a disaster. This software system is called “AlertSanDiego.” It is used by emergency response personnel to notify residents at risk with information about the event and/or actions (such as evacuation, shelter in place, gas leak, missing person at risk, etc.) AlertSanDiego enables emergency dispatchers to call residents, via a reverse 9 -1-1 protocol. The call will alert them to emergency actions which may need to be taken. AlertSanDiego combines GIS mapping technologies with 9 -1-1 calling data in an easy-to-use interface. The system utilizes the region's 9-1-1 database, provided by the local telephone companies, which includes both listed and unlisted landline phone numbers. It is TTY/TDD capable. AlertSanDiego is also available in accessible formats. “Accessible AlertSanDiego” provides emergency management with the capability of alerting and informing residents of San Diego County who are hearing or sight impaired. Such users will be informed before, during, and after a disaster. Accessible AlertSanDiego sends accessible alerts and information to internet and video -capable devices, such as computers, cell phones, smart phones, tablet computers, and wireless Braille readers. Residents are also encouraged to self-register their Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP), cellular telephone numbers, and/or email addresses to receive notifications via phone, text, email, and/or American Sign Language with English voice and text. Page 152 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 56 If a jurisdiction’s Public Safety Official, as determined by the Jurisdiction, determines that the severity of an incident necessitates public alert th rough AlertSanDiego, the public safety official will be responsible for processing and disseminating the AlertSanDiego message. Use of AlertSanDiego system is authorized for the following purposes: 1. Imminent or perceived threat to life or property 2. Disaster notifications 3. Evacuation notices 4. Public health emergencies 5. Any notification to provide emergency information to a defined community Use of AlertSanDiego email and text alerts for registered mobile devices are authorized to issue a notice about a missing person who may be at risk. PUBLIC INFORMATION The need for accurate and timely public information, complete with concise instructions, is a necessity during an emergency. The Office of Communications and the respective public information officers from the public safety departments staff the EOC in response to disasters or emergencies. Team members must be able to quickly access tools such as the Internet, social media platforms and the City’s intranet. Some team members may work from remote locations if they cannot get to the EOC. Team members process emergency information and confirm with the EOC Director as to which emergency updates may be distributed to public outlets. Only information verified/approved by the Incident Commander and the EOC Director can be disseminated by the communications team. The communications team generally disseminates information about areas within the City’s jurisdiction only, but makes referrals to, and coordinates with, other jurisdictions. The communications team distributes information using several methods, including social media, email subscription services, news conferences, and incident updates (brief press releases). Updated public messaging describes (1) the nature of the hazard; (2) the recommended or required protective actions to take; and/or (3) shelter or recovery information. All communication must be effective, equitable, and redundant. The communications team ensures all public information is accessible to the whole community. Inclusive public communications include but are not limited to: Page 153 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 57 • Accessible public information/messaging throughout event • Social Media Platforms • Direct communication accommodations • Visual Language Translators/Pictograms • Certified ASL (American Sign language) Interpreter(s) • Video Relay Services (VRS)/ Video Remote Interpreting (VRI) availability • Assistive Listening Devices • Non-English Translators • Accessible Website updates • Accessible materials (e.g., forms, brochures) • Personal Assistant Services (PAS) availability • Large font signage • Non-English signage • Press conference with equal accessibility • Closed Captioning Page 154 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 58 SECTION IX: ADMINISTRATION, FINANCE, AND LOGISTICS ADMINISTRATION--DOCUMENTATION Documentation of an emergency incident is an essential task that must be completed during a declared emergency. An incident may have written, visual, and audio records that provide the details of each step of the emergency response. These records must be collected and saved to provide the full documentation of a response. These records are essential when preparing debriefings, lessons learned documents, After Action Reports (AAR), and follow-up action steps. These records will allow the Emergency Planner and the Emergency Planning team to revise and/or develop more functional emergency plans. Incident Reports Incident reports capture the narrative of the call for service and any decisions that were made thereafter. Field responders complete incident reports detailing actions taken. All radio communications are monitored by dispatch centers across the county, recording radio transmissions and creating transcripts for records. Reports Generated by the EOC EOC personnel complete activity logs which provide a chronological log of the activities and response actions of their respective sections. In addition to the activity logs, EOC personnel provide information to WebEOC to share with other responders in the region. WebEOC is the situational awareness tool that captures incident updates and paints a picture of incident progression. The EOC is also responsible for producing the EOC Action Plan. The EOC Action Plan provides overall incident actions and strategies. All EOC personnel provide input to the action plan, which is approved by EOC management, and carried out by all incident personnel. Damage Assessment/Cost Recovery Documentation Damage assessment and cost recovery are significant elements of incident documentation. Damage estimates are needed to secure public assistance and individual assistance for anyone affected by the disaster. The State and Federal reimbursement process requires accurate documentation of costs incurred, including expense related to personnel, equipment, materials, contracts, etc. City departments will coordinate to ensure all resources and costs are captured through the various departmental tracking systems. Page 155 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 59 Following a disaster, jurisdictions must be able to identify, quantify, and describe the damages that have occurred through the preparation of damage assessments. Damage assessments allow jurisdictions to report the level of damage experienced, substantiate requests for additional assistance from state or federal partners, and identify community needs. The City will utilize available personnel to patrol the city and begin collecting information about the type of damaged witnessed. They will estimate and/or quantify the extent of damages. This includes personnel from Law Enforcement, Public Works, Fire, Engineering, CERT members, etc. This information is collected and compiled into an initial damage estimate (IDE) report which is sent to the County Office of Emergency Services. County OES will compile all jurisdictional IDEs and submit them to the state then for further consideration of the need for preliminary damage assessments (PDA). PDA is the step in the assessment process which validates data and damages identified through IDEs. PDAs are conducted by state and federal officials. If PDAs are scheduled, the City will provide representatives to participate in the PDA tour of the damaged areas. The damage assessment process is described in more detail in the San Diego County Damage Assessment Concept of Operations. After-Action Reports (AAR) California Code of Regulations, Title 19, § 2450 requires that any jurisdiction declaring a local emergency for which the governor proclaims a State of Emergency, and any state agency responding to that emergency shall complete and transmit an after -action report to Cal OES. The report must be a comprehensive review of the incident, including but not limited to response actions taken, necessary modifications to plans and procedures, and identified training needs. The AAR contains an improvement plan that sets a path forward for the identified training needs and implementation of necessary improvements. Record Retention Schedule Documentation, records, and reports produced by the City must be retained according to policies set forth by the City’s established guidelines. Protocols also provide for the safe storage and proper disposal of all documentation. City retention guidelines establish the schedule and parameters for record-keeping. The City Clerk has established a retention schedule and the Information and Technology Services Department assists City departments with electronic back up of vital records. Page 156 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 60 (Vital records pertaining to emergency response may also be stored on the City’s intranet which is managed by the ITS Department. These records are routinely backed up and stored separately from the hard drives.) Finance Section The Finance Department manages all financial aspects of disaster response and recovery. The Finance Department has established city’s protocols for financial management. Protocols have been developed for procurement, cost accounting, and reimbursement. The Finance Director, (or designee), serves as the lead for the Finance Section in the EOC, monitoring all disaster expenditures, including timekeeping and extraordinary payroll; contract management; purchased, leased, or loaned supplies and equipment; and non-warehoused materials. Therefore, the EOC Finance Section is responsible for tracking all costs associated with an EOC activation. It ensures all costs are appropriate with existing emergency operations procedures, and rules. The City’s disaster procurement policy is outlined in the City Municipal Code under section 2.56.100, Emergency Purchases. This authorizes emergency purchases under conditions that pose an immediate threat to public health, safety, or welfare. The Finance Section also ensures that, to the greatest extent possible, all eligible costs are collected and submitted to State and Federal agencies for the purposes of reimbursement. Fiscal representatives from each City department, in coordination with the Recovery Director, will collaborate to make certain that all appropriate reimbursement documentation is submitted for all possible public and/or individual assistance reimbursement programs. Public Assistance Cost recovery is achieved through Federal and State public assistance programs. Each jurisdiction has the responsibility to complete and submit the required documents for both State and Federal public assistance programs, if seeking and accepting such assistance. There are various public assistance programs available based on the type of disaster that has occurred, including but not limited to: • Fire Management Assistance Grant (FMAG) • National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Emergency Watershed Program (EWP) • U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Rehabilitation and Inspection Program • Federal Highway Administration Emergency Relief Program • US Department of Housing and Urban Development • US Department of Agriculture Emergency Loans Page 157 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 61 • California Disaster Assistance Act (CDAA) Each of these programs are referenced in the San Diego County Operational Area Recovery Plan and can be found in the most recent FEMA Public Assistance Program and Policy Guide. Individual Assistance Individuals are expected, whenever possible, to provide for themselves and be responsible for their own personal recovery. However, many individuals may need and reasonably expect the government to deliver assistance to them well after the disaster. The City will coordinate with FEMA to acquire assistance from the Individuals and Households Program. The program provides financial assistance and/or direct services to those affected by a disaster who have extraordinary expenses and resource needs that they are unable to meet on their own. Assistance falls into two categories: • Housing Assistance (including Temporary Housing, Repair, Replacement, and Semi-Permanent or Permanent Housing Construction) • Other Needs Assistance (including personal property and other items) Logistics Proper planning and forward-leaning preparations will greatly enhance the City’s ability to respond to and effectively manage a disaster. Adequate staffing, proper training, and sufficient warehousing of equipment and resources are key considerations. The City’s Emergency Management program takes the lead for ensuring the following examples of logistical actions before and during an emergency: Before: • The acquisition and resource-typing of County equipment • The stockpiling of critical supplies • The designation of emergency facilities, shelter sites, family reunification areas, etc. • The establishment of mutual aid agreements, (e.g., with the American Red Cross) • The compilation and maintenance of accurate contact lists During: • The movement and pre-positioning of emergency equipment • Arranging for food, respite and transportation for both victims and emergency responders • Arranging for shelter facilities, as needed Page 158 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 62 • Calling for mutual aid • Provide backup power and communications • Establishing methods for cell phone recharging, oxygen refills for residents, etc. Homeland Security Grant Program (HGSP) Many of the resources required to sustain the City’s preparedness and response efforts are funded through the Homeland Security Grant Program. The HSGP supports the implementation of the National Preparedness System by building, sustaining, and delivering the core capabilities which will help achieving the National Preparedness Goal. The underlying National Preparedness Goal is a secure and resilient nati on. Two additional programs provide funding for the City’s preparedness: State Homeland Security Grant Program (SHSGP) The State Homeland Security Program (SHSGP) is an assistance program that provides critical funds to build core capabilities at the State, local, tribal, and territorial levels. The SHSGP enhances national resilience efforts at the State level by minimizing disruptions and rapidly recovering from natural or manmade disasters. The SHSGP focuses on meeting the goals and objectives included in the State’s Homeland Security strategies and initiatives listed in the State Preparedness Report (SPR). To be considered eligible for SHSGP assistance, activities implemented must support terrorism preparedness by building or enhancing prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery efforts related to terrorism. It should be clearly noted that any capabilities which support terrorism preparedness simultaneously support all-hazard preparedness. Urban Area Security Initiative (UASI) As a part of the San Diego County Operational Area, the Cities in the County receive funding from the Urban Area Security Initiative. The UASI Program assists high-threat, high-density urban areas in their efforts to build and sustain the core capabilities necessary for the prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery efforts related to acts of domestic or international terrorism. The UASI program provides financial assistance to help address the unique multi-disciplinary planning, organization, equipment, training, and exercise needs of these regions. The Whole Community approach is embraced by UASI-based planning. Support Requirements/Mutual Aid California's statewide emergency planning and response preparations are built upon a foundation of mutual aid. Mutual Aid is designed to ensure that adequate resources, Page 159 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 63 facilities, and other support are provided to jurisdictions whenever their own resources prove to be inadequate to cope with a given situation(s). Realistically, no jurisdiction has the necessary resources to fully respond to and recover from a major or catastrophic disaster. The City will request mutual aid when appropriate; conversely, it fill mutual aid requests that come from another jurisdiction or region. This is done in accordance with SEMS and NIMS. Please note that the City will always coordinate with the County for hazardous materials incidents, public health crises, mass casualty and mass fatality events, and environmental protection services. Resource Management During any emergency, resource management rests with the entity/agency in charge of that incident. Typically, incident commanders will manage their resources from the established command post. If the EOC is activated, the EOC will support resource ordering and tracking. During any emergency, the logistics section’s primary responsibility is to ensure the mobilization, acquisition, and delivery of resources to support the response effort at the disaster sites, public shelters, EOC, etc. Page 160 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 64 SECTION X: PLAN DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE The Operational Area (OA), as designated by the County of San Diego Office of Emergency Services, coordinates the update of the Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan (OA EOP) every four years. The OA EOP was developed following the guidelines contained within FEMA’s Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 101. The City, along with the other jurisdictions in San Diego County, utilize the OA EOP as the base upon which it has developed the current EOP. The San Diego County Emergency Managers Working Group established an EOP subcommittee charged with developing a local template based on the OA EOP. The subcommittee worked to identify the appropriate local-level operations, policies, and procedures needed for inclusion in this plan. The established goal of the OA EOP template is to further the standardization of plans and processes throughout the county. Every effort will be made to enhance the highest degree of collaboration and coordination within the OA. Emergency Operations Plans are to be reviewed and revised according to a regularly occurring schedule or when one of the following may occur: • Following a major incident • When there is a significant change in operational resources (e.g., policy, personnel, organizational structures, management processes, facilities, equipment) • After each activation • Before and after major exercises • When appropriate if there is a change in elected officials • Whenever there is a modification of the jurisdiction’s demographic profile, hazard, or threat assessment • As formal updates of planning guidance or standards are implemented • In response to the enactment of new or amended laws or ordinances. To ensure the EOP remains relevant and current, and in compliance with State -level regulations, the EOP will be reviewed and/or revised every two years. It must be brought before the City Council for adoption every four years. Although the EOP is a public document, it is also a living document that may be changed frequently, therefore the most current version the of EOP is kept on file with the City. Anyone wishing to access the EOP may do so by contacting the City and requesting a copy of the EOP. Page 161 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 65 SECTION XI: AUTHORITIES AND REFERENCES • Unified San Diego County Emergency Services Organization, Fifth Amended Emergency Services Agreement, 2005 • California Emergency Services Act, Chapter 7 of Division 1 of Title 2 of the Government Code • San Diego County Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan – September 2018 • Petris (SEMS) SB 1841 Chapter 1069 - Amendments to the Government Code, Article 7, California Emergency Services Act • California Master Mutual Aid Agreement • Incident Command System, Field Operations Guide, ICS 420-1 • San Diego County Mutual Aid Agreement for Fire Departments • California Law Enforcement Mutual Aid Plan • Public Works Mutual Aid Plan • San Diego County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 2018 • San Diego Urban Area Tactical Interoperable Communications Plan, February 2006 • Unified San Diego County Emergency Services Organization Resolution adopting the National Incident Management System updated October 2017 • Developing and Maintaining Emergency Operations Plans Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 101 Version 2.0, November 2010 • FEMA Independent Study (IS) 0368 - Including People with Disabilities and Others with Access and Functional Needs in Disaster Operations • Guidance on Planning for Integration of Functional Needs Support Services in General Population Shelter, November 2010 • Public Law 288, 93rd Congress, Disaster Relief Act of 1974 • Public Law 920, 81st Congress, Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950 • A Whole Community Approach to Emergency Management: Principles, Themes ad Pathways for Action, December 2011 • California Government Code 8593.3 (2018) – Accessibility to Emergency Information and Services • Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 • San Diego County Operational Area Recovery Plan (2019) • SEC Page 162 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 66 SECTION XII: ATTACHMENTS/APPENDIX Master Mutual Aid Agreement (https://www.caloes.ca.gov/wp- content/uploads/Preparedness/Documents/CAMasterMutAidAgreement.pdf) Functional Annexes of the County of San Diego EOP (https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/sdc/oes/emergency_management/oes_jl_oparea.html) Page 163 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 67 SECTION XIII: GLOSSARY ACCESS AND FUNCTIONAL NEEDS (AFN) Access and functional needs (AFN) refers to individuals who are or have (1) physical, developmental, or intellectual disabilities; (2) chronic conditions or injuries; (3) limited English proficiency; (4) older adults; (5) children; (6) low income, homeless and/or transportation disadvantaged (i.e., dependent on public transit); (7) pregnant women. ADAPTABILITY According to the National Response Framework, planning efforts need to be built on a foundation of flexibility, scalability, and adaptability. Adaptability refers to the idea that a plan must be constructed so that other departments, jurisdictions, or agencies can utilize some or all of the plan if needed. AFTER ACTION REPORT(S) (AAR) An AAR is a detailed critical summary or analysis of a past event (such as an emergency event) made for the purposes of re-assessing decisions and considering possible alternatives for future reference. ALL-HAZARDS (APPROACH OR PLANNING) By taking an All-Hazards approach, jurisdictions produce emergency plans that serve as the basis for effective response to any hazard that threatens the jurisdiction; facilitate integration of mitigation into response and recovery activities; and facilitate coordination with State , Federal, tribal, Non-Governmental, and other authorities when a local emergency, disaster or catastrophe is declared. AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT OF 1990 (ADA) The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 or ADA is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination based on disability. It affords similar protections against discrimination to Americans with disabilities as the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which made discrimination based on race, religion, sex, national origin, and other characteristics illegal, and later sexual orientation. COMMAND AND CONTROL Command and Control, sometimes referred to as C2, is the exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated commander over assigned personnel in the accomplishment of the present mission. As all incidents have Page 164 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 68 a local beginning and end, Command and Control is typically established on -scene or within the local, affected area. Command and Control functions are performed through an arrangement of personnel, equipment, communications, facilities, and procedures employed by the Incident Commander in planning, coordinating, and controlling operations. COMMAND STAFF Within an Incident Command System, the Command Staff is assigned to carry out staff functions needed to support the Incident Commander. These functions include interagency liaison, incident safety, and public information. Command Staff positions are established to assign responsibility for key activities not specifically identified in the General Staff functional elements. COMMUNITY EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM (CERT) The Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) program educates volunteers about disaster preparedness for the hazards that may impact their area and trains them in basic disaster response skills, such as fire safety, light search and rescue, team organization, and disaster medical operations. CERT offers a consistent, nationwide approach to volunteer training and organization that professional responders can rely on during disaster situations, allowing them to focus on more complex tasks. COMMUNITY RESILIENCY Community resilience is the sustained ability of a community to use available resources to respond to, withstand, and recover from adverse situations. This allows for the adaptation and growth of a community after disaster strikes. COMPREHENSIVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLANS OR SYSTEM A Comprehensive Emergency Management plan or system describes the responsibilities and capabilities of the agencies and organizations in a specified jurisdiction working to prevent, protect against, mitigate, respond to, and recover from emergencies and major disasters impacting the community. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS (CON-OPS) A concept of operations (Con-Ops) is a high-level description of the actions to be taken in the pursuit of mission accomplishment during any activation of an emergency operations or response plan. The Con-Ops can be thought of from the perspective of ends, ways, and means. The Page 165 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 69 “end” is the stated objective, ranging from a very broad strategic aim to the accomplishment of a specific task. The “means” are the capabilities to be employed in each situation. The “ways” are the description of how the means are to be employed to achieve the ends. CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE Critical Infrastructure includes the vast network of highways, connecting bridges and tunnels, railways, utilities, hospital and medical facilities, and buildings necessary to maintain normalcy in daily life. Transportation, commerce, public healthcare, clean water, fuel supplies, natural gas, and electricity all rely on these vital systems. CULTURAL COMPETENCE Cultural competence refers to an ability to interact effectively with people of different cultures and socio-economic backgrounds, particularly in the context of human resources, non-profit organizations, and government agencies whose employees work with persons from different cultural/ethnic backgrounds. Cultural competence comprises four components: Awareness of one's own cultural worldview, Attitude towards cultural differences, Knowledge of different cultural practices and worldviews, and Cross-cultural skills. DISASTER SERVICES WORKERS (DSW) During an emergency or disaster, the City may ask employees to do work outside the normal scope of their duties as Disaster Service Workers (DSW). All public employees in the State of California are considered Disaster Service Workers. Even though employees may work outside of their scope, they will not be asked to perform duties that require specialized technical skills or physical activities that are beyond their individual capacities or capabilities. EMERGENCY EVENT An emergency is a situation that poses an immediate risk to health, life, property, or environment. Most emergencies require urgent intervention to prevent a worsening of the situation. Some, but not all emergency situations may be prevented or mitigated due to diligent pre-planning and risk reduction. Sometimes emergencies can be overwhelming and despite rapid and effective emergency response efforts, the situation may devolve into humanitarian or palliative care in the aftermath. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER (EOC) The City’s Emergency Operations Center (EOC) serves as the coordination hub for an incident response. This facility provides a central intelligence arena for decision makers and response team personnel Page 166 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 70 to gather critical information, coordinate response activities, and manage personnel as the emergency dictates. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN (EOP) The Emergency Operations Plan provides the structure and processes that the City utilizes to respond to and initially recover from an event. The EOP is therefore the response and recovery component of the Emergency Management Plan. EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS Emergency Preparedness is the state of readiness achieved through proper and timely planning. Such readiness relies on proactive steps taken to prepare for unexpected, serious, and dangerous occurrences. Emergency planning may involve preparation and planning for a natural or manmade disaster, accidents, security breaches, domestic and foreign terrorism, mass casualty incidents, mass fatality situations, food and water disruptions, supply chain interruptions, infrastructure damage, or any disruptive catastrophe. EMERGENCY RESPONSE Emergency response includes any systematic response to an unexpected or dangerous occurrence. The goal of an emergency response procedure is to mitigate the impact of the event on people and the environment. FLEXIBILITY According to the National Response Framework, planning efforts need to be built on a foundation of flexibility, scalability, and adaptability. Flexibility refers to the idea that a plan must be able to allow for improvisation and redirection if the origin al plan is rendered unusable. FULL-SCALE EXERCISE A full scale exercise is a multi-agency, multijurisdictional, multi-discipline exercise involving functional responses (e.g., a joint field office, emergency operation centers, Department Operations Centers, etc.) and ‘‘boots on the ground’’ responses (e.g., firefighters decontaminating mock victims, EMS personnel establishing triage areas, activating alerts and messaging, etc.) It is intended to test and evaluate the operational capability of the emergency management system in an interactive manner. Page 167 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 71 GENERAL STAFF The group of incident management personnel reporting to the Incident Commander. They may have one or more Deputies, as needed. The General Staff consists of the Operations Section Chief, Planning/Intelligence Section Chief, Logistics Section Chief, and Finance/Administration Section Chief. INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM (ICS) The Incident Command System (ICS) is a standardized approach to the command, control, and coordination of emergency response providing a common hierarchy within which responders from multiple jurisdictions, departments, or agencies can be effective. INCIDENT COMMANDER (IC) The incident commander is the person responsible for all aspects of an emergency response; including quickly developing incident objectives, managing all incident operations, application of resources as well as responsibility for all persons involved. The incident commander sets priorities and defines the organization of the incident response teams and the overall incident action plan. The role of incident commander may be assumed by senior or higher qualified officers upon their arrival or as the situation dictates. Even if subordinate positions are not assigned, the incident commander position will always be designated or assumed. INTEROPERABLE COMMUNICATIONS See “Interoperability” below. INTEROPERABILITY Interoperability is an essential communications link within public safety and public service wireless communications systems which permits units from two or more different entities to interact with one another and to exchange information according to a prescribed method to achieve predictable results. JOINT INFORMATION SYSTEM (JIS) A joint information system provides the process for merging incident information and public affairs into a united organization. This organizational structure provides consistent, coordinated, and timely information during a crisis or incident operations. Its mission includes (1) to provide a structure and system for developing and delivering coordinated interagency messages; (2) to develop, recommend, and execute public information plans and strategies on behalf of the incident commander; and (3) to advise the incident commander on public affairs issues that could affect a response effort, and controlling rumors and inaccurate information that could undermine public confidence. Page 168 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 72 MITIGATION Mitigation encompasses all activities that reduce or eliminate the probability of a hazard occurrence or eliminate or reduce the impact from the hazard if it should occur. In Comprehensive Emergency Management, mitigation activities are undertaken during the time prior to an imminent or actual hazard impact. MULTI-AGENCY COORDINATION SYSTEM (MACS) Multi-agency Coordination Systems (MACS) are a part of the standardized Incident Command System. MACS provides the basic architecture for facilitating the allocation of resources, incident prioritization, coordination, and integration of multiple agencies for large-scale incidents and emergencies. MUTUAL AID (AGREEMENTS) (ASSISTANCE) In the context of emergency management, mutual aid is an agreement among emergency responders to lend assistance across jurisdictional boundaries. This may occur due to an emergency response that exceeds local resources, such as a natural disaster act of terror. Mutual aid may be ad hoc, requested only when such an emergency occurs. It may also be a formal standing agreement for cooperative emergency management on a continuing basis, such as ensuring that resources are dispatched from the nearest locale, regardless of which side of the jurisdictional boundary the incident is on. NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION (NGO) Organizations which are independent of government involvement are known as non-governmental organizations or non-government organizations. NGOs are a subgroup of organizations found ed by citizens, which include clubs and associations that provide services to their members and others. NGOs are usually nonprofit organizations, and many of them are active in humanitarianism or the social sciences. Several NGOs avail themselves to the community during times of crisis. OPERATIONAL AREA (OA) Operational Area refers to the Cal OES (Southern) region which has the responsibility of carrying out the coordination of information and resources within the region and between the SEMS state and regional levels to ensure effective and efficient support to local response. Operational Areas serve as the conduit for local and regional perspective and provide a physical presence for Cal OES functions at the local level in all phases of emergency management. Page 169 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 73 PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICER (PIO) During ongoing and significant emergencies, the City may appoint or designate a Public Information Officer or Officer who would be responsible for creating and enabling communication between the jurisdiction, and both news media outlets and the public. This position serves in the Incident Command Structure and supports the mission of the Incident Commander. It's up to the PIO(s) to make sure any statements released to the press and the public follow agency guidelines, are accurate, and adhere to official policy or laws. RECOVERY A critical part of handling any serious emergency is in the management of the Disaster Recovery Phase. The Recovery Phase is likely to involve, to a significant degree, external emergency services. The priority during this phase is the safety and wellbeing of the citizens, emergency workers, and disaster recovery personnel. Another top priority is the minimization of the emergency itself, the removal or minimization of the threat of further injury or damage and the re-establishment of external services such as power, communications, water etc. A significant task during this phase is also the completion of Damage Assessment Forms. RESILIENCY (COMMUNITY) See Community Resiliency above. SCALABILITY According to the National Response Framework, planning efforts need to be built on a foundation of flexibility, scalability, and adaptability. Scalability refers to the idea that a plan must be able to be expanded or compressed based on the complexity of a potential emergency. STAKEHOLDERS An emergency management stakeholder is an individual who is affected by the decisions made (or not made) by emergency managers and policymakers in his or her community. Since all citizens are likely to be affected by emergency management policies, this definition implies all citizens are emergency management stakeholders. TABLETOP EXERCISE A table-top exercise (TTX) is a discussion-based exercise in response to a scenario intended to generate a dialogue of various issues to facilitate a conceptual understanding, identify strengths and areas for improvement, and/or achieve changes in perceptions about plans, policies, or procedures. Page 170 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 74 TACTICAL See Tactical Response below TACTICAL RESPONSE A tactical response is contrasted with a strategic vision. Strategy defines the long-term goals of the mission and how the response team might achieve them. Put another way, strategy gives the organization the path needed to achieve a successful mission. Tactics and tactical response measures are much more concrete and are often oriented toward smaller steps and a shorter time frame s along the way. Tactical milestones are easily identifiable. UNIFIED COMMAND A Unified Command allows agencies with different legal, geographic, and functional authorities and responsibilities to work together effectively without affecting individual agency authority, responsibility, or accountability. Under a Unified Command, a single, coordinated Incident Action Plan will direct all activities. UNIFIED DISASTER COUNCIL (UDC) The Unified Disaster Council (UDC) is the governing body of the Unified San Diego County Emergency Services Organization. The Council is comprised of the San Diego County Board of Supervisors, wh o serves as Chair of the Council, and representatives from the 18 incorporated cities. VIRTUAL TECHNOLOGIES During a major disaster or catastrophic event that prevents people from reporting to a physical location, many departments, jurisdictions, and agencies may ask certain employees to work from home. Remote work is enabled by technologies including virtual private networks (VPNs), voice over internet protocols (VoIPs), virtual meetings, cloud technology, work collaboration tools and even facial recognition technologies that enable a person to appear before a virtual background to preserve the privacy of the home. Remote work also saves commute time and provides more flexibility. VULNERABLE POPULATIONS Vulnerable populations include patients who are racial or ethnic minorities, children, elderly, socioeconomically disadvantaged, underinsured or those with certain medical conditions. Members of vulnerable populations often have health conditions that are exacerbated by unnecessarily inadequate healthcare. Page 171 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 75 WebEOC WebEOC is a web-enabled crisis information management system that provides real-time Information sharing and Situational Awareness. It provides a platform for real-time information-sharing between organizations, within and across disciplines, and among geographic regions. WHOLE COMMUNITY (PLANNING OR APPROACH) Whole Community is defined by FEMA as "a means by which residents, emergency management practitioners, organizational and community leaders, and government officials can collectively understand and assess the needs of their respective communities and determine the best ways to organize and strengthen their assets, capacities, and interests.” Page 172 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 76 SECTION XIV: ACRONYMS AAR (AFTER ACTION REPORT) ADA (AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT OF 1990) AFN (ACCESS AND FUNCTIONAL NEEDS) ARC (AMERICAN RED CROSS) ASL (AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE) C.A.S.T. (CITIZENS’ ADVERSITY SUPPORT TEAM) [CHULA VISTA] CAL OES (CALIFORNIA GOVERNOR’S OFFICE OF EMERGENCY SERVICES) CC (CLOSED CAPTIONING) CDAA (CALIFORNIA DISASTER ASSISTANCE ACT) CERT (COMMUNITY EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM) CHP (CALIFORNIA HIGHWAY PATROL) COMPREHENSIVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLANS OR SYSTEM CON-OPS (CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS) CPG (COMPREHENSIVE PREPAREDNESS GUIDE 101, VERSION 2) DES (DIRECTOR OF EMERGENCY SERVICES) DOC (DEPARTMENT OPERATIONS CENTER) DSW (DISASTER SERVICES WORKERS) EAS (EMERGENCY ALERT SYSTEM) ECDC (SAN DIEGO EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS AND DATA CENTER) EEI (ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF INFORMATION) EO (EMERGENCY ORGANIZATION) EOC (EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER) EOP (EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN) EWP (EMERGENCY WATERSHED PROGRAM) FCC (FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION) FEMA (FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY) Page 173 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 77 FMAG (FIRE MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCE GRANT) HR (HUMAN RESOURCES) HSGP (HOMELAND SECURITY GRANT PROGRAM) IC (INCIDENT COMMANDER) ICS (INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM) IDE (INITIAL DAMAGE ESTIMATE) IT OR ITS (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS) JFO (JOINT FIELD OFFICE) JIS (JOINT INFORMATION SYSTEM) LE (LAW ENFORCEMENT, POLICE, SHERIFF, ETC.) MACS (MULTI-AGENCY COORDINATION SYSTEM) NGO (NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION) NIMS (NATIONAL INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) NRCS (NATIONAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE) OA (OPERATIONAL AREA) P/I (PLANNING/INTELLIGENCE) PDA (PRELIMINARY DAMAGE ASSESSMENT) PIO (PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICER) PW (PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT) RCS (REGIONAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM) SEMS (STANDARDIZED EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) SHSGP (STATE HOMELAND SECURITY GRANT PROGRAM) SOBARS (SOUTH BAY AMATEUR RADIO SOCIETY) SOC (STATE OPERATIONS CENTER) SPR (STATE PREPAREDNESS REPORT) TLO (TERRORISM LIAISON OFFICER) UASI (URBAN AREA SECURITY INITIATIVE) Page 174 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 78 UCG (UNIFIED COORDINATION GROUP) UDC (UNIFIED DISASTER COUNCIL) URBAN AREA SECURITY INITIATIVE (UASI) VoIP (VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL) VRI (VIDEO REMOTE INTERPRETING) VRS (VIDEO RELAY SERVICES) WEA (WIRELESS EMERGENCY ALERTS) Page 175 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 79 XV: INDEX (TO BE AMENDED) 2-1-1 36, 37 9-1-1 59, AAR (AFTER ACTION REPORT) 62, 64 ACCESS, EQUAL 24, 61 ACCESS, PHYSICAL 24 ACCESS AND FUNCTIONAL NEEDS (AFN) 11,15,16, 23, 24, 31, 32, 72 ACCESS TO EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION 24 ACCESSIBLE ALERTSANDIEGO 57, 59 ACTIVATION OF THE EOP 40 ACTIVATION OF THE EOC 36, 42-46, 50, 65 ACTIVATION OF THE EOC—CHART 43 ADA (AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT OF 1990) 15, 16 ADMINISTRATION, FINANCE, AND LOGISTICS 62 AFTER ACTION REPORT(S) (AAR) 62, 64 ALERTSANDIEGO 57, 59, 60 ALERTING (ALERTS AND WARNINGS) 14, 29, 50, 57-59 ALL-HAZARDS (APPROACH OR PLANNING) 8, 13, 14, 18, 19, 40 AMERICAN RED CROSS 25, 31, 36, 38, 67 AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE (ASL) 59, 61 AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT OF 1990 (ADA) 15, 16 ANIMAL CARE FACILITY 25, 31 ASL (AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE) 59, 61 ASSISTIVE LISTENING DEVICE 61 AUTHORITIES AND REFERENCES 72 BLACKBOARD CONNECT 58 BRAILLE READER 59 Page 176 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 80 CAL OES MUTUAL AID REGIONS, 18 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE 20 CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE 19, § 2450 64 CALIFORNIA DISASTER ASSISTANCE ACT (CDAA) 66 CALIFORNIA GOVERNMENT CODE § 8593.3 16, 73 CALIFORNIA GOVERNMENT CODE CHAPTER 7:1:2 § 8620-8624 (CALIFORNIA EMERGENCY SERVICES ACT) 40 CALIFORNIA EMERGENCY SERVICES ACT (CALIFORNIA GOVERNMENT CODE CHAPTER 7:1:2 § 8620-8624) 40 CALIFORNIA GOVERNOR’S OFFICE OF EMERGENCY SERVICES (CAL OES) 18, 35, 36, 39, 52, 57, 63, 64 CALIFORNIA HIGHWAY PATROL (CHP) 29 CALIFORNIA MASTER MUTUAL AID AGREEMENT 48, 49, 72 CAL OES (CALIFORNIA GOVERNOR’S OFFICE OF EMERGENCY SERVICES) 18, 35, 36, 39, 52, 57, 63, 64 CAPABILITIES 13, 41, 52, 68, 59, 68 CAPACITY 13, 14, 20 C.A.S.T. (CITIZENS’ ADVERSITY SUPPORT TEAM) [CHULA VISTA] 35 CC (CLOSED CAPTIONING) 61 CDAA (CALIFORNIA DISASTER ASSISTANCE ACT) 66 CERT (COMMUNITY EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM) 19, 35, 63 CHILD SUPPORT SERVICES, COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO 25 CHILDREN, ESSENTIAL NEEDS 24 CITIZENS’ ADVERSITY SUPPORT TEAM (C.A.S.T.) [CHULA VISTA] 35 CITY ATTORNEY 33, 36-38 CITY CLERK 34, 36-38 CITY COUNCIL 9, 27, 28, 33, 34, 36, 37, 39, 46, 47 CITY MANAGER 28, 36, 37, 39, 40 CLOSED CAPTIONING (CC) 61 Page 177 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 81 COMMAND AND CONTROL (LOCAL, ON SCENE) 22 COMMAND STAFF 22 COMMUNICATIONS 23, 24, 32-34, 36-39, 50, 54, 56, 60-62, 67 COMMUNICATIONS TEAM 60, 61 COMMUNICATIONS, OFFICE OF 32 COMMUNITY EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM (CERT) 19, 35, 63 COMMUNITY RESILIENCY 14 COMPREHENSIVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLANS OR SYSTEM 8,10, 40 COMPREHENSIVE PREPAREDNESS GUIDE 101, VERSION 2 (CPG) 8, 70 CON-OPS (CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS) 18 CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS (CON-OPS) 18 COST RECOVERY 63, 65 COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SERVICES 31 COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO CHILD SUPPORT SERVICES 25 COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO OPERATIONAL AREA 8, 34 CRITICAL FACILITIES 53, 54 CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 53, 54 CULTURAL COMPETENCE 16 CULTURALLY DIVERSE COMMUNITY 15, 16 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT 29, 33, 39, 44, 63 DEACTIVATION OF THE EOC 45 DEPARTMENT OPERATIONS CENTER (DOC) 50 DES (DIRECTOR OF EMERGENCY SERVICES) 27,28, 41, 43, 46, 47 DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DEPARTMENT 20, 33 DIRECTION, CONTROL AND COORDINATION 49 DIRECTOR OF EMERGENCY SERVICES (DES) 27,28, 41, 43, 46, 47 DISASTER COUNCIL 27, 37 Page 178 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 82 DISASTER PREPAREDNESS 19, 35 DISASTER PROCUREMENT POLICY 65 DISASTER SERVICES WORKERS (DSW) 28 34, 37 DISPATCH, DISPATCHER, DISPATCHING 53, 56, 58, 59, 62 DOC (DEPARTMENT OPERATIONS CENTER) 50 DOCUMENTATION 34, 38, 62-65 EAS OPERATIONAL AREA 57 ECDC (SAN DIEGO EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS AND DATA CENTER) 56 EMERGENCY ALERT SYSTEM (EAS) 57 EMERGENCY CONTRACTING SUPPORT 30 EMERGENCY EVENT 7, 13 EMERGENCY FACILITIES 67 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM 9, 34, 67 EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER (EOC) 14, 18,19, 26, 28, 30-34, 36, 37, 42-46, 49-55, 60, 62, 65,69 EOC (EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER) 14, 18,19, 26, 28, 30-34, 36, 37, 42-46, 49-55, 60, 62, 65,69 EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN (EOP) 7, 8-11, 16, 40, 48, 70, 71 EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN, ACTIVATION 40 EMERGENCY ORGANIZATION (EO) 10,18, 27-29 EMERGENCY PLANNING 10, 15, 16, 18, 62, 69 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, PREPAREDNESS 7, 8, 10, 13,18,19, 23, 33-36, 48, 68, 70, 72 EMERGENCY RESPONSE 7, 8, 10, 13, 15, 18-20, 22, 23, 25, 28, 30, 31, 34, 35, 41, 42, 49, 53, 59, 62, 64 ENGINEERING (DEPARTMENT) 30 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SERVICES 69 EOC (EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER) 14, 18,19, 26, 28, 30-34, 36, 37, 42-46, 49-55, 60, 62, 65,69 Page 179 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 83 EOC—ACTION PLAN 51, 62 EOC—ACTIVATION 36, 42-46, 50, 65 EOC—DEACTIVATION 45 EOC DIRECTOR 43, 55, 60 EOC—FINANCE/ADMIN 45, 51 EOC—LOCATION/ALTERNATE LOCATION 46, 60 EOC—LOGISTICS 38, 45, 51, 62, 69 EOC—MANAGEMENT 37, 45, 51, 62 EOC—OPERATIONS 11,13, 14, 19, 20, 22, 26, 29, 30-38, 41-46, 48-53, 56, 65, 70 EOC—ORGANIZATION 45 EOC—ORGANIZATIONAL CHART 46 EOC—OVERALL INCIDENT MANAGEMENT 50 EOC—OVERVIEW 42 EOC—PLANNING/INTEL 38, 45, 51,53 EOC—POLICY GROUP 28, 37, 45, 51 EQUAL ACCESS 24, 61 ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF INFORMATION (EEI) 53 ESSENTIAL NEEDS OF CHILDREN 24 EWP (NATIONAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE (NRCS) EMERGENCY WATERSHED PROGRAM) 66 FAMILY SEPARATION 24, 25 FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (FCC) 58 FEDERAL COORDINATION 49, 52 FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY (FEMA) 8, 35, 58, 66, 70, 72 FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION EMERGENCY RELIEF PROGRAM 66 FEDERAL LAWS 15 FEMA PUBLIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAM AND POLICY GUIDE 66 Page 180 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 84 FINANCE DEPARTMENT 32, 33, 65 FINANCE DIRECTOR 65 FINANCE/ADMINISTRATION—EOC FUNCTIONAL AREA 45, 51, 65 FIRE MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCE GRANT (FMAG) 65 FIRE DEPARTMENT (FD) 19, 28, 29, 35, 56, 72 FIRST RESPONDERS 14, 23, 30, 32, 41, 49, 56 FLEXIBLE 11, 40, 49 FULL-SCALE EXERCISE 19 GENERAL STAFF 22 GEO-TARGETING CAPABILITY 58 GIS MAPPING 38, 59 GOVERNOR 28, 35, 40, 45, 46, 64 HAZARD MITIGATION 20, 72 HAZARD MITIGATION GRANT PROGRAM 20 HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN 20, 72 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 7, 28, 29, 38, 54, 69 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INCIDENT 7, 69 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS RESPONSE PLAN 29 HOMELAND SECURITY GRANT PROGRAM (HSGP) 68 HOUSEHOLD PETS 25 HOUSING ASSISTANCE 66 HUMAN RESOURCES (HR) 33, 34, 36, 38, 39 IMPROVEMENT PLAN 64 INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM (ICS) 18, 22, 28, 29, 49, 51, 56, 72 INCIDENT COMMANDER (IC) 21 22, 42, 43, 45, 49, 50, 53, 55 58, 60, 69 INCIDENT COMMUNICATIONS 50, 56 INCIDENT REPORT 62 Page 181 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 85 INCLUSION 24 INCLUSIVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES 23 INDIVIDUAL ASSISTANCE 39, 63, 65, 66 INDIVIDUALS AND HOUSEHOLDS PROGRAM 66 INFORMATION COLLECTION, ANALYSIS, DISSEMINATION 53 INFORMATION COLLECTION 43, 53 INFORMATION ANALYSIS 54 INFORMATION DISSEMINATION 54 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SERVICES (IT OR ITS) 33, 36, 38, 39, 64 INITIAL DAMAGE ESTIMATE (IDE) 63 INTEGRATION 24, 72 INTEROPERABLE COMMUNICATIONS 14, 72 INTEROPERABILITY 56 INTERPRETERS (ASL, CERTIFIED) 61 JOINT FIELD OFFICE (JFO) 53 JOINT INFORMATION SYSTEM (JIS) 32 KLSD (1360 AM) 57 KOGO (600 AM) 57 LAW ENFORCEMENT (LE) (POLICE, SHERIFF) 8, 14, 15, 19, 22, 25, 28-30, 34, 36- 39, 41, 43, 48, 54, 56, 63, 72 LEVELS OF ACTIVATION (EMERGENCIES) [CHART] 41 LOGISTICS—EOC FUNCTIONAL AREA 38, 45, 51, 62, 67, 69 MANAGEMENT—EOC FUNCTIONAL AREA 42, 45, 50 MASS CARE 30, 31 MASS CARE AND SHELTERING OPERATIONS 31 MASS CASUALTY INCIDENT (EVENT) 29, 69 MASS FATALITY INCIDENT (EVENT) 69 Page 182 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 86 MASS NOTIFICATION 14, 29, 43, 58 MAYOR 27, 36, 37 MITIGATION, MITIGATE 8, 13,18,20, 29, 50, 68, 72 MULTI-AGENCY COORDINATION SYSTEM (MACS) 18, 49 MULTI-JURISDICTIONAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN (SD COUNTY, 2017) 20, 72 MUTUAL AID (AGREEMENTS) (ASSISTANCE) 10-11,13, 18, 20, 22, 25, 27, 29, 31, 41, 48, 49, 52, 67, 69, 72 NATIONAL INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (NIMS) 7,11,13, 18, 19, 69, 72 NATIONAL PREPAREDNESS GOAL 68 NATIONAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE (NRCS) EMERGENCY WATERSHED PROGRAM (EWP) 66 NEEDS ASSISTANCE 66 NGO (NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION) 13, 48 NIMS (NATIONAL INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) 7,11,13, 18, 19, 69, 72 NO CHARGE 24 NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION (NGO) 13, 48 NORMAL OPERATIONS 41 OFFICE OF COMMUNICATIONS 32, 60 OPERATIONS—EOC FUNCTIONAL AREA 11,13, 14, 19, 20, 22, 26, 29, 30-38, 41-46, 48-53, 56, 65, 70 OPERATIONAL AREA (OA) EOP 8,10,18, 20, 21, 26, 28, 34, 35, 40, 41, 47-49, 52, 57, 66, 68, 70, 72, 73 PERSONAL ASSISTANT SERVICES 61 PHYSICAL ACCESS 24 PICTOGRAMS/VISUAL LANGUAGE TRANSLATORS 61 PLAN CONCURRENCE 9 PLAN DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE 70 PLANNING/INTEL (P/I)—EOC FUNCTIONAL AREA 38, 45, 51,53 POLICY GROUP 28, 33, 37, 45, 51 Page 183 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 87 POST-INCIDENT RESILIENCY 14 PRE-DISASTER MITIGATION GRANTS 20 PRELIMINARY DAMAGE ASSESSMENT (PDA) 63 PRE-POSITIONING (EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT) 31, 67 PRESIDENTIAL DECLARATION OF A NATIONAL EMERGENCY 40 PROCLAMATION(S) OF LOCAL EMERGENCY 27, 28, 37, 42, 46, 47 PROGRAM MODIFICATION 24 PROMULGATION STATEMENT 7 PROTECTIVE ACTION 57, 58, 61 PUBLIC ASSISTANCE 2, 39, 63, 65, 66 PUBLIC EDUCATION/OUTREACH 19 PUBLIC HEALTH CRISES 69 PUBLIC INFORMATION 14, 23, 32, 36, 46, 57, 60, 61 PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICER (PIO) 27 32, 44, 55 PUBLIC MESSAGING15, 32, 60 PUBLIC WORKS (DEPARTMENT) 30, 43, 48, 56, 72 RCS (REGIONAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM) 56 RECORD RETENTION 34, 64 RECOVERY 8, 10, 11, 19, 23, 26, 27, 28, 33, 39, 42, 45, 48, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 65, 66, 68, 73 RECOVERY DIRECTOR 33, 39, 65 RECOVERY OPERATIONS 19, 26, 33, 42, 45 RECREATION DEPARTMENT 31 REGIONAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM (RCS) 56 REIMBURSEMENT (FEDERAL/STATE) 33, 39, 63, 65 RESILIENCY (COMMUNITY) 14 RESILIENCY (POST-INCIDENT) 14 Page 184 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 88 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 11, 69 RESOURCE-TYPING 67 RESPONSE 7-11, 13-15, 18-23, 25, 26, 28-36, 40-42, 45, 48-54, 56, 59, 60, 62, 64, 65, 68-70 RESPONSE (TACTICAL) 50 REVERSE 9-1-1 59 ROLES AND FUNCTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES [CHART] 36 SAN DIEGO COUNTY DAMAGE ASSESSMENT CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS 63 SAN DIEGO COUNTY EMERGENCY MANAGERS WORKING GROUP 70 SAN DIEGO COUNTY OPERATIONAL AREA RECOVERY PLAN, 26, 66, 73 SAN DIEGO COUNTY SHERIFF’S DEPARTMENT WIRELESS SERVICES DIVISION 56 SAN DIEGO EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS AND DATA CENTER (ECDC) 56 SAN DIEGO LAW ENFORCEMENT COORDINATION CENTER 29 SCALABLE 11, 18, 40, 49 SEMS (STANDARDIZED EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) 7, 13, 18, 20, 21, 45, 49, 69, 72 SENATE BILL 160, 16 SERVICE ANIMALS 25 SHELTERING POLICIES (CITY) 25 SHSGP (STATE HOMELAND SECURITY GRANT PROGRAM) 68 SITUATIONAL MANAGEMENT 49 SOBARS (SOUTH BAY AMATEUR RADIO SOCIETY) 36 SOC (STATE OPERATIONS CENTER) 52 SOCIAL MEDIA 32, 53-55, 60, 61 SOUTH BAY AMATEUR RADIO SOCIETY (SOBARS) 36 (SPR) STATE PREPAREDNESS REPORT 68 STAKEHOLDERS 8,13,15 Page 185 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 89 STANDARDIZED EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (SEMS) 7, 13, 18, 20, 21, 45, 49, 69, 72 STANDARDIZED TERMINOLOGY AND PROTOCOLS, 14 STATE COORDINATION 49, 52 STATE HOMELAND SECURITY GRANT PROGRAM (SHSGP) 68 STATE OF EMERGENCY 46, 47 STATE OF WAR EMERGENCY 28, 40, 42, 45-47, 64 STATE OPERATIONS CENTER (SOC) 52 STATE PREPAREDNESS REPORT (SPR) 68 STOCKPILING 67 SUPPORT REQUIREMENTS 69 SUPPORTING ORGANIZATIONS 34 TABLETOP EXERCISE 19 TACTICAL 22, 23, 48-50 TACTICAL RESPONSE 50 TACTICAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 50 TERRORISM LIAISON OFFICER (TLO) 29 TRAINING AND EXERCISES 18, 19 TTY/TDD 59 UASI (URBAN AREA SECURITY INITIATIVE) 68, 69 UCG (UNIFIED COORDINATION GROUP) 52 UDC (UNIFIED DISASTER COUNCIL) 7, 58 UNINCORPORATED AREA 52 UNIFIED COMMAND 22, 45, 49, 50, 52 UNIFIED COORDINATION GROUP (UCG) 52 UNIFIED DISASTER COUNCIL (UDC) 7, 58 URBAN AREA SECURITY INITIATIVE (UASI) 68, 69 Page 186 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 90 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS REHABILITATION AND INSPECTION PROGRAM 66 US DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EMERGENCY LOANS 66 US DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT 66 VIDEO RELAY SERVICES (VRS) 61 VIDEO REMOTE INTERPRETING (VRI) 61 VIRTUAL TECHNOLOGIES 46 VISUAL LANGUAGE TRANSLATORS/PICTOGRAMS 61 VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL (VoIP) 59 VoIP (VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL) 59 VRI (VIDEO REMOTE INTERPRETING) 61 VRS (VIDEO RELAY SERVICES) 61 VULNERABLE POPULATIONS 11, 23 WEA (WIRELESS EMERGENCY ALERT) 57, 58 WEA VERSION 3.0 58 WebEOC 54, 62 WHOLE COMMUNITY (PLANNING OR APPROACH) 14, 15, 31, 32, 61, 69, 72 WIRELESS EMERGENCY ALERT (WEA) 57, 58 WIRELESS SERVICES DIVISION (COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO SHERIFF’S DEPARTMENT) 56 ZONING ORDINANCES 20 Page 187 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda STATE OF CALIFORNIA Gavin Newsom, Governor August 1, 2021 Marlon King Emergency Services Manager City of Chula Vista 276 Fourth Ave Chula Vista, CA 91910 Mr. King, CalOES Emergency Services Coordinator Cruz Ponce has completed his review of the City of Chula Vista Emergency Operations Plan (EOP). I have reviewed the attached staff report and concur with its findings and recommendations. Accordingly, I have determined that the Chula Vista EOP is acceptable in accordance with the requirements of the Emergency Services Act and the California Master Mutual Aid Agreement. This plan is also consistent with state guidance available at the time the plan was developed. This acceptance is contingent upon implementation of the recommendations in the attached staff report and the adoption of the EOP by your governing body or their designee. We recommend EOP updates every three years. Following the adoption of your plan, please provide us with the following: A signed copy of the Signed Concurrence by Principal Departments, and Any resolutions that pertain to the adoption of your EOP. Thank you for your planning effort. I encourage you to continue to develop supporting operating procedures, exercise your plan, and review the plan every three years. If you have any questions or require any assistance, please contact my office at (562) 795-2900. Sincerely, Dan Weiss, Deputy Regional Administrator Southern Region cc: San Diego County, Office of Emergency Services Master File, CalOES Southern Region CALIFORNIA GOVERNORS OFFICE OF EMERGENCY SERVICES SOUTHERN REGION 4671 Liberty Avenue Los Alamitos, California 90720-5158 Phone: (562) 795-2900 Fax: (562) 795-2877 Page 188 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 1 San Diego County, California 2023 Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Decorative Image Page 189 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda i TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................................. I INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 1 1. SECTION ONE: DETERMINE THE PLANNING AREA AND RESOURCES ....................................................... 5 1.1. PLANNING AREA: SAN DIEGO COUNTY ............................................................................................... 5 1.2. COMMUNITY RATING SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................ 22 2. SECTION TWO: BUILD THE PLANNING TEAM ........................................................................................ 26 2.1. PLANNING PARTICIPANTS ................................................................................................................. 27 2.2. PLANNING PROCESS ......................................................................................................................... 33 3. SECTION THREE: CREATE AN OUTREACH STRATEGY ............................................................................. 48 3.1. WHOLE COMMUNITY APPROACH ..................................................................................................... 48 3.2. COMMUNITY OUTREACH STRATEGY ................................................................................................. 51 4. SECTION FOUR: REVIEW COMMUNITY CAPABILITIES ........................................................................... 54 4.1. CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT ................................................................................................................. 54 4.2. NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM (NFIP) ............................................................................. 68 5. SECTION FIVE: CONDUCT A RISK ASSESSMENT ..................................................................................... 76 5.1. HAZARD ASSESSMENT SUMMARY .................................................................................................... 77 5.2. ALL HAZARD PROFILES ...................................................................................................................... 86 5.3. VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT ......................................................................................................... 159 6. SECTION SIX: DEVELOP A MITIGATION STRATEGY .............................................................................. 266 6.1. MITIGATION ACTION EVALUATION ................................................................................................. 266 6.2. MITIGATION GOALS, OBJECTIVES, AND ACTIONS IMPLEMENTATION ............................................. 270 7. SECTION SEVEN: KEEP THE PLAN CURRENT ........................................................................................ 288 7.1. MITIGATION ACTION PROGRESS ..................................................................................................... 288 7.2. PLAN UPDATE EVALUATION ............................................................................................................ 297 7.3. PLAN MAINTENANCE, MONITORING, EVALUATION, & UPDATES .................................................... 298 APPENDIX 1. BASE DATA SOURCES 2021 ............................................................................................... 305 APPENDIX 2. HAZARD DATA SOURCES 2021 .......................................................................................... 308 APPENDIX 3. OTHER SOURCES/REFERENCES .......................................................................................... 309 APPENDIX 4. SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY REFERENCES, UNIVERSITY OF SAN DIEGO ..... 311 APPENDIX 5. SURVEY RESULTS FOR SD MULTIJURISDICTIONAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN REVISION . 318 APPENDIX 6. MEETINGS ......................................................................................................................... 326 Page 190 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda ii THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Page 191 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda INTRODUCTION 1 INTRODUCTION PLAN DESCRIPTION Across the United States, natural and human-caused disasters lead to increasing levels of death, injury, property damage, and interruption of business and government services. The impact on families and individuals can be immense, and damages to businesses can result in regional economic consequences. The time, money, and effort to respond to and recover from these disasters divert public resources and attention from other important programs and situations. With experience in presidential disaster declarations, gubernatorial proclamations, and local emergency proclamations, San Diego County, California recognizes the consequences of disasters, the need to reduce impacts of natural and human-caused hazards, and the importance of increasing regional resiliency. Elected and appointed County officials also know that carefully selected mitigation actions (in the forms of projects and programs) can become long-term, cost-effective means for reducing natural and human-caused hazard impacts. This San Diego County, California, Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (The/This Plan) was prepared with input from: • County public • County of San Diego Groups, Agencies and Departments • Eighteen Incorporated Cities • The Port of San Diego • Water Districts • Fire Protection Districts • Air Pollution Control District • The National Weather Service • Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego • California Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) • Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). This plan update included over three years of coordination with planning participants and will help guide the region toward greater disaster resilience in harmony with the community layout and needs. PLAN PURPOSE Federal legislation has historically provided funding for disaster relief, recovery, and some hazard mitigation planning. The Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000) is the most current legislation to improve this planning process (Public Law 106-390). The legislation reinforces the importance of mitigation planning and emphasizes planning for disasters before they occur. As such, DMA 2000 establishes a pre-disaster hazard mitigation program and requirements for the national post-disaster Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP). Page 192 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda INTRODUCTION 2 Section 322 of DMA 2000 specifically addresses mitigation planning at state and local levels. It identifies new requirements that allow HMGP funds to be used for planning activities, and increases the amount of HMGP funds available to states that have developed a comprehensive, enhanced mitigation plan prior to a disaster. States and communities must have an approved mitigation plan in place prior to receiving post-disaster HMGP funds. Local and Tribal Hazard Mitigation Plans must demonstrate their proposed mitigation measures are based on a sound planning process that account for the risk to and the capabilities of the individual communities. State governments have certain responsibilities for implementing Section 322, including: • Preparing and submitting a standard or enhanced state mitigation plan • Reviewing and updating the state mitigation plan every three years • Providing technical assistance and training to local governments to assist them in applying for HMGP grants and in developing local mitigation plans • Reviewing and approving local plans if the state is designated a managing state and has an approved enhanced plan. The intent of DMA 2000 is to facilitate cooperation and collaboration between state and local authorities, which encourages and rewards local and state pre-disaster planning and promotes sustainability as disaster resilience strategy. This enhanced planning network is intended to enable local and state governments to articulate accurate needs for mitigation— resulting in faster allocation of funding and more effective risk reduction projects. FEMA prepared an Interim Final Rule, published in the Federal Register on February 26, 2002 (44 CFR Parts 201 and 206), which establishes planning and funding criteria for states and local communities. This plan was prepared to meet state and federal statutes and requirements, thus making the County and all participating jurisdictions and special districts eligible for funding and technical assistance from state and federal hazard mitigation programs. EXISTING AUTHORITIES In the early 1960s, the incorporated cities and the County of San Diego formed a Joint Powers Agreement which established the Unified San Diego County Emergency Services Organization (USDCESO) and the Unified Disaster Council (UDC) as the policy making group. This Plan is intended to serve many purposes, including: • Enhance Public Awareness and Understanding– to help the public better understand the natural and human-caused hazards that threaten public health, safety, and welfare; economic vitality; and the operational capability of important institutions. • Create a Decision Tool for Management – to provide information that managers and leaders of local government, business and industry, community associations, and other key institutions and organizations need to take action to address vulnerabilities to future disasters. • Promote Compliance with State and Federal Program Requirements– to ensure San Diego County and its incorporated cities can take full advantage of state and federal grant programs, policies, and regulations that encourage or mandate that local governments develop comprehensive hazard mitigation plans. Page 193 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda INTRODUCTION 3 • Enhance Local Policies for Hazard Mitigation Capability– to provide the policy basis for mitigation actions that should be promulgated by participating jurisdictions to create a more disaster-resistant future, and to document each jurisdiction’s ability to expand on and improve existing policies and programs. • Provide Inter-Jurisdictional Coordination of Mitigation-Related Programming – to ensure proposals for mitigation initiatives are reviewed and coordinated among the participating jurisdictions within the County. • Achieve Regulatory Compliance – To qualify for certain forms of federal aid for pre- and post-disaster funding, local jurisdictions must comply with the federal DMA 2000 and its implementing regulations (44 CFR Section 201.6). DMA 2000 intends for hazard mitigation plans to remain relevant and current. Therefore, it requires State Hazard Mitigation Plans are updated every three years and local plans, including this San Diego County Plan, every five years. This means San Diego’s Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan uses a five-year planning cycle, which is designed to coordinate the region’s edits of data, assumptions, goals, objectives, and actions/projects before the plan is submitted for re-approval to Cal OES and FEMA. The UDC, the San Diego County Board of Supervisors, City Councils, and governing Boards for each participating municipality or special district will adopt the Plan (according to their existing authorities) once the State of California and FEMA have granted provisional plan approval in the form of an “Approved Pending Adoption” Letter. Page 194 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 4 SECTION ONE: Determining the Planning Area and Resources San Diego County, California 2023 Decorative Image CAL FIRE San Diego Communications Bureau Page 195 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 5 1. SECTION ONE: DETERMINE THE PLANNING AREA AND RESOURCES Overall, San Diego County is comprised of 18 incorporated cities and a vast number of unincorporated communities. The county’s total population in 2020 was approximately 3.3 million—making San Diego County the second most populous county in the state.0F0F0F 1 1.1. PLANNING AREA: SAN DIEGO COUNTY San Diego County, one of 58 counties in the state of California, was established on February 18, 1850, just after California became the 31st state. The County stretches 65 miles from north to south, and 86 miles from east to west, covering 4,261 square miles.1F1F1F 2 Elevation ranges from sea level to about 6,500 feet. Orange and Riverside Counties border the north, the agricultural communities of Imperial County border the east, the Pacific Ocean lies west, and the State of Baja California, Mexico borders the south. 1.1.1. UNINCORPORATED COMMUNITIES (POPULATION: 505,675)2F2F2F 3 The Unincorporated County consists of approximately 34 Community Planning and Sub- regional Areas. Many of the communities in the Unincorporated County jurisdiction are in the mountains, desert, North County, or on the border of Mexico. Rancho Santa Fe, an affluent residential and resort community, is one of the exceptions, located within the urban core area. The community of Julian is in the central mountains, along a principal travel route between the desert and Metropolitan San Diego, and is a common tourist destination. Alpine is located east of El Cajon on Interstate 8 and is considered a gateway to San Diego County’s wilderness areas of mountains, forests, and deserts. The Sub-regional Planning Areas are Central Mountain, County Islands, Mountain Empire, North County Metro, and North Mountain. Communities within the Central Mountain Sub- region are Cuyamaca, Descanso, Guatay, Pine Valley, and Mount Laguna. The County Islands Community Plan area consists of Mira Mesa, Greenwood, and Lincoln Acres. The North Mountain Sub-region is mostly rural and includes Santa Ysabel, Warner Springs, Palomar Mountain, Mesa Grande, Sunshine Summit, Ranchita and Oak Grove. The Mountain Empire Sub-region contains Tecate, Potrero, Boulevard, Campo, Jacumba, and the remainder of the plan area. The Community Planning Areas are Alpine, Bonsall, Borrego Springs, Boulevard, Crest/Dehesa/Granite Hills/Harbison Canyon, Cuyamaca, Descanso, Desert, Fallbrook, Hidden Meadows, Jacumba, Jamul/Dulzura, Julian, Lake Morena/Campo, Lakeside/Pepper Drive-Bostonia, Otay, Pala-Pauma, Palomar/North Mountain, Pendleton/Deluz, Pine Valley, Portrero, Rainbow, Ramona, San Dieguito (Rancho Santa Fe), Spring Valley, Sweetwater, Tecate, Twin Oaks, Valle De Oro, and Valley Center. The following subsections provide County of San Diego Economy, Physical Features, Infrastructure, and Jurisdictional summaries, with data and research provided within the 1 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/auditor/pdf/adoptedplan_21-23.pdf 2 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/auditor/pdf/adoptedplan_21-23.pdf 3 2020 Jurisdiction Population Estimate from SANDAG: https://datasurfer.sandag.org/dataoverview Page 196 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 6 County of San Diego’s existing “Adopted Operational Plan Fiscal Years 2021-2022 and 2022- 2023”: 1.1.2. ECONOMY San Diego offers a vibrant and diverse economy, along with a strong and committed partnership of local government and businesses dedicated to the creation and retention of quality jobs. The San Diego County business climate continues to thrive due to the diversification of valuable assets, such as world class research institutions; proximity to Mexico and the Pacific Rim; a well-educated, highly productive work force; and an unmatched entrepreneurial spirit. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) can be an indicator of the nation’s economic health, and its growth is driven by multiple sectors, including net exports of goods and services, government consumption expenditures, and gross investment. According to the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), calendar year 2020 saw a decrease in real GDP, as the national economy was impacted by the response to the global COVID-19 pandemic. The economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic prompted federal fiscal stimulus efforts, which provided support to economic activity in 2020 and potentially in 2021 (COVID-19 pandemic economic impacts are regularly assessed). As the State of California economically recovers from the COVID-19 pandemic, experts predict consumers will resume pre-pandemic behaviors like spending money on clothing, cars, housing, and furniture. In 2019, San Diego County accounted for more than $222.3 billion (7.9%) of California’s GDP and 8.4 percent of the State’s population (based on U.S. Census data). San Diego’s abundant and diverse supply of labor at competitive rates is one of the area’s greatest assets. A 2019 study using 2019 data found that 23% of San Diego County’s workforce is either in the retail or hospitality sectors. San Diego County also includes the largest concentration of U.S. military in the world, which is an important contributor to the region’s economy.3F3F3F 4 1.1.3. EMPLOYMENT According to the California Employment Development Department, low and middle San Diego County wage workers made more than the state average, however, high wage earners made less than the state average. In 2019, the median household income for San Diego County was nearly $79,000, but other factors, like inflation, could have reduced spending availability. 4F4F4F 5 The COVID-19 pandemic also affected jobs that relied on tourism. A study using 2019 data found that 23% of San Diego County’s workforce were employed in the retail or leisure & hospitality sectors. Therefore, unemployment numbers increased during the COVID-19 Pandemic.5F5F5F 6 Unemployment rates rose to 15.9% by the end of April 2020, dropped to 6.8% by November 2020, and fell again to 6.3% by May 2021. This unemployment rate was slightly higher than 4 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/auditor/pdf/adoptedplan_21-23.pdf 5 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/auditor/pdf/adoptedplan_21-23.pdf 6 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/auditor/pdf/adoptedplan_21-23.pdf Page 197 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 7 the national average of 5.5%, but also significantly lower than the state’s rate of 7.5%.6F6F6F 7 7F7F7F 8 Overall, the region's job and unemployment numbers are improving, and labor supply is still strong. There are several reasons for the strong labor supply in San Diego. The area’s appealing climate and renowned quality of life are two main factors that attract a quality workforce. The excellent quality of life continues to be an important advantage for San Diego companies in attracting and retaining workers. In addition, local colleges and universities augment the region’s steady influx of qualified labor.8F8F8F 9 1.1.4. PHYSICAL FEATURES The physical, social, and economic development of the region has been influenced by its unique geography, which encompasses over 70 miles of coastline, broad valleys, lakes, forested mountains, and the desert. The county can be divided into three basic geographic areas, all generally running in the north-south direction. The coastal plain extends from the ocean to inland areas for 20 to 25 miles. The foothills and mountains, rising in elevation to 6,500 feet, comprise the middle section of the county. The third area is the desert, extending from the mountains into Imperial County, 80 miles east of the coast. San Diegans can live in the mountains, work near the ocean, and take recreational day trips to the desert. One of San Diego’s greatest assets is its climate, with mild winters, pleasant summers, and an abundance of sunshine and light rainfall. 9F9F9F 10 San Diego County experiences climatic diversity due to its varied topography. Traveling inland, temperatures tend to be warmer in the summer and cooler in the winter. In the local mountains, the average daily highs are 70 degrees and lows are about 55 degrees. 10F10F10F 11 The local mountains also get a light snowfall several times a year. East of the mountains is the Anza Borrego Desert—where rainfall is minimal, and summers are hot. The dry, mild climate of San Diego County is conducive to productivity. Outdoor work and recreational activities are possible almost year-round. In addition, storage and indoor work can be handled with minimum investment in heating and air conditioning, although extreme heat events have recently increased in both frequency and severity. 1.1.5. INFRASTRUCTURE According to FEMA’s Local Mitigation Planning Handbook, infrastructure systems are critical for life safety and economic viability, and include transportation, power, and water systems. Many critical facilities depend on infrastructure to function. For example, hospitals need electricity and water to continue treating patients. As with critical facilities, the continued operations of infrastructure systems during and after a disaster are key factors in the severity of regional impacts and the speed of recovery.11F11F11F 12 7 https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-county-metro-and-other-areas 8 https://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ 9 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/auditor/pdf/adoptedplan_21-23.pdf 10 https://usafacts.org/issues/climate/state/california/county/san-diego-county?endDate=2022-06-06&startDate=2018-02- 01#climate 11 https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=sgx 12 https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/2020-06/fema-local-mitigation-planning-handbook_03-2013.pdf Page 198 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 8 TRANSPORTATION San Diego has a well-developed road system. There are freeways and state highways maintained by Caltrans, private roads maintained by property owners, and other public roads like those within incorporated cities (not within the County Maintained System). 12F12F12F 13 All urbanized areas in the region and some rural areas are served by public transit. The San Diego region is divided into two transit development boards: the San Diego Metropolitan Transit Development Board (MTDB), and the North County Transit Development Board (NCTD). The Metropolitan Transit System (MTS) operates transit service under MTDB and owns assets of San Diego Trolley, Inc. (SDTI), San Diego Transit Corporation (SDTC), and the San Diego & Arizona Eastern (SD&AE) Railway Company (which owns 108 miles of track and right-of-way). Pre-COVID-19 Pandemic, MTS served approximately 3 million people in San Diego County, generated 88 million annual passenger trips (300,000 trips each workday), and responded to demand by scheduling 7,000 trips each workday. MTS licenses and regulates taxicabs, jitneys, and other private for-hire passenger transportation services by contract with the cities of San Diego, Chula Vista, El Cajon, Imperial Beach, La Mesa, Lemon Grove, National City, Poway, Santee, and portions of San Diego County’s unincorporated areas. Routes also connect with other regional operators’ routes, and San Diego Trolley operates the light rail transit system under MTDB. 13F13F13F 14 Alternatively, the North County Transit District (NCTD) is governed by Board of Directors with voting members from Carlsbad, Del Mar, Encinitas, Escondido, Oceanside, Solana Beach, San Marcos, Vista, and San Diego County, and one non-voting member from the City of San Diego. NCTD operates within a geographical area of approximately 1,020 square miles, and primarily carries passengers in North San Diego County (from the Pacific Ocean east to Ramona, and from the Orange County border south to Del Mar, with connections extending to downtown San Diego). NCTD provides about 10.3 million passenger trips per year, and its bus system has 30 routes. In addition, NCTD runs special Express Buses for certain sporting and special events in San Diego. Other services include SPRINTER hybrid rail, COASTER commuter trains, FLEX demand response, and LIFT ADA paratransit service. NCTD shares the use of its tracks with rail partners: Amtrak, Metrolink, BNSF, and Pacific Sun Railroad. Amtrak and Metrolink operate more than 264 commuter trains on our tracks every week, while BNSF and Pacific Sun move more than 9.6 million pounds of freight. 14F14F14F 15 15F15F15F 16 GAS & ELECTRICITY (POWER) San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E) is a public utility company that provides natural gas and electric service to 3.7 million consumers through 1.4 million electric meters and 873,000 natural gas meters in San Diego County and South Orange County.16F16F16F 17 Overall, SDG&E’s service area encompasses 4,100 square miles, two counties, and 25 communities. SDG&E is a subsidiary of Sempra Energy, a Fortune 500 energy services holding company based in 13 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/sdc/dpw/roads/maintroad.html 14 https://www.sdmts.com/about/about-mts 15 NCTD-At-A-Glance-Fact-Sheet-February-2022.pdf (gonctd.com) 16 Facts Sheets | North County Transit District (gonctd.com) 17 About Us | San Diego Gas & Electric (sdge.com) Page 199 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 9 San Diego. All petroleum products in the region are delivered via a pipeline system operated by Kinder Morgan Energy Partners. 17F17F17F 18 18F18F18F 19 WATER The San Diego County Water Authority (Water Authority) is a public agency serving the San Diego region as a wholesale supplier of water. Water Authority works through its 24 member agencies to provide a safe, reliable water supply to support the region’s $240 billion economy and the quality of life of 3.3 million public members.19F19F19F 20 The 24 member agencies are comprised of six cities, three public utility districts, three irrigation districts, eleven municipal water districts, and one federal agency (military base) and cover a service area of 934,778 acres.20F20F20F 21 In 2020, Metropolitan Water District of Southern California supplied 18% of San Diego County Water Authority’s water, while 82% came from local and other supplies. Metropolitan Water District imports the water from two sources: the Colorado River and the State Water Project (Bay-Delta) in Northern California.21F21F21F 22 22F22F22F 23 Traveling hundreds of miles over aqueduct systems (including pump stations, treatment plants and reservoirs), water is transported through the Water Authority’s five primary pipelines, then distributed to the member agencies for delivery to the public. In 2020, 127 gallons of water per person, per day, were used in San Diego County.23F23F23F 24 1.1.6. PLANNING AREA: LOCAL JURISDICTIONS The planning area for this document also includes local jurisdictions, such as the eighteen incorporated cities and special districts. More details are provided in participating jurisdictions’ respective annexes. Carlsbad (Population: 114,746) Carlsbad is a coastal community located 35 miles north of Downtown San Diego. It is bordered by Encinitas to the south, Vista and San Marcos to the east, and Oceanside to the north. Carlsbad is home to world-class resorts, such as the La Costa Resort and Spa and the Four Seasons Resort at Aviara (offering championship-level golf and tennis facilities). Carlsbad’s commercial/recreational landscape also includes Legoland, which opened in spring 1999. The City of Carlsbad has a strong economy, much of which has come from industrial development. For example, Callaway Golf, Cobra Golf, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, and Immune Response are a few of the local companies located in Carlsbad.24F24F24F 25 25F25F25F 26 18 https://www.sdge.com/more-information/our-company 19 https://www.sdge.com/more-information/our-company/about- us#:~:text=3.7%20million%20consumers,Diego%20and%20southern%20Orange%20counties. 20 https://www.sdcwa.org/about-us/ 21 https://www.sdcwa.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/overview-fs.pdf 22 https://www.mwdh2o.com/media/12208/2022-annual-achievement-report-full.pdf 23 https://www.sdcwa.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/overview-fs.pdf 24 Ibid 25 https://ir.ionispharma.com/news-releases/news-release-details/isis-pharmaceuticals-changes-name-ionis-pharmaceuticals 26 https://ir.callawaygolf.com/corporate-governance/contact-the-board County OES Decorative Image Page 200 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 10 The City of Carlsbad has four high performing school districts (Carlsbad Unified, Encinitas Union, San Dieguito Union & San Marcos Unified). Distinguished private and parochial schools also serve Carlsbad (including the internationally renowned Army & Navy Academy), which offer specialties in STEM/STEAM, the arts, International Baccalaureate, and other curricula.26F26F26F 27 27F27F27F 28 Chula Vista (Population: 275,487) The City of Chula Vista is located at the center of one of the richest cultural, economic, and environmentally diverse zones in the United States. It is the second-largest city in San Diego County and boasts more than 52 square miles of coastal landscape, canyons, rolling hills, mountains, quality parks, and trails. Chula Vista is a leader in conservation and renewable energy and has outstanding public schools. Established neighborhoods, contemporary communities, start-up firms, corporations, nationally recognized entertainment venues, the nation’s only warm weather athlete training center (the Chula Vista Elite Athlete Training Center), an award-winning nature center, and a historic downtown all contribute to Chula Vista’s attraction for both families and businesses.28F28F28F 29 A range of educational opportunities, from preschool to college are available in Chula Vista. Chula Vista Elementary School District (CVESD) is the largest K-6 district in California with over 28,500 students and 46 campuses. The CVESD is a high-performing and frequently honored district for student academic achievement, The city is also home to the Sweetwater Union High School District (SUHSD), the largest secondary school 7-12 district in California. The district encompasses 41,000 students, and 24,000 adult students on 32 campuses.29F29F29F 30 Coronado (Population: 20,192) The City of Coronado is a small, 13.5 square mile beach community, with an island feel. The military bases of the Naval Air Station North Island and Naval Amphibious Base occupy 5.3 square miles, and Coronado is connected to San Diego by a 2.3-mile bridge and to Imperial Beach (its neighbor to the south) by a six-mile scenic highway (the Silver Strand).30F30F30F 31 It is primarily a bedroom community for San Diego and an internationally renowned tourist destination. This vibrant community welcomes more than two million visitors annually to soak up the sun and the sand, while enjoying the lush surroundings and village appeal of Coronado. The city contains world-class resorts, including the Hotel Del Coronado, and highly acclaimed restaurants. Coronado Unified School District serves local students and includes eight schools.31F31F31F 32 Del Mar (Population: 4,268) Incorporated in 1959, the City of Del Mar is a quaint, seaside village located 20 miles north of San Diego. Del Mar is the smallest city in the County, covers just 2.2 square miles, and is known for its vibrant small-town atmosphere. Del Mar attracts locals and upwards of 2 million 27 https://www.carlsbadca.gov/residents/schools 28 https://www.armyandnavyacademy.org/ 29 https://trainatchulavista.com/about-olympic-athlete-training-site/ 30 chulavistaca.gov/residents/education 31 https://www.coronado.ca.us/210/About-Coronado 32 https://coronadousd.net/Our-District/index.html Page 201 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 11 visitors annually from all over the world, who come to enjoy the beautiful dog-friendly beaches, hiking trails, scenic views, and the many shops and dining opportunities located within the Del Mar Village. The community is primarily comprised of single-family residential neighborhoods, with retail uses and restaurants in the downtown, a small commercial area, and several hotels. Located 27 miles north of Downtown San Diego, this coastal community is known for its affluence and comfortable standard of living. It is a beautiful, wooded hillside area overlooking the ocean and has a resort-like atmosphere. The Del Mar Racetrack and Thoroughbred Club serve as Del Mar’s most noted landmark. This racetrack is also the location for the annual San Diego County Fair. The City of Del Mar’s shoreline includes the Del Mar City Beach and the Torrey Pines State Beach. The city provides law enforcement services through a contract with the San Diego County Sheriff’s Department, and fire administration is provided through a mutual agreement between the cities of Del Mar, Encinitas, and Solana Beach.32F32F32F 33 El Cajon (Population: 106,215) El Cajon is located 15 miles east of the City of San Diego. El Cajon is an inland valley surrounded by rolling hills and mountains. As one of the most eastern cities in the County, El Cajon has a warm and dry climate. El Cajon is a diverse residential, commercial, and industrial area, and serves as the main commerce center for several surrounding communities. Gillespie Field, a general aviation airport, is a major contributing factor to the city’s vibrant industrial development. There are three School Districts that serve El Cajon: Cajon Valley Unified School District, La Mesa-Spring Valley Unified School District, and Grossmont Union High School District. There are also several charter schools within the city.33F33F33F 34 Encinitas (Population: 62,780) Encinitas is located along six miles of Pacific coastline in the northern half of San Diego County. Approximately 21 square miles, Encinitas is characterized by coastal beaches, cliffs, flat-topped coastal areas, steep mesa bluffs, and rolling hills. Incorporated in 1986, the city encompasses the communities of Old Encinitas, New Encinitas, Olivenhain, Leucadia, and Cardiff-By-The-Sea. Encinitas is bordered by Carlsbad to the north, Solana Beach to the south and the community of Rancho Santa Fe to the east. The Los Angeles/San Diego (LOSSAN) rail passes through the city, and other transit corridors traversing the city include El Camino Real and Coast Highway 101. The San Elijo Lagoon Reserve boasts the largest coastal wetland in San Diego County and is home to nearly 300 different bird species throughout the year. The century-old Downtown 101 coastal shopping district features historic architecture, quaint shops, sidewalk cafes, specialty retail stores and upscale restaurants. The city is served by the Encinitas Union School and San Dieguito Union High School Districts.34F34F34F 35 33 https://www.delmar.ca.us/764/About-Del-Mar 34 https://www.elcajon.gov/resident-services/living-in-el-cajon/el-cajon-schools 35 https://coronavirus.encinitasca.gov/public-schools Page 202 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 12 Escondido (Population: 151,038) Escondido is located 30 miles north of San Diego and is approximately 18 miles inland from the coast. In 1994, the people of Escondido conceived a vision of cultural excellence.35F35F35F 36 Today, the $73.4 million California Center for the Arts stands as a product of this vision. Inland North San Diego County, of which Escondido is at the core, is emerging as a regional economic leader at the forefront of job development and new industries. Escondido has a comprehensive mix of successful businesses—supplying a diverse job base and high quality of life.36F36F36F 37 There is a unique mix of agriculture, industrial firms, high-tech firms, recreational centers, parks, and residential areas in the city. The area’s largest shopping mall, the North County Fair, houses major retail and smaller stores. California State University, San Marcos and Palomar Community College are located within minutes of Escondido. Escondido is served by two public school districts—Escondido Union and San Pasqual Union.37F37F37F 38 Imperial Beach (Population: 26,137) Imperial Beach claims the distinction of being the “Most Southwesterly City – in the continental United States.” The city is in the Southwest corner of San Diego County, only five miles from the Mexican Border and 15 miles from downtown San Diego. With a population of 26,137, Imperial Beach occupies an area of 4.4 square miles. Imperial Beach offers some of the least expensive housing west of Interstate 5. It is primarily a resort/recreation community with a vast beach area, as well as a 12,000-foot pier for fishing. Looking south, just across from the international border, Tijuana’s famous “Bullring by the Sea,” the Plaza De Monumental can be seen. The city is served by two school districts—South Bay Union and Sweetwater Union.38F38F38F 39 La Mesa (Population: 61,121) La Mesa is centrally located 12 miles east of Downtown San Diego, and is a suburban residential community as well as a commercial and trade center. The area is characterized by rolling hills and has many hilltop home sites that take advantage of the beautiful views. La Mesa offers affordable housing within a wide range of prices, as well as high-end luxury homes atop Mount Helix. La Mesa has an abundance of mixed-use condominiums for those who prefer a downtown village atmosphere. There is balance between single-family housing and multi-family housing within La Mesa’s city limits. One of the region’s major retail facilities, Grossmont Center, is in the heart of the city and adjacent to another major activity center— Grossmont Hospital. The La Mesa-Spring Valley Elementary School District provides elementary and junior high schools. There are two high schools in the area and Grossmont College, a two-year community college, is also located in La Mesa.39F39F39F 40 36 https://artcenter.org/about/history/ 37 https://escondido.org/employment-in-escondido 38 https://escondido.org/escondido-schools 39 https://www.imperialbeachca.gov/community 40 https://www.guhsd.net/ Page 203 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 13 Lemon Grove (Population: 27,627) Lemon Grove lies about nine miles east of Downtown San Diego and has the charm of small- town living with the conveniences of big city proximity. Initially the site of expansive lemon orchards, the city remains a small town with a rural ambiance.40F40F40F 41 The Sheriff’s Department Lemon Grove Substation has provided contract law enforcement services to the City of Lemon Grove and unincorporated communities of Spring Valley, Rancho San Diego, Jamul, Mt. Helix, Casa De Oro, La Mesa, and El Cajon since 1977.41F41F41F 42 The city is also served by two school districts—Lemon Grove School and Grossmont Union High School Districts, which include six elementary schools, one middle school, and three high schools.42F42F42F 43 National City (Population: 56,173) Incorporated in 1887, National City is one of the county’s oldest incorporated areas. Just five miles south of the City of San Diego, National City is the South Bay’s center of industrial activity and has a rich history. The city embodies a proud tradition of commerce, urban agriculture, production, and transportation.43F43F43F 44 There are a great number of historical sites in National City and homes in the area are usually 50 years or older. Stately Victorians reflect the early part of the century when shipping and import/export magnates lived there. Additionally, the San Diego Naval Station overlaps both Cities of San Diego and National City and is the largest naval facility in the country. Served by National Elementary and Sweetwater High School districts, National City also offers several private schools for all grade levels. National City is best known for its Mile of Cars; the title describing its abundant auto dealerships. Two large shopping malls, Plaza Bonita, and South Bay Plaza are also located in National City. Oceanside (Population: 174,068) Oceanside is centrally located between San Diego and Los Angeles. Located just 36 miles north of Downtown San Diego, Oceanside is bordered by Camp Pendleton to the north, Carlsbad to the south, Vista to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. The current population of makes Oceanside the largest coastal community. Industrial real estate rates tend to be lower than the county average, and housing tends to be more affordable than in other areas of Southern California coastal cities. With a near-perfect year-round climate and recognition as one of the most livable places in the nation, Oceanside offers both an incomparable lifestyle and abundant economic opportunity. Its extensive recreational facilities include 3.5 miles of sandy beaches, Oceanside Harbor, and Oceanside Lagoon. 44F44F44F 45 41 https://www.lemongrove.ca.gov/community 42 https://www.lemongrove.ca.gov/city-hall/law-enforcement 43 https://www.lemongrove.ca.gov/community/local-schools 44 https://www.nationalcityca.gov/government/city-manager/economic-development 45 https://visitoceanside.org/ Page 204 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 14 The city is served by the Oceanside Unified School District with 15 elementary, six middle, and three high school options.45F45F45F 46 Port of San Diego The Port was established in 1962 under the Port Act and is charged with implementing the Tidelands Trust Doctrine.46F46F46F 47 47F47F47F 48 The Port of San Diego manages San Diego Bay and 34 miles of its natural waterfront for the people of California. For over 50 years, the Port's five member cities (Chula Vista, Coronado, Imperial Beach, National City, and San Diego) have worked together to develop and promote commerce, navigation, recreation, and fisheries on and around San Diego Bay. Self-funded, The Port contributes billions annually to San Diego’s economy, benefiting the community, local businesses, and employees. Businesses at The Port provide thousands of well-paying jobs, supporting individuals and families throughout the region. The Port is governed by a seven-member Board of Port Commissioners representing five cities and provides leadership that transcends local boundaries. The Port’s daily operations are carried out by a workforce of over 550 dedicated employees.48F48F48F 49 The Port of San Diego is the fourth largest of the eleven ports in California, and it has invested hundreds of millions of dollars in public improvements within its five member cities. The Port oversees two maritime cargo terminals, two cruise ship terminals, 22 public parks, the Harbor Police Department, and the leases of hundreds of tenant and subtenant businesses around San Diego Bay. These include 17 hotels, 74 restaurants, three specialty retail centers and numerous other attractions including museums and bay tours. 49F49F49F 50 Each year, millions of people enjoy a remarkable way of life offered by San Diego Bay and its waterfront communities. 50F50F50F 51 Poway (Population: 48,841) Poway is located 23 miles northeast of the City of San Diego, within the well-populated I-15 corridor. Poway is distinct because it is set into the foothills. Poway’s main recreational facility is the 350-acre Lake Poway Park. This lake also serves as a reservoir for the water supplied to San Diego by the Colorado River Aqueduct. The area has many recreational facilities, providing complete park sites, trails, and fishing opportunities. Poway is also home to the Blue Sky Ecological Reserve—700 acres of natural habitat with hiking, horseback riding and interpretive trails. The Poway Center for the Performing Arts is an 809-seat professional theater that also provides local entertainment.51F51F51F 52 The Poway Unified School District (PUSD) is excellent and has consistently been rated as top tier. PUSD operates 25 elementary schools (K-5), one elementary & middle school combination (TK-8th), six middle schools (6-8), one continuation high school, five 46 https://www.oside.us/ 47 https://pantheonstorage.blob.core.windows.net/administration/San-Diego-Unified-Port-District-Act.pdf 48 https://pantheonstorage.blob.core.windows.net/administration/California-Public-Trust-Doctrine.pdf 49 https://www.portofsandiego.org/people 50 https://www.portofsandiego.org/about-port-san-diego/history 51 https://www.portofsandiego.org/about-port-san-diego 52 https://www.powaycenter.com/156/Technical-Information Page 205 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 15 comprehensive high schools (9-12), and one adult school. Twenty-six schools are in the City of San Diego and twelve schools are in Poway. The district serves over 36,000 students and is the third largest school district in the county.52F52F52F 53 San Diego (Population: 1,386,932) The City of San Diego is the largest city in San Diego County and is the second largest city in the state. San Diego is renowned for its idyllic climate, 70 miles of pristine beaches and a dazzling array of world-class family attractions. Popular attractions include the world-famous San Diego Zoo, San Diego Zoo Safari Park, SeaWorld San Diego, LEGOLAND California, Cabrillo National Monument, and Old Town State Historic Park. San Diego's arts and culture and culinary arts are also booming. New culinary arts talents prepare award-winning meals throughout the region's 6,400 eating establishments, and Balboa Park (the largest urban cultural park in the U.S.) is home to 15 museums, numerous art galleries, beautiful gardens, and the Tony Award-winning Old Globe Theatre.53F53F53F 54 54F54F54F 55 The city is served by the San Diego Unified School District for elementary, middle, and high school options.55F55F55F 56 San Marcos (Population: 94,833) San Marcos is located between Vista and Escondido, approximately 35 miles north of Downtown San Diego. San Marcos is known for its resort climate, rural setting, central location, and affordable housing prices. Although San Marcos has experienced rapid growth over the last decade, it continues to maintain the small-town atmosphere that initially attracted many new community members.56F56F56F 57 It is also home to two of the region’s major educational facilities, Palomar College and California State University, San Marcos.57F57F57F 58 The city is served by the San Marcos Unified School District, which is the seventh largest district in San Diego with 19 schools—10 elementary schools, two K-8 schools, three middles schools, three high schools, and one independent study school.58F58F58F 59 59F59F59F 60 Santee (Population: 60,037) “Sunny climate, good schools, small-town friendliness”—Santee prides itself on having a lean government that responds to its community’s concerns. Collectively, these are among the key attributes of the city. Santee is ideally located between the Pacific Ocean and the mountains of the Cleveland National Forest. While Santee is considered part of the East County Region, the city is only 18 freeway miles from San Diego’s premier beaches. Santee is connected to the coastline by State Route 52, a six-lane freeway that connects Interstate 5 in La Jolla to State Route 67. State Route 125 also intersects with State Route 52, forming a transportation hub in the heart of Santee. Since the expansion of the San Diego Trolley, Santee community 53 https://www.powayusd.com/en-US/District/About-Us 54 https://www.sandiego.org/articles/about-san-diego-ca.aspx 55 https://www.balboapark.org/performing-arts/the-old-globe 56 https://www.sandiegounified.org/schools/all_schools 57 https://www.san-marcos.net/live/about-us 58 https://www.san-marcos.net/live/about-us 59 https://www.smusd.org/about_us 60 https://drive.google.com/file/d/15YZn-2ZnVwoAxEy-UTf1ETQvK9oVy7m9/view Page 206 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 16 members can ride the Trolley to Mission Valley, Downtown San Diego and as far as the U.S./Mexico Border. Santee lies 18 miles northeast of Downtown San Diego and is bordered on the east and west by slopes and rugged mountains. The San Diego River runs through this community, which was once a dairy farming area. It is now a residential area that has experienced phenomenal growth since the 1970’s. Water services are provided by Padre Dam Municipal Water District. The Santee School District and Grossmont Union High School District oversee K-12 education. Elementary and middle school students attend one of the nine available schools, while high school students attend Santana or West Hills High School. Nearby higher education facilities include San Diego State University and Grossmont Community College. 60F60F60F 61 61F61F61F 62 Solana Beach (Population: 12,941) Solana Beach was incorporated in 1986 and is a four square-mile city regarded as one of the county’s most attractive coastal communities. Solana Beach is known for its small-town atmosphere and pristine beaches, and has one of the highest median income levels in the County—as well as an outstanding school system (recognized with state and national awards of excellence). The Pacific Ocean is to the west, the City of Encinitas to the north, and the City of Del Mar to the south. The unincorporated village of Rancho Santa Fe is located on the east side. Property values in this upscale community have appreciated significantly since incorporation. The business community has equally enjoyed the prosperity of a healthy economy, as Solana Beach is home for many artisans, high-tech businesses, and professionals. The elementary school district is composed of five elementary schools, two of which are within the city limits. The middle school is under the administration of the San Dieguito Union High School District. High school students in the area attend Torrey Pines High School located to the southeast of Solana Beach. Additionally, there are several private and parochial schools in Solana Beach.62F62F62F 63 Lomas Santa Fe, located east of the freeway, is a master planned community, which features shopping, homes, and condominiums, two golf courses and the family-oriented Lomas Santa Fe Country Club. Vista (Population: 98,381)63F63F63F 64 Vista is a thriving community that continues to grow and develop many new activities and attractions. The Moonlight Amphitheatre, AVO Playhouse, and the Wave Waterpark are just some of the many cultural activities the offered in Vista. Vista's Business Park is home to over 800 companies, with many global businesses relocating their headquarters, manufacturing, distribution, and marketing facilities to this business park. In addition, Vista 61 https://www.cityofsanteeca.gov/our-city/about-santee-new 62 https://www.santeesd.net/schools/district_school_sites 63 https://www.ci.solana-beach.ca.us/index.asp?SEC=6BACDB03-96AC-47CC-9F5C-57082740FDAF&Type=B_BASIC 64 https://datasurfer.sandag.org/dataoverview Page 207 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 17 Village has brought revitalization to the downtown area with dining, entertainment, shopping, and public amenities.64F64F64F 65 The City of Vista is approximately 19 square miles and contracts with Vista Irrigation District for its water services. The city operates its own fire department and contracts with the San Diego Sheriff’s Department for law enforcement services. 65F65F65F 66 There are 17 elementary and magnet schools, six middle schools, and seven high schools and magnet schools.66F66F66F 67 Tribal Communities Indigenous Americans have lived in the region for thousands of years. The four tribal groupings that make up the indigenous American Indians of San Diego County are the Kumeyaay (also referred to as Diegueño or Mission Indians), the Luiseño, the Cupeño, and the Cahuilla. San Diego County has the largest number (18) of Indian reservations of any county in the United States. The reservations include total land holdings of an estimated 193 square miles.67F67F67F 68 Tribes can develop a Tribal Mitigation Plan independently or participate in a Multi- Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan, either with other Tribes or with one or more local governments.68F68F68F 69 Special Districts A Special District is an independent unit of local government set up to perform a specific function or a restricted number of related functions, such as street lighting or waterworks. A special district might be composed of cities, townships, counties, or any part or combination. The 61 Special Districts in San Diego County are separate legal entities (governed by the Board of Supervisors) that provide for specialized public improvements and services deemed to benefit properties and community members, and financed by specific taxes and assessments. The Special Districts provide authorized services including sanitation, flood control, road, park, lighting maintenance, fire protection, or ambulance service to specific areas in the county.69F69F69F 70 Therefore, Special Districts have the option to either create their own Local Hazard Mitigation Plan or partner with a local government to create a plan annex.70F70F70F 71 65 https://www.moonlightstage.com/about-us/rentals/avo-playhouse 66 https://www.cityofvista.com/residents/about-vista 67 https://www.vistausd.org/our_schools 68 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/auditor/pdf/adoptedplan_21-23.pdf 69 https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/2020-06/fema-tribal-planning-handbook_05-2019.pdf 70 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/auditor/pdf/adoptedplan_21-23.pdf. 71 https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/2020-06/fema-local-mitigation-planning-handbook_03-2013.pdf Page 208 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 18 1.1.7. DEVELOPMENT OVER TIME The San Diego County General Plan (which informs and is informed by this plan) applies to the unincorporated area of the county and is the County’s long-term blueprint for the vision of the future. It reflects an environmentally sustainable approach to planning that balances the need for adequate infrastructure, housing, and economic vitality while maintaining and preserving existing communities, agricultural areas, and open spaces. San Diego County is approximately 2.9 million acres of which 2.3 million acres are unincorporated areas. Within the unincorporated area, the County’s land-use jurisdiction is limited by Tribal lands, and State and Federally owned lands, and military installations including Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton. As a result, the County has land use jurisdiction over 772,239 acres or 35 percent of the unincorporated area.71F71F71F 72 Wildfire and flooding are the chief vulnerabilities affecting development in San Diego County. When areas that were previously wildlands subject to periodic wildfires and flooding are developed, combustible structures and densified populations are necessarily introduced, and there may be changes to the threat potential for life and property. These vulnerabilities cannot be entirely eliminated but are significantly mitigated by development standards that require adherence to fire-resistant building codes; the creation and maintenance of defensible space; the avoidance of over-densification; the provision of safe and adequate population egress routes and the creation of buffer zones with low combustibility open spaces. County staff have updated long range planning documents including the General Plan Safety Element in 2022 to include new evacuation route data, analysis, and policies in response to state law. Additionally, a Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Report was added to the Safety Element, which identifies how climate change is forecast to impact the county's unincorporated areas and summarizes climate adaptation plans and programs already in place. This Vulnerability Assessment also evaluates anticipated climate change impacts to the people and physical assets in the county’s unincorporated areas and assesses the capacity to adapt to these impacts. When reviewing proposed land development projects, from discretionary reviews through building permit plan check, staff ensure all local and state requirements are applied to projects. Plan check of discretionary projects includes a General Plan conformance review to ensure compliance with documents such as the newly adopted Safety Element, as well as an environmental review, to examine potential project specific impacts and risks through the lens of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), working to lessen potential impacts such as wildfire and egress through analysis and mitigation efforts, to address potential vulnerability. This analysis includes close collaboration with local fire and emergency response entities to work towards projects that are designed and constructed safely. The County of San Diego has local building code requirements that go above and beyond the requirements of the California Building Code, to further provide homes and developments the opportunity to be built safely to protect communities and address vulnerability. The County of San Diego routinely enhances its approach to analyzing and planning for development that may be in hazard prone areas. This is done through regular updates to documents such as the County General Plan, County Building Code, Consolidated Fire 72 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/pds/generalplan.html Page 209 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 19 Code, and Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance, among other planning documents. These updates enhance the safety of future development by evaluating impacts and incorporating mitigation efforts prior to construction. Local changes that enhance mitigation measures include the County of San Diego review of development in fire severity zones. The County of San Diego applies the same building code requirements to areas in moderate fire severity zones as it does to development in high and very high fire severity zones. The result is enhanced design and construction for moderately zoned fire severity locations in new homes and structures built today. In 2020, the County of San Diego further expanded wildfire protections by requiring more restrictive attic ventilation requirements to reduce the risk of embers entering homes. Mitigation efforts to protect against flood include building code requiring all new construction in flood-prone areas must provide raised finish floor elevation 1’ above freeboard elevation. For the period between 2018-2022, single family residences made up approximately 43 percent of the development activity in the unincorporated areas, while mobile homes and tracts of land comprised an additional 56 percent of the development activity. Permits for commercial development constituted 1 percent of the development activity. For a more detail description of development trends, see the 2021 General Plan Annual Progress Report available here: https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/pds/advance/GeneralPlan/2021%20Gener al%20Plan%20Annual%20Progress%20Report.pdf The table below summarizes development trends in the unincorporated County in the period since the preparation of the previous (2018) Hazard Mitigation Plan update, as well as expected future development trends: Page 210 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 20 TABLE 1: RECENT AND EXPECTED FUTURE DEVELOPMENT TRENDS Criterion Response Has your jurisdiction annexed any land since the preparation of the previous hazard mitigation plan? • If yes, give the estimated area annexed and estimated number of parcels or structures. No Is your jurisdiction expected to annex any areas during the performance period of this plan? • If yes, describe land areas and dominant areas. • If yes, who currently has permitting authority over these areas? No How many permits for new construction were issued in your jurisdiction since the preparation of the previous hazard mitigation plan? 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 as of 10/31/22 2022 Annualized Single Family 531 528 446 631 598 652 Tract 581 509 462 626 505 551 Mobile Home 235 211 145 156 107 117 Multi-Family (Commercial) 3 7 17 17 45 49 Total 1,350 1,255 1,070 1,430 1,255 1,369 Page 211 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 21 Criterion Response Describe the level of buildout in the jurisdiction, based on your jurisdiction’s buildable lands inventory. If no such inventory exists, provide a qualitative description. Dwelling unit capacity is an estimate of how much new development could occur theoretically over an unlimited time period. It represents the difference between the amount of development on the land today and the likely amount that could be built under the current land use. The remaining dwelling unit capacity for the unincorporated area is 60,748 units. Construction of these units may or may not happen and depends on obtaining approvals from the County. Infrastructure such as roads, sewers, storm drains, and water connections may be needed. Also, site-specific conditions may limit the number of units constructed such as animal habitats, steep slopes, and flood areas; and demand for new homes. For a more detailed description of dwelling unit capacity in the County, see the 2020 Housing Production & Capacity Portal Summary Report available here: PortalSummaryReport.pdf (sandiegocounty.gov) While this development over time does not appear to be significant on it’s own, the County’s population growth associated with this development does appear significant. The County of San Diego grew from the third to the second most populous County in California since the last update of this plan with the addition of 100,000 population members. This increase is population was accounted for throughout the update of this plan to help ensure vulnerabilities to hazards did not increase as well. Therefore, development and growth over time were incorporated into the Local Planning Group’s (LPG’s) priorities as this plan’s Goals, Objectives, and Actions/Priority Actions were updated. Over the next five years and beyond, the County of San Diego Office of Emergency Services (County OES) will continue to collaborate with other County Department partners, such as the County Department of Planning & Development Services (the authors of the County’s General Plan and related Progress Reports) to remain briefed on development short-term and long-term trends and potential changes in hazard vulnerabilities, and collaborate on hazard mitigation solutions. These briefings will also help County OES and the Hazard Mitigation Planning Group (HMPG) determine if priorities within this plan and it’s projects need to be reevaluated and/or updated. Page 212 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 22 1.2. COMMUNITY RATING SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS Flooding is a hazard that affects San Diego County. Meeting National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) requirements is the most cost-effective way to reduce the flood risk to new buildings and infrastructure.72F72F72F 73 The County of San Diego currently participates in NFIP. The Community Rating System (CRS) is a FEMA program and rewards communities that go beyond the minimum standards for floodplain management under the NFIP. Communities can potentially improve their Community Rating System and lower NFIP premiums by developing a CRS Plan. For more information on the National Flood Insurance Program, see http://www.fema.gov/national-flood-insurance-program. The following table compares CRS and Hazard Mitigation Plan requirements/tasks: TABLE 2: FEMA LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING HANDBOOK WORKSHEET 1.1 DESCRIBES THE CRS REQUIREMENTS MET BY THE SAN DIEGO COUNTY MULTI- JURISDICTIONAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN. Community Rating System (CRS) Planning Steps Local Mitigation Planning Handbook Tasks (44 CFR Part 201) Step 1. Organize Task 1: Determine the Planning Area and Resources Task 2: Build the Planning Team 44 CFR 201.6(c)(1) Step 2. Involve the public Task 3: Create an Outreach Strategy 44 CFR 201.6(b)(1) Step 3. Coordinate Task 4: Review Community Capabilities 44 CFR 201.6(b)(2) & (3) Step 4. Assess the hazard Task 5: Conduct a Risk Assessment 44 CFR 201.6(c)(2)(i) 44 CFR 201.6(c)(2)(ii) & (iii) Step 5. Assess the problem Step 6. Set goals Task 6: Develop a Mitigation Strategy 44 CFR 201.6(c)(3)(i) 44 CFR 201.6(c)(3)(ii) 44 CFR 201.6(c)(3)(iii) Step 7. Review possible activities Step 8. Draft an action plan Step 9. Adopt the plan Task 8: Review and Adopt the Plan 44 CFR 201.6(c)(5) Step 10. Implement, evaluate, revise Task 7: Keep the Plan Current Task 9: Create a Safe and Resilient Community 44 CFR 201.6(c)(4) Two planning partners currently participate in the CRS program. The following table summarizes the CRS status of each. Many of the mitigation actions identified in this plan are creditable activities under the CRS program. Therefore, successful implementation of this plan offers the potential to enhance the CRS classification. 73 https://www.fema.gov/floodplain-management/manage-risk Page 213 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 23 TABLE 3: CRS STATUS OF PARTICIPATING JURISDICTIONS. Jurisdiction NFIP Community # CRS Entry Date Current CRS Classification Premium Discount SFHA Non-SFHA Oceanside 060294 10/1/1991 8 10 5 San Diego County 060284 10/1/1994 7 15 5 Any jurisdiction or special district may participate in the hazard mitigation planning process. However, to request FEMA approval, each of the local jurisdictions must meet all requirements of 44 CFR §201.6. In addition to the requirement for participation in the process, the federal regulation specifies the following requirements for multi-jurisdictional plans: • The risk assessment must assess each jurisdiction’s risk where they may vary from the risks facing the entire planning area. (44 CFR §201.6(c)(2)(iii)) • There must be identifiable action items specific to the jurisdiction requesting FEMA approval or credit of the plan. (44 CFR §201.6(c)(3)(iv)) • Each jurisdiction requesting approval of the plan must document that is has been formally adopted. (44 CFR §201.6(c)(5)) A hazard mitigation plan must clearly list the jurisdictions that participated in the plan and are seeking plan approval. The San Diego County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan meets all requirements, including CRS requirements. More information about this topic is discussed in Section 4 and 6 of this plan. 1.2.1. CATEGORIES OF FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES Floodplain management is a community-based effort to prevent or reduce the risk of flooding, resulting in a more resilient community. Multiple groups with a stake in protecting their communities from flooding conduct floodplain management functions like zoning, building codes, enforcement, education, and other tasks. While FEMA has minimum floodplain management standards for communities participating in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), adopting higher local standards will lead to safer, stronger, more resilient communities.73F73F73F 74 The different categories of floodplain management activities are detailed within this section. Related community capabilities and potential local projects (to be completed at future dates) are described respectively in Section 4 and Section 6 of this plan: 1. Preventive activities keep flood problems from getting worse. The use and development of flood-prone areas is limited through planning, land acquisition, or regulation. They are usually administered by building, zoning, planning, and/or code enforcement offices. • Floodplain mapping and data • Planning and zoning • Open space preservation 74 Floodplain Management | FEMA.gov • Stormwater management • Floodplain regulations • Drainage system maintenance Page 214 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 24 • Erosion setbacks • Building codes 2. Property protection activities are usually undertaken by property owners on a building-by- building or parcel basis. • Relocation • Retrofitting • Acquisition • Sewer backup protection • Building elevation • Insurance 3. Natural resource protection activities preserve or restore natural areas or the natural functions of floodplain and watershed areas. They are implemented by a variety of agencies, primarily parks, recreation, or conservation agencies or organizations. • Wetlands protection • Water quality improvement • Erosion and sediment control • Coastal barrier protection • Natural area preservation • Environmental corridors • Natural area restoration • Natural functions protection 4. Emergency services measures are taken during an emergency to minimize its impact. These measures are usually the responsibility of city or county emergency management staff and the owners or operators of major or critical facilities. • Hazard threat recognition • Critical facilities protection • Hazard warning • Health and safety maintenance • Hazard response operations • Post-disaster mitigation actions 5. Structural projects keep flood waters away from an area with a levee, reservoir, or other flood control measure. They are usually designed by engineers and managed or maintained by public works staff. • Reservoirs • Channel modifications • Levees/floodwalls • Storm drain improvements • Diversions 6. Public information activities advise property owners, potential property owners, and visitors about the hazards, ways to protect people and property from the hazards, and the natural and beneficial functions of local floodplains. They are usually implemented by a public information office. • Map information • Library • Outreach projects • Technical assistance • Real estate disclosure • Environmental education Page 215 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 25 SECTION TWO: Build the Planning Team San Diego County, California 2023 Decorative Image CAL FIRE San Diego Communications Bureau Page 216 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 26 2. SECTION TWO: BUILD THE PLANNING TEAM This San Diego County, California Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (The Plan) was prepared with input from: • County public • County of San Diego Groups, Agencies and Departments • Eighteen Incorporated Cities • The Port of San Diego • Water Districts • Fire Protection Districts • Air Pollution Control District • The National Weather Service/ National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration • Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego • California Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) • Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). County public participation will be discussed in Section 3 of this plan. Feedback and approval of this plan is provided by Cal OES and FEMA. County Board of Supervisors’ approval then follows. Page 217 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 27 2.1. PLANNING PARTICIPANTS Below is a detailed list of all other planning participant names, positions/titles, and agencies—All below listed jurisdictions sought local, state, and federal approval as Multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Annexes: TABLE 4: COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO GROUPS, AGENCIES AND DEPARTMENTS: Name Title Department Jeff Toney Director Office of Emergency Services Stephen Rea Assistant Director Office of Emergency Services Daniel Vasquez Group Program Manager Office of Emergency Services Dominique D. Fonseca Program Coordinator Office of Emergency Services Nick Zubel Senior Emergency Services Coordinator Office of Emergency Services Rob Andolina Emergency Services Coordinator Office of Emergency Services Shannon Nuzzo Emergency Services Coordinator Office of Emergency Services Michael Robles Senior Geographic Information Systems Analyst Office of Emergency Services Laura Caracciolo Emergency Services Coordinator Office of Emergency Services Cody Gallagher Emergency Services Coordinator Office of Emergency Services Tracy Dahlkamp Student Worker (Graduate/Tech) Office of Emergency Services Ryan DeHart Senior Emergency Services Coordinator Office of Emergency Services (Fmr.) Garrett Cooper Deputy Director Agriculture, Weights & Measures Jesus Amial Administrative Analyst Agriculture, Weights & Measures Austin Shepherd Deputy Commissioner/Sealer Agriculture, Weights & Measures Vince Acosta IT/GIS Coordinator Agriculture, Weights & Measures Brian Christison Emergency Medical Services Coordinator Emergency Medical Services Todd Burton Environmental Health Specialist III Environmental Health & Quality Page 218 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 28 Name Title Department Brad Long Supervising Environmental Health Specialist Environmental Health & Quality Amy Harbert Director Environmental Health & Quality Dave Nissen Deputy Chief Fire Ryan Silva Battalion Chief CAL FIRE/Fire Jessica A. Martinez Community Risk Reduction Program Coordinator Fire Ashley Risueno Administrative Analyst Fire (Fmr.) Jo Ann Julien Health Planning and Program Specialist Health & Human Service Agency Sandi Hazlewood Chief, Departmental Operations Parks & Recreation Judy Tjiong-Pietrezak Senior Park Project Manager Parks & Recreation Chelsea Jander Senior Park Project Manager Parks & Recreation Marco Mares Region Manager Parks & Recreation Jason Hemmens Deputy Director Parks & Recreation Tyler Farmer Group Program Manager Planning & Development Services Mike Madrid Land Use/Environmental Planner-Long Range Planning Planning & Development Services Robert Efird Program Manager-Long Range Planning Planning & Development Services (Fmr,) Vince Nicoletti Deputy Director Planning & Development Services Shannon Ackerman GIS Analyst-Quartic Solutions Planning & Development Services (GIS) Jason Batchelor GIS Coordinator Planning & Development Services (GIS) Ian Dawes Senior GIS Analyst Planning & Development Services (GIS) Donna Johnson Senior Emergency Services Coordinator Public Health Services / Emergency Medical Services (Fmr.) Derek Gade Assistant Director Public Works Page 219 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 29 Name Title Department Mehdi Khalili Civil Engineer Public Works (Flood Control) Matthew Schmid Senior Civil Engineer Public Works (Roads) Greg Carlton Senior Civil Engineer Public Works (Roads) Leann Carmichael Senior Hydrologist Public Works (Sustainability Planning Division) Rene Vidales Program Coordinator Public Works Richard Chin Project Manager Public Works (Roads) EIGHTEEN INCORPORATED CITIES: Name City Title Don Rawson Carlsbad Emergency Services Coordinator Kim Young Carlsbad Assistant Director of Emergency Services David Harrison Carlsbad Assistant Director of Emergency Services (Fmr.) Marie Jones-Kirk Carlsbad Program Manager Marlon King Chula Vista Program Manager Jayson Summers Coronado Division Chief Jeff Terwilliger Coronado Emergency Management Coordinator (Fmr.) Clem Brown Del Mar Environmental Sustainability & Special Projects Manager Corina Jimenez Encinitas Senior Management Analyst Lois Yum Encinitas Management Analyst Jeff Murdock Escondido Emergency Preparedness Manager Andy McKellar Heartland (El Cajon, La Mesa, Lemon Grove) Emergency Preparedness Coordinator John French Imperial Beach Fire Chief Walter Amedee National City Management Analyst III David Parsons Oceanside Division Chief Pete Lawrence Oceanside Division Chief Katelynn Rise Oceanside Emergency Services Assistant (Fmr.) Russ Cunningham Oceanside Principal Planner Brian Mitchell Poway Deputy Fire Chief Susy Turnbull Poway Disaster Preparedness Coordinator (Fmr.) James Holmes San Diego Program Coordinator Page 220 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 30 Name City Title Jennifer Dymicki San Diego Advanced Planning Eugene Ruzzini San Diego Provisional Program Manager Tiffany Allen San Diego Senior Homeland Security Coordinator (Fmr.) Hannah Chasteene San Diego Senior Homeland Security Coordinator Jamie Smith San Marcos Emergency Manager Dave Pender San Marcos Fire Battalion Chief Justin Matsushita Santee Deputy Fire Chief Dustyn Garhartt Santee Fire Captain DeVerna Rogers Santee Recreation Supervisor Patricia Letts Solana Beach Administrative Assistant III Rigma Viskanta Solana Beach Senior Management Analyst Ned Vanderpol Vista Fire Chief Edward Kramer Vista Emergency Manager Jamie Smith Vista Emergency Management Coordinator (Fmr.) PORT OF SAN DIEGO Name Jurisdiction Title Dave Foster Port of San Diego Homeland Security Program Manager Cid Tesoro Port of San Diego Vice President, Facilities & Engineering WATER AND IRRIGATION DISTRICTS: Name District Title Lisa Coburn-Boyd Otay Water District Environmental Compliance Specialist Emilyn Zuniga Otay Water District Safety and Security Specialist Larry Costello Padre Dam Municipal Water District Safety and Risk Manager Charmaine Esnard Rainbow Municipal Water District Risk Management Officer Lisa Prus San Diego County Water Authority Supervising Management Analyst Eric Rubalcava San Diego County Water Authority Principal Asset Management Specialist Anjuli Corcovelos San Diego County Water Authority Senior Water Resources Specialist Clay Clifton Sweetwater Authority Program Specialist Page 221 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 31 Name District Title Frank Wolinski Vista Irrigation District Director of Operations & Field Services Alisa Nichols Vista Irrigation District Management Analyst (Fmr.) FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICTS: Name District Title Jason McBroom Alpine Fire Protection District Fire Marshal Dave McQuead Rancho Santa Fe Fire Protection District Fire Chief Gehrig Browning San Miguel Fire Protection District Division Chief Andrew Lawler San Miguel Fire Protection District Division Chief W. Brent Napier San Miguel Fire Protection District Deputy Fire Marshal Colton Israels San Miguel Fire Protection District Fire Inspector *AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT: Name District Title David Sodeman Air Pollution Control District Chief, Department Operations Domingo Vigil Air Pollution Control District Deputy Director *THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE (NWS)/ NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION (NOAA): Name Organization Title Alex Tardy NWS/NOAA Warning Coordination Meteorologist, Manager *SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO: Name Institute Association (Titles N/A) Dan Cayan Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego California Nevada Applications Program Alexander Gershunov Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego California Nevada Applications Program Laura Engeman Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Center for Climate Change Impacts and Adaptations Page 222 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 32 Name Institute Association (Titles N/A) Diego Julie Kalansky Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego California Nevada Applications Program *These three organizations are not seeking Annex approval. Page 223 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 33 2.2. PLANNING PROCESS The overall planning process for The Plan was led by the County of San Diego Office of Emergency Services (County OES), who established a Hazard Mitigation Planning Group (HMPG) to coordinate development of the Plan. Representatives from each listed incorporated city, special district and the unincorporated county were designated by their jurisdiction as the HMPG member. Each HMPG member identified a Local (internal) Mitigation Planning Team for their department, jurisdiction, special district, and other organizations that included decision- makers from police, fire, emergency services, community development/planning, transportation, economic development, public works, and emergency response/services personnel, as appropriate. The Local Mitigation Planning Team assisted in identifying the specific hazards/risks that are of concern to each jurisdiction and to prioritize hazard mitigation measures. The HMPG members brought this information to HMPG meetings— held regularly to provide jurisdiction- specific input to the multi-jurisdictional planning effort and to assure that all aspects of each jurisdiction’s concerns were addressed. A list of the lead contacts for each participating jurisdiction is included above, in Section 2. All HMPG members were provided an overview and training of hazard mitigation planning elements at the HMPG meetings. The HMPG training was designed after FEMA's "Local Mitigation Planning Handbook" worksheets, which led the HMPG members through the process of defining the jurisdiction’s assets, vulnerabilities, capabilities, goals, objectives, and actions. The HMPG members were also given additional action items at each meeting to be completed by their Local Mitigation Planning Team. HMPG members also participated in workshops to present the risk assessment, preliminary goals, objectives, and actions. In addition, several HMPG members met with OES staff specifically to discuss hazard-related goals, objectives, and actions. Preliminary goals, objectives and actions developed by jurisdiction staff were then reviewed with necessary partners for approval. Throughout the planning process, the HMPG members were given maps of the profiled hazards as well as detailed jurisdiction-level maps that illustrated the profiled hazards and critical infrastructure. These maps were created using data sources listed in references. These data sources contain the most recent data available for the San Diego region. A large portion of this data was supplied by the regional GIS agency, SanGIS. The SanGIS data is updated periodically with the new data being provided by the local agencies and jurisdictions. This ensured the data used was the most recent available for each participating jurisdiction. The HMPG members reviewed these maps and were provided the opportunity to communicate updates or changes to the critical facilities/assets or hazard layers to County OES in November 2021. Data received from HMPG members were added to the hazard database and used in the modeling process described in the Risk Assessment portion of the Plan (Section 5). The data used in this plan revision is considered more accurate than the original plan. Page 224 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 34 2.2.1. EXISTING POLICIES, PLANS, PROGRAMS, & RESOURCES Hazard Mitigation Planning Group (HMPG) members and their corresponding Local Mitigation Planning Teams prior to and during the planning process reviewed and incorporated several existing policies, plans, studies, guides, programs, and other resources to inform the Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (MJHMP) and its processes. These items included FEMA documents, emergency services documents as well as county and local general plans, community plans, local codes and ordinances, and other similar documents. The documents included, but were not limited to: • San Diego County’s/Cities’ General Plans & Safety Element o In 2021, the Board of Supervisors adopted the update to the San Diego County General Plan's Safety Element. The County proactively addresses hazards through the General Plan Safety Element and has many references to the MJHMP. Representatives from the General Plan’s planning group are also members of the HMPG—ensuring that both plans are integrated and contain mutually-reinforcing policies. The General Plan and the 2023 MJHMP Update work together to achieve the goal of hazard risk reduction. Future updates of the General Plan, including incorporation by reference of the 2023 MJHMP into the Safety Element will continue to ensure consistency between both plans. o This specific update of The Plan required incorporation of updates into the County’s Safety Element (lead by Planning & Development Services) to demonstrate progress of local hazard mitigation efforts. Plan leads (listed in Section 2 of this plan) met as needed to collaborate on cohesive updates, then discuss how and where to include the update within their respective plans. • San Diego County Strategic Plan/Initiatives o Informs all existing/new County Plans and priorities, such as new/updated programs and projects, including this plan. o The County’s Strategic Initiatives (Sustainability, Equity, Empower, Community, and Justice) were all incorporated into this plan’s updated Goals, Objectives, and Actions.74F74F74F 75 • County of San Diego Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan 2022 o Annexes inform this plan/delegation of responsibilities, and this plan also informs the County of San Diego Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan 2022. o A key element of the update process for the MJHMP was the review of the County of San Diego Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan (OA EOP). The HMPG stayed informed of major review findings of the OA EOP with the intent to integrate with key components of the MJHMP. Future updates to the OA EOP will coincide with the future updates of the MJHMP. • Geographic Information System (GIS) Data & Maps o Base map shape files used for items such as city jurisdictions, county jurisdictions, parcels, rivers, and roads to establish critical facilities and a GIS map for this plan. • FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map o 100- and 500-year floodplain data was acquired to profile flood hazard and carry out the related vulnerability assessment. 75 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/cao/docs/stratplan.pdf Page 225 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 35 • Legislation o Newly passed legislation is often required to be included in County plans, including this plan, which is completed by the Planning Group every December. o Various legislation/statutes added requirements and guidance for inclusion into the Hazard Mitigation Plan. For example, Assembly Bill No. 1409 (Planning and Zoning: General Plan: Safety Element) describes the need to integrate evacuation routes and locations used for shelters (e.g. Temporary Evacuation Points (TEPs) and more). • Various Local Codes and Ordinances o Local Emergency Managers, including members of the Planning Group, meet bi- monthly to discuss plan and procedure updates (including new/updated local codes and ordinances) that may affect the planning area and require incorporation into plans. Examples of these local codes and ordinances include building codes and fire codes, which help the HMPG inform this plan’s Goals, Objectives, and Actions. • FEMA Local Mitigation Handbook March 2013 o The Planning Group researched, trained on, and referenced this item on a weekly basis to inform this plan and all related procedures. • FEMA Mitigation Ideas January 25, 2013 o The Planning Group researched, trained on, and referenced this item while completing Sections 4-6 of this plan, which also informed all related procedures. • Integrating Hazard Mitigation and Climate Adaptation Planning – ICLEI o The Planning Group researched, trained on, and referenced this item while completing Section 4-6 of this plan, which also informed all related procedures. o The Planning Group partnered with scientists and researchers at UCSD Scripps Institution of Oceanography, who study and contribute work related to Climate Change impacts and adaptation. The Planning Group provided the Scripps team with a list of all hazards included in this plan and asked them to provide descriptions of climate change impacts, and mitigation recommendations. UCSD Scripps Institution of Oceanography’s work and responses are incorporated throughout this plan and are included in this plan’s sources and footnotes. • Climate Change Impacts in the United States – U.S. Government Printing Office o The Planning Group researched, trained on, and referenced this item while completing Section 4-6 of this plan, which also informed all related procedures. o The Planning Group partnered with scientists and researchers at UCSD Scripps Institution of Oceanography, who study and contribute work related to Climate Change impacts and adaptation. The Planning Group provided the Scripps team with a list of all hazards included in this plan and asked them to provide descriptions of climate change impacts, and mitigation recommendations. UCSD Scripps Institution of Oceanography’s work and responses are incorporated throughout this plan and are included in this plan’s sources and footnotes. Page 226 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 36 • Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool 2019 o The Planning Group researched, trained on, and referenced this item on a weekly basis to inform this plan and all related procedures. • California State Hazard Mitigation Plan 2018 o The Planning Group researched and referenced this item on a monthly basis to inform this plan and all related procedures. The HMPG reviewed hazard profiles, hazard assessment data to ensure consistency with the information contained within this plan. o The California State Hazard Mitigation Plan 2018 was also used to inform this plan’s layout, hazard inclusion/omission rationale, and the risk assessment/consequence analysis, which is included within Section 5 of this plan. Task Four of the FEMA Local Mitigation Handbook, Sections 1, 4, and 7 of this plan, and jurisdiction-specific annexes describe the process by which local governments will integrate the requirements of the mitigation plan into other planning mechanisms, such as comprehensive or capital improvement plans. The County of San Diego specifically meets with all necessary partners to collaborate on planning mechanisms/updates, conducts an approval process through the public, department leadership, Unified Disaster Council (UDC) voting/approval, then Board of Supervisor and other elected official approval. All listed steps were conducted on necessary and required bases. This specific update of The Plan required incorporation of updates into the County’s Safety Element (lead by Planning & Development Services) and Emergency Operations Plan (lead by County OES) to demonstrate progress of local hazard mitigation efforts. Plan leads (listed in Section 2 of this plan) met as needed to collaborate on cohesive updates, then discuss how and where to include the update within their respective plans. Additionally, listed below is a summary of existing departments in the County and their responsibilities related to hazard mitigation planning and implementation, as well as existing planning documents and policies/regulations related to mitigation efforts within the community. The administrative and technical capabilities of the County, as discussed below, and in Section 4 of this plan, provide an identification of the staff, personnel, and department resources available to implement the actions identified in Section 6 of this plan. Specific resources reviewed include those involving technical personnel such as planners/engineers with knowledge of land development and land management practices, engineers trained in construction practices related to building and infrastructure, planners, and engineers with an understanding of natural or human-caused hazards, floodplain managers, surveyors, personnel with GIS skills and scientists familiar with hazards in the community: • San Diego County Planning Development Services The goals of these departments are to maintain and protect public health, safety, and well-being, and preserve and enhance the quality of life for County community members by maintaining a comprehensive general plan and zoning ordinance, implementing habitat conservation programs, ensuring regulatory conformance, and performing comprehensive community outreach. This Department is comprised of the following six divisions: Page 227 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 37 o Long Range Planning Division: Implements the long-range vision planning for the unincorporated portion of San Diego County. This division is responsible for maintaining the zoning ordinance and County's General Plan, a document that provides the framework for future growth and development in the County. Long Range Planning processes regular updates to other land development policies and ordinances and manages a variety of ongoing activities that derive from federal, state, and local mandates o Sustainability Planning Division: Composed of the Sustainability Team, the Conservation Team, and the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) Team. The Sustainability Team manages implementation of the County’s 2018 Climate Action Plan (CAP), which contains a series of measures to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions over the next 30 years; along with the CAP Update, which will culminate in the adoption of a plan that will exceed State GHG emissions reductions of 40% below the 1990 level by 2030 and meet a goal of reducing emissions to net zero between 2035-2045. The Conservation Team develops and implements programs that contribute to the conservation of biological, environmental, and agricultural resources in the unincorporated area. The SGMA Team oversees County implementation of SGMA, which provides a framework to regulate groundwater in certain basins in California. o Building Division: Reviews site and building plans for compliance with all applicable codes, issues land use and building permits, and enforces building and zoning regulations. o Code Compliance Division: Enforces building, grading, zoning, brushing and clearing, junk, graffiti, signs, abandoned vehicle complaints and noise control. o Land Development Division: Provides engineering and review services for construction and development projects throughout the unincorporated areas of San Diego County. o Project Planning Division: reviews “discretionary” projects—projects that builders and homeowners cannot do “by right,” but which may be approved by PDS’s director, the Zoning Administrator, the Planning Commission, or the Board of Supervisors if the projects meet certain conditions. Discretionary projects include lot splits, major subdivisions and conditionally permitted uses. They also process applicants' requests for General Plan Amendments and Zoning changes. • San Diego County Department of Public Works Preserve, enhance, and promote quality of life and public safety through the responsible development of reliable and sustainable infrastructure and services. o Land Development Division: Provides engineering and review services for construction and development projects throughout the unincorporated areas of San Diego County. Services such as Stormwater, Flood Control, Map Processing, Cartography, Surveys, the Geographic and Land Information Systems and dealing with land development issues are the daily job of this division. The division processes more than 5,000 permits each year. o Transportation Division: Roads Section is the most visible part of DPW, responding to requests for services ranging from pothole repair to tree trimming. Traffic Engineering provides traffic management and determines the need for stop signs and traffic lights. Route Locations updates the County’s General Plan Circulation Element, provides transportation planning support and more. County Page 228 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 38 Airports include eight unique facilities scattered throughout the area. McClellan- Palomar Airport provides commercial service to Los Angeles and Phoenix; Ramona Airport is home to the busiest aerial firefighting base in the USA; and, the County Sheriff's aerial support unit, ASTREA, is based at Gillespie Field. o Engineering Services Division: The division includes Wastewater, Flood Control, Design Engineering, Environmental Services, Construction Engineering, Materials Lab, Project Management and Flood Control Engineering and Hydrology. The Director of Public Works has assigned the Deputy Director of Engineering Services as the County Engineer and Flood Control Commissioner. o Management Services Division: This division provides a variety of services to department employees and the public. It includes Personnel, Financial Services, Communications, Recycling, Inactive Landfills and Management Support. Special Districts serve small areas in unincorporated areas providing a variety of services to community members in rural areas. • San Diego County Housing & Community Development Improve the quality of life in our communities—helping families find safe and affordable housing, and partnering with property owners to increase the supply and availability of affordable housing. This department provides many valuable services to both property owners and tenants, and strives to create more livable neighborhoods that community members are proud to call home. Key service programs include improving neighborhoods by assisting community members who have low incomes, increasing the supply of affordable, safe housing, and rehabilitating both business and residential properties in San Diego County. They serve the communities of: Chula Vista, Coronado, Del Mar, El Cajon, Escondido, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, Solana Beach, Vista, and the unincorporated areas of San Diego County. The Community Development Block Grant Program (CDBG) provides funding to agencies or businesses that provide a benefit to persons with low- and moderate- income, prevent or eliminate slums and blight, or meet needs having a particular urgency. In addition to funding housing and shelter programs, the County also allocates grant funds toward various community improvements in the Urban County area. These include Developer Incentive programs, Housing Opportunity for Persons with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), and the Emergency Solutions Grant Program. Participating cities, community members, nonprofit organizations and other county departments may submit grant proposals. • County of San Diego Emergency Medical Services (EMS) The mission of this department is to ensure all community members and visitors to San Diego County receive timely and high-quality emergency medical services, specialty care, prevention services, disaster preparedness and response. Emergency Medical Services (EMS) is a department within the Public Safety Group. • County of San Diego Office of Emergency Services The Office of Emergency Services (OES) coordinates the overall county response to disasters. OES is responsible for alerting and notifying appropriate agencies when disaster strikes, coordinating all agencies that respond, ensuring resources are Page 229 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 39 available and mobilized in times of disaster, developing plans and procedures for response to and recovery from disasters, and developing and providing preparedness materials for the public. This department’s function is to protect life and property within the San Diego County Operational Area in the event of a major emergency or disaster by: 1. Alerting and notifying appropriate agencies when disaster strikes 2. Coordinating all Agencies that respond 3. Ensuring resources are available and mobilized in times of disaster 4. Developing plans and procedures for response to and recovery from disasters 5. Developing and providing preparedness materials for the public. • County of San Diego Sheriff’s Department The San Diego County Sheriff's Department is the chief law enforcement agency in San Diego County. The department is comprised of approximately 4,000 employees, both sworn officers and professional support staff. The department provides general law enforcement, detention, and court services for the people of San Diego County in a service area of approximately 4,200 square miles. In addition, the department provides specialized regional services to the entire county, including the incorporated cities and the unincorporated areas of the county. The San Diego County Sheriff's Department provides contract law enforcement services for the cities of Del Mar, Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, Solana Beach, and Vista. In these cities the Sheriff's Department serves as their police department, providing a full range of law enforcement services including patrol, traffic, and investigative services. In the unincorporated (non-city) areas, the Sheriff's Department provides generalized patrol and investigative services. The California Highway Patrol has the primary jurisdiction for traffic services in unincorporated areas. The San Diego County Sheriff's Department operates seven detention facilities. Male arrestees are booked at the San Diego Central Jail and Vista Detention Facility, while female arrestees are booked at the Las Colinas and Vista Detention Facilities. The remaining jails house inmates in the care of the Sheriff. • County Public Health Preparedness and Response Public Health Preparedness and Response coordinates with Emergency Medical Services, Office of Emergency Services, community organizations, medical providers, prehospital provider agencies (Fire/EMS), hospitals, clinics, skilled nursing facilities, businesses, and other partners in developing public health and disaster preparedness by dissemination of risk assessments, trainings, and public health guidance. • County Department of Environmental Health and Quality's (DEHQ) This department’s mission is to protect the environment and public health. It accomplishes this through the work of its four divisions: o Food and Housing (FHD) Division: Conducts retail food facility inspections and issues the appropriate A-B-C grade card. The division is also responsible for inspecting swimming pools, body art facilities, apartments, hotels and motels in contracted cities and the unincorporated area, organized camps and detention facilities. FHD responds to public health threats and environmental hazards Page 230 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 40 associated with these regulated facilities, including illness investigations, fires, food recalls and boil water orders, all in the interest of promoting safe communities. o Land and Water Quality Division: Conducts water quality testing of beaches and bays and posts the results for residents and visitors; reviews plans for and inspects onsite wastewater treatment systems, recycled water systems, water wells, monitoring wells, and mobile home parks in the unincorporated county; is the Local Enforcement Agency for solid waste facilities; and conducts collection of household hazardous materials in the unincorporated county. In addition, this division oversees cleanup of contaminated property, including from clandestine drug laboratories, and enforces state solid waste laws and regulations at landfills and composting facilities throughout the county, with the exception of the City of San Diego. o Community Health Division: Coordinates the county's asbestos and lead programs, operates the radiological health program, and runs the vector control program to keep the region safe from diseases such as West Nile virus, hantavirus, Lyme disease, and others. It was also instrumental in the new countywide program to control eye gnats. o Hazardous Materials Division: Regulates more than 13,000 businesses to ensure that hazardous materials, and hazardous and medical wastes are properly catalogued, stored, and managed. The Hazardous Incident Response Team (HIRT) responds to spills and works with various other agencies in cleanup operations. Public outreach and educational programs range from schools to newsletters and web sites. • California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection CAL FIRE is an emergency response and resource protection department that responds to wildland fires that burn across the state. In addition, department personnel respond to other emergency calls, including structure fires, automobile accidents, medical aid, swift water rescues, civil disturbance, search and rescue, floods, and earthquakes. CAL FIRE is the State’s largest fire protection organization, whose fire protection team includes extensive ground forces, supported by a variety of fire-fighting equipment. CAL FIRE has joined with Federal and local agencies to form a statewide mutual aid system. This system ensures a rapid response of emergency equipment by being able to draw on all available resources regardless of jurisdiction. CAL FIRE is responsible for wildland fire protection within the District’s State Responsibility Areas, even though the Fire District is the first responder to an incident. 2.2.2. INVITATION TO PARTICIPATE The San Diego County Operational Area consists of the County of San Diego and the eighteen incorporated cities located within the county’s borders. Planning for emergencies, training and exercises are all conducted on a regional basis. In 1961 the County and the cities formed a Joint Powers Agency (JPA) to facilitate regional planning, training, exercises, and responses. This JPA is known as the Unified San Diego County Emergency Services Organization (USDCESO). Its governing body is the Unified Disaster Council (UDC) (as described in Section 1 of this plan). Page 231 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 41 The membership of the UDC is defined in the JPA. Each city and the County have one representative. Representatives from the cities can be an elected official, the City Manager or from the municipal law enforcement or fire agency. The County is represented by the Chairperson of the County Board of Supervisors, who also serves as Chair of the UDC. In addition, there are 26 fire protection districts and 17 water districts within the San Diego Region. Each were offered the opportunity to participate in the development of this plan. The original development of the Hazard Mitigation Plan, as well as this current revision, were conducted under the auspices of the UDC. At the direction of the UDC, the San Diego County Office of Emergency Services (County OES) acted as the lead agency in the revision of this plan. San Diego County OES requested input from each jurisdiction in the county. Each municipality, special district, and neighboring jurisdictions were formally invited to attend a meeting to develop an approach to the planning process and to form the Hazard Mitigation Planning Group (HMPG). These invitations were in the form of an email to each jurisdiction. At the August 29, 2019 UDC meeting, it was announced that the plan was reaching the five-year mark and required updating.75F75F75F 76 Each jurisdiction/participating party (documented within Section 2 of this plan) later confirmed their participation in the HMPG. In addition to the eighteen incorporated cities, County OES provided an opportunity for neighboring communities, local and regional agencies involved in hazard mitigation activities, agencies that have the authority to regulate development, as well as business, academia and other private or non-profit organizations interested in the involvement of the planning process. The HMPG formed to undertake the planning process and meeting dates were set for all members to attend. Each participating jurisdiction then formed their own Local Hazard Mitigation Planning Team. Details on the membership of those teams can be found in each jurisdiction’s annex. Local Hazard Mitigation Planning Teams met either before or after the overall HMPG met to discuss regional meeting topics and assignments. The UDC received briefings regularly on the progress of the planning process. UDC meetings are open to the public, with agendas and notices posted according to California’s Brown Act, with emailed invitations and reminders sent out one to two weeks prior to the meetings. Included on that email list are representatives from the following agencies: • American Red Cross • Chamber of Commerce • Federal Agencies (USN, USMC, USCG, DHS) • Hospitals • Port of San Diego • State Agencies (Cal OES, DMV, Caltrans) • School Districts • Universities and colleges 76 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/oes/docs/UDC_Documents/2019/October/04.%20August%20UDC%20Minutes_ 2019.pdf. Page 232 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 42 • Utilities (Power- SDG&E, Water – San Diego County Water Authority and Water Districts, Cable, telephone, and internet – Cox Communications) Tribal Communities were also invited to participate in this plan update and/or discuss Tribal Hazard Mitigation Plans on April 26, 2022. 2.2.3. HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING GROUP MEETINGS The Hazard Mitigation Planning Group (HMPG) met regularly, as did the County of San Diego Local (County-specific) Hazard Mitigation Planning Group. The following is a list of meeting dates and objectives: 1. Initial HMPG and County Planning Meetings: September 2019—Kickoff meetings and Formation of HMPG 2. HMPG Meeting 1: October 8, 2019—Overview of Planning Process/Assessing Risks, Identify Partners, and Review Due Dates 3. County Local Planning Meeting 1: November 1, 2019—2018 Plan Version Capabilities Review, Assignment of Review, Review Objectives and Due Dates 4. HMPG Meeting 2: December 3, 2019—Review Schedule and Process, Review/Complete FEMA Task 4 (Review Community Capabilities) 5. County Local Planning Meeting 2: January 21, 2020—Review Objectives/Due Dates and Discuss Subject Matter Experts for each project, Assignment of County Departments for FEMA worksheet Tasks, Discuss Community Assets 6. FEMA Meeting: November 13, 2020—Meeting with federal and state partners to review the current plan update process 7. HMPG Refresher Meeting: January 11, 2021—Review updated planning calendar/schedule and allowed time for questions-and-answer session with state and federal partners 8. Refresher County Planning Meeting: January 18, 2021—Review updated planning calendar/schedule and allowed time for questions-and-answer session with state and federal partners 9. County Local Planning Meeting 3: March 1, 2021—Discussion from Subject Matter Experts about assignments/projects and update on progress/completion of FEMA Tasks 1-4 Page 233 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 43 10. County Local Planning Meeting 4: March 15, 2021—Discussion from Subject Matter Experts about assignments/projects and update on progress/completion of FEMA Tasks 1-4 11. County Local Planning Meeting 5: April 12, 2021—Discussion from Subject Matter Experts about assignments/projects and update on progress/completion of FEMA Tasks 1-4 12. HMPG Meeting 3: April 26, 2021—Review Risk Assessment/Development of Mitigation Plan, GIS roles, Hazard Identification/Risk Assessment Processes, due dates, and Review/Complete FEMA Tasks 1-4 13. Hazards Workshops/Seminars: May-July 2021 (Tuesdays and Thursdays) —Subject Matter Experts present about different operational area hazards and suggest mitigation actions. Panel discussions and opportunity for planning group questions 14. County Local Planning Meeting 6: July 22, 2021—Review supplemental data associated with the risks, Discuss Risk Assessment Process and county mitigation strategies with Subject Matter Expert guidance 15. County Local Planning Meeting 7: October 20, 2021—Discuss assignment turnover to new project manager, Review/Complete FEMA Task 5 (Conduct a Risk Assessment) 16. HMPG Meeting 4: October 26, 2021—Review updated schedule/due dates, Hazard Identification Process, Risk Assessment Process, Hazard Profiling and Loss Estimation, Review/Complete FEMA Task 5 (Conduct a Risk Assessment) 17. Cal OES 2021 HMGP Webinar November 18, 2021—Discussion of HMGP sub-application instructions and requirements 18. Cal OES Grant Program Notice of Interest (NOI) Webinar: December 14, 2021 19. County Local Planning Meeting 8: January 19, 2022—Review/Complete FEMA Task 6 (Develop a Mitigation Strategy) 20. HMPG Meeting 5: February 1, 2022—Finalize FEMA Planning Worksheets for Task 6, Discuss Public Survey and Forum, Start FEMA Worksheets for Task 7, Discuss deadlines 21. County Local Planning Meeting 9: February 11, 2022—Review/Complete FEMA Task 7 (Keep the Plan Current) Page 234 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 44 22. Cal OES Sub-Application Development Series: February 2022—Discussion of HMGP sub-application instructions and requirements for various hazards 23. HMPG Meeting 6: March 7, 2022—Finalize FEMA Task 7 Worksheets, Discuss Cal OES/FEMA Funding and Training Opportunities, Discuss action items and deadlines 24. Whole Community Outreach Survey: April 1, 2022—Release was communicated with and shared by planning partners 25. HMPG Individual Meeting Series: March-April 2022—Check in meetings with all planning participants to ensure deadlines are met and final question were answered 26. Plan Peer Review: April 28-29, 2022—County Office of Emergency Services peers compared existing plan draft to FEMA grading requirements (2019 Local Plan Review Tool) and provided feedback 27. Public Forum: May 28, 2022—All planning participants and the public were invited to review key survey results and provided resources for further input Work drafts, products, and the final plan were shared electronically. Additional meetings not included on the above list were impromptu requests for one-on-one guidance and virtual/in- person meetings with planning partners. Not all partners were able to attend all meetings. Follow-up phone calls, question-and- answer sessions, and in-person meetings were conducted with those not able to attend to ensure they were kept current on the process, assignments, and deadlines. Follow-up meetings with planning partners continued until final draft submission to Cal OES and FEMA (June 2022). 2.2.4. HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING GROUP MILESTONES The approach taken by the Hazard Mitigation Planning Group (HMPG) relied on sound planning concepts and a methodical process to identify County vulnerabilities and to propose the mitigation actions necessary to avoid or reduce those vulnerabilities. Each step in the planning process was built upon the previous—providing a high level of assurance that the mitigation actions proposed by the participants and the priorities of implementation are valid. Specific milestones in the process included: Planning Group Meetings (September 2019 – June 2022): As listed in the previous section, a series of HMPG meetings were held in which the HMPG considered the probability of a hazard occurring in an area and its impact on public health and safety, property, the economy, and the environment, and the mitigation actions that would be necessary to minimize impacts from the identified hazards. These meetings were held every month or two (depending on the progress made), September 2019 through June 2022. The meetings evolved as the planning process progressed and were designed to aid Page 235 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 45 the jurisdictions in completing FEMA worksheets that helped define hazards within their jurisdictions, their existing capabilities and mitigation goals and action items for the Hazard Mitigation Plan. Hazards Workshops/Seminars (June 2021-July 2021): A series of workshops discussed the impact of all hazards impacting the operational area to educate local planners and community members. Topics discussed included, but were not limited to, climate change, sea level rise, drought, changes to precipitation patterns and extreme weather, wildfire, terrorism, and potential future impacts. The information presented in these workshops were incorporated into the risk assessment process as well in the development of mitigation goals, objectives, and actions. Risk Assessment (June 2021 – January 2022): The HMPG used the list of hazards from the 2018 Multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan to determine if they were still applicable to the region and if there were any new threats identified that should be added to the plan. Specific geographic areas subject to the impacts of the identified hazards were mapped using a Geographic Information System (GIS). The HMPG had access to updated information and resources regarding hazard identification and risk estimation. This included hazard specific maps, such as floodplain delineation maps, earthquake shake potential maps, and wildfire threat maps; GIS-based analyses of hazard areas; the locations of infrastructure, critical facilities, and other properties located within each jurisdiction and participating special district; and an estimate of potential losses or exposure to losses from each hazard. The HMPG also conducted a methodical, qualitative examination of the vulnerability of important facilities, systems, and neighborhoods to the impacts of future disasters. GIS data and modeling results were used to identify specific vulnerabilities that could be addressed by specific mitigation actions. The HMPG also reviewed the history of disasters in the County and assessed the need for specific mitigation actions based on the type and location of damage caused by past events. The process used during the completion of the initial plan and first update was utilized for this update. Finally, the assessment of community vulnerabilities included a review of current codes, plans, policies, programs, and regulations used by local jurisdictions to determine whether existing provisions and requirements adequately address the hazards that pose the greatest risk to the community. This was a similar process to that used in the original plan and first update. Goals, Objectives, and Alternative Mitigation Actions (January 2022- February 2022) Based on this understanding of the hazards faced by the County, the goals, objectives, and actions identified in the 2018 plan were reviewed to see what had been completed and could be removed and which were not able to be completed due to funding or other challenges. HMPG members then added updated priorities in the form of listed goals, objectives, and actions, as required for the completion of the update. This was done by the members working with their local planning groups and in a series of one-on-one meetings with County Office of Emergency Services staff. Additionally, plan compatibility with existing plans and regulations was considered and accounted for. Mitigation Plan and Implementation Strategy (January 2022- February 2022): Each jurisdiction reviewed their priorities for action from among their goals, objectives, and actions, developing a specific implementation strategy including details about the CAL FIRE San Diego Communications Bureau Decorative Image Page 236 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 46 organizations responsible for carrying out the actions, their estimated cost, possible funding sources, and timelines for implementation. Mitigation Action Progress Report (February 2022- June 2022) If applicable, jurisdictions completed a progress report for their previous 2018 plan. All HMPG members were also asked to complete a FEMA Plan Evaluation (Section 7 of this plan) as a resource to help keep this plan current. Page 237 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 47 SECTION THREE: Create an Outreach Strategy Decorative Image Photo by Kevin Pack CAL FIRE San Diego Communications Bureau San Diego County, California 2023 Page 238 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION THREE | Create an Outreach Strategy 48 3. SECTION THREE: CREATE AN OUTREACH STRATEGY The County of San Diego’s Hazard Mitigation Outreach Strategy is based on the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA’s) Whole Community Approach and governed by existing department, local, state, and federal plans, regulations, and budgets. The Whole Community Approach supports inclusive management practices, and it’s three principles help guide the County of San Diego’s Hazard Mitigation Outreach Strategy. 3.1. WHOLE COMMUNITY APPROACH The County of San Diego/the Operational Area develop and update emergency plans in accordance with local, state, and federal policies and guidance. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) provides a strategic framework to guide all members of the emergency management community as they determine how to integrate the Whole Community Approach and related concepts into their daily practices. FEMA’s guidance and this plan are not intended to be all-encompassing or offer specific actions that require adoption of certain protocols. Instead, the Whole Community Approach is acknowledged as a general process by which the public, emergency management representatives, organizational and community leaders, tribal partners, and government officials can understand and assess the needs of their respective communities, then determine the best ways to organize and strengthen resources, capacities, and interests. The Whole Community Approach, overall, is intended to increase individual preparedness, prompt engagement with vital community partners, and enhance community resiliency and security. More information about this approach and other concepts can be located on FEMA’s website (www.FEMA.gov). Community resilience within emergency management consists of three key factors: 1. The ability of first responder agencies (e.g., fire, law, emergency medical services) to divert from their day-to-day operations to the emergency effectively and efficiently. 2. The strength and inclusivity of the emergency management system and organizations within the region to include the Emergency Operations Center (EOC), mass notification systems, emergency public information systems, etc. 3. The civil preparedness of the region’s people, businesses, and community organizations. Enhancing all three of these factors constantly focuses the Operational Area on improving the region’s resiliency. Emergency response effectiveness also largely depends on the preparedness and resiliency of the collective communities within a region. Different types of communities exist including, but not limited to, communities of place, interests, beliefs, and circumstances, which can exist geographically and virtually (e.g., online gatherings/forums, etc.). While multiple factors can contribute to community resilience and effective emergency management resources and outcomes, FEMA recommends three principles to establish a Whole Community Approach: 1. Understand and meet the actual needs of the whole community 2. Engage and empower all parts of the community 3. Strengthen what works well in communities Page 239 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION THREE | Create an Outreach Strategy 49 A deep understanding of the unique and diverse needs of a population (including demographics, values, norms, community structures, networks, relationships, and experiences) is crucial for emergency managers to best ascertain the population’s real-life safety needs and motivation to participate in preparation and mitigation activities prior to an emergency event. A Whole Community Approach towards building community resilience requires finding ways to support and strengthen the relationships, institutions, structures, assets, and networks that already exist, work well in communities, and address issues that are important to community members. Engaging the whole community and empowering local action in this manner will best position all stakeholders to plan for/meet the actual needs of a community and strengthen local capacity/resilience to recover from threats and hazards.76F76F76F 77 This plan was developed in alignment with the Whole Community Approach through collaboration with and guidance from representatives of the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES), Cal OES’ Office of Access and Functional Needs (OAFN), County departments/agencies/groups, special districts, OA City departments, law enforcement, fire services, emergency management, people with access and functional needs, tribal community liaisons, business and industry partners, and various other public and private stakeholders. 3.1.1. INCLUSIVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES The County of San Diego and the County Office of Emergency Services (County OES) are committed to achieving and fostering a Whole Community emergency management system that is fully inclusive of all individuals. Individual differences include, but are not limited to, ability, access and functional needs, age, life experience, military/veteran status, race, ethnicity, socio-economic class, marital status, parental status, gender/gender expression, sexual orientation, national origin, and religion. Through the integration of community-based organizations, service providers, government programs, individuals with disabilities, and individuals with access and functional needs into the planning process, meaningful partnerships are developed and leveraged. These partnerships help enable the region to support community in the San Diego Operational Area, and all programs, services, and activities provided to people during emergency events, to the maximum extent feasible, will be inclusive of all individuals. The following items are examples of inclusive service delivery and support: • Accessible transportation • Assistance animals • Dietary restrictions and needs • Assistive equipment and services • Accessible public messaging • Evacuation assistance • Restoration of essential services • Language translation and interpretation services 77 https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/2020-07/whole_community_dec2011__2.pdf Page 240 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION THREE | Create an Outreach Strategy 50 • Service delivery site Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) compliance The County of San Diego partners with a broad network of trusted community organizations and agencies (e.g., churches, non-profit organizations, refugee resettlement organizations) called the “Partner Relay” to accomplish inclusive practices through sharing emergency information with communities that may have limited English proficiency. In addition to observing inclusive preparation, mitigation, and response practices, the County of San Diego also incorporates existing and new local, state, and federal laws that govern emergency planning and response efforts. Examples of the County of San Diego’s compliance with federal laws that prohibit discrimination on the basis of disability within emergency management programs include this plan’s incorporation of: • Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 • Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act of 1988 • Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1975 • Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006 • Rehabilitation Act of 1973 • Fair Housing Act Amendments of 1988 • Architectural Barriers Act of 1968 • Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act of 2010 • Telecommunications Act of 1996 Additionally, the County of San Diego complies with California Government Code § 8593.3, which requires government agencies to integrate planning for the needs of individuals with access and functional needs into emergency operations plans. Code § 8593.3 compliance also includes planning for individuals who have: • Developmental or intellectual disabilities • Physical disabilities • Chronic conditions • Injuries • Limited English proficiency or people who do not speak English • Low-income, and individuals who are: • Older adults • Children • Pregnant • Living in institutionalized settings, and individuals who are experiencing: • Homelessness • Transportation disadvantages, including, but not limited to, people who are dependent on public transit. Page 241 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION THREE | Create an Outreach Strategy 51 For further details on County OES’ Whole Community Approach to emergency management and the integration of inclusive emergency management practices, refer to the County of San Diego’s Emergency Operations Plan: Basic Plan.77F77F77F 78 3.2. COMMUNITY OUTREACH STRATEGY The County Office of Emergency Services (County OES) recognized the importance of public feedback throughout the plan update process to account for community hazard concerns and to gauge community preparedness and education needs. Therefore, County OES’ Community Outreach Strategy provided multiple ways and opportunities for the public to provide input: • Webpage and Email Address • Telephone availability • Survey • Public Forum 3.2.1. WEBPAGE AND EMAIL ADDRESS A Hazard Mitigation Plan webpage, as part of the San Diego County Office of Emergency Services’ (County OES’) website, was developed and published years ago to provide the public with information and methods to provide feedback—such as the dedicated hazard mitigation email address that is checked daily by County OES staff for any public questions and/or feedback. Other Items posted on the webpage include the current plan and jurisdiction annexes.78F78F78F 79 3.2.2. TELEPHONE, MAIL, & FAX AVAILABILITY The San Diego County Office of Emergency Services’ home website provides the public with contact information to ask questions and/or provide feedback via telephone, mail and/or fax.79F79F79F 80 3.2.3. SURVEY A detailed community engagement survey (for both this plan and the County’s Emergency Operations Plan) was developed by the County Office of Emergency Services’ (County OES’) Planning Participants, translated into six total languages, published on County OES’ website for public response, shared via all County OES social media accounts, then advertised via a County News Center article.80F80F80F 81 The survey was also shared with all regional Planning Participants and other partners (such as the Partner Relay, Unified Disaster Council (UDC) members, Emergency Managers, the County Committee for Persons with Disabilities, County Employee Resource Groups and 78 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/sdc/oes/emergency_management/oes_jl_oparea.html 79 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/oes/emergency_management/oes_jl_mitplan.html. 80 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/sdc/oes.html. 81 https://www.countynewscenter.com/help-the-county-update-emergency-plans/. Page 242 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION THREE | Create an Outreach Strategy 52 County policy aides), with the request for these partners to share the survey with their community networks. The survey sought public input about top hazard concerns and gauged the public's hazard education and readiness so future hazard mitigation projects/action items (detailed in Section 6 of this plan) can incorporate this feedback and enhance community preparedness before a disaster occurs. Survey respondents were also asked to provide their email address if they were interested in attending County OES’ Community Engagement Public Forum, described in the next section. The community engagement survey was active from April 1, 2022 to May 9, 2022 and received 500 total responses. The survey results, and related public forum recording, were posted to County OES’ Hazard Mitigation Plan webpage for 30 days.81F81F81F 82 3.2.4. PUBLIC FORUM The County Office of Emergency Services’ (County OES’) contacted the survey recipients who requested a Public Forum invitation on May 16, 2022 to provide Public Forum details, instructions, and to offer language translation services upon request. County OES then hosted the recorded Community Engagement Public Forum on Monday, May 23, 2022, at 10 AM, via a virtual collaboration platform. The forum presenters discussed the community engagement survey results and shared methods to: receive personal disaster plans, hazard preparation and mitigation resources, ask more hazard mitigation questions and/or provide additional feedback. The public forum recording, and related survey results, were posted to County OES’ Hazard Mitigation Plan webpage for a minimum of 30 days. 82F82F82F 83 3.2.5. FEEDBACK INCORPORATION Public involvement was valuable in the development of this plan update. The areas of concern provided via all outreach methods were used by each jurisdiction while developing and/or updating mitigation goals, objectives, and actions. Additionally, public feedback was also used, in conjunction with hazard data, to determine the top hazards of concern for the region profiled in Section 5 of this plan. The public can continue public participation in the plan maintenance process by emailing the hazard mitigation email address, calling the County Office of Emergency Services’ (County OES) during business hours and/or providing feedback during future outreach opportunities that will be advertised on our website, social media platforms and shared with regional partners. City-, special district-, or other organization-specific feedback should be provided directly to those parties via their advertised methods. 82 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/oes/emergency_management/oes_jl_mitplan.html 83 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/oes/emergency_management/oes_jl_mitplan.html Page 243 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 53 SECTION FOUR: Review Community Capabilities Decorative Image Photo by Jeff Hall CAL FIRE San Diego Communications Bureau San Diego County, California 2023 Page 244 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 54 4. SECTION FOUR: REVIEW COMMUNITY CAPABILITIES Local mitigation capabilities are existing authorities, policies, programs, and resources that reduce hazard impacts or that could be used to implement hazard mitigation activities and must be included in a hazard mitigation plan by the Planning Group. The Planning Group may also identify additional types of capabilities relevant to mitigation planning. 4.1. CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT The primary types of capabilities for reducing long-term vulnerability through mitigation planning are: • Planning and Regulatory • Administrative and Technical • Financial • Education and Outreach 4.1.1. PLANNING AND REGULATORY Planning and Regulatory Capabilities are the plans, policies, codes, and ordinances that prevent and reduce the impacts of hazards. Overall, this jurisdiction can expand upon these capabilities by creating and applying an updated five-year Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Cycle, Work Plan, and Charter to: • identify plans that need incorporation into the next update of this plan • identify plans that will need to be informed by this plan • outline the next five-year cycle of this plan’s update with the addition of planning partner expectations, assignments/deliverables, tentative deadlines, resources available, in- person workshops/training dates/agendas, vulnerability assessment needs, and planning meeting dates. The following table summarizes the jurisdiction’s planning and regulatory capabilities: Page 245 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 55 TABLE 5: PLANNING AND REGULATORY CAPABILITIES Plans Yes/No Year Does the plan address hazards? Does the plan identify projects to include in the mitigation strategy? Can the plan be used to implement mitigation actions? Comprehensive / Master Plan Yes, 2021 The County of San Diego General Plan, which includes the Safety Element and references back to the Hazard Mitigation Plan, outlines projects and strategies that could be implemented in the areas of conservation, housing, noise and land-use. Per the Plan: This document is the first comprehensive update of the San Diego County General Plan since 1978 and is the result of the collective efforts of elected and appointed officials, community groups, individuals, and agencies who spent countless hours developing a framework for the future growth and development of the unincorporated areas of the County. This document replaces the previous General Plan and is based on a set of guiding principles designed to protect the County’s unique and diverse natural resources and maintain the character of its rural and semi-rural communities. It reflects an environmentally sustainable approach to planning that balances the need for adequate infrastructure, housing, and economic vitality, while maintaining and preserving each unique community within the County, agricultural areas, and extensive open space. Safety Element: Establishes policies and programs to protect the community from risks associated with seismic, geologic, flood, and wildfire hazards. Capital Improvements Plan Yes, 2021 The Capital Improvement Program consists of improvements to roads and bridges; facilities at the eight County-owned and operated airports and airstrips; flood control facilities in unincorporated developed areas; and wastewater facilities owned and operated by the County. These services keep our roads and related infrastructure up to date to promote safe, viable and livable communities and make it easier for community members to lead healthy lives. The Department of Public Works project management team is responsible for overall management and coordination of planning, budget, design, environmental clearance and permitting, right-of-way acquisition and utility coordination for County roads. Funds are approved by the Board of Supervisors though a yearly Detailed Work Program. In a typical fiscal year, approximately 30 projects are in construction with about 70 other projects in the development stages. The Capital Improvement Program anticipated budget for Fiscal Year 2020-21 is over $122 million. Page 246 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 56 Plans Yes/No Year Does the plan address hazards? Does the plan identify projects to include in the mitigation strategy? Can the plan be used to implement mitigation actions? Local Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) Yes, 2018 The Operational Area EOP is developed to be inclusive of multiple hazards, with a regional focus and template versions of the plan that local municipalities can develop into their own EOP. The County EOP includes annexes in the following relevant categories: • Emergency Management • Fire and Law Mutual Aid • Multi-Causality Operations • Public Health Operations • Terrorism Continuity of Operations Plan Yes, Update d Annuall y The San Diego County Continuity of Operation plan (COOP) / Program is guided by the Chief Administrative Officer (CAO) COOP Policy of 2013 and identifies and tests redundant and inoperable systems for maintaining critical functions during disasters. There is a separate and specific annex of each plan for Pandemic. On an annual basis, each agency is required to submit and updated COOP and Site Evacuation Plan (SEP) to the County COOP Coordinator (OES Position) and this is submitted to a repository where each plan can be accessed by leadership within the county. Each plan is required to be tested every two years. Transportation Plan Yes, 2018 • Bicycle Transportation Plan • Pedestrian Area Transportation Plan • Active Transportation Plan Stormwater Management Plan Yes, 2018 On May 8, 2013, the San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board (Regional Board) adopted a new Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4/Stormwater) Permit (National Pollution Discharge Elimination System Permit, No. R9-2013-0001) that covered the San Diego County Copermittees. Order No. R9-2015-0001 was adopted on February 11, 2015, amending the Regional MS4 Permit to extend coverage to the Orange County Copermittees. Order No. R9-2015-0100 was adopted on November 18, 2015, amending the Regional MS4 Permit to extend coverage to the Riverside County Copermittees and make minor revisions. This Permit mandates that the County of San Diego develop new and updated Runoff Management Plans and Programs, including Water Quality Improvement Plans and a Jurisdictional Runoff Management Program. These documents were submitted to the Regional Board on June 26, 2015. Permit requirements are generally implemented in the unincorporated County under authority of the Watershed Page 247 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 57 Plans Yes/No Year Does the plan address hazards? Does the plan identify projects to include in the mitigation strategy? Can the plan be used to implement mitigation actions? Protection, Stormwater Management, and Discharge Control Ordinance (WPO). The amended MS4 Permit, like all previous iterations, requires the County to establish and maintain adequate legal authority to implement all updated MS4 Permit provisions. The WPO has been amended to ensure that it is current with the minimum requirements of the recently amended MS4 Permit. The amendments include updating terminology and definitions related to land development priority development projects (PDPs), removal of outdated sections, minor updates to discharge prohibitions, and the incorporation of an optional program to allow development projects to satisfy some of its stormwater compliance obligations at off-site locations. On January 27, 2016, the County Board of Supervisor’s adopted the Watershed Protection, Stormwater Management, and Discharge Control Ordinance (WPO). The WPO became effective February 26, 2016. Community Wildfire Protection Plan (CWPP) Community Wildfire Protection Plan (CWPP), continued Yes, 2016- 2020 Thirty-three communities have CWPP approved and in place: • Alpine • Crest • Camp & Lake Morena • Deer Springs • Descanso • Dulzura / Barrett • El Capitian • Eucalyptus Hills • Fallbrook • Greater Sunshine Summit • Harrison Park • Julian • Kensington X • Los Tules at Warner Springs • Mt. Laguna • Outer Jamul • Palomar Mountain • Pine Valley • Potrero – Tecate • Ramona • Rancho Penasquitos • Rancho Santa Fe • Real East County • Resource Conservation District of Greater San Diego County of San Diego Page 248 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 58 Plans Yes/No Year Does the plan address hazards? Does the plan identify projects to include in the mitigation strategy? Can the plan be used to implement mitigation actions? • San Diego County Northeast • San Diego County Southwest • Scripps Ranch • Stoneridge at Warner Springs Estates • Talmadge • Valley Center • Vista Wynola Estates The International Fire Chiefs Association released their guide to help develop and implement a Community Wildfire Preparedness Plan in communities and across the country. It has a local community level approach to include code, development review, ordinances and local authority, and is used by leaders in the Fire Service, including subject matter experts, and local, state, and federal officials. Other special plans (e.g., brownfields redevelopment, disaster recovery, coastal zone management, climate change adaptation) Yes • Disaster Recovery Plan • Climate Adaptation Plan • Wildfire Resiliency Strategy Building Code, Permitting, and Inspections Yes/ N Are codes adequately enforced? Building Code Yes Yes Site plan review requirements Yes Projects on lots that touch County or FEMA floodplain or floodways are routed to County Flood Control for review to ensure compliance with the County Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance which was last revised on 11/29/2019. Land Use Planning and Ordinances Yes/N Is the ordinance an effective measure for reducing hazard impacts? Is the ordinance adequately administered and enforced? Zoning ordinance Yes Yes Page 249 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 59 Subdivision ordinance Yes Yes Special purpose ordinances (floodplain management, storm water management, hillside or steep slope ordinances, wildfire ordinances, hazard setback requirements) Yes Projects on lots that touch County or FEMA floodplains or floodways are routed to County Flood Control for review to ensure compliance with the County Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance (FDPO) which was last revised on 11/29/2019. FDPO is an effective measure for reducing flood hazard impacts; and it is adequately administered and enforced. Flood insurance rate maps Yes County’s FDPO uses County floodplain and floodway maps available through SanGIS and FEMA FIRMs available through FEMA Map Service Center to effectively reduce flood hazard impacts. It is adequately administered and enforced. 4.1.2. ADMINISTRATIVE AND TECHNICAL Administrative and Technical Capabilities include staff, their skills, and tools that can be used for mitigation planning and to implement specific mitigation actions. For smaller jurisdictions without local staff resources, if there are public resources at the next higher-level government that can provide technical assistance, this may be indicated within the comments Overall, this jurisdiction can expand upon these capabilities by seeking additional funding opportunities for applicable staff, research, projects, and applicable resources/expenses. This jurisdiction can also improve these capabilities by keeping an updated planning participant contact list to account for staff turnover and ensure the inclusion of staff belonging to diverse departments and with varied tools and skills to accomplish a comprehensive plan. The following table summarizes the jurisdiction’s administrative and technical capabilities: Page 250 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 60 TABLE 6: ADMINISTRATIVE AND TECHNICAL CAPABILITIES Administration Yes/No Describe capability Is coordination effective? Planner(s) or engineer(s) with knowledge of land development and land management practices Yes Planning & Development Services (PDS)/ Lead Planner; County Fire CRR Battalion Chief Engineer(s) or professional(s) trained in construction practices related to buildings and/or infrastructure Yes PDS/Building Inspectors; Fire Prevention Specialist I & II Planners or Engineer(s) with an understanding of natural and/or human-caused hazards Yes County Fire Pre-Fire Division Chief Mitigation Planning Committee Yes San Diego County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (MJHMP) Planning Team Maintenance programs to reduce risk (e.g., tree trimming, clearing drainage systems) Yes County drainage crews inspect and maintain public drainage facilities annually and perform maintenance as necessary to ensure optimal conveyance. Defer to Department of Public Works (DPW) Transportation for Roads right-of-way maintenance. Mutual aid agreements Yes Mutual aid agreements with CPFD Region I and VI Mutual Aid Agreement are in place. This agreement extends the MHOAC program’s mutual aid response from Region VI to include all of Region I. If the County of San Diego faces an issue that our Operational Area cannot get the necessary resources within our county or within Region VI, then all the resources within Region I will be made available for our operational area in accordance with the mutual aid agreement. Staff Yes/No FT/PT1 Is staffing adequate to enforce regulations? Is staff trained on hazards and mitigation? Is coordination between agencies and staff effective? Floodplain Administrator Yes Staffing is adequate to enforce regulations. Staff are trained on hazards and mitigation. Staff are certified as Certified Floodplain Managers and regularly participate in continuing education provided by FEMA, ASFPM, FMA, etc. There is effective coordination between agencies and staff. Emergency Manager Emergency Manager Yes Yes The Office of Emergency Services employed 8 Emergency Services Coordinators / Senior Emergency Services Coordinators, as well as Temporary Admin Analyst Positions to Assist. County Fire coordinates with County Fire Incident Management Teams. Emergency Medical Services Coordinator and (2) Emergency Medical Services Specialists, Senior Emergency Services Coordinator, PH/BT Quality Assurance Specialists are employed out of Health and Page 251 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 61 Human Services. All the existing staff listed above are trained on local hazards and mitigation plans and have developed the relationships with outside agencies to have successful collaboration and support when needed. Staff with education or expertise to assess the community’s vulnerability to hazards Yes Public Health Services (PHS) has Health Planning and Program Specialists and Epidemiologists with technical assistance from the California Department of Public Health, Office of Health Equity, and other partners and subject matter experts to assess the community’s vulnerability to hazards; The State has created assessments and health profiles for the various counties on vulnerability to the public health impacts of climate change. Staff referenced here do not enforce regulations. Staff referenced here are trained on the public health impacts of climate change and some also receive various levels of training in NIMS/ICS. More training is planned to occur in the coming years. There is good coordination and communication between the individuals and organizations referenced here. County Fire oversees the County Science Advisory Board; County Fire Environmental Scientists. The Hazard Incident Response Team are experts in Hazardous Waste spills / releases. Staff at the Office of Emergency Services are experts in all hazards and oversee the production of Concept of Operations (response plans and procedures) for a multitude of natural and human-caused disasters. Community Planner Yes The following county departments recorded having Community planners on staff: • OES • PHS • DPW • PDS Scientists familiar with the hazards of the community Yes The following county departments recorded having Scientists on staff: • OES • PHS • DPW • PDS Personnel skilled in GIS and/or HAZUS Yes The following county departments recorded having GIS Personnel on staff: • OES • PHS • DPW • PDS Page 252 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 62 Grant writers Yes The following county departments recorded having Grant Writers on Staff: • OES • PHS • DPW • PDS Technical Yes/ No Describe capability Has capability been used to assess/mitigate risk in the past? Warning systems/services (Reverse 911, outdoor warning signals) Yes The County and individual municipalities have multiple notification systems and protocols used during emergency events. AlertSanDiego is the opt- in notification system, WEA (Wireless Emergency Alert) is coordinated and used, as well as the SDEmergency App and website. • Flood Warning Flood Warning uses a network of automated rain, stream, reservoir and weather stations known as the ALERT Flood Warning System. Weather changes are reported in real-time to our Kearny Mesa office. ALERT systems are used around the world to provide real-time flood warning to local communities at risk from flooding threat. ALERT is an acronym that stands for Automatic Local Evaluation in Real-Time. • San Diego Flood Warning System The San Diego County Flood Warning System is made up of 120 rain gages, stream gages, weather stations, and lake level stations that report data in real time to the Flood Control Weather Center in Kearny Mesa. The system is internet-based and each of its sensors has defined alarms, that when activated, are used by the flood warning system to automatically assemble a warning message and send it out to the appropriate emergency managers by email or cell phone. The website has numerous links that allow the user to view and download the sensor data, view updating graphs and maps, and access other weather-related resources. • OES and PHS collaborate on Partner Relay to ensure messages are getting to community members with limited English proficiency. Additionally, Partner Relay hosts 3 workshops per year to warn community members and organizations serving populations without homes, refugees and other community-based organizations about emergency preparedness topics. Yes, this capability has been used to assess/mitigate Page 253 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 63 risk in the past (e.g., during the Lilac Fire) and in between emergencies with the workshops for CBOs. Hazard data and information Yes Hazard Data is used for both this plan, and the Counties Emergency Operations Plan. County OES also uses this data for our Concept of Operations and in assistance of hazard specific plans for other departments. HHSA and PHS have health statistics, and data about the social determinants of health (e.g., Live Well indicators). The Live Well Team and Community Health Statistics Unit maintain this data and information. Yes, this work has been used to assess and mitigate risk in the past both for the County and its partners by making this information widely and publicly available and promoting awareness of it (e.g., through workshops on the public health impacts of climate change, presentations on the Community Health Assessment data). Grant writing Yes Mitigation grants (HMA / HMGP) Grants are applied for by multiple departments within the county (Flood Authority / OES / PDS). All of which have grant writing experience. Hazus analysis Yes HAZUS Analysis is utilized for the Hazard Mitigation Plan. 4.1.3. FINANCIAL Overall, this jurisdiction can expand upon this capability by researching, tracking, and applying for grant/funding opportunities that can enhance this jurisdiction’s Hazard Mitigation Program and execution of Prioritized Actions outlined in Section 6 of this plan. This jurisdiction can also enhance this capability by dedicating staff and/or collaborating with existing finance staff to further develop this capability. This jurisdiction has access to or is eligible to use the following funding resources for hazard mitigation: County OES Page 254 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 64 TABLE 7: FUNDING RESOURCES Funding Resource Access/ Eligibility (Yes/No) Has the funding resource been used in past and for what type of activities? Could the resource be used to fund future mitigation actions? Community Development Block Grants (CDBG) Yes Capital improvements project funding Yes Yes Authority to levy taxes for specific purposes Potentially San Diego Flood Control District Act provides potential, but Prop 218 requires a vote by property owners. Fees for water, sewer, gas, or electric service No Impact fees for homebuyers or developers for new developments/homes Yes Special Drainage Area Developer Fees provided to Flood Control District Page 255 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 65 4.1.4. EDUCATION AND OUTREACH Overall, this jurisdiction can expand upon these capabilities by researching, tracking, and applying for grants/addition funding opportunities for applicable staff, research, education and outreach programs/projects/supplies/technology, and applicable resources/expenses. This jurisdiction can also enhance this capability by furthering it’s creative use of outreach methods, such as leveraging the Partner Relay (comprised of community leaders), and expanding partnerships. The table below Identifies education and outreach programs and methods already in place that could be used to implement mitigation activities and communicate hazard-related information: TABLE 8: EDUCATION AND OUTREACH PROGRAMS Program/Organization Yes/No Describe program/organization and how relates to disaster resilience and mitigation. Could the program/organization help implement future mitigation activities? Local citizen groups or non- profit organizations focused on environmental protection, emergency preparedness, access and functional needs populations, etc. Yes Department of Environmental Health & Quality (DEHQ) does educational outreach to permitted business on regulations only. Public Health Services (PHS) works with the following departments or groups for disaster resilience and mitigation: County OES, Community Action Partnership (Resident Leadership Academy, CinA, WalkNRoll, Exchange) & Office of Refugee Coordination, HHSA Regions, Integrative Services, Live Well San Diego team/CHWs, Partner Relay efforts with various community-based organizations serving refugees, populations without homes, and community groups with limited English proficiency. OES has a working group on access and functional needs, the County also has an Employee Resource Group called Diverse Abilities which takes an active interest in access and functional needs (AFN) populations and emergency preparedness. PHS also collaborates with a number of partners and community-based organizations on various activities (e.g., Vista Community Clinic). PHS has the ability to collaborate with any of the groups listed above to help implement future mitigation activities. Page 256 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 66 Ongoing public education or information program (e.g., responsible water use, fire safety, household preparedness, environmental education) Yes Department of Environmental Health & Quality (DEHQ) does educational outreach to public schools on environmental education. Public Health Services (PHS) works with the following departments or groups on public information/education programs: County OES, CAP (RLA, CinA, Exchange) & Office of Refugee Coordination, HHSA Regions, DPW (Recycling and stormwater), DEH, AWM as well. Live Well San Diego team/Community Health Workers (CHW), Partner Relay (messages during and in between emergencies plus 3 educational workshops per year on emergency preparedness topics). Resident Leadership Academy (RLA) Network workshops on public health impacts of climate change. El Cajon Collaborative, East County, and all HHSA Regions to receive workshop on public health impacts of climate change (2021). PHS has the ability to collaborate with any of the groups listed above to help implement future mitigation activities. Natural disaster or safety related school programs Yes Public Health Services (PHS) works with the following departments or groups on natural disaster programs: County OES, CAP (potentially O’Farrell, RLA, NCRC), Live Well San Diego team/CHWs. PHS has the ability to collaborate with any of the groups listed above to help implement future mitigation activities for natural disasters. StormReady certification Yes Department of Environmental Health & Quality (DEHQ) does educational outreach to public schools on environmental education. Firewise Communities certification Yes The National Weather Service Storm Ready Program was created to help communities develop disaster mitigation plans and prepare for extreme weather events. The National Weather Service has outlined five requirements to receive a storm ready certification (StormReady): Establish a 24-hour warning point and emergency operations center. Have more than one way to receive severe weather warnings and forecasts and to alert the public. Create a system that monitors weather conditions locally. Page 257 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 67 Firewise Communities certification Yes Promote the importance of public readiness through community seminars. Develop a formal hazardous weather plan, which includes training severe weather spotters and holding emergency exercises. San Diego County Flood Control District's (SDCFCD) applied for a Storm Ready certification in 2018 and received it shortly afterward. SDCFCD's ALERT flood warning system has over 450 sensors continuously monitoring and transmitting hydrologic and weather information to the base station at the Kearny Mesa Weather Center. If any of the parameters exceed predetermined thresholds, alarm notifications are sent to emergency officials and flood control staff. This allows field crews and emergency staff to know where to concentrate storm cleanup or storm mitigation efforts. During precipitation events, Flood Control staff monitor weather conditions and ensure flood warning system integrity 24/7. Could the program/organization help implement future mitigation activities? The program's framework ensures communities frequently create or modify disaster mitigation plans to prepare for the increasing vulnerability of natural hazards. Flood Control holds and participates in exercises with partners to improve existing technology, ensure we utilize best communication practices, and make certain mitigation plans are relevant for current and future risks and hazards. Public-private partnership initiatives addressing disaster- related issues Yes Public Health Services (PHS) works with the following departments or groups on public- private partnership initiatives: County OES, HHSA Regions, CAP & Office of Refugee Coordination, Live Well San Diego team/CHWs. Disaster Medical Surge Plan, San Diego Healthcare Disaster Coalition. PHS has the ability to collaborate with any of the groups listed above to help implement future mitigation activities to address disaster- related issues. Page 258 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 68 4.2. NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM (NFIP) As a participant in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) (discussed previously in Section 1 of this plan), a community develops capabilities for conducting flood mitigation activities. The hazard mitigation plan must describe each jurisdiction’s participation in the NFIP. Participating communities must describe their continued compliance with NFIP requirements. The mitigation plan must do more than state that the community will continue to comply with the NFIP. Each jurisdiction must describe their floodplain management program and address how they will continue to comply with the NFIP requirements. The local floodplain administrator is often the primary source for this information. Jurisdictions where FEMA has issued a floodplain map but are currently not participating in the NFIP may meet this requirement by describing the reasons why the community does not participate. Plan updates must meet the same requirements and document any change in floodplain management programs. The County of San Diego participates in the NFIP. The following table shows the NFIP participation status of the County of San Diego and its jurisdictions: Page 259 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 69 TABLE 9: NFIP STATUS OF PARTICIPATING JURISDICTIONS. Jurisdiction Participating Not Participating Not Eligible 1. Alpine Fire Protection District X 2. Carlsbad X 3. Chula Vista X 4. Coronado X 5. County of San Diego X 6. Del Mar X 7. El Cajon X 8. Encinitas X 9. Escondido X 10. Imperial Beach X 11. La Mesa X 12. Lemon Grove X 13. National City X 14. Oceanside X 15. Otay Water District X 16. Padre Dam Municipal Water District X 17. Poway X 18. Port of San Diego X 19. Rainbow Municipal Water District X 20. Rancho Santa Fe Fire Protection District X Page 260 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 70 Jurisdiction Participating Not Participating Not Eligible 21. San Diego (City) X 22. San Marcos X 23. San Diego County Water Authority X 24. San Miguel Fire Protection District X 25. Santee X 26. Solana Beach X 27. Sweetwater Authority X 28. Vista X 29. Vista Irrigation District X Page 261 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 71 The information listed below details this community’s participation in and continued compliance with the NFIP and identified areas for improvement that could be potential mitigation actions (listed in Section 6 of this plan): TABLE 10: LOCAL MITIGATION NFIP Topic Source of Information Comments Insurance Summary How many NFIP policies are in the community? What is the total premium and coverage? State NFIP Coordinator or FEMA NFIP Specialist 1,119 policies $994,070 total premium $318,933,500 total coverage How many claims have been paid in the community? What is the total amount of paid claims? How many of the claims were for substantial damage? FEMA NFIP or Insurance Specialist 578 claims paid $5,510,145 total amount of paid claims NFIP does not track NFIP does not track substantial damage claims. San Diego County does not have any current records of substantial damage inspections and/or claims. How many structures are exposed to flood risk within the community? Community Floodplain Administrator (FPA) There are approximately 2,268 insurable residential and non-residential structures within the mapped SFHA. Describe any areas of flood risk with limited NFIP policy coverage. Community FPA and FEMA Insurance Specialist Additional time and resources would be needed to confirm or identify areas within the County where limited NFIP policy coverage may exist. For example, developed areas older than 30 years, areas that may be primary rental properties, and areas within the community that may represent low socioeconomic status. Staff Resources Is the Community FPA or NFIP Coordinator certified? Community FPA No Is floodplain management an auxiliary function? Community FPA Yes Page 262 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 72 NFIP Topic Source of Information Comments Provide an explanation of NFIP administration services (e.g., permit review, GIS, education or outreach, inspections, engineering capability). Community FPA The FPA administers the enforcement of adopted codes and regulations including NFIP compliance, stormwater, and floodplain management. The FPA is responsible for the management of FEMA’s Community Rating System program and the administration of daily FPA duties: LOMC procedures, records of services provided to the public, outreach projects, SFHA permitting review, and review and maintenance of all documents associated with floodplain development. GIS mapping is a daily resource utilized by the FPA. What are the barriers to running an effective NFIP program in the community, if any? Community FPA Funding opportunities to study and implement flood risk reduction projects and/or mitigation projects such as buyout/acquisition and demolition. Compliance History Is the community in good standing with the NFIP? State NFIP Coordinator, FEMA NFIP Specialist, community records Yes, the community is in good standing with the NFIP. Regulation When did the community enter the NFIP? Community Status Book http://www.fema.gov/ national- flood-insurance- program/national-flood- insurance-program- community- status-book 6/15/1984 Are the FIRMs digital or paper? Community FPA Both. Current digital FIRMS are effective 3/22/2022. Page 263 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 73 NFIP Topic Source of Information Comments Do floodplain development regulations meet or exceed FEMA or State minimum requirements? If so, in what ways? Community FPA The State of California adopted and enforced statewide building codes in combination with the local floodplain regulations, exceed minimum NFIP requirements: • Minimum 1’ freeboard including mechanic and equipment enforced for residential and non- residential development • Positive drainage from the foundation wall is enforced by the adopted building codes • New buildings on fill within the SFHA are required to be properly designed and on compacted fill per the adopted building codes Provide an explanation of the permitting process. Community FPA, State, FEMA NFIP Flood Insurance Manual http://www.fema.gov/ flood- insurance-manual Community FPA, FEMA CRS Coordinator, ISO representative When a permit application is received, it is entered into Accela and identified to be within the floodplain by parcel data. During the review process, the FPA is involved in the plan review and permitting procedures. This includes plan review comments, discussions with the application and design professionals including the requirement of a finished construction elevation certificate prior to a certificate of occupancy being issued. The FPA works directly with Planning, Engineering, Public Works, and Building Inspections to ensure floodplain regulations are addressed during plan review and implemented/enforced up to the close of the building permit. Page 264 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FOUR | Review Community Capabilities 74 NFIP Topic Source of Information Comments Provide an explanation of the permitting process. Community FPA, State, FEMA NFIP Flood Insurance Manual http://www.fema.gov/ flood- insurance-manual Community FPA, FEMA CRS Coordinator, ISO representative All SFHA projects are reviewed and permitted under current regulations including State-enforced, local regulations, and NFIP compliance as addressed in the floodplain management regulations. Community Rating System (CRS) Does the community participate in CRS? Community FPA, State, FEMA NFIP Yes What is the community’s CRS Class Ranking? Flood Insurance Manual http://www.fema.gov/ flood- insurance-manual CRS Class 7, May 2023 publication CRS Class 6, October 2023 publication Does the plan include CRS planning requirements Community FPA, FEMA CRS Coordinator, ISO representative Yes Page 265 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 75 SECTION FIVE: Risk Assessment Decorative Image Photo by County OES, Rob Andolina San Diego County, California 2023 Page 266 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 76 5. SECTION FIVE: CONDUCT A RISK ASSESSMENT The Hazard Mitigation Planning Group (HMPG) conducts a risk assessment to determine the potential impacts of hazards to the people, economy, and built and natural environments of the community. The risk assessment provides the foundation for the rest of the mitigation planning process, which is focused on identifying and prioritizing actions to reduce risk to hazards. In addition to informing the mitigation strategy, the risk assessment also can be used to establish emergency preparedness and response priorities, for land use and comprehensive planning, and for decision making by elected officials, city and county departments, businesses, and organizations in the community. Risk Assessment requires the collection and analysis of hazard-related data to enable local jurisdictions to identify and prioritize appropriate mitigation actions that will reduce losses from potential hazards. When the plan revision process began in 2019, a complete review of the hazards identified in the original plan and first update was conducted to determine if they were still valid and should be kept as a target for mitigation measures or removed from the list. The HMPG also reassessed hazards that were not considered for mitigation actions in 2018 to determine if that decision was still applicable or if they should be moved to the active list. Finally, the HMPG examined potential or emerging hazards, including climate change, to see if any should be included on the active list. The data used was the most recent data available from SanGIS and the participating jurisdictions. This data changed the model results; in some cases, raising the risks and reducing it in others. The overall result was a more accurate picture of the risks facing the region. While many of the mitigation measures listed in the original plan and revision were accomplished, the risk of the hazard did not significantly diminish. This is easily seen in both the wildfire and earthquake hazards. While mitigation measures have been put in place (such as the update of the fire code and vegetation management measures), wildfire remains, and will continue to be, the greatest hazard risk to the San Diego region. The HMPG reviewed all events since 2018 (wildfires, etc.) and all were profiled accurately in the original plan. The review of other hazards showed the updated data was consistent with previous growth in the region. Any significant changes to the hazard profiles were the result of the incorporation of climate change into this plan. Risk Assessment is the process of identifying the potential impacts of hazards that threaten an area, including both natural and human-caused events. A natural event causes a hazard when it harms people or property. Such events would include floods, earthquakes, tornadoes, tsunami, coastal storms, landslides, and wildfires that strike populated areas. Human-caused hazard events are caused by human activity and include technological hazards and terrorism. Technological hazards are generally accidental and/or have unintended consequences (for example, an accidental hazardous materials release). Terrorism is defined by the Code of Federal Regulations as “…unlawful use of force and violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives.” Natural hazards that have harmed the County in the past are likely to happen in the future. Consequently, the process of risk assessment includes determining whether the hazard has occurred previously. Approaches to collecting historical hazard data include researching newspapers and other records, conducting a planning document and report literature review in all relevant hazard subject areas, gathering hazard-related GIS data, and engaging in conversation with relevant experts from the community. In addition, a variety of sources were used to determine the full range of all potential hazards within San Diego County. Even though a particular hazard may not have occurred in recent history in San Diego Page 267 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 77 County, it is important during the hazard identification stage to consider all hazards that may potentially affect the study area. Hazard profiling entails describing the physical characteristics of hazards such as their magnitude, duration, past occurrences, and probability. This stage of the hazard mitigation planning process involves creating base maps of the study area, then collecting and mapping hazard event profile information obtained from various federal, state, and local government agencies. Building upon the original hazard profiles, The County Office of Emergency Services (County OES) used the existing hazard data tables (created for the original Hazard Mitigation Plan and revision) and updated them using current data. The revised hazard data was mapped to determine the geographic extent of the hazards in each jurisdiction in the County. The level of risk associated with each hazard in each jurisdiction was also estimated and assigned a risk level of high, medium, or low depending on several factors unique to that hazard. The hazards assessed were both natural and human-caused. Probability of future events are described in the plan as: • Highly Likely – Occurs at intervals of 1 – 10 years • Likely - Occurs at intervals of 10 - 50 years • Somewhat Likely - Occurs at intervals greater than every 50 years Analyzing risk involves evaluating vulnerable assets, describing potential impacts, and estimating losses for each hazard. Vulnerability describes the degree to which an asset is susceptible to damage from a hazard. Vulnerability also depends on an asset’s construction, contents, and the economic value of its functions. Like indirect damages, the vulnerability of one element of the community is often related to the vulnerability of another. Often, indirect effects can be much more widespread and damaging than direct effects. Risk analysis predicts the extent of injury and damage that may result from a hazard event of a given intensity within an area. It identifies the effects of natural and human-caused hazard events by estimating the relative exposure of existing and future population, land development, and infrastructure to hazardous conditions. The analysis helps set mitigation priorities by allowing local jurisdictions to focus attention on areas most likely to be damaged or most likely to require early emergency response during a hazard event. Disaster records were reviewed for repetitive losses. No repetitive losses were found for coastal storms, erosion, tsunamis, dam failures, earthquakes, landslides, wildfire, or liquefaction. Repetitive loss due to flooding is covered in the respective hazard profile of this plan. Exposure analysis identifies the existing and future assets located in an identified hazard area. It can quantify the number, type and value of structures, critical facilities, and infrastructure located in those areas, as well as assets exposed to multiple hazards. It can also be used to quantify the number of future structures and infrastructure possible in hazard prone areas based on zoning and building codes. 5.1. HAZARD ASSESSMENT SUMMARY The Hazard Mitigation Planning Group (HMPG) reviewed the hazards identified in the original Hazard Mitigation Plan and evaluated each to see if they still posed a risk to the region. In addition, the hazards listed in the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Handbook were also reviewed to determine if they should be added to the list of hazards to include in the plan revision.83F83F83F 84 All hazards identified by FEMA included: avalanche, coastal storm, coastal erosion, dam failure, drought/water supply, earthquake, expansive soils, extreme heat, flooding, hailstorm, house/building fire, 84 Local Mitigation Planning Handbook (fema.gov). Page 268 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 78 land subsidence, landslide, liquefaction, severe winter storm, tornado, tsunami, wildfire, windstorm, and volcano. Although not required by the FEMA Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, human-caused hazards, such as hazardous materials release, nuclear materials release, and terrorism, were also reviewed by the HMPG. Climate change was reviewed and discussed as an individual hazard. However, the HMPG determined the impact of climate change on the identified hazards should instead be included in hazard evaluations and their impacts. Hazard identification is the process of identifying all hazards that threaten an area, including both natural and human-caused events. In the hazard identification stage, The HMPG determined hazards that potentially threaten San Diego County. The hazard screening process involved narrowing the all-inclusive list of hazards to those most threatening to the San Diego region. The screening effort required extensive input from a variety of HMPG members, including representatives from City governments, County agencies, special districts, fire agencies and law enforcement agencies, the California Office of Emergency Services, local businesses, community groups, the 2020 Unified San Diego County Emergency Services Organization Operational Area Emergency Plan, and the public. The County Office of Emergency Services (County OES), with assistance of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) experts from the County of San Diego’s Planning and Development Services, used information from FEMA and other nationally and locally available databases to map the County’s hazards, infrastructure, critical facilities, and land uses. This mapping effort was utilized in the hazard screening process to determine which hazards would present the greatest risk to the County of San Diego and to each jurisdiction within the County. It was also determined that the coastal storm, erosion, and tsunami hazards should be profiled together because the same communities in the County have the potential to be affected by all three hazards. In the development of the initial plan, the HMPG indicated that, because the majority of the development in San Diego is relatively recent (within the last 60 years), an urban-type fire that destroys multiple city blocks is not likely to occur alone, without a wildfire in the urban/wild-land interface occurring first. Therefore, it was determined that structure fire and wildfire should be addressed as one hazard category in the plan. This current revised plan continues to discuss structure fire and wildfire together. Similarly, the original plan and first revision addressed earthquake and liquefaction as one category because liquefaction does not occur unless an adequate level of ground shaking from an earthquake occurs first. With the decommissioning of the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station, it was also decided to incorporate nuclear materials release (resulting from an accident) under hazardous materials release. The table below is the HMPG’s summary of hazard description information and identification of hazards are most significant to the planning area: Page 269 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 79 TABLE 11: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION Hazard Location (Geographic Area Affected) Maximum Probable Extent (Magnitude/Strength) Probability of Future Events Overall Significance Ranking Avalanche Negligible Weak Unlikely Low Dam Failure Significant Severe Unlikely Medium Drought Significant Severe Highly Likely High Earthquake/ Liquefaction Significant Extreme Likely High Erosion Limited Moderate Likely High Expansive Soils Limited Weak Likely Medium Extreme Heat Extensive Severe Highly Likely High Flood Significant Severe Highly Likely High Hail Limited Weak Unlikely Low Hurricane Limited Weak Unlikely Low Rain-Induced Landslide Extensive Severe Unlikely Medium Lightning Significant Weak Unlikely Low Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms Negligible Weak Likely High Severe Wind Extensive Weak Highly Likely Medium Severe Winter Weather Significant Moderate Highly Likely Medium Subsidence Negligible Weak Unlikely Low Tornado Negligible Weak Unlikely Low Tsunami Negligible Weak Unlikely Medium Wildfire Extensive Extreme Highly Likely High Climate Change Extensive Extreme Highly Likely High Terrorism / Cyber Terrorism (Human- Caused) Extensive Extreme Likely High CBRNE Threats Limited Moderate Occasional Low Pandemic Disease Extensive Extreme Occasional High Page 270 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 80 Definitions for Classifications Location (Geographic Area Affected) • Negligible: Less than 10 percent of planning area or isolated single-point occurrences • Limited: 10 to 25 percent of the planning area or limited single-point occurrences • Significant: 25 to 75 percent of planning area or frequent single-point occurrences • Extensive: 75 to 100 percent of planning area or consistent single-point occurrences Maximum Probable Extent (Magnitude/Strength based on historic events or future probability) • Weak: Limited classification on scientific scale, slow speed of onset or short duration of event, resulting in little to no damage • Moderate: Moderate classification on scientific scale, moderate speed of onset or moderate duration of event, resulting in some damage and loss of services for days • Severe: Severe classification on scientific scale, fast speed of onset or long duration of event, resulting in devastating damage and loss of services for weeks or months • Extreme: Extreme classification on scientific scale, immediate onset, or extended duration of event, resulting in catastrophic damage and uninhabitable conditions Ft TABLE 12: HAZARD SEVERITY Hazard Scale / Index Weak Moderate Severe Extreme Drought84F84F84F 85 Palmer Drought Severity Index3 -1.99 to +1.99 -2.00 to -2.99 -3.00 to -3.99 -4.00 and below Earthquake85F85F85F 86 86F86F86F 87 Modified Mercalli Scale 4 I to IV V to VII VII IX to XII Richter Magnitude Scale 5 2, 3 4, 5 6 7, 8 Hurricane Wind87F87F87F 88 Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale 6 1 2 3 4, 5 Tornado 88F88F88F 89 Fujita Tornado Damage Scale7 F0 F1, F2 F3 F4, F5 Probability of Future Events • Unlikely: Less than 1 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of greater than every 100 years. • Occasional: 1 to 10 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 11 to 100 years. • Likely: 10 to 90 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 1 to 10 years • Highly Likely: 90 to 100 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of less than 1 year. Overall Significance 85 Cumulative meteorological drought and wet conditions: http://ncdc.noaa.gov/ 86 Earthquake intensity and effect on population and structures: http://earthquake.usgs.gov 87 Earthquake magnitude as a logarithmic scale, measured by a seismograph: http://earthquake.usgs.gov 88 Hurricane rating based on sustained wind speed: http://nhc.noaa.gov 89 Tornado rating based on wind speed and associated damage: http://spc.noaa.gov Page 271 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 81 • Low: Two or more criteria fall in lower classifications, or the event has a minimal impact on the planning area. This rating is sometimes used for hazards with a minimal or unknown record of occurrences or for hazards with minimal mitigation potential. • Medium: The criteria fall mostly in the middle ranges of classifications and the event’s impacts on the planning area are noticeable but not devastating. This rating is sometimes used for hazards with a high extent rating but very low probability rating. • High: The criteria consistently fall in the high classifications and the event is likely/highly likely to occur with severe strength over a significant to extensive portion of the planning area. Based on this FEMA Standardized evaluation, in accordance with information covered within the HAZUS Data Evaluations, Vulnerability Assessments, Hazard Seminar Series, and input from Subject Matter Experts and the public, the County of San Diego has prioritized the following hazards into High, Medium, and Low rankings (in no order of prioritization within individual categories): High Medium Low • Drought • Dam Failure • Avalanche • Extreme Heat • Expansive Soils • Hail • Flood • Landslide • Hurricane • Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms • Severe Winter Weather • Subsidence • Tornado • Erosion • Tsunami • CBRNE Threats • Wildfire • Severe Wind • Lightning • Climate Change • Terrorism/Cyber- Terrorism • Pandemic Disease • Earthquake/Liquefaction A High ranking indicates the hazard has a “Highly Likely” probability of occurrence and/or a severe impact on the community. The Medium ranking indicated a “Likely” or “Occasional” potential for occurrence or impact. Hazards with a low probability of occurrence but with a potentially high impact were also ranked as Medium. The Low ranking indicates that the potential for the event to occur is "Unlikely” (remote and/or the impact of the event is minimal to the community). Many of these hazards were ranked differently by individual jurisdictions. For example, tsunamis received a relatively High ranking among coastal jurisdictions, while inland jurisdictions did not consider them for mitigation action. Additionally, all jurisdictions rated wildfire High. The hazards selected by each jurisdiction and related mitigation goals and actions are included in Section 5 and 6 of their annexes. The final list of twelve prioritized hazards for San Diego County were hazards with High or Medium Overall Significance. This list of prioritized hazards was determined by the HMPG using HAZUS Data Evaluations, Vulnerability Assessments, Hazard Seminar Series, and input from Subject Matter Experts and the public (appearing below in alphabetical order): • Climate Change o Probability of Future Events Highly Likely: 90 to 100 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of less than 1 year. o Overall Significance High: The criteria consistently fall in the high classifications and the event is likely/highly likely to occur with severe strength over a significant to extensive portion of the planning area. • Dam Failure o Probability of Future Events Unlikely: Less than 1 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of greater than every 100 years. Decorative Image Page 272 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 82 o Overall Significance Medium: The criteria fall mostly in the middle ranges of classifications and the event’s impacts on the planning area are noticeable but not devastating. This rating is sometimes used for hazards with a high extent rating but very low probability rating. o Rationale for Inclusion: Determined to require inclusion by the HMPG using HAZUS Data Evaluations, Vulnerability Assessments, Hazard Seminar Series, and input from Subject Matter Experts and the public • Drought o Probability of Future Events Highly Likely: 90 to 100 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of less than 1 year. o Overall Significance High: The criteria consistently fall in the high classifications and the event is likely/highly likely to occur with severe strength over a significant to extensive portion of the planning area. • Earthquake/Liquefaction o Probability of Future Events Likely: 10 to 90 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 1 to 10 years o Overall Significance High: The criteria consistently fall in the high classifications and the event is likely/highly likely to occur with severe strength over a significant to extensive portion of the planning area. • Extreme Heat o Probability of Future Events Highly Likely: 90 to 100 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of less than 1 year. o Overall Significance High: The criteria consistently fall in the high classifications and the event is likely/highly likely to occur with severe strength over a significant to extensive portion of the planning area. • Flood o Probability of Future Events Highly Likely: 90 to 100 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of less than 1 year. o Overall Significance High: The criteria consistently fall in the high classifications and the event is likely/highly likely to occur with severe strength over a significant to extensive portion of the planning area. • Human-Caused Hazards (Terrorism & Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE Threats)) o Probability of Future Events Likely: 10 to 90 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 1 to 10 years o Overall Significance High: The criteria consistently fall in the high classifications and the event is likely/highly likely to occur with severe strength over a significant to extensive portion of the planning area. • Rain-Induced Landslide o Probability of Future Events Unlikely: Less than 1 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of greater than every 100 years. o Overall Significance Medium: The criteria fall mostly in the middle ranges of classifications and the event’s impacts on the planning area are noticeable but not devastating. This rating is sometimes used for hazards with a high extent rating but very low probability rating. o Rationale for Inclusion: Determined to require inclusion by the HMPG using HAZUS Data, Evaluations, Vulnerability Assessments, Hazard Seminar Series, and input from Subject Matter Experts and the public • Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms/Erosion o Probability of Future Events Likely: 10 to 90 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 1 to 10 years Page 273 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 83 o Overall Significance High: The criteria fall mostly in the middle ranges of classifications and the event’s impacts on the planning area are noticeable but not devastating. This rating is sometimes used for hazards with a high extent rating but very low probability rating. • Severe Winter Weather o Probability of Future Events Highly Likely: 90 to 100 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of less than 1 year. o Overall Significance Medium: The criteria fall mostly in the middle ranges of classifications and the event’s impacts on the planning area are noticeable but not devastating. This rating is sometimes used for hazards with a high extent rating but very low probability rating. • Tsunami o Probability of Future Events Unlikely: Less than 1 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of greater than every 100 years. o Overall Significance Medium: The criteria fall mostly in the middle ranges of classifications and the event’s impacts on the planning area are noticeable but not devastating. This rating is sometimes used for hazards with a high extent rating but very low probability rating. o Rationale for Inclusion: Determined to require inclusion by the HMPG using HAZUS Data Evaluations, Vulnerability Assessments, Hazard Seminar Series, and input from Subject Matter Experts and the public • Wildfire/Structure Fire o Probability of Future Events Highly Likely: 90 to 100 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of less than 1 year. o Overall Significance High: The criteria consistently fall in the high classifications and the event is likely/highly likely to occur with severe strength over a significant to extensive portion of the planning area. Climate Change will be addressed throughout this plan as both a hazard and a factor that could affect the location, extent, probability of occurrence, and magnitude of climate-related hazards listed above. Though Pandemic Disease received a “High” Overall Significance rating (The criteria consistently fall in the high classifications and the event is likely/highly likely to occur with severe strength over a significant to extensive portion of the planning area.), the HMPG determined this hazard’s “Occasional” Probability of Future Events rating (1 to 10 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 11 to 100 years.), and input from HAZUS Data Evaluations, Vulnerability Assessments, Hazard Seminar Series, Subject Matter Experts and the public did not necessitate this hazard to be included in this plan’s final list of prioritized hazards. Page 274 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 84 5.1.1. HAZARD OMISSION RATIONALE During the initial evaluation, the Hazard Mitigation Planning Group (HMPG) determined certain hazards were not included in the original plan’s profiling step because they were not prevalent hazards within San Diego County, were found to pose only minor or very minor threats to San Diego County compared to the other hazards (status had not changed), and would, therefore, not be included in this revision. Only hazards that received a High or Medium ranking in Section 5.1 (other than CBRNE threats due to their potentially serious impacts) were considered in this mitigation planning process. Though Pandemic Disease received a “High” Overall Significance rating (The criteria consistently fall in the high classifications and the event is likely/highly likely to occur with severe strength over a significant to extensive portion of the planning area.), the HMPG determined this hazard’s “Occasional” Probability of Future Events rating (1 to 10 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 11 to 100 years.), and input from HAZUS Data Evaluations, Vulnerability Assessments, Hazard Seminar Series, Subject Matter Experts and the public did not necessitate this hazard to be included in this plan’s final list of prioritized hazards. The table below gives a brief description of remaining, omitted hazards and the reason for their exclusion: Page 275 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 85 TABLE 13: HAZARD OMISSION Hazard Description Reason for Exclusion Avalanche A mass of snow moving down a slope. There are two basic elements to a slide; a steep, snow-covered slope and a trigger Snowfall in County mountains not significant; poses very minor threat compared to other hazards Expansive Soils Expansive soils shrink when dry and swell when wet. This movement can exert enough pressure to crack sidewalks, driveways, basement floors, pipelines and even foundations Presents a minor threat to limited portions of the County Hail Can occur during thunderstorms that bring heavy rains, strong winds, hail, lightning, and tornadoes Occurs during severe thunderstorms; most likely to occur in the central and southern states; no historical record of this hazard in the region. Subsidence Occurs when large amounts of ground water have been withdrawn from certain types of rocks, such as fine-grained sediments. The rock compacts because the water is partly responsible for holding the ground up. When the water is withdrawn, the rocks fall in on themselves. Soils in the County are mostly granitic. Presents a minor threat to limited parts of the county. No historical record of this hazard in the region. Lightning Lightning is defined by the NWS as any and all of the various forms of visible electrical discharge caused by thunderstorms. The US National Centers for Environmental Information reports that the County averages only three days of lightning a year, making it a minor threat compared to other hazards. Tornado A tornado is a violent windstorm characterized by a twisting, funnel- shaped cloud. It is spawned by a thunderstorm (or sometimes because of a hurricane) and produced when cool air overrides a layer of warm air, forcing the warm air to rise rapidly. The damage from a tornado is a result of the high wind velocity and wind-blown debris. Less than one tornado event occurs in the entire State of California in any given year; poses very minor threat compared to other hazards. No historical record of this hazard in the region. Hurricane Hurricanes, tropical storms, nor’easters and typhoons, also classified as cyclones, include any closed circulation developing around a low-pressure center in which the winds rotate counter- clockwise in the northern hemisphere (or clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere) and whose diameter averages 10 to 30 miles across. A tropical cyclone refers to any such Prevailing winds take hurricane tracks westward off of Northern Baja and the few that may drift further north dissipate in the colder offshore waters and become rainmakers rather than causing destructive winds. Page 276 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 86 Hazard Description Reason for Exclusion circulation that develops over tropical waters. Volcano A volcano is a mountain that is built up by an accumulation of lava, ash flows, and airborne ash and dust. When pressure from gases and the molten rock within the volcano becomes strong enough to cause an explosion, eruptions occur No active volcanoes in San Diego County. No historical record of this hazard in the region. Severe Wind Severe wind is commonly associated with severe thunderstorm winds, severe winter storms (exceeding 58 mph) and tornadoes. Maximum sustained wind speed recorded in the region is less than 60 miles per hour and would not be expected to cause major damage or injury. 5.1.2. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION SOURCES Once the hazards of concern for San Diego County were determined, the available data was collected, using sources including the internet, direct communication with various agencies, discussions with in-house experts, and historical records. Specific sources included the United States Geological Survey (USGS), California Geological Survey (CGS), Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) HAZUS, FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM), United States Forest Service (USFS), California Department of Forestry – Fire and Resource Assessment Program (CDF-FRAP), National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), San Diego Geographic Information Source (SanGIS), San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG), San Diego County Flood Control District, Southern California Earthquake Data Center (SCEDC), California Seismic Safety Commission (CSSC), California Integrated Seismic Network (CISN), California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG), Drought Outlook websites, and input gat hered from local jurisdictions districts and agencies. When necessary, agencies were contacted to ensure the most updated data was obtained and used. Historical landmark locations throughout the County were obtained from the National Register and from the San Diego Historical Resources Board. 5.2. ALL HAZARD PROFILES A hazard profile is a description of the physical characteristics of a hazard and a determination of various hazard descriptors, including magnitude, duration, frequency, probability, and extent. The hazard data that was collected in the hazard identification process were mapped to determine the geographic extent of the hazards in each jurisdiction in the County and the level of risk associated with each hazard. Because Nuclear Materials Release, Hazardous Materials Release, and Terrorism hazards are sensitive issues and release of information could pose further unnecessary threat, the HMPG decided that each of these hazards would be further profiled and assessed in a separate, “For Official Use Only” Appendix and would be exempt from public distribution and disclosure by Section 6254 (99) of the California Government Code (Planning Partners, see separate FOUO Attachment A). Most hazards were given a risk level of high, medium, or low depending on several factors unique to the hazard. The hazards identified and profiled for San Diego County, as well as the data used to profile each hazard are presented in this section. The hazards are presented in alphabetical order; and this does not signify level of importance to the HMPG. The final list of prioritized hazards to be profiled for San Diego County was determined as Climate Change, Dam Failure, Drought, Earthquake/Liquefaction, Extreme Heat, Flood, Human Caused Hazards (Terrorism Page 277 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 87 & Hazardous Material Incidents (CBRNE Threats)), Rain-Induced Landslide, Sea Level Rise/ Coastal Storms/Erosion, Tsunami, and Wildfire. A comprehensive list of hazards that are possible in San Diego County is detailed in the next subsection (in alphabetical order). Planning Partners should refer to the existing, For Official Use Only (FOUO) Threat and Hazard Identification Risk Assessment (THIRA) for hazard ranking information. TABLE 14: HAZARD PROFILES Hazard Data Collected for Hazard Identification Justification for Inclusion Climate Change • National Climate Assessment • Scripps Institution of Oceanography • California Environmental Protection Agency and Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment • Sea levels measured at a station in La Jolla have risen at a rate of 6 inches over the last century • In north San Diego County, there have been a number of significant cliff failures in recent years Dam Failure • FEMA-HAZUS • Dam Inundation Data (SanGIS) • San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA) (Olivenhain Dam) • FEMA FIRM maps • Topography (SANDAG) • FEMA Hazards website • Dam failure • 58 dams exist throughout San Diego County • Many dams over 30 years old • Increased downstream development Drought • California Department of Water Resources • San Diego County Water Authority • Statewide multiple year droughts have occurred numerous times since 1976 Earthquake • USGS • CGS • URS • CISN • SanGIS • SANDAG • FEMA-HAZUS 99 • FEMA Hazards website • Several active fault zones pass through San Diego County Liquefaction • Soil-Slip Susceptibility (USGS) • FEMA-HAZUS MH • FEMA Hazards website • Steep slopes or alluvial deposit soils in low-lying areas are susceptible to liquefaction during earthquakes or heavy rains. San Diego County terrain has both of these characteristics and lies within several active earthquake zones. Extreme Heat • Spatial Hazard Events and Losses Database for the United States • There have been 52 heat events in San Diego County since 2013 Flood • FEMA FIRM Maps • Topography • Base flood elevations (FEMA) • Historical flood records • Much of San Diego County is located within the 100-year floodplain Page 278 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 88 Hazard Data Collected for Hazard Identification Justification for Inclusion • San Diego County Water Authority • San Diego County Dept. of Sanitation and Flood Control • FEMA Hazards website • Flash floods and other flood events occur regularly during rainstorms due to terrain and hydrology of San Diego County • There have been multiple Proclaimed States of Emergency between 1950-2019 for floods in San Diego County Human-Caused Hazards: (Hazardous Materials Release) • County of San Diego Dept. of Environmental Health, Hazardous Materials Division • San Diego County has several facilities that handle or process hazardous materials • Heightened security concerns since September 2001 Human-Caused Hazards: (Nuclear Materials Release/CBRNE Threats) • San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS) and Department of Defense • The potential exists for an accidental release of radioactive material stored at San Onofre or from nuclear ships in San Diego Bay • Heightened security concerns since September 2001 Human-Caused Hazards: (Terrorism/Cyber- Terrorism) • County of San Diego Environmental Health Department Hazardous Materials Division • The federal and state governments have advised every jurisdiction to consider the terrorism hazard • Heightened security concerns since September 2001 Rain-Induced Landslide • USGS • CGS • Tan Map Series • Steep slope data (SANDAG) • Soil Series Data (SANDAG) • FEMA-HAZUS • FEMA Hazards website • NEH • Steep slopes within earthquake zones characterize San Diego County, which creates landslide risk. • There have been two Proclaimed States of Emergency for landslides in San Diego County Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms/Erosion • Historical Coastlines (NOAA) • Shoreline Erosion Assessment (SANDAG) • FEMA FIRM Maps • FEMA Hazards website • Coastal Zone Boundary (CALTRANS) • National Research Council’s Report on Sea Level Rise in California, Oregon, and Washington: Past, Present and Future • Sea Level Rise Adaptation Strategy for the San Diego Bay • Sea levels measured at a station in La Jolla have risen at a rate of 6 inches over the last century • Coastline stabilization measures have been implemented at various times in the past (erosion) • Extensive development along the coast Severe Winter Weather • NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information Storm Events Database • Severe winter storms have caused damage in the County and can lead to immobility and loss of utilities. Page 279 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 89 Hazard Data Collected for Hazard Identification Justification for Inclusion Heavy rain can have significant impacts, including flash flooding and mudslides. Tsunami • Historical Coastlines (NOAA) • Shoreline Erosion Assessment (SANDAG) • Maximum Tsunami Run up Projections (USCA OES) • FEMA FIRM Maps • FEMA Hazards website • Coastal Zone Boundary (CALTRANS) • Tsunamis and their Occurrence along the San Diego County Coast (report, Westinghouse Ocean Research Laboratory) • Tsunami (article, Scientific American) • National Research Council’s Report on Sea Level Rise in California, Oregon and Washington: Past, Present and Future • Sea Level Rise Adaptation Strategy for the San Diego Bay • Sea levels measured at a station in La Jolla have risen at a rate of 6 inches over the last century • Coastline stabilization measures have been implemented at various times in the past (erosion) • Extensive development along the coast Wildfire • CDF-FRAP • USFS • CDFG • Topography • Local Fire Agencies • Historical fire records • FEMA Hazards website • San Diego County experiences wildfires on a regular basis • Twelve States of Emergency were declared for wildfires between 1950-2020 • Terrain and climate of San Diego • Santa Ana Winds Page 280 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 90 5.2.1. CLIMATE CHANGE Nature of Hazard Climate change is not a hazard in and of itself, but rather is a factor that could affect the location, extent, probability of occurrence, and magnitude of climate-related hazards. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increased global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level.89F89F89F 90 The overwhelming majority of climate scientists agree that human activities, especially burning of fossil fuels, are responsible for most of the global warming observed.90F90F90F 91 The Scripps Institution of Oceanography planning partners define Climate Change as any systematic change in the long-term statistics of climate elements and weather events (such as temperature, pressure, or winds) sustained over several decades or longer.91F91F91F 92 Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions, and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.92F92F92F 93 Disaster History More historical information, provided by Scripps Institution of Oceanography (University of California, San Diego), is detailed in the respective Vulnerability Assessment section of this plan. Climate change impacts are already impacting the region especially as it relates to temperature and extreme heat. Recent weather and climate impacts provide a fingerprint of climate change impacts in San Diego County. These include terrestrial floods, coast sea level extremes, erosion and wave damage, heat waves, and wildfires, such as the 2003 and 2007 conflagrations. Compound extremes should be considered, such as the wildfire-followed-by flood and debris flow event that occurred in Montecito/Santa Barbara County in 2017. Hazard Impacts The most vulnerable populations to impacts from extreme events are those who inhabit locations with greatest or most unusual physical effects, those who lack resources, who are uninsured, who are socially isolated, or have already compromised health. Coastal regions are vulnerable to oceanic flooding and the increasing occurrence of heat waves, whose temperatures are likely lower than in inland regions but rarely occurred historically. However, the health impacts of less intense heat waves on those living in the coastal zone may be more severe than elsewhere in the county because the population is less acclimated to the heat. Neighborhoods with less access to air conditioning and natural shading from vegetation are more susceptible to extreme heat. 90 IPCC, 2013: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. 91 Ibid 92 https://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Climate_change 93 https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/chapter/glossary/ Page 281 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 91 Implementing appropriate warnings and communication or extremes such as heatwaves and/or smoke from wildfires, and developing responses to prepare for these extremes is critically important, especially in the most vulnerable communities. To move forward, the region can assess current measures, such as cooling centers to take refuge from extreme heat, urban greening, residential and commercial structure fire resistance and community fire mitigation and escape routes. Other ways to prevent and mitigate further impacts include: • Testing and monitoring adaptation strategies. Such efforts include the Cardiff Dunes to mitigate coastal flooding. • Identifying thresholds to determine when it may be necessary to relocate or redesign infrastructure. • Continual improvement of extreme forecasts to allow longer lead times to prepare for the extremes. The climate is projected to continue to change over this century and beyond.93F93F93F 94 The climate change factor is increasing risk for some natural hazards, and this assessment includes information about how risk will change into the future. By assessing ongoing changes in risk—in addition to the traditional practice of risk assessment based on observed hazard events—this plan’s hazard mitigation strategies can better reduce risk from hazards expected going forward. In general, to prepare and mitigate impacts of climate change, develop integrated multi-agency, multi-jurisdiction approach that uses best information, best practices, and considers the needs of under-resourced, disadvantaged communities and individuals. Location & Extent/Probability of Occurrence & Magnitude According to the Scripps Institution of Oceanography planning partners, Climate Change effects such as heat waves, wildfire, and floods will occur unevenly across San Diego County. Climate change will occur throughout San Diego County, but the expression of climate change will differ across the complex landscape of the region depending on the type of event, e.g., heat, flooding, drought, or wildfire. Heat waves and wildfire will likely have greatest magnitude over inland regions, and runoff from heavy rainfall will be concentrated in stream channels. Greenhouse gas mitigation remains important as observations, modeling, and physical principles show conclusively that the accumulation of anthropogenic greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere has driven the rapid warming observed globally over several decades (the last two decades in particular). Because: • greenhouse gasses such as CO2 have long, several decade lifetimes • the earth system is still not equilibrated (still warming) to the increased greenhouse gasses already resident in the atmosphere • global society’s fossil fuel (burns carbon, releases CO2) economy is difficult to replace so further accumulation of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere is inevitable, the Earth’s atmosphere, ocean, land, and ice will warm further. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is thus a critical immediate and long-range mitigation action (e.g., Franco et al., 2018). The probability of Climate Change occurrence in the entire planning area is “Highly Likely”, meaning 90 to 100 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of less than 1 year. Climate change is virtually certain to continue without immediate and effective global action. According to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the past eight years have collectively been the warmest years since modern recordkeeping began in 1880. Without significant 94 Walsh, J., D. Wuebbles, K. Hayhoe, J. Kossin, K. Kunkel, G. Stephens, P. Thorne, R. Vose, M. Wehner, J. Willis, D. Anderson, S. Doney, R. Feely, P. Hennon, V. Kharin, T. Knutson, F. Landerer, T. Lenton, J. Kennedy, and R. Somerville, 2014: Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate. Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment, J. M. Melillo, Terese (T.C.) Richmond, and G. W. Yohe, Eds., U.S. Global Change Research Program, 19-67. doi:10.7930/J0KW5CXT. Page 282 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 92 global action to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the IPCC concludes in its Fifth Assessment Synthesis Report (2014) that average global temperatures are likely to exceed 1.5°C by the end of the 21st century, with consequences for people, assets, economies and ecosystems (including risks from heat stress, storms and extreme precipitation, inland and coastal flooding, landslides, air pollution, drought, water scarcity, sea level rise and storm surges).94F94F94F 95 5.2.2. DAM FAILURE Nature of Hazard Dam failures can result in severe flood events. When a dam fails, a large quantity of water is suddenly released with a great potential to cause human casualties, economic loss, lifeline disruption, and environmental damage. A dam failure is usually the result of age, poor design, or structural damage caused by a major event such as an earthquake or flood. Disaster History Two major dam failures, during a single event, have been recorded in San Diego County. The Hatfield Flood of 1916 caused the failure of both the Sweetwater Main and Lower Otay Dams; resulting in 22 deaths. Most of those deaths were attributed to the failure of Lower Otay Dam (County of San Diego Sanitation and Flood Control, 2002). At the time of this plan’s publication, there were not any reported dam failures in the planning area within the past five years. Hazard Impacts Water released by a failed dam generates tremendous energy and can cause a flood that is catastrophic to life and property. A catastrophic dam failure could challenge local response capabilities and require evacuations to save lives. Impacts to life safety will depend on the warning time and the resources available to notify and evacuate the public. Major loss of life could result as well as potentially catastrophic effects to roads, bridges, and homes. Electric generating facilities and transmission lines could also be damaged and affect life support systems in communities outside the immediate hazard area. Associated water supply, water quality and health concerns could also be an issue. Factors that influence the potential severity of a full or partial dam failure are the amount of water impounded; the density, type, and value of development and infrastructure located downstream; and the speed of failure. A major dam failure could have a devastating impact on the San Diego County Planning Area. Dam failure flooding presents a threat to life and property, including buildings, their contents, and their use. Large flood events can affect crops and livestock as well as lifeline critical utilities (e.g., water, sewerage, and power), transportation, jobs, tourism, the environment, and the local and regional economies. Flooding, including that from dam failure, causes many impacts to agricultural production, including water contamination, damage to crops, loss of livestock, increased susceptibility of livestock to disease, flooded farm machinery, and environmental damage to and from agricultural chemicals. Location & Extent/Probability of Occurrence & Magnitude The figure below displays the locations and extent of dam failure hazard areas for the County of San Diego. Dam failures are rated as one of the major “low-probability, high-loss” events: 95 https://resources.ca.gov/Initiatives/Building-Climate-Resilience/2021-State-Adaptation-Strategy-Update Page 283 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 93 F IGURE 1: MAP O F S AN DIEGO COUNTY DAM INUNDATION AREAS F IGURE 1: MAP OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY DAM INUNDATION AREAS Page 284 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 94 Dam inundation map data was used to profile dam failure risk levels. These maps were created by agencies that own and operate dams. The County Office of Emergency Services (County OES) obtained this data from SanGIS, a local GIS data repository. The dam inundation map layers show areas that would be flooded in the event of a dam failure. If an area lies within a dam inundation zone, it was considered at high risk. A dam is characterized as high hazard if it stores more than 1,000 acre-feet of water, is higher than 150 feet tall, has potential for downstream property damage, and potential for downstream evacuation. Ratings are set by FEMA and confirmed with site visits by engineers. A simple way to define high risk of dam failure is if failure of the dam is likely to result in loss of human life. Most dams in the County are greater than 50 years old and are characterized by increased hazard potential due to downstream development and increased risk due to structural deterioration in inadequate spillway capacity (Unified San Diego County Emergency Services Organization Operational Area Emergency Plan, 2014). The County remains at risk to dam failures from numerous dams under a variety of ownership and control and of varying ages and conditions. Given the number, age and types of dams in San Diego County and the history of past uncontrolled releases of water from dams, the potential exists for future dam issues in the planning area. Though the probability of future occurrence of dam failure at mapped dam locations above is “Likely” to “Unlikely” (Less than 1 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of greater than every 100 years), the HAZUS Data Evaluations, Vulnerability Assessments, Hazard Seminar Series, and input from Subject Matter Experts and the public determined this hazard’s Overall Significance rating is “Medium”, meaning the criteria falls mostly in the middle ranges of classifications and the event’s impacts on the planning area are noticeable but not devastating. This rating is sometimes used for hazards with a high extent rating but very low probability rating. Climate Change Considerations The most extreme events are going to become more extreme regarding climate change effects. These events are primarily atmospheric rivers and will become more so in the future based on global climate models (Gershunov et al., 2019). The increase in extreme precipitation will increase the risk of dam failure. The highest priority mitigation actions to reduce Climate Change impacts on this hazard should include conducting dam safety and emergency spill operations. 5.2.3. DROUGHT Nature of the Hazard Drought is a slow-onset hazard that can last for months or years. As a hazard, it has the potential to impact many aspects of life, including drinking water and food. Because of the long duration of droughts, the impacts last for years and can ripple through a community over time. Severe droughts are projected for the coming decades and may increase incidences of other events, like wildfires. Drought will affect the viability of communities and the economy across the nation.95F95F95F 96 Warming temperatures statewide could result in reduced water supply for the San Diego region. The State Water Project and Colorado River provide 75% to 95% of the water supply for the San Diego region, depending on the year.96F96F96F 97 Both of these water supplies originate in mountain snowpack. Over the past 50 years across most of the Southwest, there has been less late-winter precipitation falling as snow, earlier 96 https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/2020-06/drought-planning-fact-sheet_10-4-16.pdf 97 Ibid. Page 285 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 95 snowmelt, and earlier arrival of most of the year’s streamflow.97F97F97F 98 Projections of further warming will result in reduced snowpack, which could translate into reduced water supply for the San Diego region’s cities, agriculture, and ecosystems.98F98F98F 99 In fact, studies indicate that San Diego’s sources of water could shrink by 20 percent or more by 2050.99F99F99F 100 An additional threat to water supply is the vulnerability of the levees protecting the California Delta, which feeds the State Water Project.100F100F100F 101 According to the California Adaptation Planning Guide, jurisdictions in the San Diego region must carefully consider the vulnerability of their water supply.101F101F101F 102 Local water managers also report that higher temperatures could lead to increased demand for water for irrigation. Water shortages could become more frequent and more severe in the future, straining the local economy. The potential for drought in San Diego is highly likely. Disaster History The depression era drought of 1929-1934 was the worst drought in California’s history. Its impact was felt statewide. At that time, San Diego was self-sufficient, relying on local water supplies. The region would not begin to import water until 1947. The drought of 1987-1992 was extremely severe and resulted in the Metropolitan Water District ordered a 50% reduction in water use. The San Diego County Water Authority considered banning outdoor water use. The rains of “Miracle March” in 1991 replenished rivers, reservoirs, and the Sierra snowpack. A drought occurred in 2007 and lasted until 2011. Then, another drought began in 2012 just ended in 2017, following a series of winter storms that brought heavy rainfall to the state. The proclamation was extended again on July 8, 2021, amid deepening drought and record-breaking temperatures. The Governor requested Californians to voluntarily reduce water use by 15% to protect water reserves if drought conditions continue. On April 21, 2021, California Governor Newsom, proclaimed a drought emergency, which enables state response to water supply shortfalls where conditions are extremely dry. This drought emergency proclamation was expanded to include new counties on May 10, 2021. By October 19, 2021, the Governor expanded the drought emergency proclamation to include San Diego County and seven other counties, which were the last of the 58 California counties to be included in the drought emergency proclamation. On March 28, 2022, the Governor prompted local water suppliers, at the local level, to move to Level 2 of their Water Shortage Contingency Plans, which “requires locally appropriate actions that will conserve water across all sectors, and he directed the State Water Resources Control Board to consider a ban decorative watering at businesses and institutions.102F102F102F 103 Although key improvements have been made since 2016, California is still experiencing drought conditions. Hazard Impacts As extreme drought periods become more frequent, the increase in slow, or chronic drought periods can cause long term and indirect health effects on people. Potential health effects include “compromised quantity and quality of drinking water, increased recreational risks, effects on air quality, diminished living conditions related to energy, air quality, and sanitation and hygiene, mental health effects related to economic and job losses, compromised food and nutrition and increased incidence of illness and disease” (Centers for Disease Control, 2022). 98 Garfin, G., G. Franco, H. Blanco, A. Comrie, P. Gonzalez, T. Piechota, R. Smyth, and R. Waskom, 2014: Ch. 20: Southwest. Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment, J. M. Melillo, Terese (T.C.) Richmond, and G. W. Yohe, Eds., U.S. Global Change Research Program, 462-486. doi:10.7930/J08G8HMN. 99 California Adaptation Planning Guide, Understanding Regional Characteristics (2012) 100 San Diego’s Changing Climate: A Regional Wake-Up Call. A Summary of the Focus 2050 Study Presented by The San Diego Foundation. 101 California Adaptation Planning Guide, Understanding Regional Characteristics (2012) 102 Ibid. 103 https://drought.ca.gov/state-drought-response/ Page 286 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 96 103F103F103F Severe droughts are projected for the coming decades and may increase incidences of other events like wildfires, which are threats to people, structures, and other community assets. Areas in unincorporated San Diego County that are dependent on groundwater resources for potable and non-potable water supplies often receive water from small water systems or domestic wells. While these areas are located outside of San Diego County Water Authority’s service area and do not have access to imported water, there is still the potential risk of drought and water shortage resulting in reduced capacity and/or dry wells. To facilitate drought and water shortage preparedness for state small water systems and domestic wells, County Planning & Development Services in collaboration with County Department of Environmental Health and Quality provides an opportunity for communicating and maintains a list of resources to assist residents and communities facing a risk of water shortage. Drought resources can be found at: https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/pds/SGMA.html. Location & Extent/Probability of Occurrence & Magnitude In an arid region such as San Diego County, the probability of recurring droughts with severity is “Highly Likely”. Historical drought data for the County Planning Area and San Diego County indicate there have been five significant multi-year droughts over the last 93 years. This equates to a multi-year drought every 18.6 years on average, or a 5.4% chance of a drought in any given year. Based on this data, droughts will likely affect the Planning Area. Given the historical occurrence of severe drought impacts throughout San Diego County and across the State, drought is expected to continue to pose a high degree of risk to the entire Planning Area, potentially impacting crops, livestock, water resources, the natural environment at large, buildings and infrastructure (from cascading or compound hazards), and local economies. A U.S. Drought Monitor, using the Palmer Drought Severity Index, can be found below and at http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/: Page 287 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 97 Page 288 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 98 Climate Change Considerations Although there is a lot of variability, projections indicate that there will be longer and more frequent drought that will be punctuated by extreme precipitation. The evaporative demand (atmospheric thirst) is an important component in driving the extent of future droughts (McEvoy et al, 2020). Drought can increase wildfire risk and lead to fine fuel regrowth after a fire. This type of vegetation is more susceptible to fires, creating a feedback cycle. Extreme drought has the potential to intensify and change community composition and structure of ecosystems. Drought has severe consequences because it operates at spatial scales larger than other disturbances such as fire (Jennings et al., 2018). The highest priority mitigation actions to reduce Climate Change impacts on this hazard should include water supply reliability that originates from a diversity of water supplies and conservation planning that addresses the impacts of drought on ecosystems. 5.2.4. EARTHQUAKE Nature of the Hazard An earthquake is a sudden motion or trembling that is caused by a release of strain accumulated within or along the edge of the Earth's tectonic plates. The effects of an earthquake can be felt far beyond the site of its occurrence. They usually occur without warning and, after just a few seconds, can cause massive damage and extensive casualties. Common effects of earthquakes are ground motion and shaking, surface fault ruptures, and ground failure. Ground motion is the vibration or shaking of the ground during an earthquake. When a fault ruptures, seismic waves radiate, causing the ground to vibrate. The severity of the vibration increases with the amount of energy released and decreases with distance from the causative fault or epicenter. Soft soils can further amplify ground motions. The severity of these effects is dependent on the amount of energy released from the fault or epicenter. One way to express an earthquake's severity is to compare its acceleration to the normal acceleration due to gravity. The acceleration due to gravity is often called "g". A 100% g earthquake is very severe. More damage tends to occur from earthquakes when ground acceleration is rapid. Peak ground acceleration (PGA) is a measure of the strength of ground movement. PGA measures the rate in change of motion relative to the established rate of acceleration due to gravity (980 cm/sec/sec). PGA is used to project the risk of damage from future earthquakes by showing earthquake ground motions that have a specified probability (10%, 5%, or 2%) of being exceeded in 50 years. These ground motion values are used for reference in construction design for earthquake resistance. The ground motion values can also be used to assess relative hazard between sites, when making economic and safety decisions. Another tool used to describe earthquake intensity is the Richter scale. The Richter scale was devised as a means of rating earthquake strength and is an indirect measure of seismic energy released. The scale is logarithmic with each one-point increase corresponding to a 10-fold increase in the amplitude of the seismic shock waves generated by the earthquake. In terms of actual energy released, however, each one-point increase on the Richter scale corresponds to about a 32-fold increase in energy released. Therefore, a magnitude (M) 7 earthquake is 100 times (10 X 10) more powerful than a M5 earthquake and releases 1,024 times (32 X 32) the energy. An earthquake generates different types of seismic shock waves that travel outward from the focus or point of rupture on a fault. Seismic waves that travel through the earth's crust are called body waves and are divided into primary (P) and secondary (S) waves. Because P waves move faster (1.7 times) than S waves they arrive at the seismograph first. By measuring the time delay Page 289 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 99 between arrival of the P and S waves and knowing the distance to the epicenter, seismologists can compute the Richter scale magnitude for the earthquake. The Modified Mercalli Scale (MMI) is another means for rating earthquakes, but one that attempts to quantify intensity of ground shaking. Intensity under this scale is a function of distance from the epicenter (the closer to the epicenter the greater the intensity), ground acceleration, duration of ground shaking, and degree of structural damage. This rates the level of severity of an earthquake by the amount of damage and perceived shaking, as displayed in the table below: TABLE 15: MODIFIED MERCALLI SCALE MMI Value Description of Shaking Severity Summary Damage Description Used on 1995 Maps Full Description I. Not felt II. Felt by persons at rest, on upper floors, or favorably placed. III. Felt indoors. Hanging objects swing. Vibration like passing of light trucks. Duration estimated. May not be recognized as an earthquake. IV. Hanging objects swing. Vibration like passing of heavy trucks; or sensation of a jolt like a heavy ball striking the walls. Standing motorcars rock. Windows, dishes, doors rattle. In the upper range of IV, wooden walls and frame creak. V. Light Pictures Move Felt outdoors; direction estimated. Sleepers wakened. Liquids disturbed, some spilled. Small unstable objects displaced or upset. Doors swing, close, open. Shutters, pictures move. Pendulum clock stop, start, change rate. VI. Moderate Objects Fall Felt by all. Many frightened and run outdoors. Persons walk unsteadily. Windows, dishes, glassware broken. Knickknacks, books, etc., off shelves. Pictures off walls. Furniture moved or overturned. Weak plaster and masonry D cracked. VII. Strong Nonstructural Damage Difficult to stand. Noticed by drivers of motorcars. Hanging objects quiver. Furniture broken. Damage to masonry D, including cracks. Weak chimneys broken at roofline. Fall of plaster, loose bricks, stones, tiles, cornices. Some cracks in masonry C. Small slides and caving in along sand or gravel banks. Concrete irrigation ditches damaged. Page 290 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 100 MMI Value Description of Shaking Severity Summary Damage Description Used on 1995 Maps Full Description VIII. Very Strong Moderate Damage Steering of motorcars affected. Damage to masonry C, partial collapse. Some damage to masonry B; none to masonry A. Fall of stucco and some masonry walls. Twisting, fall of chimneys, factory stacks, monuments, towers, and elevated tanks. Frame houses moved on foundations if not bolted down; loose panel walls thrown out. Cracks in wet ground and on steep slopes. IX. Very Violent Extreme Damage Most masonry and frame structures destroyed with their foundations. Some well-built wooden structures and bridges destroyed. Serious damage to dams, dikes, embankments. Large landslides. Water thrown on banks of canals, rivers, lakes, etc. Sand and mud shifted horizontally on beaches and flat land. X. Rails bent greatly. Underground pipelines completely out of services. XI. Damage nearly total. Large rock masses displaced. Lines of sight and level distorted. Objects thrown into air. Several major active faults exist in San Diego County, including the Rose Canyon, La Nacion, Elsinore, San Jacinto, Coronado Bank and San Clemente Fault Zones. The Rose Canyon Fault Zone is part of the Newport-Inglewood fault zone, which originates to the north in Los Angeles, and the Vallecitos and San Miguel Fault Systems to the south in Baja California. The Rose Canyon Fault extends inland from La Jolla Cove, south through Rose Canyon, along the east side of Mission Bay, and out into San Diego Bay. The Rose Canyon Fault is considered the greatest potential threat to San Diego as a region, due to its proximity to areas of high population. The La Nacion Fault Zone is located near National City and Chula Vista. The Elsinore Fault Zone is a branch of the San Andreas Fault System. It originates near downtown Los Angeles and enters San Diego County through the communities of Rainbow and Pala; it then travels in a southeasterly direction through Lake Henshaw, Santa Ysabel, Julian; then down into Anza-Borrego Desert State Park at Agua Caliente Springs, ending at Ocotillo, approximately 40 miles east of downtown. The San Jacinto Fault is also a branch of the San Andreas Fault System. This fault branches off from the major fault as it passes through the San Bernardino Mountains. Traveling southeasterly, the fault passes through Clark Valley, Borrego Springs, Ocotillo Wells, and then east toward El Centro in Imperial County. This fault is the most active large fault within County of San Diego. The Coronado Bank fault is located about 10 miles offshore. The San Clemente Fault lies about 40 miles off La Jolla and is the largest offshore fault at 110 miles or more in length (Unified San Diego County Emergency Services Organization Operational Area Emergency Plan, 2014). Page 291 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 101 Disaster History Historic documents record a very strong earthquake struck San Diego on May 27, 1862; damaging buildings in Old Town and opening cracks in the earth near the San Diego River mouth. This destructive earthquake was centered on either the Rose Canyon or Coronado Bank faults and descriptions of damage suggest that it had a magnitude of about 6.0 (M6). The strongest recently recorded earthquake in San Diego County was a M5.3 earthquake that occurred on July 13,1986 on the Coronado Bank Fault, 25 miles west of Solana Beach. In recent years there have been several moderate earthquakes recorded within the Rose Canyon Fault Zone as it passes beneath the City of San Diego. Three temblors shook the city on 17 June 1985 (M3.9, 4.0, 3.9) and a stronger quake occurred on 28 October 1986 (M4.7) (Demere, SDNHM website 2003). The most recent significant earthquake activity occurred on June 15, 2004 with a M5.3 on the San Diego Trough Fault Zone approximately 50 miles SW of San Diego. It was reported as an IV on the MMI (Southern California Seismic Network). At the time of this plan’s publication, there were not any significant earthquakes in the planning area within the past five years. Hazard Impacts The effects of an earthquake can be felt far beyond the site of its occurrence. They usually occur without warning and, after just a few seconds, can cause massive damage and extensive casualties. After a major seismic event it is possible that San Diego County could experience damage to transportation infrastructure, that would disrupt the flow of goods and services. A majority of the community members within the County are potentially exposed to the direct and indirect impacts of a major earthquake. Indirect impacts can include but are not limited to, business interruptions, road closures, loss of utilities, and transportation disruptions. Direct impacts can include, but are not limited to, minor or major structure damage, downed trees, and injury or loss of life. Environmental problems can result as a secondary hazard after a major earthquake. Earthquake induced landslides could cause damage to the surrounding habitat, and water quality can be affected if moving earth comes in contact with a water source. Facilities holding hazardous materials are of particular concern. During a major earthquake, structures storing these materials could rupture and leak into the surrounding area or an adjacent waterway, having a disastrous effect on the environment. Location & Extent/Probability of Occurrence & Magnitude The figures below display the location and extent of the profiled earthquake hazard areas for San Diego County: Page 292 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 102 FIGURE 2: MAP OF SAN D IEGO C OUNTY S AN J ACINTO FAULT EARTHQUAKE S CENARIO Page 293 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 103 F IGURE 3: M AP O F S AN DIEGO COUNTY ELSINORE F AULT EARTHQUAKE SCENARIO Page 294 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 104 Figure 2: Map Of San Diego County Rose Canyon Fault Earthquake Scenario FIGURE 4: MAP OF SAN D IEGO C OUNTY ROSE CANYON F AULT EARTHQUAKE S CENARIO Page 295 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 105 This is based on a United States Geological Survey (USGS) earthquake model that shows probabilistic peak ground acceleration for every location in San Diego County. Since 1984, earthquake activity in San Diego County has increased twofold over the preceding 50 years (Demere, SDNHM website 2003). All buildings that have been built in recent decades must adhere to building codes that require them to be able to withstand earthquake magnitudes that create a PGA of 0.4 or greater. Ongoing field and laboratory studies suggest the following maximum likely magnitudes for local faults: San Jacinto (M6.4 to 7.3), Elsinore (M6.5 to 7.3), Rose Canyon (M6.2 to 7.0), La Nacion (M6.2 to 6.6), Coronado Bank (M6.0 to 7.7), and San Clemente (M6.6 to 7.7) (Demere, SDNHM website 2003). Data used to profile earthquake hazard included probabilistic PGA data from USGS and a Scenario Earthquake Shake map for Rose Canyon from the California Integrated Seismic Network (CISN). From these data, the Hazard Mitigation Planning Group (HMPG) determined that risk level for earthquake is determined to be high if an area lies within a 0.3 or greater PGA designation. Earthquakes were modeled using HAZUS-MH, which uses base information to derive probabilistic peak ground accelerations much like the PGA map from USGS that was used for the profiling process. It is estimated that major earthquakes (ranging from a magnitude of 7 to 7.9) occur in California one out of every 10 years. However, strong earthquakes (from magnitudes 6 to 6.9) strike the State about once every two to three years. A strong earthquake can cause major damage depending on the epicenter’s location with regards to populated areas, and can lead to billions of dollars in disasters, deaths, injuries, and disruptions in services and communities’ way of life. The United States Geological Survey estimates a 75% probability of one or more magnitude 7.0 earthquakes striking Southern California over a 30-year period. The probability of an earthquake in the San Diego region is considered somewhat “Likely”, meaning 10 to 90 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 1 to 10 years. Climate Change Considerations Not applicable. 5.2.5. EXTREME HEAT Nature of the Hazard In most of the United States, including the entire planning area, extreme heat is a long period (2 to 3 days) of high heat and humidity with temperatures above 90 degrees.104F104F104F 105 Although extreme heat does not cause structural damage like floods, fires, and earthquakes, heat waves claim many lives due to heat exhaustion and heat stroke. According to a California Energy Commission Study, from 1994 to 2009, heat waves have claimed more lives in California than all declared disaster events combined.105F105F105F 106 Despite this history, not a single heat emergency was formally proclaimed at the state level or as a federal disaster between 1960 and 2008. The author of an account of a heat wave which killed 739 people in Chicago in July 1995 suggests that the hidden nature of social vulnerability combined with the inconspicuous nature of heat events (unlike floods, fires, and earthquakes) prevent them from being declared as legitimate disasters.106F106F106F 107 However, the California State Hazard Mitigation Plan considers extreme heat a legitimate disaster type.107F107F107F 108 105 https://community.fema.gov/ProtectiveActions/s/article/Extreme-Heat 106 Messner, Steven, Sandra C. Miranda, Karen Green, Charles Phillips, Joseph Dudley, Dan Cayan, Emily Young. Climate Change Related Impacts in the San Diego Region by 2050. PIER Research Report, CEC‐ 500‐2009‐027‐D, Sacramento, CA: California Energy Commission. 2009. 107 Klinenberg, Eric. Heat Wave: A Social Autopsy of Disaster in Chicago, The University of Chicago, 2002 108 Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (2013) California Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan Page 296 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 106 Disaster History Following the events of 2006, when there was a prolonged period of extreme heat across the state of California, San Diego County developed an Excessive Heat Preparedness and Response Plan.108F108F108F 109 According to weather.gov’s “A History of Significant Weather Events in Southern California Organized by Weather Type”, there have been nine Extreme Heat events between October 2017 and September 2022.110 During the first week of September 2020 “a major heat wave struck the region that in some ways and for some areas was unprecedented... Climate stations in El Cajon, Alpine and Escondido achieved their all-time highest temperatures on record for any day on 9.6”.111 According to NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Storm Events Database, between October 2017 and December 2022, Excessive Heat events occurred over a total of 36 days and resulted in 52 injuries and 2 deaths.112 According to the County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Public Health Services, “2021 Excessive Heat Response Plan Summary”, over the past nine years, the combined number of heat advisories and excessive heat warnings has generally increased, from 2013 through 2021. The highest numbers of Heat Alerts were issued in 2020 (20 [events]) and 2021 (16 [events]).113 Hazard Impacts Extreme heat is exacerbated by the “urban heat island effect”, whereby impervious surfaces, such as concrete and asphalt, absorb heat and result in greater warming in urban areas compared to rural areas. Urban heat islands exacerbate the public health impacts that heat waves have upon the more vulnerable populations. San Diego County has among the highest percentages of impervious surfaces in the states, 109 Messner, Steven, Sandra C. Miranda, Karen Green, Charles Phillips, Joseph Dudley, Dan Cayan, Emily Young. Climate Change Related Impacts in the San Diego Region by 2050. PIER Research Report, CEC‐500‐2009‐027‐D, Sacramento, CA: California Energy Commission. 2009. 110 https://www.weather.gov/media/sgx/documents/weatherhistory.pdf 111 https://www.weather.gov/media/sgx/documents/weatherhistory.pdf 112 https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/listevents.jsp?eventType=%28Z%29+Excessive+Heat&beginDate_mm=10&beginDate_dd=01&beginDate_yyy y=2017&endDate_mm=11&endDate_dd=30&endDate_yyyy=2022&county=SAN%2BDIEGO%3A73&hailfilter=0.00&tornfilter=0&windfilter=000&sort=D T&submitbutton=Search&statefips=6%2CCALIFORNIA 113 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/hhsa/programs/phs/ExtremeHeat/2021%20Annual%20Excessive%20Heat%20Report%20- %20FINAL.pdf Page 297 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 107 increasing the potential impacts of heat islands. In fact, Southern California’s urban centers are warming more rapidly than other parts of the state. Extreme heat events put vulnerable populations (such as older adults, children, people who are chronically ill, and people who work outside) at risk of heat-related illnesses and even death. Extreme heat events highlight the importance of thoughtful social vulnerability analysis. For example, socially isolated older adults are especially vulnerable. People who live in urban areas with high impervious surface coverage and no access to air conditioning are also especially vulnerable. Extreme heat also has secondary impacts, such as power outages and poor air quality. Heat events, and the increased use of air conditioning, can lead to power outages, which makes the events even more dangerous. Hotter temperatures may also lead to poorer air quality because ozone formation, a component of smog, increases with higher temperatures. The National Weather Service uses the heat index to illustrate what temperature feels like to the human body when relative humidity is combined with the air temperature, which is important for the human body’s comfort level: There is direct relationship between the air temperature and relative humidity and the heat index, meaning as the air temperature and relative humidity increase (decrease), the heat index increases (decreases). to determine the heat index using the chart above, you need to know the air temperature and the relative humidity. For example, if the air temperature is 100°F and the relative humidity is 55%, the heat index will be 124°F. When the relative humidity is low, the apparent temperature can actually be lower than the air temperature. It is important to note the heat index values in the chart above are for shady locations. If a person is exposed to direct sunlight, the heat index value can be increased by up to 15°F. As shown in the table below, heat indices meeting or exceeding 103°F can lead to dangerous heat disorders with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity in the heat:114 114 https://www.weather.gov/ama/heatindex Page 298 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 108 Classification Heat Index Effect on the body Caution 80°F - 90°F Fatigue possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity Extreme Caution 90°F - 103°F Heat stroke, heat cramps, or heat exhaustion possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity Danger 103°F - 124°F Heat cramps or heat exhaustion likely, and heat stroke possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity Extreme Danger 125°F or higher Heat stroke highly likely Location & Extent/Probability of Occurrence & Magnitude The entire planning area is facing an increase in the frequency, duration, and strength of heat waves in the coming decades. While greater warming is expected in inland areas, community members of coastal areas are vulnerable when the temperature spikes, because they are less accustomed to the heat, and they are less likely to have air conditioning. Research also indicates that heat waves are likely to become more humid in the future and with nighttime temperatures staying high, further stressing public health.109F109F109F 115 Extreme warm temperatures in the San Diego region mostly occur in July and August, but as climate warming takes hold, the occurrences of these events will likely begin in June and could continue to take place into September.110F110F110F 116 Over the past 15 years, the region has seen increasing temperatures, evidenced by an increased number of excessive Heat Alerts, which are initiated based on heat advisory and excessive heat warnings. Heat Alerts generally occur from May to September. From 2013 to 2021, 98 Heat Alerts were issued in the County of San Diego. This means that there is a 3% chance on any given day of an excessive Heat Alert occurring over the course of a year, which ranks future event of this hazard as “Highly Likely” to occur. The highest numbers of Heat Alerts were issued in 2020 (20) and 2021 (16). In 2021, the County of San Diego had 8 heat events, ranging from 2 to 8 days long, lasting a total of 36 days. National data on extreme heat can be found through Climate Data Online (CDO) at https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/cdo-web/. Climate Change Considerations An increase in the intensity, frequency and duration of extreme heat events is expected in the context of climate change. Furthermore, observations have shown, and projections indicate, that the flavor of extreme 115 Gershunov, A., and K. Guirguis (2012), California heat waves in the present and future, Geophysical Research Letters., 39, L18710 116 Messner, Steven, Sandra C. Miranda, Karen Green, Charles Phillips, Joseph Dudley, Dan Cayan, Emily Young. Climate Change Related Impacts in the San Diego Region by 2050. PIER Research Report, CEC‐500‐2009‐027‐D, Sacramento, CA: California Energy Commission. 2009. Page 299 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 109 heat events have and will continue to change with more and more humid heat events (that drive nighttime heat events) (Gershunov et al., 2009, Gershunov et al., 2012). The highest priority mitigation actions to reduce Climate Change impacts on this hazard should include preparation, with strong attention to weather forecasts and ready social services, infrastructure (e.g. Cooling Centers), and programs to support installation of air conditioning units in communities lacking access. 5.2.6. FLOOD Nature of the Hazard A flood occurs when excess water from snowmelt, rainfall, or storm surge accumulates and overflows onto a river’s bank or to adjacent floodplains. Floodplains are lowlands adjacent to rivers, lakes, and oceans that are subject to recurring floods. Most injuries and deaths from flood occur when people are swept away by flood currents, and property damage typically occurs as a result of inundation by sediment-filled water. Several factors determine the severity of floods, including rainfall intensity and duration. A large amount of rainfall over a short time span can result in flash flood conditions. A sudden thunderstorm or heavy rain, dam failure, or sudden spills can cause flash flooding. The National Weather Service’s definition of a flash flood is a flood occurring in a watershed where the time of travel of the peak of flow from one end of the watershed to the other is less than six hours. There are no watersheds in San Diego County that have a longer response time than six hours. In this county, flash floods range from the stereotypical wall of water to a gradually rising stream. The central and eastern portions of San Diego County are most susceptible to flash floods where mountain canyons, dry creek beds, and high deserts are the prevailing terrain. Disaster History From 1770 until 1952, 29 floods were recorded in San Diego County. Between 1950 and 1997, flooding prompted 10 Proclaimed States of Emergency in the County of San Diego. Several very large floods have caused significant damage in the County of San Diego in the past. The Hatfield Flood of 1916 destroyed the Sweetwater and Lower Otay Dams and caused 22 deaths and $4.5 million in damages. The flood of 1927 caused $117,000 in damages and washed out the Old Town railroad bridge (Bainbridge, 1997). The floods of 1937 and 1938 caused approximately $600,000 in damages. (County of San Diego Sanitation and Flood Control, 1996). In the 1980 floods, the San Diego River at Mission Valley peaked at 27,000 cubic feet per second (cfs) and caused $120 million in damage (Bainbridge, 1997). The table below displays a history of flooding in San Diego County, as well as loss associated with each flood event: Page 300 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 110 TABLE 16: HISTORY RECORDS OF LARGE FLOODS IN SAN DIEGO COUNTY Date Loss Estimation Source of Estimate Comments 1862 Not available County of San Diego Sanitation and Flood Control 6 weeks of rain 1891 Not available County of San Diego Sanitation and Flood Control 33 inches in 60 hours 1916 $4.5 million County of San Diego Sanitation and Flood Control Destroyed 2 dams, 22 deaths 1927 $117,000 County of San Diego Sanitation and Flood Control Washed out railroad bridge Old Town 1937 & 1938 $600,000 County of San Diego Sanitation and Flood Control N/A 1965 Not available San Diego Union 6 killed 1969 Not available San Diego Union All of State declared disaster area 1979 $2,766,268 County OES Cities of La Mesa, Lemon Grove, National City, San Marcos, San Diego and unincorporated areas 1980 $120 million County of San Diego Sanitation and Flood Control; Earth Times San Diego river topped out in Mission Valley 1987 $640,500 State OES N/A 1995 $Tens of Millions County OES San Diego County Declared Disaster Area 2003 Not Available County OES Storm floods areas impacted by the 2003 firestorm. Sept 2004 Not Available San Diego Union-Tribune Series of storms caused localized flooding Oct 2004 Not Available San Diego Union-Tribune Flash-flood in Borrego Springs Jan-Mar 2005 Not Available Cal EMA (formerly State OES) San Diego County Declared Disaster Area Jan 2017 $14.5 million (estimated) County OES San Diego County Declared Disaster Area Page 301 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 111 Date Loss Estimation Source of Estimate Comments Dec 2018 $75,000 (estimated) NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Storm Events Database Heavy rain resulted in flooding near the Shoppes at Carlsbad. Five businesses reported flooding damage. A roof collapsed at a childcare center in the shopping center. The Alpha Project Bridge Shelter in East Village San Diego closed for a week due to flooding from the heavy rain. Feb 2019 $340,000 (estimated) NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Storm Events Database Flooding occurred in Ramona with up to 2 feet of standing water. Severe damage to portions of highway 78 and 79 along the shoulder of the road. Extensive flooding on San Diego River in Mission Valley including Fashion Valley mall. San Diego River reached 12.1 feet which is above flood stage. A total of 5 to 10 inches of rain occurred on the Palomar mountain coastal slopes in 12 hours. This lead to flash flooding in Pala with road damage and swift water rescues. Intestate 8 was closed for 12 hours due to snow covered and icy roads. Numerous accidents including at Willows road at 2,600 feet. Page 302 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 112 Date Loss Estimation Source of Estimate Comments Nov – Dec 2019 $125,000 (Estimated) NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Storm Events Database 12 San Diego State University dorm rooms flooded. Numerous cars piled up in an RV park in La Mesa due to flash flooding. April 2020 $2,420,000 (Estimated) NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Storm Events Database Interstate 8 landslide and debris on highway caused closure. City of Oceanside had significant damage to the wastewater treatment plant. Estimated up to 2 million gallons spilled as the plant was inundated by the flash flooding of Buena Vista Creek. Twenty persons evacuated from a nursing home. As of 12/31/2022 there have been no additional significant flooding events in the planning area. Hazard Impacts The principal factors affecting flood damage are flood depth and velocity. The deeper and faster flood flows become, the more damage they can cause. Shallow flooding with high velocities can cause as much damage as deep flooding with slow velocity. This is especially true when a channel migrates over a broad floodplain, redirecting high velocity flows and transporting debris and sediment. Although jurisdictions can implement mitigation and take preventative actions to significantly reduce the severity and threat of flood events, some type of risk will always exist (i.e., risk of a hazard event occurring despite mitigation measures applied to reduce/prevent it). Threats associated with flood risk include failure of a reservoir, a dam breach, or other infrastructure failure, or a severe flood event that exceeds flood design standards or drainage capacity. Location & Extent/Probability of Occurrence & Magnitude In regions, such as San Diego, without extended periods of below-freezing temperatures, floods usually occur during the season of highest precipitations or during heavy rainfalls after long dry spells. The areas surrounding the river valleys in all of San Diego County are susceptible to flooding because of the wide, flat floodplains surrounding the riverbeds, and the numerous structures that are built in the floodplains. One unusual characteristic of San Diego’s hydrology is that it has a high level of variability in its runoff. The western watershed of the County of San Diego extends about 80 miles north from the Mexican border and approximately 45 miles east of the Pacific Ocean. From west to east, there are about 10 miles of rolling, broken coastal plain, 10 to 15 miles of foothill ranges with elevations of 600 to 1,700 feet; and approximately 20 miles of mountain country where elevations range from 3,000 to 6,000 feet. This western watershed constitutes about 75% of the County, with the remaining 25% mainly desert country. Page 303 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 113 There are over 3,600 miles of rivers and streams which threaten community members and over 200,000 acres of flood-prone property. Seven principal streams originate or traverse through the unincorporated area. From north to south, they are the Santa Margarita, San Luis Rey, San Dieguito, San Diego, Sweetwater, Otay, and Tijuana Rivers (Unified San Diego County Emergency Services Organization Operational Area Emergency Plan, 2006). FEMA FIRM data was used to determine hazard risk for floods in the County of San Diego. FEMA defines flood risk primarily by a 100-year flood zone, which is applied to those areas with a 1% chance, on average, of flooding in any given year. Any area that lies within the FEMA-designated 100-year floodplain is designated as high risk. Any area found in the 500-year floodplain is designated at low risk. Base flood elevations (BFE) were also used in the HAZUS-MH modeling process. A BFE is the elevation of the water surface resulting from a flood that has a 1% chance of occurring in any given year (i.e. the height of the base flood). The figure below displays the location and extent of flood hazard areas for the County of San Diego: Page 304 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 114 Figure 5: Map Of San Diego County 100-Year And 500-Year Floodplains Page 305 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 115 As shown, high hazard (100-year floodway) zones in San Diego County are generally concentrated within the coastal areas, including bays, coastal inlets, and estuaries. Major watershed areas connecting the local mountain range to the coastal region, where flash floods are more common, show several 100-year flood hazard areas. A repetitive loss property is defined by FEMA as an NFIP-insured property that has experienced any of the following since 1978, regardless of any changes in ownership: • Four or more paid losses more than $1,000 • Two paid losses more than $1,000 within any rolling 10-year period • Three or more paid losses that equal or exceed the current value of the insured property. The government has instituted programs encouraging communities to identify and mitigate the causes of repetitive losses. Studies have found that many of these properties are outside any mapped 1 percent annual chance floodplain. The key identifiers for repetitive loss properties are the existence of NFIP insurance policies and claims paid by the policies. FEMA further designates as severe repetitive loss any NFIP-insured single-family or multi-family residential building for which either of the following is true: • The building has incurred flood-related damage for which four or more separate claims payments have been made, with the amount of each claim (including building and contents payments) exceeding $5,000, and with the cumulative amount of such claims payments exceeding $20,000 • At least two separate claims payments (building payments only) have been made under NFIP coverage, with the cumulative amount of claims exceeding the market value of the building. To quality as a severe repetitive loss property, at least two of the claims must be within 10 years of each other, and claims made within 10 days of each other are counted as one claim. In determining SRL status, FEMA considers the loss history since 1978, or from the building’s construction if it was built after 1978, regardless of any changes in the ownership of the building. FEMA-sponsored programs, such as the Community Rating System (CRS), require participating communities to identify repetitive loss areas. A repetitive loss area is the portion of a floodplain holding structures that FEMA has identified as meeting the definition of repetitive loss. Identifying repetitive loss areas helps to identify structures that area at risk but are not on FEMA’s list of repetitive loss structures because no flood insurance policy was in force at the time of loss. Based on the 2022 FEMA Repetitive Loss Summary Report, there have been numerous repetitive and severe repetitive losses in San Diego County. These losses are provided in the table below: Page 306 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 116 TABLE 17: REPETITIVE LOSS PROPERTIES DUE TO FLOODS IN SAN DIEGO COUNTY Jurisdiction Repetitive Loss Properties Structure Type Severe Repetitive Loss Properties Structure Type Total Number Mitigated Carlsbad 1 Nonresidential 0 --- 0 Del Mar 15 Residential 0 --- 0 Escondido 4 Residential 1 Residential 0 Lemon Grove 0 --- 0 --- 0 Poway 9 Residential 2 Residential 1 Santee 1 Nonresidential 0 --- 0 County of San Diego 20 Nonresidential (4) 3 Residential (2) 7 Residential (15) Commercial (1) Commercial (1) Chula Vista 1 Residential 0 --- 0 El Cajon 4 Residential 1 Residential 0 Imperial Beach 4 Residential 0 --- 0 National City 3 Nonresidential (2) 0 --- 0 Commercial (1) San Diego 47 Nonresidential (11) 4 Nonresidential (1) 0 Residential (27) Residential (1) Commercial (9) Commercial (2) Solana Beach 7 Residential 3 Residential 0 Coronado 1 Residential 0 --- 0 Encinitas 2 Residential 0 --- 0 La Mesa 2 Residential 0 --- 0 Oceanside 13 Nonresidential (5) 0 --- 6 Residential (6) Commercial (2) San Marcos 1 Residential 0 --- 0 Vista 3 Nonresidential (1) 1 Residential 0 Residential (2) Total 138 --- 15 --- 14 Page 307 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 117 Due to the history of past flooding events and the natural drainage pattern of the Planning Area, flooding in the County of San Diego is “Highly Likely” to continue to occur. According to the NCEI Storm Events Database, there have been 144 flood events recorded for the County of San Diego between 1997 and 2021. This means there is a 2% chance on any given day of a flood event occurring over the course of a year. The County of San Diego has experienced at least one flooding event every year since 2010. Over the past decade, major floods have occurred in Mission Valley, El Cajon, Ramona, and Borrego Springs. In addition to these major flood events, flooding has been known to occur in localized areas of the County during average seasonal rainstorms. Climate Change Considerations The most extreme events are going to become more extreme regarding climate change effects. These events are primarily atmospheric rivers and will become more so in the future based on global climate models (Gershunov et al., 2019). In addition, the increase in sea level increases the potential for severe flooding caused by the occurrence of coastal and inland flooding. Coastal flooding can cause pollution of coastal waters (Aguilera et al., 2019). The highest priority mitigation actions to reduce Climate Change impacts on this hazard should include preparation, with strong attention to weather forecasts, assessing infrastructure flooding vulnerability, and developing plans to mitigate flood severity and frequency. 5.2.7. HUMAN-CAUSED HAZARDS (TERRORISM & HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INCIDENTS (CBRNE THREATS)) Nature of the Hazard Human-caused hazards are distinct from natural hazards because they result directly from the actions of people. Two types of human-caused hazards can be identified as technological hazards and terrorism. Technological hazards refer to incidents that can arise from human activities such as the manufacture, storage, transport, and use of hazardous materials, which include toxic chemicals, radioactive materials, and infectious substances. Technological hazards are assumed to be accidental and their consequences unintended. Terrorism, on the other hand, encompasses intentional, criminal, and malicious acts involving weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) or conventional weapons. WMDs can involve the deployment of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive (CBRNE) weapons. Conventional weapons and techniques include the use of arson, incendiary explosives, armed attacks, intentional hazardous materials release, and cyber-terrorism (attack via computer). Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE Threats) Technological hazards involving hazardous material releases can occur at facilities (fixed site) or along transportation routes (off-site). They can occur because of human carelessness, technological failure, intentional acts, and natural hazards. When caused by natural hazards, these incidents are known as secondary hazards, whereas intentional acts are terrorism. Hazardous materials releases, depending on the substance involved and type of release, can directly cause injuries and death and contaminate air, water, and soils. While the probability of a major release at any facility or at any point along a known transportation corridor is relatively low, the consequences of releases of these materials can be very serious. Some hazardous materials present a radiation risk. Radiation is any form of energy propagated as rays, waves or energetic particles that travel through the air or a material medium. Radioactive materials are composed of atoms that are unstable. An unstable atom gives off its excess energy until it becomes stable. The energy emitted is radiation. The process by which an atom changes from an unstable state to a more stable state by emitting radiation is called radioactive decay or radioactivity. Page 308 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 118 Radiological materials have many uses in San Diego County including: • by doctors to detect and treat serious diseases, • by educational institutions and companies for research, • by the military to power large ships and submarines. With the decommissioning of San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS), radiological materials are no longer used to generate commercial electric power within San Diego County. However, the stored spent fuel that remains on site does pose a hazard. Radioactive materials, if handled improperly, or radiation accidentally released into the environment, can be dangerous because of the harmful effects of certain types of radiation on the body. The longer a person is exposed to radiation and the closer the person is to the radiation, the greater the risk. Although radiation cannot be detected by the senses (sight, smell, etc.), it is easily detected by scientists with sophisticated instruments that can detect even the smallest levels of radiation. Under extreme circumstances an accident or intentional explosion involving radiological materials can cause very serious problems. Consequences may include death, severe health risks to the public, damage to the environment, and extraordinary loss of, or damage to, property. Terrorism Following serious international and domestic terrorist incidents during the 1990’s and early 2000’s, people across the United States have paid increased attention to the potential for deliberate, harmful terrorist actions by individuals or groups with political, social, cultural, and religious motives. There is no single, universally accepted definition of terrorism, and it can be interpreted in a variety of ways. However, terrorism is defined in the Code of Federal Regulations as “…the unlawful use of force and violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives” (28 CFR, Section 0.85). The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) further characterizes terrorism as either domestic or international, depending on the origin, base, and objectives of the terrorist organization. However, the origin of the terrorist or person causing the hazard is far less relevant to mitigation planning than the hazard itself and its consequences. Terrorists utilize a wide variety of agents and delivery systems. Disaster History Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE Threats) Hazardous materials can include toxic chemicals, radioactive materials, infectious substances, and hazardous wastes. The State of California defines a hazardous material as a substance that is toxic, ignitable, or flammable, or reactive and/or corrosive. An extremely hazardous material is defined as a substance that shows high acute or chronic toxicity, carcinogenicity, bio-accumulative properties, persistence in the environment, or is water reactive (California Code of Regulations, Title 22). “Hazardous waste,” a subset of hazardous materials, is material that is to be abandoned, discarded, or recycled, and includes chemical, radioactive, and biohazardous waste (including medical waste). An accidental hazardous material release can occur wherever hazardous materials are manufactured, stored, transported, or used. Such releases can affect nearby populations and contaminate critical or sensitive environmental areas. Numerous facilities in San Diego County generate hazardous wastes, in addition to storing and using large numbers of hazardous materials. There are thousands of sites with permits to store and maintain chemical, biological and radiological agents, and explosives in the County. Although the scale is usually small, emergencies involving the release of these substances can occur daily at both these fixed sites and on the County’s streets and roadways. Page 309 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 119 Facilities that use, manufacture, or store hazardous materials in California must comply with several state and federal regulations. The Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA Title III), which was enacted in 1986 as a legislative response to airborne releases of methylisocyanate at Union Carbide plants in Bhopal, India and in Institute, West Virginia. SARA Title III, also known as the Emergency Planning and Community-Right-To -Know Act (EPCRA), directs businesses that handle, store, or manufacture hazardous materials in specified amounts to develop emergency response plans and report releases of toxic chemicals. Additionally, Section 312 of Title III requires businesses to submit an annual inventory report of hazardous materials to a state-administering agency. The California legislature passed Assembly Bill 2185 in 1987, incorporating the provisions of SARA Title III into a state program. The community right-to-know requirements keep communities abreast of the presence and release of hazardous wastes at individual facilities. A table within Attachment A shows a breakdown by jurisdiction of facilities in the County with permits to store and maintain chemical, biological and radiological agents, and explosives. Facilities with EPA ID Numbers are facilities that generate hazardous waste. Hazardous materials spills and releases in San Diego County have occurred as a result of clandestine drug manufacturing; spills from commercial, military and recreational vessels on the region’s waterways; traffic accidents; sewer breaks and overflows; and various accidents/incidents related to the manufacture, use, and storage of hazardous materials by County industrial, commercial and government facilities. Although the emergency response history for San Diego County detailed in Attachment A chronicles various hazardous materials releases, the incidents do not necessarily indicate the degree of exposure to the public. There has not been significant exposure to the San Diego County public due to human-caused releases of chemical or biological agents, although there have been several smaller-scale incidents. Chemical spills and releases from transportation and industrial accidents have resulted in short-term chemical exposure to individuals in the vicinity of the release. San Diego beaches are routinely closed because of sewage spills and storm run-off. Bacterial levels can increase significantly in ocean and bay waters, especially near storm drain, river, and lagoon outlets, during and after rainstorms. Elevated bacterial levels may continue for a period of up to 3 days depending upon the intensity of rainfall and volume of runoff. Waters contaminated by urban runoff may contain human pathogens (bacteria, viruses, or protozoa) that can cause illnesses. San Diego experienced its first significant E. coli bacteria outbreak in 10 years after patrons ate tainted food at local area restaurants in 2003. In 1992 and 1993 a similar outbreak occurred in San Diego County, which resulted in the death of a child after he ate tainted food from a Carlsbad fast-food restaurant. Additionally, in the early 1980s a hepatitis outbreak associated with poor food handling techniques resulting in the closure of a major restaurant in Mission Valley and the implementation of a food-handler certification program by the San Diego County Health Department. The only known release of radiological agents in the County was the result of an accident at San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS). In 1981, an accidental "ignition" of hydrogen gases in a holding tank of the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS) caused an explosion - which bent the bolts of an inspection hatch on the tank, allowing radioactive gases in the tank to escape into a radioactive waste room. From there, the radioactive material was released into the atmosphere. The plant was shut down for several weeks following the event (W.I.S.E. Vol.3 No.4 p.18). This incident occurred during the plant’s operation of its Unit 1 generator, which has since been decommissioned. No serious injuries occurred. On February 3, 2001, another accident occurred at SONGS when a circuit breaker fault caused a fire that resulted in a loss of offsite power. Published reports suggest that rolling blackouts during the same week in California were partially due to the shutdown of the SONGS reactors in response to the 3-hour fire. Although no radiation was released and no nuclear safety issues were involved, the federal Nuclear Regulatory Commission sent a Special Inspection Team to the plant site to investigate the accident. Page 310 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 120 Terrorism While San Diego County has not experienced any high-profile attacks by groups or individuals associated with international terrorist organizations, the region has been the site of several incidents with domestic origins. Most notable is the August 1, 2003 arson attack on a mixed-use housing and office development under construction in the University City neighborhood. The blaze, which officials estimate caused around $50 million in damage, was allegedly set by the Earth Liberation Front, a radical environmentalist group. San Diego has been linked to the 9/11 attacks in New York City and on the Pentagon; two of the confirmed hijackers of the commercial aircraft used in the attacks took flight school lessons while living in San Diego. San Diego County has received numerous bomb threats to schools, government buildings, religious sites, and commercial facilities over the years. While most bomb threats are hoaxes, authorities have been required to mobilize resources and activate emergency procedures on a regular basis in response. Other Human-Caused Disasters On September 25th, 1978, San Diego was the scene of one of the worst air disasters in the United States. A mid-air collision between a Cessna 172 and a Pacific Southwest Airlines (PSA) Boeing 727 caused both planes to crash into the North Park neighborhood below. A total of 144 lives were lost including 7 people on the ground. More than 20 residences were damaged or destroyed. In 1984, a shooter opened fire in a San Ysidro McDonald’s restaurant, killing 21 people. This event was not considered an act of terrorism as no political or social objectives were associated with this event. In 2019, a shooter opened fire at the Chabad of Poway Synagogue, which killed one person and injured three other people. The same shooter was also linked to a 2019 fire set to the Dar-ul-Arqam Mosque (also known as the Islamic Center of Escondido) in Escondido.111F111F111F 117 The shooter pleaded guilty on July 20, 2021, to murder and multiple charges of attempted murder, with added hate crime classifications in connection with the Chabad of Poway Synagogue shooting and pleaded guilty to a charge of arson in connection with Dar- ul-Arqam Mosque in Escondido. 112F112F112F 118 Hazard Impacts This hazard’s impacts vary according to type, magnitude, location, availability of resources and many other factors that are situationally dependent. Overall, hazard impacts may include, but are not limited to injury, death, environmental/resource impacts, and structure/asset losses. Location & Extent/Probability of Occurrence & Magnitude Information related to the probability and magnitude of human-caused hazards is considered sensitive homeland security related information. As a result, this information is provided in a separate confidential document (Planning Partners, see Attachment A). The probability of occurrence for an active threat can be difficult to quantify, largely due to different definitions of what constitutes an active threat. However, the fact that the planning area has experienced such incidents suggests the effective probability of any human-caused hazard is “Likely”, meaning 10 to 90 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 1 to 10 years. Climate Change Considerations Not applicable. 117 https://www.cbs8.com/article/news/crime/accused-chabad-of-poway-synagogue-shooter-pleads-guilty/509-4c8b3421-71e5-45e4-b1da-eac4dfe24f55. 118 https://www.nbcsandiego.com/news/local/poway-synagogue-shooter-to-be-sentenced-in-state-court/2731560/. Page 311 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 121 5.2.8. LIQUEFACTION Nature of the Hazard This hazard is profiled independently in this section but is otherwise grouped with “Earthquake” hazard throughout this plan, particularly the prioritized hazard list and the Vulnerability Assessment sections of this plan. Therefore, there is no Hazard Assessment ranking for this hazard in Section 5.1’s table. Liquefaction is the phenomenon that occurs when ground shaking causes loose soils to lose strength and act like viscous fluid. Liquefaction causes two types of ground failure: lateral spread and loss of bearing strength. Lateral spreads develop on gentle slopes and entails the sidelong movement of large masses of soil as an underlying layer liquefies. Loss of bearing strength results when the soil supporting structures liquefies and causes structures to collapse. Disaster History Liquefaction is not known to have occurred historically in San Diego County, although liquefaction has occurred in the Imperial Valley in response to large earthquakes (Magnitude 6 or greater) originating in that area. Although San Diego is one of several major California cities in seismically active regions, ground failures or damage to structures have not occurred because of liquefaction. Historically, seismic shaking levels have not been sufficient to trigger liquefaction. Paleoseismic indicators of liquefaction have been recognized locally, and several pre-instrumental (prior to common use of seismographs) earthquakes could have been severe enough to cause at least some liquefaction. Hazard Impacts A study published in the Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Limitations of Surface Liquefaction Manifestation Severity Index Models Used in Conjunction with Simplified Stress-Based Triggering Models, March 2022, Upadhyaya et al. outlines the factors that are used to determine liquefaction impact severity. Based on the model data the severity of surface manifestation of liquefaction is commonly used to represent liquefaction damage potential and the inclusion of an improved manifestation severity index (MSI) can better account for surficial liquefaction damage potential. This severity index assigns liquefaction zones a Liquefaction Severity Number (LSN) which is determined by various soil depths, the number of soil layers and their consistency, and surface weight contributions. San Diego County has not experienced liquefaction in the past. Given the location of the Rose Canyon and Elsinore zoned earthquake faults in the San Diego County with potential magnitudes of up to 6.9 and the various liquefaction zones outlined in Figure 6, there is the potential for extensive impacts. These impacts include building and road foundations that may sink into what was previously solid ground. Additionally, there is a threat to life and property, including buildings, their contents, electric generating facilities and transmission lines that could also be damaged and affect life support systems in communities outside the immediate hazard area. Location & Extent/Probability of Occurrence & Magnitude Recognizing active faults in the region, and the presence of geologically young, unconsolidated sediments and hydraulic fills, the potential for liquefaction to occur has been long recognized in the San Diego area. The regions of San Diego Bay and vicinity are thought to be especially vulnerable. The potential exists in areas of loose soils and/or shallow groundwater in earthquake fault zones throughout the County. The figure below displays the locations and extent of areas with a risk of liquefaction: Page 312 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 122 FIGURE 6: MAP OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY LIQUEFACTION RISK AREAS Page 313 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 123 Data used to profile liquefaction hazard included probabilistic PGA data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and a Scenario Earthquake Shake map for Rose Canyon from the California Integrated Seismic Network (CISN), along with existing liquefaction hazard areas from local maps. Liquefaction hazards were modeled as collateral damages of earthquakes using HAZUS-MH, which uses base information and NEHRP soils data to derive probabilistic peak ground accelerations much like the PGA map from USGS. Soils were considered because liquefaction risk may be amplified depending on the type of soil found in a given area. The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) rates soils from hard to soft, and give the soils ratings from Type A through Type E, with the hardest soils being Type A, and the softest soils rated at Type E. Liquefaction risk was considered high if there were soft soils (Types D or E) present within an active fault zone. Liquefaction risk was considered low if the PGA risk value was less than 0.3, and hard soils were present (Types A-C). For example, an area may lie in a PGA zone of 0.2, which would be a low liquefaction risk in hard soils identified by the NEHRP. However, if that same PGA value is found within a soft soil such as Type D or E, a PGA of 0.2, when multiplied by 1.4 or 1.7 (amplification values for type D and E soil, shown below), would become a PGA value of at least 0.28 to 0.3. This would increase the liquefaction risk to high. TABLE 18: PGA LIQUIFACTION RISK PGA Soil Type A B C D E 0.1 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.60 2.50 0.2 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.70 0.3 0.80 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.20 0.4 0.80 1.00 1.00 1.10 0.90 0.5 0.80 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.80 Areas where soil types D or E are located are illustrated in the figure below. This hazard is profiled independently in this section but is otherwise grouped with “Earthquake” hazard throughout this plan, particularly the prioritized hazard list and the Vulnerability Assessment sections of this plan. Therefore, there is no Hazard Assessment ranking for this hazard in Section 5.1’s table. However, using the same scientific scale as the other hazards, probability of liquefaction in San Diego County is considered somewhat “Likely”, meaning 10 to 90 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 1 to 10 years. Climate Change Considerations Not applicable. Page 314 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 124 5.2.9. RAIN-INDUCED LANDSLIDE Nature of the Hazard Landslides occur when masses of rock, earth, or debris move down a slope, including rock falls, deep failure of slopes, and shallow debris flows. Landslides are influenced by human activity (mining and construction of buildings, railroads, and highways) and natural factors (geology, precipitation, and topography). Frequently they accompany other natural hazards such as floods, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions. Although landslides sometimes occur during earthquake activity, earthquakes are rarely their primary cause. The most common cause of a landslide is an increase in the down slope gravitational stress applied to slope materials (oversteepening). This may be produced either by natural processes or by man’s activities. Undercutting of a valley wall by stream erosion or of a sea cliff by wave erosion are ways in which slopes may be naturally oversteepened. Other ways include excessive rainfall or irrigation on a cliff or slope. Another type of soil failure is slope wash, the erosion of slopes by surface-water runoff. The intensity of slope wash is dependent on the discharge and velocity of surface runoff and on the resistance of surface materials to erosion. Surface runoff and velocity is greatly increased in urban and suburban areas due to the presence of roads, parking lots, and buildings, which have zero filtration capacities and provide generally smooth surfaces that do not slow down runoff. Mudflows are another type of soil failure and are defined as flows or rivers of liquid mud down a hillside. They occur when water accumulates under the ground, usually following long and heavy rainfalls. If there is no brush, tree, or ground cover to hold the soil, mud will form and flow down-slope. Disaster History Landslides and landslide-prone sedimentary formations are present throughout the coastal plain of western San Diego County. Landslides also occur in the granitic mountains of East San Diego County, although they are less prevalent. Ancient landslides are those with subdued topographic expressions that suggest movements at least several hundred and possibly several thousands of years before present. Many of these landslides are thought to have occurred under much wetter climatic conditions than at present. Recent landslides are those with fresh or sharp geomorphic expressions suggestive of active (ongoing) movement or movement within the past several decades. Reactivations of existing landslides can be triggered by disturbances such as heavy rainfall, seismic shaking and/or grading. Many recent landslides are thought to be reactivations of ancient landslides. Past Significant Landslide Occurrences: • Mt. Soledad in La Jolla (12/15/1961) 113F113F113F 119 • Oceanside (1/19/2005)114F114F114F 120 • east side of Point Loma (4/15/2009)115F115F115F 121 • western Camp Pendleton (2/28/2017).116F116F116F 122 Some of the most recent, significant coastal bluff landslides have occurred: • in Torrey Pines (8/31/2019) • in Del Mar (11/19/2019) • along north La Jolla, Black’s Beach (5/2/2020) 119 https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/150-years/sd-me-150-years-december-15-htmlstory.html 120 https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/sdut-landslide-undercuts-eight-homes-in-oceanside-2005jan19-story.html 121 https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/sdut-bn15slide13057-2009apr15-story.html 122 https://patch.com/california/oceanside-camppendleton/road-closed-due-landslide-camp-pendleton Page 315 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 125 • in Encinitas (8/2/2019, 4/10/2020).117F117F117F 123 Landslides tend to be more widespread in these areas where the underlying sedimentary formations contain weak claystone beds that are more susceptible to sliding. Remedial grading and other mitigation measures have stabilized many but not all landslides in urban areas and other developments within San Diego County. Published geologic maps and other sources of information pertaining to landslide occurrence may not differentiate between known or suspected landslides. Moreover, published landslide maps (such as those used to compile the landslide areas for this effort) are not always updated or revised to reflect landslides that have been stabilized, or in some cases completely removed. The landslide maps for this study have been compiled for planning and emergency responses preparedness, and the compilation sources may not reflect current or existing conditions. Hazard Impacts Impacts from landslides in the San Diego County can vary greatly. In unpopulated areas, landslides have little effect except to the extent they fill in waterways and create flooding issues, water conveyance, and introduce contaminants. However, if landslides occur in populated areas, damages can be sustained to buildings, critical facilities, infrastructure, and injuries, and in extreme cases deaths, can occur. Landslides can affect ingress and egress routes. Many locations in the County have limited ingress and egress routes. Cutting off one of these routes can cause multiple issues such as limiting emergency response to hazards. Location & Extent/Probability of Occurrence & Magnitude Data used to determine landslide risk were steep slope (greater than 25%), soil series data (SANDAG, based on USGS 1970s series), and soil-slip susceptibility from USGS. Because landslide data in GIS format was not available for the entire county, a model was run using USGS soils and steep slope data to determine landslide risk areas for the entire County. Tan Landslide Susceptibility Maps that depict steep slope areas, landslide formations, and landslide susceptible areas based on a combination of slope, soils and geologic instability were also used in the analysis. As shown in the figure below, the location and extent of landslide hazard areas are generally concentrated along canyons near the coastal areas with steep slopes: 123 https://cadoc.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=bc48ad40e3504134a1fc8f3909659041 Page 316 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 126 F IGURE 7: M AP O F S AN DIEGO COUNTY R AIN-I NDUCED L ANDSLIDE S USCEPTIBILITIES Page 317 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 127 The western portion of the county shows the soil-slip susceptibility data, while the eastern portion of the county shows the results of the model used to determine landslide risk for areas that were not included in the soil-slip susceptibility model. Housing development on marginal lands and in unstable but highly desirable coastal areas has increased the threat from landslides throughout San Diego County. Based on historical occurrences, the probability of a rain-induced landslide is considered “Unlikely”. However, HAZUS Data Evaluations, Vulnerability Assessments, Hazard Seminar Series, and input from Subject Matter Experts and the public determined the Overall Significance rating of this hazard to be “Medium”, meaning the criteria falls mostly in the middle ranges of classifications and the event’s impacts on the planning area are noticeable but not devastating. This rating is sometimes used for hazards with a high extent rating but very low probability rating. In San Diego County, rain-induced landslides typically occur during and after severe storms, so the potential for landslides largely coincides with the potential for sequential severe storms that saturate steep, vulnerable soils. The FEMA National Risk Index estimates that the annualized frequency of landslide events in San Diego County is 0.1 distinct events per year. In general San Diego County can expect to experience significant rain-induced landslide events during strong El Niño years or large atmospheric rivers. In areas recently burned by wildfires, landslides may occur more frequently and are possible during annual rain events. Climate Change Considerations Post-fire debris flows require high intensity precipitation. Global Climate models do not project hourly rates of precipitation. One study that dynamically downscaled climate projection suggested that hourly precipitation rates in the mountainous area increased in Central and Northern California (Huang et al, 2020), but it did show results over San Diego. The highest priority mitigation actions to reduce Climate Change impacts on this hazard should include evaluation of vulnerable landscapes, monitoring and educating partners and the public, paying attention to weather forecasts of heavy and prolonged rainfall, especially in conditions when landscape is already soaked, consulting with experts in landslides/debris flows. 5.2.10. SEA LEVEL RISE/COASTAL STORMS/EROSION Nature of the Hazard These three hazards were mapped and profiled as a group because many of the factors and risks involved are similar and limited to the coastal areas. Rising and falling water levels, breaking waves, and shifting sands are common to life along the coast. These normal coastal features become hazardous when they strengthen in intensity — usually during a storm event — and pose an immediate threat to the lives and livelihoods of coastal populations.118F118F118F 124 These coastal storms can cause increases in tidal elevations (called storm surge), wind speed, and erosion. The most dangerous and damaging feature of a coastal storm is storm surge. Storm surges are large waves of ocean water that sweep across coastlines where a storm makes landfall. Storm surges can inundate coastal areas, wash out dunes, and cause backwater flooding. If a storm surge occurs at the same time as high tide, the water height will be even greater. 124 https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/documents/fema_coastal-glossary.pdf Page 318 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 128 Sea Level Rise is an increase in sea level caused by a change in the volume of the world’s oceans and changes in local ground elevations. Sea level rise leads to increased frequency and depth of flooding in coastal areas.119F119F119F 125 With up to two feet of sea level rise projected by 2050, low-lying areas could become inundated more frequently and with increasingly higher water levels. In addition, storm related flooding may reach further inland and occur more often120F120F120F 126. Beaches and cliffs could also see increased erosion as they are exposed to more hours of high sea levels and wave action.121F121F121F 127 The NOAA Sea Level Rise Viewer allows for planers to predict the impact of sea level rise over the next several decades. It can be found at https://coast.noaa.gov/slr/. According to the Sea Level Rise Adaptation Strategy for the San Diego Bay, the sectors that are most vulnerable to sea level rise are storm water, wastewater, shoreline parks, transportation facilities, commercial buildings, and ecosystems. Low-lying communities, such as Imperial Beach, Coronado, Mission Beach, and parts of La Jolla Shores, Del Mar, and Oceanside may be particularly vulnerable to sea level rise.122F122F122F 128 In addition, some of San Diego’s military installations and the region controlled by the Port of San Diego may also be affected.123F123F123F 129 However, sea level rise is considered (on a scale of low, medium, high, very high) a low hazard for the region. Coastal erosion is the wearing of coastal land. It is commonly used to describe the horizontal retreat of the shoreline along the ocean and is considered a function of larger processes of shoreline change, which include erosion and accretion. Erosion results when more sediment is lost along a particular shoreline than is deposited by the water body and is measured as a rate with respect to either a linear retreat or volumetric loss. Erosion rates are not uniform and vary over time at any single location. Various locations along the Coast of San Diego County are highly susceptible to erosion. Erosion prevention and repair measures such as installation of seawalls and reinforcement of cliffs have been required in different locations along the San Diego coast in the past. The risk/probability of coastal erosion in San Diego County is considered “Likely”. Disaster History Since 2000, sea level has been increasing as the wind systems relaxed once again (Bromirski et al., 2011, 2012; Hamlington et al., 2016). For the San Diego region, sea-level rise models project similar ranges in elevated sea-levels until 2050 (approximately 0.6 to 1.3 feet). In the second half of the century, sea-level rise is expected to accelerate significantly, but there is greater uncertainty as to how extreme this rise will be at the end of the century (0.9 to 4 feet) with the possibility that it is much higher (Griggs et al., 2017). This is related to unknown global greenhouse gas emission reductions and uncertainties about how rapid ocean warming will impact ice sheet melting (Griggs et al., 2017; Kalansky et al., 2018). In January and February 1983, the strongest-ever El Nino-driven coastal storms caused over 116 million dollars in beach and coastal damage. Thirty-three homes were destroyed, and 3,900 homes and businesses were damaged. Other coastal storms that caused notable damage were during the El Nino winters of 1977- 1978 and 1997-1998 and 2003-2004. Other Proclamations occurred in December 2010. July 2015, and February 2017. The City of San Diego proclaimed for winter storms in 2013. Coastal erosion is an ongoing process that is difficult to measure but can be seen currently in various areas along the coastline of San Diego County. Unstable cliffs at Beacon’s Beach in Encinitas caused a landslide that killed a woman sitting on the beach in January 2000. In 1942, the Self-Realization Fellowship building fell into the ocean because of erosion and slope failure caused by groundwater oversaturated the cliffs it was built on. 125 https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/documents/fema_coastal-glossary.pdf 126 San Diego’s Changing Climate: A Regional Wake-Up Call. A Summary of the Focus 2050 Study Presented by The San Diego Foundation 127 Ibid. 128 Ibid. 129 Ibid. Page 319 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 129 Two rounds of large long period northwest swell arrived at the beaches between the 16th and 20th of January 2018. This brought high surf to west and northwest facing beaches with peak sets occurring in southern San Diego County. Significant beach erosion was reported along with isolated coastal flooding. A year later in January of 2019, high tides and surf brought large waves and coastal flooding to Southern California. Areas of the San Diego County coastline observed sets as high as 15 feet and significant coastal flooding due to the King Tides. There were many water rescues due to the high surf and rip currents, and extensive damage to the Ocean Beach Pier in San Diego County. Southern California watched as Baja California prepared for the Category 2 force winds and storm surge of Hurricane Kay in September 2022. The storm weakened and made landfall in San Diego as a Tropical Storm producing 5.6 inches of rain in the San Diego Mountains and wind gusts registering up to 109 mph. Although no major damage was seen locally other than fallen trees, the tropical storm caused severe debris flows in San Bernardino County causing a Proclaimed Local Emergency and the loss of life. The storm also caused over $13 million in railroad damages along the coast in Orange County. Hazard Impacts Tens of millions of people in the U.S. and hundreds of millions globally live in areas that are at risk of coastal flooding. Sea level rise does not act alone — rising sea levels, along with sinking lands, will combine with other coastal flood factors like storm surge, wave effects, river flows, and heavy rains to significantly increase the exposure to coastal communities, ecosystems, and economies. Sea level rise potentially threatens infrastructure necessary for local jobs, regional industries, and public safety, such as roads, subways, drinking water supplies, power plants, oil and gas wells, and sewage treatment systems. Long-term sea level rise will affect the extent, frequency, and duration of coastal flooding events. High-tide flooding events that occur only a few times a year now may occur once a month, or once a week in the coming decades. These same water level changes may also increase coastal erosion and groundwater levels. Elevated groundwater levels can lead to increased rainfall runoff and compromised underground infrastructure, such as public utilities, septic systems, and structural foundations. Higher water levels also mean deadly and destructive storm surges, wave impacts, and rainwater are unable to drain away from homes and businesses. Location & Extent/Probability of Occurrence & Magnitude The figures in the next, “Tsunami” section display the locations and extent of tsunami, coastal storm, erosion, and sea level rise hazard areas for the County of San Diego. These hazards were mapped together due to Vulnerability Assessment results and subject matter expert feedback. As shown in those figures, the highest risk zones in San Diego County are located within the coastal zone of San Diego County. Coastal storm hazards are most likely during El Nino events. Maximum wind speeds along the coast are not expected to exceed 60 miles per hour, resulting in only minor wind-speed related damage. Coastal erosion risk is highest where geologically unstable cliffs become over- saturated by irrigation or rainwater. The greatest type of tsunami risk is material damage to small watercraft, harbors, and some waterfront structures (Joy 1968), with flooding along the coast, as shown in the run-up projections on the figure below. The risk of damage from sea level rise is considered somewhat “Likely” with the risk of damage from coastal erosion considered to be “Likely” and tsunami “Highly Likely”. Data used to profile this group of hazards included the digitized flood zones from the FEMA FIRM Flood maps, NOAA historical shoreline data, and Caltrans’ coastal zone boundary for the coastal storm/erosion hazard. Maximum tsunami run up projections modeled by the University of Southern California and distributed by the California Office of Emergency Services were used for identifying tsunami hazard. The tsunami model was the result of a combination of inundation modeling and onsite surveys and shows maximum projected inundation levels from tsunamis along the entire coast of San Diego County. Page 320 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 130 NOAA historical tsunami effects data were also used, which showed locations where tsunami effects have been felt, and when available, details describing size and location of earthquakes that caused the tsunamis. The Shoreline Erosion Assessment and Atlas of the San Diego Region Volumes I and II (SANDAG, 1992) were reviewed for the shoreline erosion category. This publication shows erosion risk levels of high, moderate, and low for the entire coastline of San Diego County. For modeling purposes, the VE Zone of the FEMA FIRM map series was used as the high hazard value for coastal storms and coastal erosion. The VE Zone is defined by FEMA as the coastal area subject to a velocity hazard (wave action). Coastal storm and erosion risk were determined to be high if areas were found within the VE zone of the FEMA FIRM maps. Tsunami hazard risk levels were determined to be high if an area was within the maximum projected tsunami run-up and inundation area. According to NOAA’s 2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report, sea-level is predicted to rise 4-8 inches by 2030 on the West coast, which includes the San Diego County. While sea-level rise has a high certainty rating and is already occurring, its onset is not expected to occur until closer to the end of the century in terms of changes in areas already vulnerable to flooding or causing permanent inundation in tidally influenced areas of San Diego County. The probability of these hazards occurring is “Likely”, meaning 10 to 90 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 1 to 10 years. Climate Change Considerations The coast is an important part of San Diego’s landscape, culture, and economy. It is also one of the more vulnerable landscapes in San Diego as many of its beaches, cliffs, and estuaries are already experiencing erosion and flooding, and these hazards are expected to accelerate in frequency and intensity with climate change. Over the last century sea level has risen about 0.6 ft over much of the Central and Southern California coast. Global sea level provides an important indicator of the state of the warming climate, but regional sea- level rise varies across coastal communities because processes that cause sea-level rise interact differently and vary across coastal regions (Hamlington et al., 2020). Between 1980 and 2000, sea level along San Diego was relatively stable, even decreasing slightly as stronger wind stress gradients over the eastern Pacific suppressed the global rise along North America. Since 2000, sea level has been increasing as the wind systems relaxed once again (Bromirski et al., 2011, 2012; Hamlington et al., 2016). For the San Diego region, sea-level rise models project similar ranges in elevated sea-levels until 2050 (approximately 0.6 to 1.3 feet). In the second half of the century, sea-level rise is expected to accelerate significantly, but there is greater uncertainty as to how extreme this rise will be at the end of the century (0.9 to 4 feet) with the possibility that it is much higher (Griggs et al., 2017). This is related to unknown global greenhouse gas emission reductions and uncertainties about how rapid ocean warming will impact ice sheet melting (Griggs et al., 2017; Kalansky et al., 2018). Given the increased rate of sea level rise, in the near term the greatest impacts from sea level rise are mostly likely to occur during events that combine high tides, El Nino and both locally and distantly generated wind-driven waves. For example, the generally elevated sea levels along the California coast during the super El Nino of 1982-83 were heightened by large winter storms and high waves during high tide periods, causing enormous coastal damage along the San Diego County shoreline (Flick, 1998). Cliff erosion is a natural coastal process for much of northern San Diego County. In San Diego, between 1998 and 2009 the mean cliff top retreat was 0.46 ft/yr (Young, 2018). San Onofre State Beach is a cliff erosion hot spot in San Diego County due to extensive deep-seated landslide (Adam P Young, 2015). Other areas in north San Diego County, such as Encinitas and Del Mar, have also experienced a number of significant cliff failures in recent years. Researchers are advancing understanding of how wave-cliff impacts and rainfall contribute to both upper and lower coastal cliff erosion providing insight into how increasing sea levels, and storm driven waves and rainfall may further accelerate this erosion (Young et al., 2021) Page 321 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 131 5.2.11. TSUNAMI Nature of the Hazard A tsunami is a series of long waves generated in the ocean by a sudden displacement of a large volume of water. Underwater earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, meteoric impacts, or onshore slope failures can cause this displacement. Tsunami waves can travel at speeds averaging 450 to 600 miles per hour. As a tsunami nears the coastline, its speed diminishes, its wavelength decreases, and its height increases greatly. After a major earthquake or other tsunami-inducing activity occurs, a tsunami could reach the shore within a few minutes. One coastal community may experience no damaging waves while another may experience very destructive waves. Some low-lying areas could experience severe inland inundation of water and deposition of debris more than 3,000 feet inland. Historically the impact of Tsunamis on the San Diego coastline has been low, but inundation maps developed by the California Office of Emergency Services and the California Geologic Survey show the potential for moderate damage along low-lying areas. The California Geologic Survey has developed Tsunami Inundation maps that can be found at: http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/geologic_hazards/Tsunami/Inundation_Maps. Disaster History Wave heights and run-up elevations from tsunami along the San Diego Coast have historically fallen within the normal range of the tides (Joy 1968). The largest tsunami effect recorded in San Diego since 1950 was May 22, 1960, which had a maximum wave height 2.1 feet (NOAA, 1993). In this event, 80 meters of dock were destroyed, and a barge sunk in Quivera Basin. Other tsunamis felt in San Diego County occurred on November 5, 1952, with a wave height of 2.3 feet and caused by an earthquake in Kamchatka; March 9, 1957, with a wave height of 1.5 feet; May 22, 1960, at 2.1 feet; March 27, 1964 with a wave height of 3.7 feet, February 2010 with a wave height of 0.6 meters; June, 2011 with wave height of 2 feet; and January 15, 2022 with a wave height of 1-3 feet.125F125F125F 130 It should be noted that damage does not necessarily occur in direct relationship to wave height, illustrated by the fact that the damages caused by the 2.1-foot wave height in 1960 were worse than damages caused by several other tsunamis with higher wave heights. The California Tsunami Program, led by the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) and the California Geological Survey (CGS), is responsible for updating the State’s Tsunami Hazard Area Maps for emergency response planning and public safety. Communities use the State tsunami maps to develop and update their evacuation maps and plans. The State is constantly evaluating tsunami events, sources, and analysis techniques to ensure that coastal communities are safe from tsunami hazards. The State has updated previous 2009 Tsunami Inundation Maps by working with local emergency management officials and Cal OES. Each County provides important considerations to CGS’ decision on the inland boundaries of the Tsunami Hazard Area. The State tsunami website (www.tsunami.ca.gov), includes new Tsunami Hazard Area maps/data available to view and download using easy-to-use, interactive web applications. Find a location by typing in an address or use a current location to pinpoint the location on the Tsunami Hazard Map. This is useful to find out if you are in a Tsunami Hazard Area wherever you live, work, or visit. As local tsunami evacuation brochures are developed, they will also be added to the online map interface.126F126F126F 131 Hazard Impacts Tsunamis are a threat to life and property along the coast. From 1950 to 2007, 478 tsunamis were recorded globally. Fifty-one of these events caused fatalities, to a total of over 308,000 coastal residents. The 130 https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/tsunami/runup-more-info/36305. 131 California Tsunami Program, “Tsunami Hazard Area Maps Talking Points.” 2022. Page 322 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 132 overwhelming majority of these events occurred in the Pacific basin. Recent tsunamis have struck Nicaragua, Indonesia, and Japan, killing several thousand people. Property damage due to these waves was nearly $1 billion. Historically, tsunamis originating in the northern Pacific and along the west coast of South America have caused more damage on the west coast of the United States than tsunamis originating in Japan and the Southwest Pacific. It is consensus that San Diego County could see moderate impacts from a tsunami originating in the Pacific Ocean, specifically a far source originating in the Aleutian Islands. However, a near source tsunami event originating from an offshore displacement of geological material, earthquake or underwater landslide can occur any time. The resulting floodwater waves can carry damaging debris and inundate homes, businesses, and government buildings in the coastal cities such as the cities of San Diego, National City, Carlsbad, and the various beach communities. Location & Extent/Probability of Occurrence & Magnitude The figures below display the locations and extent of tsunami, coastal storm, erosion and sea level rise hazard areas for the County of San Diego. As shown in these figures, the highest risk zones in San Diego County are located within the coastal zone of San Diego County. Coastal storm hazards are most likely during El Nino events: Page 323 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 133 FIGURE 8: MAP OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY COASTAL STORM/EROSION/TSUNAMI HAZARD AREAS (1 OF 5) Page 324 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 134 Figure 9: Map of San Diego County Sea Level Rise Hazard Areas (1 Of 5) Page 325 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 135 FIGURE 10: MAP OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY COASTAL STORM/EROSION/TSUNAMI HAZARD AREAS (2 OF 5) Page 326 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 136 Figure 11: Map of San Diego County Sea Level Rise Hazard Areas (2 of 5) Page 327 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 137 FIGURE 12: MAP OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY COASTAL STORM/EROSION/TSUNAMI HAZARD AREAS (3 OF 5) Page 328 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 138 Figure 13: Map of San Diego County Sea Level Rise Hazard Areas (3 of 5) Page 329 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 139 FIGURE 14: MAP OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY COASTAL STORM/EROSION/TSUNAMI HAZARD AREAS (4 OF 5) Page 330 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 140 FIGURE 15: MAP OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY SEA LEVEL RISE HAZARD AREAS (4 OF 5) Page 331 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 141 FIGURE 3: MAP OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY COASTAL STORM/EROSION/TSUNAMI HAZARD AREAS (5 OF 5) Page 332 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 142 FIGURE 17: MAP OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY SEA LEVEL RISE HAZARD AREAS (5 OF 5) Page 333 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 143 Data used to profile this group of hazards included the digitized flood zones from the FEMA FIRM Flood maps, NOAA historical shoreline data, and Caltrans’ coastal zone boundary for the coastal storm/erosion hazard. Maximum tsunami run up projections modeled by the University of Southern California and distributed by the California Office of Emergency Services were used for identifying tsunami hazard. The tsunami model was the result of a combination of inundation modeling and onsite surveys and shows maximum projected inundation levels from tsunamis along the entire coast of San Diego County. NOAA historical tsunami effects data were also used, which showed locations where tsunami effects have been felt, and when available, details describing size and location of earthquakes that caused the tsunamis. The Shoreline Erosion Assessment and Atlas of the San Diego Region Volumes I and II (SANDAG, 1992) were reviewed for the shoreline erosion category. This publication shows erosion risk levels of high, moderate, and low for the entire coastline of San Diego County. For modeling purposes, the VE Zone of the FEMA FIRM map series was used as the high hazard value for coastal storms and coastal erosion. The VE Zone is defined by FEMA as the coastal area subject to a velocity hazard (wave action). Coastal storm and erosion risk were determined to be high if areas were found within the VE zone of the FEMA FIRM maps. Tsunami hazard risk levels were determined to be high if an area was within the maximum projected tsunami run-up and inundation area. According to University of Southern California engineers, the “likelihood of a large tsunami to strike California would be hard to predict… small tsunamis will swell into California [which includes San Diego County] every few years.”127F127F127F 132 128F128F 133 In addition, Cal OES and CGS are preparing a new type of tsunami hazard map, the probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis map, which will show potential tsunami events that have a 1000-year average return occurrence. The probability of this hazard occurrence is “Unlikely”, meaning less than 1 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of greater than every 100 years. However, HAZUS Data Evaluations, Vulnerability Assessments, Hazard Seminar Series, and input from Subject Matter Experts and the public determined this hazard’s Overall Significance rating is “Medium”, meaning the criteria falls mostly in the middle ranges of classifications and the event’s impacts on the planning area are noticeable but not devastating. 5.2.12. WILDFIRE/STRUCTURE FIRE Nature of Hazard A structure fire hazard is one where there is a risk of a fire starting in an urban setting and spreading uncontrollably from one building to another across several city blocks, or within high-rise buildings. A wildfire is an uncontrolled fire spreading through vegetative fuels and exposing or possibly consuming structures. They often begin unnoticed and spread quickly. Naturally occurring and non-native species of grasses, brush, and trees fuel wildfires. A wildfire is in a wildland area in which development is essentially nonexistent—except for roads, railroads, power lines and similar facilities. An Urban-Wildland/Urban Interface fire is a wildfire in a geographical area where structures and other human development meet or intermingle with wildland or vegetative fuels. Significant development in San Diego County is located along canyon ridges at the wildland/urban interface. Areas that have experienced prolonged droughts or are excessively dry are at risk of wildfires. People start more than 80 percent of wildfires, usually as debris burns, arson, or carelessness. Lightning strikes are the next leading cause of wildfires. Wildfire behavior is based on three primary factors: fuel, topography, and weather. The type, and amount of fuel, as well as its burning qualities and level of moisture affect wildfire potential and behavior. 132 https://news.usc.edu/6031/A-Tsunami-50-Feet-High-Could-Hit-Southern-California/ 133 https://news.usc.edu/6031/A-Tsunami-50-Feet-High-Could-Hit-Southern-California/ Page 334 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 144 The continuity of fuels, expressed in both horizontal and vertical components is also a determinant of wildfire potential and behavior. Topography is important because it affects the movement of air (and thus the fire) over the ground surface. The slope and shape of terrain can change the speed at which the fire travels, and the ability of firefighters to reach and extinguish the fire. Weather affects the probability of wildfire and has a significant effect on its behavior. Temperature, humidity, and wind (both short and long term) affect the severity and duration of wildfires. San Diego County’s topography consists of a semi-arid coastal plain and rolling highlands which, when fueled by shrub overgrowth, occasional Santa Ana winds and high temperatures, creates an ever-present threat of wildland fire. Extreme weather conditions such as high temperature, low humidity, and/or winds of extraordinary force may cause an ordinary fire to expand into one of massive proportions. Large fires would have several indirect effects beyond those that a smaller, more localized fire would create. These may include air quality and health issues, road closures, business closures, and others that increase the potential losses that can occur from this hazard. Modeling for a larger type of fire would be difficult, but the consequences of the three largest San Diego fires this century (October, 2003, October 2007 and May 2014) should be used as a guide for fire planning and mitigation. Disaster History San Diego County’s third worst wildfire in history, known as the Laguna Fire, destroyed thousands of acres in the backcountry in September of 1970. The fire resulted in the loss or destruction of 383 homes and 1,200 other structures. In October 2003, the second-worse wild-land fire in the history of San Diego County destroyed 332,766 acres of land, 3,239 structures and 17 deaths at a cost of approximately $450M. San Diego County’s worst wildfire occurred in October 2007. At the height of the firestorm there were seven fires burning within the County. The fires destroyed 369,000 acres (13% of the County), 2,670 structures, 239 vehicles, and two commercial properties. There were 10 civilian deaths, 23 civilian injuries and 10 firefighter injuries. The cost of fire exceeded $1.5 billion. Wildland fires prompted seven (7) Proclaimed States of Emergency, and Urban/Intermix Fires prompted four (4) Proclaimed States of Emergency in the County of San Diego between 1950-2020. The table below lists the most recent major wildfires in San Diego County. Page 335 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 145 TABLE 19: MAJOR WILDFIRES IN SAN DIEGO COUNTY LARGER THAN 5,000 ACRES OR RESULTING IN SIGNIFICANT STRUCTURE LOSS Fire Date Acres Burned Structures Destroyed Structures Damaged Deaths Conejos Fire July 1950 62,000 Not Available Not Available 0 Laguna Fire October 1970 190,000 382 Not Available 5 Harmony Fire (Carlsbad, Elfin Forest, San Marcos) October 1996 8,600 122 142 1 Viejas Fire January 2001 10,353 23 6 0 Gavilan Fire (Fallbrook) February 2002 6,000 43 13 0 Pines Fire (Julian, Ranchita) July 2002 61,690 45 121 0 Cedar Fire October 2003 280,278 5,171 63 14 Paradise Fire October 2003 57,000 415 15 2 Otay Fire October 2003 46,291 6 0 0 Roblar (Pendleton) October 2003 8,592 0 0 0 Mataguay Fire* July 2004 8,867 2 0 0 Horse Fire* July 2006 16,681 Not Available Not Available 0 Witch Creek Fire* October 2007 197,990 1,125 77 2 Harris Fire* October 2007 90,440 255 12 5 Poomacha Fire* October 2007 49,410 139 Not Available 0 Ammo Fire* October 2007 21,004 Not Available Not Available 0 Rice Fire* October 2007 9,472 208 Not Available 0 May 2014 San Diego County Wildfires May 2014 26,000 65 19 0 Border Fire June 2016 7,609 18 4 2 Lilac Fire December 2017 4,100 157 64 0 West Fire July 2018 504 48 Not Available 0 Valley Fire September 2020 16,390 66 Not Available 0 Southern Fire May 2021 5,366 5 Not Available 0 Border 32 Fire September 2022 4,456 14 Not Available 0 * Information gathered from the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection website Page 336 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 146 As of 12/31/2022 there have been no additional significant wildfire events in the planning area. Hazard Impacts Hazard impacts can include but are not limited to increased flooding risk over burn scar areas, environmental impacts/damage, air quality impacts, loss of resources such as utilities, asset/structure damage and/or total loss, injury, and death. Location & Extent/Probability of Occurrence & Magnitude The wildfire maps use the CAL Fire Resource Assessment Program data for Fire Hazard Severity Zones. Page 337 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 147 FIGURE 18: CAL FIRE FIRE HAZARD SEVERITY ZONES (HIGH AND VERY HIGH) Page 338 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 148 Under current climate conditions, the wildfire threat to property, lives, and ecosystems in the San Diego region is very high. With hotter temperatures and possibly fewer rainy days in the coming decades, vegetation could become drier. As a result, it is likely that San Diego region will see an increase in the frequency and intensity of fires, making the region more vulnerable to devastating fires like the ones seen in 2003 and 2007.128F129F129F 134 The fire season could also become longer and less predictable, making firefighting efforts more costly.129F130F130F 135 Building density is also a factor in potential building loss during a wildfire. A recent study in the Ecological Society of America’s publication Ecological Applications130F131F131F 136 indicates that the area of the building clusters, the number of buildings in the cluster and building dispersion all contribute to the potential for building loss. While all three factors had a positive influence on the number of structures lost, larger building structures were most strongly associated with building loss. The most likely reason being that more buildings are exposed. Two other top factors were the number of buildings in the cluster and the distance to the nearest building. In the Mediterranean California model the closer the buildings were to each other the less likely they were to be affected. An increase in wildfire also impacts public health. Fire-related injuries and death are likely to increase as wildfires occur more frequently.131F132F132F 137 Wildfires can also be a significant contributor to air pollution. Wildfire smoke contains numerous toxic and hazardous pollutants that are dangerous to breath and can worsen lung disease and other respiratory conditions.132F133F133F 138 From May to October of each year, San Diego County faces a severe wildfire threat. Fires will continue to occur on an almost annual basis in the San Diego County Area. The threat of wildfire and potential losses consistently increase as human development and population increase in the wildland urban interface area in the County. According to the Cal Fire Redbook, there have been 1,113 wildfires recorded for San Diego County between 2015 and 2021. Based on climate and weather in San Diego County and the fuels, topography, past fire history, and the Cal Fire Redbook which indicates an average of 159 wildfires per year, the probability of future wildfire events are considered “Highly Likely”. 5.2.13. SEVERE WINTER WEATHER Nature of Hazard According to the National Weather Service (NWS), a winter storm is a life-threatening combination of heavy snow, blowing snow and/or dangerous wind chills. However, most severe winter storms in the County of San Diego consist of heavy rain events, sometimes accompanied by thunderstorms, high winds, dense fog, hail, and freeze events. Heavy rain refers to events where the amount of rain exceeds normal levels. The amount of precipitation needed to qualify as heavy rain varies with location and season. The County of San Diego’s weather is influenced by the Pacific Ocean and routine climate patterns such as El Niño. El Niño is the warm phase of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation cycle, a pattern found in the tropical Pacific when there are fluctuations in temperatures between the ocean and atmosphere. During El Niño, the surface winds across the entire tropical Pacific are weaker than normal and the ocean surface is at above- average temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. El Niño typically develops over North America during the winter season causing the severe winter storms experienced by the County. This 134 San Diego’s Changing Climate: A Regional Wake-Up Call. A Summary of the Focus 2050 Study Presented by The San Diego Foundation. 135 Ibid. 136 Alexander, Patricia M., et. al. (2016). Factors related to Building Loss Due to Wildfires in the Conterminous United States. Ecological Applications, 0(0), 1-16. 137 Ibid. 138 Ibid. Page 339 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 149 climate pattern occurs every few years and brings with it above-average rain and snow across the southern region of United States, especially in California. A relatively common weather pattern that brings southwest winds and heavy rain to California is often referred to as an atmospheric river. Atmospheric rivers are long, narrow regions in the atmosphere that transport most of the water vapor carried away from the tropics. These columns of vapor move with the weather, carrying large amounts of water vapor and strong winds. When the atmospheric rivers make landfall, they often release this water vapor in the form of rain or snow, causing flooding and mudslides Extreme cold often accompanies a winter storm or is left in its wake. A freeze refers to a particularly cold spell of weather where the temperature drops below 32 degrees, most typically in the early morning hours. Rainfall during these periods may result in snowfall in the higher elevations of the County. Prolonged exposure to cold can be life-threatening, particularly to infants and the elderly. Freezing temperatures can cause significant damage to the agricultural industry. Disaster History A review of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Storm Events Database show one extreme cold/wind chill event, two winter storm events, and three winter weather events were reported for San Diego County from October 1, 2017 through December 31, 2022. The following narrative from the NCEI and other sources summarizes each event: January 20, 2018 - A weak trough and associate cold front brought light showers and breezy winds. A light coating of snow caused issues in the mountains. A quick burst of snow produced snow covered roads in Cuyamaca, at Mt. Laguna and along Sunrise Hwy and State Route 79. February 5, 2019 - A cold front moved through Southern California and brought widespread rain, a few inches of snow, and frost to the region. Total rainfall amounts ranged from 1 to 2 inches, locally 4 inches in the San Diego County Mountains. Hourly rainfall thresholds for the Holy burn scar were exceeded in a couple of canyons, with the highest threshold of 0.71 per hour in Horsethief Canyon. Widespread frost occurred on February 7th, and reached the coastal areas of San Diego and Orange Counties. Icy roads on I-8 resulted in traffic accidents and two fatalities. February 22, 2019 - A cold upper-level low moved into Southern California on February 21st and brought heavy snow, rain and hail. Julian received 8-12 inches of snow. Snow levels went down went down to 2,000 ft in the San Diego County Mountains. Reports of small hail in the coastal and valley areas. Intestate 8 was closed for 12 hours due to snow covered and icy roads. March 10, 2019 - A weak atmospheric river moved over Southern California between March 6-11, bringing light to moderate rain, significant lightning and snow between 5,000 and 7,000 ft. Significant lightning from warm frontal lift and instability occurred throughout most of the region, with 500 cloud flashes and 330 cloud-to-ground strikes. Palomar Mountain received 3 inches of snow. November 7, 2020 - An upper-level trough brought notable lower elevation rain and mountain snow across Southern California from November 7th - 9th. The cold nature of the system also brought chilly temperatures to the region, especially in areas of the High Desert. Portions of the mountains in San Diego County received significant snowfall. Mount Laguna measured a total of 7 inches, while Palomar Mountain measured 4 inches of snow. February 23, 2022 - A potent trough of low pressure from the Pacific brought cold weather across the region. The region also saw some lower elevation snowfall with higher elevations receiving over one foot of snow. Record cold temperatures and highway closures were the main impacts as this system swept through the region from February 21st to 23rd. Many areas saw temperatures lowering into the 20s and 30s. Page 340 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 150 Julian dropped to 18 degrees on the 24th and Lake Cuyamaca broke a daily record low of 12 degrees on the 25th. The Storm Events Database collects information on each event from a variety of sources, including but not limited to, county, state, and federal emergency management officials, newspaper clipping services, and the insurance industry. A review of the Storm Events Database for events in San Diego County also showed 212 records related to heavy snow, heavy rain, frost/freeze, and high wind. The following table summarizes the events recorded in the NCEI database. TABLE 20: NCEI SEVERE WINTER WEATHER EVENTS REPORTED FOR SAN DIEGO COUNTY, OCTOBER 1, 2017 – DECEMBER 31, 2022 Event Type Location # of Events Property Damage ($) Deaths Heavy Snow San Diego County Mountains 13 $100,000 0 San Diego County Valleys 1 0 0 Heavy Rain San Diego County 68 0 0 Frost/Freeze San Diego County Valleys 5 0 0 San Diego County Deserts 1 0 0 San Diego County Coastal Areas 1 0 0 High Wind San Diego County Mountains 97 $31,000 0 San Diego County Valleys 19 $30,000 0 San Diego County Deserts 5 0 0 San Diego County Coastal Areas 2 0 0 Total 212 $161,000 0 Source: NCEI, Storm Events Database Page 341 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 151 Hazard Impacts The most common problems associated with severe winter storms are immobility and loss of utilities. Fatalities are uncommon but can occur. Roads may become impassable due to flooding, downed trees, or a landslide. Power lines may be downed due to high winds, and services such as water or phone may not be able to operate without power. Heavy rain can have significant impacts, including flash flooding and landslides. Stormwater runoff from heavy rains can also impair water quality by washing pollutants into water bodies. During winter storms, transboundary flows of raw sewage and urban runoff increase at the Tijuana River along the U.S-Mexico border, which results in beach advisories and closures along San Diego’s coastal beaches due to unsafe bacteria levels that may cause illnesses. Late or early freeze events can have a devastating effect on agriculture of the region. Crops can be damaged by below-freezing temperatures. Prolonged exposure to cold can cause frostbite or hypothermia and can be life-threatening. Infants and the elderly are most susceptible. Of significant concern is the impact to populations with special needs and those requiring the use of medical equipment. The residents of nursing homes and elder care facilities are especially vulnerable to extreme temperature events. In addition to vulnerable populations, pets and livestock are at risk to freeze and cold. Pipes may freeze and burst in homes or buildings that are poorly insulated or without heat. Location & Extent/Probability of Occurrence & Magnitude A marked feature of San Diego’s climate is the wide variation in temperature within short distances. In nearby valleys, nights are noticeably cooler in the winter, and freezing occurs much more frequently compared to urban areas of the County. Although records show unusually small daily temperature ranges, only about 15 degrees between the highest and lowest readings, a few miles inland these ranges increase to 30 degrees or more. The seasonal rainfall is about 10 inches in coastal areas but increases with elevation and distance from the coast. In the mountains to the north and east, the average rainfall is between 20 and 40 inches, depending on slope and elevation. Most of the precipitation falls in winter, except in the mountains where there is an occasional thunderstorm. Eighty-five percent of the rainfall occurs from November through March, but wide variations take place in monthly and seasonal totals. Due to the County of San Diego’s history of severe winter weather events, severe winter weather in the County of San Diego is “Highly Likely” to continue to occur, meaning 90 to 100 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 1 to 10 years. According to the NCEI Weather Database, there have been 14 heavy snow events, 68 heavy rain events, 7 frost freeze events, and 123 high wind events, which total up to 212 severe winter weather events in the County of San Diego’s Valleys, Deserts, and Coastal Areas between October 1, 2017 and December 31, 2022. This means there is a 11% chance on any given day of a severe winter weather event occurring over the course of a year. Climate Change Considerations Severe winter weather events are going to become more extreme regarding climate change effects. These events are primarily atmospheric rivers and will become more so in the future based on global climate models (Gershunov et al., 2019). The highest priority mitigation actions to reduce climate change impacts on this hazard should include preparation, with strong attention to weather forecasts and available social services, infrastructure (e.g., Warming Centers), and programs to support installation of backup power supplies to address power failure during times of extreme cold and freeze. Page 342 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 152 5.2.14. ALL-HAZARD EVACUATIONS Evacuation is a process by which people must move from a place where there is immediate or anticipated danger, to a place of safety, and offered appropriate and accessible temporary shelter facilities. A decision to evacuate areas will be made through Unified Command. Law enforcement agencies are the primary lead for evacuation activities, with other agencies playing supporting roles. The overarching goal of evacuation planning in San Diego County is to maximize the preservation of life while reducing the number of people that must evacuate and the distance they must travel to seek refuge. The County of San Diego Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan’s (OA EOP’s) Annex Q (Evacuation Annex) is written in coordination with this plan, and describes how emergency personnel will cooperate, decide, and implement responses to a disaster that requires an evacuation of people and their pets. The OA EOP Evacuation Annex aims to lessen the impact a large-scale evacuation can have on the host communities by providing estimates for the number of people who may require sheltering or transportation assistance and the estimated number of pets that may need to be evacuated.133F134F134F 139 Legal Considerations It is important to note evacuation strategies, routes, and locations may vary due to the type, severity, movement, and other unique features of a hazard. For example, the maps below can be used to evacuate during a Tsunami hazard: 139 San Diego County Emergency Operations Plan Page 343 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 153 FIGURE 19: COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO, TSUNAMI EVACUATION MAP 1 Page 344 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 154 FIGURE 20: COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO, TSUNAMI EVACUATION MAP 2 Page 345 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 155 The EOP Evacuation Annex provides hazard specific considerations, general evacuation transportation routes and capacities, evacuation resources available locally and through mutual aid, and disability and access and functional needs considerations. 134F135F135F 140 Evacuation orders should be issued when there is a clear and immediate threat to the health and safety of the population, and it is determined that evacuation is the best option for protection. The State of California, San Diego County, and the jurisdictions within, through the Unified Disaster Council, have agreed to use the language below, as described in FireScope, to communicate evacuations: Evacuation Warning: The alerting of people in an affected area(s) of potential threat to life and property. An Evacuation Warning considers the probability that an area will be affected within a given time frame and prepares people for a potential evacuation order. Evacuation Warnings are particularly necessary when dealing with a variety of issues such as special needs populations and large animals. Evacuation Order: Requires the immediate movement of people out of an affected area due to an imminent threat to life. Shelter-In-Place: Advises people to stay secure at their current location. This tactic shall only be used if an evacuation will cause a higher potential for loss of life. Consideration should be given to assigning incident personnel to monitor the safety of those remaining in place. The concept of shelter-in-place is an available option in those instances where physical evacuation is impractical. This procedure may be effective for residential dwellings in the immediately impacted areas, or for large facilities that house a high percentage of non-ambulatory persons (e.g., hospitals and convalescent homes). Sheltering-in-place attempts to provide a safe haven within the impacted area. In 2005, the Chief Legal Counsel for the San Diego Sheriff’s Department maintained an opinion based on case law that Penal Code Section 409.5 does not authorize forcible or mandatory evacuations. The Chief Legal Counsel stated, “without a specific legislative amendment to Penal Code Section 409.5, it would be improper to infer statutory authority to forcibly evacuate people who do not wish to be evacuated, unless their presence in the closed area, resulted from an entry made after the area was closed pursuant to 409.5(a) or 409.5(b).” See Attachment 4 for Penal Code 409.5. Emergency responders shall make every effort to inform people that failure to evacuate may result in serious physical injury or death and that future opportunities to evacuate may not exist. Law enforcement will document the location of individuals that refuse to evacuate. Once, Unified Command orders an evacuation, it is critical that public information dissemination, sheltering resources, and security and protection of private property are provided to a level where the public feels evacuation is more desirable than staying behind. This plan specifically provides a condensed version of potential evacuation routes and temporary evacuation locations to be used under a range of emergency scenarios. However, during a true hazard, please be advised Unified Command and law enforcement instructions are subject to change depending on hazard types and conditions. 140 San Diego County Emergency Operations Plan Page 346 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 156 Evacuation Routes: Evacuations that must be conducted during the standard working commuting hours will severely impact evacuation routes. If possible, alternate routes should be used or contraflow methods should be explored. The following maps show the major highways within the San Diego OA and the most congested segments of those highways during the morning and evening commutes. Page 347 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 157 FIGURE 21: SAN DIEGO COUNTY 2021 TOP 10 MORNING CONGESTED SEGMENTS Page 348 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 158 FIGURE 22: SAN DIEGO COUNTY 2021 TOP 10 AFTERNOON CONGESTED SEGMENTS Page 349 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 159 Temporary Evacuation Points & Sheltering When law enforcement implements an evacuation order, they will coordinate with the Unified Command to decide on a location to use as a Temporary Evacuation Point (TEP). A TEP is a site with limited resources and staffing, as its primary purpose is to provide evacuees with a safe and protected place to congregate temporarily until people can return home or relocate to another facility. TEP location choices are situationally dependent, but can be places like a school, community center, or church. The Operational Area Emergency Operations Center (OA EOC), along with the OA EOC Care & Shelter Branch, will coordinate the locations to be used as emergency shelters if necessary. The OA EOC staff may assist, as requested, in the coordination of an evacuation in an incorporated city. The San Diego Sheriff’s Department Dispatch Center, in conjunction with the OA EOC and Joint Information Center (JIC), will utilize the AlertSanDiego system, social media, radio, television, IPAWS, etc. to direct evacuees to the established TEP or shelter. Local jurisdictions all have access to the same alert and warning tools as the OA and should follow their internal protocols for sharing information with the public. TEPs will serve as temporary safe zones for evacuees, but they generally do not provide any services, such as food, water, restrooms, etc. Emergency shelters are opened when at least one overnight stay is necessary. Basic services are provided at emergency shelters, which includes meals, accessible shower facilities, dormitory management, health, and behavioral health services. Some temporary evacuation points may be suitable to be converted into an emergency shelter location, if necessary and available. When overnight sheltering is required, Annex G: Care and Shelter Operations of the County of San Diego Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan (OA EOP) will be activated. 135F136F136F 141 5.3. VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT Vulnerability describes how exposed or susceptible to damage an asset is, and depends on an asset’s construction, contents, and the economic value of its functions. This vulnerability analysis predicts the extent of injury and damage that may result from a hazard event of a given intensity in each area on the existing and future built environment. Like indirect damages, the vulnerability of one element of the community is often related to the vulnerability of another. Indirect effects can be much more widespread and damaging than direct effects. For example, damage to a major utility line could result in significant inconveniences and business disruption that would far exceed the cost of repairing the utility line. The vulnerability assessment for this plan was conducted by the County of San Diego Land Use and Environment Group’s Geographic Information Systems staff (listed in Section 2). All planning participants were requested by County OES to provide feedback on assessment data and attest to respective jurisdictional accuracy on November 10, 2021 via electronic communication. 5.3.1. ASSET INVENTORY Hazards that occur in San Diego County can impact critical facilities located in the County. A critical facility is defined as a facility in either the public or private sector that provides essential products and services to the public, is otherwise necessary to preserve the welfare and quality of life in the County, or fulfills important public safety, emergency response, and/or disaster recovery functions. 141 Ibid Page 350 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 160 The figure in the next subsection shows the critical facilities identified for the County. The critical facilities identified in San Diego County include: • hospitals and other health care facilities • emergency operations facilities • fire stations • police stations • schools • hazardous material sites • transportation systems that include airport facilities, bridges, bus and rail facilities • marinas and port facilities • highways • utility systems that include electric power facilities, natural gas facilities, crude and refined oil facilities, potable and wastewater facilities, and communications facilities and utilities • dams • government office/civic centers, jails, prisons, military facilities, religious facilities, and post offices. GIS, HAZUS-MH, and other modeling tools were used to map the critical facilities in the county and to determine which would most likely be affected by each of the profiled hazards. San Diego County covers 4,261 square miles with several different climate patterns and types of terrain, which allows for several hazards to affect several different parts of the county and several jurisdictions at once or separately.136F137F137F 142 The hazards addressed are described in the previous section. 5.3.2. ESTIMATING POTENTIAL EXPOSURE & LOSSES AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT TRENDS GIS modeling was used to estimate exposure to population, critical facilities, infrastructure, and residential/commercial properties, from: • Coastal storms/erosion • Tsunami • Wildfire/Structure fire • Dam failure • Landslide • Human-caused hazards The specific methods and results of all analyses are presented below. The results are shown as potential exposure in thousands of dollars, and as the worst-case scenario. For infrastructure, which has been identified as highways, railways and energy pipelines, the length of exposure/impact is given in kilometers. Exposure characterizes the value of structures within the hazard zone, and is shown as estimated exposure based on the overlay of the hazard on the critical facilities, infrastructure, and other structures, which are given an assumed cost of replacement for each type of structure exposed. These replacement costs are estimated using a building square footage inventory purchased from Dun and Bradstreet. The square footage information was classified based on Standard Industrial Code (SIC) and provided at a 2002 census-tract resolution. 142 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/auditor/pdf/adoptedplan_21-23.pdf Page 351 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 161 The loss or exposure value is then determined with the assumption that the given structure is totally destroyed (worst case scenario), which is not always the case in hazard events. This assumption was valuable in the planning process, so that the total potential damage value was identified when determining capabilities and mitigation measures for each jurisdiction. The table below provides abbreviations and average replacement costs used for critical facilities and infrastructure listed in all subsequent exposure/loss tables. The table provides the total inventory and exposure estimates for the critical facilities and infrastructure by jurisdiction and shows the estimated exposure inventory for infrastructure by jurisdiction. The table also provides an inventory of the maximum population and building exposure by jurisdiction. Loss was also estimated for earthquake and flood hazards in the County, in addition to exposure. Loss is that portion of the exposure that is expected to be lost to a hazard and is estimated by referencing frequency and severity of previous hazards. Hazard risk assessment methodologies embedded in HAZUS, FEMA’s loss estimation software, were applied to earthquake and flood hazards in San Diego County. HAZUS (a loss estimation software) integrates with GIS to provide estimates for the potential impact of earthquake and flood hazards by using a common, systematic framework for evaluation. This software contains economic and structural data on infrastructure and critical facilities, including replacement value costs with square footage and valuation parameters to use in loss estimation assumptions. This approach provides estimates for the potential impact by using a common, systematic framework for evaluation. The HAZUS risk assessment methodology is parametric, in that distinct hazard and inventory parameters (e.g. ground shaking and building types) were modeled to determine the impact (damages and losses) on the built environment. The HAZUS-MH models were used to estimate losses from earthquake and flood hazards to critical facilities, infrastructure, and residential/commercial properties, as well as economic losses on several return period events and annualized levels. Loss estimates used available data, and the methodologies applied resulted in an approximation of risk. The economic loss results are presented as the Annualized Loss (AL) for the earthquake hazard. AL addresses the two key components of risk: the probability of the hazard occurring in the study area and the consequences of the hazard, largely a function of building construction type and quality, and of the intensity of the hazard event. By annualizing estimated exposure values, the AL takes into account historic patterns of frequent smaller events with infrequent but larger events to provide a balanced presentation of the risk. These estimates should be used to understand relative risk from hazards and potential losses. Uncertainties are inherent in any loss estimation methodology, arising in part from incomplete scientific knowledge concerning natural hazards and their effects on the built environment. Uncertainties also result from approximations and simplifications that are necessary for a comprehensive analysis (such as incomplete inventories, demographics, or economic parameters). Page 352 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 162 TABLE 21: ABBREVIATIONS AND COSTS USED FOR CRITICAL FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE Abr. Name Building Type (where applicable) Average Replacement Cost AIR Airport facilities - large s1l $14,416,100 BRDG Highway Bridges n/a $6,670,000 BUS Bus facilities c1l $1,830,000 COM Communication facilities c1l $4,000,000 ELEC Electric Power facility c1l $875,000,000 EMER Emergency Centers, Fire Stations and Police Stations c1l $3,048,000 GOVT Government Office/Civic Center c1l $3,048,000 HOSP Medical Care facilities s1m $16,629,250 INFR Kilometers of Infrastructure. Includes: Oil/Gas Pipelines (OG) n/a $683,000 Railroad Tracks (RR) n/a $1,500,000 Highway (HWY) n/a $6,668,000 PORT Port facilities c1l 20,000,000 POT Potable and Wastewater facilities c1l $193,611,700 RAIL Rail facilities c1l $3,000,000 SCH Schools rm1l $74,400 / Student Page 353 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 163 Jurisdiction Data (x1000) AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL Alpine FPD Number 0 37 0 0 1 2 3 0 0 0 5 48 Exposure 0 246,790 0 0 47,000 6,096 9,144 0 0 0 133,644 442,674 Carlsbad Number 1 46 0 0 7 10 11 0 0 5 21 101 Exposure 4,377,391 26,162,610 0 0 100,173,00 0 1,520,952 33,528 0 0 1,884,447 1,274,946 135,426,874 Chula Vista Number 0 66 4 0 8 16 18 2 0 1 70 185 Exposure 0 25,905,350 7,320 0 98,705,000 1,530,096 54,864 33,259 0 30,000 156,709,430 282,975,319 Coronado Number 0 2 0 1 3 3 5 1 0 0 4 19 Exposure 0 13,340 0 4,000 141,000 1,304,544 15,240 16,629 0 0 225,996 1,720,749 Del Mar Number 0 6 0 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 13 Exposure 0 25,484,190 0 0 0 234,696 12,192 0 0 0 0 25,731,078 El Cajon Number 1 59 3 0 8 12 17 0 0 0 34 134 Exposure 4,368,696 393,530 5,490 0 97,378,000 1,539,240 51,816 0 0 0 153,980,088 257,716,860 Encinitas Number 0 17 0 0 1 7 10 1 0 1 12 49 Exposure 0 111,490 0 0 47,000 21,336 30,480 16,629 0 163,612 579,494 27,204,413 Escondido Number 0 78 0 1 11 12 17 1 0 2 35 157 Exposure 0 24,980,140 0 4,000 96,004,000 1,539,240 51,816 16,629 0 2,151,670 2,129,942 126,877,437 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 0 5 12 Exposure 0 0 0 0 0 1,252,728 15,240 0 0 0 289,784 1,557,752 La Mesa Number 0 44 2 0 2 5 6 1 0 0 14 74 Exposure 0 23,734,770 3,660 0 90,302,000 1,548,384 18,288 16,629 0 0 668,146 116,291,877 Lemon Grove Number 0 15 0 0 1 3 5 0 0 0 5 29 Exposure 0 23,460,350 0 0 47,000 1,548,384 15,240 0 0 0 208,236 25,279,210 National City Number 0 65 0 0 6 5 7 1 0 0 15 99 Exposure 0 23,407,010 0 0 282,000 1,548,384 21,336 16,629 0 0 919,450 26,194,809 Oceanside Number 1 46 1 2 4 16 19 1 0 2 37 129 Exposure 3,501,640 23,054,470 1,830 8,000 89,897,000 1,554,480 57,912 16,629 0 327,223 149,017,722 267,436,906 Otay Water District Number 0 85 1 15 16 20 15 1 0 2 65 220 Exposure 0 566,950 1,830 60,000 4,892,000 60,960 45,720 16,629 0 193,612 10,820,428 16,658,129 Poway Number 0 51 0 0 4 4 4 1 0 8 10 82 Exposure 0 340,170 0 0 188,000 1,219,200 12,192 16,629 0 1,290,000 666,962 3,733,153 TABLE 22: INVENTORY OF CRITICAL FACILITIES AND EXPOSURE VALUE BY JURISDICTION Page 354 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 164 Jurisdiction Data (x1000) AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL Padre Dam Municipal Water District Number 1 145 0 0 3 11 11 0 0 1 28 200 Exposure 263,077 967,150 0 0 141,000 33,528 33,528 0 0 163,612 8,060,450 9,662,345 Port of San Diego Number 1 3 0 0 3 7 4 0 1 0 0 19 Exposure 300,604 19,060 0 0 969,000 21,336 12,192 0 719,793 0 0 2,041,985 Rainbow Municipal Water District Number 0 43 0 1 3 4 2 0 0 2 4 59 Exposure 0 286,810 0 4,000 1,797,000 12,192 6,096 0 0 60,000 150,590 2,316,688 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Number 0 26 0 0 5 4 5 0 0 8 6 54 Exposure 0 173,420 0 0 1,063,000 12,192 15,240 0 0 1,008,059 310,874 2,582,785 San Diego (City) Number 3 625 12 34 82 108 150 9 2 9 309 1,343 Exposure 4,330,939 20,479,000 21,960 716,000 83,721,000 1,767,840 457,200 149,663 726,492 5,579,457 150,957,410 268,906,961 San Diego County Water Authority Number 6 1,592 24 70 182 285 346 18 2 52 722 3,299 Exposure 1,540,729 10,541,690 43,920 280,000 44,986,000 868,680 1,054,608 299,327 726,493 4,900,293 92,015,670 157,257,409 San Marcos Number 0 24 1 2 2 10 8 0 0 0 30 77 Exposure 0 6,945,810 1,830 360,000 36,879,000 1,969,008 24,384 0 0 0 103,068,310 149,248,342 San Miguel FPD Number 0 100 0 0 4 10 10 0 0 3 30 157 Exposure 0 667,000 0 0 188,000 30,480 30,480 0 0 193,612 4,125,426 5,234,998 Santee Number 0 50 0 1 1 3 7 0 0 1 11 74 Exposure 0 333,500 0 4,000 47,000 914,400 21,336 0 0 163,612 682,576 2,166,424 Solana Beach Number 0 4 0 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 4 13 Exposure 0 26,680 0 0 0 3,048 12,192 0 0 0 113,146 155,066 Sweetwater Authority Number 0 124 3 0 13 14 24 2 0 2 49 231 Exposure 0 816,630 5,490 0 2,267,000 42,672 73,152 33,259 0 60,000 2,687,162 5,985,365 Unincorporated Number 1 567 0 37 73 85 78 1 0 32 115 989 Exposure 4,232,543 5,091,690 0 644,000 35,841,000 938,784 237,744 16,629 0 11,853,925 97,291,574 156,147,889 Vista Number 0 15 1 0 2 13 9 0 0 0 22 62 Exposure 0 1,285,990 1,830 0 94,000 2,054,352 27,432 0 0 0 1,124,726 4,588,330 Vista Irrigation District Number 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 Exposure 0 25,730 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 91,464 117,194 Total Number 16 3,993 53 176 451 684 819 40 5 137 1,705 8,079 Total Exposure (x $1,000) 22,915,61 9 245,521,32 0 95,1605 2,084,000 786,096,00 0 25,097,232 2,450,592 665,169 2,172,7 78 30,023,134 938,303,646 2,081,659,021 TABLE 22: INVENTORY OF CRITICAL FACILITIES AND EXPOSURE VALUE BY JURISDICTION Page 355 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 165 TABLE 23: INVENTORY OF EXPOSURE FOR INFRASTRUCTURE Jurisdiction Data HWY OIL GAS RR TOTAL Alpine FPD Total KMs 17 4 0 21 Exposure (x$1,000) 113,472 2,733 0 116,205 Carlsbad Total KMs 174 86 29 289 Exposure (x$1,000) 1,163,163 58,835 43,115 1,265,113 Chula Vista Number 317 51 33 401 Exposure (x$1,000) 2,110,623 35,026 49,150,878 51,296,527 Coronado Number 21 16 0 37 Exposure (x$1,000) 137,016 10,978 0 147,994 Del Mar Number 5 9 7 21 Exposure (x$1,000) 30,511 6,004 10,641 47,156 El Cajon Number 159 17 31 207 Exposure (x$1,000) 1,057,030 11,600 46,337 1,114,967 Encinitas Number 86 43 19 148 Exposure (x$1,000) 571,714 29,244 28,656 629,614 Escondido Number 180 28 11 219 Exposure (x$1,000) 1,198,940 19,042 16,686 1,234,668 Imperial Beach Number 5 4 0 9 Exposure (x$1,000) 32,259 2,743 0 35,002 La Mesa Number 123 15 32 170 Exposure (x$1,000) 817,200 10,472 48,176 875,848 Lemon Grove Number 46 6 14 66 Exposure (x$1,000) 303,500 3,813 20,338 327,651 National City Number 125 12 52 189 Exposure (x$1,000) 833,696 8,201 77,996 919,893 Oceanside Number 182 48 43 273 Exposure (x$1,000) 1,210,567 32,856 65,118 1,308,541 Otay Water District Number 180 75 0 255 Exposure (x$1,000) 1,197,512 50,910 0 1,248,422 Page 356 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 166 Jurisdiction Data HWY OIL GAS RR TOTAL Padre Dam Municipal Water Distrct Number 89 36 2 127 Exposure (x1000) 595,562 24,590 2,980 623,132 Port of San Diego Number 17 10 23 50 Exposure (x1000) 112,487 6,870 34,301 153,658 Poway Number 58 9 0 67 Exposure (x$1,000) 385,406 6,350 0 391,756 Rainbow Municipal Water District Number 98 0 0 98 Exposure (x1000) 653,187 0 0 653,187 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Number 10 0 0 10 Exposure (x1000) 67,412 0 0 67,412 San Diego (City) Number 1,388 352 336 2,076 Exposure (x$1,000) 9,256,954 240,237 504,158 10,001,349 San Diego County Water Authority Number 1,980 1,013 262 3,255 Exposure (x1000) 13,205,512 691,636 392,470 14,289,618 San Marcos Number 127 15 32 174 Exposure (x$1,000) 845,959 10,039 47,874 903,872 San Miguel FPD Number 64 40 0 104 Exposure (x$1,000) 425,562 27,448 0 453,010 Santee Number 101 14 2 117 Exposure (x$1,000) 671,014 9,565 2,948 683,527 Solana Beach Number 26 14 7 47 Exposure (x$1,000) 175,461 9,854 9,903 195,218 Sweetwater Authority Number 139 14 22 175 Exposure (x$1,000) 924,810 9,817 33,488 968,115 Unincorporated Number 1,895 269 197 2,361 Exposure (x$1,000) 12,634,636 183,503 295,114 13,113,253 Vista Number 91 23 18 132 Exposure (x$1,000) 603,560 15,475 26,710 645,745 Vista Irrigation District Number 9 3 1 13 Exposure (x$1,000) 60,170 1,744 1,207 63,121 Page 357 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 167 Jurisdiction Data HWY OIL GAS RR TOTAL Total Number 7712 2,226 1,173 11,111 Total Exposure (x $1,000) 51,394,895 1,519,585 50,859,094 103,773,574 Page 358 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 168 TABLE 24: INVENTORY OF THE MAXIMUM POPULATION AND BUILDING EXPOSURE BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial Buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Population Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Alpine FPD 14,696 5,901 2,292,539 494 149,361 Carlsbad 114,253 46,289 17,983,277 3,486 1,053,992 Chula Vista 268,920 82,581 32,082,719 4,967 1,501,772 Coronado 23,639 8,832 3,431,232 857 259,114 Del Mar 4,331 2,561 994,949 546 165,083 El Cajon 103,186 35,721 13,877,609 3,122 943,937 Encinitas 62,780 26,199 10,178,312 3,254 983,847 Escondido 151,300 49,864 19,372,164 2,903 877,722 Imperial Beach 27,315 9,677 3,759,515 421 127,289 La Mesa 59,556 25,248 9,808,848 2,048 619,213 Lemon Grove 26,802 9,454 3,672,879 606 183,224 National City 61,121 16,881 6,558,269 1,413 427,221 Oceanside 175,622 66,456 25,818,156 3,068 927,610 Otay Water District 226,413 67,755 26,322,818 2,841 858,976 Padre Dam Municipal Water District 103,846 38,130 14,813,505 2,830 855,651 Port of San Diego 22,191 8,297 3,223,385 485 146,640 Poway 49,701 16,881 6,558,269 1,590 480,737 Rainbow Municipal Water District 19,267 9,166 3,560,991 459 138,779 Rancho Santa Fe FPD 35,914 11,716 4,551,666 685 207,110 San Diego (city) 1,386,932 504,438 195,974,163 40,485 12,240,640 San Diego County Water Authority 3,201,964 1,123,341 436,417,979 84,686 25,604,812 San Marcos 95,355 29,930 11,627,805 1,869 565,092 San Miguel FPD 138,766 42,518 16,518,243 2,238 676,659 Santee 57,797 20,954 8,140,629 1,404 424,499 Solana Beach 13,356 6,196 2,407,146 1,229 371,588 Sweetwater Authority 194,873 58,293 22,646,831 5,263 1,591,268 Unincorporated 504,330 164,538 63,923,013 11,027 3,334,013 Vista 100,686 33,343 12,953,756 2,802 847,185 Vista Irrigation District 71,634 6,038 2,345,763 469 141,802 Total 7,316,546 2,527,198 981,816,430 187,547 56,704,835 Page 359 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 169 5.3.3. COASTAL STORM/EROSION FEMA FIRM flood hazard data compiled and digitized was used to profile the coastal storm/erosion hazard. Specifically, the FEMA FIRM VE zone was used in the hazard modeling process in HAZUS-MH. As discussed earlier, the VE Zone is defined by FEMA as the coastal area subject to a velocity hazard (wave action). The identified vulnerable assets were superimposed on the identified hazard areas, resulting in three risk/exposure estimates: 1. The aggregated exposure and building count (both dollar exposure and population) at the census block level for residential and commercial occupancies 2. Lifeline infrastructure 3. The critical infrastructure at risk (schools, hospitals, airports, bridges, and other facilities of critical nature). These results were then aggregated and presented by hazard risk level per jurisdiction. The table below provides a breakdown of potential coastal storm/coastal erosion exposure by jurisdiction. No losses to critical facilities and infrastructure are expected from these hazards. Approximately 59,196 people may be at risk from coastal storm/coastal erosion hazards in San Diego County: Page 360 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 170 TABLE 25: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE FROM COASTAL STORM/EROSION HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial Buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Population Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Carlsbad 341 16 6,218 0 0 Chula Vista 0 0 0 0 0 Coronado 3,506 0 0 2 605 Del Mar 70 5 1,943 0 0 El Cajon 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas 958 *108 *35,367 *4 *1,310 Escondido 0 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach 1,570 50 19,430 1 302 La Mesa 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove 0 0 0 0 0 National City 10,038 0 0 0 0 Oceanside 662 5 1,943 2 605 Port of San Diego 7,667 0 0 1 302 Poway 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego (City) 9,322 4 1,554 3 907 San Diego County Water Authority 23,659 30 11,658 5 1,512 San Marcos 0 0 0 0 0 Santee 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach 1,260 0 0 0 0 Unincorporated 143 0 0 0 0 Vista 0 0 0 0 0 Total 59,196 110 42,746 14 4,233 *Coastal Storm Data consistent with the Encinitas – Solana Beach Coastal Storm Damage Reduction Project Page 361 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 171 TABLE 26: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM COASTAL STORM/EROSION HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL Alpine Fire Protection District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Alpine Union School District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chula Vista Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Coronado Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $6,670 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $6,670 Del Mar Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 El Cajon Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Escondido Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 National City Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Oceanside Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Otay Water District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port of San Diego Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $719,793 0 0 $719,793 Poway Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rancho Santa Fed Fire Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Page 362 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 172 Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL Protection District San Diego (City) Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $719,793 0 0 $719,793 San Diego County Water Authority Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Marcos Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Miguel Fire Protection District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santee Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Unincorporated Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Valley Center Municipal Water District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Vista Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Vista Irrigation District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Number Total Exposure (x$1,000) 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 $6,670 0 0 0 0 0 0 $1,439,586 0 0 $1,446,256 Page 363 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 173 TABLE 27: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO INFRASTRUCTURE FROM COASTAL STORM/EROSION HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Carlsbad  Total KMs  1 1 0 2 Exposure (x$1,000)  4,860 22 0 4,882 Chula Vista  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Coronado  Total KMs  2 3 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000)  11,014 1,948 0 12,962 Del Mar  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 El Cajon  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Encinitas  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Escondido  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 La Mesa  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 National City  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Oceanside  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Port of San Diego  Total KMs   1 0 1 2 Exposure (x1000)  9,263 0 89 9,352 Poway  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 San Diego (City)  Total KMs  0 0 1 1 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 89 89 San Diego County Water Authority  Total KMs  1 1 1 3 Exposure (x1000)  4,860 22 89 4,971 San Marcos  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Santee  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Solana Beach  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Unincorporated  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Vista  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Total Number  5 5 3 13 Total Exposure (x $1,000)  29,997 1,992 267 32,256 Page 364 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 174 5.3.4. SEA LEVEL RISE TABLE 28: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE FROM SEA LEVEL RISE (COASTAL FLOODING) HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial Buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Population Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Alpine Fire Protection District 0 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad 622 21 $8,161 4 $1,209 Chula Vista 116 0 0 0 0 Coronado 1,750 112 $43,523 6 $1,814 Del Mar 790 52 $20,207 9 $2,721 El Cajon 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas 316 1 $389 3 $907 Escondido 0 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach 2,629 51 $19,819 11 $3,326 La Mesa 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove 0 0 0 0 0 National City 0 0 0 0 0 Oceanside 261 358 $139,119 51 $15,420 Otay Water District 0 0 0 0 0 Padre Dam Municipal Water District 0 0 0 0 0 Port of San Diego 2,207 0 0 8 $2,419 Poway 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District 0 0 0 0 0 Rancho Santa Fe Fire Protection District 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego (City) 5,490 108 $41,969 85 $25,700 San Diego County Water Authority 9,452 540 $209,844 153 $46,260 San Marcos 0 0 0 0 0 San Miguel Fire Protection District 0 0 0 0 0 Santee 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach 470 0 0 0 0 Unincorporated 0 0 0 1 302 Vista 0 0 0 0 0 Vista Irrigation District 0 0 0 0 0 Total 24,103 1,243 $483,030 331 $100,078 Page 365 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 175 TABLE 29: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM SEA LEVEL RISE (COASTAL FLOODING) HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL Alpine Fire Protection District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad Number 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $63,850 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $63,850 Chula Vista Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $6,670 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $6,670 Coronado Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Del Mar Number 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $25,730 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $25,730 El Cajon Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $6,670 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $6,670 Escondido Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 National City Number 0 7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $43,840 0 0 $47,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 $90,840 Oceanside Number 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $11,440 0 0 0 $3,048 0 0 0 0 0 $14,488 Otay Water District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port of San Diego Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $719,793 0 0 $719,793 Poway Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rancho Santa Fed Fire Protection District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego (City) Number 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 7 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $37,170 0 0 0 0 0 0 $719,793 0 0 $756,963 San Diego County Water Authority Number 0 35 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 37 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $218,250 0 0 $47,000 $3,048 0 0 0 0 0 $268,298 Page 366 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 176 Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL San Marcos Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Miguel Fire Protection District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santee Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority Number 0 8 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $50,510 0 0 $47,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 $97,510 Unincorporated Number 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $22,880 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $22,880 Vista Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Vista Irrigation District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Number Total Exposure (x$1,000) 0 78 0 0 3 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 85 0 $487,010 0 0 $141,000 $6,096 0 0 $1,439,586 0 0 $2,073,692 Page 367 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 177 TABLE 30: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO INFRASTRUCTURE FROM SEA LEVEL RISE (COASTAL FLOODING) HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data HWY OIL GAS RR TOTAL Alpine Fire Protection District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad Total KMs 14 3 1 18 Exposure (x$1,000) $94,146 $2,136 $832 $97,114 Chula Vista Total KMs 2 1 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000) $12,246 $314 0 $12,560 Coronado Total KMs 16 2 0 18 Exposure (x$1,000) $107,332 $1,637 0 $108,969 Del Mar Total KMs 3 2 1 6 Exposure (x$1,000) $16,696 $1,308 $1,635 $19,639 El Cajon Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Encinitas Total KMs 6 3 1 10 Exposure (x$1,000) $37,359 $1,712 $690 $39,761 Escondido Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach Total KMs 0 0.2 0 0.2 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $145 0 $145 La Mesa Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 National City Total KMs 6 0.2 3 9.2 Exposure (x$1,000) $43,304 $143 $5,131 $48,578 Oceanside Total KMs 2 1 1 4 Exposure (x$1,000) $12,316 $398 $1,650 $14,184 Otay Water District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Port of San Diego Total KMs 4 0.4 4 8.4 Exposure (x1000) $23,476 $276 $6,670 $30,422 Page 368 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 178 Jurisdiction Data HWY OIL GAS RR TOTAL Poway Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Rancho Santa Fe Fire Protection District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 San Diego (City) Total KMs 19 6 12 37 Exposure (x$1,000) $123,974 $3,786 $18,165 $145,925 San Diego County Water Authority Total KMs 55 15 22 92 Exposure (x1000) $365,016 $10,363 $32,501 $407,880 San Marcos Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 San Miguel Fire Protection District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Santee Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority Total KMs 8 1 3 12 Exposure (x$1,000) $55,550 $457 $5,131 $61,138 Unincorporated Total KMs 4 1 3 8 Exposure (x$1,000) $24,975 $565 $4,398 $29,938 Vista Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Vista Irrigation District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Total Number 140 36 51 226 Total Exposure (x $1,000) $916,390 $23,240 $76,854 $1,016,253 Page 369 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 179 TABLE 31: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE FROM SEA LEVEL RISE (MEAN HIGHER HIGH WATER) HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial Buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Populatio n Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Alpine Fire Protection District 0 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad 70 1 $389 0 0 Chula Vista 0 0 0 0 0 Coronado 0 0 0 1 $302 Del Mar 0 0 0 0 0 El Cajon 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas 0 1 $389 0 0 Escondido 0 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach 0 0 0 1 $302 La Mesa 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove 0 0 0 0 0 National City 5,019 0 0 0 0 Oceanside 39 0 0 19 $5,745 Otay Water District 0 0 0 0 0 Padre Dam Municipal Water District 0 0 0 0 0 Port of San Diego 11,560 0 0 4 $1,209 Poway 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District 0 0 0 0 0 Rancho Santa Fe Fire Protection District 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego (City) 6,565 414 $160,880 83 $25,095 San Diego County Water Authority 12,250 416 $161,658 102 $30,840 San Marcos 0 0 0 0 0 San Miguel Fire Protection District 0 0 0 0 0 Santee 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach 0 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority 0 0 0 0 0 Unincorporated 0 0 0 0 0 Vista 0 0 0 0 0 Vista Irrigation District 0 0 0 0 0 Total 35,503 832 $323,316 210 $64,493 Page 370 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 180 TABLE 32: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM SEA LEVEL RISE (MEAN HIGHER HIGH WATER) HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT PO T SC H TOTAL Alpine Fire Protection District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad Number 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $24,780 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $24,780 Chula Vista Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $6,670 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $6,670 Coronado Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Del Mar Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 El Cajon Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Escondido Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 National City Number 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $31,450 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $31,450 Oceanside Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $5,720 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $5,720 Otay Water District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port of San Diego Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $719,793 0 0 $719,793 Poway Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Page 371 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 181 Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT PO T SC H TOTAL Rancho Santa Fed Fire Protection District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego (City) Number 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 14 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $82,910 0 0 0 0 0 0 $719,793 0 0 $802,703 San Diego County Water Authority Number 0 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $162,970 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $162,970 San Marcos Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Miguel Fire Protection District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santee Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority Number 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $38,120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $38,120 Unincorporated Number 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $11,440 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $11,440 Vista Irrigation District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Number 0 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 60 Total Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $364,060 0 0 0 0 0 0 $1,439,586 0 0 $1,803,646 Page 372 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 182 TABLE 33: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO INFRASTRUCTURE FROM SEA LEVEL RISE (MEAN HIGHER HIGH WATER) HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data HWY OIL GAS RR TOTAL Alpine Fire Protection District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad Total KMs 1 2 0.1 3.1 Exposure (x$1,000) $5,223 $1,400 $161 $6,784 Chula Vista Total KMs 1 0.2 0 1.2 Exposure (x$1,000) $5,230 $133 0 5,363 Coronado Total KMs 4 0.4 0 4.4 Exposure (x$1,000) $29,021 $244 0 $29,265 Del Mar Total KMs 0 0.9 0.05 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $581 $69 $650.00 El Cajon Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Encinitas Total KMs 1 2 0.002 3 Exposure (x$1,000) $7,777 $1,171 $3 $8,951 Escondido Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach Total KMs 0 0.1 0 0.1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 $91 0 $91 La Mesa Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 National City Total KMs 2 0.2 0.6 3 Exposure (x$1,000) $12,791 $131 $993 $13,915 Oceanside Total KMs 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.7 Exposure (x$1,000) $1,399 $246 $174 $1,819 Otay Water District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Page 373 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 183 Jurisdiction Data HWY OIL GAS RR TOTAL Padre Dam Municipal Water District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Port of San Diego Total KMs 10 2 0.4 12.4 Exposure (x1000) $64,513 $1,277 $543 $66,333 Poway Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Rancho Santa Fe Fire Protection District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 San Diego (City) Total KMs 23 5 1.3 29.3 Exposure (x$1,000) $155,836 $3,744 $2,047 $161,627 San Diego County Water Authority Total KMs 29 11 2.3 42.3 Exposure (x1000) $193,145 $7,495 $3,948 $204,588 San Marcos Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 San Miguel Fire Protection District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Santee Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority Total KMs 3 0.4 0.7 4.1 Exposure (x$1,000) $18,021 $265 $993 $19,279 Unincorporated Total KMs 0.7 0.1 0.3 1.1 Exposure (x$1,000) $4,890 $89 $503 $5,482 Vista Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Vista Irrigation District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Page 374 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 184 Jurisdiction Data HWY OIL GAS RR TOTAL Total Number 75 25 6 106 Total Exposure (x $1,000) $497,846 $16,867 $9,434 $524,147 5.3.5. TSUNAMI Tsunami maximum run-up projections (second-generation) were modeled for the entire San Diego County coastline by the University of Southern California, and distributed by the CA Office of Emergency Services in 2009. The model was a result of a combination of inundation modeling and onsite surveys to show maximum predicted inundation levels due to tsunami. This was a scenario model, which uses a given earthquake intensity and location to determine resulting tsunami effects. The identified vulnerable assets were superimposed on top of this information, resulting in three risk/exposure estimates: 1. The aggregated exposure and building count (both dollar exposure and population) at the census block level for residential and commercial occupancies 2. The aggregated population at risk at the census block level 3. The critical infrastructure at risk (schools, hospitals, airports, bridges, and other facilities of critical nature). These results were then aggregated and presented by hazard risk level per jurisdiction. The first table below provides a breakdown of potential exposure by jurisdiction, and the second table below provides a breakdown of potential exposure to infrastructure and critical facility by jurisdiction. It is important to note the California Geological Survey (CGS) and the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) are in the process of generating the third generation of statewide tsunami inundation maps for evacuation planning.137F138F138F 143 Approximately 169,606 people may be at risk from the tsunami hazard in San Diego County: 143 https://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/Documents/Tsunami/Tsunami-inundation-map-methodology-2019.pdf Page 375 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 185 TABLE 34: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE FROM TSUNAMI HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial Buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Population Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Carlsbad 4,259 114 44,300 1 302 Chula Vista 228 0 0 0 0 Coronado 24,603 3,043 1,182,509 103 311,420 Del Mar 1,173 532 206,735 25 75,587 El Cajon 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas 2,536 3 1,165 10 3,023 Escondido 0 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach 8,019 2,068 803,624 94 284,209 La Mesa 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove 0 0 0 0 0 National City 10,156 0 0 0 0 Oceanside 3,599 1,401 544,428 53 160,245 Port of San Diego 13,917 0 0 3694 1,191,259 Poway 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego (City) 34,592 5,749 2,234,061 875 2,645,562 San Diego County Water Authority 58,040 7,799 3,030,691 956 2,890,466 San Marcos 0 0 0 0 0 Santee 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach 1,411 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority 5,078 0 0 0 0 Unincorporated 1,965 0 0 1 3,023 Vista 0 0 0 Vista Irrigation District 0 0 0 0 0 Total 169,606 20,709 8,047,517 2,503 7,567,820 Page 376 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 186 TABLE 35: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM TSUNAMI HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BU S COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT PO T SCH TOTAL Alpine FPD Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 Carlsbad Number 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 Exposure (x$1,000) 77,190 77,190 Chula Vista Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Coronado Number 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 6,670 0 2,000 0 3,048 3,048 0 0 0 26,640 41,406 Del Mar Number 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 19,060 0 0 0 6,096 0 0 0 0 0 25,156 El Cajon Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas Number 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 12,390 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12,390 Escondido Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 National City Number 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 38,120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38,120 Oceanside Number 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 6 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 32,400 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 0 0 35,448 Otay Water Distrct Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Padre Dam Municipal Water Distrct Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port of San Diego Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 2 Exposure (x1000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,048 0 719,793 0 0 722,841 Poway Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water Distrct Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego (City) Number 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 13 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 78,140 0 0 0 0 0 0 719,793 0 0 797,933 San Diego County Water Authority Number 0 44 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 48 Exposure (x1000) 0 280,180 0 0 0 9,144 0 0 719,793 0 0 1,009,117 San Marcos Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Miguel FPD Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santee Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Number 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Page 377 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 187 Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BU S COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT PO T SCH TOTAL Sweetwater Authority Exposure (x$1,000) 0 38120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38,120 Unincorporated Number 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 22,880 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22,880 Vista Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Vista Irrigation District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Number 0 95 0 1 0 7 2 0 3 0 1 109 Total Exposure (x $1,000) 0 605,150 0 2,000 0 21,336 6,096 0 2,159,3 79 0 26,640 2,782,481 Page 378 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 188 TABLE 36: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO INFRASTRUCTURE FROM TSUNAMI HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Carlsbad  Total KMs  8 3 1 12 Exposure (x$1,000)  52,405 1,848 1,291 55,544 Chula Vista  Total KMs   1 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000)  2,324 0 0 2,324 Coronado  Total KMs  45 9 0 54 Exposure (x$1,000)  298,630 6,325 0 304,955 Del Mar  Total KMs   3 2 1 6 Exposure (x$1,000)  20,014 1,590 1,707 23,311 El Cajon  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Encinitas  Total KMs  6 2 1 9 Exposure (x$1,000)  39,063 1,045 1,642 41,750 Escondido  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach  Total KMs  1 1 0 2 Exposure (x$1,000)  7,824 424 0 8,248 La Mesa  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 National City  Total KMs  3 0 1 4 Exposure (x$1,000)  18,753 0 435 19,188 Oceanside  Total KMs   2 1 1 4 Exposure (x$1,000)  15,911 466 974 17,351 Port of San Diego  Total KMs   2 1 0 3 Exposure (x1000)  9,759 322 0 10,081 Poway  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 San Diego (City)  Total KMs  25 8 1 34 Exposure (x$1,000)  165,169 5,570 1,237 171,976 San Diego County Water Authority  Total KMs  49 16 6 71 Exposure (x1000)  326,623 10,685 9,859 347,167 San Marcos  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Santee  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Solana Beach  Total KMs   0 0 1 1 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 122 122 Sweetwater Water Authority Total KMs   3 0 1 4 Exposure (x$1,000)  21,077 0 435 21,512 Unincorporated  Total KMs  2 1 2 5 Exposure (x$1,000)  12,983 165 2,452 15,600 Vista  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Total Number  150 44 16 210 Total Exposure (x $1,000)  990,535 28,440 20,154 1,039,129 Page 379 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 189 5.3.6. DAM FAILURE Dam inundation zones, compiled by FEMA or the National Inventory of Dams throughout San Diego County, and purchased through SanGIS, show areas that would be flooded if each dam failed. The identified vulnerable assets were superimposed on top of this information, resulting in three risk/exposure estimates: 1. The aggregated exposure and building count (both dollar exposure and population) at the census block level for residential and commercial occupancies 2. The aggregated population at risk at the census block level 3. The critical infrastructure at risk (schools, hospitals, airports, bridges, and other facilities of critical nature). These results were then aggregated and presented by hazard risk level per jurisdiction. The first table below provides a breakdown of potential exposure by jurisdiction, and the second table provides a breakdown of potential exposure to infrastructure and critical facility by jurisdiction. Approximately 538,132 people are at risk from a dam failure hazard. Page 380 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 190 TABLE 37: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE FROM DAM FAILURE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial Buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Population Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Alpine FPD 90 4 1,554 0 0 Carlsbad 1,258 523 203,238 24 7,256 Chula Vista 15,822 2,297 892,614 628 189,876 Coronado 2,275 392 152,331 5 1,512 Del mar 1,260 556 216,062 31 9,373 El Cajon 70 0 0 24 7,256 Encinitas 1,026 309 120,077 106 32,049 Escondido 34,783 11,624 4,517,086 969 292,977 Imperial beach 4,341 795 308,937 24 7,256 La Mesa 129 7 2,720 1 302 Lemon Grove 0 0 0 0 0 National City 7,603 275 106,865 148 44,748 Oceanside 25,060 8,449 3,283,281 318 96,147 Otay Water District 3,839 761 295,725 173 52,307 Padre Dam Municipal Water District 28,878 10,803 4,198,046 1191 360,099 Port of San Diego 7,034 0 0 48 14,513 Poway 0 7 2,720 3 907 Rainbow Municipal Water District 2,418 827 321,372 46 13,908 Rancho Santa Fe FPD 2,988 821 319,041 82 24,793 San Diego 89,183 32,128 12,484,941 4597 1,389,903 San Diego County Water Authority 234,032 76,679 29,797,459 8983 2,716,010 San Marco 660 119 46,243 4 1,209 San Miguel FPD 1,590 583 226,554 149 45,050 Santee 24,193 10,034 3,899,212 1084 327,747 Solana Beach 206 332 129,015 13 3,931 Sweetwater Authority 9,995 3,350 1,301,810 993 300,234 Unincorporated 36,492 10,189 3,959,445 1076 325,329 Vista 0 0 0 0 0 Vista Irrigation District 33 0 0 0 0 Total 535,258 171,864 66,786,348 20,720 6,264,692 Page 381 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 191 TABLE 38: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM DAM FAILURE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL Carlsbad Number 0 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 26,680 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 0 0 29,728 Chula Vista Number 0 20 0 0 3 0 1 0 0 1 0 25 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 130,550 0 0 969,000 0 9,144 0 0 30,000 0 1,138,694 Coronado Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Del Mar Number 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 19,060 0 0 0 6,096 0 0 0 0 0 25,156 El Cajon Number 1 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 10 Exposure (x$1,000) 257,356 53,360 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 0 0 313,764 Encinitas Number 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 32,400 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32,400 Escondido Number 0 38 0 0 4 4 14 0 0 1 4 65 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 251,560 0 0 1,016,000 12,192 42,672 0 0 163,612 302,882 1,788,918 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39,220 39,220 La Mesa Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 6,670 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,670 Lemon Grove Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 National City Number 0 41 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 45 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 268,720 0 0 0 0 9,144 0 0 0 31,376 309,240 Oceanside Number 1 13 0 0 0 4 2 0 0 1 4 25 Exposure (x$1,000) 86,701 85,760 0 0 0 12,192 6,096 0 0 163,612 185,666 540,027 Otay Water District Number 0 11 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 3 18 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 73,370 0 0 47,000 3,048 3,048 0 0 163,612 355,200 645,278 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Number 1 68 0 0 1 4 6 0 0 0 7 87 Exposure (x$1,000) 257,356 453,560 0 0 47,000 12,192 18,288 0 0 0 440,004 1,228,400 Port of San Diego Number 1 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 281,772 0 0 0 0 12,192 0 0 0 0 0 293,964 Poway Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District Number 0 23 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 25 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 153,410 0 0 0 3,048 3,048 0 0 0 0 159,506 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Number 0 12 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 3 1 19 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 80,040 0 0 922,000 3,048 0 0 0 550,835 22,496 1,578,419 Number 1 211 1 1 11 18 21 1 0 1 13 279 Page 382 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 192 Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL San Diego (City) Exposure (x$1,000) 271,772 1,394,07 0 1,830 2,000 1,345,000 54,864 64,008 16,629 0 163,612 682,650 3,996,435 San Diego County Water Authority Number 2 483 1 4 24 41 57 1 0 11 41 665 Exposure (x$1,000) 615,829 3,195,01 0 1,830 8,000 4,440,000 124,96 8 173,73 6 16,629 0 1,265,28 2 2,416,98 8 12,258,27 2 San Marcos Number 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 47,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 47,000 San Miguel FPD Number 0 6 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 8 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 40,020 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 163,612 0 206,680 Santee Number 0 48 0 0 1 3 6 0 0 0 6 64 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 320,160 0 0 47,000 9,144 18,288 0 0 0 392,718 787,310 Sweetwater Authority Number 0 74 0 0 2 2 7 0 0 1 3 89 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 472,640 0 0 922,000 6,096 21,336 0 0 30,000 96,866 1,548,938 Solana Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Unincorporate d Number 0 119 0 3 6 7 8 0 0 11 13 167 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 792,780 0 6,000 1,938,000 21,336 24,384 0 0 864,447 821,696 4,468,643 Vista Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Number 7 1,192 2 8 57 95 127 2 0 32 97 1,619 Total Exposure (x $1,000) 1,770,78 6 7,849,82 0 3,660 16,000 11,740,00 0 289,56 0 393,19 2 33,258 0 3,558,62 4 5,787,76 2 31,442,66 2 Page 383 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 193 TABLE 39: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO INFRASTRUCTURE FROM DAM FAILURE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Carlsbad  Total KMs  23 2 0 25 Exposure (x$1,000)  156,286 1,172 0 157,458 Chula Vista  Total KMs   114 5 2 121 Exposure (x$1,000)  760,393 3,343 2,916 766,652 Coronado  Total KMs  1 1 0 2 Exposure (x$1,000)  5,992 273 0 6,265 Del Mar  Total KMs   6 3 1 10 Exposure (x$1,000)  36,707 1,861 2,057 40,625 El Cajon  Total KMs  3 1 3 7 Exposure (x$1,000)  17,455 446 4,602 22,503 Encinitas  Total KMs  17 5 1 23 Exposure (x$1,000)  113,082 3,596 1,677 118,355 Escondido  Total KMs   88 2 6 96 Exposure (x$1,000)  589,607 1,548 9,310 600,465 Imperial Beach  Total KMs  1 1 0 2 Exposure (x$1,000)  5,498 861 0 6,359 La Mesa  Total KMs  6 1 1 8 Exposure (x$1,000)  36,776 148 1,091 38,015 Lemon Grove  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 National City  Total KMs  76 1 7 84 Exposure (x$1,000)  508,719 920 12,952 522,591 Oceanside  Total KMs   55 8 1 64 Exposure (x$1,000)  365,206 5,322 328 370,856 Otay Water District Total KMs   60 2 0 62 Exposure (x1000)  400,397 1,311 0 401,708 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Total KMs   131 13 5 149 Exposure (x1000)  875,831 8,735 6,871 891,437 Page 384 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 194 Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Port of San Diego  Total KMs   21 5 4 30 Exposure (x1000)  138,956 3,467 5,662 148,085 Poway  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District Total KMs  54 1 0 55 Exposure (x$1,000)  359,258 183 0 359,441 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Total KMs  2 1 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000)  13,612 293 0 13,905 San Diego (City)  Total KMs  821 61 51 933 Exposure (x$1,000)  5,476,180 41,921 76,049 5,594,150 San Diego County Water Authority  Total KMs  1,511 115 77 1,703 Exposure (x1000)  10,072,703 78,214 116,118 10,267,035 San Marcos  Total KMs  1 1 0 2 Exposure (x$1,000)  2,883 92 0 2,975 San Miguel FPD Total KMs   32 1 0 33 Exposure (x$1,000)  211,370 291 0 211,661 Santee  Total KMs   121 12 2 135 Exposure (x$1,000)  810,110 8,192 2,269 820,571 Solana Beach  Total KMs   0 0 1 1 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 311 311 Sweetwater Authority  Total KMs  188 8 11 207 Exposure (x$1,000)  1,253,333 5,640 15,868 1,274,841 Unincorporated  Total KMs  239 16 2 257 Exposure (x$1,000)  1,595,903 11,014 2,556 1,609,473 Vista  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Total Number  3,571 266 175 4,012 Total Exposure (x $1,000)  23,806,257 178,843 260,637 24,245,737 Page 385 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 195 5.3.7. EARTHQUAKE/LIQUEFACTION There was no FEMA HAZUS data available nor enough of any other data sources regarding liquefaction to enable the Planning Group’s creation of a comprehensive liquefaction vulnerability assessment by deadline. However, liquefaction was still considered by the Planning Group as a potential effect of earthquakes with the possibility of causing impacts such as loss of life and property/assets. Therefore, liquefaction was still considered and researched within this vulnerability assessment section. The data used in the earthquake hazard assessment were: 100-, 250-, 500-, 750-, 1000-, 1500-, 2000-, and 2500- year return period USGS probabilistic hazards. Soil conditions for San Diego County as developed by USGS were also used, which allowed for a better reflection of amplification of ground shaking that may occur. The HAZUS software model, which was developed for FEMA by the National Institute of Building Services as a tool to determine earthquake loss estimates, was used to model earthquake and flood for this assessment. This software program integrates with a GIS to facilitate the manipulation of data on building stock, population, and the regional economy with hazard models. PBS&J updated this model in 2003 to HAZUS- MH (Multiple Hazard), which can model earthquake and flood, along with collateral issues associated with each model, such as liquefaction and landslide with earthquakes. This software was not released prior to the beginning of the planning process; however, PBS&J performed vulnerability and loss estimation models for earthquakes and flood for this project using the newer model. Additionally, the earthquake risk assessment explored the potential for collateral hazards such as liquefaction and earthquake-induced landslides. Three cases were examined, one case with shaking only, a second case with liquefaction potential, and a third with earthquake-induced landslides. Once the model was complete, the identified vulnerable assets were superimposed on top of this information, resulting in three risk/loss estimates: 1. The aggregated exposure and building count (both dollar exposure and population) at the census block level for residential and commercial occupancies 2. The aggregated population at risk at the census block level 3. The critical infrastructure at risk (schools, hospitals, airports, bridges, and other facilities of critical nature). These results were then aggregated and presented by hazard risk level per jurisdiction. Results for residential and commercial properties were generated as annualized losses, which average all eight of the modeled return periods (100-year through 2500-year events). For critical facility losses it was helpful to look at 100- and 500-year return periods to plan for an event that is more likely to occur in the near-term. In the near term, a 500-year earthquake would cause increased shaking, liquefaction and landslide, which would be expected to increase loss numbers. Exposure for annualized earthquake included buildings and population in the entire county because a severe or worst-case scenario earthquake could affect any structure in the County. Furthermore, the annualized earthquake loss table also shows potential collateral exposure and losses from liquefaction and landslide separately; this is the additional loss from earthquake due to liquefaction or landslide caused by earthquakes and should be added to the shaking-only loss values to get the correct value. (The collateral liquefaction and landslide loss results for critical facilities were included with earthquake in the tables below, to plan for an event that is more likely to occur in the near-term as discussed above). The first table provides a breakdown of potential exposure and losses due to annualized earthquake events by jurisdiction. The second and third tables below provide a breakdown of infrastructure and critical facility losses from 100-year and 500-year earthquakes, respectively. Page 386 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 196 Approximately 81,590 people may be at risk from the annualized earthquake and earthquake-induced liquefaction hazards: Page 387 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 197 TABLE 40: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE AND LOSSES FROM ANNUALIZED EARTHQUAKE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Populatio n Buildin g Count Potentia l Loss from Shaking (x$1,000 ) Potential Additional Loss from Liquefactio n (x$1,000) Potential Addition al Loss from Landslid e (x$1,000) Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Buildin g Count Potentia l Loss from Shaking (x$1,000 ) Potential Additional Loss from Liquefactio n (x$1,000) Potential Addition al Loss from Landslid e (x$1,000) Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Alpine Fire Protection District 0 32 26 0 10 26,569 20 12 0 4 10,824 Carlsbad 1,067 6,314 1,535 0 78 3,079,694 377 51 0 119 165,506 Chula Vista 3,170 3,342 1,688 18 115 2,005,905 342 66 2 130 163,269 Coronado 1,275 2,419 281 47 33 1,079,930 201 16 39 14 81,574 Del Mar 471 351 185 0 10 212,056 104 17 0 8 39,064 El Cajon 216 528 889 93 101 625,750 391 52 4 97 164,599 Encinitas 854 378 77 0 25 186,434 237 32 0 39 93,124 Escondido 57 696 142 0 193 400,637 436 53 0 153 194,230 Imperial Beach 1,458 198 28 57 38 124,830 148 13 7 32 60,410 La Mesa 211 243 49 0 48 132,056 163 29 0 20 64,189 Lemon Grove 284 224 29 0 20 105,992 98 8 0 13 35,859 National City 2,348 491 61 0 81 245,761 407 35 0 40 145,642 Oceanside 811 113 178 38 194 203,012 508 60 13 160 224,102 Otay Water District 1,443 259 183 0 56 193,636 94 54 0 94 73,199 Padre Dam Municipal Water District 183 268 129 53 91 210,007 318 74 2 161 167,714 Port Of San Diego 3,788 532 62 36 103 284,895 767 70 32 64 282,002 Poway 57 176 60 0 18 98,602 52 22 0 30 31,535 Rainbow Municipal Water District 39 421 86 27 32 219,737 156 22 1 80 78,248 Rancho Santa Fe FPD 612 616 147 0 49 315,563 313 57 0 93 139,928 San Diego 20,362 4,394 797 393 797 2,478,831 3,163 416 32 429 1,221,524 San Diego County Water Authority 32,161 15,665 3,214 1,685 2,677 9,029,249 9,631 1,345 92 2,632 4,142,044 San Marcos 254 743 153 0 130 398,683 474 58 0 204 222,469 San Miguel FPD 467 520 146 45 84 308,956 332 64 2 105 151,961 Santee 106 116 48 4 34 78,341 92 22 0 54 50,916 Solana Beach 353 136 19 0 9 63,607 109 12 0 8 38,852 Sweetwater Authority 4,987 984 193 18 196 540,326 719 84 2 156 290,468 Unincorporated 2,782 4,738 1,332 718 745 2,926,513 2,359 454 36 1,165 1,213,603 Vista 405 1,600 264 334 249 950,806 850 98 17 322 389,094 Vista Irrigation District 212 1,319 218 169 245 757,788 680 80 7 199 291,949 Total 80,433 47,816 12,219 3,735 6,461 27,284,16 6 23,541 3,376 288 6,625 10,227,89 8 Page 388 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 198 TABLE 41: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE AND LOSSES TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM ANNUALIZED EARTHQUAKE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data AIR BRD G BUS COM ELEC EME R GOV T HOSP POR T POT SCH TOTA L Alpine Fire Protection District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad Number 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 3 1 6 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 $87,5 00 $3,04 8 0 0 0 $62,7 22 $5,00 0 158,27 0 Chula Vista Number 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 4 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 $87,5 00 0 0 0 0 $33,9 04 $6,09 6 127,50 0 Coronado Number 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 8 10 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 $91,5 00 $10,0 48 0 0 0 0 $29,0 00 130,54 8 Del Mar Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 El Cajon Number 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 2 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 $175, 000 $7,56 8 0 0 0 $10,0 48 0 192,61 6 Encinitas Number 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 6 9 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 $8,48 0 0 0 0 $36,5 04 $20,7 86 65,770 Escondido Number 0 0 0 1 5 1 0 2 0 4 9 22 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 $7,32 1 $437, 500 $3,04 8 0 $40,2 97 0 65,44 5 $32,6 41 586,25 2 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 7 8 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 $13,9 24 0 0 0 0 $24,1 24 38,048 La Mesa Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 7 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $35,0 00 35,000 Lemon Grove Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $5,00 0 5,000 National City Number 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 8 11 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 $90,2 50 $4,52 3 0 $24,6 62 0 0 $27,7 43 147,17 8 Oceanside Number 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 1 0 2 3 10 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 $8,76 4 $6,34 6 0 0 $17,1 91 0 $32,7 22 $9,42 4 74,447 Otay Water Distrct Number 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 $26,2 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 26,250 Padre Dam Municipal Water Distrct Number 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 $3,70 0 0 0 0 0 0 $5,57 2 0 9,272 Port of San Diego Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 Exposure (x1000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $32,7 22 0 32,722 Poway Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water Distrct Number 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 4 6 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 $5,51 7 $91,7 34 0 0 0 0 0 $12,2 49 109,50 0 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Number 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 $87,7 34 0 0 0 0 0 $9,76 6 97,500 San Diego (City) Number 0 0 0 8 8 1 0 1 0 3 8 29 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 $35,5 89 $193, 456 $26,1 16 0 $31,1 32 0 $199, 084 $24,3 84 509,76 1 Page 389 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 199 Jurisdiction Data AIR BRD G BUS COM ELEC EME R GOV T HOSP POR T POT SCH TOTA L San Diego County Water Authority Number 0 0 0 8 6 7 0 8 0 12 19 60 Exposure (x1000) 0 0 0 $37,4 20 $525, 000 $26,6 76 0 $133, 034 0 $293, 199 $59,5 72 1,074, 901 San Marcos Number 0 0 0 1 0 3 0 1 0 0 3 8 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 $4,00 0 0 $10,4 30 0 $16,6 29 0 0 $11,7 14 42,773 San Miguel FPD Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santee Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority Number 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 1 0 1 2 7 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 $176, 444 $3,04 8 0 $16,6 29 0 $32,4 60 $6,09 6 234,67 7 Unincorporated Number 0 0 0 4 2 3 0 1 0 5 7 22 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 $20,0 22 $205, 054 $14,2 34 0 $21,6 39 0 $81,8 06 $21,3 36 364,09 1 Vista Number 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 3 6 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 $9,95 2 0 $16,6 29 0 0 $11,1 44 37,725 Vista Irrigation District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $5,00 0 5,000 Total Number 0 0 0 28 36 24 0 17 0 39 101 245 Total Exposure (x $1,000) 0 0 0 122,3 33 2,281, 268 141,0 95 0 317,8 42 0 886,1 88 356,0 75 4,104, 801 Page 390 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 200 TABLE 42: POTENTIAL INFRASTRUCTURE EXPOSURE AND LOSSES FROM ANNUALIZED EARTHQUAKE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data HWY OIL GAS RR TOTAL Alpine FPD Total KMs 1 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 6,121 0 0 6,121 Carlsbad Total KMs 3 0 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000) 17,303 0 0 17,303 Chula Vista Number 3 0 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000) 21,124 0 0 21,124 Coronado Number 11 0 0 11 Exposure (x$1,000) 74,336 0 0 74,336 Del Mar Number 1 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 3,701 0 0 3,701 El Cajon Number 2 0 0 2 Exposure (x$1,000) 15,503 0 0 15,503 Encinitas Number 1 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 6,081 0 0 6,081 Escondido Number 4 0 0 4 Exposure (x$1,000) 25,252 0 0 25,252 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 La Mesa Number 5 0 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 34,013 0 0 34,013 Lemon Grove Number 3 0 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000) 19,771 0 0 19,771 National City Number 7 0 0 7 Exposure (x$1,000) 43,409 0 0 43,409 Oceanside Number 5 0 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 33,950 0 0 33,950 Page 391 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 201 Jurisdiction Data HWY OIL GAS RR TOTAL Otay Water District Number 6 0 0 6 Exposure (x$1,000) 36,954 0 0 36,954 Padre Dam Municipal Water Distrct Number 7 0 0 7 Exposure (x1000) 44,309 0 0 44,309 Port of San Diego Number 4 0 0 4 Exposure (x1000) 29,618 0 0 29,618 Poway Number 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 2,447 0 0 2,447 Rainbow Municipal Water District Number 12 0 0 12 Exposure (x1000) 77,724 0 0 77,724 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Number 1 0 0 1 Exposure (x1000) 3,194 0 0 3,194 San Diego (City) Number 73 0 0 73 Exposure (x$1,000) 487,978 0 0 487,978 San Diego County Water Authority Number 155 0 0 155 Exposure (x1000) 1,031,356 0 0 1,031,356 San Marcos Number 1 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 6,875 0 0 6,875 San Miguel FPD Number 3 0 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000) 22,018 0 0 22,018 Santee Number 5 0 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 34,354 0 0 34,354 Solana Beach Number 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority Number 10 0 0 10 Exposure (x$1,000) 64,360 0 0 64,360 Unincorporated Number 113 0 5 118 Exposure (x$1,000) 756,449 0 7,954 764,403 Vista Number 1 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 5,401 0 0 5,401 Page 392 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 202 Jurisdiction Data HWY OIL GAS RR TOTAL Vista Irrigation District Number 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Total Number 437 0 5 449 Total Exposure (x $1,000) 2,903,601 0 7,954 2,960,937 Page 393 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 203 TABLE 43: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE AND LOSSES FROM 100-YEAR EARTHQUAKE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial Buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Population Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Alpine Fire Protection District 0 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad 0 0 0 0 0 Chula Vista 0 0 0 0 0 Coronado 0 0 0 0 0 Del mar 0 0 0 0 0 El Cajon 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas 0 0 0 0 0 Escondido 0 0 0 0 0 Imperial beach 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove 0 0 0 0 0 National City 0 0 0 0 0 Oceanside 0 0 0 0 0 Otay Water District 0 0 0 0 0 Padre Dam Municipal Water District 0 0 0 0 0 Port of San Diego 0 0 0 0 0 Poway 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District 0 0 0 0 0 Rancho Santa Fe Fire Protection District 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego County Water Authority 0 0 0 0 0 San Marco 0 0 0 0 0 San Miguel Fire Protection District 0 0 0 0 0 Santee 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach 0 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority 0 0 0 0 0 Unincorporated 4,440 2,982 $1,158,507 77 $23,281 Vista 0 0 0 0 0 Vista Irrigation District 0 0 0 0 0 Total 4,440 2,982 $1,158,507 77 $23,281 Page 394 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 204 TABLE 44: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM 100-YEAR EARTHQUAKE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL Alpine Fire Protection District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chula Vista Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Coronado Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Del Mar Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 El Cajon Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Escondido Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 National City Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Oceanside Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Otay Water District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port of San Diego Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Poway Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rancho Santa Fed Fire Protection District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego (City) Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Page 395 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 205 Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL San Diego County Water Authority Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Marcos Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santee Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Miguel Fire Protection District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Unincorporate d Number 3 11 0 4 6 3 4 0 0 0 3 34 Exposure (x$1,000) $176,37 6 $62,920 0 $8,000 $1,938,0 00 $9,144 $12,192 0 0 0 $27,602 $2,234,2 34 Vista Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Vista Irrigation District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Exposure (x $1,000) $176,37 6 $62,920 0 $8,000 $1,938,0 00 $9,144 $12,192 0 0 0 $27,602 $2,234,2 34 Page 396 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 206 TABLE 45: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO INFRASTRUCTURE FROM 100- YEAR EARTHQUAKE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data HWY OIL GAS RR TOTAL Alpine Fire Protection District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Chula Vista Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Coronado Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Del Mar Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 El Cajon Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Encinitas Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Escondido Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 La Mesa Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 National City Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Oceanside Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Otay Water District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Page 397 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 207 Jurisdiction Data HWY OIL GAS RR TOTAL Padre Dam Municipal Water District Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Port of San Diego Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x1000) 0 0 0 0 Poway Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Rancho Santa Fe Fire Protection District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 San Diego (City) Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 San Diego County Water Authority Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x1000) 0 0 0 0 San Marcos Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 San Miguel Fire Protection District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Santee Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Unincorporated Total KMs 183 0 29 212 Exposure (x$1,000) $43,215 0 $1,219,888 $1,263,013 Vista Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Vista Irrigation District Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 Total Number 183 0 29 212 Total Exposure (x $1,000) $43,215 0 $1,219,888 $1,263,013 Page 398 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 208 TABLE 46: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM 500-YEAR EARTHQUAKE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial Buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Population Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Alpine Fire Protection District 0 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad 19,092 4,538 $1,763,467 352 $106,427 Chula Vista 0 0 0 0 0 Coronado 0 0 0 0 0 Del mar 0 0 0 0 0 El Cajon 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas 0 0 0 0 0 Escondido 96,129 21,857 $8,493,630 974 $294,489 Imperial beach 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove 0 0 0 0 0 National City 0 0 0 0 0 Oceanside 130,943 40,592 $15,774,051 1,492 $451,106 Otay Water District 0 0 0 0 0 Padre Dam Municipal Water District 0 0 0 0 0 Port of San Diego 0 0 0 0 0 Poway 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District 0 8,313 $3,230,432 54 $16,327 Rancho Santa Fe Fire Protection District 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 504 0 0 2 $604,700 San Diego County Water Authority 501,096 138,019 $53,634,183 8,341 $2,521,901 San Marcos 55,473 13,312 $5,173,043 1,148 $347,098 San Miguel Fire Protection District 0 0 0 0 0 Santee 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach 0 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority 0 0 0 0 0 Unincorporated 193,801 46,242 $17,969,641 3,272 $989,289 Vista 90,570 21,763 $8,457,102 1,041 $423,592 Vista Irrigation District 33,787 1,262 $490,413 61 $18,443 Total 1,121,395 295,898 $114,985,962 16,737 $5,773,372 Page 399 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 209 TABLE 47: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM 500-YEAR EARTHQUAKE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL Carlsbad 0 Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 4 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 5,720 0 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 134,384 143,152 Chula Vista 0 Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Coronado 0 Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Del Mar 0 Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 El Cajon 0 Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas 0 Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Escondido 0 Number 0 22 0 0 3 2 11 1 0 1 17 57 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 146,740 0 0 969,000 6,096 33,528 16,629 0 30,000 996,780 2,198,773 Imperial Beach 0 Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa 0 Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 National City Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Oceanside Number 1 27 1 1 1 8 9 1 0 2 17 68 Exposure (x$1,000) 86,701 175,340 1,830 2,000 47,000 30,480 27,432 16,629 0 327,223 775,594 1,490,229 Poway Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District Number 0 41 0 1 2 3 2 0 0 1 4 54 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 273,470 0 2,000 1,797,000 9,144 6,096 0 0 0 0 2,087,710 San Diego (City) Number 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 4 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 13,340 0 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 41,736 58,124 San Diego County Water Authority Number 2 159 3 2 20 45 47 3 0 11 83 375 Exposure (x$1,000) 167,681 1,051,980 5,490 4,000 7,564,000 137,160 143,256 49,888 0 1,131,670 4,277,866 14,532,991 San Marcos Number 0 16 1 0 1 5 6 0 0 0 11 40 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 104,820 1,830 0 47,000 15,240 18,288 0 0 0 593,776 780,954 Santee Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Page 400 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 210 Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL Unincorporated Number 3 211 0 7 35 43 42 1 0 13 40 395 Exposure (x$1,000) 271,772 1,383,620 0 14,000 11,581,000 131,064 128,016 16,629 0 924,447 1,280,792 15,731,340 Vista Number 0 8 1 0 1 8 3 0 0 0 15 36 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 52,410 1,830 0 47,000 24,384 9,144 0 0 0 692,122 826,890 Vista Irrigation District Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 6,670 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41,070 47,740 Total Number 6 488 6 11 63 114 122 6 0 28 191 1,035 Total Exposure (x $1,000) 526,154 3,214,110 10,980 22,000 22,052,000 353,568 371,856 99,775 0 2,413,340 8,834,120 37,897,903 Page 401 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 211 TABLE 48: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO INFRASTRUCTURE FROM 500- YEAR EARTHQUAKE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Carlsbad  Total KMs  42 3 2 47 Exposure (x$1,000)  277,290 1,768 2,702 281,760 Chula Vista  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Coronado  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Del Mar  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 El Cajon  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Encinitas  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Escondido  Total KMs   113 15 0 128 Exposure (x$1,000)  751,643 9,996 0 761,639 Imperial Beach  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 La Mesa  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 National City  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Oceanside  Total KMs   197 21 21 239 Exposure (x$1,000)  1,315,268 14,640 32,248 1,362,156 Port of San Diego  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x1000)  0 0 0 0 Poway  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Page 402 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 212 Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Rainbow Municipal Water District Total KMs  308 25 0 333 Exposure (x$1,000)  2,053,961 16,929 0 2,070,890 San Diego (City)  Total KMs  8 0 0 8 Exposure (x$1,000)  53,990 0 0 53,990 San Diego County Water Authority  Total KMs  1,251 129 44 1,424 Exposure (x1000)  8,342,432 88,164 65,329 8,495,925 San Marcos  Total KMs  140 11 13 164 Exposure (x$1,000)  933,731 16,937 8,600 959,268 Santee  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Solana Beach  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Unincorporated  Total KMs  1,846 69 93 2,008 Exposure (x$1,000)  12,306,924 46,921 139,012 12,492,857 Vista  Total KMs   116 12 8 136 Exposure (x$1,000)  772,613 8,252 12,359 793,224 Vista Irrigation District Total KMs   7 1 1 9 Exposure (x$1,000)  47,718 835 980 49,533 Total Number  4,028 286 182 4,496 Total Exposure (x $1,000)  26,855,570 204,442 265,723 27,321,242 Page 403 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 213 TABLE 49: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE AND LOSSES FROM ROSE CANYON SCENARIO EARTHQUAKE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial Buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Population Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Alpine Fpd 0 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad 114,187 36,605 14,221,043 3,474 1,050,364 Chula Vista 210,011 46,508 18,068,358 4,483 1,355,435 Coronado 19,375 7,211 2,801,474 857 259,114 Del Mar 3,965 2,001 777,389 546 165,083 El Cajon 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas 59,322 19,547 7,594,010 3,192 965,101 Escondido 0 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach 27,161 5,698 2,213,673 421 127,289 La Mesa 25,203 5,473 2,126,261 604 182,619 Lemon Grove 26,480 6,522 2,533,797 594 179,596 National City 61,014 8,648 3,359,748 1,413 427,221 Oceanside 104,063 28,369 11,021,357 2,281 689,660 Otay Water District 126,387 28,869 11,215,607 1,267 383,077 Padre Dam Municipal Water District 0 0 0 0 0 Port Of San Diego 14,710 0 0 485 146,640 Poway 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District 0 0 0 0 0 Rancho Santa Fe Fpd 19,844 4,259 1,654,622 329 99,473 San Diego 1,184,880 280,311 108,900,824 36,762 11,114,991 San Diego County Water Authority 1,926,720 454,167 176,443,880 55,724 16,848,151 San Marcos 378 117 45,455 5 1,512 San Miguel Fpd 29,048 5,303 2,060,216 416 125,778 Santee 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach 13,214 5,113 1,986,401 1,229 371,588 Sweetwater Authority 113,119 33,847 13,149,560 5,152 1,557,707 Unincorporated 94,666 13,228 5,139,078 945 285,721 Vista 8,730 1,804 700,854 202 61,075 Vista Irrigation District 0 0 0 0 0 Total 4,182,477 993,600 386,013,599 120,381 36,397,195 Page 404 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 214 TABLE 50: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM ROSE CANYON SCENARIO EARTHQUAKE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP POT SCH TOTAL Alpine FPD Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad Number 1 44 0 0 7 10 11 0 5 20 98 Exposure (x$1,000) 182,097 289,680 0 0 1,985,000 30,480 33,528 0 684,447 1,139,748 4,344,980 Chula Vista Number 0 54 4 0 8 12 16 2 1 56 153 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 356,380 7,320 0 2,032,000 36,576 48,768 33,259 30,000 6,077,768 8,622,071 Coronado Number 0 1 0 1 3 3 5 1 0 4 18 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 6,670 0 4,000 141,000 9,144 15,240 16,629 0 225,996 418,679 Del Mar Number 0 6 0 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 13 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 39,070 0 0 0 9,144 12,192 0 0 0 60,406 El Cajon Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas Number 0 15 0 0 1 6 9 1 1 12 45 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 98,150 0 0 47,000 18,288 27,432 16,629 163,612 579,494 950,605 Escondido Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 5 12 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 6,096 15,240 0 0 289,784 311,120 La Mesa Number 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 9 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 32,400 1,830 0 0 0 0 0 0 117,438 151,668 Lemon Grove Number 0 12 0 0 1 3 5 0 0 5 26 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 79,090 0 0 47,000 9,144 15,240 0 0 208,236 358,710 National City Number 0 65 0 0 6 5 7 1 0 15 99 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 426,900 0 0 282,000 15,240 21,336 16,629 0 919,450 1,681,555 Oceanside Number 1 37 0 1 3 12 18 1 1 20 94 Exposure (x$1,000) 86,701 243,940 0 4,000 969,000 36,576 54,864 16,629 163,612 3,317,050 4,892,372 Otay Water District Number 0 38 1 0 4 7 4 1 0 31 86 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 253,460 1,830 0 1,844,000 21,336 12,192 16,629 0 4,623,446 6,772,893 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port of San Diego Number 3 3 0 0 3 7 4 0 0 0 20 Exposure (x$1,000) 300,604 19,060 0 0 969,000 21,336 12,192 0 0 0 1,322,192 Poway Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Number 0 15 0 0 1 2 4 0 4 3 29 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 100,050 0 0 47,000 6,096 12,192 0 520,835 64,010 750,183 San Diego (City) Number 3 550 11 32 65 94 138 9 5 263 1,170 Page 405 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 215 Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP POT SCH TOTAL Exposure (x$1,000) 745,778 3,637,150 20,130 128,000 13,819,000 286,512 420,624 149,663 684,447 28,292,272 48,183,576 San Diego County Water Authority Number 4 859 16 33 96 154 220 14 17 410 1,823 Exposure (x$1,000) 1,014,575 5,676,330 29,280 132,000 21,072,000 469,392 670,560 232,809 2,246,952 41,331,960 72,875,858 San Marcos Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Miguel FPD Number 0 36 0 0 0 2 1 0 1 6 46 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 240,120 0 0 0 6,096 3,048 0 30,000 284,752 564,016 Santee Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach Number 0 4 0 0 0 1 4 0 0 4 13 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 26,680 0 0 0 3,048 12,192 0 0 113,146 155,066 Sweetwater Authority Number 0 119 3 0 13 14 23 2 2 48 224 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 783,280 5,490 0 2,267,000 42,672 70,104 33,259 60,000 2,654,158 5,915,963 Unincorporated Number 0 79 0 0 4 7 8 0 5 11 114 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 526,930 0 0 1,844,000 21,336 24,384 0 550,835 414,252 3,381,737 Vista Number 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 4 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 6,670 0 0 47,000 3,048 0 0 0 163,106 219,824 Vista Irrigation District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Number 9 1,923 35 67 212 335 477 32 42 909 4,041 Total Exposure (x $1,000) 2,029,150 12,711,460 64,050 268,000 46,396,000 1,021,080 1,453,896 532,135 5,134,740 90,490,392 160,100,903 Page 406 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 216 TABLE 51: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO INFRASTRUCTURE FROM ROSE CANYON SCENARIO EARTHQUAKE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Alpine FPD Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Carlsbad  Total KMs  175 86 19 280 Exposure (x$1,000)  1,166,948 58,397 29,139 1,254,484 Chula Vista  Total KMs   313 43 16 372 Exposure (x$1,000)  2,088,358 29,225 23,583 2,141,166 Coronado  Total KMs  17 16 0 33 Exposure (x$1,000)  115,663 10,875 0 126,538 Del Mar  Total KMs   3 8 6 17 Exposure (x$1,000)  20,658 5,734 8,561 34,953 El Cajon  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Encinitas  Total KMs  84 43 12 139 Exposure (x$1,000)  560,387 29,238 18,293 607,918 Escondido  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach  Total KMs  3 4 0 7 Exposure (x$1,000)  16,720 2,743 0 19,463 La Mesa  Total KMs  57 3 4 64 Exposure (x$1,000)  379,149 1,806 6,699 387,654 Lemon Grove  Total KMs  41 6 9 56 Exposure (x$1,000)  270,926 3,781 12,751 287,458 National City  Total KMs  105 12 28 145 Exposure (x$1,000)  703,183 8,240 42,451 753,874 Oceanside  Total KMs   183 39 22 244 Exposure (x$1,000)  1,221,266 26,798 32,077 1,280,141 Total KMs   139 22 0 161 Page 407 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 217 Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Otay Water District Exposure (x1000)  930,061 15,258 0 945,319 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Total KMs   0 0 0 45 Exposure (x1000)  0 0 0 139,152 Port of San Diego  Total KMs   15 9 21 45 Exposure (x1000)  101,430 6,267 31,455 139,152 Poway  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x1000)  0 0 0 0 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Total KMs  3 5 0 8 Exposure (x$1,000)  19,405 3,355 0 22,760 San Diego (City)  Total KMs  1,145 303 213 1,661 Exposure (x$1,000)  7,633,100 207,096 319,623 8,159,819 San Diego County Water Authority  Total KMs  1,233 580 257 2,070 Exposure (x1000)  8,222,970 396,449 386,060 9,005,479 San Marcos  Total KMs  3 0 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000)  17,139 0 0 17,139 San Miguel FPD Total KMs   49 9 0 58 Exposure (x$1,000)  327,067 6,148 0 333,215 Santee  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Solana Beach  Total KMs   22 14 5 41 Exposure (x$1,000)  149,284 9,776 6,752 165,812 Sweetwater Authority Total KMs  80 5 38 123 Exposure (x$1,000)  531,071 3,375 57,035 591,481 Unincorporated  Total KMs  153 22 1 176 Exposure (x$1,000)  1,019,835 15,237 130 1,035,202 Page 408 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 218 Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Vista  Total KMs   22 1 0 23 Exposure (x$1,000)  143,694 908 0 144,602 Vista Irrigation District Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Total Number  3,845 1,230 651 5,726 Total Exposure (x $1,000)  25,638,314 840,706 974,609 27,453,629 Page 409 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 219 5.3.8. FLOOD Digitized 100-year and 500-year flood maps with base flood elevation (BFE) from the FEMA FIRM program for most of the areas were used for this project. Census blocks with non-zero population and non-zero dollar exposure that intersect with these polygons were used in the analysis. For the areas that did not include BFE information, a base flood elevation was estimated for the final purpose of computing the flood depth at different locations of the region as follows: • Transect lines across the flood polygon (perpendicular to the flow direction) were created using an approximation method for Zone A flood polygons. Zone A is the FEMA FIRM Zone that is defined as the 100-year base flood. • A point file was extracted from the line (Begin node, End node and center point). The Zonal operation in the GIS tool Spatial Analyst (with the point file and a digital elevation model [DEM]) was used to estimate the ground elevation in the intersection of the line with the flood polygon borders. The average value of the End and Begin point of the line was calculated. This value was assumed as the base flood elevation for each transect. A surface model (triangulated irregular network, or TIN) was derived from the original transect with the derived BFE value and the flood polygon. This TIN file approximated a continuous and variable flood elevation along the flood polygon. A grid file was then derived from the TIN file with the same extent and pixel resolution of the DEM (30-meter resolution). The difference of the flood elevation grid file and the DEM was calculated to produce an approximate flood depth for the whole study area. HAZUS-MH based damage functions, in a raster format, were created for each of the occupancies present in the census blocks. A customized Visual Basic (VBA) script was written to assign the ratio of damage expected (function of computed flood depth) for each type of occupancy based on the HAZUS-MH damage functions. HAZUS-MH exposure values ($) in raster format were created using Spatial Analyst. Since not all areas in the census blocks are completely within the flood area, the exposure at risk was weighted and estimated accordingly based on the number of pixels in flood area. Losses were then estimated through multiplication of damage ratio with the exposure at risk for each block. Losses were then approximated based on 100- and 500-year losses (high and low hazards). The first table below provides a breakdown of potential exposure and losses by jurisdiction for 100-year flood, and the second table provides a breakdown of infrastructure and critical facility losses for 100-year flood by jurisdiction. The third table provides a breakdown of potential exposure and losses by jurisdiction from 500-year flood, and the fourth table provides a breakdown of potential infrastructure and critical facility losses by jurisdiction. The loss tables also provide a breakdown of loss ratios for commercial and residential properties by jurisdiction. These loss ratios are determined by dividing the loss values by the exposure values for each jurisdiction, and give a perspective of the potential losses for each jurisdiction for this hazard. For example, a loss ratio value of 0.4 in El Cajon would mean that 40% of the exposed buildings in El Cajon would be lost due to a 100- or 500-year flood. Approximately 270,263 people may be at risk from the 100-year flood hazard. Approximately 585,882 people are at risk from the 500-year flood hazard. Page 410 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 220 TABLE 52: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE AND LOSSES FROM 100-YEAR FLOOD HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial Buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Population Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Alpine Fire Protection District 268 23 $8,938 1 $302 Carlsbad 2,497 619 $240,543 15 $4,535 Chula Vista 1,741 633 $245,984 169 $51,097 Coronado 4,022 0 $0 2 $605 Del Mar 1,123 384 $149,222 29 $8,768 El Cajon 5,427 80 $31,088 30 $9,071 Encinitas 661 32 $12,435 6 $1,814 Escondido 7,380 1,625 $631,475 209 $63,191 Imperial Beach 2,702 55 $21,373 1 $302 La Mesa 73 1 $389 3 $907 Lemon Grove 0 3 $1,166 4 $1,209 National City 10,693 149 $57,901 139 $42,027 Oceanside 13,323 4,540 $1,764,244 448 $135,453 Otay Water District 2,623 51 $19,819 16 $4,838 Padre Dam Municipal Water District 5,330 613 $238,212 75 $22,676 Port of San Diego 17,614 0 $0 2 $605 Poway 656 343 $133,290 64 $19,350 Rainbow Municipal Water District 1,124 105 $40,803 25 $7,559 Rancho Santa Fe Fire Protection District 1,252 23 $8,938 7 $2,116 San Diego (City) 35,523 4,976 $1,933,674 733 $221,623 San Diego County Water Authority 101,369 16,590 $6,446,874 2,397 $724,733 San Marcos 4,150 279 $108,419 106 $32,049 San Miguel Fire Protection District 3,575 524 $203,626 59 $17,839 Santee 1,279 40 $15,544 13 $3,931 Solana Beach 656 313 $121,632 11 $3,326 Sweetwater Authority 13,338 1,195 $464,377 486 $146,942 Unincorporated: 17,979 4,151 $1,613,079 530 $160,246 Vista 889 455 $176,813 38 $11,489 Vista Irrigation District 481 35 $13,601 7 $2,116 Total 257,748 37,837 14,703,459 5,625 1,700,719 Page 411 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 221 TABLE 53: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM 100-YEAR FLOOD HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL Alpine Fire Protection District Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad Number 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 123,880 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 123,880 Chula Vista Number 0 14 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 16 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 91,480 0 0 922,000 3,048 3,048 0 0 0 0 1,019,576 Coronado Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 6,670 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,670 Del Mar Number 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 19,060 0 0 0 6,096 0 0 0 0 0 25,156 El Cajon Number 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 20,010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 230,806 250,816 Encinitas Number 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 32,400 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32,400 Escondido Number 0 8 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 3 14 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 53,360 0 0 0 3,048 6,096 0 0 0 200,836 263,340 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 National City Number 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 64,800 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 64,800 Oceanside Number 1 21 0 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 2 31 Exposure (x$1,000) 86,701 134,370 0 0 0 9,144 12,192 0 0 0 88,356 330,763 Otay Water District Number 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 100,050 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100,050 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Number 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 31 Exposure (x$1,000) 206,770 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 206,770 Port of San Diego Number 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 Exposure (x$1,000) 6,670 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 719,793 0 0 726,463 Poway Number 0 12 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 13 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 80,040 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 0 0 83,088 Rainbow Municipal Water District Number 0 17 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 19 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 113,390 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 0 14,430 130,868 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Number 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 9 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 53,360 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 163,612 0 216,972 Page 412 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 222 Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL San Diego (City) Number 0 138 0 3 2 2 2 0 1 0 1 149 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 903,360 0 6,000 94,000 6,096 6,096 0 719,793 0 43,068 1,778,413 San Diego County Water Authority Number 1 360 0 6 4 11 11 0 1 1 11 406 Exposure (x$1,000) 86,701 2,364,150 0 12,000 1,016,000 33,528 33,528 0 719,793 163,612 364,476 4,793,788 San Marcos Number 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 63,850 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 63,850 San Miguel FPD Number 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 166,750 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 166,750 Santee Number 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 80,040 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 80,040 Solana Beach Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 6,670 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,670 Sweetwater Authority Number 0 24 0 0 2 1 2 0 0 0 1 30 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 156,280 0 0 922,000 3,048 6,096 0 0 0 22,126 1,109,550 Unincorporated Number 1 124 0 7 4 4 4 0 0 2 6 152 Exposure (x$1,000) 80,980 824,230 0 14,000 1,844,000 12,192 12,192 0 0 193,612 99,012 3,080,218 Vista Number 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 4 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 19,060 0 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 0 22,108 Vista Irrigation District Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 5,720 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,720 Total Number 35 834 0 16 14 27 27 0 3 4 27 985 Total Exposure (x $1,000) 467,822 5,482,980 0 32,000 4,798,000 82,296 82,296 0 2,159,379 520,836 1,063,110 14,688,719 Page 413 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 223 TABLE 54: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO INFRASTRUCTURE FROM 100-YEAR FLOOD HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Carlsbad  Total KMs  13 7 1 21 Exposure (x$1,000)  83,715 4,631 342 88,688 Chula Vista  Total KMs   32 3 1 36 Exposure (x$1,000)  210,783 2,373 194 213,350 Coronado  Total KMs  2 3 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000)  11,014 1,984 0 12,998 Del Mar  Total KMs   6 3 2 11 Exposure (x$1,000)  37,125 1,804 2,515 41,444 El Cajon  Total KMs  3 1 1 5 Exposure (x$1,000)  17,924 84 98 18,106 Encinitas  Total KMs  5 4 1 10 Exposure (x$1,000)  32,741 2,541 119 35,401 Escondido  Total KMs   26 2 0 28 Exposure (x$1,000)  172,723 1,651 0 174,374 Imperial Beach  Total KMs  0 1 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 543 0 543 La Mesa  Total KMs  1 1 1 3 Exposure (x$1,000)  3,158 225 180 3,563 Lemon Grove  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 National City  Total KMs  14 1 1 16 Exposure (x$1,000)  95,654 233 384 96,271 Oceanside  Total KMs   54 10 10 74 Exposure (x$1,000)  362,336 6,755 14,077 383,168 Otay Water District Total KMs   26 3 0 29 Exposure (x1000)  170,295 2,057 0 172,352 Page 414 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 224 Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Padre Dam Municipal Water District Total KMs   7 2 1 10 Exposure (x1000)  48,638 1,591 98 50,327 Port of San Diego  Total KMs   5 2 6 13 Exposure (x1000)  31,645 1,210 8,353 41,208 Poway  Total KMs  2 1 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000)  11,352 114 0 11,466 Rainbow Municipal Water District Total KMs  22 1 0 23 Exposure (x$1,000)  147,114 844 0 147,958 San Diego (City)  Total KMs  141 22 38 201 Exposure (x$1,000)  1,141,289 15,261 57,503 1,214,053 San Diego County Water Authority  Total KMs  426 63 53 542 Exposure (x1000)  2,842,718 43,267 79,247 2,965,232 San Marcos  Total KMs  19 2 2 23 Exposure (x$1,000)  128,671 1,238 2,565 132,474 San Miguel FPD Total KMs   2 1 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000)  14,886 704 0 15,590 Santee  Total KMs   5 2 0 7 Exposure (x$1,000)  35,785 1,394 0 37,179 Solana Beach  Total KMs   0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 Sweetwater Authority  Total KMs   47 3 1 51 Exposure (x$1,000)  310,550 2,059 577 313,186 Unincorporated  Total KMs  104 8 1 113 Exposure (x$1,000)  694,666 5,505 1,032 701,203 Vista  Total KMs   9 1 1 11 Exposure (x$1,000)  57,799 369 928 59,096 Vista Irrigation District Total KMs   2 0 1 3 Exposure (x$1,000)  13,618 0 37 13,655 Page 415 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 225 Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Total Number  973 147 122 1,242 Total Exposure (x $1,000)  6,676,199 98,437 168,249 6,942,885 Page 416 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 226 TABLE 55: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE AND LOSSES FROM 500-YEAR FLOOD HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial Buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Population Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Alpine Fpd 268 23 8,938 1 302 Carlsbad 2,497 619 240,543 15 4,535 Chula Vista 14,651 3,628 1,409,841 556 168,107 Coronado 4,022 0 0 2 605 Del Mar 1,228 475 184,585 36 10,885 El Cajon 20,560 6,231 2,421,367 867 262,137 Encinitas 681 44 17,098 10 3,024 Escondido 31,005 10,048 3,904,653 545 164,781 Imperial Beach 2,702 55 21,373 3 907 La Mesa 105 1 389 3 907 Lemon Grove 0 3 1,166 4 1,209 National City 12,868 909 353,237 200 60,470 Oceanside 33,750 12,611 4,900,635 659 199,249 Otay Water District 4,976 632 245,595 116 35,073 Padre Dam Municipal Water District 7,573 1,447 562,304 298 90,100 Port Of San Diego 17,736 0 0 18 5,442 Poway 3,107 1,090 423,574 134 40,515 Rainbow Municipal Water District 3,137 773 300,388 45 13,606 Rancho Santa Fe Fpd 1,262 36 13,990 7 2,116 San Diego 68,368 14,269 5,544,933 1,706 515,809 San Diego County Water Authority 221,421 56,606 21,997,092 5,880 1,777,818 San Marcos 4,230 503 195,466 178 53,818 San Miguel Fpd 5,417 700 272,020 86 26,002 Santee 2,846 751 291,839 217 65,610 Solana Beach 1,022 509 197,797 57 17,234 Sweetwater Authority 30,746 4,378 1,701,291 857 259,114 Unincorporated 26,802 5,967 2,318,776 618 186,852 Vista 3,135 1,096 425,906 230 69,541 Vista Irrigation District 818 48 18,653 14 4,233 Total 526,933 123,452 47,973,449 13,362 4,040,001 Page 417 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 227 TABLE 56: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM 500-YEAR FLOOD HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL Carlsbad Number 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 123,880 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 123,880 Chula Vista Number 0 19 1 0 4 2 1 0 0 0 1 28 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 124,830 1,830 0 1,844,000 6,096 3,048 0 0 0 119,880 2,099,684 Coronado Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 6,670 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,670 Del Mar Number 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 19,060 0 0 0 6,096 0 0 0 0 0 25,156 El Cajon Number 0 25 1 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 5 35 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 166,750 1,830 0 0 6,096 6,096 0 0 0 368,594 549,366 Encinitas Number 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 32,400 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32,400 Escondido Number 0 34 0 0 3 3 9 0 0 1 8 58 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 224,880 0 0 969,000 9,144 27,432 0 0 163,612 420,246 1,814,314 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 National City Number 0 12 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 14 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 78,140 0 0 0 0 6,096 0 0 0 0 84,236 Oceanside Number 1 23 0 1 0 6 6 0 0 0 5 42 Exposure (x$1,000) 20,137 147,710 0 2,000 0 18,288 18,288 0 0 0 199,578 406,001 Otay Water District Number 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 17 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 106,720 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 163,612 0 270,332 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Number 0 43 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 45 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 286,810 0 0 0 3,048 3,048 0 0 0 0 292,906 Port of San Diego Number 0 1 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 6,670 0 0 922,000 3,048 0 0 719,793 0 0 1,651,511 Poway Number 0 18 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 19 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 120,060 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 0 0 123,108 Rainbow Municipal Water District Number 0 19 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 21 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 126,730 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 0 14,430 144,208 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Number 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 9 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 53,360 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 163,612 0 216,972 San Diego (City) Number 0 184 1 3 4 4 8 0 1 1 3 209 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 1,208,280 5,490 6,000 1,016,000 12,192 24,384 0 719,793 163,612 138,602 3,294,353 Page 418 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 228 Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL San Diego County Water Authority Number 1 486 6 7 11 24 34 0 1 4 29 603 Exposure (x$1,000) 20,137 3,200,770 10,980 14,000 3,829,000 73,152 103,632 0 719,793 654,447 1,395,270 10,021,181 San Marcos Number 0 13 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 17 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 83,860 1,830 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 13,912 102,650 San Miguel FPD Number 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 26 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 166,750 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 163,612 0 330,362 Santee Number 0 17 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 18 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 113,390 0 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 0 116,438 Solana Beach Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 6,670 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,670 Sweetwater Authority Number 0 30 1 0 4 2 4 0 0 0 2 43 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 196,300 1,830 0 1,844,000 6,096 12,192 0 0 0 142,006 2,202,424 Unincorporated Number 1 133 0 7 4 4 5 0 0 3 7 164 Exposure (x$1,000) 14,416 884,260 0 14,000 1,844,000 12,192 15,240 0 0 357,223 114,626 3,255,957 Vista Number 0 5 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 2 13 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 32,400 0 0 0 9,144 9,144 0 0 0 63,048 113,736 Vista Irrigation District Number 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 25,730 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25,730 Total Number 3 1,144 11 18 32 56 77 0 3 12 65 1,421 Total Exposure (x $1,000) 54,690 7,543,080 23,790 36,000 12,268,000 170,688 234,696 0 2,159,379 1,829,730 2,990,192 27,310,245 Page 419 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 229 TABLE 57: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO INFRASTRUCTURE FROM 500-YEAR FLOOD HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Carlsbad  Total KMs  13 7 1 21 Exposure (x$1,000)  83,915 4,681 342 88,938 Chula Vista  Total KMs   68 8 5 81 Exposure (x$1,000)  454,289 5,173 7,439 466,901 Coronado  Total KMs  2 3 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000)  11,014 1,984 0 12,998 Del Mar  Total KMs   6 3 2 11 Exposure (x$1,000)  38,837 1,972 2,965 43,774 El Cajon  Total KMs  49 3 4 56 Exposure (x$1,000)  326,126 2,043 5,268 333,437 Encinitas  Total KMs  5 4 0 9 Exposure (x$1,000)  32,741 2,620 0 35,361 Escondido  Total KMs   65 6 1 72 Exposure (x$1,000)  431,452 4,162 752 436,366 Imperial Beach  Total KMs  1 1 0 2 Exposure (x$1,000)  1,097 543 0 1,640 La Mesa  Total KMs  1 1 1 3 Exposure (x$1,000)  3,158 281 180 3,619 Lemon Grove  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 National City  Total KMs  28 1 1 30 Exposure (x$1,000)  188,912 405 414 189,731 Oceanside  Total KMs   94 12 11 117 Exposure (x$1,000)  624,041 8,133 16,729 648,903 Otay Water District Total KMs   38 4 0 42 Exposure (x1000)  256,525 2,418 0 258,943 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Total KMs   28 4 3 35 Exposure (x1000)  184,247 2,915 5,218 192,380 Port of San Diego  Total KMs   9 2 9 20 Exposure (x1000)  28,995 1,211 13,073 43,279 Page 420 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 230 Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Poway  Total KMs  4 1 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000)  23,390 198 0 23,588 Rainbow Municipal Water District Total KMs  32 1 0 33 Exposure (x$1,000)  212,499 844 0 213,343 San Diego (City)  Total KMs  367 3 67 437 Exposure (x$1,000)  2,448,289 22,199 100,606 2,571,094 San Diego County Water Authority  Total KMs  859 89 94 1,042 Exposure (x1000)  5,730,566 61,124 140,601 5,932,291 San Marcos  Total KMs  26 2 2 30 Exposure (x$1,000)  172,749 1,393 3,617 177,759 San Miguel FPD Total KMs   4 1 0 5 Exposure (x$1,000)  24,494 759 0 25,253 Santee  Total KMs   25 4 1 30 Exposure (x$1,000)  166,448 2,574 303 169,325 Solana Beach  Total KMs   0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 Sweetwater Authority Total KMs   86 7 5 98 Exposure (x$1,000)  574,882 4,765 7,853 587,500 Unincorporated  Total KMs  124 9 1 134 Exposure (x$1,000)  823,809 5,942 1,070 830,821 Vista  Total KMs   25 1 1 27 Exposure (x$1,000)  167,522 560 1,486 169,568 Vista Irrigation District Total KMs   3 0 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000)  20,253 0 0 20,253 Total Number  1,962 177 209 2,348 Total Exposure (x $1,000)  13,030,250 138,899 307,916 13,477,065 Page 421 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 231 5.3.9. RAIN-INDUCED LANDSLIDE Steep slope and soils data from SANDAG, as well as data from the State of California, U.S. Geological Survey and HAZUS for all of San Diego County were combined and modeled to determine areas susceptible to rain-induced landslides. Soils that are prone to movement were determined from the database, and combined with areas that have greater than 25% slope, which are prone to sliding. The combination of these two factors gives a general idea of landslide susceptibility. Localized hard copy maps developed by TAN were also reviewed. The TAN landslide susceptibility modeling takes into account more information, such as past landslides, landslide-prone formations, and steep slope. The identified vulnerable assets were superimposed on top of this information, resulting in three risk/exposure estimates: 1. The aggregated exposure and building count (both dollar exposure and population) at the census block level for residential and commercial occupancies 2. The aggregated population at risk at the census block level 3. The critical infrastructure at risk (schools, hospitals, airports, bridges, and other facilities of critical nature). These results were then aggregated and presented by hazard risk level per jurisdiction. The first table below provides a breakdown of potential exposure for high-risk rain-induced landslide hazard by jurisdiction, and the second table below provides a breakdown of infrastructure and critical facility exposure for high risk. The third table provides a breakdown of potential exposure for moderate risk rain- induced landslide by jurisdiction, and the fourth table below provides a breakdown of potential infrastructure and critical facility exposure for moderate risk. Approximately 181,501 people may be at risk from a rain-induced landslide hazard: Page 422 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 232 TABLE 58: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE FROM RAIN-INDUCED LANDSLIDE HAZARD (HIGH RISK) BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial Buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Populatio n Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Alpine Fpd 292 2 777 0 0 Carlsbad 2,163 24 9,324 1 302,350 Chula Vista 865 0 0 0 0 Coronado 0 0 0 0 0 Del Mar 0 0 0 0 0 El Cajon 1,337 11 4,273 0 0 Encinitas 158 4 1,554 0 0 Escondido 4,372 76 29,526 3 907,050 Imperial Beach 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove 0 0 0 0 0 National City 0 0 0 0 0 Oceanside 0 0 0 0 0 Otay Water District 5,522 32 12,432 0 0 Padre Dam Municipal Water District 846 30 11,655 0 0 Port Of San Diego 0 0 0 0 0 Poway 574 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District 1,968 84 32,634 8 2,418,800 Rancho Santa Fe Fpd 10,853 3,285 1,276,223 226 68,331,100 San Diego 1,222 9 3,497 0 0 San Diego County Water Authority 68,465 5,076 1,972,026 270 81,634,500 San Marcos 8,693 943 366,356 12 3,628,200 San Miguel Fpd 1,773 48 18,648 0 0 Santee 8 11 4,274 1 302,350 Solana Beach 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority 2,592 89 34,577 2 604,700 Unincorporated 51,594 4,300 1,670,550 259 78,308,650 Vista 2,782 21 8,159 1 302,350 Vista Irrigation District 1,733 68 26,418 2 604,700 Total 167,812 14,113 5,482,903 785 237,344,750 Page 423 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 233 TABLE 59: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM RAIN-INDUCED LANDSLIDE HAZARD (HIGH RISK) BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP INFR PORT POT RAIL SCH TOTAL Carlsbad Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chula Vista Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Coronado Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Del Mar Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 El Cajon Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Escondido Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 National City Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Oceanside Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Otay Water District Number 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 47,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 47,000 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Number 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 2,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,000 Poway Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Number 0 2 0 0 2 1 4 0 0 0 1 0 4 14 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 13,340 0 0 94,000 3,048 12,192 0 0 0 163,612 0 218,078 504,270 San Diego County Water Authority Number 0 2 0 4 3 2 4 0 0 0 1 0 4 20 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 13,340 0 8,000 141,000 6,096 12,192 0 0 0 163,612 0 218,078 562,318 San Marcos Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Page 424 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 234 Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP INFR PORT POT RAIL SCH TOTAL Santee Number 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 2,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,000 Solana Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Unincorporat ed Number 0 2 0 3 3 1 4 0 0 0 1 0 4 18 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 13,340 0 6,000 141,000 3,048 12,192 0 0 0 163,612 0 218,078 557,270 Vista Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Number 0 6 0 9 9 4 12 0 0 0 3 0 12 55 Total Exposure (x $1,000) 0 40,020 0 18,000 423,000 2,192 36,576 0 0 0 490,836 0 654,234 1,674,858 Page 425 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 235 TABLE 60: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO INFRASTRUCTURE FROM RAIN-INDUCED LANDSLIDE HAZARD (HIGH RISK) BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Carlsbad  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Chula Vista  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Coronado  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Del Mar  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 El Cajon  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Encinitas  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Escondido  Total KMs   0 1 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 246 0 246 Imperial Beach  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 La Mesa  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 National City  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Otay Water District Total KMs   3 1 0 4 Exposure (x$1,000)  17,437 635 0 18,072 Page 426 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 236 Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Oceanside  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Total KMs   1 1 Exposure (x1000)  726 726 Port of San Diego  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x1000)  0 0 0 0 Poway  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District Total KMs  2 1 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000)  14,962 887 0 15,849 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Total KMs  15 1 0 16 Exposure (x$1,000)  98,127 742 0 98,869 San Diego (City)  Total KMs  1 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000)  2,823 0 0 2,823 San Diego County Water Authority  Total KMs  37 6 0 43 Exposure (x1000)  248,125 4,231 0 252,356 San Marcos  Total KMs  8 0 0 8 Exposure (x$1,000)  55,696 0 0 55,696 San Miguel FPD Total KMs   0 1 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 600 0 600 Santee  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Solana Beach  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority Total KMs  0 1 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 139 0 139 Unincorporated  Total KMs  47 6 2 55 Exposure (x$1,000)  311,472 3,962 2,442 317,876 Page 427 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 237 Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Vista  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Vista Irrigation District Total KMs   1 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000)  2,020 0 0 2,020 Total Number  114 19 2 135 Total Exposure (x $1,000)  750,662 12,168 2,442 765,272 Page 428 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 238 TABLE 61: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO RAIN-INDUCED LANDSLIDE HAZARD (MODERATE RISK) BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial Buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Population Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Alpine Fpd 0 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad 0 0 0 0 0 Chula Vista 0 0 0 0 0 Coronado 0 0 0 0 0 Del Mar 0 0 0 0 0 El Cajon 177 57 22,145 2 605 Encinitas 60 4 1,554 0 0 Escondido 558 494 191,919 26 7,861 Imperial Beach 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa 0 2 777 0 0 Lemon Grove 0 0 0 0 0 National City 0 64 24,864 1 302 Oceanside 0 0 0 0 0 Otay Water District 9,569 20,175 7,837,988 1,071 323,817 Padre Dam Municipal Water District 3,972 6,051 2,350,814 427 129,103 Port Of San Diego 0 0 0 0 0 Poway 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District 2,837 1,351 524,864 57 17,234 Rancho Santa Fe Fpd 16,246 11,707 4,548,170 684 206,807 San Diego 560 4 1,554 0 0 San Diego County Water Authority 115,920 103,190 40,089,315 6,267 1,894,827 San Marcos 258 150 58,275 5 1,512 San Miguel Fpd 23,999 41,324 16,054,374 2,186 660,937 Santee 0 0 0 0 0 Solana Beach 0 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority 4,265 5,316 2,065,266 301 91,007 Unincorporated 115,732 102,862 39,961,887 6,279 1,898,456 Vista 0 66 25,641 2 605 Vista Irrigation District 4,182 5,802 2,254,077 454 137,267 Total 298,335 298,619 116,013,484 17,762 5,307,340 Page 429 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 239 TABLE 62: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM RAIN-INDUCED LANDSLIDE HAZARD (MODERATE RISK) BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL Carlsbad Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chula Vista Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Coronado Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Del Mar Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 El Cajon Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Encinitas Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Escondido Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 National City Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Oceanside Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Otay Water District Number 0 41 0 15 9 9 9 0 0 2 19 104 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 273,470 0 30,000 2,907,000 27,432 27,432 0 0 193,612 3,621,338 7,080,284 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Number 0 34 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 36 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 226,780 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 114,552 341,332 Poway Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District Number 0 3 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 6 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 20,010 0 0 875,000 3,048 0 0 0 30,000 0 928,058 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Number 0 26 0 0 5 4 5 0 0 7 6 53 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 173,420 0 0 1,063,000 12,192 15,240 0 0 878,059 370,874 2,512,785 San Diego (City) Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego County Water Authority Number 0 245 0 21 28 31 28 0 0 14 56 423 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 1,629,400 0 42,000 8,768,000 94,488 85,344 0 0 1,355,282 5,323,190 17,297,704 Page 430 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 240 Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL San Marcos Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 6,670 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,670 Santee Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Miguel FPD Number 0 97 0 0 4 9 9 0 0 3 29 151 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 646,990 0 0 188,000 27,432 27,432 0 0 223,612 4,117,656 5,231,122 Solana Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority Number 0 32 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 1 3 41 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 213,440 0 0 47,000 3,048 9,144 0 0 30,000 98,494 401,126 Unincorporated Number 0 250 0 21 30 31 28 0 0 15 56 431 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 1,662,750 0 42,000 9,690,000 94,488 85,344 0 0 1,385,282 5,323,190 18,283,054 Vista Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Vista Irrigation District Number 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 25,730 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 91,464 117,194 Total Number 0 733 0 57 78 86 82 0 0 43 173 1,252 Total Exposure (x $1,000) 0 4,878,660 0 114,000 23,538,000 262,128 249,936 0 0 4,095,847 19,060,758 52,199,329 Page 431 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 241 TABLE 63: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO INFRASTRUCTURE FROM RAIN-INDUCED LANDSLIDE HAZARD (MODERATE RISK) BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Carlsbad  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Chula Vista  Total KMs   1 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000)  2,941 0 0 2,941 Coronado  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Del Mar  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 El Cajon  Total KMs  2 1 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000)  11,578 95 0 11,673 Encinitas  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Escondido  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Imperial Beach  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 La Mesa  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 National City  Total KMs  23 0 0 23 Exposure (x$1,000)  155,397 0 0 155,397 Oceanside  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Otay Water District Total KMs   166 41 0 207 Exposure (x$1,000)  1,309,054 28,206 0 1,337,260 Page 432 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 242 Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Padre Dam Municipal Water District Total KMs   26 3 0 29 Exposure (x1000)  171,195 2,376 0 173,571 Port of San Diego  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x1000)  0 0 0 0 Poway  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Rainbow Municipal Water District Total KMs  52 2 0 54 Exposure (x$1,000)  346,138 1,174 0 347,312 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Total KMs  43 5 0 48 Exposure (x1000)  288,347 3,352 0 291,699 San Diego (City)  Total KMs  6 0 2 8 Exposure (x$1,000)  40,763 0 2,312 43,075 San Diego County Water Authority  Total KMs  1,033 179 58 1,270 Exposure (x1000)  6,888,284 122,442 87,479 7,098,205 San Marcos  Total KMs  2 1 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000)  13,026 306 0 13,332 San Miguel FPD Total KMs   215 49 0 264 Exposure (x$1,000)  1,430,630 33,517 0 1,464,147 Santee  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Solana Beach  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Sweetwater Authority Total KMs   94 7 0 101 Exposure (x$1,000)  629,031 4,909 0 633,940 Unincorporated  Total KMs  1,113 180 58 1,351 Exposure (x$1,000)  7,424,405 122,740 87,336 7,634,481 Page 433 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 243 Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Vista  Total KMs   1 0 1 2 Exposure (x$1,000)  5,205 0 272 5,477 Vista Irrigation District Total KMs   40 2 3 45 Exposure (x$1,000)  268,108 1,566 4,609 274,283 Total Number  2,817 470 122 3,409 Total Exposure (x $1,000)  18,984,102 320,683 182,008 19,486,793 Page 434 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 244 5.3.10. WILDFIRE/STRUCTURE FIRE CDF-FRAP (California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection's Fire and Resource Assessment Program) modeled wildland fire threat for the state of California in 2002. This model was used in GIS to profile the fire hazard throughout the County and is described in detail below in the Vulnerability Assessment portion of this document. This data was updated as requested by the Encinitas jurisdiction and is reflected in the hazard modeling process and subsequent mapping. It should be noted that the hazard level depicted within current data boundaries will change after the CDF re-evaluates burned areas. After this re-evaluation is complete, it is expected that the CDF-FRAP will remodel the fire risk and provide updated risk maps. These updated maps should be included in future revisions of this plan. In the model, fire threat is a combination of factors including: 1. Historical fire regime and fire regime condition class 2. Existing vegetation 3. Topography. These factors were combined to create five fire regime classes ranging from little or no threat to extreme. The regime classes are: Fire Regime I - 0-35 year frequency and low to mixed severity Fire Regime II - 0-35 year frequency and high severity Fire regime III - 35-100+ year frequency and mixed severity Fire Regime IV - 35-100 + year frequency and high severity Fire Regime V - 200+ year frequency and high severity Wildfire loss estimates were determined using the CDF-FRAP Wildfire Hazard Severity Zones data. CDF- FRAP modeled wildland fire threat for the state of California in 2008. This model was used in GIS to profile the fire hazard throughout the County, then used in overlays to determine the loss estimates. In the model, fire threat is a combination of two factors: 1) fire rotation, or the likelihood of a given area burning, and 2) potential fire behavior (fuel rank). These two factors were combined to create five threat classes ranging from little or no threat to very high. The fuel ranking methodology assigned ranks based on expected fire behavior for unique combinations of topography and vegetative fuels under a given severe weather condition (wind speed, humidity, temperature, and fuel moisture). The procedure made an initial assessment of rank based on as assigned fuel model and slope, then potentially increases ranks based on the amount of ladder and/or crown fuel present to arrive at a final fuel rank. Fire rotation class intervals were calculated from fifty years of fire history on land areas grouped into “strata” based on fire environment conditions. These strata are defined by climate, vegetation, and land ownership. The fire rotation interval is the number of years it would take for past fires to burn an area equivalent to the area of a given stratum. Fire rotation interval for a given stratum is calculated by dividing the annual number of acres burned into the total area of the stratum. Finally, fire rotation values were grouped into classes. The larger fire rotation values correspond to less frequent burning. CDF calculated a numerical index of fire threat based on the combination of fuel rank and fire rotation. A 1-3 ranking of fuel rank was summed with the 1-3 ranking from rotation class to develop a threat index ranging from 2 to 6. This threat index was then grouped into four threat classes. Areas that do not support wildland fuels (e.g., open water, agriculture lands, etc.) were omitted from the calculation, however areas of very large urban centers (i.e., concrete jungles) were left in but received a moderate threat value. This data was updated as requested by the City of Encinitas to more accurately reflect their fire risks, and is reflected in the hazard modeling process and subsequent mapping. The identified vulnerable assets were superimposed on top of this information, resulting in four risk/exposure estimates: 1) the aggregated exposure and building count at the parcel level for residential Page 435 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 245 and commercial occupancies, 2) the aggregated population at risk at the census block level, 3) the critical facilities at risk (schools, hospitals, airports, bridges, and other facilities of a critical nature), and 4) the critical infrastructure (major roadways, railways, and oil/gas pipelines) at risk. These results were then aggregated and presented by hazard risk level per jurisdiction. Wildfire can create a multi-hazard effect, where areas that are burned by wildfire suddenly have greater flooding risks because the vegetation that prevented erosion is now gone. Watershed from streams and rivers will change and floodplain mapping may need to be updated. Also, air quality issues during a large- scale fire would cause further economic losses than only the structural losses described below. Road closures and business closures due to large-scale fires would also increase the economic losses shown below. The tables below provide a breakdown of potential greatest exposures to the San Diego region: Page 436 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 246 TABLE 64: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE FROM VERY HIGH WILDFIRE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial Buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Population Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Alpine FPD 14,696 4,961 1,927,845 84 25,397 Carlsbad 19,479 5,075 1,972,145 561 169,618 Chula Vista 15,354 2,583 1,003,754 64 19,350 Coronado 0 0 0 0 0 Del Mar 3,555 340 132,124 249 75,285 El Cajon 13,057 1,523 591,838 7 2,116 Encinitas 11,633 3,801 1,476,689 89 26,909 Escondido 33,762 4,639 1,802,715 148 44,748 Imperial Beach 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa 106 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove 0 0 0 0 0 National City 0 0 0 0 0 Oceanside 14,768 1,823 708,418 128 38,701 Otay Water District 25,962 6,989 2,715,925 383 115,800 Padre Dam Municipal Water District 68,029 14,780 5,743,508 802 242,485 Port Of San Diego 0 0 0 0 0 Poway 25,892 5,326 2,069,684 569 172,037 Rainbow Municipal Water District 11,651 4,168 1,619,685 60 18,141 Rancho Santa Fe Fpd 27,114 3,586 1,393,520 173 52,307 San Diego 341,251 123,699 48,069,431 3,517 1,063,365 San Diego County Water Authority 791,081 203,245 78,981,007 8,821 2,667,029 San Marcos 41,364 7,043 2,736,910 355 107,334 San Miguel Fpd 21,741 4,418 1,716,835 157 47,469 Santee 17,792 4,673 1,815,928 115 34,770 Solana Beach 2,538 579 224,999 25 7,559 Sweetwater Authority 734 0 0 78 23,583 Unincorporated 322,758 52,594 20,438,028 3,708 1,121,114 Vista 21,628 1,680 652,848 279 84,356 Vista Irrigation District 20,066 1,497 581,734 54 16,327 Total 1,866,011 459,022 178,375,570 20,426 6,175,800 Wildfire dataset provided by City of Encinitas for Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones Page 437 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 247 TABLE 65: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM VERY HIGH WILDFIRE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL Alpine PFD Number 0 34 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 4 42 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 226,780 0 0 47,000 0 9,144 0 0 0 114,922 397,846 Carlsbad Number 0 7 0 0 1 4 2 0 0 1 2 17 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 46,690 0 0 47,000 12,192 6,096 0 0 163,612 108,188 383,778 Chula Vista Number 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 47,000 3,048 0 0 0 0 0 50,048 Coronado Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Del Mar Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 El Cajon Number 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 6 9 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 13,340 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 0 6,997,070 7,013,458 Encinitas Number 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 22,880 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 163,612 51,948 78,628 Escondido Number 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 13 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 73,370 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30,000 42,106 145,476 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 National City Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Oceanside Number 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 5 Exposure (x$1,000) 86,701 6,670 0 0 0 3,048 3,048 0 0 0 37,518 136,985 Otay Water District Number 0 16 0 15 11 4 6 0 0 2 8 62 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 106,720 0 30,000 3,001,000 12,192 18,288 0 0 193,612 474,192 3,836,004 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Number 0 47 0 0 1 4 4 0 0 1 16 73 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 313,490 0 0 47,000 12,192 12,192 0 0 163,612 7,396,966 7,945,452 Poway Number 0 32 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 6 3 46 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 213,440 0 0 141,000 3,048 3,048 0 0 180,000 155,918 696,454 Rainbow Municipal Water District Number 0 33 0 1 2 2 1 0 0 0 1 40 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 220,110 0 2,000 922,000 6,096 3,048 0 0 0 14,430 1,167,684 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Number 0 8 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 3 0 15 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 53,360 0 0 1,016,000 0 0 0 0 193,612 0 1,262,972 San Diego (City) Number 1 260 2 21 34 18 14 1 0 4 70 425 Exposure (x$1,000) 20,137 1,716,150 3,660 42,000 8,222,000 54,864 42,672 16,629 0 387,223 15,821,496 26,326,831 Page 438 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 248 Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL San Diego County Water Authority Number 1 457 2 53 59 49 33 4 0 26 119 803 Exposure (x$1,000) 106,837 3,026,340 3,660 106,000 13,537,000 149,352 100,584 33,259 0 1,982,505 37,210,012 56,255,550 San Marcos Number 0 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 12 17 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 6,670 0 4,000 857,000 3,048 0 0 0 0 12,941,120 13,811,838 San Miguel FPD Number 0 2 0 0 2 1 3 0 0 2 3 13 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 13,340 0 0 94,000 3,048 9,144 0 0 193,612 71,780 384,924 Santee Number 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 6 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 13,340 0 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 163,612 152,366 332,366 Solana Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Unincorporated Number 0 258 0 33 37 44 33 0 0 15 34 454 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 1,701,860 0 66,000 6,707,000 131,064 100,584 0 0 1,118,059 1,029,784 10,854,351 Vista Number 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 13,340 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 0 0 16,388 Total Number 3 1,177 4 125 157 132 102 5 0 63 183 2,050 Total Exposure (x $1,000) 213,675 7,787,890 7,320 250,000 34,685,000 399,288 310,896 49,888 0 4,933,071 82,619,816 131,097,033 Wildfire dataset provided by City of Encinitas for Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones Page 439 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 249 TABLE 66: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO INFRASTRUCTURE FROM VERY HIGH WILDFIRE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Alpine FPD Total KMs  65 3 0 68 Exposure (x$1,000)  434,832 2,268 0 437,100 Carlsbad  Total KMs  61 13 0 74 Exposure (x$1,000)  407,897 8,578 0 416,475 Chula Vista  Total KMs   41 4 0 45 Exposure (x$1,000)  273,960 2,566 0 276,526 Coronado  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Del Mar  Total KMs   0 1 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 652 0 652 El Cajon  Total KMs  16 2 0 18 Exposure (x$1,000)  107,171 1,079 0 108,250 Encinitas  Total KMs  21 10 0 24 Exposure (x$1,000)  65,575 6,717 0 140,769 Escondido  Total KMs   40 9 0 49 Exposure (x$1,000)  267,984 6,149 0 274,133 Imperial Beach  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 La Mesa  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 National City  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Oceanside  Total KMs   14 3 0 17 Exposure (x$1,000)  90,850 2,180 0 93,030 Page 440 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 250 Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Otay Water District Total KMs   216 24 0 240 Exposure (x1000)  1,438,065 16,706 0 1,454,771 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Total KMs   137 22 0 159 Exposure (x1000)  911,453 14,984 0 926,437 Port of San Diego  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x1000)  0 0 0 0 Poway  Total KMs  58 4 0 62 Exposure (x$1,000)  388,142 2,414 0 390,556 Rainbow Municipal Water District Total KMs   262 11 0 273 Exposure (x1000)  1,744,280 7,763 0 1,752,043 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Total KMs  14 2 0 16 Exposure (x$1,000)  93,346 1,630 0 94,976 San Diego (City)  Total KMs  1,934 126 56 2,116 Exposure (x$1,000)  12,894,842 85,728 83,589 13,064,159 San Diego County Water Authority  Total KMs  3,316 292 89 3,697 Exposure (x1000)  22,108,904 199,668 133,388 22,441,960 San Marcos  Total KMs  40 2 1 43 Exposure (x$1,000)  266,929 1,183 1,642 269,754 San Miguel FPD Total KMs   51 21 0 72 Exposure (x$1,000)  338,443 14,334 0 352,777 Santee  Total KMs   33 2 0 35 Exposure (x$1,000)  223,061 1,448 0 224,509 Solana Beach  Total KMs   9 3 1 13 Exposure (x$1,000)  61,678 1,776 254 63,708 Unincorporated  Total KMs  2,185 123 90 2,398 Exposure (x$1,000)  14,569,105 83,698 134,264 14,787,067 Page 441 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 251 Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Vista  Total KMs   13 3 0 16 Exposure (x$1,000)  87,845 1,723 0 89,568 Vista Irrigation District Total KMs   12 0 1 13 Exposure (x$1,000)  79,247 0 535 79,782 Total Number  8,538 680 238 9,449 Total Exposure (x $1,000)  58,853,609 463,244 353,672 57,739,002 Page 442 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 252 TABLE 67: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE FROM HIGH WILDFIRE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Residential Buildings at Risk Commercial Buildings at Risk Jurisdiction Exposed Population Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Building Count Potential Exposure (x$1,000) Alpine FPD 991 788 306,138 138 41,724 Carlsbad 24,365 8,513 3,307,301 238 71,959 Chula Vista 8,464 2,863 1,112,276 57 17,234 Coronado 0 0 0 0 0 Del Mar 940 255 99,068 8 2,419 El Cajon 1,131 168 65,268 20 6,047 Escondido 9,189 1,629 632,867 76 22,979 Imperial Beach 0 6 2,331 0 0 La Mesa 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove 0 0 0 0 0 National City 0 0 0 0 0 Oceanside 18,152 5,128 1,992,228 144 43,538 Otay Water District 15,736 4,372 1,698,522 355 107,334 Padre Dam Municipal Water District 11,393 3,746 1,455,321 284 85,867 Port Of San Diego 0 0 0 0 0 Poway 7,010 1,974 766,899 202 61,075 Rainbow Municipal Water District 4,867 2,021 785,159 63 19,048 Rancho Santa Fe FPD 11,976 2,456 954,156 103 31,142 San Diego 30,619 9,281 3,605,669 1,427 431,453 San Diego County Water Authority 224,927 55,177 21,436,265 3,591 1,085,739 San Marcos 11,262 5,276 2,049,726 124 37,491 San Miguel FPD 5,147 1,672 649,572 263 79,518 Santee 7,644 2,047 795,260 75 22,676 Solana Beach 954 505 196,193 15 4,535 Sweetwater Authority 491 472 183,372 21 6,349 Unincorporated 98,697 16,146 6,272,721 1,157 349,819 Vista 15,117 999 388,112 88 26,607 Vista Irrigation District 8,960 674 261,849 36 10,885 Total 518,032 126,168 49,016,273 8,485 2,565,438 Page 443 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 253 TABLE 68: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES FROM HIGH WILDFIRE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL Alpine FPD Number 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 6 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 20,010 0 0 0 6,096 0 0 0 0 18,722 44,828 Carlsbad Number 0 9 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 7 19 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 60,030 0 0 0 0 6,096 0 0 163,612 452,436 682,174 Chula Vista Number 0 3 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 20,010 1,830 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 42,550 67,438 Coronado Number 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 6,670 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,670 Del Mar Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 El Cajon Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Escondido Number 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 1 3 7 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 2,000 1,750,000 0 0 0 0 163,612 98,346 2,013,958 Imperial Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 La Mesa Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 National City Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Oceanside Number 0 7 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 1 3 15 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 46,690 0 0 47,000 6,096 3,048 0 0 163,612 125,060 391,506 Otay Water District Number 0 8 1 0 2 3 1 0 0 0 2 17 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 53,360 1,830 0 922,000 9,144 3,048 0 0 0 201,428 1,190,810 Padre Dam Municipal Water District Number 0 12 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 2 17 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 80,040 0 0 0 6,096 3,048 0 0 0 72,372 161,556 Poway Number 0 7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 10 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 46,690 0 0 47,000 0 0 0 0 60,000 0 153,690 Rainbow Municipal Water District Number 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 46,690 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 46,690 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Number 0 6 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 3 11 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 40,020 0 0 0 6,096 0 0 0 0 246,864 292,980 San Diego (City) Number 2 14 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 2 20 Exposure (x$1,000) 161,960 93,380 0 0 0 3,048 3,048 0 0 0 221,852 483,288 San Diego County Water Authority Number 1 94 1 1 12 12 11 0 0 7 35 174 Exposure (x$1,000) 344,057 622,230 1,830 2,000 3,876,000 36,576 33,528 0 0 878,059 2,012,874 7,807,154 Page 444 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 254 Jurisdiction Data AIR BRDG BUS COM ELEC EMER GOVT HOSP PORT POT SCH TOTAL San Marcos Number 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 6 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 13,340 0 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 264,624 281,012 San Miguel FPD Number 0 7 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 11 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 46,690 0 0 47,000 3,048 3,048 0 0 0 158,878 258,664 Santee Number 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 13,340 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 53,650 66,990 Solana Beach Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24,864 24,864 Sweetwater Authority Number 0 6 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 8 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 40,020 0 0 0 0 3,048 0 0 0 33,004 76,072 Unincorporated Number 1 79 0 0 12 10 6 0 0 2 16 126 Exposure (x$1,000) 196,513 517,430 0 0 2,220,000 30,480 18,288 0 0 327,223 727,346 4,037,280 Vista Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Exposure (x$1,000) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48,396 48,396 Total Number 4 267 3 2 31 35 27 0 0 14 83 466 Total Exposure (x $1,000) 702,530 1,766,640 5,490 4,000 8,909,000 106,680 82,296 0 0 1,756,118 4,803,266 19,806,356 Page 445 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 255 TABLE 69: POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO INFRASTRUCTURES FROM HIGH WILDFIRE HAZARD BY JURISDICTION Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Alpine FPD Total KMs  6 1 0 7 Exposure (x$1,000)  38,043 595 0 38,638 Carlsbad  Total KMs  129 24 0 153 Exposure (x$1,000)  861,708 16,189 0 877,897 Chula Vista  Total KMs   33 2 0 35 Exposure (x$1,000)  218,981 1,024 0 220,005 Coronado  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Del Mar  Total KMs   1 2 1 4 Exposure (x$1,000)  2,219 1,200 257 3,676 El Cajon  Total KMs  3 1 0 4 Exposure (x$1,000)  23,274 438 0 23,712 Escondido  Total KMs   20 2 0 22 Exposure (x$1,000)  135,087 1,550 0 136,637 Imperial Beach  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 La Mesa  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Lemon Grove  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 National City  Total KMs  0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000)  0 0 0 0 Oceanside  Total KMs   50 4 0 54 Exposure (x$1,000)  330,311 2,580 0 332,891 Otay Water District Total KMs   84 10 0 94 Exposure (x1000)  559,789 6,922 0 566,711 Page 446 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 256 Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Padre Dam Municipal Water District Total KMs   24 3 0 27 Exposure (x1000)  161,849 2,232 0 164,081 Port of San Diego  Total KMs   0 0 0 0 Exposure (x1000)  0 0 0 0 Poway  Total KMs  14 1 0 15 Exposure (x$1,000)  96,648 227 0 96,875 Rainbow Municipal Water District Total KMs   35 2 0 37 Exposure (x1000)  235,403 1,607 0 237,010 Rancho Santa Fe FPD Total KMs  14 1 0 15 Exposure (x$1,000)  95,745 432 0 96,177 San Diego (City)  Total KMs  130 6 2 138 Exposure (x$1,000)  864,555 4,184 2,817 871,556 San Diego County Water Authority  Total KMs  683 119 19 821 Exposure (x1000)  4,553,847 81,510 28,331 4,663,688 San Marcos  Total KMs  40 1 3 44 Exposure (x$1,000)  267,402 843 5,094 273,339 San Miguel FPD Total KMs   24 2 0 26 Exposure (x$1,000)  163,233 1,433 0 164,666 Santee  Total KMs   13 2 0 15 Exposure (x$1,000)  87,222 1,340 0 88,562 Solana Beach  Total KMs   1 2 1 4 Exposure (x$1,000)  1,572 1,282 701 3,555 Sweetwater Authority Total KMs  1 3 0 4 Exposure (x$1,000)  6,227 2,058 0 8,285 Unincorporated  Total KMs  420 71 32 523 Exposure (x$1,000)  2,798,149 48,323 47,473 2,893,945 Page 447 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 257 Jurisdiction  Data  HWY  OIL GAS  RR  TOTAL  Vista  Total KMs   12 2 0 14 Exposure (x$1,000)  83,218 1,463 0 84,681 Vista Irrigation District Total KMs   2 0 0 2 Exposure (x$1,000)  14,101 0 0 14,101 Total Number  1,739 261 58 2,058 Total Exposure (x $1,000)  11,598,583 177,432 84,673 11,860,688 Page 448 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 258 5.3.11. HUMAN-CAUSED HAZARDS The vulnerability assessment information for human-caused hazards is considered sensitive homeland security information and is provided in a separate, confidential document (Attachment A). 5.3.12. CLIMATE CHANGE (EXTREME HEAT, DROUGHT, COMPOUNDING EVENTS) The following paragraphs provide an assessment summary of Climate Change impacts and threats to people and property in the San Diego region, provided by planning partners from Scripps Institution of Oceanography (more sources are listed in this plan’s appendices):138F139F139F 144 Scripps Institution of Oceanography Assessment Summary Community adaptations to climate change should best be conducted with an awareness of the existing local climate, along with spatially specific climate projections. This section summarizes and updates findings of the San Diego Region Report (Kalansky et al., 2018) and the San Diego County Ecosystems Report (Jennings et al., 2018) which have recently synthesized the current state of the science and understanding of the impacts from climate variability and future climate change in the region. The section will be organized by key climate-related phenomena: temperature, precipitation, Santa Ana winds and wildfires, coastal low clouds, and sea level. The section concludes by discussing compounding extreme events. Warming Temperature, Extreme Heat, and Drought As has been projected across California (Pierce et al., 2018), models indicate that temperature in San Diego will warm progressively through the 21st Century. By the end of the 21st Century, the projected warming ranges from 4˚F to 9˚F, with magnitude depending greatly upon global greenhouse gas emissions. Warming is projected to be greater in late summer and early fall than in other months of the year, and this monthly difference is more pronounced for minimum daily temperatures and under a non-mitigated greenhouse gas emission scenario (RCP 8.5). Because the oceans warm more slowly than land masses, temperature increases along the coast are projected to be about 1˚F less than other locations throughout the region. The most severe impacts of rising temperature will likely result during occurrences of weather patterns that cause extreme heat. Heat waves have impacts on human health, ecosystems, agriculture, energy demand, and infrastructure. By the end of the century, similar to the average temperature change, the hottest day of the year is projected to increase by 4-9˚F depending on the greenhouse gas emission scenario. The frequency, or the probability of a heat wave occurrence, does not necessarily follow background warming however (Guirguis et al., 2018). For example, under 6˚F of warming, nighttime frequency of heat waves is projected to increase by approximately 51% in the coastal zone, while that of daytime heat waves is only projected to increase by 23% (Jennings et al., 2018). Unlike the coasts, the local mountains, such as Cuyamaca have a similar increase (~30%) in the probability of nighttime and daytime heat waves. This contrast is a result of differences in the number of days of extreme temperature (long warm tails). Relative to background warming, which is projected to be stronger inland than at the coast, scientists (Gershunov & Guirguis, 2012) have projected more intense future heat waves along the coast compared to inland areas. In San Diego, as in the rest of California, coastal low clouds modulate temperatures by providing a cooling effect (Iacobellis & Cayan, 2013) while their absence can boost heat waves relative to normal temperatures (Clemesha et al., 2018). This relationship has an impact on projections of heatwaves; however, the sensitivity of coastal low clouds to climate change is complicated and is an area of active research at present. Moreover, winter Santa Ana wind-driven coastal heat wave activity is on the rise (Gershunov et al. 2021) and these events are known to carry a health burden (Schwarz et al. 2020). The San Diego Region Report highlighted that the most vulnerable populations to health impacts from extreme events, such as heatwaves, are those who lack resources or are uninsured, are socially isolated, or 144 Higbee, Melissa, Daniel Cayan, Sam Iacobellis, Mary Tyree (2014). Report from San Diego Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Training Workshop #1: Climate Change and Hazards in San Diego. ICLEI-Local Governments for Sustainability. Accessed July 7, 2014. http://www.icleiusa.org/library/documents/training-workshop-report/view Page 449 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 259 whose health is already compromised. For example, cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses are exacerbated by heat and air pollution (Analitis et al., 2014) and psychiatric illness has been shown to triple the risk of death from extreme heat (Bouchama et al., 2007). Heatwaves increase morbidity and mortality as was seen with the July 2006 heat wave in California, which exhibited unprecedented magnitude and unusually high humidity levels (Gershunov et al., 2009). The 2006 extreme heat wave resulted in over 600 excess deaths (Ostro et al., 2009), over 1200 excess hospitalizations for cardiovascular and other diseases (Guirguis et al., 2014), and over 16,000 excess emergency-department visits (Knowlton et al., 2009). In addition, recent research since the San Diego report has shown heat waves in the week prior can cause preterm birth (Ilango et al., 2020) and significant increases in renal hospital admissions for urinary tract infection, septicemia (blood poisoning), urinary stones, and composite kidney disease (Malig et al., 2019). Throughout California and in San Diego, the effect of high apparent temperature, a combination of hot temperatures and high humidity, can have a greater impact in mortality (heat-related deaths) in coastal areas than inland areas (Basu, 2009). Guirguis et al, (2018, 2014) found that higher daily rates of heat wave-related hospitalization in coastal areas was caused by a lack of air conditioning, while community members in inland areas more often did have air conditioning. Building on this, McElroy et al. (McElroy et al., 2020), examined heat wave definitions (length, threshold percentiles and nighttime versus daytime temperature) and found that community members in climatologically warmer inland and desert climate zones in San Diego had more hospitalizations during heatwaves that had high nighttime warming, as compared to community members in the coastal zone. Both studies underscore the need for heat warning systems that account for differences in the climate zones throughout San Diego. Furthermore, warming temperatures statewide could result in reduced water supply for the San Diego region. The State Water Project and Colorado River provide 75% to 95% of the water supply for the San Diego region, depending on the year. Both water supplies originate in mountain snowpack. Over the past 50 years across most of the Southwest, there has been less late-winter precipitation falling as snow, earlier snowmelt, and earlier arrival of most of the year’s streamflow. Projections of further warming will result in reduced snowpack, which could translate into reduced water supply for the San Diego region’s cities, agriculture, and ecosystems. An additional threat to water supply is the vulnerability of the levees protecting the California Delta, which feeds the State Water Project. While the San Diego region’s water supply is likely to decrease, water demand is expected to also increase approximately 29% by 2050 due to economic growth and population pressures. Local water managers also report that higher temperatures could lead to increased demand for water for irrigation. Water shortages could become more frequent and more severe in the future, straining the local economy. In Southern California, high temperatures also have great impacts on energy and transportation. A study of Los Angeles, which examined vulnerabilities of energy infrastructure at the neighborhood level, estimated losses up to 20% of peak demand safe operating electrical system capacity during projected extreme temperatures at the end of the century. High temperatures in neighboring San Diego County are expected to have similar impacts. Possible adaptations identified for the Los Angeles case, including higher density housing and reduction of sunlight absorbed (increasing albedo) are relevant for the San Diego region (Burillo et al., 2018, 2019). Data relating to temperature impacts on transportation in Southern California is limited, but studies elsewhere indicate that high temperatures must be included as design criteria in order to avoid damage to roads and rail lines (Sias-Daniel et al., 2014). Research is advancing on effective adaptations to help combat the impact of heat. As Guirguis et al. (2018) showed, access to air conditioning can help prevent hospitalizations during extreme heat events. People living in hotter areas within cities have suffered an overall 6% higher risk of mortality/ morbidity compared to those in cooler areas, and those living in less vegetated areas had 5% higher risk compared to those living in more vegetated areas (Schinasi et al., 2018). In Los Angeles, increases in roof albedo, through light- colored reflecting roof surface treatments, reduces near-surface air temperature (Mohegh et al., 2018). With respect to infrastructure, the increase of solar energy generation in San Diego will help to offset increased electricity demand during hot sunny days, although this local source of energy will not help to satisfy nighttime energy needs for air conditioning on hot nights, and will be less effective during, cloudy, hot and Page 450 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 260 often humid days. The addition of batteries can extend solar power's ability to provide energy during nighttime and on cloudy days. Highly Volatile Precipitation Precipitation in Southern California has the highest year-to-year variability of any place in the continental U.S (Dettinger et al., 2011). In the San Diego region this variability is exemplified by the unusually wet water years of 2005, 2011, and 2017 and the droughts of 2001-2004, 2007-2010 and 2012-2016. As is the case for Northern California (Dettinger & Cayan, 2014), the high year-to-year variability in San Diego County is driven by extreme precipitation events, wherein days with precipitation at or exceeding the 95th percentile account for 80% of the year-to-year variability in annual total precipitation (Jennings et al., 2018). The heaviest events mostly occur in winter, although the region occasionally experiences high rainfall events from tropical storms or convective rainfall patterns during late summer and early fall. Large spatial variability adds to the complexity of the climate regime in the region. Mean annual precipitation ranges widely in San Diego County, between approximately 8-36 inches with most differences resulting from topographic influences - most precipitation on the west and south facing slopes and least in the rain shadow of the local mountains. Model projections indicate that precipitation in California will become even more variable in future decades. While days with measurable precipitation become less frequent in Southern California (Pierce et al., 2013; Polade et al., 2014), extreme precipitation events will intensify (Polade et al., 2017). By the end of the century, the average wettest day every five years is projected to increase by 10-30%. Driving the precipitation regime change are atmospheric rivers, which are transports of moisture from the tropics over the Pacific Ocean in long, thin streams of moisture, like rivers in the sky. Precipitation from atmospheric rivers is projected to increase in the future, while precipitation from other forms of precipitation is projected to decrease. This tendency is particularly evident for the most extreme events — model projections suggest the strongest increases in the wettest 1% of days, nearly all of which are found to be atmospheric rivers (Gershunov et al., 2019). Atmospheric rivers are projected to be associated with floods, annual maximum flow events, 8% more often in the end of the century as compared to 1950-2000 (Cao et al., 2020). Historically atmospheric rivers have caused the greatest flood damages to property in California and elsewhere along the West Coast as compared to other types of storms (Corringham et al., 2019). Also, coastal runoff created by atmospheric rivers has been shown to result in fecal pollution in coastal waters (Aguilera et al., 2019). In future decades, projected increases in precipitation from atmospheric rivers will likely increase both the flood damages and water pollution as a result of the extreme precipitation. The average of several climate models project that Southern California will be drier in the future. However, the models project a range of changes in annual precipitation, due to differences in the representation of atmospheric circulation changes across different global climate models, and to the highly variable nature of the San Diego precipitation (Gershunov et al., 2019). Drought, both interannual and annual, impacts ecosystems and enhances wildfire risk. The recent 2012-2016 drought may be an early form of future droughts in California, not only having diminished annual precipitation amounts, but also featuring temperatures exceeding historical levels. This combination of warming and drying results in greater evaporative demand from plants and the land surface, which exacerbates the drought (McEvoy et al., 2020; Williams et al., 2015). While reductions of annual precipitation are somewhat uncertain, the increase in temperature is baked into the future because of greenhouse gas accumulation in the atmosphere. The strong likelihood of warming continuing through future decades would indicate that enhanced evapotranspiration and landscape drying are quite certain. Because of this, future projections of drought that incorporate the evapotranspiration as well as precipitation project more multi-year droughts relative to projections of drought that only include precipitation (Kalansky et al. 2018; McEvoy et al., 2020). Ecosystems have adapted to the high variability of San Diego’s hydroclimate, but this variability is projected to increase. The recent 2012-2016 drought showed that certain species were more susceptible to multi-year Page 451 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 261 droughts than others (Venturas et al., 2016). Meanwhile, recurrent drying, along with persistent warming since 1999 has pushed the Southwest toward “mega drought” (Williams et al., 2020). Extreme drought has the potential to intensify and change community composition and structure of ecosystems. Drought has severe consequences because it operates at spatial scales larger than other disturbances such as fire (Jennings et al., 2018). Adding to impacts caused by interannual drought, the seasonal drought that is characteristic of the Mediterranean climate is projected to become longer with reduced precipitation in the shoulder seasons, spring, and fall. Such a shift toward a narrower precipitation season would stress some plant communities because spring features the largest increases in biomass for many plants due to the availability of moisture as well as the longer daylight hours (Parker et al., 2016). Thus, the projected spring drying has the potential to limit the growth of plants during their primary growing season. The largest impact of fall drying might likely be the increased occurrence of dry live and dry fuels during the season when Santa Ana winds occur, which would intensify the fall wildfire season. Growing Threats of Wildfire from Warmer Climate and Santa Ana Winds Santa Ana conditions erase the presence of the North Pacific air mass that usually blankets San Diego County. Santa Ana events typically last a few days and often carry strong and gusty winds from east or northeast directions that produce extreme dryness. Santa Ana Winds bring some of the highest winds experienced by many parts of San Diego County. Peaking in early winter, Santa Ana winds originate in the elevated Great Basin as cool air masses and are pushed southwestward by a synoptic pressure gradient creating offshore winds throughout San Diego (Hughes & Hall, 2010). Clear skies are typically associated with Santa Ana wind events as the offshore winds blow air pollution offshore (Aguilera et al., 2020a). Some Santa Anas are quite cool, owing to their origins from cold dry Great Basin air masses, but the majority of Santa Anas are warm. In fact, hot, dry Santa wind events have accounted for many of the extremely warm (99th percentile) days within the September through May period: 90% of the warm extremes in winter, 30% in fall and 40% in spring. These non-summer heatwaves increase hospitalizations for dehydration, renal failure and stroke (McElroy et al., 2020). San Diego’s highest wildfire risk occurs during Santa Ana winds. In recent years, the region suffered some of California’s largest conflagrations, including the September 1970 Laguna fire (175,425 acres burned), the October 2003 Cedar fire (273,246 acres burned) and the October 2007 Witch (197,990 acres burned) and Harris (90,440 acres burned) fires, all fanned by Santa Ana winds. The Santa Ana season typically commences in October, when vegetation is driest. An ignition of parched vegetation under this strong, gusty, dry wind causes wildfires that are extremely difficult if not impossible to control. This explains the timing of the peak of the traditional southern California wildfire season — October — when the Santa Ana season starts and before the first rainstorms of winter. During fires under Santa Ana conditions, air pollution (particulate matter under 2.5 microns - PM2.5) increases throughout San Diego and PM2.5 from wildfire is up to 10 times more harmful than air pollution from other sources (Aguilera et al., 2020b). In addition to the personal safety, infrastructure and public health hazards posed by wildfires, San Diego ecosystems are also sensitive to too frequent fires. A growing risk in a warmer, fire-prone climate is the conversion of woody chaparral and coastal sage shrublands to grasses and other weedy herbaceous vegetation (Syphard et al., 2018), or the conversion from native coniferous forests to shrublands or exotic grasslands (Franklin, 2010). Climate model projections of Santa Ana winds indicate that their activity could decrease in the warmer future. In the second half of the century under a non-reduction of greenhouse gas emission scenario (RCP 8.5) Santa Ana wind frequency is projected to decrease by between 8-20% and winds speeds between 5- 10% relative to a historical period of 1950-1999. Further, the Santa Ana activity is projected to decrease mainly in the shoulder seasons, fall and spring, relative to winter (Guzman-Morales & Gershunov, 2019). The decrease in Santa Ana wind activity in the fall may help mitigate future wildfire risk resulting from drier autumns and more frequent multi-year droughts. Page 452 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 262 On the other hand, projected delays in the wet season (Pierce et al., 2013) would extend the presence of dry vegetation into the December peak of Santa Ana wind activity (Guzman-Morales et al., 2016) which will always see more frequent Santa Ana winds than October ever did (Guzman-Morales & Gershunov, 2019). December fires could occasionally be fanned by back-to-back Santa Ana wind events and have the potential to grow to unprecedented proportions. These were the antecedent conditions that led to the Lilac Fire in San Diego and one of the largest fires in California history, the Thomas Fire, which burned in Ventura and Santa Barbara. The Thomas Fire continued to burn throughout most of December 2017 and into January 2018, when its smoldering remains were finally put out by the first significant rain of the season — an atmospheric river, which caused deadly debris flows. A later start of the wet season is already apparent in the observations, while a decrease in Santa Ana wind activity has not yet emerged from the natural variability (Williams et al., 2019). Moreover, there are hot and cold flavors of the Santa Ana (Gershunov et al. 2021), of which the hot SAWs spread the largest wildfires. Research yet needs to be carried out to understand the possibly differential impact of climate change on the two flavors of SAWs. Variable Marine Layer Clouds Coastal low stratus clouds, also referred to by scientists as Marine Layer Clouds (MLC) or by locals in Southern California as “May gray” and “June gloom,” are a defining and highly variable aspect of coastal California summer climate. MLC in San Diego are common in late spring and early summer when cool moist air near the ocean surface and sinking warm air above cause a temperature inversion which traps low level moisture and creates optimal conditions for these blanketlike stratiform clouds. When present, MLC shield the coast from summertime heat and are an important weather pattern to the coastal ecosystems in San Diego (Jennings et al., 2018) and as important modulators of coastal expressions of summertime heat waves (Clemesha et al., 2018). The stability of the lower atmosphere and ocean temperatures are important in the development of MLC, but there are additional drivers that interact on various spatial and temporal scales (Clemesha et al., 2016, 2017; Schwartz, 2015). Because global climate models are coarse-grid calculations and only poorly resolve the high gradient atmosphere-ocean structure along the California coast, and because the controls that govern the presence of coastal stratus are a balance of competing large and smaller scale processes, MLC appear to be poorly predicted. These factors and interactions need to be better understood to provide credible predictions of any future changes in MLC along San Diego County’s coastal zone under future climate change. Sea-Level Rise, Coastal Storms, and Erosion The coast is an important part of San Diego’s landscape, culture, and economy. It is also one of the more vulnerable landscapes in San Diego as many of its beaches, cliffs, and estuaries are already experiencing erosion and flooding, and these hazards are expected to accelerate in frequency and intensity with climate change. Over the last century sea level has risen about 0.6 ft over much of the Central and Southern California coast. Global sea level provides an important indicator of the state of the warming climate, but regional sea- level rise varies across coastal communities because processes that cause sea-level rise interact differently and vary across coastal regions (Hamlington et al., 2020). Between 1980 and 2000, sea level along San Diego was relatively stable, even decreasing slightly as stronger wind stress gradients over the eastern Pacific suppressed the global rise along North America. Since 2000, sea level has been increasing as the wind systems relaxed once again (Bromirski et al., 2011, 2012; Hamlington et al., 2016). For the San Diego region, sea-level rise models project similar ranges in elevated sea-levels until 2050 (approximately 0.6 to 1.3 feet). In the second half of the century, sea-level rise is expected to accelerate significantly, but there is greater uncertainty as to how extreme this rise will be at the end of the century (0.9 to 4 feet) with the possibility that it is much higher (Griggs et al., 2017). This is Page 453 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 263 related to unknown global greenhouse gas emission reductions and uncertainties about how rapid ocean warming will impact ice sheet melting (Griggs et al., 2017; Kalansky et al., 2018) Given the increased rate of sea level rise, in the near term the greatest impacts from sea level rise are mostly likely to occur during events that combine high tides, El Nino and both locally and distantly generated wind-driven waves. For example, the generally elevated sea levels along the California coast during the super El Nino of 1982-83 were heightened by large winter storms and high waves during high tide periods, causing enormous coastal damage along the San Diego County shoreline (Flick, 1998). The next period of unusually high tides will occur in 2021 from 16.8 and 4.4-year lunar tidal cycles, and will produce peak monthly tides about 0.5 ft higher than years in between cycle peaks (Cayan et al., 2008; Zetler & Flick, 1985). Hazardous coastal storm events are expected to become more severe as global sea level rises. San Diego’s long history of coastal monitoring and research are now being used more to advance our understanding of how extreme events as repetitive stressors are increasing San Diego’s coastal vulnerabilities. Recent improvements in coastal wave forecasting (Crosby et al., 2016, 2017) coupled with enhanced wave runup modeling are improving coastal flood forecasting capabilities for San Diego communities by defining the incident wave conditions and tide levels that result in site-specific flooding (Fiedler et al., 2018, 2020). A long history of coastal monitoring and analysis by San Diego researchers (Ludka et al., 2019) has led to improved wave forecasts, improved understanding of sediment processes, including beach nourishment (addition of sand to the beaches) and cliff erosion, and improved understanding of local estuarine dynamics and ecosystems. Beach processes and sediment budgets are typically characterized within a particular littoral cell, a series of sand sources (such as rivers, streams, and eroding coastal bluffs) that provide sand to the shoreline, sand sinks (such as coastal dunes and submarine canyons) where sand is lost from the shoreline, and alongshore transport that moves sand along the shoreline. Over the years, human activity, such as damming rivers, has limited the amount of sand that enters the littoral cell. For example, 60% (40% dammed and 20% urbanized and not dammed) of the Oceanside Littoral Cell watershed no longer generates beach sand (Young et al., 2010). Beach sand levels and waves have been monitored at selected San Diego beaches for as long as 17 years (Torrey Pines, Imperial Beach, Solana Beach, and Cardiff Beach) including two energetic El Nino winters that showed significant beach degradation (Ludka et al., 2019). These observations have led to a better understanding of seasonal beach sand level changes, areas of chronic erosion (Doria et al., 2016; Yates et al., 2009, 2011) and coastal impacts associated with El Niño events (Barnard et al., 2017; Doria et al., 2016; Ludka et al., 2015, 2016, 2018; Young, 2018). Cliff erosion is a natural coastal process for much of northern San Diego County. In San Diego, between 1998 and 2009 the mean cliff top retreat was 0.46 ft/yr (Young, 2018). San Onofre State Beach is a cliff erosion hot spot in San Diego County due to extensive deep-seated landslide (Adam P Young, 2015). Other areas in north San Diego County, such as Encinitas and Del Mar, have also experienced a number of significant cliff failures in recent years. Researchers are advancing understanding of how wave-cliff impacts and rainfall contribute to both upper and lower coastal cliff erosion providing insight into how increasing sea levels, and storm driven waves and rainfall may further accelerate this erosion (Young et al., 2021) Additionally, beach nourishment, or the addition of sand, is an important part of the sediment supply to beaches throughout the San Diego region, beginning at the end of World War II. SANDAG spent $44 million in 2001 and 2012 on non-opportunistic nourishment by placing 3.5 million cubic yards of sand on beaches throughout the County and north San Diego County has developed a 50-year, $160 million plan for beach nourishment (Diehl, 2015). The impacts of beach nourishment are complex as there are several physical processes that interact to determine the impacts on flooding, erosion, and ecosystems. Successive beach monitoring during the nourishments provides insight into how site-specific sediment transport processes, sand grain size, timing of the nourishment and the intensity and frequency of storm-driven wave energy can affect the success of a nourishment (Ludka et al., 2016, 2018, 2019). Page 454 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 264 Compounding Extreme Events One concern, both historically and in the future is a sequence of hazards, or “compounding extreme events.” For example, the largest fire in California history, the Thomas Fire, and subsequent Montecito debris flows, unleashed from the barren landscape that was burned off by the Thomas Fire, is an example of a devastating sequence of climate related events. The December 2017 Thomas fire burned 281,893 acres occurred several months after a very wet winter (more than 22 inches November through May as an average over the South Coast Climate Division) and immediately following an extremely dry September through November that delivered only about 0.3 inches of precipitation. When a strong Santa Ana wind event occurred in early December, the dry landscape provided the fuel for a devastating wildfire that was fanned by strong and back-to-back Santa Ana Wind events common in December. The conditions allowed the Thomas fire to grow to the largest wildfire in Southern California’s modern history. The first measurable rainfall occurred on January 8. During the storm, high intensity rainfall resulted in devastating post-fire debris flows in Montecito and Carpinteria resulting in 23 deaths, 246 structures destroyed, and 167 damaged. This sequence of devastating events has the potential to become more frequent given the projections of a drier fall, extending the annual seasonal drought into the main Santa Ana season, increasing the likelihood that a strong Santa Ana wind event occurs over a dry landscape that can provide fuel for the fire. Further extreme precipitation is projected to become more extreme, leading to the increased possibility of post-fire debris flows. Other relevant compound co-occurring extremes for the San Diego area include public health impact form waves, wildfires, droughts, extreme precipitation, as well as coastal and inland flooding. A frequent compounder of wildfire and smoke impacts on public health (Aguilera et al. 2020, 2021a, 2021b) is the coastal heat that is often produced by Santa Ana winds (Gershunov et al. 2021), also known to impact health in the fall, winter, and spring (Schwarz et al. 2020). Another possible compounding event that could heighten the potential for increased frequency and severity of impacts in the future is the combination of a storm causing both terrestrial and coastal flooding. As sea level rises, and extreme precipitation becomes more extreme, the combination of coastal and storm water flooding has the potential to have devastating impacts on property, infrastructure, and water quality. Page 455 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Risk Assessment 265 SECTION SIX: Develop a Mitigation Strategy Decorative Image Photo by CAL FIRE San Diego Communications Bureau San Diego County, California 2023 Page 456 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 266 6. SECTION SIX: DEVELOP A MITIGATION STRATEGY After each participating jurisdiction reviewed the Risk Assessment (Section 5), jurisdictional leads met with their individual Local Planning Groups (LPG) to identify appropriate jurisdictional-level goals, objectives, and mitigation action items. This section of the Plan incorporates: 1. Mitigation goals and objectives 2. Mitigation actions/priorities 3. An action plan/implementation strategy The mitigation strategy serves as the long-term blueprint for reducing potential losses identified in the risk assessment. The mitigation strategy describes how the community will accomplish the overall purpose, or mission, of the planning process. The mitigation strategy is made up of three main required components: mitigation goals, mitigation actions, and an action plan for implementation. These provide the framework to identify, prioritize, and implement actions to reduce risk to hazards. Mitigation goals are general guidelines that explain what the community wants to achieve with the plan They are usually broad policy-type statements that are long-term, and they represent visions for reducing or avoiding losses from the identified hazards Mitigation actions are specific projects and activities that help achieve the goals. The action plan describes how the mitigation actions will be implemented, including how those actions will be prioritized, administered, and incorporated into the community’s existing planning mechanisms. In a multi-jurisdictional plan, each jurisdiction must have an action plan specific to that jurisdiction and its vulnerabilities. Although not required, some communities choose to develop objectives to help define or organize mitigation actions. Objectives are broader than specific actions, but are measurable, unlike goals. Objectives connect goals with the actual mitigation actions. Each jurisdiction reviewed hazard profile and loss estimation information presented in Section 5 and used this as a basis for developing mitigation goals and objectives. Other important inputs to the development of jurisdiction-level goals and objectives include performing reviews of existing local plans, policy documents, and regulations for consistency and complementary goals, as well as soliciting input from the public. 6.1. MITIGATION ACTION EVALUATION Mitigation actions that address the goals and objectives developed in the previous step were identified, evaluated, and prioritized. These actions form the core of the mitigation plan. Jurisdictions conducted a capabilities assessment, reviewed and incorporated existing local plans, policies, and regulations for any other capabilities relevant to hazard mitigation planning. An analysis of their capability to carry out these implementation measures regarding hazard and loss prevention was conducted. The capabilities assessment required an inventory of each jurisdiction’s legal, administrative, fiscal, and technical capacities to support hazard mitigation planning. Page 457 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 267 After completion of the capabilities assessment, each jurisdiction evaluated and prioritized their proposed mitigations. As part of this process, each jurisdiction reviewed the actions detailed in the 2018 plan to see if they were completed, had been dropped due to issues such as lack of political support or lack of funding, or were on-going and should be continued in the new plan. The status of each jurisdiction’s action items is detailed in Section 7 of this Plan and jurisdiction-specific Annexes, if applicable. In all cases, the mitigation actions selected are prioritized based on the benefit of the action compared to the cost (in terms of funding, staff time, time to complete) of conducting that action. Also considered were cost-benefit reviews, changes in development, safe growth audits, mitigation efforts, mitigation potential improvement, and current/updated priorities. Each participant used their local planning group to evaluate alternative mitigation actions by considering the implications of each action item. One potential method available to the cities to accomplish this was the STAPLEE method. The STAPLEE criteria is a tool used to assist communities in deciding which actions to include in their implementation strategy. The table below shows the evaluation and prioritization of each mitigation action being considered by the Planning Team. For each action, evaluate the potential benefits and/or likelihood of successful implementation for the criteria defined below. Rank each of the criteria with a -1, 0 or 1 using the following scale: • 1 = Highly effective or feasible • 0 = Neutral • -1 = Ineffective or not feasible STAPLEE Evaluation Criteria: • Life Safety – How effective will the action be at protecting lives and preventing injuries? • Property Protection – How significant will the action be at eliminating or reducing damage to structures and infrastructure? • Technical – Is the mitigation action technically feasible? Is it a long-term solution? Eliminate actions that, from a technical standpoint, will not meet the goals. • Political – Is there overall public support for the mitigation action? Is there the political will to support it? • Legal – Does the community have the authority to implement the action? • Environmental – What are the potential environmental impacts of the action? Will it comply with environmental regulations? • Social – Will the proposed action adversely affect one segment of the population? Will the action disrupt established neighborhoods, break up voting districts, or cause the relocation of lower income people? • Administrative – Does the community have the personnel and administrative capabilities to implement the action and maintain it or will outside help be necessary? • Local Champion – Is there a strong advocate for the action or project among local departments and agencies that will support the action’s implementation? • Other Community Objectives – Does the action advance other community objectives, such as capital improvements, economic development, environmental quality, or open space preservation? Does it support the policies of the comprehensive plan? Page 458 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 268 Letters preceding Mitigation Action titles correspond with Section 6.2’s “Prioritized Actions” sections. TABLE 70: MITIGATION ACTIONS Mitigation Action Life Safety Property Protection Technical Political Legal Environ mental Social Admini strative Local Champio n Other Community Objectives Total Score Local Plans and Regulations D. Climate Change Planning - - - - - - - - - - Not rated G. Building Codes - - - - - - - - - - Not rated H. Hazard Mitigation Action Adoption 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 I. MSCP Open Space Acquisitions Efforts 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 K. Agricultural/Live stock Pass Program: - - - - - - - - - - Not rated L. Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan (OA EOP)/Associated Annexes, Regional Emergency Plans, Concept of Operations (ConOps), Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), Emergency Operations Center (EOC) Planning/Training, Work Plans and Charters - - - - - - - - - - Not rated M. Excessive Heat Awareness Promotion, Resilience, Adaptation and Mitigation 1 - - - - - - - - - 1 N. Regional Planning Efforts - - - - - - - - - - Not rated Page 459 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 269 Mitigation Action Life Safety Property Protection Technical Political Legal Environ mental Social Admini strative Local Champio n Other Community Objectives Total Score Structure and Infrastructure Projects A. Limit Development in Floodplains and Other Hazardous Areas 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 E. Expansion of Automatic Local Evaluation in Real- Time (ALERT) to Vulnerable and Underserved Communities: - - - - - - - - - - Not rated F. Community Rating System (CRS) Implementation and Improvement - - - - - - - - - - Not rated Natural Systems Protection B. Forest Management 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 C. Invasive and Noxious Weed Control (Vegetation Management) - - - - - - - - - - Not rated J. Wetland Protection and Restoration Efforts 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 Education and Awareness Programs M. Excessive Heat Awareness Promotion, Resilience, Adaptation and Mitigation: 1 - - - - - - - - - 1 O. Training and Exercises - - - - - - - - - - Not rated P. Public Education and Outreach Programs: - - - - - - - - - - Not rated Q. Sustainable Department Goals 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 R. Three-Day Preparedness Kits - - - - - - - - - - Not rated Page 460 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 270 S. San Diego County Fire Community Emergency Response Team’s Community Emergency Preparedness Outreach Program - - - - - - - - - - Not rated T. Free Residential Knox Box Program - - - - - - - - - - Not rated U. Free Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) Classes/Training for Communities - - - - - - - - - - Not rated V. The California Wildfire Mitigation Program - Home- Hardening Initiative - - - - - - - - - - Not rated W. Support Symposiums - - - - - - - - - - Not rated Mitigation Actions marked as “Not rated” in the table above are often considered existing County/Department priorities. 6.2. MITIGATION GOALS, OBJECTIVES, AND ACTIONS IMPLEMENTATION This version of the Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan was revised over the past five years to reflect changes in development, progress in local mitigation efforts, and changes in priorities. Generally, hazard priorities remained unchanged, though some hazards’ (such as Climate Change, Drought, and Extreme Heat) prevalence and/or probability of occurrence increased and, therefore, needed an updated Vulnerability Assessment. All Hazard Profiles were researched for more modern content, data, and details. This plan’s Goals, Objectives, and Actions were updated from the last version to reflect current priorities within existing plans such as the County Strategic Plan/Initiatives and the County General Plan’s Safety Element. Local Mitigation Planning Groups (LMPGs) are comprised of individuals from various departments bringing their experience and knowledge of the region, the jurisdiction, and local constraints to assist in the evaluation of the hazards and the development of mitigations strategies, goals, objectives, and actions. Individual local planning group membership and decisions are discussed in each jurisdictions’ annex. There were four goals established by the County of San Diego’s LMPG. They are listed in order of importance and do not differ significantly from 2018 goals. Instead, these updated goals reflect consolidated versions of 2018 repetitive sentences and were rewritten to use FEMA and existing County/Regional plans’ terminology. Once developed, County staff Page 461 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 271 submitted the plan to Governor’s Office of Emergency Services and FEMA for approval. Once approved, the Plan will be submitted to the Unified Disaster Council, then to the San Diego County Board of Supervisors for adoption. The goals and objectives were developed by considering the risk assessment findings, localized hazard identification and loss/exposure estimates, and an analysis of the jurisdiction’s current capabilities assessment. These preliminary goals, objectives, and actions were developed to represent a vision of long-term hazard reduction or enhancement of capabilities. To help further development of these goals and objectives, the LMPG compiled and reviewed current jurisdictional sources including the County’s planning documents, codes, and ordinances. In addition, County representatives met with County OES to specifically discuss these hazard-related goals, objectives, and actions as they related to the plan. For each goal, one or more objectives were identified that provide strategies to attain the goal. Where appropriate, the County has identified a range of specific actions to achieve the objective and goal. A mitigation action is a specific action, project, activity, or process taken to reduce or eliminate long-term risk to people and property from hazards and their impacts. Implementing mitigation actions helps achieve the plan’s mission and goals. The actions to reduce vulnerability to threats and hazards form the core of the plan and are a key outcome of the planning process. Mitigation actions that will provide the most benefits in the least amount of time with available resources were selected as the highest priorities. This does not mean other actions are not considered important. It merely indicates that the LMPG set out to complete actions with current resources. The other actions will be completed as additional resources become available. Below is a broad, general list of the County of San Diego’s hazard-related Goals, Objectives, and Actions as prepared by the LMPG, and in conjunction with the Hazard Mitigation Planning Group (HMPG), locally elected officials, and the public. The County of San Diego developed the broad list of Goals, Objectives, and Actions to assist in the implementation and achieving of the four identified hazard mitigation goals. For each Goal and Objective, specific Actions were developed that would foster implementation. A smaller list of prioritized actions, and discussion of the prioritization and implementation of the action items is provided in Section 6.1. of this plan. That smaller list of Prioritized Actions will require progress reports during the next plan update. “Grants and Local funds,” “Potential Grant Funding,” “Grants,” “FEMA HMA Grants,” and “State Grant Funding” named in the Base Plan and within the Annexes refers to FEMA funding available through the Hazard Mitigation Assistance (HMA) grant programs: the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP); the Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities (BRIC) Program; and the Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) Program. Page 462 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 272 GOAL 1 FOSTER SAFE, SUSTAINABLE, AND THRIVING ENVIRONMENTS. Objective 1 Promote hazard-resistant future developments and enhance operational resources. GOAL 2 REDUCE THE POSSIBILITY OF DAMAGES AND LOSSES TO EXISTING ASSETS (SUCH AS PEOPLE, CRITICAL FACILITIES/INFRASTRUCTURES, AND COUNTY-OWNED FACILITIES). Objective 2 Develop and/or enhance comprehensive all hazard mitigation policies, plans, technologies, and services. GOAL 3 ENHANCE LOCAL CAPACITY AND COMMITMENT TO BECOME LESS VULNERABLE TO ALL HAZARDS. Objective 3 Strengthen all hazard mitigation coordination and communication with local, state, tribal and federal governments/partners. GOAL 4 PROMOTE REGIONAL CULTURE OF HAZARD UNDERSTANDING, SUPPORT, AND PREPAREDNESS. Objective 4 Provide accessible and inclusive education, training, and resources to prepare the whole community for natural and human-caused hazards. The County of San Diego developed the following broad list of objectives and actions to assist in the implementation and achieving of the four identified hazard mitigation goals. For each objective, specific actions were developed that would foster implementation. A discussion of the prioritization and implementation of the action items is provided in Section 6.1.: Page 463 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 273 TABLE 71: HAZARD MITIGATION GOALS, OBJECTIVES, AND ACTIONS Goal 1: Foster safe, sustainable, and thriving environments. Objective 1 Promote hazard-resistant future developments and enhance operational resources. Action 1. A. Facilitate the review, development, adoption, updating, and consistent enforcement of general plans, zoning ordinances and building codes by: • Strengthening existing development regulations to discourage land uses and activities that create or worsen hazards • planning and zoning for open space, recreational agricultural or other low intensity uses within floodway fringes • reviewing and revising, as necessary, sediment and erosion control regulations • ensuring newly constructed and existing critical facilities are designed to function after a major earthquake • updating building codes to reflect current earthquake standards • updating the County Consolidated Fire Code as necessary • updating the General Plan and zoning regulations to reflect hazardous areas using development patterns that should respect environmental characteristics and are harmonious with existing topography • developing model Weed Abatement and Fuel Modification ordinances • continuing to protect and restore wetlands by revising development ordinances, incorporating, and maintaining valuable wetlands in open space preservation programs to mitigate effects of development on wetland areas • staffing enforcement personnel to ensure compliance • supporting coordinated permitting activities processes through developing and coordinating permits for all agencies, developing notification procedures for all permits that support affected agencies, continuing to streamline policies to eliminate conflicts and duplication of efforts and continuing to exchange resources and work with local/regional partners • continuing to utilize multi-agency permitting and enforcement team • continuing to enforce trespassing regulations in high-risk areas • continuing forest and open space management efforts Action 1. B. Protect existing assets and limit future development in hazardous areas by: • continuing to identify high hazard areas, identify hazard-prone structures/assets, inventory wildlife vegetative communities by type and vegetation age class, and develop/update data sets necessary to test hazard scenarios and mitigation tools using GIS (Geographic Information Systems) • managing wildland vegetative communities to promote less hazardous conditions through defining target class ranges, developing partnerships within communities to fix age class ranges, and promoting cooperative vegetation management programs that incorporate hazard mitigation • continuing to construct barriers around hazard-prone structures • continuing to assess countywide utility infrastructures with regard to earthquake risk • continuing to review and compare existing flood control standards, zoning and building requirements • acquiring properties, when feasible, on floodway to prevent development • encouraging and conducting structural retrofitting to strengthen resistance to damage • encouraging clustering • continuing to gain public acceptance for avoidance policies in high-hazard areas • adopting policies that discourage growth in flood-prone areas • assuring adequate funding to restore damaged facilities to 100-year flood design Page 464 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 274 • updating storm water system plans and improving storm water facilities in high- risk areas • limiting development in areas of known geologic hazards • creating demand for hazard-resistant construction and site planning • increasing public understanding, support, and demand for new developments’ hazard mitigation • supporting transfer of development rights in hazard-prone areas. To protect lives and property, development in floodplains shall be appropriate and limited, and high fire hazard areas shall have adequate access for emergency vehicles. Responsible Department(s) • Fire • Land Use & Environment Group • Department of Public Works • Planning & Development Services • Parks & Recreation • Office of Emergency Services • Department of Agriculture, Weights & Measures Prioritized Actions A. Limit Development in Floodplains and Other Hazardous Areas: County Department of Public Works will continue to limit development of park structures and facilities in floodplains and other hazardous areas. B. Forest Management: County Parks & Recreation will continue to conduct brush and vegetation management in preserves to reduce fire and flooding risks. C. Invasive and Noxious Weed Control (Vegetation Management): The County Department of Agriculture, Weights & Measures will continue to promote cooperative vegetation management programs that promote hazard mitigation will be critical in continue to mitigate wildfire risks from vegetation. D. Climate Change Planning: The County Department of Public Works’ Flood Control District will lead efforts related to downscale modeling, stress testing Flood Control facilities during higher flows, updating County Special Drainage Area (SDA) Master Plans, update of County Hydrology Manual and Hydraulic Design Manual to account for climate change impacts. E. Expansion of Automatic Local Evaluation in Real-Time (ALERT) to Vulnerable and Underserved Communities: The County Department of Public Works’ Flood Control District will lead these efforts. F. Community Rating System (CRS) Implementation and Improvement: The County Department of Public Works’ Flood Control District will lead these efforts. G. Building Codes: County Planning & Development Services (PDS: Building Division) will review building codes to reflect current earthquake, fire, and wind standards annually and adopt as necessary to ensure structures are built to withstand hazard events. County staff will attend conferences and industry meetings to better understand changes to codes and after-event support efforts. H. Hazard Mitigation Action Adoption: County Planning & Development Services (PDS), County Fire, County Technology Office (CTO), County Communications Office (CCO) and County Office of Emergency Services (OES) will publicize and encourage the adoption of appropriate hazard mitigation actions throughout the region. I. MSCP Open Space Acquisitions Efforts: County Department of Parks & Recreation will continue open space acquisition efforts, such as purchasing land that could be preserved/protect natural resources and undeveloped land in high hazard areas. J. Wetland Protection and Restoration Efforts: The County Department of Parks & Recreation will continue wetland protection and restoration efforts. K. Agricultural/Livestock Pass Program: The County Department of Agriculture, Weights & Measures will help the County of San Diego establish a county-based program that grants agriculturalists special access to their farms or ranches during disaster. Page 465 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 275 Potential Funding Source(s) General Fund, federal and/or state grants Timeline January 2023 – January 2028 Goal 2: Reduce the possibility of damages and losses to existing assets (such as people, critical facilities/infrastructures and County-owned facilities). Objective 2 Develop and/or enhance comprehensive all hazard mitigation policies, plans, technologies, and services. Action 2.A. Protect existing assets with the highest relative vulnerability to hazard effects by: • protecting vulnerable populations from the effects of hazards • identifying projects related to all hazards for pre-disaster mitigation funding • including safety considerations in the planning and decision-making process by establishing policies related to future development that will minimize the risk of personal injury, loss of life, property damage, and environmental damage associated with natural and human-caused hazards. Action 2.B. Create, update and/or improve existing hazard/hazard mitigation policies, Concept of Operations (ConOps), Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), plans, projects, technologies, and services with partners related, but not limited, to: • Avalanche • Dam Failure o by updating dam inundation plans every ten years, at minimum o by coordinating with partners and supporting existing efforts to mitigate dam failures (e.g., U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and California Department of Water Resources) • Drought o by encouraging the public to adopt drought tolerant landscaping or xeriscape practices o by promoting use of reclaimed water for all landscaping efforts, where available and feasible. o support groundwater recycling efforts • Earthquake o by continuing to study ground motion, landslide ad liquefaction o by continuing to implement an ongoing seismic risk assessment program o by developing and implementing an incentive program for seismic retrofits o by studying ground motion, landslide and liquefaction • Erosion o by continuing to coordinate with coastal cities to develop comprehensive plans • Expansive Soils • Extreme Cold • Extreme Heat o by supporting regional efforts to prepare for excessive heat events, participating in “Excessive Heat Emergency Awareness” events and exercising heat emergency plans as established by the County Health & Human Services Agency (HHSA), Aging & Independence Services (AIS), Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and Public Health Services (PHS) o by continuing to provide “Cool Zones” during excessive heat events • Flood o by developing a flood control strategy that ensures coordination with local, state, and federal agencies/partners o by minimize repetitive losses caused by flooding o by increasing participation and improving compliance with the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) Page 466 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 276 • Hail • Hurricane • Landslide o by studying and improving storm drains for landslide-prone areas • Lightning • Sea Level Rise • Severe Wind • Severe Winter Weather • Subsidence • Tornado • Tsunami o coordinate with coastal cities to develop comprehensive plans • Wildfire/Structure Fire o by coordinating and supporting existing and new efforts to mitigate structural and vegetation fires o by continuing to develop partnerships for a countywide vegetation management program o by enforcing Defensible Space Clearance distances o by working with community-based groups to pilot chipping programs o by continuing to research options to provide low-cost insurance to cover landowners who allow prescribed burning on their lands o by establishing and continuing wildland fire technical working group o by continuing to develop partnerships for a countywide vegetation management program o by reporting annually to the Board of Supervisors on the progress of fire mitigation strategies • Climate Change o by raising awareness of the climate change links to public health o by reducing the public health impacts of climate change o by mitigating potential hazards caused by climate related events • Terrorism / Cyber Terrorism o Attachment A contains Terrorism/Cyber Terrorism Goals, Objectives, and Actions, is categorized as For Official Use Only, and is only available to official partners. • Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, Explosion (CBRNE) Threats o Attachment A contains Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, Explosion (CBRNE) threats’ goals, objectives, and actions, is categorized as For Official Use Only, and is only available to official partners. • Pandemic Disease Responsible Department(s) • Sheriff’s Department • Fire • Public Safety Group • Office of Emergency Services • Department of Public Works • Planning & Development Services • Land Use and Environmental Group/GIS • Health & Human Services Agency • Emergency Medical Services • Public Health Preparedness & Response • Public Health Services • Department of Environmental Health & Quality/ Hazardous Incident Response Team Prioritized Actions L. Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan (OA EOP)/Associated Annexes, Regional Emergency Plans, Concept of Operations (ConOps), Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), Emergency Operations Center (EOC) Planning/Training, Work Plans and Charters, and Safety Element (of the County Page 467 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 277 General Plan): The County Office of Emergency Services (OES) will work with the eighteen incorporated cities and participating county departments, special districts and partners to revise, update and complete these plans, projects, technologies and services annually and/or as needed. M. Excessive Heat Awareness Promotion, Resilience, Adaptation and Mitigation: The County of San Diego, Public Health Services and the Health & Human Services Agency are undertaking initiatives over the next several years to raise awareness around excessive heat and climate change. Potential Funding Source(s) General Fund, federal and/or state grants Timeline January 2023 - January 2028 Goal 3: Enhance local capacity and commitment to become less vulnerable to all hazards. Objective 3 Strengthen all hazard mitigation coordination and communication with local, state, tribal and federal governments/partners. Action 3.A. Increase awareness and knowledge of hazard mitigation principles and practice among partners by: • continuously demonstrating the importance of pre-disaster mitigation planning to the Board of Supervisors and other public officials • conducting meetings with key elected officials to determine local issues and concerns • leveraging the County Communications Office/County News Center and the Partner Relay to promote mitigation actions Action 3.B. Encourage other partners/organizations to incorporate hazard mitigation activities by: • continuing to streamline policies to eliminate conflicts and duplication of efforts • continuing to encourage tribal governments to become part of the Hazardous Incident Response Team (HIRT) Joint Powers Agreement (JPA). Action 3.C. Establish, maintain, and improve close and lasting working relationships with partners by: • supporting the County Fire Safe Council • continuing and maintaining multi-jurisdictional/multi-functional training and exercises to enhance hazard mitigation • leveraging resources and expertise that will further hazard mitigation efforts • inviting/encouraging participation of tribal governments and special districts in Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan updates. Action 3.D. Improve the County’s capability and efficiency at administering pre- and post-disaster mitigation by: • collaborating with partners to identify, prioritize and implement mitigation actions • continuing to establish a requirement that all hazard mitigation projects submitted to the State must be reviewed by the County • continuing to improve coordination with the State Hazard Mitigation Department about local issues • maintaining consistency with the State in administering recovery programs Page 468 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 278 • coordinating recovery activities while restoring and maintaining public services through maintenance of two damage assessment teams and their activation/reporting procedures. Responsible Department(s) • Fire • Office of Emergency Services • Public Safety Group • Department of Environmental Health & Quality/Hazardous Incident Response Team Prioritized Actions N. Regional Planning Efforts: The County Office of Emergency Services (OES) and participating County departments will streamline policies to eliminate conflicts and duplication of efforts in regional planning efforts (i.e. Hazard Mitigation Plan updates, etc.) by coordinating emergency management activities with regional stakeholders and facilitating meetings on a regular basis with regional emergency managers/the eighteen incorporated cities, healthcare agencies, campus emergency managers, Department of Defense (DOD)/local military partners, Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster (VOAD) and faith-based partners. O. Training and Exercises: The County Office of Emergency Services (OES) and participating county departments will collaborate with the eighteen inco rporated cities and private sector agencies to maintain multi -jurisdictional/multi-functional training and annual exercises. Potential Funding Source(s) General Fund, federal and/or state grants Timeline January 2023 - January 2028 Goal 4: Promote regional culture of hazard understanding, support, and preparedness. Objective 4 Provide accessible and inclusive education, training, and resources to prepare the whole community for natural and human-caused hazards. Action 4.A. Improve the County’s ability to manage pre- and post-disaster scenarios and respond effectively during an event by: • attracting, recruiting, and retaining qualified, professional, and experienced staff • training staff for appropriate positions/assignments within the Operational Area Emergency Operations Center (OA EOC). Action 4.B. Increase and improve public education and awareness of hazards and mitigation action opportunities using a whole community approach by: • continuing to identify hazard-specific issues and needs and identifying communities that have recurring losses • publicizing and encouraging the adoption of appropriate hazard mitigation actions • providing hazard information on County websites and leveraging the County Communications Office/County News Center • continuing to encourage the public to prepare and maintain a three-day preparedness kit for home and work • promoting the County’s “Know Your Hazards” and “SD Emergency” applications. • coordinating production of brochures, informational packets, and other handouts • delivering presentations as requested/needed • implementing hazard awareness program Page 469 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 279 • improving hazard warnings and response planning • implementing public education program to address fire dangers and corrective measures • continuing to develop, plan and publish evacuation procedures to the public • continuing to participate in community awareness meetings • continuing to collaborate with local, state and federal agencies’ on mapping efforts • continuing to support public and private sector symposiums • developing and maintaining hazard mitigation partnerships with the media. Action 4.C. Monitor and publicize the effectiveness of hazard mitigation actions implemented countywide by: • continuing to use County websites to publicize mitigation actions • continuing to establish budgets and identifying funding resources for mitigation outreach • continuing to determine mitigation messages to convey and create marketing campaigns • continuing to develop and distribute hazard brochures, CDs and other publications. Action 4.D. Promote hazard mitigation in the business community by: • increasing knowledge and awareness of hazard mitigation principles and practices • encouraging and empowering businesses to identify and address hazard- specific issues and needs • encouraging businesses to develop and implement hazard mitigation actions. Responsible Department(s) • Office of Emergency Services • Public Safety Group • Fire Prioritized Actions P. Public Education and Outreach Programs: The County Office of Emergency Services (OES) and County Communication Office (CCO) will develop and maintain hazard mitigation-related public education and outreach programs (i.e. annual defensible space education/outreach, terrorism prevention, erosion control, etc.) Q. Sustainable Department Goals: The County Office of Emergency Services (OES) will continue to research ways to sustainably retain a trained workforce, particularly related to Emergency Operations Center positions. County OES will also continue to research economically sustainable efforts, technologies, equipment, vehicles, and other necessities to reduce the department’s carbon footprint. R. Three-Day Preparedness Kits: The County Office of Emergency Services (OES), County Communications Office (CCO), and the County Technology Office (CTO) will encourage the public to prepare and maintain a three-day preparedness kit for home and work through outreach events, social media, paid media and earned media. S. San Diego County Fire Community Emergency Response Team’s Community Emergency Preparedness Outreach Program: Utilize County Fire’s Community Emergency Response Team (trained and background checked volunteers) to conduct in-person outreach training, events and activities bringing emergency preparedness information to underserved populations in their rural communities. T. Free Residential Knox Box Program: County Fire will integrate the Knox Box Program through outreach efforts with CAL FIRE, participating County departments, Fire Safe Council of San Diego County, and other various stakeholders. U. Free Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) Classes/Training for Communities: County Fire can integrate with partner agencies to offer the WUI course throughout San Page 470 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 280 Diego County. Participating agencies could include CAL FIRE, Bureau of Land Management, US Forest Service, and local Fire Safe Councils. V. The California Wildfire Mitigation Program - Home-Hardening Initiative: County Fire is currently working with the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services to pilot the California Wildfire Mitigation Program (CWMP) Home-Hardening Initiative. The CWMP Home Hardening Initiative aims to perform defensible space and retrofit measures on existing residential homesites to mitigate against wildfire losses. This program targets high social-vulnerability communities and provides financial assistance to qualifying low-and moderate-income (LMI) households. This pilot program will be implemented in three high-risk areas within San Diego County: Dulzura, Potrero, and Campo. W. Support Symposiums: The County Office of Emergency Services (OES) and participating county departments will collaborate with the eighteen incorporated cities and the private sector to support public and private sector hazard mitigation planning symposiums. Potential Funding Source(s) General Fund, federal and/or state grants Timeline January 2023 - January 2028 Once the comprehensive list of jurisdictional goals, objectives, and action items listed above was developed, the proposed mitigation actions were prioritized using FEMA’s STAPLEE criteria. This step resulted in a list of acceptable and realistic actions that address the hazards identified in each jurisdiction. This prioritized list of action items was formed by the LPG. The Prioritized Actions below reflect progress in local mitigation efforts as well as changes in development. The Disaster Mitigation Acti on of 2000 (at 44 CFR Parts 201 and 206) requires the development of an action plan that not only includes prioritized actions but one that includes information on how the prioritized actions will be implemented. Implementation consists of identifying who is responsible for which action, what kind of funding mechanisms and other resources are available or will be pursued, and when the action will be completed. The top 23 Prioritized Actions, as well as an implementation strategy for each (i.e., will need a progress report during the next plan update cycle, according to current FEMA requirements), are: A. Prioritized Action: Limit Development in Floodplains and Other Hazardous Areas: County Department of Public Works will continue to limit development of park structures and facilities in floodplains and other hazardous areas. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Department of Public Works • Potential Funding Source: Flood Control District Fund, General Fund, grants • Implementation Timeline: Current- 2028 • Hazard(s) Addressed: Flood B. Prioritized Action: Forest Management: County Parks & Recreation will continue to conduct brush and vegetation management in preserves to reduce fire and flooding risks. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Department of Parks & Recreation • Potential Funding Source: General Fund and grants • Implementation Timeline: Current- 2028 Page 471 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 281 • Hazard(s) Addressed: Wildfire/Structure Fire, Flood C. Prioritized Action: Invasive and Noxious Weed Control (Vegetation Management): The County Department of Agriculture, Weights & Measures will continue to promote cooperative vegetation management programs that promote hazard mitigation will be critical in continue to mitigate wildfire risks from vegetation. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Department of Agriculture, Weights & Measures • Potential Funding Source: Current cost is funded with California Department of Food and Agriculture invasive weed grants, and internal agreements with DPR and DPW • Implementation Timeline: Current- 2028 • Hazard(s) Addressed: Wildfire/Structure Fire, Flood D. Prioritized Action: Climate Change Planning: The County Department of Public Works’ Flood Control District will lead efforts related to downscale modeling, stress testing Flood Control facilities during higher flows, updating County Special Drainage Area (SDA) Master Plans, update of County Hydrology Manual and Hydraulic Design Manual to account for climate change impacts. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Department of Public Works’ Flood Control District • Potential Funding Source: Grants and local funds • Implementation Timeline: 2023-2028 • Hazard(s) Addressed: Climate Change, Flood, Rain-Induced Landslide, Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms/Erosion E. Prioritized Action: Expansion of Automatic Local Evaluation in Real-Time (ALERT) to Vulnerable and Underserved Communities: The County Department of Public Works’ Flood Control District will lead these efforts. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Department of Public Works’ Flood Control District • Potential Funding Source: Grants and local funds • Implementation Timeline: 2023-2028 • Hazard(s) Addressed: Flood, Dam Failure F. Prioritized Action: Community Rating System (CRS) Implementation and Improvement: The County Department of Public Works’ Flood Control District will lead these efforts. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Department of Public Works’ Flood Control District • Potential Funding Source: Grants and local funds • Implementation Timeline: 2023-2028 • Hazard(s) Addressed: Flood G. Prioritized Action: Building Codes: County Planning & Development Services (PDS: Building Division) will review building codes to reflect current earthquake, fire, and wind standards annually and adopt as necessary to ensure structures are built to withstand hazard events. County staff will attend conferences and industry meetings to better understand changes to codes and after-event support efforts. Page 472 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 282 • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Planning & Development Services (Building Division) • Potential Funding Source: Unknown, potential future grants • Implementation Timeline: Annually • Hazard(s) Addressed: Wildfire/Structure Fire, Flood, Earthquake/Liquefaction H. Prioritized Action: Hazard Mitigation Action Adoption: County Planning & Development Services (PDS), County Fire, County Technology Office (CTO), County Communications Office (CCO) and County Office of Emergency Services (OES) will publicize and encourage the adoption of appropriate hazard mitigation actions throughout the region. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Planning & Development Services (PDS), County Fire, County Technology Office (CTO), County Communications Office (CCO) and County Office of Emergency Services (OES) • Potential Funding Source: General Fund, federal and/or state grants • Implementation Timeline: 2023-2028 • Hazard(s) Addressed: All Hazards including, but not limited to, Climate Change, Dam Failure, Drought, Earthquake/Liquefaction, Extreme Heat, Flood, Human-Caused Hazards (Terrorism & Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE threats)), Rain-Induced Landslide, Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms/Erosion, Tsunami, Wildfire/Structure Fire I. Prioritized Action: MSCP Open Space Acquisitions Efforts: County Department of Parks & Recreation will continue open space acquisition efforts, such as purchasing land that could be preserved/protect natural resources and undeveloped land in high hazard areas. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Department of Parks & Recreation • Potential Funding Source: General Fund, grants, endowments, etc. • Implementation Timeline: Each Fiscal Year • Hazard(s) Addressed: All Hazards including, but not limited to, Climate Change, Dam Failure, Drought, Earthquake/Liquefaction, Extreme Heat, Flood, Human-Caused Hazards (Terrorism & Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE threats)), Rain-Induced Landslide, Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms/Erosion, Tsunami, Wildfire/Structure Fire J. Prioritized Action: Wetland Protection and Restoration Efforts: The County Department of Parks & Recreation will continue wetland protection and restoration efforts. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Department of Parks & Recreation • Potential Funding Source: General Fund and grants • Implementation Timeline: Current-2028 • Hazard(s) Addressed: Climate Change, Drought, Extreme Heat, Flood, Human- Caused Hazards (Terrorism & Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE threats)), Tsunami K. Prioritized Action: Agricultural/Livestock Pass Program: The County Department of Agriculture, Weights & Measures will help the County of San Diego establish a county- based program that grants agriculturalists special access to their farms or ranches during disaster. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Department of Agriculture, Weights & Measures • Potential Funding Source: General Fund, Potential future grants Page 473 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 283 • Implementation Timeline: Feasibility Analysis 3/2022-6/2022, Program Development 7/2022-12/2022, and Program Implementation 1/2023 • Hazard(s) Addressed: All Hazards including, but not limited to, Climate Change, Dam Failure, Drought, Earthquake/Liquefaction, Extreme Heat, Flood, Human-Caused Hazards (Terrorism & Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE threats)), Rain-Induced Landslide, Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms/Erosion, Tsunami, Wildfire/Structure Fire L. Prioritized Action: Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan (OA EOP)/Associated Annexes, Regional Emergency Plans, Concept of Operations (ConOps), Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), Emergency Operations Center (EOC) Planning/Training, Work Plans and Charters, and Safety Element (of the County General Plan): The County Office of Emergency Services (OES) will work with the eighteen incorporated cities and participating county departments, special districts and partners to revise, update and complete these plans, projects, technologies and services annually and/or as needed. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Office of Emergency Services and Planning & Development Services (for the Safety Element of the County General Plan) • Potential Funding Source: General Fund, federal and/or state grants • Implementation Timeline: 2023-2028 • Hazard(s) Addressed: All Hazards including, but not limited to, Climate Change, Severe Winter Weather, Dam Failure, Drought, Earthquake/Liquefaction, Extreme Heat, Flood, Human-Caused Hazards (Terrorism & Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE threats)), Rain-Induced Landslide, Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms/Erosion, Tsunami, Wildfire/Structure Fire M. Prioritized Action: Excessive Heat Awareness Promotion, Resilience, Adaptation and Mitigation: The County of San Diego, Public Health Services and the Health & Human Services Agency are undertaking initiatives over the next several years to raise awareness around excessive heat and climate change. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County of San Diego, Public Health Services, and the Health & Human Services Agency • Potential Funding Source: To be determined • Implementation Timeline: 2-5 years based on timeline for implementation • Hazard(s) Addressed: Climate Change, Extreme Heat, Drought N. Prioritized Action: Regional Planning Efforts: The County Office of Emergency Services (OES) and participating County departments will streamline policies to eliminate conflicts and duplication of efforts in regional planning efforts (i.e. Hazard Mitigation Plan updates, etc.) by coordinating emergency management activities with regional stakeholders and facilitating meetings on a regular basis with regional emergency managers/the eighteen incorporated cities, healthcare agencies, campus emergency managers, Department of Defense (DOD)/local military partners, Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster (VOAD) and faith-based partners. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Office of Emergency Services and participating County departments • Potential Funding Source: General Fund, federal and/or state grants • Implementation Timeline: 2023-2028 Page 474 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 284 • Hazard(s) Addressed: All Hazards including, but not limited to, Climate Change, Dam Failure, Drought, Earthquake/Liquefaction, Extreme Heat, Flood, Human-Caused Hazards (Terrorism & Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE threats)), Rain-Induced Landslide, Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms/Erosion, Tsunami, Wildfire/Structure Fire O. Prioritized Action: Training and Exercises: The County Office of Emergency Services (OES) and participating county departments will collaborate with the eighteen incorporated cities and private sector agencies to maintain multi-jurisdictional/multi-functional training and annual exercises. • Coordinating Individual/Department: The County Office of Emergency Services and participating county departments • Potential Funding Source: General Fund, federal and/or state grants • Implementation Timeline: 2023-2028 • Hazard(s) Addressed: All Hazards including, but not limited to, Climate Change, Dam Failure, Drought, Earthquake/Liquefaction, Extreme Heat, Flood, Human-Caused Hazards (Terrorism & Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE threats)), Rain-Induced Landslide, Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms/Erosion, Tsunami, Wildfire/Structure Fire P. Prioritized Action: Public Education and Outreach Programs: The County Office of Emergency Services (OES) and County Communication Office (CCO) will develop and maintain hazard mitigation-related public education and outreach programs (i.e. annual defensible space education/outreach, terrorism prevention, erosion control, etc.) • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Office of Emergency Services and County Communication Office • Potential Funding Source: General Fund, federal and/or state grants • Implementation Timeline: 2023-2028 • Hazard(s) Addressed: All Hazards including, but not limited to, Climate Change, Dam Failure, Drought, Earthquake/Liquefaction, Extreme Heat, Flood, Human-Caused Hazards (Terrorism & Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE threats)), Rain-Induced Landslide, Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms/Erosion, Tsunami, Wildfire/Structure Fire Q. Prioritized Action: Sustainable Department Goals: The County Office of Emergency Services (OES) will continue to research ways to sustainably retain a trained workforce, particularly related to Emergency Operations Center positions. County OES will also continue to research economically sustainable efforts, technologies, equipment, vehicles, and other necessities to reduce the department’s carbon footprint. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Office of Emergency Services • Potential Funding Source: General fund as grants as available • Implementation Timeline: 2023-2028 • Hazard(s) Addressed: All Hazards including, but not limited to, Climate Change, Dam Failure, Drought, Earthquake/Liquefaction, Extreme Heat, Flood, Human-Caused Hazards (Terrorism & Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE threats)), Rain-Induced Landslide, Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms/Erosion, Tsunami, Wildfire/Structure Fire R. Prioritized Action: Three-Day Preparedness Kits: The County Office of Emergency Services (OES), County Communications Office (CCO), and the County Technology Office Page 475 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 285 (CTO) will encourage the public to prepare and maintain a three-day preparedness kit for home and work through outreach events, social media, paid media and earned media. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Office of Emergency Services, County Communications Office, and the County Technology Office • Potential Funding Source: General Fund, federal and/or state grants • Implementation Timeline: 2023-2028 • Hazard(s) Addressed: All Hazards including, but not limited to, Climate Change, Dam Failure, Drought, Earthquake/Liquefaction, Extreme Heat, Flood, Human-Caused Hazards (Terrorism & Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE threats)), Rain-Induced Landslide, Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms/Erosion, Tsunami, Wildfire/Structure Fire S. Prioritized Action: San Diego County Fire Community Emergency Response Team’s Community Emergency Preparedness Outreach Program: Utilize County Fire’s Community Emergency Response Team (trained and background checked volunteers) to conduct in- person outreach training, events and activities bringing emergency preparedness information to underserved populations in their rural communities. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Fire • Potential Funding Source: Grant funds available to Community Emergency Response Teams through San Diego Gas and Electric, the Governor’s California Office of Emergency Services and other one-time grant opportunities. • Implementation Timeline: 2023-2028 and annual Community Emergency Preparedness Outreach. • Hazard Addressed: All Hazards including, but not limited to, Climate Change, Dam Failure, Drought, Earthquake/Liquefaction, Extreme Heat, Flood, Human-Caused Hazards (Terrorism & Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE threats)), Rain-Induced Landslide, Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms/Erosion, Tsunami, Wildfire/Structure Fire T. Prioritized Action: Free Residential Knox Box Program: County Fire will integrate the Knox Box Program through outreach efforts with CAL FIRE, participating County departments, Fire Safe Council of San Diego County, and other various stakeholders. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Fire • Potential Funding Source: General Fund, federal and/or state grants • Implementation Timeline: 2023-2028 • Hazard(s) Addressed: All Hazards including, but not limited to, Climate Change, Dam Failure, Drought, Earthquake/Liquefaction, Extreme Heat, Flood, Human-Caused Hazards (Terrorism & Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE threats)), Rain-Induced Landslide, Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms/Erosion, Tsunami, Wildfire/Structure Fire U. Prioritized Action: Free Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) Classes/Training for Communities: County Fire can integrate with partner agencies to offer the WUI course throughout San Diego County. Participating agencies could include CAL FIRE, Bureau of Land Management, US Forest Service, and local Fire Safe Councils. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Fire • Potential Funding Source: General Fund, federal and/or state grants • Implementation Timeline: 2023-2028 • Hazard(s) Addressed: Wildfire/Structure Fire Page 476 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 286 V. Prioritized Action: The California Wildfire Mitigation Program - Home-Hardening Initiative: County Fire is currently working with the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services to pilot the California Wildfire Mitigation Program (CWMP) Home-Hardening Initiative. The CWMP Home Hardening Initiative aims to perform defensible space and retrofit measures on existing residential homesites to mitigate against wildfire losses. This program targets high social-vulnerability communities and provides financial assistance to qualifying low-and moderate-income (LMI) households. This pilot program will be implemented in three high- risk areas within San Diego County: Dulzura, Potrero, and Campo. • Coordinating Individual/Department: County Fire • Potential Funding Source: Federal and state grants • Implementation Timeline: 3-year program (2022-2025); potentially longer subject to the availability of additional funding. • Hazard(s) Addressed: Wildfire/Structure Fire W. Prioritized Action: Support Symposiums: The County Office of Emergency Services (OES) and participating county departments will collaborate with the eighteen incorporated cities and the private sector to support public and private sector hazard mitigation planning symposiums. • Coordinating Individual/Department: The County Office of Emergency Services • Potential Funding Source: General Fund, federal and/or state grants • Implementation Timeline: 2023-2028 • Hazard(s) Addressed: All Hazards including, but not limited to, Climate Change, Dam Failure, Drought, Earthquake/Liquefaction, Extreme Heat, Flood, Human-Caused Hazards (Terrorism & Hazardous Materials Incidents (CBRNE threats)), Rain-Induced Landslide, Sea Level Rise/Coastal Storms/Erosion, Tsunami, Wildfire/Structure Fire See respective annexes for other jurisdictions’/planning participants’ hazard mitigation Goals, Objectives, Actions/Prioritized Actions, and implementation strategies. Page 477 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 287 SECTION SEVEN: Keep the Plan Current Decorative Image Photo by County OES San Diego County, California 2023 Page 478 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 288 7. SECTION SEVEN: KEEP THE PLAN CURRENT Hazard Mitigation Plan updates provide the opportunity to consider how well the procedures established in the previously approved plan worked and revise them as needed. This plan was last updated in 2018. This section of the 2023 Plan describes the formal process that will ensure The Plan remains an active and relevant document. The plan maintenance process includes a schedule for monitoring and evaluating the Plan annually and producing a plan revision every five years. This section describes how the jurisdiction will integrate public participation throughout the plan maintenance process. 7.1. MITIGATION ACTION PROGRESS This version of the Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan was revised over the past five years to reflect changes in development, progress in local mitigation efforts, and changes in priorities. Generally, hazard priorities remained unchanged, though some hazards’ (such as Climate Change, Drought, and Extreme Heat) prevalence and/or probability of occurrence increased and, therefore, needed an updated Vulnerability Assessment. All Hazard Profiles were researched for more modern content, data, and details. This plan’s Goals, Objectives, and Actions were updated from the last version to reflect current priorities within existing plans such as the County Strategic Plan/Initiatives and the County General Plan’s Safety Element. The 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic negatively affected overall progress on the 2018 plan and actions’ progress, but did not negatively impact the community’s vulnerability because the plan was created in tandem with existing local plans/procedures and thus aided in local government responses and actions to keep communities and assets safe. Below are progress reports for the eleven priority mitigation actions listed in the 2018 Plan: 1. Action/Project Title: Update Operational Area Emergency Operational Plan (OA EOP) and associated Annexes Progress Report Period: January 2019 to January 2020 Responsible Agency: The County Office of Emergency Services (County OES) worked with the 18 incorporated cities and participating special districts to revise and update the OA EOP/Annexes. Project Status: Project delayed Explain: Project was delayed due to COVID-19 Pandemic needs/priorities and OES staff/Project Manager turnover. Summary: During the reporting period, the previous County OES project manager(s) conducted meetings to discuss the OA EOP Basic Plan and annex revision suggestions/updates with county departments and partners from the eighteen incorporated cities and special districts. The project is a priority for County OES, but is a large project requiring many staff hours, and collaboration is contingent on the availability of participating project partners. Page 479 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 289 This project was managed, at minimum, by three different County OES staff members who left the department, so staff turnover caused deadline obstacles and time delays. Furthermore, County OES was initially responsible for coordinating response and resources for the COVID-19 Pandemic once County OES’ Emergency Operations Center was activated. Therefore, this project, and many others, could no longer be considered a departmental priority, as County OES instead needed to focus on ensuring the safety and well-being of San Diego County community members. This project is still considered relevant, and revision/update is ongoing. The mention of this project within the updated Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (MJHMP) will be revised to reflect elements eligible for hazard mitigation grant funding, such as (but not limited to), incorporation of passed legislation, cohesive integration with the MJHMP and other existing county/department plans, Emergency Operations Center training, equipment, etc. This project is estimated to be complete by June 30, 2022. 2. Action/Project Title: Develop and maintain public education and outreach programs related to actions community members can take to mitigate hazards they may face. (Annual defensible space education/outreach; terrorism prevention; erosion control, etc.) Progress Report Period: January 2018 to January 2023 Responsible Agency: County Office of Emergency Services (County OES) and County Communications Office (CCO) Project Status: Completed and Ongoing (but delayed) Explain: Action/Project has been completed and is also an ongoing effort/action. Project delayed because priorities shifted due to COVID-19 pandemic. There were also staffing changes. Summary: There have been staffing changes which limit the ability to report on the full scope of accomplishments for the reporting period. Awareness of accomplishments during this period include developing and posting protective actions community members can take to prepare themselves for emergencies and natural disasters from 2018 and thereon on County OES social media platforms in English and in Spanish, the dissemination of the updated Personal Disaster Plans translated into 12 languages, printing of flyers AlertSanDiego, and the SD Emergency app disseminating these flyers at community events and presentations. Community members have been encouraged to take appropriate hazard mitigation actions through alert and warning postings and press releases posted to the Ready San Diego website, AlertSanDiego, the SD Emergency app, County News Center articles. Campaigns were also conducted to increase the number of community members registered for AlertSanDiego Lyft (2018). Hazard mitigation messages have been developed, written, and promoted through television interviews in English and Spanish. These messages have also been provided to the Partner Relay network (a group with over 700 individuals) which is made of trusted community organizations who serve San Diego’s diverse, underserved communities, as well as community members with limited English proficiency through emails and trainings provided to the organizations. They can share these messages with the clients they serve. Numerous of these messages have also been translated into Spanish. The goal is to continue these efforts for the next few months leading through 2023. Page 480 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 290 The project is typically a priority for County OES, but is a large project requiring many staff hours, and collaboration is contingent on the outreach resources, implemented contracts, translation staff/resources, and funding. This project was managed, at minimum, by two different County OES staff members. One staff member left the department, so staff turnover caused deadline obstacles and time delays. Furthermore, County OES was initially responsible for coordinating response and resources for the COVID-19 Pandemic once County OES’ Emergency Operations Center was activated. Therefore, this project, and many others, could no longer be considered a departmental priority, as County OES instead needed to focus on ensuring the safety and well-being of San Diego County community members. Public education, information, outreach and community engagement efforts will continue through January 2023 and include attending presentations on preparedness, supporting staff with documentation and writing of internal documents, materials design & inventory, communications, review of current and past communications messages, draft updated templates with preparedness/hazard mitigation messages, post preparedness messages on social media platforms, preparedness interviews on television, create a Partner Relay capacity plan, Partner Relay Content Creation, Partner Relay train EOC liaisons, conduct countywide preparedness survey, outreach campaigns including on AlertSanDiego, SD Emergency app, and translations of documents from English to Spanish. 3. Action/Project Title: Review the County Consolidated Fire Code annually and update as necessary Progress Report Period: January 2018 to January 2023 Responsible Agency: County Planning & Development Services and County Fire Project Status: Completed Summary: The County of San Diego Consolidated Fire Code has been updated twice during the reporting period, with the most recent update taking place in March 2020. This is an ongoing project that is still relevant for inclusion in the San Diego County Hazard Mitigation Plan. San Diego County Fire, in coordination with the County Planning & Development Services Department, will continue reviewing the Consolidated Fire Code on an annual basis and will make updates to the code as needed, or at minimum, will update it once every three years. 4. Action/Project Title: Streamline policies to eliminate conflicts and duplication of effort in regional planning efforts by coordinating emergency management activities with regional stakeholders by facilitating meetings on a regular basis with regional emergency managers, campus emergency managers, DOD partners, Voluntary Agencies Active in Disaster, and faith-based partners. Progress Report Period: January 2019 to January 2023 Responsible Agency: County Office of Emergency Services (County OES), County Departments, local military, healthcare agencies and the 18 incorporated cities Project Status: Ongoing Page 481 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 291 Summary: The County OES’ Volunteer Coordinator, participates in the San Diego VOAD (Volunteer Organizations Active in Disasters) General Meeting on a monthly basis. There, each organization, including the County OES’ representative, give updates on efforts provided within the Operational Area. There are also talks surrounding coordination for efforts needed. Participants of this meeting are made up of local, state, and federal organizations, as well as non-governmental organizations, to include faithed based partners. The County OES’ Volunteer Coordinator also holds a meeting with non-governmental organizations that make up the County’s Feeding Taskforce every two months. This meeting is designed to discuss organizations’ roles, resources, and capabilities as it pertains to ensuring food security within the region, should the American Red Cross’ feeding operations become overwhelmed. The County OES Ops Coordinator hosts bimonthly Emergency Managers’ meetings to leverage access to, planning with, and partnership development with the 18 cities, special districts, and other key Emergency Managers. The County OES Ops Coordinator is managing the deployment of the regional Full Scale Exercise project that will occur in January 2023. Monthly planning meetings started in February 2022, and meetings have attracted and leveraged access to more than 85 key stakeholders at all levels of government and nonprofit agencies working together for a common goal. The COVID-19 Pandemic caused a lapse in the meetings of these groups, and it has been challenging to gain traction with these meetings. However, this project is still relevant and ongoing. Interactions with these groups play a vital role in County OES’ operations during an Emergency Operations Center (EOC) activation. 5. Action/Project Title: Publicize and encourage the adoption of appropriate hazard mitigation actions throughout the region Progress Report Period: January 2018 to January 2023 Responsible Agency: County Office of Emergency Services (County OES), County Planning & Development Services, County Fire, County Communications Office, County Technology Office Project Status: Delayed and Ongoing Explain: Priorities shifted due to COVID-19 pandemic. There were also staffing changes. Summary: There have been staffing changes, which limit the ability to report on the full scope of accomplishments for the reporting period. Awareness of accomplishments during this period include developing and posting protective actions community members can take to prepare themselves for emergencies and natural disasters from 2018 and thereon on County OES social media platforms in English and in Spanish, the dissemination of the updated Personal Disaster Plans translated into 12 languages, printing of flyers AlertSanDiego, and the SD Emergency app disseminating these flyers at community events and presentations. Community members have been encouraged to take appropriate hazard mitigation actions through alert and warning postings and press releases posted to the Ready Page 482 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 292 San Diego website, AlertSanDiego, the SD Emergency app, county news center articles. Campaigns were also conducted to increase the number of community members registered for AlertSanDiego Lyft (2018). Hazard mitigation messages have been developed, written, and promoted through television interviews in English and Spanish. These messages have also been provided to the Partner Relay network (a group with over 700 individuals) which is made of trusted community organizations who serve San Diego’s diverse and underserved neighborhoods, as well as community members with limited English proficiency, through emails and trainings provided to the organizations. They can share these messages with the clients they serve. Numerous of these messages have also been translated into Spanish. The goal is to continue these efforts for the next few months leading through 2023. Obstacles, problems, or delays include shift in priorities due to COVID-19 pandemic, staffing changes/staff turnover, completing trainings, the learning curve, competing priority projects, project also requires many staff hours, and collaboration is in part contingent on resources, others, invitations, creating opportunities to share the information with others and potentially funding for incentives to create additional opportunities to share the information with the public. The project is still relevant and ongoing since the County is still at risk for emergencies and natural disasters and not all community members are informed on the County’s resources, nor on what actions to take to prepare for emergencies and natural disasters before, during and after they occur. Public education, information, outreach and community engagement efforts will continue through January, 2023 and include attending presentations on preparedness, supporting staff with documentation and writing of internal documents, materials design & inventory, communications, review of current and past communications messages, draft updated templates with preparedness/hazard mitigation messages, post preparedness messages on social media platforms, preparedness interviews on television, create a Partner Relay capacity plan, Partner Relay Content Creation, Partner Relay train EOC liaisons, conduct countywide preparedness survey, outreach campaigns including on AlertSanDiego, SD Emergency app, and translations of documents from English to Spanish. 6. Action/Project Title: Building Codes Progress Report Period: January 1, 2020 to March 30, 2022 Responsible Agency: County of San Diego, County Planning & Development Services (Building Division), and County Fire Project Status: Completed Summary: Building codes were reviewed to reflect current earthquake standards annually and update as necessary. County Staff attended jurisdictional conferences related code changes or updates related to seismic and other natural disasters. Groups included International Code Counsel, County Building Officials Association of California (CBOAC), California Building Officials (Calbo). This is an ongoing effort, and project is still relevant. Department suggests adding a review of fire and wind standards annually to include the most relevant natural disasters that effect our community. Page 483 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 293 7. Action/Project Title: Support public and private sector symposiums that emphasize hazard mitigation planning Progress Report Period: January 2018 to January 2023 Responsible Agency: County Office of Emergency Services (County OES), County Departments, Cities, and private sector partners Project Status: Completed and Ongoing Summary: County OES maintains a support posture of public and private sector symposiums with an emphasis on hazard mitigation. In September 2021, County OES participated with the Air Protection Control District (APCD) and the California Air Resource Board in a symposium tailored around air-quality. County OES also participates quarterly with San Diego Gas & Electric’s (SDG&E’s) Access and Functional Needs team to discuss ways the public can be best prepared for Public Safety Power Shutoffs. Obstacles, problems, or delays include shift in priorities due to COVID-19 pandemic and staffing changes/staff turnover. The department suggests this project should outline key deliverables and note specifically what is to be accomplished through supporting symposiums. 8. Action/Project Title: Maintain multi-jurisdictional/multi-functional training and annual exercises to enhance hazard mitigation Progress Report Period: January 2018 to January 2023 Responsible Agency: County Office of Emergency Services (County OES), County Departments, All 18 Cities/appropriate Private Sector Agencies Project Status: Ongoing Summary: From Fall 2017 to Summer 2018, County OES staff planned and deployed a San Diego Regional Tabletop Exercise (TTX) conducted on June 18, 2018, completing the process with a published AAR/IP (After Action Report / Improvement Plan.) This was the result of a UASI grant proposal from OES. From Spring 2019 to October 2019, County OES’ team planned a November 6, 2019 San Diego Regional Full Scale Exercise (FSE) across regional agencies at all levels of government and the private sector, in response to priorities of the San Diego MyTEP (Multi-Year Training and Exercise Plan – San Diego Urban Area, 2019-2022. They completed the process with a published AAR/IP. This was the result of a UASI grant proposal from OES. From Fall 2020 to July 2021, County OES’ staff also planned a July 27, 2021 San Diego Regional TTX for government and nonprofit agencies across San Diego, with AAR After Action Report improvements in response to priorities of the San Diego MyTEP (Multi-Year Training and Exercise Plan – San Diego Urban Area, 2019-2022. They completed the process with a published AAR/IP. This was the result of a UASI grant proposal from County OES. To meet the priorities of San Diego MyTEPs for 2019-2022 and 2022-2025, OES’s team kicked off planning for a January2023 regional FSE (Full Scale Exercise) in December 2021 and are currently hosting monthly planning meetings with large Page 484 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 294 regional stakeholder groups, attracting approximately 85 stakeholder agency members. A FSE planning team of about 30 members is now meeting, including all 18 City Emergency managers, and a variety of special districts such as water agencies, airport and ports, USAR (Urban Search and Rescue) team, as well as public safety partners. This exercise prioritizes testing core capabilities testing identified in the MyTEPs and testing regional response plans such as OA EOP, local EOPs and response plans. The OA and local agency EOC response will be tested for a catastrophic natural and human caused hazard scenario. This FSE will also testing Emergency Public Information through a regional JIC response, EOC activation and response procedures across agencies and jurisdictions, recovery operations and Initial Damage Assessment, alert and warning, regional coordination and communication, terrorism response and infrastructure systems, such as water agency response in emergencies. County OES staff from 2021 to April 2022, OES planned, developed, and deployed a 6-month long training program for new and existing OES Staffs for the all-hazards response Staff Duty Officer (SDO) program; with subsequent Qualification Board testing for all SDO Under Instruction candidates in April 2022, to certify and deploy them as SDOs for emergency response. Staff had a 100% pass rate through this intensive oral Qual Board and practical hands-on technical test. From November 2021 to present, the County OES training officer promoted UASI and CSTI training courses to County OES staff, EOC responders and EOC partner agencies, to bolster training for local important courses such as EOC positions Specific training – Planning, management, operations and Finance/Admin, Public Information Officer course, Mass Care courses and Recovery Operations, among others and booked a local EOC Operations and Planning course in the San Diego IA EOC for November 2022. On April 10, 2022, The County OES Ops Coordinator completed a County OES training program needs assessment to identify areas for improvement, as presented to County OES leadership, and plans are underway to continue to expand training in FY 2022-23. To meet the priorities of the San Diego MyTEP (Multi-Year Training and Exercise Plan) – San Diego Urban Area, 2019-2022 and 2022-2025, County OES staff planned and conducted the following EOC exercises: o Hot Wash on Two Coastal Incidents – Tongan Tsunami and Orange / San Diego County Oil Spill and generated After Action Lessons Learned for approximately 25 regional agencies at all levels of government. o EOC Planning P, EOC Action Plan, Battle Rhythm and EOC Planning TTX 2/23/22 o EOC Operations functional training exercise 3/2/22 o Tongan Tsunami Advisory for San Diego FSE 1/18/22 Projects obstacles, problems and delays Coordinators were hired October 2021; departure of key staffs that managed projects, causing significant delays in initiatives, including Training & Exercises Lead departing. Page 485 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 295 Obstacles can arise any time such as when County OES staffs the EOC in emergencies and the two-year long COVID emergency activation caused competing priorities. The COVID emergency activation also delayed access to many training and exercise opportunities nationwide 2020 to 2022, due to social distancing health safety considerations. Other significant EOC activations that also tapped out staffs and changed priorities - wildfire season response, west coast oil spill, west coast tsunami advisory and other emergency EOC activations. Regional FSE is an Ops Plan goal for fiscal include extensive staff turnover at County OES – five new Emergency Services year 2022, July 1, 2022 – June 30, 2023. Training and Exercise Planning remains a high priority for County OES. 9. Action/Project Title: Review and update annually regional emergency plans, Concept of Operation plans, protocols, and standard operating procedures Progress Report Period: January 2018 to January 2023 Responsible Agency: County Office of Emergency Services (County OES), appropriate county Departments, and all 18 Cities/Special Districts Project Status: Delayed and Ongoing Explain: Project was delayed due to OES staff turnover. Summary: County OES created a Plan Revision Schedule which includes an annual cycle where Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), Concept of Operations (ConOps), Continuity of Operations Plan (COOP), Site Evacuation Plan (SEP), Emergency Operations Plan (EOP), and Checklists are reviewed, updated, tested, validated, approved, and trained. This project is a priority for County OES and is contingent on collaboration with County OES staff members. County OES staff turnover caused deadline obstacles and time delays. This project is still considered relevant, and revisions/updates to regional emergency plans, ConOps, protocols, and SOPs are ongoing. County OES is updating the SOP Library document to include a revision, training, and testing schedule; review and approval process; review checklist; version control measures and storage location; handling confidential information process; and training, testing and validation process. 10. Action/Project Title: Encourage the public to prepare and maintain a 3-day preparedness kit for home and work through outreach events, social media, paid media and earned media. Progress Report Period: January 2018 to January 2023 Responsible Agency: County Office of Emergency Services (County OES), County Communications Office, and County Technology Office Project Status: Delayed and Ongoing Explain: The department is not aware of what would constitute the project as complete. The project could be considered ongoing. Since the potential for emergencies and natural disasters continues, the project still has relevancy. The project could stay the same or potentially be modified to recommend community members ideally prepare a kit with food, water to last at least three days, but three Page 486 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 296 days could also be a challenge with current inflation and perhaps that should be considered as well. Summary: There have been staffing changes which limit the ability to report on the full scope of accomplishments for the reporting period. Awareness of accomplishments during this period include the vast number of files, emails, PowerPoint presentations, and documents left from the previous Public Outreach Specialist would indicate a high-level work ethic to achieve the Office of Emergency Services vision and the essential functions of the position. It should also be noted PowerPoint presentations created prior to the recent staffing changes indicate a recommendation to build a kit to last for 3 to 5 days. Efforts to achieve this goal are visible in the recently updated Personal Disaster Plans. Page 40 of the plan encourages readers to prepare a home kit to service for at least three days without water or electricity. Additionally, these plans were made to consider individuals with access and functional needs. These disaster plans were translated and available in 12 languages. They are available for free to download from the OES website and are also regularly mailed out to community members who request a hard copy. The PowerPoint was used for a presentation at La Jolla Country Day on November 18, 2021, where the recommendation was made for those in attendance to build a preparedness kit to last 3-5 days. This project could be considered ongoing and be included in current and future public education, information, outreach, and community engagement efforts (These messages can continue to be shared with the public and included in future outreach programming through January 2023). Obstacles, problems, or delays include shift in priorities due to COVID-19 pandemic, staffing changes/staff turnover, completing trainings, the learning curve, competing priority projects, project also requires many staff hours, and collaboration is in part contingent on resources, others, invitations, creating opportunities to share the information with others and potentially funding for incentives to create additional opportunities to share the information with the public. 11. Action/Project Title: Develop a Climate Action Plan Progress Report Period: January 2018 to January 2023 Responsible Agency: Land Use & Environment Group and County Office of Emergency Services (County OES) Project Status: Completed Summary: For further details, please visit the County’s Climate Action Plan website.139F140F140F 145 145 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/sdc/sustainability/cap.html#:~:text=The%20County%20of%20San%20Diego,over%20the %20next%2030%20years. Page 487 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 297 7.2. PLAN UPDATE EVALUATION TABLE 72: PLANNING AND MITIGATION EVALUATION Plan Section Considerations Explanation Planning Process Should new jurisdictions and/or districts be invited to participate in future plan updates? All jurisdictions within San Diego County are welcome to participate and will continue to be invited to participate in future plan updates. Have any internal or external agencies been invaluable to the mitigation strategy? All internal and external planning partners are invaluable to our mitigation strategy. Internal partners assisted most with updating the hazard assessment, mitigation actions, strategies and providing progress reports. External partner assistance was most helpful related to climate change incorporation into hazards and updating the hazard assessment. Can any procedures (e.g., meeting announcements, plan updates) be done differently or more efficiently? County OES recommends allotting more time for all planning partners to complete FEMA Handbook Tasks 5, 6 and 7 since these sections require greater amounts of time and effort to collaborate with additional team members, plan/document in-depth goals/objectives/actions and provide supporting documentation for previous plan accomplishments. Has the Planning Team undertaken any public outreach activities? The Planning Team conducted public outreach activities outlined in Section 3 of this plan. Some future public outreach activities are outlined in Section 6 of this plan, but are not inclusive of all public outreach activities. How can public participation be improved? Public participation may be improved with continued partner outreach, seminars, surveys, public education opportunities/presentations and other methods (both virtual and in-person) outlined in Section 6 of this plan. Have there been any changes in public support and/or decision- maker priorities related to hazard mitigation? Public feedback details are provided in Section 3 of this plan. Updated priorities and reasoning are covered in Section 6 and 7 of this plan. Capability Assessment Have jurisdictions adopted new policies, plans, regulations, or reports that could be incorporated into this plan? Jurisdiction-specific adoptions/incorporations are covered in individual annexes to this plan. Are there different or additional administrative, human, technical, and financial resources available for mitigation planning? Not currently. The Planning Team will continue to monitor. Are there different or new education and outreach programs and resources available for mitigation activities? The Planning Team will continue to monitor and seek opportunities to facilitate new education and outreach programs/resources, especially for priority actions outlined in Section 6 of this plan. Has NFIP participation changed in the participating jurisdictions? For NFIP participation, see Sections 1 and 7 of this plan for the County of San Diego and associated plan annexes for all other participating jurisdictions. Risk Assessment Has a natural and/or technical or human-caused disaster occurred? Disasters, such as, but not limited to, pandemic disease and wildfires, have occurred during the planning stages of this plan. Should the list of hazards addressed in the plan be modified? Not currently. The Planning Team will continue to monitor, assess, and update as needed. Are there new data sources and/or additional maps and studies Not currently. The Planning Team will continue to monitor, assess, and update as needed. Page 488 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 298 Plan Section Considerations Explanation Risk Assessment available? If so, what are they and what have they revealed? Should the information be incorporated into future plan updates? Do any new critical facilities or infrastructure need to be added to the asset lists? Not currently. The Planning Team will continue to monitor, assess, and update as needed. Have any changes in development trends occurred that could create additional risks? See the Development Section of this plan and the 2021 County of San Diego Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Report for a list of policies to minimize new residential development in very-high and high fire hazard severity zones, and increase resilience of existing development in high-risk areas. Are there repetitive losses and/or severe repetitive losses to document? According to the 2022 FEMA Repetitive Loss Summary Report, the County of San Diego has 20 Repetitive Loss properties, and 3 Severe Repetitive Loss properties. Plan Section Considerations Explanation Mitigation Strategy Is the mitigation strategy being implemented as anticipated? Were the cost and timeline estimates accurate? The mitigation strategy experienced delayed implementation due to some staff/project manager turnover and decreased time available to plan and implement. Emergency Operations Center activation for the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic affected timeline estimates. Should new mitigation actions be added to the Action Plan? Should existing mitigation actions be revised or eliminated from the plan? Not currently. The Planning Team will continue to monitor, assess, and update as needed. Are there new obstacles that were not anticipated in the plan that will need to be considered in the next plan update? Not currently. The Planning Team will continue to monitor, assess, and update as needed. Are there new funding sources to consider? Not currently. The Planning Team will continue to monitor, assess, and update as needed. Have elements of the plan been incorporated into other planning mechanisms? Yes, e.g., the Emergency Operations Plan and other County emergency plans. Plan Maintenance Procedures Was the plan monitored and evaluated as anticipated? The plan was monitored and evaluated as anticipated. However, it would have been more helpful to the Planning Team to have more time to complete Sections 5-7 of this plan, which will be accounted for in the next planning cycle. What are needed improvements to the procedures? None currently. The Planning Team will continue to monitor, assess, and update as needed. 7.3. PLAN MAINTENANCE, MONITORING, EVALUATION, & UPDATES Hazard Mitigation Plan maintenance is the process the Planning Team establishes to track the plan’s implementation progress and to inform the plan update. The plan must include a description of the method and schedule for monitoring, evaluating, and updating it within a 5- year cycle. These procedures help to: Page 489 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 299 • Ensure that the mitigation strategy is implemented according to the plan. • Provide the foundation for an ongoing mitigation program in your community. • Standardize long-term monitoring of hazard-related activities. • Integrate mitigation principles into community officials’ daily job responsibilities and department roles. • Maintain momentum through continued engagement and accountability in the plan’s progress. 7.3.1 PLAN MONITORING Plan monitoring means tracking the implementation of the plan over time. The plan must identify how, when, and by whom the plan will be monitored. The Hazard Mitigation Planning Group (HMPG) participants listed in Section 2 of this plan will be responsible for monitoring the plan annually for updates to jurisdictional goals, objectives, and action items. If needed, these participants will coordinate through the County Office of Emergency Services (County OES) to integrate these updates into the Plan. County OES will be responsible for monitoring the Plan for updates on an annual basis. Status of this plan’s Mitigation Goals, Objectives, and Actions are tracked annually by County OES via a five-year cycle project plan and charter created by County OES. Every year, County OES will ask planning participants named in Section 2 of this plan to report on the status of their projects, the success of various implementation processes, difficulties encountered, success of coordination efforts, and strategies that should be revised. 7.3.2. PLAN EVALUATION The Plan is evaluated by the County Office of Emergency Services (County OES) and by each participating jurisdiction annually to determine the effectiveness of programs, and to reflect changes in land development or programs that may affect mitigation priorities. This includes re-evaluation by Hazard Mitigation Planning Group (HMPG) leads (or their select jurisdictional representative) based upon the initial STAPPLEE criteria used to draft goals, objectives, and action items for each jurisdiction. County OES and city representatives also review the goals and action items to determine their relevance to changing situations in the county, as well as changes in State or Federal regulations and policy. County OES and jurisdictional representatives review the risk assessment portion of the Plan to determine if this information should be updated or modified, given any new available data. The coordinating organizations responsible for the various action items will report on the status of their projects, the success of various implementation processes, difficulties encountered, success of coordination efforts, and which strategies should be revised. Any updates or changes necessary will be forwarded by planning participants to County OES for inclusion in further updates to the Plan. The HMPG and each Local Mitigation Planning Team meet annually to discuss the status of this Plan. 7.3.3. PLAN UPDATES Since this Plan’s original adoption in 2005 the Hazard Mitigation Planning Group (HMPG) has participated in an annual review. This process was continued after the adoption of the 2010 Page 490 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 300 plan. The review details all mitigation actions that were deferred, begun, continued, or completed during that calendar year. In the past five years, there has been considerable progress made with the successful completion of most action items developed by the participating jurisdictions. Section 7.1 details the status of the action items from the 2018 plan. This review process has been effective in identifying gaps and shortfalls in funding, support, and other resources. It has also allowed for the re-prioritization of specific actions as circumstances change. It allows each participating jurisdiction to maintain the plan as a living document. This review process has enabled the HMPG to improve the document by eliminating actions that have been completed, adding new actions that have been identified since the plan’s adoption and reprioritizing other actions to reflect new priorities and/or constraints. The negative side of this review process is that it is time consuming, pulling staff away from their day-to-day responsibilities. The County Office of Emergency Services (County OES) will continue to be the responsible agency for updates to the Plan, and responsible for monitoring the Plan for updates on an annual basis. All HMPG participants will continue to be responsible to provide County OES with jurisdictional-level updates to the Plan annually or when/if necessary, as described above. Status of this plan’s Mitigation Goals, Objectives, and Actions are tracked annually by County OES via a five-year cycle project plan and charter created by County OES. Every year, County OES will ask planning participants named in Section 2 of this plan to report on the status of their projects, the success of various implementation processes, difficulties encountered, success of coordination efforts, and strategies that should be revised. Every five years the plan will be updated and submitted to existing authorities outlined in Section 1 of this plan and Cal OES and FEMA for review. Below is a general five-year timeline of when and how this plan will be updated, per FEMA guidelines and requirements outlined within FEMA’s “Local Mitigation Planning Handbook” 146: ❖ YEAR 1 (FEBRUARY 7, 2023-DECEMBER 31, 2023): • Complete FEMA Task 1 (“Determine the Planning Area and Resources”) • Complete FEMA Task 2 (“Build the Planning Team”) • Start FEMA Task 3 (“Create an Outreach Strategy) ❖ YEAR 2 (JANUARY 1, 2024-DECEMBER 31, 2024): • Complete FEMA Task 3 (“Create an Outreach Strategy) • Complete FEMA Task 4 (“Review Community Capabilities”) • Start FEMA Task 5 (“Conduct a Risk Assessment”) ❖ YEAR 3 (JANUARY 1, 2025-DECEMBER 31, 2025): • Complete FEMA Task 5 (“Conduct a Risk Assessment”) • Start FEMA Task 6 (“Develop A Mitigation Strategy”) ❖ YEAR 4 (JANUARY 1, 2026-DECEMBER 31, 2026): • Complete FEMA Task 6 (“Develop A Mitigation Strategy”) 146 https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/2020-06/fema-local-mitigation-planning-handbook_03-2013.pdf. Page 491 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 301 • Complete FEMA Task 7 (“Keep the Plan Current”) ❖ YEAR 5 (JANUARY 1, 2027-FEBRUARY 7, 2028) • Complete FEMA Task 8 (“Review and Adopt the Plan”) • Complete FEMA Task 9 (“Create a Safe and Resilient Community”) 7.3.4. IMPLEMENTATION THROUGH EXISTING PROGRAMS AND OTHER PLANNING MECHANISMS County and local jurisdictions have implemented most of the Priority Actions from the 2018 Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (MJHMP) through existing programs and procedures. Planning participants used (and will continue to use) this plan as a baseline of information related to priority hazards impacting their jurisdictions, to identify vulnerable communities and critical assets, and plan for their protection. The planning participants have also been able to refer to existing institutions, integrations, plans, policies, and ordinances defined for each jurisdiction, which was outlined in Section 2 of this plan (e.g., General Plan). After regional adoption of this MJHMP update, planning participants will incorporate this plan into their General Plans and/or other comprehensive plans and procedures as those plans require review and revisions. Some of those documents will implement and/or be informed by this plan, which include (and are not limited to): • San Diego County/Cities General Plans & Safety Element o Required incorporation of this plan’s 2018 and 2023 updates, including evacuation information and priority hazards into the County’s Safety Element (lead by Planning & Development Services) to demonstrate progress of local hazard mitigation efforts and ensure compliance with the California Government Code. Plan leads (listed in Section 2 of this plan) met as needed to collaborate on cohesive updates, then discuss how and where to include the update within their respective plans.140F141F141F 147 • County Legislative Program o The vulnerability assessments, priority hazards, Goals, Objectives, and Actions/Priority Actions from this plan update helped the Office of Emergency Services’ planning group inform the County Legislative Program’s Priority Issues and Policy Guidelines through the addition of mitigation considerations and an all- hazard approach to disaster planning and legislation support.141F142F142F 148 • San Diego County Evacuation and Sheltering Plans o This plan’s priority hazards, hazard profiles, hazard mitigation actions/priority actions, and vulnerability assessments inform evacuation and sheltering plans to account for the safety of people and assets during all-hazard scenarios to the furthest extent feasible. Implementation of this plan’s update ensure compliance with existing federal and state legislation. • San Diego County Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan 2022 o Hazard information from the MJHMP update was incorporated into the 2022 County of San Diego Operational Emergency Operations Plan (OA EOP) update. 147 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/sdc/pds/generalplan/GP-Progress-Reports.html#ProgressReports 148 https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/sdc/cao/edga.html Page 492 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 302 All high significance hazards identified in the MJHMP update were addressed in the 2022 OA EOP update. • State & Federal Hazard Mitigation Programs o Members from the Office of Emergency Services’ planning group participated in interviews with Cal OES to share planning experiences and best practices from this plan’s update, provide feedback on the State & Federal Hazard Mitigation Program, and provide recommendations for program and plan improvement. Task Four of the FEMA Local Mitigation Handbook, Sections 1, 2, 4, and 7 of this plan, and jurisdiction-specific annexes describe the process by which local governments will integrate the requirements of the mitigation plan into other planning mechanisms, such as comprehensive or capital improvement plans. The County of San Diego specifically meets with all necessary partners to collaborate on planning mechanisms/updates, conducts an approval process through the public, department leadership, Unified Disaster Council (UDC) voting/approval, then Board of Supervisor and other elected official approval. All listed steps were conducted on necessary and required bases. The administrative and technical capabilities of the County, as discussed in Sections 2 and 4 of this plan, provide an identification of the staff, personnel, and department resources available to implement the actions identified in Section 6 of this plan. Specific resources reviewed include those involving technical personnel such as planners/engineers with knowledge of land development and land management practices, engineers trained in construction practices related to building and infrastructure, planners, and engineers with an understanding of natural or human-caused hazards, floodplain managers, surveyors, personnel with GIS skills and scientists familiar with hazards in the community. 7.3.5. RESPONSE PLANS Several other operational or functional response plans are also influenced by information contained in this plan. These plans include but are not limited to: General Plan, Safety Element and Emergency Operations Plan, Annex Q – Evacuation: A review of the vulnerability and estimated losses detailed in the hazard profiles can help identify evacuation routes and locations, and their capacity, safety, and viability in different emergency scenarios. These plans inform this plan by helping the Planning Group evaluate the impacts of multiple or cascading hazards, so that evacuees are not relocated into an area that puts them at risk from other hazards. 7.3.6. CONTINUED PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT The 2018 plan was posted on the Hazard Mitigation page of the San Diego County Office of Emergency Services (County OES) webpage, and the public has always been encouraged to comment on the plan online. Once approved, this revised plan will be posted on the Hazard Mitigation webpage of the County OES website and participating jurisdictions will have links to the Plan on their websites. Page 493 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 303 The participating jurisdictions and special districts continue to be dedicated to involving the public directly in the review process and updates of the Plan. A maintenance committee made up of a representative from County OES and a representative from each participating jurisdiction is responsible for monitoring, evaluating, and updating the Plan as described above. During all phases of plan maintenance, the public will have the opportunity to provide feedback. In addition, hard copies of the plan are catalogued and kept by the appropriate agencies in the county. The existence and location of these copies are also posted on the county website. To facilitate public comments, the County OES Hazard Mitigation webpage contains an email address for the public’s use, which is monitored daily by County OES staff. Any questions or comments received on this website are forwarded to the appropriate member(s) of the HMPG for their review and response. County OES also tracks public comments on this plan. A press release requesting public comments is also issued for each update, and after each evaluation. County OES also uses social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc.) to notify the public of any changes they should be aware of. These notifications direct people to the Hazard Mitigation webpage, where the public can review proposed changes. Coupled with the dedicated email address for comments, this provides the public a simple, easily accessible manner to express concerns, opinions, or ideas about any updates/changes that are proposed to the Plan. County OES will continue to be responsible for publicizing any changes to the Plan and maintaining public involvement. Page 494 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 304 APPENDICES Decorative Image Photo by County OES, Rob Andolina San Diego County, California 2023 Page 495 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 305 APPENDIX 1. BASE DATA SOURCES 2021 TYPE SECTION SOURCES CREDITS HAZUS CLASSIFICATIONS EXCLUSIONS NOTES/ASSUMPTIONS INFRASTRUCTURE OIL/GAS PIPELINES Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD) - NG PIPELINES National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) Buried Pipelines Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD) - PETROLEUM PIPELINES National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) Pipelines RAILROA D TRACKS SDE.SANGIS.RAILROAD - RAIL_TYPE = 'TRAIN' San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) Railway Tracks Excluded defunct freight lines SDE.SANGIS.RAILROAD - RAIL_TYPE = 'TROLLEY' San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) Light Rail Tracks HIGHWAY California Department of Transportation California Department of Transportation Highway Roads (Major Roads + Urban Roads) CRITICAL FACILITIES AIRPORT FACILITIE S SDE.SANGIS.AIR_AIRPORT S + web SanGIS + Google, etc. Control Towers + Terminal Buildings + Parking Structures + Fuel Facilities + Maint/Hangar Facilities + Runways + Other Excluded military and private facilities Terminals-Large SDE.SANGIS.AIR_AIRPORT S + web SanGIS + Google, etc. Terminals-Small SDE.SANGIS.AIR_AIRPORT S + web SanGIS + Google, etc. Control Towers SDE.SANGIS.AIR_AIRPORT S + web SanGIS + Google, etc. Runways: Asphalt -- includes major taxi-ways SDE.SANGIS.AIR_AIRPORT S + web SanGIS + Google, etc. Strips: Dirt, gravel, etc. BRIDGES Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD) - Railroad Bridges National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) By material/design/length and by light rail/railroad/highway Excluded any on military bases, and on reservations if not major road or greater Added some highway bridges from imagery/NBI/SDE. No rail bridges were added as the data showed no new ones Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD) - National Bridge Inventory National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) SDE.SANGIS.BRIDGES SanGIS BUS FACILITIE S Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD) - Amtrak Stations National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) Urban Station + Fuel Facility + Dispatch Facility + Maintenance Facility HAZUS + web Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) + Google, etc. SDE.SANGIS.TRAN_STOPS_ SG + web SanGIS + Google, etc. COMMUNI CATION FACILITIE S/ UTILITIES Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD) - AM Antennas + HAZUS National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) Central Offices + Stations/Transmitters (AM or FM, TV stations, Weather stations, Other) AM Antennas from previous analysis matched current HSIP/HAZUS data Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD) - FM Antennas + HAZUS National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) FM Antennas from previous analysis matched current HSIP/HAZUS data (two stations on reservation land were excluded as well) Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD) - TV Digital Transmitters + HAZUS National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) Added one digital TV transmitter up near San Marcos from HAZUS data- looked it up on FCC website and is active Page 496 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 306 Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD) - Broadband Transmitters National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) Analog transmitters are no longer in use as of July 2021 No changes Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD)- Weather Stations National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) Added for 2021- only 1 station ELECTRIC POWER FACILITIE S CEC - PP_SD California Energy Commission Transmission Substations + Distribution Circuits + Generation Plants Excluded private facilities Power plants CEC - Substation_SD California Energy Commission Substations on reservations NOT excluded (Campo) Substations TYPE SECTION SOURCES CREDITS HAZUS CLASSIFICATIONS EXCLUSIONS NOTES/ASSUMPTIONS CRITICAL FACILITIES, continued (EMERGEN CY RESPONSE) EMERGENC Y CENTERS, FIRE STATIONS, POLICE STATIONS Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD) - Local_EmergencyOperations Centers +SDE.SANGIS.FACILITY_CRI TICAL National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) + SanGIS Emergency Operation Center Includes 4 alternate locations SDE.SANGIS.FIRE_STATION SanGIS Fire Station Excluded military and reservation facilities SDE.SANGIS.FACILITY_CRIT ICAL + SDE.SANGIS.PLACES + web + SDE.SANGIS.LAW_FACILITY SanGIS Police Station Excluded military and reservation facilities Included Customs + Border Patrol GOVERNME NT OFFICE/CIV IC CENTER SDE.SANGIS.FACILITY_CRITI CAL + SDE.SANGIS.PLACES + visual/web analysis SanGIS + Google, etc. HAZUS: From General Building Stock - GOV1I (General Services) - not GOV2I (Emergency Response) Excluded military and reservation facilities, and any facilities already covered by Emergency Response group HOSPITALS / CARE FACILITIES SDE.SANGIS.FACILITY_CRITI CAL + SDE.SANGIS.PLACES + visual/web analysis SanGIS + Google, etc. Hospitals (Small/Medium/Large) + Medical Clinics (Clinics, Labs, Blood Banks) Excluded hospitals without ER facilities PORT FACILITIES Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD) - Ports National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) Waterfront Structures + Cranes/Cargo Handling Equipment + Warehouses + Fuel Facilities Excluded private facilities/marinas NAV_UNIT_N = '32ND ST. NAVAL BASE' OR NAV_UNIT_N = 'SAN DIEGO UNIFIED PORT DISTRICT, BROADWAY PIER' -- used central port locations, not separate wharf/pier locations POTABLE WATER FACILITIES HAZUS + web Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) + local governments + Google, etc. Pumping Plants + Wells + Water Storage Tanks (0.5MGD to 2MGD) + Water Treatment Plants (Large/Med/Small) Treatment Plants - included Carlsbad desalination facility (near complete) SDE.SANGIS.HYD_LAKE SanGIS Reservoirs (without adjacent plants) WASTE WATER FACILITIES HAZUS + web Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) + local governments + Google, etc. Treatment Plants (Large/Med/Small) + Lift Stations (Large/Med/Small) Treatment Plants Page 497 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 307 RAIL FACILITIES Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD) - Intermodal Terminal Facilities National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) Railway: Urban Station + Fuel Facility+ Dispatch Facility + Maintenance Facility Light Rail: DC Substation + Dispatch Facility + Maintenance Facility Terminal Facilities Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD) - Amtrak Stations National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) Amtrak Stations Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD) - Railroad Yards + web National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) + Google, etc. Yard Facilities SDE.SANGIS.TRAN_STOPS_ SG + web San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) + Google, etc. Sprinter Stations Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD) - Fixed-Guideway Transit Stations + SDE.SANGIS.TRAN_STOPS_ SG + web National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) + San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) + Google, etc. Transit Centers SCHOOLS SDE.SANGIS.PARCELS_ALL SanGIS Grade Schools + Colleges/Universities (HAZUS data for SD is only grade schools -- not colleges/universities) Excluded any on military bases and reservation land Excluded SOCtypes: Alternative Schools of Choice, Continuation High Schools, County removed any that had closed- used CA dept of ed GIS to get updated schools and enrollments Community Analyst Dun & Bradstreet, via Esri Excluded private facilities and trade schools Homeland Infrastructure Foundation- Level Data (HIFLD)- Type 1 universities/jr colleges only TYPE SECTION SOURCES CREDITS HAZUS CLASSIFICATIONS EXCLUSIONS NOTES/ASSUMPTIONS POPULATION + BUILDINGS POPULATIO N 2019 Census U.S. Census Bureau Buried Pipelines RESIDENTIA L BUILDINGS SDE.SANGIS.PARCELS_ ALL SanGIS Used an overlay of LANDUSE_SG to find residential parcels as ASR field is deprecated COMMERCIA L BUILDINGS Community Analyst Dun & Bradstreet, via Esri Page 498 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 308 APPENDIX 2. HAZARD DATA SOURCES 2021 NAME SOURCES QUERY (IF ANY) NOTES (INCL. CREDITS) Coastal Storm/Erosion HYD_FLOODPL FLD_ZONE = 'VE' Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Dam Failure HYD_DAM_INUNDATION_DSO D California Office of Emergency Services, County of San Diego, Division of Safety of Dams 100-Year Earthquake HAZUS, USGS Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA; HAZUS); soil from U.S. Geological Survey VS30 data - http://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/a pps/vs30/custom.php 500-Year Earthquake HAZUS, USGS Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA; HAZUS); soil from U.S. Geological Survey VS30 data - http://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/a pps/vs30/custom.php Probabilistic Annualized Earthquake HAZUS, USGS Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA; HAZUS); soil from U.S. Geological Survey VS30 data - http://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/a pps/vs30/custom.php Rose Canyon M6.9 Scenario HAZUS, USGS U.S. Geological Survey- ShakeMaps 100-Year Flood HYD_FLOODPL FLOOD_PLAI = 'FP100' OR FLOOD_PLAI = 'FW100' Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 500-Year Flood HYD_FLOODPL FLOOD_PLAI = 'FP500' Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Rain-Induced Landslide (High Risk) GEO_LANDSLIDE_CN soil_slip_risk = 'High' OR state_landslide_cat = 'Most Susceptible' OR GABRO_SLOPE = 'YES' State of California, U.S. Geological Survey, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA; HAZUS) and County of San Diego Rain-Induced Landslide (Moderate Risk) GEO_LANDSLIDE_CN (soil_slip_risk = 'Moderate' OR state_landslide_cat = 'Marginally Susceptible') AND GABRO_SLOPE = '' State of California, U.S. Geological Survey, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA; HAZUS) and County of San Diego Wildfire Hazard Severity Zones FIRE_HAZARD_SEVERITY_ZON ES Definition qeuried to only show high and very high fire zones Used composite version provided directly from CAL FIRE Fire Resource Assessment Program (FRAP) Team Sea Level Rise (Coastal Flooding) Areas inundated by unimpeded Pacific coastal flooding under a scenario of 1.4-meter (55-inch) sea-level rise Pacific Institute -- http://www2.pacinst.org/ Sea Level Rise (MHHW) Area inundated by mean higher high water (MHHW) under 1.4- meter (55-inch) sea-level rise scenario Pacific Institute -- http://www2.pacinst.org/ Tsunami HYD_TSUNAMI_INUNDATION_ AREA California Emergency Management Agency (CalEMA), University of Southern California (USC) and California Geological Survey (CGS) Page 499 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 309 APPENDIX 3. OTHER SOURCES/REFEREN C ES ABAG Dam Failure Inundation Hazards Guide, http://www.abag.ca.gov/bayarea/eqmaps/damfailure/dfguide.html Bainbridge, David 1997. The Flood Next Time. The San Diego Earth Times Web Page: http://www.sdearthtimes.com/et1097/et1097s1.html California Department of Boating and Waterways and SANDAG, 1994. Shoreline Erosion Assessment and Atlas of the San Diego Region, Volumes I and II. Edited by Reinhard E. Flick, PhD. California Earthquake History 1769-Present Earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/sca/ca_eqs.php City of Fort Collins Dam Failure Webpage, http://www.ci.fort-collins.co.us/oem/dam- failure.php California Coastal Commission Draft Sea Level Rise Policy Guidance (2013) http://www.coastal.ca.gov/climate/slr/guidance/CCC_Draft_SLR_Guidance_PR_101420 13.pdf California Department of Conservation, Division of Mines and Geology 1990. Planning Scenario for a Major Earthquake, San Diego-Tijuana Metropolitan Area. Special Publication 100. California Department of Water Resources, Dam Safety, http://www.water.ca.gov/damsaefty/docs/fault.pdf California Environmental Protection Agency and Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 2013. “Indicators of Climate Change in California.” Climate Education Partners, 2014. “San Diego, 2050 Is Calling. How Will We Answer?” County of San Diego, Department of Sanitation and Flood Control. Storms in San Diego County. FEMA 2002. State and Local Mitigation Planning How-to Guide. September 2002, FEMA 386-1. FEMA 1999. HAZUS 99 Earthquake Loss Estimation Methodology User Manual-ArcView. Developed by FEMA through arrangements with National Institute of Building Sciences. Frankel, Arthur, Mueller, Charles, Barnhard, Theodore, Perkins, David, Leyendecker, E.V., Dickman, Nancy, Hanson, Stanley, and Hopper, Margaret, 1997, Seismic-hazard maps for the conterminous United States, Map C - Horizontal Peak Acceleration with 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-131- C. http://geohazards.cr.usgs.gov/eq/html/data.html Garfin, G., G. Franco, H. Blanco, A. Comrie, P. Gonzalez, T. Piechota, R. Smyth, and R. Waskom, 2014: Ch. 20: Southwest. Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment, J. M. Melillo, Terese (T.C.) Richmond, and G. W. Yohe, Eds., U.S. Global Change Research Program, 462-486. doi:10.7930/J08G8HMN. Governor’s Office of Emergency Services 2003. Interim Hazard Mitigation Planning Guidance for California Local Governments. Prepared for the DRC April 21-23, 2003. Page 500 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 310 Hawk, R.N., and Christiansen, T.P., 1991, City of San Diego Ordinances and Regulations with Respect to Geotechnical and Geological Hazards, in Environmental Perils, San Diego Region, Abbott, P.L., and Elliott, W.J., editors, San Diego Association of Geologists Higbee, Melissa, Daniel Cayan, Sam Iacobellis, Mary Tyree (2014). Report from San Diego Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Training Workshop #1: Climate Change and Hazards in San Diego. ICLEI-Local Governments for Sustainability. Accessed July 7, 2014. http://www.icleiusa.org/library/documents/training-workshop-report/view Institute for Business and Life Safety, Tampa FL, July 2008 Mega Fires: The Case for Mitigation, The Witch Creek Fire, October 21-31, 2007 IPCC, 2013: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. Leighton & Associates, 1983, Seismic Safety Study for the City of San Diego, City of San Diego General Plan Journal of San Diego History 2002. Dry Rivers, Dammed Rivers and Floods: An Early History of the Struggle Between Droughts and Floods in San Diego. Winter 2002, Volume 48, Number 1. http://www.sandiegohistory.org/journal/2002-1/hill.htm National Association of Counties April 2009. “A Snapshot of the Impact of the Recession on Large, Urban Counties”. Office of Emergency Services 2014. Unified San Diego County Emergency Services Organization Operational Area Emergency Plan. San Diego’s Changing Climate: A Regional Wake-Up Call. A Summary of the Focus 2050 Study Presented by The San Diego Foundation San Diego Natural History Museum Web Page 2003. Faults and Earthquakes in San Diego County. Thomas A. Demere, Ph.D: Curator of Paleontology. http://www.sdnhm.org/research/paleontology/sdfaults.html Sea-Level Rise for the Coasts of California, Oregon, and Washington: Past, Present, and Future (2012). http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13389 South Carolina Emergency Management Division. South Carolina Emergency Operations Plan Appendix 4 South Carolina Dam Failure and Preparedness Plan. February 2009 Stroh, Robert C. editor., 2001: Coastal processes and Engineering Geology of San Diego, California, San Diego Association of Geologists, Sunbelt Publications U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1993. Tsunamis affecting the West Coast of the United States 1806-1992. KGRD 29. Walsh, J., D. Wuebbles, K. Hayhoe, J. Kossin, K. Kunkel, G. Stephens, P. Thorne, R. Vose, M. Wehner, J. Willis, D. Anderson, S. Doney, R. Feely, P. Hennon, V. Kharin, T. Knutson, F. Landerer, T. Lenton, J. Kennedy, and R. Somerville, 2014: Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate. Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment, J. M. Melillo, Terese (T.C.) Richmond, and G. W. Yohe, Eds., U.S. Global Change Research Program, 19-67. doi:10.7930/J0KW5CXT. Page 501 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 311 APPENDIX 4. SCRIPPS INSTITUT ION OF OCEANOGRAPHY REFERENCES, UNIVERSITY OF SAN DIEGO Aguilera, R., Gershunov, A., & Benmarhnia, T. (2019). Atmospheric rivers impact California’s coastal water quality via extreme precipitation. Science of The Total Environment, 671, 488–494. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.318 Aguilera, R., Gershunov, A., Ilango, S. D., Guzman-Morales, J., & Benmarhnia, T. (2020a). Santa Ana Winds of Southern California Impact PM2.5 With and Without Smoke From Wildfires. GeoHealth, 4(1), e2019GH000225. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GH000225 Aguilera, R., Hansen, K., Gershunov, A., Ilango, S., Sheridan, P., and Benmarhnia, T. (2020). Respiratory Hospitalizations and Wildfire Smoke: A spatio-temporal analysis of an extreme firestorm in San Diego County, California. Environmental Epidemiology, 4, doi: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000114. Aguilera, R., Corringham, T., Gershunov A., and Benmarhnia, T., (2021). Wildfire smoke impacts respiratory health much more than fine particles from other sources: observational evidence from Southern California. Nature Communications. 12:1493, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21708. Aguilera, R., Corringham, T., Gershunov, A., Leibel S., and Benmarhnia, T. (2021). Fine Particles in Wildfire Smoke and Pediatric Respiratory Health in California. Pediatrics. 147(4):e2020027128. Analitis, A., Michelozzi, P., D’Ippoliti, D., de’Donato, F., Menne, B., Matthies, F., Atkinson, R. W., I&#xf1;iguez, C., Basaga&#xf1;a, X., Schneider, A., Lefranc, A., Paldy, A., Bisanti, L., & Katsouyanni, K. (2014). Effects of Heat Waves on Mortality: Effect Modification and Confounding by Air Pollutants. Epidemiology, 25(1), 15–22. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24759018 Barnard, P. L., Hoover, D., Hubbard, D. M., Snyder, A., Ludka, B. C., Allan, J., Kaminsky, G. M., Ruggiero, P., Gallien, T. W., Gabel, L., McCandless, D., Weiner, H. M., Cohn, N., Anderson, D. L., & Serafin, K. A. (2017). Extreme oceanographic forcing and coastal response due to the 2015–2016 El Niño. Nature Communications, 8, 14365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14365 Basu, R. (2009). High ambient temperature and mortality: a review of epidemiologic studies from 2001 to 2008. Environmental Health, 8(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-8- 40 Bouchama, A., Dehbi, M., Mohamed, G., Matthies, F., Shoukri, M., & Menne, B. (2007). Prognostic Factors in Heat Wave–Related Deaths: A Meta-analysis. Archives of Internal Medicine, 167(20), 2170–2176. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.167.20.ira70009 Bromirski, P. D., Miller, A. J., & Flick, R. E. (2012). Understanding North Pacific sea level trends. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 93(27), 249–251. https://doi.org/doi:10.1029/2012EO270001 Bromirski, P. D., Miller, A. J., Flick, R. E., & Auad, G. (2011). Dynamical suppression of sea level rise along the Pacific coast of North America: Indications for imminent acceleration. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 116(C7). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006759 Page 502 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 312 Burillo, D., Chester, M., Pincetl, S., Fournier, E., Reich, K., & Hall., A. (2018). Climate Change in Los Angeles County: Grid Vulnerability to Extreme Heat. In California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment. Burillo, D., Chester, M. v, Pincetl, S., Fournier, E. D., & Reyna, J. (2019). Forecasting peak electricity demand for Los Angeles considering higher air temperatures due to climate change. Applied Energy, 236, 1–9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.11.039 Cao, Q., Gershunov, A., Shulgina, T., Ralph, F. M., Sun, N., & Lettenmaier, D. P. (2020). Floods due to Atmospheric Rivers along the U.S. West Coast: The Role of Antecedent Soil Moisture in a Warming Climate. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 21(8), 1827– 1845. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-19-0242.1 Cayan, D. R., Bromirski, P. D., Hayhoe, K., Tyree, M., Dettinger, M. D., & Flick, R. E. (2008). Climate change projections of sea level extremes along the California coast. Climatic Change, 87, S57–S73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-007-9376-7 Clemesha, R. E. S., Guirguis, K., Gershunov, A., Small, I. J., & Tardy, A. (2018a). California heat waves: their spatial evolution, variation, and coastal modulation by low clouds. Climate Dynamics, 50(11), 4285–4301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-017- 3875-7 Clemesha, R. E. S., Gershunov, A., Iacobellis, S. F., & Cayan, D. R. (2017). Daily variability of California coastal low cloudiness: A balancing act between stability and subsidence. Geophysical Research Letters. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL073075 Clemesha, R. E. S., Gershunov, A., Iacobellis, S. F., Williams, A., & Cayan, D. R. (2016). The northward March of summer low cloudiness along the California coast. Geophysical Research Letters, 43(3), 1287–1295. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL067081 Corringham, T. W., Ralph, F. M., Gershunov, A., Cayan, D. R., & Talbot, C. A. (2019). Atmospheric rivers drive flood damages in the western United States. Science Advances, 5(12), eaax4631. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax4631 Crosby, S. C., Cornuelle, B. D., O’Reilly, W. C., & Guza, R. T. (2017). Assimilating Global Wave Model Predictions and Deep- Water Wave Observations in Nearshore Swell Predictions. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 34(8), 1823–1836. https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-17-0003.1 Crosby, S. C., O’Reilly, W. C., & Guza, R. T. (2016). Modeling Long-Period Swell in Southern California: Practical Boundary Conditions from Buoy Observations and Global Wave Model Predictions. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 33(8), 1673–1690. https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-16-0038.1 Dettinger, M., & Cayan, D. (2014). Drought and the California Delta—A Matter of Extremes. San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science, 12(2), 6p. https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2014v12iss2art4 Dettinger, M. D., Ralph, F. M., Das, T., Neiman, P. J., & Cayan, D. R. (2011). Atmospheric Rivers, Floods and the Water Resources of California. Water, 3(4), 445–478. https://doi.org/10.3390/w3020445 Diehl, P. (2015, October 15). Solana Beach, Encinitas OK sand replenishment. San Diego Union Tribune. http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/environment/sdut-solana- beach-encinitas-ok-sand-replenishment-2015oct15- story.html Doria, A., Guza, R. T., O’Reilly, W. C., & Yates, M. L. (2016). Observations and modeling of San Diego beaches during El Niño. Page 503 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 313 Continental Shelf Research, 124, 153–164. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2016.05.008 Fiedler, J. W., Smit, P. B., Brodie, K. L., McNinch, J., & Guza, R. T. (2018). Numerical modeling of wave runup on steep and mildly sloping natural beaches. Coastal Engineering, 131, 106–113. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2017.09.004 Fiedler, J. W., Young, A. P., Ludka, B. C., O’Reilly, W. C., Henderson, C., Merrifield, M. A., & Guza, R. T. (2020). Predicting site- specific storm wave run-up. Natural Hazards, 104(1), 493–517. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-020-04178-3 Flick, R. E. (1998). Comparison of California Tides, Storm Surges, and Sea Level During the El Niño Winters of 1982-83 and 1997- 98. Shore and Beach, 66(3), 7–11. Franklin, J. (2010). Vegetation dynamics and exotic plant invasion following high severity crown fire in a southern California conifer forest. Plant Ecology, 207(2), 281–295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-009-9672-6 Gershunov, A., Cayan, D. R., & Iacobellis, S. F. (2009). The Great 2006 Heat Wave over California and Nevada: Signal of an Increasing Trend. Journal of Climate, 22(23), 6181– 6203. https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JCLI2465.1 Gershunov, A., & Guirguis, K. (2012). California heat waves in the present and future. Geophysical Research Letters, 39(18). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL052979 Gershunov, A., Shulgina, T., Clemesha, R. E. S., Guirguis, K., Pierce, D. W., Dettinger, M. D., Lavers, D. A., Cayan, D. R., Polade, S. D., Kalansky, J., & Ralph, F. M. (2019). Precipitation regime change in Western North America: The role of Atmospheric Rivers. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 9944. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46169-w Gershunov, A., J. Guzman Morales, B. Hatchett, R. Aguilera, T. Shulgina, K. Guirguis, J. Abatzoglou, D. Cayan, D. Pierce, P. Williams, I. Small, R. Clemesha, L. Schwarz, T. Benmarhnia, A. Tardy, 2021: Hot and cold flavors of southern California’s Santa Ana winds: Their causes, trends, and links with wildfire. Climate Dynamics. DOI: 10.1007/s00382-021-05802-z. Griggs, G., Árvai, J., Cayan, D., DeConto, R., Fox, J., Fricker, H., Kopp, R., Tebaldi, C., & Whiteman, E. (2017). Rising Seas in California, An Update on Seal _level Rise Science. Guirguis, K., Basu, R., Al-Delaimy, W. K., Benmarhnia, T., Clemesha, R. E. S., Corcos, I., Guzman-Morales, J., Hailey, B., Small, I., Tardy, A., Vashishtha, D., Zivin, J. G., & Gershunov, A. (2018). Heat, disparities, and health outcomes in San Diego County’s diverse climate zones. GeoHealth, 2. https://doi.org/10.1029/ 2017GH000127 Guirguis, Kristen, Gershunov, A., Cayan, D. R., & Pierce, D. W. (2018). Heat wave probability in the changing climate of the Southwest US. Climate Dynamics, 50(9–10), 3853–3864. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-017-3850-3 Guirguis, Kristen, Gershunov, A., Tardy, A., & Basu, R. (2014). The Impact of Recent Heat Waves on Human Health in California. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 53(1), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC- D-13-0130.1 Page 504 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 314 Guzman-Morales, J., & Gershunov, A. (2019). Climate Change Suppresses Santa Ana Winds of Southern California and Sharpens Their Seasonality. Geophysical Research Letters, 46(5), 2772–2780. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL080261 Guzman-Morales, J., Gershunov, A., Theiss, J., Li, H., & Cayan, D. (2016). Santa Ana Winds of Southern California: Their climatology, extremes, and behavior spanning six and a half decades. Geophysical Research Letters, 43(6), 2827–2834. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL067887 Hamlington, B D, Cheon, S. H., Thompson, P. R., Merrifield, M. A., Nerem, R. S., Leben, R. R., & Kim, K. ‐Y. (2016). An ongoing shift in Pacific Ocean sea level. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 121(7), 5084–5097. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC011815 Hamlington, Benjamin D, Piecuch, C. G., Reager, J. T., Chandanpurkar, H., Frederikse, T., Nerem, R. S., Fasullo, J. T., & Cheon, S.- H. (2020). Origin of interannual variability in global mean sea level. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(25), 13983. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1922190117 Hughes, M., & Hall, A. (2010). Local and synoptic mechanisms causing Southern California’s Santa Ana winds. Climate Dynamics, 34(6), 847–857. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382- 009-0650-4 Iacobellis, S. F., & Cayan, D. R. (2013). The variability of California summertime marine stratus: Impacts on surface air temperatures. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 118(16), 9105–9122. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50652 Ilango, S. D., Weaver, M., Sheridan, P., Schwarz, L., Clemesha, R. E. S., Bruckner, T., Basu, R., Gershunov, A., & Benmarhnia, T. (2020). Extreme heat episodes and risk of preterm birth in California, 2005–2013. Environment International, 137, 105541. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105541 Jennings, M. K., Cayan, D., Kalansky, J., Pairis, A. D., Lawson, D. M., Syphard, A. D., Abeysekera, U., Clemesha, R. E. S., Gershunov, A., Guirguis, K., Randall, J. M., Stein, E. D., & Vanderplank, S. (2018). San Diego County Ecosystems: Ecological Impacts Of Climate Change On A Biodiversity Hotspot. In California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment, California Energy Commission. California Energy Commission. Kalansky, J., Cayan, D., Barba, K., Walsh, L., Brouwer, K., & Boudreau, D. (2018). San Diego Summary Report. California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment, Publication number: SUM-CCCA4-2018-009. Knowlton, K., Rotkin-Ellman, M., King, G., Margolis, H. G., Smith, D., Solomon, G., Trent, R., & English, P. (2009). The 2006 California Heat Wave: Impacts on Hospitalizations and Emergency Department Visits. Environmental Health Perspectives, 117(1). https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.11594 Ludka, B. C., Gallien, T. W., Crosby, S. C., & Guza, R. T. (2016). Mid‐El Niño erosion at nourished and unnourished Southern California beaches. Geophysical Research Letters, 43(9), 4510–4516. https://doi.org/doi:10.1002/2016GL068612 Ludka, B. C., Guza, R. T., & O’Reilly, W. C. (2018). Nourishment evolution and impacts at four southern California beaches: A sand volume analysis. Coastal Engineering, 136, 96–105. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2018.02.003 Page 505 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 315 Ludka, B. C., Guza, R. T., O’Reilly, W. C., Merrifield, M. A., Flick, R. E., Bak, A. S., Hesser, T., Bucciarelli, R., Olfe, C., Woodward, B., Boyd, W., Smith, K., Okihiro, M., Grenzeback, R., Parry, L., & Boyd, G. (2019). Sixteen years of bathymetry and waves at San Diego beaches. Scientific Data, 6(1), 161. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0167-6 Ludka, B. C., Guza, R. T., O’Reilly, W. C., & Yates, M. L. (2015). Field evidence of beach profile evolution toward equilibrium. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 120(11), 7574–7597. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC010893 Malig, B. J., Wu, X. (May), Guirguis, K., Gershunov, A., & Basu, R. (2019). Associations between ambient temperature and hepatobiliary and renal hospitalizations in California, 1999 to 2009. Environmental Research, 177, 108566. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2019.108566 McElroy, S., Schwarz, L., Green, H., Corcos, I., Guirguis, K., Gershunov, A., & Benmarhnia, T. (2020). Defining heat waves and extreme heat events using sub-regional meteorological data to maximize benefits of early warning systems to population health. Science of The Total Environment, 721, 137678. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137678 McEvoy, D., Pierce, D., Kalansky, J., Cayan, D., & Abatzoglou, J. (2020). Projected Changes in Reference Evapotranspiration in California and Nevada: Implications for Drought and Wildland Fire Danger. Earth’s Future. Mohegh, A., Levinson, R., Taha, H., Gilbert, H., Zhang, J., Li, Y., Tang, T., & Ban-Weiss, G. (2018). Observational Evidence of Neighborhood Scale Reductions in Air Temperature Associated with Increases in Roof Albedo. Climate, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/cli6040098 Ostro, B. D., Roth, L. A., Green, R. S., & Basu, R. (2009). Estimating the mortality effect of the July 2006 California heat wave. Environmental Research, 109(5), 614–619. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2009.03.010 Parker, V. T., Pratt, R. B., & Keeley, J. E. (2016). Chaparral editors. Ecosystems of California. . In H. Mooney & E. Zavaleta (Eds.), Ecosystems of California (Chaparral, pp. 479–507). University of California Press. Pierce, D. W., Cayan, D. R., Das, T., Maurer, E. P., Miller, N. L., Bao, Y., Kanamitsu, M., Yoshimura, K., Snyder, M. A., Sloan, L. C., Franco, G., & Tyree, M. (2013). The Key Role of Heavy Precipitation Events in Climate Model Disagreements of Future Annual Precipitation Changes in California. Journal of Climate, 26(16), 5879–5896. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00766.1 Pierce, D. W., Kalansky, J. F., & Cayan, D. (2018). Climate, Drought, and Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the Fourth California Climate Assessment. Polade, S. D., Gershunov, A., Cayan, D. R., Dettinger, M. D., & Pierce, D. W. (2017). Precipitation in a warming world: Assessing projected hydro-climate changes in California and other Mediterranean climate regions. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11285-y Polade, S. D., Pierce, D. W., Cayan, D. R., Gershunov, A., & Dettinger, M. D. (2014). The key role of dry days in changing regional climate and precipitation regimes. Scientific Reports, 4, 4364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep04364 Page 506 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 316 Schinasi, L. H., Benmarhnia, T., & de Roos, A. J. (2018). Modification of the association between high ambient temperature and health by urban microclimate indicators: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ Res, 161, 168–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.11.004 Schwartz, R. (2015). California coastal low clouds: Variability and influences across climate to weather and continental to local scales. University of California, San Diego. Schwarz L., Malig, B.J., Guzman-Morales, J., Guirguis, K., Ilango, S.D., Sheridan, P., Gershunov, A., Basu, R., and Benmarhnia, T. (2020) The health burden of fall, winter and spring heat waves in Southern California and contribution of Santa Ana Winds. Environ Res Letters. 15, 054017. Sias-Daniel, J., Jacobs, J. M., Douglas, E., Mallick, R. B., & Hayhoe, K. (2014, May 3). Impact of Climate Change on Pavement Performance: Preliminary Lessons Learned through the Infrastructure and Climate Network (ICNet). Climatic Effects on Pavement and Geotech. Syphard, A. D., Brennan, T. J., & Keeley, J. E. (2018). Chaparral Landscape Conversion in Southern California. In E. C. Underwood, H. D. Safford, N. A. Molinari, & J. E. Keeley (Eds.), Valuing Chaparral: Ecological, Socio- Economic, and Management Perspectives (pp. 323–346). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68303-4_12 Venturas, M. D., MacKinnon, E. D., Dario, H. L., Jacobsen, A. L., Pratt, R. B., & Davis, S. D. (2016). Chaparral shrub hydraulic traits, size, and life history types relate to species mortality during California’s historic drought of 2014. PloS ONE, 11(7), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159145 Williams, A. P., Abatzoglou, J. T., Gershunov, A., Guzman-Morales, J., Bishop, D. A., Balch, J. K., & Lettenmaier, D. P. (2019). Observed Impacts of Anthropogenic Climate Change on Wildfire in California. Earth’s Future, 7(8), 892–910. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001210 Williams, A. P., Cook, E. R., Smerdon, J. E., Cook, B. I., Abatzoglou, J. T., Bolles, K., Baek, S. H., Badger, A. M., & Livneh, B. (2020). Large contribution from anthropogenic warming to an emerging North American megadrought. Science, 368(6488), 314. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz9600 Williams, A. P., Seager, R., Abatzoglou, J. T., Cook, B. I., Smerdon, J. E., & Cook, E. R. (2015). Contribution of anthropogenic warming to California drought during 2012–2014. Geophysical Research Letters, 42(16), 6819–6828. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064924 Yates, M. L., Guza, R. T., & O’Reilly, W. C. (2009). Equilibrium shoreline response: Observations and modeling. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 114(C9). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JC005359 Yates, M. L., Guza, R. T., O’Reilly, W. C., Hansen, J. E., & Barnard, P. L. (2011). Equilibrium shoreline response of a high wave energy beach. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 116(C4). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006681 Young, A P, Guza, R. T., Matsumoto, H., Merrifield, M. A., O’Reilly, W. C., & Swirad, Z. M. (2021). Three years of weekly observations of coastal cliff erosion by waves and rainfall. Geomorphology, 375, 107545. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107545 Page 507 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 317 Young, A.P. (2015). Recent deep-seated coastal landsliding at San Onofre State Beach, California. Geomorphology, 228, 200–212. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.08.005 Young, A. P. (2018). Decadal-scale coastal cliff retreat in southern and central California. Geomorphology, 300, 164–175. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.10.010 Young, A. P, Raymond, J. H., Sorenson, J., Johnstone, E. A., Driscoll, N. W., Flick, R. E., & Guza, R. T. (2010). Coarse Sediment Yields from Seacliff Erosion in the Oceanside Littoral Cell. Journal of Coastal Research, 580–585. https://doi.org/10.2112/08- 1179.1 Zetler, B. D., & Flick, R. E. (1985). Predicted Extreme High Tides for Mixed-Tide Regimes. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 15(3), 357–359. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520- 0485(1985)015<0357:pehtfm>2.0.co;2 Page 508 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 318 APPENDIX 5. SURVEY RESULTS FOR SD MULTIJURISDICTIONAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN REVISION There were 500 respondents for this anonymous survey. Of those respondents: • 182 provided their e-mail address QUESTION 1 All the 500 Respondents provided the cities or communities in which they live and work. Although there were respondents from all areas of the county: • 11% of respondents claimed East County residency • 59% of respondents claimed North County residency • 30% of respondents claimed Central and Western County residency QUESTION 2 Would you prefer emergency messages in a language other than English? • 7% - Yes • 93% - No QUESTION 3 If ordered to evacuate, how much time would you require? • 23% - 30 minutes or less • 39% - 30 minutes to one hour • 27% - one hour to two hours • 11% - greater than two hours QUESTION 4 Have you developed a personal disaster plan? • 17% - Yes, for myself • 35% - Yes, for myself and others • 48% - No QUESTION 5 Have you ever experienced or been impacted by a disaster? • 45% - Yes • 55% - No Page 509 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 319 QUESTION 6 If yes [to Question 5], please explain. • 226 Responses QUESTION 7 Have you taken any actions to make your home, business, or neighborhood more resistant to hazards? • 54% - Yes • 46% - No QUESTION 8 If yes [to Question 7], please explain. • 257 Responses QUESTION 9 Have you accessed the online “Know Your Hazards” tool to determine what types of disasters are most likely to occur in your community? • 24% - Yes • 76% - No QUESTION 10 Please select one hazard you think is the highest threat to your neighborhood. • 49.49% - Structure/Wild Land Fires • 23.34% - Earthquake • 4.62% - Drought • 5.63% - Climate change • 2.21% - Coastal Storms/Erosion • 0.20% - Tsunami • 4.02% - Extreme heat • 1.40% - Pandemic • 0.20% - Landslide • 0.60% - Severe Winter Storm • 0.20% - Terrorism • 1.40% - Extreme Wind • 0.60% - Nuclear accident • 0.20% - Hazardous Materials Incident • 0.60% - Dam Failure Page 510 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 320 • 0.80% - Flood • 0.60% - Oil or Gas line failure • 0.40% - Liquefaction. • 3.21% - Other QUESTION 11 Please select one hazard you think is the second highest threat to your neighborhood. • 16.22% - Structure/Wild Land Fires • 30.22% - Earthquake • 11.56% - Drought • 11.56% - Climate change • 1.41% - Coastal Storms/Erosion • 1.21% - Tsunami • 4.26% - Extreme heat • 3.04% - Pandemic • 2.23% - Landslide • 1.62% - Severe Winter Storm • 1.62% - Terrorism • 4.05% - Extreme Wind • 1.41% - Nuclear accident • 0.81% - Hazardous Materials Incident • 0.20% - Dam Failure • 1.62% - Flood • 2.43% - Oil or Gas line failure • 0.00% - Liquefaction. • 2.83% - Other QUESTION 12 What is the most effective way for you to receive information about how to make your home, business, or neighborhood more resistant to hazards? • 0.08% - Newspaper • 44.64% - Email • 4.24% - Television • 3.43% - Public Workshops/Meetings • 1.01% - Radio • 20.40% - Internet • 7.27% - Mail • 11.31% - Social Media Page 511 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 321 • 6.86% - Other QUESTION 13 Have you hardened your home against flying embers? • 31% - Yes • 69% - No QUESTION 14 Have you created defensible space around your home? • 54% - Yes • 25% - No • 20% - N/A QUESTION 15 Have you designated an emergency contact outside of your home if the family should become separated? • 57% - Yes • 43% - No QUESTION 16 Have you been trained in First Aid and CPR? • 60% - Yes, both First Aid and CPR • 4% - Yes, just First Aid • 11% - Yes, just CPR • 25% - No QUESTION 17 Do you keep extra prescription drugs on hand in the case of an emergency? • 57% - Yes • 43% - No QUESTION 18 Do you know how to protect yourself and others from being exposed to a virus? • 96% - Yes • 4% - No Page 512 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 322 QUESTION 19 Are you familiar with the services offered at a Family Assistance Center following a mass casualty incident? • 21% - Yes • 79% - No QUESTION 20 How likely are you to stay in an emergency shelter following a disaster? • 4% - Definitely • 9% - Very Probably • 22% - Probably • 59% - Probably Not • 6% - Definitely Not QUESTION 21 Are you aware of how to safely dispose of household hazardous waste in your home? (i.e., used oil, old batteries, expired pesticides) • 82% - Yes • 18% - No QUESTION 22 Has a Wireless Emergency Alert on your mobile phone ever made you take an emergency action? • 38% - Yes • 62% - No QUESTION 23 Have you ever contacted 9-1-1? • 68% - Yes, by phone • <1% - Yes, by text • 1% - Yes, by phone and text • 31% - No QUESTION 24 Do you know how to shut off the gas, electricity, and water to your home following an earthquake? • 68% - Yes Page 513 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 323 • 32% - No QUESTION 25 Do you have an emergency go-kit? • 51% - Yes • 49% - No QUESTION 26 Do you have enough supplies to shelter in place at home for three days without functioning utilities? • 80% - Yes • 20% - No QUESTION 27 Have you downloaded SD Emergency, the County’s disaster preparedness mobile application? • 49% - Yes • 51% - No QUESTION 28 Have you registered your mobile phone and email for AlertSanDiego, the County’s regional mass notification system? • 73% - Yes • 27% - No QUESTION 29 Do you feel prepared to cope with the aftermath of disasters? • 59% - Yes • 41% - No QUESTION 30 Do you have an emergency action plan which includes details for handling pets, large animals, and livestock? • 36% - Yes, just for pets • 5% - Yes, for pets, large animals, and livestock • 1% - No, for large animals and livestock • 21% - No Page 514 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 324 • 37% - I do not have animals QUESTION 31 Have you located two places where you can send or safely evacuate your pets? • 37% - Yes • 63% - No QUESTION 32 Have you identified at least two places to meet in the event of an emergency: near the home and outside the immediate area? • 38% - Yes • 62% - No QUESTION 33 Do you know the difference between an “Evacuation Warning” and an “Evacuation Order”? • 90% - Yes • 10% - No QUESTION 34 How likely are you to evacuate if you receive an “Evacuation Warning” which directs you to prepare to evacuate and to evacuate early? • 22% - Definitely • 31% - Very Probably • 29% - Probably • 16% - Probably Not • 2% - Definitely Not QUESTION 35 How likely are you to evacuate if you receive an “Evacuation Order” which directs you to evacuate immediately? • 75% - Definitely • 17% - Very Probably • 6% - Probably • 2% - Probably Not • <1% - Definitely Not Page 515 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 325 QUESTION 36 In your opinion, what are some steps your local government could take to reduce or eliminate the risk of future hazard damages? • 284 Respondents QUESTION 37 Are there any other issues regarding the reduction of risk and loss associated with hazards or disasters in the community that you think are important? • 188 Respondents QUESTION 38 If you are interested in receiving an invitation to a public meeting to review the results of this survey, please provide you email below? • 188 Respondents Page 516 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 326 APPENDIX 6 . MEETINGS MEETING 1. HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN ORIENTATION MEETING September 2019 / Time / Location 1. Introductions / Welcome 2. Overview of the Mitigation Plan 3. Review of Planning Process a. Current Scheduled Meetings b. Due Dates 4. Overview of new Mitigation Tools a. SurveyMonkey FEMA Worksheets b. Action Plan Assessments c. Hazard Mitigation Action Tracker 5. City / Jurisdiction Specific Planning 6. County Resilience Program 7. Changes to be Instituted 8. Questions / Comments 9. Adjourn MEETING 2. NAME JURISDICTION/ AGENCY EMAIL INITIAL Johnson, Donna PHPR Donna.Johnson3@sdcounty.ca.gov X Nissen, Dave SD County Fire Authority Dave.Nissen@fire.ca.gov Prus, Lisa SDCWA lprus@sdcwa.org X Millstein, Mel LUEG Mel.Millstein@sdcounty.ca.gov Efird, Robert PDS robert.efird@sdcounty.ca.gov Nicoletti, Vince PDS Vince.Nicoletti@sdcounty.ca.gov George, Richard Sheriff’s EPD Richard.George@sdsheriff.org Willis, Cleve Sheriff’s EPD Cleve.Willis@sdsheriff.org Files, Shannon Sheriff’s EPD Shannon.Files@sdsheriff.org Batchelor, Jason PDS Jason.Batchelor@sdcounty.ca.gov Dawes, Ian PDS Ian.Dawes@sdcounty.ca.gov Burton, Todd HIRT Todd.Burton@sdcounty.ca.gov X Agahi, Sara DPW (Flood Control) Sara.Agahi@sdcounty.ca.gov X Isabel Corcos PHS Isabel.Corcos@sdcounty.ca.gov X Rob Sills PHPR Robert.Sills@sdcounty.ca.gov X Audrey Hamiliton PDS Audrey.Hamilton@sdcounty.ca.gov Craig Shaffer SD County Fire Authority Craig.Schaffer@sdcounty.ca.gov Page 517 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 327 MEETING 3. MULTI-JURISDICTION HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN UPDATE 2018 WORKING GROUP MEETING # 4 MEETING 4. NAME JURISDICTION/ AGENCY EMAIL INITIAL Walter Amedee National City wamedee@nationalcityca.go v Marlon King Chula Vista mking@chulavistaca.gov Susy Turnbull Poway sturnbull@poway.org X Jamie Smith Vista jsmith@ci.vista.ca.us Andy McKellar El Cajon, La Mesa, Lemon Grove amckellar@heartlandfire.net Corina Jimenez Encinitas, Del Mar, Solana Beach cjimen@encinitasca.gov X Patricia Letts Encinitas, Del Mar, Solana Beach pletts@cosb.org X Lois Yum Encinitas, Del Mar, Solana Beach lyum@encinitasca.gov X NAME JURISDICTION/ AGENCY TELEPHONE EMAIL Ryan DeHart County of San Diego OES 858-565-5590 ryan.dehart@sdcounty.ca. gov Walter Amedee National City 619-207-7342 wamedee@nationalcityca. gov Marlon King Chula Vista 619-737-6477 mking@chulavistaca.gov Susy Turnbull Poway 619-630-6778 sturnbull@poway.org Jamie Mott Vista 619-672-9376 jsmith@ci.vista.ca.us Andy McKellar El Cajon, La Mesa, Lemon Grove 619-227-2897 amckellar@heartlandfire.n et Corina Jimenez Encinitas, Del Mar, Solana Beach 760-519-7959 cjimen@encinitasca.gov Sarah Gordon SD County Communications Office sarah.gordon@sdcopunty. ca.gov Dave Pender San Marcos 760-533-1634 dpender@san-marcos.net David Harrison Carlsbad 760-484-0247 David.Harrison@carlsbadc a.gov John Garlow Santee 619-871-9910 Jgarlow@cityofsanteeca.g ov Perry Peake Coronado 619-726-7829 ppeake@coronado.ca.us Jeff Murdock Escondido 760-703-3046 jmurdock@escondido.org John French Imperial Beach 619-423-8225 jfrench@imperialbeachca. gov Neil Anderson Oceanside 760-518-1877 nanderson@ci.oceanside.c a.us Yvette LaDuke Tsunami Alex Tardy Storm / Tsunami / Wildfire Page 518 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 328 NAME JURISDICTION/ AGENCY EMAIL INITIAL Clem Brown Encinitas, Del Mar, Solana Beach cbrown@delmar.ca.us X Rimga Viskanta Encinitas, Del Mar, Solana Beach rviskanta@cosb.org X Dave Pender San Marcos dpender@san-marcos.net Don Rawson Carlsbad Don.rawson@carlsbadca.go v X David Harrison Carlsbad David.Harrison@carlsbadca. gov Justin Matsushita Santee jmatsushita@cityofsanteeca. gov DeVerna Rogers Santee Drogers@cityofsanteeca.gov Hannah Chasteene San Diego Hchasteene@sandiego.gov X Eugene Ruzzini San Diego Eruzzini@sandiego.gov Jeffrey Terwilliger Coronado Jterwilliger@coronado.ca.us Jeff Murdock Escondido jmurdock@escondido.org X John French Imperial Beach jfrench@imperialbeachca.go v X David Parsons Oceanside Dparsons@oceansideca.org Pete Lawrence Oceanside Plawrence@oceansideca.or g Brown, Matt Port of San Diego ctesoro@portofsandiego.org X Croucher, Gary San Miguel FPD gcroucher@smgfire.org Fred Cox Rancho Santa FE FPD Cox@rsf.fire.org McBroom, Jason Alpine FPD jmcbroom@alpinefire.org X Villarreal, Leonard San Miguel FPD lvilarreal@smgfire.org Larry Costello Padre Dam MWD lcostello@padre.org X Dambach, Dan Vista Irrigation District ddambach@vid-h2o.org Levion, Diana Padre Dam MWD dlevin@padre.org Del Bosque, Erick Sweetwater Authority edelbosque@sweetwater.org Olson, Gabriela Valley Center MWD golson@vcmwd.org Prus. Lisa SDCWA lprus@sdcwa.org Sorce, Lisa Padre Dam MWD lsorce@padre.org Williams, Dennis Valley Center MWD dwilliams@vcmwd.org Woolslayer, Trisha Vallecitos WD twoolslayer@vwd.org Pedrazzi, Ed Vallecitos WD epedrazzi@vwd.org Newman, Richard Alpine Union School District rnewman@alpineschools.net Page 519 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 329 MEETING 7. 1/11/2021 NAME JURISDICTION/ AGENCY EMAIL INITIAL Ponce, Cruz CalOES Cruz.Ponce@caloes.ca.gov X McCready-Hoover, Karen CalOES Karen.McCready- Hoover@CalOES.ca.gov X LaMar-Haas, Victoria CalOES Victoria.LaMar-Haas@CalOES.ca.gov Landry, Carly CalOES Carly.Landry@CalOES.ca.gov Sutkus, Adam CalOES Adam.Sutkus@caloes.ca.gov Riley Kelly CalOES Kelly.Riley@CalOES.ca.gov Flores, Salvador Imperial County Salvadorflores@co.imperial.ca.us Brown, Ethan Orange County etbrown@ocsd.org Phelps, Nikki DHS andrea.phelps@hq.dhs.gov X Mielish, Robert DHS robert.mielish@hq.dhs.gov X Liu, Xing FEMA Region 9 xing.liu@fema.dhs.gov Tardy, Alex NWS / NOAA alexander.tardy@noaa.gov Anna Lowe SANDAG Anna.Lowe@sandag.org X Ian Clampett Scripps Oceanography iclampett@ucsd.edu Page 520 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 330 MEETING 11. 4/12/2021 Full Name Jurisdiction/Agency Timestamp DeHart, Ryan County of San Diego OES 4/12/2021, 12:55:26 PM Files, Shannon San Diego County Sheriff’s Department 4/12/2021, 12:56:21 PM Khalili, Mehdi San Diego County Flood Control 4/12/2021, 12:56:31 PM Johnson, Donna L County of San Diego PHS 4/12/2021, 12:58:15 PM Schmid, Matthew County of San Diego DPW 4/12/2021, 12:58:36 PM Burton, Todd San Diego County HIRT 4/12/2021, 12:58:50 PM Schaffer, Craig San Diego County Finance & General Government Group 4/12/2021, 12:59:19 PM Agahi, Sara San Diego County Flood Control 4/12/2021, 1:00:35 PM Madrid, Michael County of San Diego PDS 4/12/2021, 1:01:02 PM Prus, Lisa San Diego County Water Authority 4/12/2021, 1:09:21 PM Julien, Jo Ann County of San Diego PHS 4/12/2021, 1:09:36 PM MEETING 12. 4/26/2022 NAME JURISDICTION/AGENCY EMAIL INITIAL Walter Amedee National City wamedee@nationalcityca.gov Marlon King Chula Vista mking@chulavistaca.gov Susy Turnbull Poway sturnbull@poway.org Jamie Smith Vista jsmith@ci.vista.ca.us Andy McKellar El Cajon, La Mesa, Lemon Grove amckellar@heartlandfire.net Corina Jimenez Encinitas, Del Mar, Solana Beach cjimen@encinitasca.gov X Patricia Letts Encinitas, Del Mar, Solana Beach pletts@cosb.org X Lois Yum Encinitas, Del Mar, Solana Beach lyum@encinitasca.gov X Clem Brown Encinitas, Del Mar, Solana Beach cbrown@delmar.ca.us X Rimga Viskanta Encinitas, Del Mar, Solana Beach rviskanta@cosb.org X Dave Pender San Marcos dpender@san-marcos.net X Don Rawson Carlsbad Don.rawson@carlsbadca.gov X David Harrison Carlsbad David.Harrison@carlsbadca.gov Justin Matsushita Santee jmatsushita@cityofsanteeca.gov DeVerna Rogers Santee DRogers@cityofsanteeca.gov Hannah Chasteene San Diego HChasteene@sandiego.gov X Eugene Ruzzini San Diego ERuzzini@sandiego.gov Jeffrey Terwilliger Coronado Jterwilliger@coronado.ca.us Jeff Murdock Escondido jmurdock@escondido.org John French Imperial Beach jfrench@imperialbeachca.gov X Russ Cunningham Oceanside RCunningham@oceansideca.org David Parsons Oceanside DParsons@oceansideca.org Page 521 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 331 Pete Lawrence Oceanside PLawrence@oceansideca.org David Foster Port of San Diego dfoster@portofsandiego.org X Tesoro, Cid Port of San Diego ctesoro@portofsandiego.org Croucher, Gary San Miguel FPD gcroucher@smgfire.org Fred Cox Rancho Santa FE FPD Cox@rsf.fire.org McBroom, Jason Alpine FPD jmcbroom@alpinefire.org X Villarreal, Leonard San Miguel FPD lvilarreal@smgfire.org Larry Costello Padre Dam MWD lcostello@padre.org X Dambach, Dan Vista Irrigation District ddambach@vid-h2o.org Levion, Diana Padre Dam MWD dlevin@padre.org Del Bosque, Erick Sweetwater Authority edelbosque@sweetwater.org Olson, Gabriela Valley Center MWD golson@vcmwd.org Prus. Lisa SDCWA lprus@sdcwa.org Sorce, Lisa Padre Dam MWD lsorce@padre.org Williams, Dennis Valley Center MWD dwilliams@vcmwd.org Woolslayer, Trisha Vallecitos WD twoolslayer@vwd.org Pedrazzi, Ed Vallecitos WD epedrazzi@vwd.org Newman, Richard Alpine Union School District rnewman@alpineschools.net Seifts, Rena Ramona School District rseifts@ramonausd.net Page 522 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 332 MEETING 15. CMP #7 AGENDA: 10/20/2021 @ 10 AM INTRODUCTION 1. HAZUS DATA 2. FEMA WORK SHEET 5.1 3. COUNTY OF SD HAZMIT TRACKER 4. FEMA LOCAL PLAN REVIEW TOOL 5. PUBLIC FEEDBACK 6. UPDATED DEADLINES 7. QUESTIONS 8. ASSIGNMENT RECAP Page 523 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 333 HAZUS DATA • The LUEG GIS Team created an excel file showing the counts of different types of critical facilities that fall within the boundaries of each jurisdiction: <<Preliminary_Critical_Facilities_Counts_By_Jurisdiction_10192021.xlsx>> • The LUEG GIS Team also created a web map that shows all the participating jurisdictions and hazards across the county. It includes layers for: o Wildfire o Earthquakes o Floods o Coastal Erosion o Tsunamis o Dam Failures o Landslides and o Soil Liquefaction The web map can be accessed via this link- Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Map: https://gis- portal.sandiegocounty.gov/arcgis/home/webmap/viewer.html?webmap=44d3eaf08e9d441 3832a685b721f26cc. • Current top 5 hazards listed in the 2018 HazMit Plan are: Fire Hazardous Materials Release Flood Earthquake Manmade Hazards (Human Caused Hazards) Assignment: Send me your input for top 5 County-wide Hazard rankings before our next County planning meeting (will be scheduled for the beginning of January 2022). FEMA WORK SHEET 5.1 • Worksheet 5.1 SD County.docx Page 524 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 334 COUNTY OF SD HAZMIT TRACKER • This tool mirrors the Goals, Objectives and Actions listed in Section 5 of the current Plan, and will enable us to efficiently update the Plan as a Team • These goals are needed to get our plan approved by Cal OES and FEMA • Assignment: o Review the “Objectives” and determine whether your department is responsible for an "Action" o Then, type your name or the responsible party's name and organization in the "Lead/Support" section. Multiple names/departments can be listed, just please to be sure to associate the person's name with their department. This will make it easy for OES, Cal OES or FEMA to contact someone directly if there is a question or clarification needed during the Plan's approval or revision process. o Last, determine then type whether the "Action" is new to the 2023 plan, existing from the 2018 plan or can be consolidated with another "Objective" or "Action" o Please complete this assignment by our next meeting date in January FEMA LOCAL PLAN REVIEW TOOL • Demonstrates how our Hazard Mitigation Plan meets regulations and enables Cal OES and FEMA to provide us with detailed feedback • This tool also has HazMit Training, Guidance and Resources. • Assignment: Please review this document and get familiar with the elements by our next meeting PUBLIC FEEDBACK • New format and scheduled date/time is pending. UPDATED DEADLINES • Planning Meeting #4 with jurisdictions is next Tuesday, 10/26 @ 9AM-10 PM. • County Planning Meeting #8 is tentative for early January. • Cal OES HazMit Funding Training tentative for April 11th. • Our goal is to submit the Hazmit plan for Cal OES and FEMA approval by early June 2022. QUESTIONS • Any final questions? ASSIGNMENT RECAP • Dominique will send an email after this meeting with this agenda, attachments and other documents we discussed so you have all the information and tentative deadlines available. Page 525 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 335 MEETING 16. 10/26/2021 Full Name Jurisdiction/Agency Timestamp Fonseca, Dominique County of San Diego OES 10/26/2021, 8:58:20 AM Ackerman, Shannon County of San Diego DPLU 10/26/2021, 8:58:20 AM Jamie Smith Vista 10/26/2021, 8:58:20 AM Katelynn Rise (Guest) Oceanside 10/26/2021, 8:58:20 AM Corina Jimenez Del Mar/Encinitas/Solana Beach 10/26/2021, 8:58:23 AM Susy Turnbull Poway 10/26/2021, 8:58:50 AM Zubel, Nicholas County of San Diego OES 10/26/2021, 8:59:02 AM Don Rawson Carlsbad 10/26/2021, 8:59:05 AM Allen, Tiffany San Diego 10/26/2021, 8:59:26 AM David Foster Port of San Diego 10/26/2021, 8:59:27 AM Jeff Murdock - Escondido (Guest) Escondido 10/26/2021, 8:59:51 AM Castellanos, Marielena County of San Diego OES 10/26/2021, 8:59:57 AM Clement Brown Del Mar 10/26/2021, 9:00:33 AM Pender, David San Marcos 10/26/2021, 9:00:57 AM Andolina, Robert County of San Diego OES 10/26/2021, 9:01:04 AM Walter Amedee (Guest) National City 10/26/2021, 9:01:09 AM Russ Cunningham (Guest) Oceanside 10/26/2021, 9:01:15 AM Andy McKellar (Guest) El Cajon/La Mesa/Lemon Grove 10/26/2021, 9:02:11 AM Anna Lowe SANDAG 10/26/2021, 9:02:17 AM Cid Tesoro Port of San Diego 10/26/2021, 9:02:45 AM Dawes, Ian County of San Diego PDS 10/26/2021, 9:02:47 AM Robles, Michael County of San Diego OES 10/26/2021, 9:02:48 AM Batchelor, Jason County of San Diego PDS 10/26/2021, 9:02:52 AM Ponce, Cruz@Caloes CalOES 10/26/2021, 9:02:52 AM Prus, Lisa San Diego County Water Authority 10/26/2021, 9:03:35 AM Thomlison, Nicholas County of San Diego OES 10/26/2021, 9:04:40 AM Rimga Viskanta Encinitas/Del Mar/Solana Beach 10/26/2021, 9:06:07 AM Larry Costello Padre Dam MWD 10/26/2021, 9:06:33 AM Page 526 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 336 Full Name Jurisdiction/Agency Timestamp Lois Yum Encinitas/Del Mar/Solana Beach 10/26/2021, 9:07:46 AM Marie Jones-Kirk Carlsbad 10/26/2021, 9:13:54 AM Page 527 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 337 MEETING 19. SAN DIEGO COUNTY PLANNING MEETING #8 January 19, 2022 • 2:00 PM – 3:00 PM AGENDA 1. Welcome and Introductions 2. Survey Details a. Current Translation Status b. Timeline and Document Location 3. Assignments a. SD County OES Worksheet 6.1/6.2 Guidance b. Deadlines and Worksheet Submission 4. Funding Opportunities a. NOI Deadlines b. BRIC Technical Assistance Application 5. Action Items, Follow-Up Meetings, and Schedule a. HAZMIT Planning Team Meeting Timeline b. County OES Actions/Deadlines 6. Round Table/Questions 7. Adjourn PARTICPANT LIST Carl Quiram, Sweetwater Authority Prus, Lisa, San Diego County Water Authority Emilyn Zuniga, Otay Water District Ed Pedrazzi, Vallecitos Water District Jason McBroom, Alpine Fire Protection District Lisa Coburn-Boyd, Otay Water District Kelly, Meghan, County of San Diego Land Use & Environment Group Schmid, Matthew, County of San Diego DPW Susy Turnbull, City of Poway Charmaine Esnard, Rainbow Municipal Water District Rubalcava, Eric, San Diego County Water Authority Herbon, Goldamer, City of Oceanside Jason McBroom, Alpine Fire Protection District Dan Hayes, Sweetwater Authority Alex Tardy, NOAA NWS Clay Clifton, Sweetwater Authority Mares, Marco, San Diego County Parks and Recreation Page 528 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 338 MEETING 20. SAN DIEGO COUNTY PLANNING MEETING #5 February 1, 2022 • 3:00 PM – 4:00 PM AGENDA AND SCRIPT 1. Welcome a. Questions or concerns before we start. b. This meeting will be recorded. 2. Public Feedback Survey/Advertisement Update a. Working with the County Communications Office to publish the outreach survey and a County News article by the end of next week. I will provide you all details after I meet with our Communications Officer. 3. Assignments a. FEMA Worksheet 6.1/6.2 Wrap-up i. Worksheets 6.1 and 6.2 are due by today. If you need more time, please let me know. ii. Any questions or concerns related to Worksheets 6.1 or 6.2. b. FOUO Attachment A i. Last Friday, I sent some jurisdictions an email regarding the FOUO portion of the HazMit Plan called “Attachment.” Some folks experienced issues opening that email so please let me know if you need me to resent the material. ii. If you received the email regarding Attachment A, you will need to create your own FOUO portion of your annex or consolidate the FOUO portions into your annex in a manner that can be shared publicly. Any questions about Attachment A assignments? c. Start Task 7: FEMA Work Sheets 7.1/7.2 i. Task 7 will help us keep the plan current and provide an update on the 2018 Goals, Objectives and Actions/priority projects. ii. 7.1- Mitigation Action Progress report form. Need to complete one form for each action/project identified in the 2018 plan and annexes your department or jurisdiction was responsible for. The bottom of the sheet has a summary that will provide Cal OES and FEMA with the documentation they need. iii. 7.2- only need to complete one form for your department or jurisdiction. This form walks you and your planning team through update considerations including plan maintenance procedures. iv. Questions? 4. Funding and Training Opportunities a. HMGP NOI Deadline extension (2/15/22) b. Cal OES Sub-Application Development Series: Advanced Assistance Webinar Dates i. All invitation information on our SharePoint site: https://sdcountycagov.sharepoint.com/sites/ExternalOESHub/HazardMitigation Page 529 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 339 ii. Sub-applications due 4/8/22 c. PrepCA State Initiative i. PrepCA Jump Start: $15 million in state funding to assist eligible socially vulnerable and high hazard risk communities create resiliency through capacity building, mitigation, preparedness activities, education, response / recovery and/or future project scoping. 1. Proposals are due to Cal OES via email on 2/28/21. ii. Prepare California Match under FEMA Hazard Mitigation Grant Program: additional $255 million in federal funding for FEMA hazard mitigation activities and projects benefiting eligible socially vulnerable and high hazard risk communities, and reduce risk to loss of life and property from natural hazards. 1. NOIs due to Cal OES on 2/15/22. iii. Information and additional resources are available on the Cal OES HMGP webpage and in the Revised 2021 Notice of Funding Opportunity.pdf iv. Prepare California Funding Opportunity Webinar on 2/3/22 at 11 AM. 1. Information posted on our SharePoint site. 5. Action Items, Follow-Up Meetings, and Schedule a. Deadlines i. Complete all worksheets and FOUO Attachment A (if applicable to your jurisdiction) up to 7.1 and 7.2 by the next OA Planning Meeting ii. Start planning methods for elected officials’ briefings – should occur after UDC adoption of the updated plan which is anticipated on April 21st but is subject to change. b. Next Meetings i. OA Planning Meeting #6: March 7th ii. OA Planning Meeting #7: April 6th iii. Time for both is to be determined but I will be sending you all invites this week. iv. Final OA Planning Meeting is tentative for the end of April or beginning of May. This will be when we should have our final draft complete and ready for final edits. *Download/Save the meeting attendee list – click the 3 dots at the top next to the comment and people icons. 6. Round Table/Questions 7. Adjourn Page 530 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 340 ATTENDANCE LIST Full Name Jurisdiction/Agency Timestamp Andolina, Robert County of San Diego OES 2/1/2022, 2:51:50 PM Khalili, Mehdi County of San Diego DPW 2/1/2022, 2:51:50 PM Ackerman, Shannon (DPLU) County of San Diego DPLU 2/1/2022, 2:56:48 PM Emilyn Zuniga Otay Water District 2/1/2022, 2:56:58 PM Don Rawson Carlsbad 2/1/2022, 2:58:00 PM Jeffrey Terwilliger County of San Diego EMS 2/1/2022, 2:58:08 PM Jeff Murdock - Escondido (Guest) Escondido 2/1/2022, 2:58:09 PM Alisa Nichols Vista Irrigation District 2/1/2022, 2:58:10 PM David Parsons Oceanside 2/1/2022, 2:58:19 PM Zubel, Nicholas County of San Diego OES 2/1/2022, 2:59:28 PM Andy McKellar (Guest) El Cajon/La Mesa/Lemon Grove 2/1/2022, 2:59:33 PM Dan Hayes (Guest) Sweetwater Authority 2/1/2022, 2:59:34 PM Lois Yum Del Mar/Encinitas/Solan a Beach 2/1/2022, 2:59:40 PM (Intern) Tam, Patricia@CalOES CalOES 2/1/2022, 2:59:48 PM Labra, Phillip@CalOES CalOES 2/1/2022, 3:00:37 PM Rimga Viskanta Del Mar/Encinitas/Solan a Beach 2/1/2022, 3:00:42 PM Corina Jimenez Del Mar/Encinitas/Solan a Beach 2/1/2022, 3:00:45 PM Madrid, Michael County of San Diego PDS 2/1/2022, 3:00:45 PM Pender, David San Marcos 2/1/2022, 3:00:55 PM Fonseca, Dominique County of San Diego OES 2/1/2022, 3:00:57 PM Herbon, Goldamer San Diego County Water Authority 2/1/2022, 3:01:05 PM Castellanos, Marielena County of San Diego OES 2/1/2022, 3:01:11 PM Russ Cunningham (Guest) Oceanside 2/1/2022, 3:01:12 PM Ayers, Barbara County of San Diego OES 2/1/2022, 3:01:22 PM Susy Turnbull Poway 2/1/2022, 3:01:26 PM Page 531 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 341 Full Name Jurisdiction/Agency Timestamp Prus, Lisa San Diego County Water Authority 2/1/2022, 3:01:28 PM Katelynn Rise (Guest) County of San Diego Oceanside 2/1/2022, 3:01:28 PM Burton, Todd County of San Diego DEHQ 2/1/2022, 3:01:31 PM Lubich, Marcus County of San Diego Parks & Recreation 2/1/2022, 3:01:32 PM Mares, Marco County of San Diego Parks & Recreation 2/1/2022, 3:02:05 PM Clement Brown Del Mar 2/1/2022, 3:02:12 PM Johnson, Donna L County of San Diego PHS 2/1/2022, 3:02:36 PM Schmid, Matthew County of San Diego DPW 2/1/2022, 3:03:00 PM Thomlison, Nicholas County of San Diego OES 2/1/2022, 3:05:13 PM Walter Amedee (Guest) National City 2/1/2022, 3:10:13 PM Rea, Stephen County of San Diego OES 2/1/2022, 3:13:05 PM David Foster Port of San Diego 2/1/2022, 3:15:52 PM Jander, Chelsea County of San Diego Parks & Recreation 2/1/2022, 3:17:44 PM Page 532 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 342 MEETING 21. SAN DIEGO COUNTY PLANNING MEETING #9 February 11, 2022 • 10:00 AM – 11:00 AM AGENDA 8. Welcome 9. Public Feedback Survey/Advertisement Update 10. Assignments a. FEMA Worksheet 6.1/6.2 Wrap-up b. Start Task 7: FEMA Work Sheets 7.1/7.2 11. Funding and Training Opportunities a. NOI Deadline b. BRIC Technical Assistance Application c. PrepCA State Initiative d. Cal OES Sub-Application Development Series: Advanced Assistance Webinar Dates 12. Action Items, Follow-Up Meetings, and Schedule a. Deadlines b. Next Meeting Release 13. Round Table/Questions 14. Adjourn Page 533 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda APPENDICES 343 MEETING 23. SAN DIEGO OA PLANNING MEETING #6 March 7, 2022 • 1:00 PM – 2:00 PM AGENDA 15. Welcome 16. Public Feedback Survey Results 17. Assignments a. FEMA Work Sheets 7.1/7.2 Wrap-up/Final Questions b. Start final FEMA Work Sheet (8.1) c. Finalize Updated Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Draft and all Annex edits 18. Funding and Training Opportunities a. PrepCA State Initiative b. Cal OES Sub-Application Development Series: Advanced Assistance Webinars 19. Action Items, Follow-Up Meetings, and Schedule c. Deadlines d. Next Meeting e. Next Steps 20. Round Table/Questions 21. Adjourn ADDITIONAL PROOF OF ALL PARTICIPANT PARTICIPATION IN THE PLANNING PROCESS WAS COMPILED AND PROVIDED TO CAL OES AND FEMA. THIS PROOF HAS SENSITIVE CONTACT INFORMATION AND INCLUDES, BUT IS NOT LIMITED TO, PROOF OF VIRTUAL AND/OR IN-PERSON ONE-ON-ONE CALLS/MEETINGS/APPOINTMENTS, PARTICIPATION IN QUESTION & ANSWER SESSIONS, AND EMAILS. Page 534 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan: City of Chula Vista Annex San Diego County, California March 2023 Page 535 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda i This page is intentionally left blank. Page 536 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 2 1. SECTION ONE: Determine the Planning Area and Resources 1.1. Planning Area: City of Chula Vista The city of Chula Vista is the second-largest city in San Diego County, with a population of 275,487, and the 21st largest of 450 California cities. Geographically, Chula Vista is comprised of more than 50 square miles of coastal landscape, canyons, rolling hills, and mountains. Chula Vista extends from the San Diego Bay on the west to the Otay Lake and Otay Mountain the in east. Chula Vista is located just over seven miles from U.S. international border of Mexico. Chula Vista is considered to have a semi-arid climate with Mediterranean characteristics. As with the rest of California, Southern California in particular, the City of Chula Vista is affected by increasingly warmer temperatures. Chula Vista is home to an estimated 44% of all businesses in the South Bay and continues to be one of the fastest growing cities in San Diego County. Chula Vista ranks among the nation's top ten governments in terms of employee productivity and local debt levels. Two of the larger developments in the City of Chula Vista will include the new Chula Vista Bayfront and the University Innovation District. Chula Vista is also home of the Elite Athlete Training Center, a 155-acre training center for Olympic & Paralympic athletes. The Sweetwater Union High School District (largest secondary school district in California), the Chula Vista Elementary School District (49 schools), and Southwestern Community College also reside within the city of Chula Vista. 1.2. Community Rating System Requirements The Community Rating System (CRS) is a FEMA program and rewards communities that go beyond the minimum standards for floodplain management under the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). Communities can potentially improve their Community Rating System and lower NFIP premiums by developing a CRS Plan. Community Rating System (CRS) Planning Steps Local Mitigation Planning Handbook Tasks (44 CFR Part 201) Step 1. Organize Task 1: Determine the Planning Area and Resources Task 2: Build the Planning Team 44 CFR 201.6(c)(1) Step 2. Involve the public Task 3: Create an Outreach Strategy 44 CFR 201.6(b)(1) Step 3. Coordinate Task 4: Review Community Capabilities 44 CFR 201.6(b)(2) & (3) Step 4. Assess the hazard Page 537 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION ONE | Determine the Planning Area and Resources 3 Step 5. Assess the problem Task 5: Conduct a Risk Assessment 44 CFR 201.6(c)(2)(i) 44 CFR 201.6(c)(2)(ii) & (iii) Step 6. Set goals Task 6: Develop a Mitigation Strategy 44 CFR 201.6(c)(3)(i) 44 CFR 201.6(c)(3)(ii) 44 CFR 201.6(c)(3)(iii) Step 7. Review possible activities Step 8. Draft an action plan Step 9. Adopt the plan Task 8: Review and Adopt the Plan 44 CFR 201.6(c)(5) Step 10. Implement, evaluate, revise Task 7: Keep the Plan Current Task 9: Create a Safe and Resilient Community 44 CFR 201.6(c)(4) T ABLE 1: FEMA LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING HANDBOOK WORKSHEET 1.1 DESCRIBES THE CRS REQUIREMENTS MET BY THE SAN DIEGO COUNTY MULTI -JURISDICTIONAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN. Any jurisdiction or special district may participate in the hazard mitigation planning process. However, to request FEMA approval, each of the local jurisdictions must meet all requirements of 44 CFR §201.6. In addition to the requirement for participation in the process, the Federal regulation specifies the following requirements for multi-jurisdictional plans: • The risk assessment must assess each jurisdiction’s risk where they may vary from the risks facing the entire planning area. (44 CFR §201.6(c)(2)(iii)) • There must be identifiable action items specific to the jurisdiction requesting FEMA approval or credit of the plan. (44 CFR §201.6(c)(3)(iv)) • Each jurisdiction requesting approval of the plan must document that is has been formally adopted. (44 CFR §201.6(c)(5)) The hazard mitigation plan must clearly list the jurisdictions that participated in the plan and are seeking plan approval. The Chula Vista Annex to the San Diego County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan and meets all requirements. Page 538 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 4 2. SECTION TWO: Build the Planning Team 2.1. Planning Participants Name Title Department Marlon King Emergency Services Coordinator Fire Justin Gipson Fire Marshal Fire Lou El-Khazen Building Official Development Services Cheryl Goddard Senior Planner Development Services Laura Black Assistant Director Development Services Patrick Moneda Senior Civil Engineer Engineering Bill Valle Director of Engineering Engineering Frank Rivera Principal Civil Engineer Engineering Boushra Salem Principal Civil Engineer Engineering Sam Oludunfe Open Space Manager Public Works Matt Little Director Public Works Angelica Aguilar Assistant Director Public Works Cory Downs Conservation Specialist II Economic Development Coleen Wisniewski Environmental Sustainability Manager Economic Development Rommel Reyes GIS Specialist Information Technology Services Robert O’Donnell GIS Manager Information Technology Services 2.2. Planning Process The City of Chula Vista Planning Team held an initial meeting in January 2020 to discuss the new hazard mitigation planning process and brainstorm any new hazards and challenges the city faces. In addition to whole team meetings, the Emergency Management Division held one-on- one meetings with key staff in lead City departments to discuss previous accomplishments and new goals/objectives in hazard mitigation. Page 539 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION TWO | Build the Planning Team 5 Additionally, each key department held internal meetings to discuss new priority mitigation actions as associated tasks that will help to accomplish the objectives. Each department discussed key elements of the priority actions to determine if they are feasible, set reasonable expectations, brainstorm implementation costs and timelines. See the San Diego County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan’s Section Two for details about the county-wide Planning Process. Page 540 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION THREE | Create an Outreach Strategy 6 3. SECTION THREE: Create an Outreach Strategy See the San Diego County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan’s Section Three for details about the county-wide outreach strategy. Page 541 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 7 4. SECTION FOUR: Review Community Capabilities Local mitigation capabilities are existing authorities, policies, programs, and resources that reduce hazard impacts or that could be used to implement hazard mitigation activities and must be included in a hazard mitigation plan. The planning team also may identify additional types of capabilities relevant to mitigation planning. 4.1. Capability Assessment The primary types of capabilities for reducing long-term vulnerability through mitigation planning are: • Planning and regulatory • Administrative and technical • Financial • Education and outreach 4.1.1. Planning and Regulatory Planning and regulatory capabilities are the plans, policies, codes, and ordinances that prevent and reduce the impacts of hazards. The jurisdiction currently has the following planning and regulatory capabilities: Plans Yes/No Year Does the plan address hazards? Does the plan identify projects to include in the mitigation strategy? Can the plan be used to implement mitigation actions? Comprehensive/Master Plan Yes 2005 The Chula Vista City Council approved an updated General Plan on December 13, 2005. The General Plan looks out to the year 2030 and guides the City’s future growth and development for the next 25 years. It is the first comprehensive update of the City’s General Plan since 1989. The General Plan identifies how land will be used, how needs for transportation, parks and other public facilities and services will be met, and how natural resources and the community’s heritage will be protected. Chapter of the General Plan addresses the Public Facilities and Services Element, which describes the public safety planning necessary to ensure the safety of the communities and minimize/mitigate risk to the public. The goals outlined in the plan can be used to establish hazard mitigation goals and actions. Page 542 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 8 Plans Yes/No Year Does the plan address hazards? Does the plan identify projects to include in the mitigation strategy? Can the plan be used to implement mitigation actions? Capital Improvements Plan Yes 2022 Yes. Establishing the annual CIP includes ranking proposals and projects by reviewing the scopes, preliminary cost estimates, locations, and feasibility of each proposal. Projects are placed in order with the highest ranked receiving top priority, based on the following ca tegories: • City Needs - Does the proposal address an existing need, problem and/or safety concern? • City Benefit - Does the proposal provide a benefit citywide or for a specific area? • Does the proposal link to one of the City’s Strategic Goals? • Regulatory Concerns, Implementation Pathways - Is the proposal feasible based on time and cost necessary to meet federal, state and city regulations? • Methodology - Is the proposed scope and location consistent with a “guiding document”? • Funding Limitations/Availability – Does the proposal require funding from the General Fund? Is the proposal fully or partially funded by grant funds? The CIP plan addresses projects committed to improving the safety of the community in a number of areas including traffic safety and pedestrian safety. Although these are not the top hazards within the City, these areas can be used to implement mitigation actions outside of the Hazard Mitigation Plan. Economic Development Plan Yes 2019 Yes, the mission of the Economic Development Plan is to create a sustainable economy by providing the essential resources to businesses and the development community to promote, attract, retain and expand; employment opportunities, stimulate the local economy, expand the local sales and property tax bases; all while maintaining a positive balance between the economy, the environment and the community. The Economic Development Plan addresses climate change, and also stresses the need for the City to partner with the business community to move the City forward. Both climate change and public private partnerships are addressed in hazard mitigation actions. Local Emergency Operations Plan Yes 2021 Yes, the Emergency Operations Plan helps to prepare the City’s response to all-hazards faced within Chula Vista. The Emergency Operations Plan does not address hazard mitigation projects, but it doesn’t identify hazards that need to be mitigated. In reviewing the Emergency Operations Page 543 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 9 Plans Yes/No Year Does the plan address hazards? Does the plan identify projects to include in the mitigation strategy? Can the plan be used to implement mitigation actions? Plan, the City’s Emergency Management Program can identify focus areas for hazard mitigation. Continuity of Operations Plan No The City does not yet have a formal COOP. Transportation Plan Yes Yes. The Chula Vista Active Transportation Plan (ATP) focuses on enhancing the safety and comfort for existing pedestrian and bicycle facilities as well as increasing connectivity to key attracting land uses such as schools, employment centers, retail districts, and recreational areas. This plan was developed by taking a comprehensive look at the current transportation environment and users as well as previous planning efforts. This information combined with input from residents and project stakeholders shaped the development of recommendations for bicycle and pedestrian improvements and the overall ATP. Stormwater Management Plan Yes 2004 Yes. The mission of the Storm Water Management Program is to maintain and promote the quality of water and environmental resources for the Citizens of Chula Vista and ensure compliance with water quality regulations. The Storm Water Management section of the City of Chula Vista Public Works Department is responsible for overall management of all storm water quality issues in the City of Chula Vista. Through public education and outreach, the Storm Water Management section ensures that all residents, businesses, and municipal departments are familiar with federal, state and local laws and regulations pertaining to storm water quality issues and comply with those laws and regulations. The Stormwater Management Plan does not currently have projects to be listed in the City’s hazard mitigation plan. Community Wildfire Protection Plan Yes Yes, the CWPP addresses the City’s largest threat of wildfire. The CWPP includes bot regional and community specific projects that can be implemented to mitigate the wildfire hazard. From these projects, the planning team can determine mitigation actions. Page 544 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 10 Plans Yes/No Year Does the plan address hazards? Does the plan identify projects to include in the mitigation strategy? Can the plan be used to implement mitigation actions? Other special plans (e.g., brownfields redevelopment, disaster recovery, coastal zone management, climate change adaptation) Yes Climate Action Plan Multiple Species Conservation Program Wastewater Master Plan Traffic Signal Communications Master Plan Sewer System Management Plan Chula Vista Fire Department Strategic Plan How can these capabilities be expanded and improved to reduce risk? Future opportunities for regulatory enhancement should focus on amending the City of Chula Vista’s General Plan Safety Element to incorporate the 2022-2027 San Diego County MJHMP and City of Chula Vista Annex by reference. Additionally, the City should develop a formal Continuity of Operations Plan (COOP) incorporating best practices from recent disasters. T ABLE 2: FEMA LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING HANDBOOK WORKSHEET 4.1 D ATA. 4.1.2. Administrative and Technical Administrative and technical capabilities include staff and their skills and tools that can be used for mitigation planning and to implement specific mitigation actions. Some smaller jurisdictions without local staff resources, may rely on public resources at the next higher-level government that can provide technical assistance. Administration Yes/No Describe capability Is coordination effective? Planner(s) or engineer(s) with knowledge of land development and land management practices Y • Development Services • Public Works Departments The City employs engineers and land use planners that can help determine the safety of new construction as it relates to various hazards within the City. The planners coordinate with the Emergency Management Program as necessary. Engineer(s) or professional(s) trained in construction practices related to buildings and/or infrastructure Y • Engineering • Development Services The City employs structural engineers familiar with best practices for development areas. Coordination with these personnel is effective. Planners or Engineer(s) with an understanding of natural and/or manmade hazards Y • Engineering • Development Services Page 545 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 11 • Fire Department The City employs personnel with knowledge of natural and man-made hazards and utilizes these personnel in development of plans, policies, and procedures for emergency planning and response. Mitigation Planning Committee Y • All City Departments represented as necessary to provide subject matter expertise. The City departments coordinate well with the Emergency Management Program to provide necessary personnel resources. Maintenance programs to reduce risk (e.g., tree trimming, clearing drainage systems) Y • Public Works The Public Works Department implements all maintenance programs on a continual basis. Mutual aid agreements Y • Public Works • Fire • Police Many City departments, most notably those listed above, maintain mutual aid agreements for response operations. Staff Yes/No FT/PT1 Is staffing adequate to enforce regulations? Is staff trained on hazards and mitigation? Is coordination between agencies and staff effective? Chief Building Official Yes FT Yes, staffing is adequate to enforce regulations. Staff who are assigned to participate on the hazard mitigation planning team are educated/trained about hazard mitigation and they coordinate well with other planning team members. Floodplain Administrator Yes FT Yes, staffing is adequate to enforce regulations. Staff who are assigned to participate on the hazard mitigation planning team are educated/trained about hazard mitigation and they coordinate well with other planning team members. Emergency Manager Yes FT Yes, staffing is adequate to enforce regulations, however additional emergency management staff would enhance the City’s capabilities. The City’s Emergency Manager is experienced in hazard mitigation and coordinates the hazard mitigation planning team and development of the hazard mitigation plan. Surveyors Yes FT Yes, staffing is adequate to enforce regulations. Staff who are assigned to participate on the hazard mitigation planning team are educated/trained about hazard mitigation and they coordinate well with other planning team members. Page 546 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 12 Staff with education or expertise to assess the community’s vulnerability to hazards Yes FT Yes, staffing is adequate to enforce regulations. Staff who are assigned to participate on the hazard mitigation planning team are educated/trained about hazard mitigation and they coordinate well with other planning team members. Community Planner Yes Yes, staffing is adequate to enforce regulations. Staff who are assigned to participate on the hazard mitigation planning team are educated/trained about hazard mitigation and they coordinate well with other planning team members. Scientists familiar with the hazards of the community No N/A Civil Engineer Yes Yes, staffing is adequate to enforce regulations. Staff who are assigned to participate on the hazard mitigation planning team are educated/trained about hazard mitigation and they coordinate well with other planning team members. Personnel skilled in GIS and/or HAZUS Yes Yes, staffing is adequate to enforce regulations. Staff who are assigned to participate on the hazard mitigation planning team are educated/trained about hazard mitigation and they coordinate well with other planning team members. Grant writers Yes No. Although there are several staff with grant writing experience, there are not enough staff dedicated to locating and applying for grants. Few staff have experience in hazard mitigation grants. Other How can these capabilities be expanded and improved to reduce risk? Future enhancements may include securing additional hazard mitigation funding for City projects and coordinating with grant writers and the scientific community to further understand the hazards in our city. We may also consider providing hazard training for staff. T ABLE 3:FEMA LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING HANDBOOK WORKSHEET 4.1 DATA CONTINUED. 4.1.3. Financial The City of Chula Vista has access to or is eligible to use the following funding resources for hazard mitigation: Funding Resource Access/ Eligibility (Yes/No) Has the funding resource been used in past and for what type of activities? Could the resource be used to fund future mitigation actions? Page 547 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 13 Community Development Block Grants (CDBG) Yes No Yes, as resources are available and to the extent the funds are used to benefit eligible census tracts Capital improvements project funding Yes No Yes, as resources are available Authority to levy taxes for specific purposes Yes Yes, taxes have been approved by voters for funding of public safety personnel and funding for facilities repair and maintenance. Yes, but requires Proposition 218 Voter Approval (2/3 of all voters, simple majority of property owners for assessments). Voter approval highly unlikely in most cases. Fees for water, sewer, gas, or electric service Yes Yes, the revenue from these fees are reinvested into the utility infrastructure Yes, Sewer Fees only. City does not own or operate water, gas or electric utilities Impact fees for homebuyers or developers for new developments/homes Yes No No Incur debt through general obligation bonds Yes No No Incur debt through special tax and revenue bonds Yes No No Incur debt through private activity bonds Yes No No Community Development Block Grants (CDBG) Yes No No How can these capabilities be expanded and improved to reduce risk? The City can update other plans, such as the CIP to incorporate hazard information and include hazard mitigation actions and climate adaptation strategies that relate to infrastructure systems resiliency associated with the water and wastewater systems. Capital investments and improvements related to seismic retrofits, cooling center upgrades, drainage systems, and water supply systems, should all be prioritized in the City’s financial plan as they are related to hazard mitigation. Additionally, given the prioritization of flooding mitigation projects, the City should apply for HMGP grants to fund implementation costs associated with key CIP projects, and related projects in the City’s mitigation strategy. These fiscal capabilities may be supported by City staff or augmented with consultant staff. TABLE 4 : FEMA LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING HANDBOOK WORKSHEET 4.1 DATA CONTINUED. Page 548 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 14 4.1.4. Education and Outreach The following education and outreach programs and methods exist to implement mitigation activities and communicate hazard-related information: Program/Organization Yes/No Describe program/organization and how relates to disaster resilience and mitigation. Could the program/organization help implement future mitigation activities? Local citizen groups or non-profit organizations focused on environmental protection, emergency preparedness, access and functional needs populations, etc. Yes Chula Vista partners with several citizen groups and non-government organizations related to South Bay resources, sensitive habitat management protection, community emergency response, and access and functional needs coordination, all of which help implement mitigation activities Ongoing public education or information program (e.g., responsible water use, fire safety, household preparedness, environmental education) Yes Chula Vista has several community engagement and educational programs in several City departments, including fire, police, and sustainability. The Fire Department PIO coordinates presentations and events with local community organizations, schools, etc. educating on the importance of fire safety and preparedness. The Chula Vista CERT members host courses for the community on disaster preparedness, basic safety skills, CPR, active shooter training, and more. The sustainability division provides community education on recycling, composting, energy efficiency, etc. All of these educational activities can be embedded into hazard mitigation projects. Natural disaster or safety related school programs Yes Both the fire and police departments offer disaster and safety programs to local schools StormReady certification No N/A Firewise Communities certification No N/A Public-private partnership initiatives addressing disaster-related issues No None Other How can these capabilities be expanded and improved to reduce risk? Page 549 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 15 The City can expand their education and outreach capabilities by seeking more certification from disaster preparedness organizations such as StormReady and Firewise, as well as the establishment of public -private partnerships with the business community. Specific enhancements may include continued public involvement through social media posts and advertisements focused on hazard mitigation project successes. Focused outreach to under-represented and special-interest groups in the City is another great strategy to expand education. TABLE 5 : FEMA LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING HANDBOOK WORKSHEET 4.1 DATA CONTINUED. Page 550 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 16 4.2. Safe Growth Audit Identify gaps in the city’s growth guidance instruments and improvements that could be made to reduce vulnerability to future development: Comprehensive Plan Yes No Land Use 1. Does the future land-use map clearly identify natural hazard areas? X 2. Do the land-use policies discourage development or redevelopment within natural hazard areas? X 3. Does the plan provide adequate space for expected future growth in areas located outside natural hazard areas? X Transportation 1. Does the transportation plan limit access to hazard areas? X 2. Is transportation policy used to guide growth to safe locations? X 3. Are movement systems designed to function under disaster conditions (e.g., evacuation)? X T ABLE 6: FEMA LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING HANDBOOK WORKSHEET 4.2 DATA. Comprehensive Plan (continued) Yes No Environmental Management 1. Are environmental systems that protect development from hazards identified and mapped? X 2. Do environmental policies maintain and restore protective ecosystems? X 3. Do environmental policies provide incentives to development that is located outside protective ecosystems? Public Safety Page 551 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 17 1. Are the goals and policies of the comprehensive plan related to those of the FEMA Local Hazard Mitigation Plan? X 2. Is safety explicitly included in the plan’s growth and development policies? X 3. Does the monitoring and implementation section of the plan cover safe growth objectives? X TABLE 7 : FEMA LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING HANDBOOK WORKSHEET 4.2 DATA CONTINUED. Zoning Ordinance Yes No 1. Does the zoning ordinance conform to the comprehensive plan in terms of discouraging development or redevelopment within natural hazard areas? X 2. Does the ordinance contain natural hazard overlay zones that set conditions for land use within such zones? X 3. Do rezoning procedures recognize natural hazard areas as limits on zoning changes that allow greater intensity or density of use? X 4. Does the ordinance prohibit development within, or filling of, wetlands, floodways, and floodplains? X Subdivision Regulations Yes No 1. Do the subdivision regulations restrict the subdivision of land within or adjacent to natural hazard areas? X 2. Do the regulations provide for conservation subdivisions or cluster subdivisions in order to conserve environmental resources? X 3. Do the regulations allow density transfers where hazard areas exist? X TABLE 8 : FEMA LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING HANDBOOK WORKSHEET 4.2 DATA CONTINUED. Capital Improvement Program and Infrastructure Policies Yes No 1. Does the capital improvement program limit expenditures on projects that would encourage development in areas vulnerable to natural hazards? X 2. Do infrastructure policies limit extension of existing facilities and services that would encourage development in areas vulnerable to natural hazards? X Page 552 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 18 3. Does the capital improvement program provide funding for hazard mitigation projects identified in the FEMA Mitigation Plan? X Other Yes No 1. Do small area or corridor plans recognize the need to avoid or mitigation natural hazards? X 2. Does the building code contain provisions to strengthen or elevate construction to withstand hazard forces? X 3. Do economic development or redevelopment strategies include provisions for mitigation natural hazards? X 4. Is there an adopted evacuation and shelter plan to deal with emergencies from natural hazards? X TABLE 9 : FEMA LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING HANDBOOK WORKSHEET 4.2 DATA CONTINUED. Questions were adapted from Godschalk, David R. Practice Safe Growth Audits, Zoning Practice, Issue Number 10, October 2009, American Planning Association. 4.2.1 Growth and Development Trends The table below depicts the city of Chula Vista growth trends since the 1990s: Year Population Change % Change 1990 135,243 - - 2000 175,608 40,365 30% 2010 243,916 68,308 39% 2020 276,466 32,550 13% 2022 277,220 754 > 1% Chula Vista has seen significant population growth because of its thriving economy and the support that is offered for small businesses. The population has continued to post growth in the double-digit percentages every ten years, indicating that growth is thriving, and the city is likely to continue growing larger. The City’s Growth Management Element of the General Plan describes the City’s planning factors, objectives, and policies for managing the growth and expansion of Chula Vista. Page 553 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 19 The following table details the city’s infrastructure related growth since the 2018 Hazard Mitigation Plan: Residential and Commercial Growth Property Use 2019 2020 2021 2022 Residential 840 2,707 1,699 1,175 Commercial 25 20 20 40 Total 865 2,727 1,899 1,215 All developments were completed in accordance with all current and applicable development codes and standards. Each new development should be adequately protected from structural damage as a result of the City’s priority hazards. Thus, except for more people living in areas potentially exposed to natural hazards, this growth should not cause a significant change in vulnerability of the city to identified hazards. A summary of new development in hazard zones, between 2019-2022, is shown in the tables and maps below: Property Use Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) Flood Zone Residential 3 4 Page 554 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 20 Property Use Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) Flood Zone Commercial 13 1 4.3. National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) As a participant in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), a community develops capabilities for conducting flood mitigation activities. The City of Chula Vista is a participant in FEMA’s National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). Chula Vista officially began participating in the NFIP on April 8. 1977, established by City ordinance 1842. This program provides flood insurance for structures located within the floodplain areas in the city and as designated by FEMA. Chula Vista started utilizing the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) to determine floodplain/floodway boundaries on August 15, 1983. As a part of NFIP, the City must meet certain annual requirements. The City must abide by the Floodplain Ordinance to meet the NFIP requirements. FEMA reviews the City’s ordinance and determines whether the ordinance is adequate or provides recommendations when the ordinance needs to be updated. The City last updated its ordinance on 12/3/2019 (Ord 3477). FEMA and/or Page 555 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 21 the State Department of Water Resources typically performs audits on the City’s Floodplain Management Program every 3 to 5 years to ensure compliance. The City has Floodplain Administrator that administers, implements, and enforces standards of the City’s floodplain regulations, identified in Chapter 14.18 of the City’s Municipal Code. The City’s Floodplain Administrator is responsible for the implementation of flood policies that reduce exposure to flood hazard and minimize/eliminate flood damage. The City of Chula Vista manages the permitting of any proposed developments and improvements within the floodplain areas per the FEMA guidelines and requirements. Whenever development or capital improvement projects are near FEMA designated floodplains/floodways, projects are routed to the Engineering Advanced Planning section to determine FEMA related requirements for the proposed project. The City’s Floodplain Administrator (City Engineer) has the right to stop a project that does not meet the Floodplain Regulations Ordinance. The City continues to be an active participant in the NFIP and the following table details the City’s participation: NFIP Topic Source of Information Comments Insurance Summary How many NFIP policies are in the community? What is the total premium and coverage? State NFIP Coordinator or FEMA NFIP Specialist N/A How many claims have been paid in the community? What is the total amount of paid claims? How many of the claims were for substantial damage? FEMA NFIP or Insurance Specialist N/A How many structures are exposed to flood risk within the community? Community Floodplain Administrator (FPA) Exact number of structures currently within SFHA is unknown. Describe any areas of flood risk with limited NFIP policy coverage Community FPA and FEMA Insurance Specialist Not aware of any areas with limited NFIP policy coverage. Staff Resources Is the Community FPA or NFIP Coordinator certified? Community FPA No Is floodplain management an auxiliary function? Community FPA Floodplain Management is performed through the Advanced Planning section of the Engineering Dept. Provide an explanation of NFIP administration services (e.g., permit review, GIS, education or outreach, inspections, engineering capability) Community FPA Engineering Dept: Pre-Application Review, Plan and Permit Review; GIS, General Public Information. Building Division: Inspections Page 556 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 22 What are the barriers to running an effective NFIP program in the community, if any? Community FPA Compliance History Is the community in good standing with the NFIP? State NFIP Coordinator, FEMA NFIP Specialist, community records Yes Are there any outstanding compliance issues (i.e., current violations)? No When was the most recent Community Assistance Visit (CAV) or Community Assistance Contact (CAC)? Unsure Is a CAV or CAC scheduled or needed? No T ABLE 10: FEMA LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING HANDBOOK WORKSHEET 4.3 DATA. NFIP Topic Source of Information Comments Regulation When did the community enter the NFIP? Community Status Book http://www.fema.gov/ national-flood-insurance- program/national-flood- insurance-program- community-status-book Init FHBM Identified: 04/08/77 Init FIRM Identified: 08/15/83 Are the FIRMs digital or paper? Community FPA Both Do floodplain development regulations meet or exceed FEMA or State minimum requirements? If so, in what ways? Community FPA Yes, it meets the FEMA minimum requirements. Provide an explanation of the permitting process. Community FPA, State, FEMA NFIP 1) Developer approaches City with Permit Pre-Application Review or Permit Application. 2) City Planning Dept forwards all Applications in the vicinity of FEMA SFHA to Engineering Dept for FEMA NFIP Review. 3) Engineering Dept provides comments/requirements for development in SFHA; Staff works with Developers to ensure all FEMA conditional approvals are met prior to Grading/Construction Permit issuance. 4) Construction Inspections and Building Inspector staff ensure all above requirements are met during construction before certificate of occupancy is issued. Flood Insurance Manual http://www.fema.gov/ flood-insurance-manual Community FPA, FEMA CRS Coordinator, ISO representative Page 557 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 23 NFIP Topic Source of Information Comments 5) At project completion, City works with Developer to finalize any FEMA Map Revisions as necessary. Community Rating System (CRS) Does the community participate in CRS? Community FPA, State, FEMA NFIP No What is the community’s CRS Class Ranking? Flood Insurance Manual http://www.fema.gov/ flood-insurance-manual N/A What categories and activities provide CRS points and how can the class be improved? N/A Does the plan include CRS planning requirements Community FPA, FEMA CRS Coordinator, ISO representative N/A Page 558 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 24 5. SECTION FIVE: Conduct a Risk Assessment The planning team conducts a risk assessment to determine the potential impacts of hazards to the people, economy, and built and natural environments of the community. The risk assessment provides the foundation for the rest of the mitigation planning process, which is focused on identifying and prioritizing actions to reduce risk to hazards. In addition to informing the mitigation strategy, the risk assessment also can be used to establish emergency preparedness and response priorities, for land use and comprehensive planning, and for decision making by elected officials, city and county departments, businesses, and organizations in the community. When the plan revision process began in 2019, a complete review of the hazards identified in the original plan and first update was conducted to determine if they were still valid and should be kept as a target for mitigation measures or removed from the list. The planning team also reassessed hazards that were not considered for mitigation actions in 2018 to determine if that decision was still applicable or if they should be moved to the active list. Finally, the team examined potential or emerging hazards, including climate change, to see if any should be included on the active list. While many of the mitigation measures listed in 2018 plan and revision were implemented and accomplished, the risk of the hazard did not significantly diminish. This is easily seen in both the wildfire and earthquake hazards. While mitigation measures have been put in place (such as the update of the fire code and vegetation management measures), wildfire remains, and will continue to be, the greatest hazard risk to the city of Chula Vista. 5.1 Performing a Risk Assessment Risk Assessment requires the collection and analysis of hazard-related data to enable local jurisdictions to identify and prioritize appropriate mitigation actions that will reduce losses from potential hazards. Risk Assessment is the process of identifying the potential impacts of hazards that threaten an area, including both natural and human-caused events. A natural event causes a hazard when it harms people or property. Such events would include floods, earthquakes, tornadoes, tsunami, coastal storms, landslides, and wildfires that strike populated areas. Human-caused hazard events are caused by human activity and include technological hazards and terrorism. Technological hazards are generally accidental and/or have unintended consequences (for example, an accidental hazardous materials release). Terrorism is defined by the Code of Federal Regulations as “…unlawful use of force and violence against persons or property to intimidate or Page 559 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 25 coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives.” Natural hazards that have harmed the County in the past are likely to happen in the future. Consequently, the process of risk assessment includes determining whether the hazard has occurred previously. Approaches to collecting historical hazard data include researching newspapers and other records, conducting a planning document and report literature review in all relevant hazard subject areas, gathering hazard-related GIS data, and engaging in conversation with relevant experts from the community. 5.1.1. Levels of Risk The level of risk associated with each hazard in each jurisdiction was also estimated and assigned a risk level of high, medium, or low depending on several factors unique to that hazard. The hazards assessed were both natural and human-caused. Probability of future events are described in the plan as: • Highly Likely – Occurs at intervals of 1 – 10 years • Likely - Occurs at intervals of 10 - 50 years • Somewhat Likely - Occurs at intervals greater than every 50 years Analyzing risk involves evaluating vulnerable assets, describing potential impacts, and estimating losses for each hazard. Vulnerability describes the degree to which an asset is susceptible to damage from a hazard. Vulnerability also depends on an asset’s construction, contents, and the economic value of its functions. Like indirect damages, the vulnerability of one element of the community is often related to the vulnerability of another. Often, indirect effects can be much more widespread and damaging than direct effects. Risk analysis predicts the extent of injury and damage that may result from a hazard event of a given intensity within an area. It identifies the effects of natural and human- caused hazard events by estimating the relative exposure of existing and future population, land development, and infrastructure to hazardous conditions. The analysis helps set mitigation priorities by allowing local jurisdictions to focus attention on areas most likely to be damaged or most likely to require early emergency response during a hazard event. Exposure analysis identifies the existing and future assets located in an identified hazard area. It can quantify the number, type and value of structures, critical facilities, and infrastructure located in those areas, as well as assets exposed to multiple hazards. It can also be used to quantify the number of future structures and infrastructure possible in hazard prone areas based on zoning and building codes. Page 560 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 26 5.2. Hazard Assessment Summary The planning team reviewed the hazards identified in the 2018 Hazard Mitigation Plan and evaluated each to see if they still posed a risk to the jurisdiction. In addition, the hazards listed in the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Handbook were also reviewed to determine if they should be added to the list of hazards to include in the plan revision. Hazard identification is the process of identifying all hazards that threaten an area, including both natural and human-caused events. In the hazard identification stage, the planning team determined hazards that potentially threaten the city of Chula Vista. All hazards identified by FEMA included: avalanche, coastal storm, coastal erosion, dam failure, drought/water supply, earthquake, expansive soils, extreme heat, flooding, hailstorm, house/building fire, land subsidence, landslide, liquefaction, severe winter storm, tornado, tsunami, wildfire, windstorm, and volcano. Although not required by the FEMA Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, human-caused hazards, such as hazardous materials release, nuclear materials release, and terrorism, were also reviewed by the planning team. Climate change was also reviewed and discussed as potential hazard. The hazard screening process involved narrowing the all-inclusive list of hazards to those most threatening to the city. The screening effort required extensive input from a variety of stakeholders, including representatives from County agencies, special districts, community members, and the private sector. The City received significant support from the County of San Diego Office of Emergency Services (County OES), County Geographic Information Systems (GIS) experts from the County of San Diego’s Planning and Development Services, and used information from FEMA and other nationally and locally available databases to map the hazards, infrastructure, critical facilities, and land uses. This mapping effort was utilized in the hazard screening process to identify the top hazards with the greatest impact on the City. 5.2.1. Hazard Classifications Definitions for Classifications Location (Geographic Area Affected) • Negligible: Less than 10 percent of planning area or isolated single-point occurrences • Limited: 10 to 25 percent of the planning area or limited single-point occurrences • Significant: 25 to 75 percent of planning area or frequent single-point occurrences • Extensive: 75 to 100 percent of planning area or consistent single-point occurrences Maximum Probable Extent (Magnitude/Strength based on historic events or future probability) • Weak: Limited classification on scientific scale, slow speed of onset or short duration of event, resulting in little to no damage Page 561 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 27 • Moderate: Moderate classification on scientific scale, moderate speed of onset or moderate duration of event, resulting in some damage and loss of services for days • Severe: Severe classification on scientific scale, fast speed of onset or long duration of event, resulting in devastating damage and loss of services for weeks or months • Extreme: Extreme classification on scientific scale, immediate onset or extended duration of event, resulting in catastrophic damage and uninhabitable conditions Hazard Scale / Index Weak Moderate Severe Extreme Drought Palmer Drought Severity Index3 -1.99 to +1.99 -2.00 to -2.99 -3.00 to -3.99 -4.00 and below Earthquake Modified Mercalli Scale4 I to IV V to VII VII IX to XII Richter Magnitude5 2, 3 4, 5 6 7, 8 Hurricane Wind Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale6 1 2 3 4, 5 Tornado Fujita Tornado Damage Scale7 F0 F1, F2 F3 F4, F5 Probability of Future Events • Unlikely: Less than 1 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of greater than every 100 years. • Occasional: 1 to 10 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 11 to 100 years. • Likely: 10 to 90 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 1 to 10 years • Highly Likely: 90 to 100 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of less than 1 year. Overall Significance • Low: Two or more criteria fall in lower classifications, or the event has a minimal impact on the planning area. This rating is sometimes used for hazards with a minimal or unknown record of occurrences or for hazards with minimal mitigation potential. • Medium: The criteria fall mostly in the middle ranges of classifications and the event’s impacts on the planning area are noticeable but not devastating. This rating is sometimes used for hazards with a high extent rating but very low probability rating. • High: The criteria consistently fall in the high classifications and the event is likely/highly likely to occur with severe strength over a significant to extensive portion of the planning area. o Cumulative meteorological drought and wet conditions: http://ncdc.noaa.gov/ o Earthquake intensity and effect on population and structures: http://earthquake.usgs.gov o Earthquake magnitude as a logarithmic scale, measured by a seismograph: http://earthquake.usgs.gov o Hurricane rating based on sustained wind speed: http://nhc.noaa.gov o Tornado rating based on wind speed and associated damage: http://spc.noaa.gov Page 562 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 28 The table below is a summary of the hazards reviewed and their significance to the city: Hazard Location (Geographic Area Affected) Maximum Probable Extent (Magnitude/Strength) Probability of Future Events Overall Significance Ranking Avalanche Negligible Weak Unlikely Low Climate Change Extensive Moderate Likely Medium Dam Failure Significant Moderate Unlikely Low Drought Negligible Moderate Occasional Low Earthquake Significant Severe Likely High Erosion Limited Weak Unlikely Low Expansive Soils Extensive Weak Unlikely Low Extreme Cold Extensive Weak Unlikely Low Extreme Heat Extensive Moderate Occasional Medium Flood Significant Moderate Occasional Medium Hail Extensive Weak Unlikely Low Hurricane Negligible Weak Unlikely Low Landslide Negligible Weak Unlikely Low Lightning Extensive Weak Unlikely Low Sea Level Rise Negligible Weak Unlikely Low Severe Wind Extensive Moderate Occasional Medium Severe Winter Weather Significant Moderate Occasional Low Storm Surge Negligible Weak Unlikely Low Subsidence Extensive Weak Unlikely Low Tornado Negligible Weak Unlikely Low Tsunami Negligible Weak Unlikely Low Wildfire Significant Extreme Likely High T ABLE 11: FEMA LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING HANDBOOK WORKSHEET 5.1 DATA. Page 563 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 29 5.3. Hazard Profiles The following is a brief rationale of what has been determined as the most significant hazards in the city of Chula Vista. Wildfire/Structure Fire Description of Hazard A structure fire hazard is one where there is a risk of a fire starting in an urban setting and spreading uncontrollably from one building to another across several city blocks, or within high- rise buildings. A wildfire is an uncontrolled fire spreading through vegetative fuels and exposing or possibly consuming structures. They often begin unnoticed and spread quickly. Naturally occurring and non-native species of grasses, brush, and trees fuel wildfires. A wildfire is in a wildland area in which development is essentially nonexistent—except for roads, railroads, power lines and similar facilities. An Urban-Wildland/Urban Interface fire is a wildfire in a geographical area where structures and other human development meet or intermingle with wildland or vegetative fuels. Areas that have experienced prolonged droughts or are excessively dry are at risk of wildfires. Nature of Hazard Chula Vista has several residential communities and commercial structures built in and around many wildland and open space areas. A number of these structures were developed prior to the enactment of the City’s Urban-Wildland interface Code in 2000. Additionally, Chula Vista abuts a rural mountainous region on the eastern boundary of the city that is rated as a very high fire hazard severity zone. Furthermore, Chula Vista is home to a large transient population, a community who often causes accidental vegetation fires throughout the year in the City’s riverbeds and open space areas. Couple these factors with the ongoing southern California drought and growing impacts of climate change, wildland/structure fires present the greatest hazard to the City of Chula Vista. Past Occurrences Chula Vista has an average of 42 vegetation fires per year, and any one of these fires, under the right conditions, could expand into a major incident. Chula Vista has experienced major historical fires in 2003 and 2007 and natural vulnerabilities to major wildfires continue to exist. Significance, Likelihood and Probability Wildfire is rated as a “high” hazard within the City because of the amount of open space and canyon areas that are located in the center city. These areas, if involved in a wildland fire, have the potential to affect a majority of the City’s population. The wildfire criteria consistently fall in the high classifications and the event is likely/highly likely to occur with severe strength over a significant to extensive portion of the planning area. Wildfire conditions could be extreme, and Page 564 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 30 there is 90 to 100 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of less than 1 year. Location The figures below display the location and extent of the profiled fire hazard areas for Chula Vista: Chula Vista Fire Hazard Severity Zones Page 565 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 31 Chula Vista – Fire Threat Page 566 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 32 Page 567 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 33 Chula Vista – Wildland Urban Interface Page 568 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 34 Page 569 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 35 Chula Vista – Communities at Risk from Wildfire Page 570 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 36 Page 571 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 37 Flooding/Dam Inundation Description of Hazard A flood occurs when excess water from snowmelt, rainfall, or storm surge accumulates and overflows onto a river’s bank or to adjacent floodplains. Floodplains are lowlands adjacent to rivers, lakes, and oceans that are subject to recurring floods. Most injuries and deaths from flood occur when people are swept away by flood currents, and property damage typically occurs as a result of inundation by sediment-filled water. Several factors determine the severity of floods, including rainfall intensity and duration. A large amount of rainfall over a short time span can result in flash flood conditions. A sudden thunderstorm or heavy rain, dam failure, or sudden spills can cause flash flooding. The National Weather Service’s definition of a flash flood is a flood occurring in a watershed where the time of travel of the peak of flow from one end of the watershed to the other is less than six hours. Dam failures can result in severe flood events. When a dam fails, a large quantity of water is suddenly released with a great potential to cause human casualties, economic loss, lifeline disruption, and environmental damage. A dam failure is usually the result of age, poor design, or structural damage caused by a major event such as an earthquake or flood. Page 572 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 38 Nature of Hazard Significant portions of the southerly, northerly, and westerly-developed areas of the City of Chula Vista are within FEMA-mapped 100-year floodplains. The City continues to reduce the flooding threat due to its emphasis on identifying and prioritizing for improvement a number of undersized and inadequate storm drains and drainage channels since the late 1960’s. Additionally the lower end probability of the occurrence of flood-producing storms in any given year and the requirement that new development includes flood-detention and flood control facilities also reduces the City’s flood risk. However, there are still several areas in the City that experience nuisance flooding that often causes damage. Furthermore, the city of Chula Vista is downstream of two major dams – the Savage (Lower Otay) Dam and the Sweetwater Dam – the possibility of dam inundation in and adjacent to the Sweetwater and Otay River Channels exists, although the likelihood of failure of these dams is considered relatively small due to their construction. Past Occurrences Chula Vista experienced a dam break incident in 1916, which is known as the Great Flood of 1916, when the Sweetwater Dam broke a swept through the South Bay. The Otay Dam has experienced water overflowing through the spillway in 2017, flooding the Otay River Valley. Although this is a natural occurrence and designed to function as such, these situations require coordinated mitigation and response actions. Chula Vista also experiences nuisance flooding of roadways and ponding in portions of the City during large rain events. Most recently in 2017, a severe weather storm flooded several properties within the City. The City proclaimed a local emergency for this winter storm event that cost the City over $1 million in response and recovery. According to County provided data, Chula Vista has one repetitive loss property due to flooding. Significance, Likelihood and Probability Flooding and dam inundation are rated as a “medium” hazard within the City because of the two large dams that exist within the City and some of the older engineering in portions of the City have experienced flooding problems in the past. The criteria fall mostly in the middle ranges of classifications and the event’s impacts on the planning area are noticeable but not devastating. This rating is sometimes used for hazards with a high extent rating but very low probability rating. Additionally, although the severity of complete dam is very high, there is only an occasional probability, a 1 to 10 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 11 to 100 years. Page 573 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 39 Location The figures below display the location and extent of the profiled fire hazard areas for Chula Vista: 100-Year Floodplain Page 574 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 40 500-Year Floodplain Page 575 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 41 Dam Inundation Areas Page 576 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 42 Geologic (Earthquake, Landslide, Liquefaction) Description of Hazard An earthquake is a sudden motion or trembling that is caused by a release of strain accumulated within or along the edge of the Earth's tectonic plates. The effects of an earthquake can be felt far beyond the site of its occurrence. They usually occur without warning and, after just a few seconds, can cause massive damage and extensive casualties. Common effects of earthquakes are ground motion and shaking, surface fault ruptures, and ground failure. Ground motion is the vibration or shaking of the ground during an earthquake. When a fault ruptures, seismic waves radiate, causing the ground to vibrate. The severity of the vibration increases with the amount of energy released and decreases with distance from the causative fault or epicenter. Soft soils can further amplify ground motions. The severity of these effects is dependent on the amount of energy released from the fault or epicenter. One way to express an earthquake's severity is to compare its acceleration to the normal acceleration due to gravity. The acceleration due to gravity is often called "g". A 100% g earthquake is very severe. More damage tends to occur from earthquakes when ground acceleration is rapid. Peak ground acceleration (PGA) is a measure of the strength of ground movement. PGA measures the rate in change of motion relative to the established rate of acceleration due to gravity (980 cm/sec/sec). PGA is used to project the risk of damage from future earthquakes by showing earthquake ground motions that have a specified probability (10%, 5%, or 2%) of being exceeded in 50 years. These ground motion values are used for reference in construction design for earthquake resistance. The ground motion values can also be used to assess relative hazard between sites, when making economic and safety decisions. Another tool used to describe earthquake intensity is the Richter scale. The Richter scale was devised as a means of rating earthquake strength and is an indirect measure of seismic energy released. The scale is logarithmic with each one-point increase corresponding to a 10-fold increase in the amplitude of the seismic shock waves generated by the earthquake. In terms of actual energy released, however, each one-point increase on the Richter scale corresponds to about a 32-fold increase in energy released. Therefore, a magnitude (M) 7 earthquake is 100 times (10 X 10) more powerful than a M5 earthquake and releases 1,024 times (32 X 32) the energy. An earthquake generates different types of seismic shock waves that travel outward from the focus or point of rupture on a fault. Seismic waves that travel through the earth's crust are called body waves and are divided into primary (P) and secondary (S) waves. Because P waves move faster (1.7 times) than S waves they arrive at the seismograph first. By measuring the time delay between arrival of the P and S waves and knowing the distance to the epicenter, seismologists can compute the Richter scale magnitude for the earthquake. The Modified Mercalli Scale (MMI) is another means for rating earthquakes, but one that attempts to quantify intensity of ground shaking. Intensity under this scale is a function of distance from the epicenter (the closer to the epicenter the greater the intensity), ground acceleration, duration of ground shaking, and degree of structural damage. This rates the level of severity of an earthquake by the amount of damage and perceived shaking, as displayed in the table below: Page 577 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 43 MMI Value Description of Shaking Severity Summary Damage Description Used on 1995 Maps Full Description I. Not felt II. Felt by persons at rest, on upper floors, or favorably placed. III. Felt indoors. Hanging objects swing. Vibration like passing of light trucks. Duration estimated. May not be recognized as an earthquake. IV. Hanging objects swing. Vibration like passing of heavy trucks; or sensation of a jolt like a heavy ball striking the walls. Standing motorcars rock. Windows, dishes, doors rattle. In the upper range of IV, wooden walls and frame creak. V. Light Pictures Move Felt outdoors; direction estimated. Sleepers wakened. Liquids disturbed, some spilled. Small unstable objects displaced or upset. Doors swing, close, open. Shutters, pictures move. Pendulum clock stop, start, change rate. VI. Moderate Objects Fall Felt by all. Many frightened and run outdoors. Persons walk unsteadily. Windows, dishes, glassware broken. Knickknacks, books, etc., off shelves. Pictures off walls. Furniture moved or overturned. Weak plaster and masonry D cracked. VII. Strong Nonstructural Damage Difficult to stand. Noticed by drivers of motorcars. Hanging objects quiver. Furniture broken. Damage to masonry D, including cracks. Weak chimneys broken at roofline. Fall of plaster, loose bricks, stones, tiles, cornices. Some cracks in masonry C. Small slides and caving in along sand or gravel banks. Concrete irrigation ditches damaged. VIII. Very Strong Moderate Damage Steering of motorcars affected. Damage to masonry C, partial collapse. Some damage to masonry B; none to masonry A. Fall of stucco and some masonry walls. Twisting, fall of chimneys, factory stacks, monuments, towers, and elevated tanks. Frame houses moved on foundations if not bolted down; loose panel walls thrown out. Cracks in wet ground and on steep slopes. IX. Very Violent Extreme Damage Most masonry and frame structures destroyed with their foundations. Some well-built wooden structures and bridges destroyed. Serious damage to dams, dikes, embankments. Large landslides. Water thrown on banks of canals, rivers, lakes, etc. Sand and mud shifted horizontally on beaches and flat land. X. Rails bent greatly. Underground pipelines completely out of services. XI. Damage nearly total. Large rock masses displaced. Lines of sight and level distorted. Objects thrown into air. Page 578 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 44 Nature of Hazard Due to its relative distance from the closest known active earthquake fault (Rose Canyon Fault), the city of Chula Vista is at low to moderate earthquake shaking potential, with the majority of risk confined to the western portion of the city. The most shaking would come from the Rose Canyon Fault scenario. The landslide threat is focused in the older developed areas around steep canyon slopes of known slide potential. The threat of liquefaction is relatively low; however, the alluvial areas of the Sweetwater and Otay Rivers and the Telegraph Canyon Channel are subject to liquefaction in both developed and undeveloped areas. Past Occurrences Historically, shaking from several earthquakes has been felt in Chula Vista but no identifiable damage has been reported as a result. Significance, Likelihood and Probability Earthquakes are listed as a “high” hazard significance for Chula Vista because of its close proximity to known fault zones and the construction of the west side of the City prior to established building codes. The criteria for earthquake consistently fall in the high classifications and the event is likely/highly likely to occur with severe strength over a significant portion of the city. Earthquakes are common in southern California and are likely to occur, with a 10 to 90 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of 1 to 10 years. Location The figures below display the location and extent of the profiled earthquake hazard areas for Chula Vista: Know Your Hazards – Earthquake (Chula Vista) Page 579 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 45 Earthquake - Rose Canyon Scenario (Magnitude 6.9) Page 580 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 46 Page 581 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 47 Earthquake - Mt. San Jacinto Fault Scenario (Magnitude 7.1) Page 582 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 48 Page 583 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 49 Earthquake - Elsinore Fault Scenario (Magnitude 6.8) Page 584 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 50 Page 585 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 51 Soil Liquefaction Areas Page 586 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 52 Climate Change Risks Description of Hazard Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. These shifts may be natural, such as through variations in the solar cycle. Climate change changes the usual weather found in a particular place. This could be a change in how much rain a place usually gets in a year. Or it could be a change in a place's usual temperature for a month or season. Climate change affects the frequency and intensity of the various weather conditions. The consequences of climate change now include, among others, intense and longer periods of drought, water scarcity, more frequent and severe wildfires, rising sea levels, flooding, and catastrophic storms. Nature of Hazard While the City of Chula Vista enjoys a mild, Mediterranean climate the community is still susceptible to extreme weather events, which are being amplified by climate change. Scientists have seen that average San Diego County temperatures have increased 3 F over historical averages and forecast average summer temperatures will be 5 F to 10 F warmer by the end of the century, with extreme heat events also becoming more frequent and intense in the region. These heat events present a direct hazard to residents without air-conditioning and to vulnerable populations (such as seniors, the medically fragile, homeless, outdoor workers and others who are not able to take shelter). While inland areas typically see larger temperature increases, the strongest health impacts have been found at the coast, where residents are used to relatively mild temperatures and are not acclimated to heat. Extreme heat events can also impact local air quality conditions through the increase of smog-forming, ground-level ozone levels and result in additional public health concerns. Finally, the highly variable precipitation and sustained dry weather conditions further stress local water supplies as well as increase wildfire threats with the potential to increase the area burned in the County by up to 50%. While there is an overall trend towards less precipitation, there is also an expected increase flooding risk because the wettest days are expected to be up to 30% wetter by the end of the century. These events will also be exacerbated along the bay shoreline due to sea level rise that could be as much as 0.8 feet by 2050 and almost 5 feet by 2100. Past Occurrences Climate change has never been directly linked to any disasters within Chula Vista. While the planning team noted that climate change is of concern, no specific impacts of climate change could be recalled. Planning team members agree that the strength of storms does appear to be increasing and that temperatures are getting hotter. Significance, Likelihood and Probability Climate change is listed as a “medium” hazard significance for Chula Vista because of the trends we continue to see weather impacts having on natural disasters. The criteria for climate change risks consistently fall into the medium-moderate rating. The occurrences of climate change events cannot be directly tied to any disasters experienced by the gradual increase in climate change is likely to have some occasional impact on the disasters. Climate change impacts are noticeable but not devastating at this time. Page 587 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 53 Location There are no specific locations that are impacted by climate change risks. The entire city is vulnerable to climate change risks. Extreme Heat Description of Hazard Extreme heat is a period of high heat and humidity with temperatures above 90 degrees for at least two to three days. In extreme heat your body works extra hard to maintain a normal temperature, which can lead to death. Extreme heat is responsible for the highest number of annual deaths among all weather-related hazards. Nature of Hazard In most of the United States, including the entire planning area, extreme heat is a long period (2 to 3 days) of high heat and humidity with temperatures above 90 degrees. Although extreme heat does not cause structural damage like floods, fires, and earthquakes, heat waves claim many lives due to heat exhaustion and heat stroke. According to a California Energy Commission Study, from 1994 to 2009, heat waves have claimed more lives in California than all declared disaster events combined. Despite this history, not a single heat emergency was formally proclaimed at the state level or as a federal disaster between 1960 and 2008. However, the California State Hazard Mitigation Plan considers extreme heat a legitimate disaster type. Past Occurrences Chula Vista has experienced many extreme heat events, with increasing significance since the last update of the MJHMP. During these events across the County, measures are taken to help aid the community in battling the extreme conditions, including opening and operating “Cool Zones’ to provide temperature-controlled sheltering for individuals who have no alternate reprieve. Most recently, San Diego County was pounded with a record-breaking heat wave that lasted for two weeks. Daytime temperatures were above 90 degrees for the entre time period, and nighttime lows were in the seventy to eighty degree range. Significance, Likelihood and Probability Probability of future events is highly likely: 90 to 100 percent probability of occurrence in the next year or a recurrence interval of less than 1 year. The overall significance is rated as high, meaning the criteria for extreme heat conditions consistently fall in the high classifications and the event is likely/highly likely to occur with severe strength over a significant to extensive portion of the city. Location The entire planning area is facing an increase in the frequency, duration, and strength of heat waves in the coming decades. Research also indicates that heat waves are likely to become more humid in the future and with nighttime temperatures staying high, further stressing public health. Page 588 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 54 Severe Wind Although severe wind is listed as a “medium” ranked hazard for the City of Chula Vista. This hazard is omitted from a complete hazard profile because wind events in Chula Vista do not meet the criteria for severe wind as defined by the National Weather Service. To be considered severe, associated wind gusts must be 58 mph or greater (50 knots or greater). Damaging winds are classified as those exceeding 50-60 mph. The city of Chula Vista does not experience sustained winds or wind gusts that reach those levels. 5.4. Potential Hazard Exposure and Loss Estimates The City of Chula Vista reviewed a set of jurisdictional-level hazard maps and data provided by the County of San Diego, including detailed critical facility information and localized potential hazard exposure/loss estimates related to residential, commercial, and critical asset/facilities to identify the top hazards threatening their jurisdiction. Potential hazard exposure/loss estimates are summarized in the tables below: SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL HAZARD -RELATED EXPOSURE /LOSS IN CITY OF CHULA VISTA Residential Commercial Critical Facilities Hazard Type Exposed Population Number of Residential Buildings Potential Exposure Loss for Residential Buildings Number of Commercial Buildings Potential Exposure Loss for Commercial Buildings Number of Critical Facilities Potential Exposure for Critical Facilities Coastal Storm 0 0 $0 0 $0 0 $0 Sea Level Rise Coastal Flooding 116 0 $0 0 $0 1 $6,670,000 Mean Higher High Water 0 0 $0 0 0 1 $6,670,000 Dam Failure 15,822 2,297 $892,614,200 628 $189,875,800 28 $1,141,742,000 Earthquake (Loss) (Annualized Loss - Includes shaking, liquefaction and landslide components) 3,170 3,342 $2,005,904,611 342 $163,269,000 4 $127,500,000 100 Year 0 0 $0 0 $0 0 0 500 Year 0 0 $0 0 $0 0 0 Rose Canyon M6.9 Scenario 210,011 46,508 $18,068,358,000 4,483 $1,355,435,050 156 $8,601,070,500 Floods (Loss) Page 589 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 55 100 Year 1,741 633 $245,983,800 169 $51,097,150 18 $1,019,576,000 500 Year 14,651 3,628 $1,409,840,800 556 $168,106,600 29 $2,102,884,000 Rain-Induced Landslide High Risk 865 0 $0 0 $0 0 $0 Moderate Risk 0 0 $0 0 $0 0 $0 Tsunami 228 0 $0 0 $0 0 $0 Wildfire/Structure Fire High Fire Hazard 8,464 2,863 $1,112,275,500 57 $17,233,950 6 $67,438,000 Very High Fire Hazard 15,354 2,583 $1,003,753,800 64 $19,350,400 2 $50,048,000 Page 590 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION FIVE | Conduct a Risk Assessment 56 TABLE 5.2B INVENTORY EXPOSURE FOR INFRASTRUCTURE CITY OF C HULA VISTA Hazard Type Data HWY OIL GAS RR TOTAL Coastal Storm Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) $0 $0 $0 $0 Sea Level Rise Coastal Flooding Total KMs 1.83652 0.46008 0 2.30 Exposure (x$1,000) $12,245,915 $314,235 $0 $12,560,150 Mean Higher High Water Total KMs 0.78439 0.19520 0 0.98 Exposure (x$1,000) $5,230,333 $133,320 $0 $5,363,652 Dam Failure Total KMs 114.036169 4.894356 1.94398 120.87 Exposure (x$1,000) $760,393,175 $3,342,845 $2,915,970 $766,651,990 Earthquake (Loss) 100 Year Total KMs 3.168 0 0 3.168 Exposure (x$1,000) $0 $0 500 Year Number 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) $0 $0 $0 $0 Flood (Loss) 100 Year Total KMs 31.6111 3.4751 0.13 35.22 Exposure (x$1,000) $210,782,781 $2,373,489 $193,889 $213,350,159 500 Year Total KMs 0 0 0 0 Exposure (x$1,000) $0 $0 $0 $0 Rain-Induced Landslide High Risk Total KMs 0.000257 0 0 0.000257 Exposure (x$1,000) $1,714 $0 $0 $1,714 Moderate Risk Total KMs 0.441002 0.000002 0 0.44 Exposure (x$1,000) $2,940,601 $1 $0 $2,940,602 Tsunami Total KMs 0.34857 0 0 0.34857 Exposure (x$1,000) $2,324,265 $0 $0 $2,324,265 Wildfire/Structure Fire Total KMs 32.84054 1.49899 0 34.34 High Fire Hazard Exposure (x$1,000) $218,980,701 $1,023,809 $0 $220,004,510 Very High Fire Hazard Total KMs 41.085761 3.757584 0 44.84 Exposure (x1000) $273,959,854 $2,566,430 $0 $276,526,284 Total Number 226.152309 14.281312 2.07398 242.506827 Total Exposure (x $1,000) $1,486,859,339 $9,754,129 $3,109,859 $1,499,723,326 Page 591 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 57 6. SECTION SIX: Develop a Mitigation Strategy The mitigation strategy serves as the long-term blueprint for reducing potential losses identified in the risk assessment. The mitigation strategy describes how the community will accomplish the overall purpose, or mission, of the planning process. The mitigation strategy is made up of three main required components: mitigation goals, mitigation actions, and an action plan for implementation. These provide the framework to identify, prioritize, and implement actions to reduce risk to hazards. Mitigation goals are general guidelines that explain what the community wants to achieve with the plan. They are usually broad policy-type statements that are long-term, and they represent visions for reducing or avoiding losses from the identified hazards Mitigation actions are specific projects and activities that help achieve the goals. The action plan describes how the mitigation actions will be implemented, including how those actions will be prioritized, administered, and incorporated into the existing planning mechanisms. Although not required, objectives can be used to help define or organize mitigation actions. Objectives are broader than specific actions, but are measurable, unlike goals. Objectives connect goals with the actual mitigation actions 6.1. Mitigation Action Evaluation The table below was used to evaluate and prioritize each mitigation action being considered by the planning team. For each action, the planning team evaluated the potential benefits and/or likelihood of successful implementation for the criteria defined below. Rank each of the criteria with a -1, 0 or 1 using the following scale: • 1 = Highly effective or feasible • 0 = Neutral • -1 = Ineffective or not feasible Example Evaluation Criteria: • Life Safety – How effective will the action be at protecting lives and preventing injuries? • Property Protection – How significant will the action be at eliminating or reducing damage to structures and infrastructure? Page 592 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 58 • Technical – Is the mitigation action technically feasible? Is it a long-term solution? Eliminate actions that, from a technical standpoint, will not meet the goals. • Political – Is there overall public support for the mitigation action? Is there the political will to support it? • Legal – Does the community have the authority to implement the action? • Environmental – What are the potential environmental impacts of the action? Will it comply with environmental regulations? • Social – Will the proposed action adversely affect one segment of the population? Will the action disrupt established neighborhoods, break up voting districts, or cause the relocation of lower income people? • Administrative – Does the community have the personnel and administrative capabilities to implement the action and maintain it or will outside help be necessary? • Local Champion – Is there a strong advocate for the action or project among local departments and agencies that will support the action’s implementation? • Other Community Objectives – Does the action advance other community objectives, such as capital improvements, economic development, environmental quality, or open space preservation? Does it support the policies of the comprehensive plan? Mitigation Action Life Safety Property Protection Technical Political Legal Environme ntal Social Administra tive Local Champion Other Communit y Objectives Total Score Local Plans and Regulations Goal: Promote Disaster Resistant Existing and Future Development Develop a comprehensive approach to implement the City’s General Plan and zoning codes to ensure that development is limited in hazard areas. 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 9 Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Geological Hazards Ensure the City has a comprehensive approach to earthquake impacts, inclusive of data driven mitigation and preparedness efforts, and response procedures. 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 6 Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Dam Failure Coordinate with local dam operators to review dam plans and exercise response procedures for dam related emergencies, 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 8 Page 593 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 59 Mitigation Action Life Safety Property Protection Technical Political Legal Environme ntal Social Administra tive Local Champion Other Communit y Objectives Total Score including preparedness efforts to inform the community of the dam failure threat. Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Flooding Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets, including people and critical infrastructure due to flooding / Flood Plain Management Ordinance 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 8 Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets, including people and critical infrastructure due to flooding / General Plan Update 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 8 Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets, including people and critical infrastructure due to flooding / Maintenance 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 8 Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Climate Change Risks Promote adaptation to climate change impacts 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 9 Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Tsunami Update and socialize tsunami response plans among City officials and responders. 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 8 Structure and Infrastructure Projects Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Structure Fire/Wildland Fire Reduce the fire risk in the wildland urban interface through improved annual vegetation management and appropriate code enforcement 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 9 Page 594 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 60 Mitigation Action Life Safety Property Protection Technical Political Legal Environme ntal Social Administra tive Local Champion Other Communit y Objectives Total Score Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Flooding Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets, including people and critical infrastructure due to flooding / Land Development 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 8 Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets, including people and critical infrastructure due to flooding / Telegraph Canyon Channel Improvement Project 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 7 Natural Systems Protection Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Flooding Reduce Emissions 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 7 Education and Awareness Programs Goal: Promote Public Understanding, Support, and Demand for Hazard Mitigation Improve public knowledge of natural and non-natural hazards and protective measures so individuals appropriately prepare for and respond to such hazards. 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 9 Goal: Build and Sustain a Local Commitment to Become Less Vulnerable to Hazards Establish public and private relationships and partnerships to build an increased (resource) capacity for preparing for and responding to emergencies 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 7 Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Structure Fire/Wildland Fire Conduct a fuels study to better understand the wildfire risk is all areas of the city. 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 8 Page 595 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 61 Mitigation Action Life Safety Property Protection Technical Political Legal Environme ntal Social Administra tive Local Champion Other Communit y Objectives Total Score Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Flooding Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets, including people and critical infrastructure due to flooding by maintaining clear & improving risk prone areas / Education 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 8 Page 596 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 62 6.2. Mitigation Action Implementation A mitigation action is a specific action, project, activity, or process taken to reduce or eliminate long-term risk to people and property from hazards and their impacts. Implementing mitigation actions helps achieve the plan’s mission and goals. The actions to reduce vulnerability to threats and hazards form the core of the plan and are a key outcome of the planning process. Mitigation actions will be reviewed on an annual basis to track progress and effectiveness. Mitigation actions will be completed, revised, or removed with every five-year update of the Hazard Mitigation Plan. The mitigation actions listed below include information on the hazard identified, the primary issue, ideas for implementing the mitigation action and the lead and supporting agencies for ensuring its implementation. Additionally, potential funding sources are including for each mitigation action. For more information on potential funding sources and grants, please see the County of San Diego Multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Base Plan, Section 6.2 This annex details the following mitigation action implementations: 6.2.1. Goal: Promote Public Understanding, Support, and Demand for Hazard Mitigation Hazard: All-hazards Background/Issue: Although natural disasters do not occur as frequently in Chula Vista, the threat and risk of significant impact exists. As a result, there is a false sense of security and negligence surrounding personal disaster preparedness and mitigation efforts. The community should have a thorough understanding of the existing hazards and their risk. More information should be provided to residents and be made available through City sponsored channels so that residents can educate and protect themselves. Mitigation Action/Project: Public Education Program - Improve public knowledge of natural and non-natural hazards and protective measures so individuals appropriately prepare for and respond to such hazards, accomplished by: • Developing educational videos identifying the various threats within the City of Chula Vista • Participate in national preparedness month through promoting awareness to introduce new hazard information or reeducate the community of all hazards Ideas for Integration: • Produce educational videos of the threats that exist within the city and publicize withing the community • Utilize national disaster preparedness and awareness campaigns to introduce or reeducate the community about risks/hazards within the city. Responsible Agency: Fire Department, Emergency Management Partners: Office of Communications County of San Diego Office of Emergency Services Page 597 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 63 Potential Funding: State Homeland Security Grant Program Cost Estimate: Unknown Benefits: (Losses Avoided) Protection of life and property Timeline: 2022-2027 and ongoing Priority: Low Worksheet Completed by: Marlon King, Fire Department 6.2.2. Goal: Build and Sustain a Local Commitment to Become Less Vulnerable to Hazards Hazard: All-hazards Background/Issue: Disaster mitigation must involve investment and participation from the entire community. Local governments have a limit to the resources available and could benefit from having private sector partners who can support mitigation efforts. Public private partnerships are mutually beneficial and maximize resources that help protect the community. Mitigation Action/Project: Public/Private Partnership Initiative - Establish public and private relationships and partnerships to build an increased (resource) capacity for preparing for and responding to emergencies. Ideas for Integration: • Begin discussions with the Chamber of Commerce to identify strategies to integrate with the business community on disaster mitigation efforts • Attend local Chamber of Commerce meetings to promote disaster preparedness and mitigation efforts • Establish a community incentive program that promotes preparedness and mitigation Responsible Agency: Chula Vista Fire Department, Emergency Management Partners: Chamber of Commerce Economic Development Department Page 598 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 64 Potential Funding: General Fund Public-Private Partnership Grants Economic Development Funding Cost Estimate: Unknown Benefits: (Losses Avoided) Protection of life and property, including lifeline infrastructure of local businesses. Timeline: 2022-2027 Priority: Low Worksheet Completed by: Marlon King, Fire Department 6.2.3. Goal: Promote Disaster Resistant Existing and Future Development Hazard: All-hazards Mitigation Action/Project: Comprehensive and Inclusive Planning Procedures - Develop a comprehensive approach to implementing the City’s General Plan and zoning codes to ensure that development is limited in hazard areas. Background/Issue: Existing and Future development need to ensure the safety of the residents in their homes. Existing homes would be assisted by any retrofitting needs or additions to the structure to ensure the safety of the homeowner. Future development needs to be placed in areas that are outside of areas identified as hazard areas. If a future development is adjacent to a hazard area, technical studies, defensible space between the development and hazard area would be applied, and any additional measure s identified through technical analysis of the specific hazard area. Ideas for Integration: • Update the City’s Safety Element of the General Plan. • Update the City’s zoning ordinance to ensure new development is prohibited in extreme hazard areas that cannot be mitigated and set aside as open space. • Amend the Fire Code and Building Code, as necessary, to be consistent with the appropriate policies of the General Plan. • Establish and enforce buffer zones for development near hazard prone areas. • Identify land uses appropriate to specific hazard areas. • Continue to provide hazmat compliance review any time a permit is obtained for any improvement on new and existing hazardous occupancies. • Use hazard overlays, including updating databases/GIS to identify hazard Page 599 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 65 prone new development. Responsible Agency: Development Services Department Partners: Engineering Department, Fire Department, IT Department Potential Funding: Development Impact Fees from development projects and possible Grant Funding (Federal/State) Cost Estimate: Unknown Benefits: (Losses Avoided) This will allow the City to reduce/eliminate potential hazards with existing and future development that will ensure safety to our residents. Timeline: 2022-2027 Priority: High Worksheet Completed by: Laura C. Black, Assistant Director of Development Services, Development Services 6.2.4. Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Structure Fire/Wildland Fire Hazard: Wildfire Background/Issue: The City of Chula Vista has more than 30 wildland urban interface (WUI) areas throughout the city. More than 2,000 homes directly border these open space areas, and more than 350,000 structures are within "ember spotting zones". The City does not have an adequate budget to properly maintain the recommended separation of wild land vegetation and adjacent structures. Fire modeling has identified many of the canyons within the city of Chula Vista as “High” and “Very High” Fire Hazard areas. The homes that line the canyon rim and homes within the ember zones are at highest risk of fires, such as those experienced during the 2003, 2007, and 2014 wildfire events in San Diego County. Since the last fires, several years have gone by without adequate vegetation management, which has led to increased fuel loading within the open space areas, allowing both native and invasive species to grow uncontrolled. In some cases, species have grown up to 20 feet tall. Additionally, much of the adjacent Page 600 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 66 construction was completed prior to fuel modification requirements and subsequent establishment of open-space areas within the canyons, which has allowed for the accumulation of vegetative biomass in close proximity to residential structures that do not include the latest structural code improvements. These open space areas are also occupied by the city's transient population, which has previously resulted in accidental vegetation fires. These vegetation fires occur several times per month. Since 2005, Chula Vista has averaged 38+ wildland responses per year. With limited funds to establish a vegetation management program, homes within the ember zone will continue to remain at high risk. As it stands, the city's wildland urban interface protection is inadequate and does not provide a defensible space for the Fire Department to defend these homes Mitigation Action/Project: Vegetation Management Program - Reduce the fire risk in the wildland urban interface through improved annual vegetation management and appropriate code enforcement Ideas for Integration: • Continually seek mitigation funding from several funding sources, including the State Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, Pre-Disaster Mitigation Program, Cal Fire Wildfire Prevention Grants Program, etc. • Adopt local ordinances allowing residences in wildfire threat areas to assist with vegetation management adjacent to their property • Coordinate with the State to identify additional vegetation management options Responsible Agency: Chula Vista Fire Department Partners: Chula Vista Public Works Department Chula Vista Development Services Department State of California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services Potential Funding: Hazard Mitigation Grant Program Pre-Disaster Mitigation Grant Program Cal Fire Wildfire Prevention Grants Program Cost Estimate: TBD Benefits: (Losses Avoided) Protect life and property within several communities in Chula Vista Timeline: 2022-2027 and ongoing Priority: High Worksheet Completed by: Marlon King, Fire Department Page 601 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 67 Hazard: Wildfire/Structure Fire Background/Issue: The wildfire risk that exists in Chula Vista is based on several factors, including fuel type, fuel density, topography, etc. To better understand the risk that the city faces, a risk assessment should be conducted, inclusive of a fuels study that can help the Fire Department understand how fires will behave in various locations throughout the city. All open space areas and canyons are not the same and the risk and fire behavior in each area will also be different. A better understanding of the fire potenti al and characteristics as well as modeling will help the City be better prepared to respond. Mitigation Action/Project: Fuels Study Project - Conduct a fuels study to better understand the wildfire risk in all areas of the city. Ideas for Integration: • Identify scientific agencies or groups that can perform a study of the fuels in Chula Vista • Identify scientific agencies or groups that could perform fire behavior modeling for the various fire threats in the city Responsible Agency: Chula Vista Fire Department Partners: Development Services Department Public Works Department Potential Funding: General Fund Hazard Mitigation Grant Program Cost Estimate: Unknown Benefits: (Losses Avoided) Protect life and property within the city Timeline: 2022-2027 Priority: Medium Worksheet Completed by: Marlon King, Fire Department Page 602 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 68 6.2.5. Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Geological Hazards Hazard: Earthquake Background/Issue: Due to its relative distance from the closest known active earthquake fault (Rose Canyon Fault), the city of Chula Vista is at low to moderate earthquake shaking potential, with most of the risk confined to the western portion of the city. The landslide threat is focused in the older developed areas around steep canyon slopes of known slide potential. The threat of liquefaction is relatively low; however, the alluvial areas of the Sweetwater and Otay Rivers and the Telegraph Canyon Channel are subject to liquefaction in both developed and undeveloped areas. Mitigation Action/Project: Earthquake Mitigation Planning Guidance - Ensure the City has a comprehensive approach to earthquake impacts, inclusive of data driven mitigation and preparedness efforts, and response procedures. Ideas for Integration: • Develop a comprehensive approach to reducing the possibility of damage and losses due to geological hazards. • Protect existing assets with the highest relative vulnerability to the effects of geological hazards. • Coordinate with and support existing efforts to mitigate geological hazards (e.g., California Geological Survey, US Geological Survey). Responsible Agency: Chula Vista Fire Department, Emergency Management Partners: Development Services Department Potential Funding: Hazard Mitigation Grant Program Cost Estimate: Unknown Benefits: (Losses Avoided) Protection of life and property Timeline: 2022-2027 Priority: Medium Page 603 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 69 Worksheet Completed by: Marlon King, Fire Department 6.2.6. Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Dam Failure Hazard: Dam Failure Background/Issue: The threat of dam failure is not widely known within the city of Chula Vista and response exercises and training has not been provided to first responders. Dam Plans should be shared among first responders and response operations should be practiced on a continual basis. Mitigation Action/Project: Dam Preparedness and Response Guide - Coordinate with local dam operators to review dam plans and exercise response procedures for dam related emergencies, including preparedness efforts to inform the community of the dam failure threat. Ideas for Integration: • Coordinate with local dam operators to review and update plans as necessary • Review and understand the impacts of dam failure within the community • Inform community members of potential threats from dam failure emergencies • Provide training and exercise for first responders on dam failure emergencies Responsible Agency: Chula Vista Fire Department Partners: Otay Water District Sweetwater Authority Chula Vista Police Department Chula Vista Public Works Department Chula Vista Office of Communications County of San Diego Office of Emergency Services Potential Funding: General Fund Federal Community Preparedness Grants Cost Estimate: Unknown Benefits: (Losses Avoided) Protect loss of life and property Timeline: 2022-2027 and ongoing Page 604 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 70 Priority: Medium Worksheet Completed by: Marlon King, Fire Department 6.2.7. Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Flooding Hazard: Flooding Background/Issue: By having a Floodplain Ordinance & Drainage Master Plan, which is regularly monitored and updated, the city can keep damage and loss to assets, people, and infrastructure to a minimum. Mitigation Action/Project: Flooding Education Program - Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets, including people and critical infrastructure due to flooding by maintaining clear & improving risk prone areas / Education Ideas for Integration: • Minimize repetitive losses caused by flooding. • Request assistance from State and Federal governments, as necessary, to enable the City to maintain compliance with the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) requirements. • Maintain strict development standards for any request to develop in risk prone areas. • Education Program on importance of maintaining drainage system clear of debris. Responsible Agency: City of Chula Vista Partners: City of Chula Vista Engineering Department & Public Works Department. Potential Funding: Floodplain Management, Protection and Risk Awareness (FMPRA) Grant Program Cost Estimate: $100,000 Benefits: (Losses Avoided) Unknown. Page 605 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 71 Timeline: Complete by end of FY23. Priority: Low Worksheet Completed by: Frank Rivera, Engineering & Capital Projects Department. Hazard: Flooding Background/Issue: The City of Chula Vista covers approximately 52-square miles and a population of over 275,000. Chula Vista Municipal Code includes a Flood Plain Ordinance which allows for residents to qualify for the FEMA Flood Insurance Risk Program to enable the City to maintain compliance with the National Flood insurance Program (NFIP) requirements. Thus, residents are allowed to reduce their risk caused by flood events which helps protect their assets and keep personal financial losses to assets, people, and infrastructure to a minimum. Mitigation Action/Project: Flood Plain Management Ordinance Ideas for Integration: • Incorporate information on projected sea level rise into the assessment of areas affected by the 100-year flood. • Provide information on State and Federal funding sources available to flood - proof existing structures/facilities in flood-prone areas. • Periodically review City compliance with NFIP requirements. • Review current dam failure information/data for clarity and accuracy. • Review current evacuation plans for accuracy and practicality and publicize these plans. • Obtain and review State-mandated annual dam assessment reports. • Identify and prioritize critical facilities within dam inundation zones. • Identify vulnerable populations within dam inundation areas. • Identify Federal and State funding to minimize/mitigate dam inundation hazards to critical facilities and vulnerable populations. • Update plans/data periodically to adequately represent existing conditions/ vulnerable populations. • Conduct survey of assets within dam inundation areas. Responsible Agency: City of Chula Vista Engineering & Capital Projects Department Partners: City of Chula Vista Development Services Department, Public Works, GIS. Potential Funding: Development Impact Fees, Master Fee Schedule, General Fund. Page 606 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 72 Cost Estimate: Partial Full Cost Recovery Benefits: (Losses Avoided) Unknown. Timeline: Ongoing program. Priority: Medium Worksheet Completed by: Frank Rivera/Engineering & Capital Projects Department Hazard: Flooding Background/Issue: The General Plan identifies land uses and features such as drainage basins within our jurisdiction and sphere of influence. Clearly defined areas for development and open spaces help protect assets and keeps losses to assets, people and infrastructure to a minimum. Mitigation Action/Project: General Plan Update Ideas for Integration: • Encourage the establishment of adequate open space in flood zones as indicated on FEMA flood maps. • Update Drainage Element of the General Plan based upon actual developed conditions (General Plan, GMOC Section). • Discourage the disruption of natural flowage patterns and encourage the maximum use of natural and naturalized drainage ways in new development (General Plan drainage and flood control policies). • Update plans/data periodically to adequately represent existing conditions/ vulnerable populations. Responsible Agency: City of Chula Vista Partners: City of Chula Vista. Public via outreach and workshop events. Potential Funding: General Fund. Cost Estimate: $1,000,000 Page 607 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 73 Benefits: (Losses Avoided) Unknown. Timeline: Three years. Priority: High Worksheet Completed by: Frank Rivera/Engineering & Capital Projects Department Hazard: Flooding Background/Issue: The City of Chula Vista covers approximately 52-square miles and a population of over 275,000. Due to land use regulations at the local, state & federal level, all land development applications must be carefully evaluated on a case-by-case basis for conformance to these regulations in order to help protect assets and keep losses to assets, people and infrastructure to a minimum. Mitigation Action/Project: Review, Update and Enforce Land Development Policies and Procedures Ideas for Integration: • Continue to review applications for new development within the City in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) provisions set forth by the State of California, thereby requiring individualized studies for flood hazards on an as-needed basis and establishing mitigation measures for the development project before construction begins. • Monitor and enforce compliance with CEQA-mandated mitigation measures and FEMA requirements during development and construction, as the project requires. • Continue to require flood control improvements of new development where flooding is already a problem (existing ordinances). • Where possible, implement drainage improvements with an emphasis on improving downstream facilities before improving upstream facilities, unless upstream mitigation (such as detention or retention basins) is provided. • Require the submittal of Letters of Map Revision (LOMRs)/ Letters of Map Amendment (LOMAs) as required by FEMA. • Continue to review applications for new development within the City in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) provisions set forth by the State of California, thereb y requiring individualized studies for flood hazards on an as-needed basis and establishing mitigation measures for the development project before construction begins. • Monitor and enforce compliance with CEQA mandated mitigation measures during development and construction, as the development project requires. Page 608 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 74 Responsible Agency: City of Chula Vista Development Services Department Partners: City of Chula Vista Engineering Department, Public Works, GIS. Potential Funding: Development Impact Fees, Master Fee Schedule. Cost Estimate: Full Cost Recovery Benefits: (Losses Avoided) Unknown. Timeline: Ongoing program. Priority: Medium Worksheet Completed by: Frank Rivera/Engineering & Capital Projects Department Hazard: Flooding Background/Issue: The City of Chula Vista covers approximately 52-square miles. Due to the development, there are many natural and manmade drainage facilities that must be maintained clear of debris and functional to help protect assets and keeps losses to assets, people and infrastructure to a minimum. Mitigation Action/Project: Maintenance Program Ideas for Integration: • Develop a comprehensive approach to reducing the possibility of damage and losses due to floods by maintaining an annual maintenance program & capital program. • Protect existing assets with the highest relative vulnerability to the effects of floods within the 100-year floodplain. • Prevent deposit of fill or construction within any floodway. • Identify and define local hazard areas and to monitor floodplain management. • Update Flood layers in GIS upon FEMA approval of LOMRs/LOMAs. • Obtain and review State-mandated annual dam assessment reports. • Identify and prioritize critical facilities within dam inundation zones. • Conduct survey of assets within dam inundation areas. Page 609 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 75 Responsible Agency: City of Chula Vista Public Works Department Partners: City of Chula Vista Public Works, GIS. Potential Funding: General Fund, Storm Drain Fund Cost Estimate: $2.0 million Benefits: (Losses Avoided) Unknown. Timeline: Annual maintenance program. Priority: High Worksheet Completed by: Frank Rivera/Engineering & Capital Projects Department Hazard: Flooding Background/Issue: By having a Drainage Master Plan that identifies assets and needs in all drainage basins within our jurisdiction, the city can stay aware of drainage system maintenance needs and improvement needs to keep damage and loss to assets, people, and infrastructure to a minimum. Mitigation Action/Project: Telegraph Canyon Channel Improvement Project Ideas for Integration: • Develop a comprehensive approach to reducing the possibility of damage and losses due to floods. • Protect existing assets with the highest relative vulnerability to the effects of floods within the 100-year floodplain. Responsible Agency: City of Chula Vista Partners: City of Chula Vista, adjacent property owners, resource agencies. Page 610 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 76 Potential Funding: Local sales tax, developer impact fees and Federal ARPA funds. Cost Estimate: $13,000,000 Benefits: (Losses Avoided) Unknown. Timeline: Preliminary studies & design have started. Construction to be completed by FY25. Priority: High Worksheet Completed by: Frank Rivera/Engineering & Capital Projects Department 6.2.8. Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Climate Change Risks Hazard: Climate Change Risks Background/Issue: The average San Diego County temperatures have increased 3 degrees F over historical averages and forecasted average summer temperatures will be 5 degrees F to 10 degrees F warmer by the end of the century. Wildfires are expected to incr ease in size and while our region is projected to receive less precipitation, it is expected to come in more high intensity events, which can increase flooding. These known and expected consequences of climate change require us to put in place policies an d programs that reduce the impact to residents and businesses. Mitigation Action/Project: Promote adaptation to climate change impacts Ideas for Integration: • Promote Chula Vista Climate Equity Index and Cal EnviroScreen tool to identify populations effected by extreme heat and other climate impacts. • Update Climate Equity Index to identify highest heat island index areas in order to more effectively target mitigation activities such as shade trees, cool roofs and cool pavement. • Continue to operate cool zones in diverse areas around the City and ensure that critical facilities in the city, such as community services, cool zones and other emergency shelters, are able to provide adequate air-conditioning during loss of grid-supplied power. Page 611 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 77 • Update, as needed, and continue to implement the Healthy Chula Vista Action Plan or any other plans that comprehensively support public health • Update, as needed, and continue to implement the Chula Vista General Plan and Climate Action Plan, including the most recently adopted adaptation plan to incorporate the most recent scientific data and to ensure that public service and infrastructure are resilient to climate change. • Continue promotion of public awareness about extreme heat, drought and related climate change concerns. • Increase building codes and update city facilities to best prepare buildings for impacts of heat waves, drought and other climate change risks. • Work with regional partners, such as the San Diego Regional Climate Collaborative and the County’s 211 helpline to promote regional action and information distribution. Responsible Agency: Economic Development Partners: Development Services, Public Works, Fire, Community Services Departments, SANDAG, The Port of San Diego, County of San Diego, State of California Potential Funding: City General Fund, SANDAG, State grants (CalRecycle, CEC, CPUC, Natural Resource Agency) and incentives programs, Sweetwater Authority, Otay Water District Cost Estimate: Unknown Benefits: (Losses Avoided) By adapting and reducing the negative impacts our community is seeing from climate change, such as increased heat waves, wildfire, sea level rise, flooding, and droughts we will reduce the economic and health impacts to community members and city infrastructure. Timeline: 2022-2027 Priority: High Worksheet Completed by: Cory Downs, Economic Development Hazard: Climate Change Risks Background/Issue: Rising greenhouse gas emissions increase the impacts of climate change felt in Chula Vista. The City must reduce community wide emissions to net zero by 2045 to be in line with the state of California and the Science Based Reduction targets. Page 612 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 78 Priority Mitigation Action/Project: Reduce Emissions Ideas for Integration: • Implement the Climate Action Plan and work with community stakeholders to updated as necessary, approximately every 5-7 years. • Work with local energy utilities to reach 100% decarbonized energy sources of electricity and natural gas by 2045 at the latest. • Update building codes to promote water conservation, decarbonized buildings and decarbonized transportation • Implement the Zero Waste Plan to reduce direct and upstream greenhouse gas emission from the waste sector • Implement the Active transportation plan to support biking and walking transportation items. • Continue to implement complete communities, transit focused development and other land use planning efforts called out in Specific Area Plans, Urban Plans and General Plan to reduce Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) • Study to opportunity for carbon sequestration in Chula Vista and implement a pilot project to learn about costs and benefits. Responsible Agency: Economic Development Partners: Development Services, Public Works, Fire, Community Services Departments, SANDAG, The Port of San Diego, County of San Diego, State of California, San Diego Gas & Electric, San Diego Community Power Potential Funding: City General Fund, SANDAG, State grants (CalRecycle, CEC, CPUC) and incentives programs, San Diego Gas & Electric, San Diego Community Power, Sweetwater Authority, Otay Water District Cost Estimate: Unknown Benefits: (Losses Avoided) By reducing greenhouse gas emissions, we will reduce our community’s contribution to climate change and minimize our contribution to impacts such as increased heat waves, wildfire, sea level rise, flooding and droughts. Timeline: 2022-2027 Priority: High Worksheet Completed by: Cory Downs, Economic Development Page 613 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 79 6.2.9. Goal: Reduce the Possibility of Damage and Losses to Existing Assets, Including People and Critical Infrastructure, Due to Tsunami Hazard: Tsunami Background/Issue: The city of Chula Vista is a coastline community with some level of Tsunami threat. The most recent State of California tsunami maps for San Diego County were last updated in 2009. Neighboring counties have updated tsunami maps in 2021. Although existing data shows there is low impact from tsunami inundation in Chula Vista, the tsunami threat is not widely known and tsunami response operations have not been shared, exercised, or publicized. Priority Mitigation Action/Project: Update and socialize tsunami response plans among City officials and responders. Ideas for Integration: • Participate in the Tsunami Playbook update with the County of San Diego • Coordinate with County and the State to update tsunami inundation maps • Provide training to all City responders on tsunami response protocols • Coordinate with the Office of Communications to provide tsunami hazard and threat information to Chula Vista residents Responsible Agency: Chula Vista Fire Department, Emergency Management Partners: Office of Communications County of San Diego Office of Emergency Services California Geological Survey California Governor's Office of Emergency Services National Weather Service Chula Vista Police Department Chula Vista Public Works Department Potential Funding: Hazard Mitigation Grant Program Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities (BRIC) grant program Cost Estimate: Unknown Benefits: (Losses Avoided) Will protect loss of life and property Timeline: 2022-2027 Priority: Medium Page 614 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SIX | Develop a Mitigation Strategy 80 Worksheet Completed by: Marlon King, Chula Vista Fire Department Page 615 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 81 7. SECTION SEVEN: Keep the Plan Current Hazard Mitigation Plan maintenance is the process the planning team establishes to track the plan’s implementation progress and to inform the plan update. The plan must include a description of the method and schedule for monitoring, evaluating, and updating it within a 5- year cycle. These procedures help to: • Ensure that the mitigation strategy is implemented according to the plan. • Provide the foundation for an ongoing mitigation program in your community. • Standardize long-term monitoring of hazard-related activities. • Integrate mitigation principles into community officials’ daily job responsibilities and department roles. • Maintain momentum through continued engagement and accountability in the plan’s progress. Hazard Mitigation Plan updates provide the opportunity to consider how well the procedures established in the previously approved plan worked and revise them as needed. This annex is part of the most recent San Diego County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan update. The plan was last updated in 2018. See the San Diego County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan for more information. 7.1. Mitigation Action Progress Plan monitoring means tracking the implementation of the plan over time. Below is a review of the progress of mitigation actions listed in the 2018 Hazard Mitigation Plan. 2018 Priority Action #1 Progress Report Period From Date: 2017 To Date: 2022 Action/Project Title Provide and maintain adequate training for City emergency personnel to carry out local responsibilities during various types of emergencies. Responsible Department Fire Contact Name Marlon King Contact Phone/Email 619-409-5482 Mking@chulavistaca.gov Project Status • Ongoing Project Accomplishments • The Chula Vista Emergency Management Program hosted several drills and trainings for Emergency Operations Center staff and first responder personnel during this period. Trainings Page 616 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 82 2018 Priority Action #1 are designed to increase the education and understanding of roles and responsibilities during emergencies. • The City also activated the EOC multiple times for real world emergencies during this time and allowed staff to implement the skills and knowledge developed during trainings. Real world responses were successful. Obstacles, Problems, or Delays • Emergency response trainings often compete with day-to-day duties of City employees who are tasked with emergency roles as ancillary duties. Additionally, with the movement of employees throughout the City to various departments and new roles, and the constant turnover of employees in and out of the city, maintaining a cache of trained employees is difficult. Relevancy and Anticipated Project Changes • This project will always be relevant because being prepared is a staple of effective emergency management. Preparedness is imperative to the success of mitigation. Other Comments • None 2018 Priority Action #2 Progress Report Period From Date: 2017 To Date: 2022 Action/Project Title Update the City’s zoning ordinance periodically and address development in hazard areas and minimize zoning ambiguities. Responsible Department Development Services Department Contact Name Todd Philips Contact Phone/Email 619.409.5465 – Tphilips@chulavistaca.gov Project Status • Project delayed Project Accomplishments • Fee program was put in place to fund staff to support the proactive zoning ordinance update. Obstacles, Problems, or Delays • A dedicated staff member was hired and began work but left City employment after 1 year. City recruiting to fill the position. Relevancy and Anticipated Project Changes • This effort is still relevant and will continue to move forward. Page 617 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 83 2018 Priority Action #2 Other Comments • None 2018 Priority Action #3 Progress Report Period From Date: 2017 To Date: 2022 Action/Project Title Finalize and adopt a Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Responsible Department Fire Department Contact Name Justin Gipson – Division Chief of Fire Prevention/Fire Marshal Contact Phone/Email (619) 409-5841 - jgipson@chulavistaca.gov Project Status • Project completed Project Accomplishments • Although the development of the CWPP was completed in 2011, many of the objectives and activities within the plan are on-going. During this time, grant funding has been secured to perform vegetation management in the City’s highest risk open space areas. • Additionally, a mitigation project was completed in partnership with the Urban Corp to perform vegetation management activities in several other open space areas around the list. Obstacles, Problems, or Delays • None Relevancy and Anticipated Project Changes • None Other Comments • None 2018 Priority Action #4 Progress Report Period From Date: 2017 To Date: 2022 Action/Project Title Develop, implement, and maintain, when necessary, mutual aid agreements. Responsible Department All City Departments Contact Name Marlon King Contact (619) 409-5482 mking@chulavistaca.gov Page 618 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 84 2018 Priority Action #4 Phone/Email Project Status • Project On-going Project Accomplishments • The City continuously engages in partnerships that will enhance the City’s capabilities as it relates to disaster management. The City has established several MOUs with County partners, neighboring jurisdictions, non-profit agencies, and non- governmental organizations. Obstacles, Problems, or Delays • None Relevancy and Anticipated Project Changes • On-going. This project will always be relevant as new threats emerge and the need for cooperation among agencies will always exist. Other Comments • None 2018 Priority Action #5 Progress Report Period From Date: 2017 To Date: 2022 Action/Project Title Require Flood Hazards Studies for New Developments Responsible Department Development Services Department Contact Name Laura C. Black, AICP, Assistant Director of Development Services Contact Phone/Email 619.691.5002 lblack@chulavistaca.gov Project Status • Project on schedule o This project is an ongoing effort that occurs as part of the new development review process. Projects are evaluated for potential flood hazards and studies are required as part of that review process. Project Accomplishments • All new development projects were/are evaluated for potential flood hazards. Obstacles, Problems, or Delays • None Page 619 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 85 2018 Priority Action #5 Anticipated Project Changes • This project remains on-going Other Comments • None 2018 Priority Action #6 Progress Report Period From Date: 2017 To Date: 2022 Action/Project Title Provide citizens with Community Emergency Response Team training opportunities to increase public awareness of hazards and response to hazards, as resources are available. Responsible Department Fire Department Contact Name Marlon King Contact Phone/Email 619-409-5482 mking@chulavistaca.gov Project Status On-going Project Accomplishments • The Chula Vista Fire Depart CERT continued to operate during this time and hosted several public trainings, CERT Academies, and real- world deployments for CERT members. o Public Trainings included CPR certification, wildland urban interface education, fire extinguisher, first-aid, and gas meters, active shooter + stop the bleed. o CERT Academy was offered in both English and Spanish. Multiple academies were conducted in both languages during this time. A Teen CERT Academy was also conducted for the youth. o Deployments included smoke alarm installation, food distribution during COVID-19, and participation in full scale emergency response exercises. Obstacles, Problems, or Delays • None Relevancy and Anticipated Project Changes • None Page 620 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 86 2018 Priority Action #6 Other Comments • Funding continues to be a challenge. Additionally, keeping members engaged with new training opportunities and activations areas for improvement. 2018 Priority Action #7 Progress Report Period From Date: 2017 To Date: 2022 Action/Project Title Require structural flood control improvements of new development where flooding is already a problem (existing ordinances). Responsible Department Engineering Department Contact Name William Valle; Frank Rivera Contact Phone/Email WValle@chulavistaca.gov; FRivera@chulavistaca.gov Project Status On-going Project Accomplishments • The project we completed in this period has been the Willow Street Bridge which the new design is at a higher elevation than the old bridge as it crosses the Sweetwater River. The construction transfer memo is dated February 2017 and we finished it in December 2020. Obstacles, Problems, or Delays • None Relevancy and Anticipated Project Changes • None Other Comments • In our Floodplain Ordinance from 2019, there is language in it regarding the requirements for new development and also for any existing development that may have been approved prior. Note that there are many requirements in Chula Vista Municipal Code 14.18.270 through 290 on variances and appeals to allow for building in a Special Flood Hazard Area. We have a good system of checks & balances: o CVMC 14.18.010 - Our requirements to continue to participate in the Federal NFIP. o CVMC 14.18.050 – No structure will be allowed to be allowed in special flood areas without compliance to the ordinance. o CVMC 14.18.110 – Permits required for any development within the Special Flood Hazard Area Page 621 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 87 2018 Priority Action #7 o CVMC 14.18.230 – Duties of the City Engineer o CVMC 14.18.240 – Duties of the Building Official o CVMC 14.18.250 – Duties of the Planning Director o CVMC 14.18.270/280/290 – Floodplain Variances/Findings Necessary/Appeals • We have adopted the most recent model template ordinance that FEMA sent us and are in full compliance with their requirements. Page 622 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 88 7.2. Plan Update Evaluation Plan Section Considerations Explanation Planning Process Should new jurisdictions and/or districts be invited to participate in future plan updates? Future plan updates should include any agencies, or districts that have or support critical infrastructure. Have any internal or external agencies been invaluable to the mitigation strategy? All City Departments have been invaluable to the development of the City’s mitigation strategy. Moving forward, the Sustainability division within the City will be increasingly important because of the rapidly evolving climate change. The County of San Diego and State of California have been integral in the development of the mitigation plan and the securing of mitigation funding to support the goals and objectives identified within the plan. Can any procedures (e.g., meeting announcements, plan updates) be done differently or more efficiently? The new format of the hazard mitigation plan will streamline future plan updates and progress reporting. Has the Planning Team undertaken any public outreach activities? Yes, various departments have engaged with community groups and community members to understand concerns and identify areas for increased education and hazard mitigation improvement. How can public participation be improved? Public participation during this plan update was difficult and limited because of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the future, multiple community forums will be beneficial to the plan update. Have there been any changes in public support and/or decision- maker priorities related to hazard mitigation? Unknown. City leadership and public support remain aligned that hazard mitigation projects are necessary. The main point of contention is agreement on where the funding should come from. Capability Assessment Have jurisdictions adopted new policies, plans, regulations, or reports that could be incorporated into this plan? New ordinances (with a nexus to hazard mitigation) are developed as necessary, and as they are adopted, they will be incorporated into the hazard mitigation plan. Are there different or additional administrative, human, technical, and financial resources available for mitigation planning? Not at this time. Are there different or new education and outreach programs and resources available for mitigation activities? Unknown, but City staff will continue to explore educational and outreach options. Page 623 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 89 Has NFIP participation changed in the participating jurisdictions? No Risk Assessment Has a natural and/or technical or human-caused disaster occurred? Yes Should the list of hazards addressed in the plan be modified? Yes, only relevant hazards should be listed in the plan. Hazards vary by geographic location. Are there new data sources and/or additional maps and studies available? If so, what are they and what have they revealed? Should the information be incorporated into future plan updates? It is unknown if there are new mapping products and/or data sources available, however, new maps and data would be extremely helpful to portray how the disaster risk has changed from previous years. Do any new critical facilities or infrastructure need to be added to the asset lists? All new critical infrastructure should be included in the plan upon every plan update. Have any changes in development trends occurred that could create additional risks? The City is unaware of any development trends that have created more risk. Are there repetitive losses and/or severe repetitive losses to document? According to the 2022 FEMA Repetitive Loss Summary Report, the City of Chula Vista has 1 Repetitive Loss property, but no Severe Repetitive Loss properties. T ABLE 12: FEMA LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING HANDBOOK WORKSHEET 7.2 DATA. Plan Section Considerations Explanation Mitigation Strategy Is the mitigation strategy being implemented as anticipated? Were the cost and timeline estimates accurate? Mitigation strategies are implemented as anticipated and within planned budgets. Should new mitigation actions be added to the Action Plan? Should existing mitigation actions be revised or eliminated from the plan? At this time no new action should be added or eliminated but will be reviewed and evaluated for future updates of the plan. Are there new obstacles that were not anticipated in the plan that will need to be considered in the next plan update? Not at this time Are there new funding sources to consider? The City constantly reviews grant opportunities to maximize hazard mitigation funding. Have elements of the plan been incorporated into other planning mechanisms? Yes Was the plan monitored and evaluated as anticipated? Yes Page 624 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 90 Plan Maintenance Procedures What are needed improvements to the procedures? None at this time. T ABLE 13: FEMA LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING HANDBOOK WORKSHEET 7.2 DATA CONTINUE Page 625 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 91 7.3. Plan Maintenance, Monitoring, Evaluation and Updates Hazard Mitigation Plan maintenance is the process the Planning Team establishes to track the plan’s implementation progress and to inform the plan update. The plan must include a description of the method and schedule for monitoring, evaluating, and updating it within a 5- year cycle. These procedures help to: • Ensure that the mitigation strategy is implemented according to the plan. • Provide the foundation for an ongoing mitigation program in your community. • Standardize long-term monitoring of hazard-related activities. • Integrate mitigation principles into community officials’ daily job responsibilities and department roles. • Maintain momentum through continued engagement and accountability in the plan’s progress. 7.3.1. Plan Monitoring Plan monitoring means tracking the implementation of the plan over time. The plan must identify how, when, and by whom the plan will be monitored. The planning team participants will be responsible for monitoring the plan annually for updates to goals, objectives, and action items. The Emergency Management Program will be responsible for monitoring the plan and incorporating necessary updates on an annual basis. At the end of the five-year cycle for hazard mitigation plans, planning participants will report on the status of mitigation projects, the success of various implementation processes, difficulties encountered, success of coordination efforts, and strategies that should be revised. 7.3.2. Plan Evaluation The Plan is evaluated by the planning team annually to determine the effectiveness of programs, and to reflect changes in land development, policies, or programs that may affect mitigation priorities. This includes re-evaluation by project leads based upon the initial STAPPLEE criteria used to draft goals, objectives, and action items. Planning team members also review the goals and action items to determine their relevance to changing situations in the city, as well as changes in State or Federal regulations and policy. Planning team members also review the risk assessment portion of the plan to determine if this information should be updated or modified, given any new available data. The departments responsible for the various action items will report on the status of their projects, the success of various implementation processes, difficulties encountered, success of coordination efforts, and which strategies should be revised. Page 626 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 92 Any updates or changes necessary will be forwarded to the Emergency Management Program for inclusion in further updates to the Plan. 7.3.3. Plan Updates Since this Plan’s original adoption in 2005 the hazard mitigation planning team has participated in an annual review. This process was continued after the adoption of the 2010 plan. The review details all mitigation actions that were deferred, begun, continued, or completed during that calendar year. In the past five years, there has been progress made with the successful completion several action items developed in 2018. Section 7.1 details the status of the action items from the 2018 plan. This review process has been effective in identifying gaps and shortfalls in funding, support, and other resources. It has also allowed for the re-prioritization of specific actions as circumstances change. It allows the hazard mitigation plan to be a living document. This review process has enabled the planning team to improve the document by eliminating actions that have been completed, adding new actions that have been identified since the plan’s adoption and reprioritizing other actions to reflect new priorities and/or limitations. The planning team will evaluate to progress of the goals, objectives, and actions on a annual basis, update them as necessary, and participate in a complete plan review and update process again in five years. 7.3.4. Implementation Through Existing Programs and Other Planning Mechanisms Chula Vista has implemented all of the identified priority actions from the 2018 Multi- Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (MJHMP). Planning participants used (and will continue to use) this plan as a baseline of information related to priority hazards impacting their jurisdictions, to identify vulnerable communities and critical assets, and plan for their protection. The planning participants have also been able to refer to existing institutions, integrations, plans, policies, and ordinances defined for each jurisdiction, which was outlined in Section 2 of this plan (e.g., General Plan). After regional adoption of this MJHMP update, the planning team will work to incorporate this plan into the General Plans and/or other comprehensive plans and procedures as those plans require review and revisions. The hazard mitigation plan can influence other City plans to focus on hazard mitigation activities and/or policies that support hazard mitigation. City plans that can be influenced by the hazard mitigation plan include but are not limited to: Page 627 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 93 EXISTING PLANS/EFFORTS INTEGRATION WITH HAZARD MITIGATION GENERAL PLAN The City of Chula Vista General Plan includes a safety element. Upon the next revision of the city’s General Plan, the following section should be reviewed to ensure they account for existing hazards and new hazards within the various Chula Vista communities: • Land Use and Transportation Element • Public Facilities and Services Element • Environmental Element • Growth Element. Land use, land development, and transportation corridors must not exacerbate existing hazards or impinge on hazard areas. As the City continues to grow, the general plan will guide the City’s growth and must consider hazard impact on the community. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN The Emergency Operations Plan guides the city’s coordination of resources during emergency response. This plan should be reviewed annually along with the Hazard Mitigation Plan to ensure the EOP is preparing for and addressing responses to all identified hazards. BAYFRONT MASTER PLAN In cooperation with the Port of San Diego, the Bayfront Master Plan should be reviewed to ensure the threats of tsunami and coastal erosion are being planned for and addressed. REGIONAL PLANNING EFFORTS The city takes part in several San Diego County Operational Area planning efforts. The city should continue bringing the content and goals of the Hazard Mitigation Plan into future regional planning efforts, to include the OA Emergency Operations Plan, Recovery plans, Debris removal plans, and the next iteration of the Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan. RESPONSE PLANS Several operational or functional response plans are influenced by information contained in the Hazard Mitigation Plan. These plans should be cross referenced with the Hazard Mitigation Plan, and they include but are not limited to: • Damage Assessment Plan: A review of the vulnerability and estimated losses detailed in the hazard profiles can help identify what areas to initially prioritize following a hazard event. Section 5 table can inform this plan. • Debris Management Plan: HAZUS runs conducted for earthquake scenarios include an estimate of how many tons of debris would likely be generated by those scenarios. These estimates can be used as bounding limits for how much and what type of debris generation is likely to be required, as well as what areas are most likely to see heavy debris generations. Moreover, assessments done by the GIS personnel within Chula Vista can inform specific considerations for a Debris plan. Page 628 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda SECTION SEVEN | Keep the Plan Current 94 PUBLIC INFORMATION AND OUTREACHING PLANS The jurisdictions’ ongoing public education and outreach efforts should reflect the hazards and vulnerabilities described in this Plan. In addition to preparing for disasters, public education should include ways in which the public can reduce their vulnerability to natural and human caused hazards. Furthermore, mitigation activities and success stories should be communicated to the public to show the benefits of effective mitigation planning. CAPITAL IMPOROVEMENT PLANS All capital improvement projects should undergo a hazard mitigation review to ensure these projects either improve and existing hazard, avoid an existing hazard, or do not exacerbate an existing hazard. Page 629 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda U.S. Department of Homeland Security FEMA Region IX 1111 Broadway, Suite 1200 Oakland, CA 94607-4052 www.fema.gov May 9, 2023 Nicholas Zubel Senior Emergency Services Coordinator County of San Diego Office of Emergency Services 5580 Overland Ave, Ste. 100 San Diego, CA 92123 Dear Nicholas Zubel: The San Diego County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 2023 has been amended to include the following jurisdictions as official planning participants: City of Carlsbad City of Chula Vista City of Oceanside City of San Marcos City of Solana Beach City of Vista Alpine Fire Protection District Rainbow Municipal Water District These new jurisdictions must submit an adoption resolution to FEMA in order to be considered fully approved. FEMA’s approval of the San Diego County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan remains for a period of five years from the original approval date of March 31, 2023 for all approved participants. An updated list of the status of current participating jurisdictions is enclosed with this letter. If you have any questions regarding the planning or review processes, please contact the FEMA Region 9 Hazard Mitigation Planning Team at fema-r9-mitigation-planning@fema.dhs.gov. Sincerely, for Alison Kearns Planning and Implementation Branch Chief Mitigation Division FEMA Region 9 Page 630 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda San Diego County Hazard Mitigation Plan Amendment Notice May 9, 2023 Page 2 of 3 Enclosures (2) cc: San Diego County Amended Plan Review Tool, dated May 9, 2023 Status of Participating Jurisdictions, dated May 9, 2023 Ron Miller, Mitigation Quality Assurance Division Chief, California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services Robyn Fennig, Planning Division Chief, California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services Victoria LaMar-Haas, Hazard Mitigation Planning Chief, California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services Page 631 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda San Diego County Hazard Mitigation Plan Amendment Notice May 9, 2023 Page 3 of 3 Status of Participating Jurisdictions as of May 9, 2023 Jurisdictions – Adopted and Approved # Jurisdiction Date of Adoption 1 San Diego County February 7, 2023 2 City of National City March 21, 2023 3 San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA) March 23, 2023 4 San Diego Unified Port District April 11, 2023 Jurisdictions – Approvable Pending Adoption # Jurisdiction 1 City of Carlsbad 2 City of Chula Vista 3 City of Coronado 4 City of Del Mar 5 City of El Cajon 6 City of Encinitas 7 City of Escondido 8 City of Imperial Beach 9 City of La Mesa 10 City of Lemon Grove 11 City of Oceanside 12 City of Poway 13 City of San Diego 14 City of San Marcos 15 City of Santee 16 City of Solana Beach 17 City of Vista 18 Alpine Fire Protection District 19 Otay Water District 20 Padre Dam Municipal Water District 21 Rainbow Municipal Water District 22 Sweetwater Authority 23 Vista Irrigation District Page 632 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Page 633 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda v . 0 03 P a g e | 1 October 24, 2023 ITEM TITLE Agreement: Approve a Research Use Agreement with Icarus RT, Inc., and Approve the Installation of Solar Panels, Pool Heating Technology, and Electric Vehicle Chargers at Loma Verde Community Center Report Number: 23-0238 Location: Loma Verde Community Center, 1420 Loma Lane Department: Economic Development Environmental Notice: The Project qualifies for a Categorical Exemption pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act State Guidelines Section 15301 Class 1 (Existing Facilities) and Section 15303 Class 3 (New Construction or Conversion of Small Structures). Recommended Action Adopt a resolution approving the Research Use Agreement with Icarus RT, Inc., and the installation of solar panels, pool heating technology, and up to eight electric vehicle chargers at the Loma Verde Community Center at no cost to the City. SUMMARY Earth receives more solar energy hourly than the entire population consumes annually. As a result, solar power has become an integral source for the generation of electric power in California, contributing 26.6% of the state’s electric power in Q1 2023, according to the Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA). Most conventional systems are not effective at converting solar energy into electric power. At best, commercial solar photovoltaic (PV) systems convert about 20% of the sun's energy into electric power. PV panels fail to realize their full potential for a variety of reasons, including delayed return on investment, limited lifetime and inefficiencies in power generation, especially in terms of peak demand versus peak production hours. A major reason for PV panel inefficiencies and performance degradation over time is the thermal load on the panels from the sun. PV panel performance decreases as temperature increases, and thermal cycling caused by temperature fluctuations during operation stresses PV panels, reducing their product lifespan and lifetime performance. In California, the sun sets when peak demand begins, and this may lead to wasted resources. Local company Icarus RT, Inc. applied for funding through the California Energy Commission to develop and pilot technology to address these issues. Through connections with Cleantech San Diego, Icarus RT, Inc. contacted the City of Chula Vista about the potential to be a demonstration site to test emerging technology. Page 634 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 2 After consultation with City staff, including careful consideration and site visits of several potential municipal locations, a planned demonstration site for a hybrid solar photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) power boosting and water heating technology has been identified at Loma Verde Community Center. This site has been identified to receive a ground-mounted 280-kW solar array, pool water heating technology and up to eight (8) electric vehicle chargers, at no cost to the City. The Community Center should realize savings on utility bills due to generation of power through solar photovoltaic panels and the reduced need for pool water heating. Through this action, staff is seeking Council’s authorization to approve a Research Use Agreement with Icarus RT, Inc. and to approve installation of this technology at Loma Verde Community Center at no cost to the City. Installation is planned to take place from January 2024 to June 2025, with regular monitoring by Icarus, through June 2027. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW The Director of Development Services has reviewed the proposed project for compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and has determined that the project qualifies for a Categorical Exemption pursuant to State CEQA Guidelines Section 15301 Class 1 (Existing Facilities) and Section 15303 Class 3 (New Construction or Conversion of Small Structures), because the proposed project would not result in a significant effect on the environment, create a cumulative impact, damage a scenic highway, or cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource. Thus, no further environmental review is required. BOARD/COMMISSION/COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION Not applicable. DISCUSSION The City of Chula Vista is located at the center of one of the richest cultural, economic and environmentally diverse zones in the United States. This natural environment helped City leaders recognize the value of preserving the environment for future generations and taking early action. Starting in 2000 with the adoption of the Carbon Dioxide Reduction Plan (or Climate Action Plan), which was the first Climate Action Plan (CAP) adopted in San Diego, the City’s climate planning work over the past 23 years has made possible several community shared benefits such as utility savings, better air quality, reduced traffic congestion, increased public health, local economic development – improved quality of life. The City has made a commitment to technologies in support of those benefits, including installing over 120 electric vehicle chargers for fleet and employee use, starting to electrify its fleet, installing solar on many City facilities and deploying batteries at three of those locations. In its 2017 Climate Action Plan, the City set a goal of reaching 100% renewable electricity by 2035. The City is also a member of Cleantech San Diego, a member-based business organization that fosters collaborations across the private-public-academic landscape, supporting energy entrepreneurs through the Southern California Energy Innovation Network and encouraging more equitable investment across the San Diego region. Icarus RT, Inc. is a San Diego-based engineering firm developing Quartet, a low-cost hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) solar plus storage cogeneration system. The Icarus Quartet system cogenerates daytime solar thermal energy and provides hot water while cooling solar PV panels which Page 635 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 3 improves an array’s performance by 12% or more. The system is designed to improve affordability, reliability and performance which enables increased integration, deployment and operation flexibility allowing solar power to better match demand. The system substantially reduces natural gas consumption and CO2 emissions. Icarus secured grant funding from the California Energy Commission to test the new technology and based on connections through Cleantech San Diego, contacted the City of Chula Vista to discuss the potential of hosting a demonstration site. Partnering with Icarus on this project supports the City’s clean energy goals and helps pilot and showcase innovative and promising technology. Per the Scope of Work for the California Energy Commission’s solicitation Bridging Rapid Innovation Development to Green Energy (BRIDGE) EPC-21-016, this project will result in a ground-mounted 280 kW Solar Photovoltaic (PV) array. The Icarus technology converts the standard solar array into a hybrid PV/Thermal installation that will also co-generate hot water to be used for swimming pool heating. The resulting project will consist of a standard ground-mounted, south-facing PV array on the northeast side of the recently upgraded Loma Verde Community Center property. In this case, cooling the PV panels using pool water should improve generation by 56,000 -kWh annually. Since Quartet displaces natural gas required for heating, Icarus RT, Inc. estimates this system will provide the City with an annual savings of approximately $195,000 as the array will heat water to 130 Fahrenheit. The solar array is estimated to produce 536 MWh electricity each year, which is equivalent to the amount needed to power approximately 50 homes annually. Considering power and thermal energy, this full hybrid PV/T commercial scale Quartet system is expected to generate 592 MWh/year between thermal and electrical power and prevent 1214 metric tons CO2e emissions annually, equivalent to the emissions of over 260 cars annually. The greenhouse gas emissions reductions resulting from this renewable energy technology will support goals from the City’s 2017 Climate Action Plan and the City Operations Sustainability Plan. Icarus has signed a Master Services Agreement with Black and Veatch as the prime contractor for this project. The goals of this project are to: • Install, test and validate the performance and emission savings of a 280-kW Quartet System. • Install up to eight EV charging stations. • Cool PV panels to boost their power performance. • Collect and store waste heat that can be harnessed to heat the new Olympic-sized pool. • Generate hot water on-demand. • Compare Quartet System performance to that of current solar plus storage systems. • Utilize technology to reduce the City’s increasing utility costs. The planned demonstration site for this water heating technology is at the Loma Verde Community Center and will include a 280-kW solar array on the hillside behind the pool, connections to the pool heating system and eight (8) EV chargers in the parking lot, at no cost to the City. As the pool heating system will be powered by the new solar panels, the City should realize utility savings. In totality, this project will highlight the modern building and enhanced aquatic center at Loma Verde Community Center and will be a complement to the outdoor solar and battery powered lighting pilot project taking place at nearby SDG&E Park. Educational signage about this project is planned to be displayed on-site. Page 636 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 4 The City’s Office of Sustainability will coordinate with Icarus RT, Inc. on this project, in conjunction with Public Works and the Community Services Departments. The technology will be installed, monitored, tested and maintained by Icarus through the end of the grant period at Icarus’ sole cost. At the end of the project, maintenance of equipment will be the responsibility of the City. Installation is planned to take place from January through June 2025, with regular monitoring of the system by Icarus until June 2027. Within 30 days of completion of the installation, the system and all components (including solar panels, pool heating technology and EV chargers) will become property of the City of Chula Vista. The City will support the installation of the PV/T System and any EV chargers by providing project analysis and inspection services and Icarus will not be responsible for the costs of City permits and inspections. The City will make all good faith efforts to otherwise support Icarus and enable completion and implementation of the Project. Through this action, staff is seeking City Council’s approval of a Research Use Agreement with Icarus RT, Inc. and to approve installation of solar panels, pool heating technology and up to eight electric vehicle chargers at the Loma Verde Community Center. DECISION-MAKER CONFLICT Staff has reviewed the property holdings of the City Council members and has found no property holdings within 1,000 feet of the boundaries of the property which is the subject of this action. Consequently, this item does not present a disqualifying real property-related financial conflict of interest under California Code of Regulations Title 2, section 18702.2(a)(7) or (8), for purposes of the Political Reform Act (Cal. Gov’t Code §87100, et seq.). Staff is not independently aware, and has not been informed by any City Council member, of any other fact that may constitute a basis for a decision-maker conflict of interest in this matter. CURRENT-YEAR FISCAL IMPACT This technology is being installed at no cost to the City, except for the City’s permitting costs which are anticipated to be offset with other budgetary savings within the non-departmental budget in the General Fund. ONGOING FISCAL IMPACT It is expected that the City will realize a decrease in energy costs at this community center, which will result in savings for the General Fund. This will be partially offset by any additional maintenance costs. Any resulting increase/decrease in costs will be considered as part of the annual budget development process. ATTACHMENTS 1. Research Use Agreement with Icarus RT, Inc. 2. Icarus RT Chula Vista Site Assessment Memo Staff Contacts: Coleen Wisniewski, Environmental Sustainability Manager Eric C. Crockett, Deputy City Manager Page 637 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda RESOLUTION NO. __________ RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA APPROVING THE RESEARCH USE AGREEMENT WITH ICARUS RT, INC. AND THE INSTALLATION OF SOLAR PANELS, POOL HEATING TECHNOLOGY, AND ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGERS AT THE LOMA VERDE COMMUNITY CENTER WHEREAS, Earth receives more solar energy hourly than the entire population consumes annually and as a result, solar power has become an integral source for the generation of electric power in California, contributing 26.6% of the state’s electric power in Q1 2023, according to the Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA); and WHEREAS, conventional technology is not always effective at converting solar energy into electric power; and WHEREAS, a major reason for photovoltaic (PV) panel inefficiencies and performance degradation over time is the thermal load on the panels from the sun; and WHEREAS, PV panel performance decreases as temperature increases, and thermal cycling caused by temperature fluctuations during operation stresses PV panels, reducing their product lifespan and lifetime performance; and WHEREAS, through the Bridging Rapid Innovation Development to Green Energy solicitation, the California Energy Commission funded Icarus RT, Inc. to develop and demonstrate hybrid solar photovoltaic/thermal power boosting and water heating technology systems at selected demonstration sites; and WHEREAS, the City of Chula Vista was selected as a partner and this project will provide a ground-mounted 280-kW solar array, pool water heating technology, and up to eight (8) electric vehicle chargers at Loma Verde Community Center at no cost to the city; and WHEREAS, staff recommends that the City Council adopt a resolution approving the Research Use Agreement between the City and Icarus RT, Inc. and installation of this technology at Loma Verde Community Center. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista that it approves the Research Use Agreement with Icarus RT, Inc. in the form presented, with such minor modifications as may be required or approved by the City Attorney, a copy of which shall be kept on file in the Office of the City Clerk and authorizes and directs the City Manager or designee to execute same. Page 638 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Resolution No. Page 2 BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista, that it approves the installation of a ground-mounted 280-kW solar array, pool water heating technology, and up to eight (8) electric vehicle chargers at Loma Verde Community Center. Presented by Approved as to form by Eric C. Crockett Jill D.S. Maland Deputy City Manager Lounsbery Ferguson Altona & Peak Acting City Attorney Page 639 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 60297.00068\41729516.1 Agreement # ______________ SOLAR ARRAY RESEARCH USE AGREEMENT For Photovoltaic/Thermal Cogeneration Equipment Loma Verde Aquatic Center THIS SOLAR ARRAY RESEARCH USE AGREEMENT (“Agreement”) is made and entered into by and between CITY OF CHULA VISTA, a chartered municipal corporation (“City”) and ICARUS RT, INC. (“Icarus”). City and Icarus may be hereinafter referred to individually as a “Party” or collectively as the “Parties”. Recitals A. The California Energy Commission (“CEC”) provides grant-funding opportunities to start- up companies that deliver the most promising and innovative clean energy technologies through its Bringing Rapid Innovation Development to Green Energy (“BR IDGE”) program. B. Icarus has developed an innovative technology that utilizes the heat generated by a solar array to heat a swimming pool, as opposed to using a separate electric heater, thus more efficiently using energy generated through the use of solar power. C. With cooperation from the City, Icarus identified the Loma Verde Aquatic Center, which is located at 1420 Loma Lane, Chula Vista, CA 91911 (the “Premises”) and is owned by the City, as an eligible site to test its innovative technology and applied for funding through the BRIDGE program. D. CEC selected Icarus for funding through the BRIDGE program and awarded CEC contract EPC-21-016 to design and install a 280-kW commercial pilot Photovoltaic (PV) Array including Icarus Quartet Hybrid PV/Thermal Cogeneration project (the “PV/T System”) at the Loma Verde Aquatic Center. E. Icarus also plans to install up to eight (8) Level II EV charging stations, subject to measurements of the amount and value of boosted energy production from the PV/T system toward daytime EV charging, the cost to procure and install, and other applicable factors. F. The City and Icarus desire to enter this Agreement in order to enable Icarus to install the PV/T System at the Loma Verde Aquatic Center in accordance with the terms and conditions stated herein. NOW, THEREFORE, intending to be legally bound, the Parties agree as follows: 1. Representatives. For purposes of this Agreement, the Parties shall give direction through their respective duly authorized representatives. City representatives will provide reasonably Page 640 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 60297.00068\41729516.1 timely feedback and coordination to Icarus representatives. Icarus shall provide a direct contact for any contractors performing work on its behalf. The Parties designate the following as their representatives: City: ______________________, ______________________ Icarus: __Mark Anderson__________, __CEO__________________ 2. Installation of PV/T System. The Parties agree that Icarus shall cause the installation of a PV/T system at the Loma Verde Recreation Center in accordance with the awarded BRIDGE program grant. The PV/T System will consist of an array of approximately 880 (depending on final size of the PV array and of the PV panels determined by Icarus to be the best selection in procurement phase) photovoltaic solar panels measuring approximately 39” x 78”, using a total space of approximately 18, 590 square feet. [Note: Fewer larger power capacity panels may be installed, but approximately the same total area may be required.] . Installation shall include all work necessary to clear the site and to interconnect the PV/T System to the Premises’ electrical system and all work to connect the thermal cogeneration to be utilized for heating of the pool system. 2.1. Contractor. To complete the installation, Icarus may hire duly qualified contractors, including subcontractors. City acknowledges that Icarus identified Black and Veatch as its primary contractor in its application for the BRIDGE grant and City accepts that Black and Veatch may serve as the primary contractor on site. All contractors performing work on the Premises shall have appropriate licenses, and if required by law, shall be registered with the Department of Industrial Relations to perform public works. 2.2. Right of Entry. City hereby grants to Icarus a right of entry to enter on to the Premises at the Loma Verde Aquatic Center for all purposes set forth in this Agreement. Icarus may allow its contractors to enter the Premises pursuant to this right of entry. Icarus may store equipment and materials on the Premises during the installation phase, provided that City shall not be responsible for any of Icarus’s materials or Icarus’s contractors’ materials. Icarus shall seek permission from City as to the specific locations on the Premises where the materials may be stored, and City shall provide adequate space to meet Icarus’s reasonable requests. Icarus shall take appropriate measures to secure any materials or other items left at the Premises. During the installation of the project, during testing and commission, and for up to two years following commissioning, Icarus may access the site to showcase the project which will likely include bringing visitors from the California Energy Commission and others such as potential project developers. Icarus shall provide advance notice to City and shall be responsible for any visitors brought on site.” 2.3. Location of Installation. Icarus shall confirm the specific location of all components of the PV/T System with the City. 2.4. Timing of Installation. Icarus may begin the installation once Icarus has met all conditions precedent of this Agreement and on or after the City’s notice to Icarus that Page 641 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 60297.00068\41729516.1 Icarus may proceed with installation. Icarus shall be responsible for securing all permits, including but not limited to City permits, which it shall obtain prior to performing installation work. The Parties anticipate that installation will begin in January 2024 but will cooperate in good faith in determining the timing of the installation; in particular, the Parties acknowledge that site constraints, unforeseen circumstances, and inclement weather may affect the timing of the installation. If Icarus has not completed the installation work by June 30, 2025, the project will be deemed abandoned unless the Parties agree in writing to an extension of time. 2.5. Site Coordination. Icarus acknowledges that the City may have other contractors performing work at the Premises at the same time. Icarus shall work with the City’s contractors to ensure that Icarus or Icarus’s contractors will not interfere with any work being performed for City. City shall reasonably assist Icarus in all coordination efforts. 2.6. Repair/Restoration. To the extent that Icarus or its contractors damage any portion of the Premises, Icarus shall promptly restore the Premises to their pre-existing condition. For avoidance of doubt, installation of the PV/T System itself does not constitute damage to the Premises. 2.7. City Commitment. City will support the installation of the PV/T System by providing project analysis and inspection services. Icarus will not be responsible for the costs of City permits and inspections. City will make all good faith efforts to otherwise support Icarus and enable completion and implementation of the Project. For avoidance of doubt, this section is not intended to impair any authority the City has in its governmental capacity. 3. Installation of EV Charging Stations. In addition to the PV/T System, Icarus intends, but is not obligated, to install up to eight (8) Level II EV charging stations on site. In determining the ultimate number of EV charging stations, if any, Icarus will consider the performance of the PV/T System, cost to procure and install, and other applicable factors. Icarus shall, in a reasonably timely manner, provide City with all information related to a proposed installation of EV charging stations, including but not limited to the proposed number, location, anticipated performance, timing of installations, and required steps to implementation (including interconnection, agreements with service providers, etc.). Icarus shall coordinate with City on all phases of EV charger station installation, and City may require a future agreement or memorandum of understanding between the Parties delineating the terms of the EV charging station installation. This agreement does not obligate City to allow the installation of EV charging stations. 4. Conveyance and Acceptance of PV/T System. Once site preparation work begins, Icarus shall diligently pursue completion of the installation of the PV/T System and shall not remove the PV/T System or abandon the project without City’s written consent. Following installation, Icarus shall perform all tasks necessary to commission the PV/T System and ensure that it is operational and functional. Within thirty (30) days following installation and commissioning of the PV/T System, the PV/T System and all components thereof shall Page 642 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 60297.00068\41729516.1 become the property of City. Icarus shall deliver the PV/T System with a clean title to all components, free and clear of liens and encumbrances, and shall deliver and assign to City all manufacturer’s warranties. Icarus shall prepare and deliver as-built drawings of the PV/T System. Icarus shall execute and deliver any documents necessary to effectuate the terms of this Section. 4.1. Rejection. Within thirty (30) days of Icarus notifying City that the installation and commissioning is complete, City shall accept the PV/T System. City may refuse acceptance of the PV/T System if: (1) installation of the PV/T System was defective or improperly completed, or (2) the PV/T System does not functionally provide solar energy for use at the Premises or for interconnection to a public utility system. City acknowledges that the purpose of the BRIDGE grant is to test innovative technologies, and thus City will not reject the improvements if they simply do not perform to the hoped-for standard. In the event City rejects the PV/T System, Icarus shall either: (1) repair any defects resulting in non-acceptance within thirty (30) days, or (2) remove the PV/T System at Icarus’s own cost within 30 days and restore the Premises to their pre- existing condition. 5. On-Going Monitoring. Following conveyance of the PV/T System to the City, Icarus shall continue test the monitor/control system, and all sub-systems, and shall use the solar site to gather data and categorize performance of the PV/T system. City shall continue to provide access to the PV/T System for Icarus to continue to test and gather data for a reasonable period of time to be determined by the Parties in order to enable Icarus to meet all requirements and goals of the BRIDGE grant. The Parties agree that Icarus may perform regular monitoring of the PV/T System at least for one year following conveyance to the City and may continue monitoring the PV/T System at least until June 30, 2026. 6. Technology. Icarus represents and warrants that it owns, or has all necessary rights to use, all intellectual property related to the PV/T System. 7. Obligations of the Parties. 7.1. Project Costs. Accept as expressly stated to the contrary, each Party will pay its own fees, costs and expenses, and those of its agents, independent contractors, and consultants, in connection with this Agreement. For avoidance of doubt, Icarus shall pay all costs related to acquiring, installing, commissioning, testing and collecting data from the PV/T System. City shall be responsible for all ongoing maintenance and care following City’s acceptance of the PV/T System. 7.2. Standard of Care. Icarus expressly warrants and agrees that its performance, and the performance of its contractors, under this Agreement shall be performed in accordance with the professional standard of care exercised by members of the profession currently practicing under similar conditions and in similar locations. 7.3. Indemnification. City shall indemnify, defend, and hold harmless Icarus, its officers, agents and employees, from and against any claims, damages, costs, expenses, or liabilities (collectively “Claims”) arising out of or in any way connected with this Page 643 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 60297.00068\41729516.1 Agreement including, without limitation, Claims for loss or damage to any property, or for death or injury to any person or persons but only in proportion to and to the extent that such Claims arise from the negligent or intentional acts or omissions of City, its officers, agents, partners or employees. Icarus shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless City, its officers, agents, partners and employees, from and against any Claims, arising out of or in any way connected with this Agreement including, without limitation, Claims for loss or damage to any property, or for death or injury to any person or persons but only in proportion to and to the extent that such Claims arise from the negligent or intentional acts or omissions of Icarus, its officers, contractors, agents, or employees. The parties agree that the indemnity obligations under this Section shall survive expiration and termination of this Agreement. 7.4. Insurance. Icarus, at its sole cost and expense, shall insure its activities in connection with this Agreement and obtain, keep in force and maintain insurance as follows: General Liability Self-Insurance Program (contractual liability included) with minimum limits as follows: 1) Each Occurrence $ 1,000,000 2) Products/Completed Operations Aggregate $2,000,000 3) Personal and Advertising Injury $1,000,000 4) General Aggregate $ 2,000,000 Business Automobile Liability Self-Insurance Program for owned, scheduled, non- owned, or hired automobiles with a combined single limit of not less than One Million Dollars ($1,000,000) per occurrence. Workers' Compensation as required under California State law. The coverages required under this Section shall not limit the liability of Icarus. The General Liability and Auto Liability coverages referred to under this Section shall include City as an additional insured. Prior to entering the Premises or performing any work on the Premises, Icarus shall furnish City with certificates of insurance evidencing compliance with all requirements. Certificates shall provide for thirty (30) days advance written notice to City of any material modification, change or cancellation of the above insurance coverages. All insurance required by this Section shall be endorsed to include a waiver of subrogation against the City. Icarus hereby waives any right of recovery against City as a result of loss or damage to the property of either Icarus or City when such loss or damage arises out of an Act of God or any of the property perils insurable under extended coverage, whether or not such peril has been insured, self-insured, or non-insured. Page 644 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 60297.00068\41729516.1 7.5. Lien Free Condition. Icarus shall not cause or permit any liens to be placed against the PV/T System or any components thereof, against the Premises or against City’s other property as a result of Icarus’s exercise of rights under this Agreement. In the event of the filing of any such liens, Icarus shall promptly cause such liens to be removed. To the extent required by Civil Code section 9550 et seq., Icarus shall procure a payment bond for work performed on City property. 7.6. Grant Terms. Icarus shall be the Party responsible for compliance with, and shall perform the project in accordance with, the BRIDGE program and CEC contract EPC- 21-016. 7.7. Prevailing Wages. Icarus represents and warrants that it is familiar with Labor Code sections 1720 et seq., and 1770 et seq., and all regulations of the Department of Labor Relations related to such sections (the “Prevailing Wage Laws”.) Icarus shall determine whether the Prevailing Wage Laws apply to any work under this Agreement, either as a condition of the BRIDGE program and CEC contract EPC-21-016 or otherwise under the law. To the extent applicable, Icarus shall ensure that it and all of its contractors fully comply with the Prevailing Wage Laws. 8. Termination. In the event that Icarus breaches any of its obligations under this Agreement, City may, but is not obligated to, send Icarus a written notice specifying the nature of such breach. Icarus shall have ten (10) days from the receipt of such notice to cure such breach. If more time is reasonably required for Icarus’s performance, then Icarus shall commence performance within such ten (10) day period and, thereafter, diligently proceed to completion. If Icarus fails to cure or to commence cure within such ten (10) day period, then City shall have the right to terminate this Agreement immediately by serving Icarus with written notice of termination. City shall have all rights and remedies available under California law including, but not limited to, actions for damages and specific performance, for any breach of Icarus’s obligations hereunder If Icarus fails to complete the installation prior to termination or by June 30, 2025, and City has not agreed to an extension of the completion time, then Icarus shall promptly remove any portion of the PV/T System that has been installed and shall return the Premises to their pre- existing condition within thirty (30) days. If Icarus fails to restore the Premises within this time, City may sell any part of the PV/T System that remains on site and use the proceeds to restore the Premises. 9. Limitation on Liability. Notwithstanding other provisions in this Agreement, neither Party shall be liable to the other Party for any damages for lost profits. This section shall survive termination of the Agreement. 10. Marketing/Publicity. Each Party may reference this project and the PV/T System in any marketing or promotional materials. Icarus shall not use City’s seal, logo, trademarks or other intellectual property without City’s express written consent. 11. Miscellaneous. Page 645 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 60297.00068\41729516.1 11.1. Integrated Agreement. This Agreement supersedes any and all prior understandings and agreements, whether written or oral, between the parties with respect to the subject matter of this Agreement. No alteration or variation of this Agreement shall be valid unless made in writing and signed by City and Icarus. 11.2. Independent Contractor Status. The Parties are independent contractors. In the performance of this agreement the Parties will not be agents or employees of the other Party. 11.3. Governing Law. This agreement shall be performed in Chula Vista, California, and construed pursuant to California law. 11.4. Compliance with Laws. In its performance under this Agreement, Icarus shall comply with any and all applicable federal, state and local laws, including the Chula Vista Municipal Code. 11.5. No Waiver. No waiver by any Party of any of the provisions hereof shall be effective unless explicitly set forth in writing and signed by the party so waiving. No failure to exercise, or delay in exercising, any right, remedy, power, or privilege arising from this Agreement shall operate or be construed as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power, or privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power, or privilege. 11.6. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in multiple counterparts, which together shall constitute a single executed agreement. The undersigned are duly authorized to bind their respective agencies. AGREED: CITY OF CHULA VISTA ICARUS RT, INC. By:_________________________ By:_________________________ Maria V. Kachadoorian Mark G. Anderson, PE City Manager Founder & CEO Date:_________________________ Date:_________________________ By:_________________________ Page 646 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 60297.00068\41729516.1 Date:_________________________ Page 647 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda ICARUS RT Loma Verde Community Center, Chula Vista Site Assessment Memo B&V PROJECT NO. 415373 Icarus RT 14 AUGUST 2023 ©Black & Veatch Holding Company 2013. All rights reserved. Page 648 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Icarus RT | LOMA VERDE COMMUNITY CENTER, CHULA VISTA BLACK & VEATCH | Table of Contents ii Table of Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 1 2. Electrical and Mechanical Assessment ............................................................................................. 1 3. Electrical Assessment ............................................................................................................................. 1 3.1 Proposed PV Array Layout ............................................................................................................................... 2 3.2 Existing Main Switchboard .............................................................................................................................. 2 3.3 PV Inverter Interconnection: Switchboard Feeder Breaker .............................................................. 3 3.4 PV Inverter Interconnection: Ahead of Switchboard Main ................................................................. 4 4. Mechanical Assessment .......................................................................................................................... 6 4.1 Scope of Mechanical Work................................................................................................................................ 6 4.2 Site Arrangement ................................................................................................................................................. 7 4.3 Piping Schematics ................................................................................................................................................ 8 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 – Aerial View of Proposed PV Array at Loma Verde Community Center ........................................ 1 Figure 2 – PV Array Oriented Due South (Azimuth Angle = 0 degrees)............................................................. 2 Figure 3 – Single Line Diagram, Existing Switchboard MSB and 3 Existing PV Arrays ............................... 3 Figure 4 – Single Line Diagram, New 280 kW Inverter(s) Interconnected Ahead of MSB Main ................................................................................................................................................................ 5 Figure 5 – New Site Layout Showing Solar PV Array and Proposed Piping Route ........................................ 7 Figure 6 – Arrangement of Piping for System and Pool Piping Interconnect .................................................. 8 Figure 7 – Solar Array Piping Schematic ...................................................................................................................... 10 Page 649 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Icarus RT | LOMA VERDE COMMUNITY CENTER, CHULA VISTA BLACK & VEATCH | 1 1. Introduction To support the advancement of a proprietary photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) energy storage and cogeneration system developed by Icarus RT, Inc., Black & Veatch (BV) has prepared this site assessment memorandum for the Loma Verde Community Center, located at 1420 Loma Lane, Chula Vista, California, 91911. This initial site assessment will then be used as input to detailed design as part of an Engineering-Procurement-Construction (EPC) effort, also by BV. 2. Electrical and Mechanical Assessment This memo includes a preliminary site assessment of both the electrical and mechanical systems for the Icarus RT PVT system at the Loma Verde Community Center. 3. Electrical Assessment The electrical assessment involves primarily the development of a 280 kWdc solar photovoltaic (PV) array, modified by the Icarus RT PVT system for thermal energy storage. The solar PV system is planned to include PV modules secured to ground-mounted fixed racks in an open field located immediately adjacent to the north of the Loma Verde Community Center. See Figure 3-1. Figure 1 – Aerial View of Proposed PV Array at Loma Verde Community Center Page 650 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Icarus RT | LOMA VERDE COMMUNITY CENTER, CHULA VISTA BLACK & VEATCH | 2 3.1 Proposed PV Array Layout While production of thermal energy to heat the pool is one of the goals of this project, it is considered to be secondary. The primary goal is actually the production of electrical energy from the solar PV array because the inherent value in offsetting the purchase of energy from the electric utility has a higher intrinsic value than offsetting thermal energy from natural gas-fired water heaters. As such, the solar PV array should be oriented due south for an azimuth angle of 0 degrees, as shown in Figure 3-2. Figure 2 – PV Array Oriented Due South (Azimuth Angle = 0 degrees) The final design will take into account both electrical energy production and thermal energy, but favor electrical energy. The available land for the solar PV array does not lend itself towards a symmetrical layout, but the solar PV array will be arranged as efficiently as possible while avoiding the right-of-way for what appears to be existing SDG&E 115 kV transmission lines to the north. 3.2 Existing Main Switchboard Although new construction for two new swimming pools is ongoing at the Loma Verde Community Center by contractor Counsilman-Hunsaker, discussions with Counsilman-Hunsaker reveal that their work does not include replacement or upgrade to the main switchboard (MSB) bus for the facility. The current construction drawing, Sheet E.02, Single Line Diagram, shows that existing Switchboard MSB is rated at 1200 A, 208Y/120 V, 3-phase, 4-wire, with a 1200 A main breaker. Also shown are three existing PV arrays interconnected to the 208Y/120 V distribution system, only one of which has a known size of 50 kW. See Figure 3-3. Page 651 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Icarus RT | LOMA VERDE COMMUNITY CENTER, CHULA VISTA BLACK & VEATCH | 3 Figure 3 – Single Line Diagram, Existing Switchboard MSB and 3 Existing PV Arrays 3.3 PV Inverter Interconnection: Switchboard Feeder Breaker While the preferred PV interconnection is via a feeder breaker in the existing Switchboard MSB, preliminary calculations in accordance with National Electrical Code (NEC) 705.12(B)(2)(3)(b), show that this is not possible as detailed below. Switchboard MSB Voltage = 208 V, 3-phase Switchboard MSB Bus Rating = 1200 A Switchboard MSB Main Breaker = 1200 A 120% of Switchboard MSB Bus = 1.2 x 1200 A = 1440 A Page 652 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Icarus RT | LOMA VERDE COMMUNITY CENTER, CHULA VISTA BLACK & VEATCH | 4 Solar PV Array kW Size = 280 kWdc Solar Inverter kW Size = 280 kWac (assume Inverter Loading Ratio of 1.0, or kWdc = kWac) (Note: Smaller string inverters can be used, but the composite NEC calculations are the same.) Solar Inverter Full-Load Current = 280 kW/1.732/208 V = 777 A Solar Inverter Breaker Size = 1.25 x 777 A = 972 A (or size up to standard 1000 A breaker) NEC 705.12(B)(2)(3)(b) requires that the trip rating of all “source” breakers cannot exceed 120% of the bus current rating. In this case, the two source breakers are the 1200 A main breaker (from SDG&E) and the 1000 A feeder breaker (from the 280 kW inverter). Switchboard MSB Main Breaker + Solar Inverter Breaker = 1200 A + 1000 A = 2200 A 120% of Switchboard MSB Bus = 1.2 x 1200 A = 1440 A Conclusion: 2200 A is not less than 1440 A, and this method is not compliant with the NEC. 3.4 PV Inverter Interconnection: Ahead of Switchboard Main As an alternate, interconnection of the solar inverter ahead of the existing switchboard main breaker is permissible, per NEC 705.12(A). This interconnection is shown in Figure 3-4, with a 280 kW solar inverter, or composite collection of smaller string inverters totaling 280 kW. The one caveat to interconnecting 280 kW of solar inverter(s) is that coordination is required with SDG&E during final design to determine the power capacity of the incoming SDG&E service conductors. The requirements of NEC 705.12(A) clearly states that “the sum of the ratings of all overcurrent protective devices connected to power production sources shall not exceed the rating of the service.” It is fairly obvious why the NEC has this restriction: The worst case would be when all solar inverters are producing maximum power at the same time the facility load is at a minimum, or zero, which means all solar power is being exported back to SDG&E; thus, the SDG&E service conductors cannot be subject to overloaded conditions. Page 653 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Icarus RT | LOMA VERDE COMMUNITY CENTER, CHULA VISTA BLACK & VEATCH | 5 Figure 4 – Single Line Diagram, New 280 kW Inverter(s) Interconnected Ahead of MSB Main However, definitively determining the ratings of the three existing AC disconnecting devices for the existing three solar inverters to determine compliance with NEC 705.12(A) is not possible at this time given the lack of information on the single line diagram. It should be noted that interconnecting a solar inverter ahead of the MSB main breaker has one disadvantage. While the AC disconnecting device (i.e., molded case circuit breaker or disconnect switch) does indeed disconnect the solar inverter from the incoming SDG&E circuit, performing maintenance or servicing the AC disconnecting device is not possible since the line-side terminations of the AC disconnecting device are energized and exposed to anyone opening the door to the breaker or switch. The only way to safely service the AC disconnecting device is to schedule SDG&E crews to disconnect the upstream SDG&E transformer, thereby de-energizing the entire facility. Then, to re-energize the facility, SDG&E crews would have to be scheduled to return. In addition to accidentally touching energized surfaces inside the AC disconnecting device, there is always the danger from an arc flash blast hazard. Such hazards must be calculated and signage applied in accordance with NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace. Page 654 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Icarus RT | LOMA VERDE COMMUNITY CENTER, CHULA VISTA BLACK & VEATCH | 6 4. Mechanical Assessment The mechanical scope includes absorbing heat from the PV panel array and discharging that heat to the competition swimming pool. The PV panels will experience higher efficiencies when cooler, and the extracted heat captured from the solar panels will supplement the existing pool heating system. The result will be more electricity generated by the PV panels with less thermal energy available for heating the swimming pool, however, as stated earlier in the report, electrical power is the primary goal of the project. 4.1 Scope of Mechanical Work Icarus is providing all the mechanical materials including: PV panel Heat Exchangers (HX), PV circulation pump, PV to thermal storage tank HX, thermal storage tank, mechanical module (sensor and pump control cabinets), and PV fluid. Piping interconnect from the pump skid to the competition pool heating loop will need to be field verified. Page 655 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Icarus RT | LOMA VERDE COMMUNITY CENTER, CHULA VISTA BLACK & VEATCH | 7 4.2 Site Arrangement Figure 5 – New Site Layout Showing Solar PV Array and Proposed Piping Route The new mechanical room is located east of the competition pool and houses filtration, heating and other systems for the two pools and sprayground. Coordination with the Icarus installation will be required to determine if the solar array thermal recovery equipment will fit withing the existing pool equipment spaces or if a new, exterior building will be required. If a new equipment room or shed is preferred, the room should be placed between the mechanical space and the solar array. Page 656 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Icarus RT | LOMA VERDE COMMUNITY CENTER, CHULA VISTA BLACK & VEATCH | 8 4.3 Piping Schematics Figure 6 – Arrangement of Piping for System and Pool Piping Interconnect The solar heating equipment provided by Icarus will be located within the existing mechanical room or an adjacent shed as required. Coordination with existing equipment will be necessary to determine if space within the existing mechanical room exists for the solar heating equipment. The tie-in for the solar Page 657 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Icarus RT | LOMA VERDE COMMUNITY CENTER, CHULA VISTA BLACK & VEATCH | 9 heating loop at the competitive pool will be provided by the pool equipment supplier including the recirculating pump. The pool equipment provider will run a 6” PVC supply and return to the mechanical building exterior wall (or other coordinated point of connection) to be continued by the solar heating mechanical contractor. The solar heating mechanical contractor shall receive and set the Icarus equipment and control components and provide all final piping, power, and control systems. Icarus solar heating system piping and components are shown in blue on the attached schematic diagrams. The diagrams and scope outline are to be used for pricing only and do not convey all necessary devices and accessories needed for a complete system installation. Manual drains shall be located at system low points to facilitate draining. Manual vents shall be provided at high points to allow air extraction when filling. Provide isolation valves to pool piping connections, heat exchangers and tanks for use during system servicing. Provide an automatic Glycol fill system with pressure activated injection pump. Provide an expansion tank sized to accept Glycol system expansion with the storage tank pump not enabled (no heat rejection from Glycol loop). Provide basket strainers before and check valves after each pump. Provide mechanical pipe unions or flanges to facilitate equipment servicing as required. Install a current sensor on the existing pool heating pump. Sensor to engage contactor within Icarus control panel to operate the thermal loops between the Icarus heat exchanger, the water storage tank and the solar panel array. The Icarus pumped loops will activate only when existing pool heating pump is active, and the water storage tank temperature is warmer than water feeding pool heaters. Page 658 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Icarus RT | LOMA VERDE COMMUNITY CENTER, CHULA VISTA BLACK & VEATCH | 10 Figure 7 – Solar Array Piping Schematic Page 659 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Icarus RT | LOMA VERDE COMMUNITY CENTER, CHULA VISTA BLACK & VEATCH | 11 Each PV panel heat exchanger is connected to a row pipe branch with 1” schedule 80 PVC or CPVC. These connect to a row branch sized based on the number of panels in the row. The row branch is piped in a reverse return configuration so that the system self-balances flow for each panel heat exchanger. At the top of each panel there is a manual and automatic air vent. Each row supply main will have its own isolation ball valve with an isolation ball valve and balancing valve provided on the return branch. Provide a pressure and temperature test port integral to the isolation valve for each row’s supply and return. There are also pressure/temperature test ports at each connection to the PV heat exchanger. These test ports allow temporary installation of temperature and pressure indicators. Temperature and pressure gauges shall be installed at each inlet and outlet heat exchangers and the water storage tank. Refer to the schematic diagrams above for pipeline sizes. Sizes are provided for pricing only and will require final review by equipment manufacture. Piping from the Icarus mechanical equipment space to the solar panel branch lines should be an engineered, pre-insulated, below-ground piping system such as Perma-Pipe’s PVC-Therm. The above-ground branch piping at each solar panel row to be insulated PVC or CPVC with PVC jacket. Page 660 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda v . 0 03 P a g e | 1 October 24, 2023 ITEM TITLE Grant Award and Appropriation: Accept a Grant from the U.S. Department of Justice for the Bulletproof Vest Partnership and Appropriate Funds Report Number: 23-0281 Location: No specific geographic location Department: Police Environmental Notice: The activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the California Environmental Quality Act State Guidelines; therefore, pursuant to State Guidelines Section 15060(c)(3) no environmental review is required. Recommended Action Adopt a resolution accepting $4,422.96 in grant funds and appropriating the funds to the Police Grants Section of the Federal Grants Fund for the Bulletproof Vest Partnership Program (4/5 Vote Required). SUMMARY The U.S. Department of Justice has awarded $4,422.96 to the Police Department for the Patrick Leahy Bulletproof Vest Partnership grant program. The grant funding will pay for 50 percent of the cost of bulletproof vests for police officers. Matching funds are already included in the Police budget. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW The Director of Development Services has reviewed the proposed activity for compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and has determined that the activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the State CEQA Guidelines because it will not result in a physical change in the environment; therefore, pursuant to Section 15060(c)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines, the activity is not subject to CEQA. Thus, no environmental review is required. BOARD/COMMISSION/COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION Not applicable. Page 661 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 2 DISCUSSION On June 16, 1998, the Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Act of 1998 was signed as law. The purpose of the Act is to save the lives of law enforcement officers by helping States and units of local government equip their law enforcement officers with armor vests. The Bulletproof Vest Partnership (“BVP”) is a program of the U.S. Department of Justice administered by the Bureau of Justice Assistance (“BJA”). The program is designed to pay up to 50 percent of the cost of bulletproof vests for law enforcement officers. The BJA announces BVP funding opportunities on an annual basis. In April 2023, the BJA announced the BVP funding opportunity for its fiscal year 2023 allocation. The Police Department applied for funding and was recently notified by BJA that the application was approved. The Department has been receiving BVP awards since 2000 and has been awarded $4,422.96 for the fiscal year 2022-23 funding period. Fiscal year 2022-23 BVP funds remain available until August 31, 2025. There is no formal award document to sign or accept the grant funds. BVP funds are managed through their online platform. DECISION-MAKER CONFLICT Staff has reviewed the decision contemplated by this action and has determined that it is not site-specific and consequently, the 500-foot rule found in California Code of Regulations Title 2, section 18702.2(a)(11), is not applicable to this decision for purposes of determining a disqualifying real property-related financial conflict of interest under the Political Reform Act (Cal. Gov't Code § 87100, et seq.). Staff is not independently aware, and has not been informed by any City Council member, of any other fact that may constitute a basis for a decision maker conflict of interest in this matter. CURRENT-YEAR FISCAL IMPACT Approval of this resolution will result in a one-time appropriation of $4,422.96 to the supplies and services category of the Police Grants sections of the Federal Grants fund. The funding from the U.S. Department of Justice will completely offset these costs, resulting in no net fiscal impact. Funds for the 50 percent match requirement are already included in the Police Department’s adopted budget. ONGOING FISCAL IMPACT There is no ongoing fiscal impact as a result of accepting these grant funds. ATTACHMENTS None. Staff Contact: Chief Roxana Kennedy, Police Department Administrative Services Manager Jonathan Alegre, Police Department Page 662 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda RESOLUTION NO. __________ RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA ACCEPTING FUNDS FROM THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FOR THE BULLETPROOF VEST PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR WHEREAS, the Bulletproof Vest Partnership is a program of the United States Department of Justice (administered by the Bureau of Justice Assistance) designed to pay up to 50 percent of the cost of bulletproof vests for law enforcement officers; and WHEREAS, the Police Department requested funding via the Bulletproof Vest Partnership program; and WHEREAS, the Police Department was awarded $4,422.96 for the purchase of bulletproof vests; and WHEREAS, the grant requires a 50 percent local match, which has been identified in the Police Department budget. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista, that it hereby accepts $4,422.96 from the U.S. Department of Justice and appropriates said funds to the supplies and services category of the Police Grants section of the Federal Grants Fund for the Bulletproof Vest Partnership. Presented by Approved as to form by Roxana Kennedy Jill D.S. Maland Police Chief Lounsbery Ferguson Altona & Peak Acting City Attorney Page 663 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda v . 0 03 P a g e | 1 October 24, 2023 ITEM TITLE Memorandum of Understanding: Approve a Memorandum of Understanding with Landify ECT Corporation Regarding Potential Development of Certain Park Improvements Report Number: 23-0295 Location: Lower Sweetwater Community Park and Otay Ranch Community Park North Department: City Manager & Development Services Environmental Notice: The activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) State Guidelines; therefore, pursuant to State Guidelines Section 15060(c)(3) no environmental review is required. Before any potential park development could occur, further action by the City Council would have to be taken, which action would be accompanied by appropriate environmental review under CEQA. Recommended Action Adopt a resolution approving a Memorandum of Understanding with Landify ECT Corporation regarding the potential development of certain park improvements. SUMMARY Staff recommends entering into a Memorandum of Understanding with Landify ECT Corporation (“ECT”) to evaluate the feasibility of developing the Lower Sweetwater Community Park and the Otay Ranch Community Park North sites, and such other sites as may be mutually agreed to by the parties. ECT offers a singular park delivery model, wherein park development is partially or fully self-financed through tipping fees paid by excavation companies allowed to dispose of tested and clean soil on ECT managed sites. The Memorandum of Understanding will enable ECT and its representatives to conduct studies to determine the feasibility of delivering the subject park sites through the re-use of inert excavated soil from construction sites and the associated tipping fees. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW The Director of Development Services has reviewed the proposed activity for compliance with CEQA and has determined that the activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the State CEQA Guidelines because it will not result in a physical change in the environment; therefore, pursuant to Section 15060(c)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines, the activity is not subject to CEQA. Thus, no environmental review is required. Page 664 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 2 Should development of any of the contemplated park sites move forward, additional action of the City Council would be required. Such action would be accompanied by an appropriate environmental review. BOARD/COMMISSION/COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION Not applicable. DISCUSSION The City of Chula Vista Park and Recreation Master Plan identifies a number of future park sites to be developed, including, but not limited to, the Lower Sweetwater Community Park and Otay Ranch Community Park North. The Lower Sweetwater Community Park is envisioned to include multipurpose fields, an outdoor basketball court, tennis/pickleball courts, play structures, a dog park, picnic tables, shade structures, as well as maintenance and restroom facilities. The Otay Ranch Community Park North is envisioned to include multipurpose fields, baseball fields, an outdoor basketball court, tennis/pickleball courts, play structures, picnic tables, shade structures, as well as concessions, maintenance, and restroom facilities. With limited resources available to deliver these and other critical projects, the City regularly seeks out new funding sources and opportunities to reduce park delivery costs. One such opportunity has been presented by ECT. Originating in France, ECT offers a unique business model of upcycling excavated inert soils from construction sites. This is accomplished by charging excavation companies tipping fees in order to dispose their clean fill on ECT controlled sites and using those same soils to create park landforms. The tipping fees are then reinvested in park development. Strict quality controls and traceability processes are implemented by ECT to ensure compliance with all soil safety regulations. Staff recommends entering into a Memorandum of Understanding (“MOU”) with ECT regarding the potential development of certain park improvements (Attachment 1). The MOU will enable ECT and its representatives to study the feasibility of developing potential park sites using ECT’s tipping financed model, including evaluating environmental conditions. The MOU does not obligate the City or ECT (together, the “Parties”) to proceed with any of the potential park projects and both Parties retain the right to terminate the MOU with or without cause. The MOU primarily addresses the development of the Lower Sweetwater Community Park site, but also contemplates the development of the Otay Ranch Community Park North site and such other sites as the Parties may mutually agree to consider developing. If the Parties agree to proceed with development of the Lower Sweetwater Community Park, Otay Ranch Community Park North, or any other site, the Parties will undertake design, entitlements, and negotiation of a definitive agreement. Should the Parties agree to move forward with design of any of the potential park sites, ECT will be responsible for all consultant costs incurred, while the City will be responsible for all internal costs incurred (including consultants working as an extension of staff). Similarly, should the Parties mutually agree to undertake the entitlement process, ECT will solely fund all necessary entitlements, with the City funding internal review efforts. Should the City Council approve entering into the MOU as proposed, the first round of due diligence and feasibility analysis is expected to be completed within six months. A robust community engagement effort will be undertaken jointly by ECT and the City to ensure stakeholders are given a voice in the programming of the park sites. Page 665 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 3 DECISION-MAKER CONFLICT Staff has reviewed the property holdings of the City Council members and has found no property holdings within 1,000 feet of the boundaries of the property which is the subject of this action. Consequently, this item does not present a disqualifying real property-related financial conflict of interest under California Code of Regulations Title 2, section 18702.2(a)(7) or (8), for purposes of the Political Reform Act (Cal. Gov’t Code §87100, et seq.). Staff is not independently aware, and has not been informed by any City Council member, of any other fact that may constitute a basis for a decision-maker conflict of interest in this matter. CURRENT-YEAR FISCAL IMPACT Entering into an MOU with ECT has no current year fiscal impact. All costs incurred in conducting the feasibility studies will be borne by ECT. Should construction of any of the potential park sites move forward, the fiscal impacts of developing each park would be analyzed and presented to the City Council in conjunction with the associated definitive agreement. ONGOING FISCAL IMPACT Entering into an MOU with ECT has no ongoing fiscal impact. All costs incurred in conducting the feasibility studies will be borne by ECT. Should construction of any of the potential park sites move forward, the fiscal impacts of developing each park would be analyzed and presented to the City Council in conjunction with the associated definitive agreement. ATTACHMENTS 1. ECT MOU Staff Contact: Tiffany Allen, Assistant City Manager Laura C. Black, AICP, Director of Development Services Page 666 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Form Rev 3/6/2023 RESOLUTION NO. __________ RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA APPROVING MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING REGARDING POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CERTAIN PARK IMPROVEMENTS BETWEEN THE CITY AND LANDIFY ECT CORPORATION WHEREAS, Landify ECT Corporation (“ECT”) focuses on “upcycling,” including reusing tested and clean excavated soil from urban construction sites to assist communities and local authorities in the delivery of sustainable public park projects through a collaborative development model; and WHEREAS, one of the benefits of ECT’s business model is that ECT will partially self - finance the public park development projects it undertakes; and WHEREAS, the City has an interest in certain parcels of land to be developed for public park purposes, including but not limited to, those sites commonly known as the Lower Sweetwater Community Park and the Otay Ranch Community Park North (the “Proposed Park Projects”); and WHEREAS, the City desires the future potential development of the Proposed Park Projects; and WHEREAS, the Lower Sweetwater Community Park is envisioned to include multipurpose fields, an outdoor basketball court, tennis/pickleball courts, play structures, a dog park, picnic tables, shade structures, as well as maintenance and restroom facilities; and WHEREAS, the Otay Ranch Community Park North is envisioned to include multipurpose fields, baseball fields, an outdoor basketball court, tennis/pickleball courts, play structures, picnic tables, shade structures, as well as concessions, maintenance, and restroom facilities; and WHEREAS, the City intends to initiate the necessary review and approval of each of the Proposed Park Projects pursuant to a master plan or similar process (each, a “Park Master Plan”) to be prepared by ECT; and WHEREAS, the Parties desire to utilize ECT’s expertise to develop certain of the improvements in the Proposed Park Projects, consistent with the possible Park Master Plans; and WHEREAS, the Parties desire to enter into a Memorandum of Understanding Regarding Potential Development of Certain Park Improvements (the “MOU”, which is Attachment 1 to the Staff Report on this matter) to enable the Parties to undertake the required due diligence to evaluate the feasibility of the Proposed Park Projects including, among others, evaluating environmental conditions on the subject Park lands; and Page 667 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Resolution No. Page 2 WHEREAS, should the Parties agree that proceeding with the Proposed Park Projects is feasible and mutually desirable, then the MOU will facilitate ECT’s proposal to construct some or all of the contemplated improvements (all such amenities and park uses to be discussed with the City and local stakeholders and approved by the City); and WHEREAS, if, after receipt and satisfactory review of ECT’s proposal to construct some or all of the contemplated improvements, the Parties intend to proceed with the Design, Entitlements, and Definitive Agreement(s), as described more fully in the MOU; and WHEREAS, the City may identify and propose additional sites for public park development by the Parties in the future (the “Potential Park Projects”); and WHEREAS, because ECT will develop certain improvements in the Proposed Park Projects without cost or expense to the City for such work, typical competitive bidding requirements do not apply; and WHEREAS, City staff recommends approval and adoption of the MOU with ECT; and WHEREAS, the City Council has reviewed and considered all materials for the MOU with ECT. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista, that it approves the Memorandum of Understanding Regarding Potential Development of Certain Park Improvements, between the City and Landify ECT Corporation, in the form presented, with such minor modifications as may be required or approved by the City Attorney, a copy of which shall be kept on file in the Office of the City Clerk, and authorizes and directs the City Manager to execute same. Presented by Approved as to form by Tiffany Allen Jill D.S. Maland Assistant City Manager Lounsbery Ferguson Altona & Peak Acting City Attorney Page 668 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda A-1 MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING REGARDING POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CERTAIN PARK IMPROVEMENTS IN CHULA VISTA, CALIFORNIA This MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING (“MOU”) is entered into by and between the City of Chula Vista, a chartered municipal corporation (the “City”) and Landify ECT Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“ECT”) (each a “Party”, collectively, the “Parties”), effective as of this day of , 2023 (the “Effective Date”). RECITALS A. WHEREAS, ECT focuses on “upcycling,” including reusing tested and clean excavated soil from urban construction sites to assist communities and local authorities in the delivery of sustainable public park projects through a collaborative development model; and B. WHEREAS, one of the benefits of ECT’s business model is that ECT will partially self-finance the public park development projects it undertakes; and C. WHEREAS, the City has an interest in certain parcels of land to be developed for public park purposes, including but not limited to, those sites commonly known as the Lower Sweetwater Community Park and the Otay Ranch Community Park North, as shown on Exhibit A, attached hereto (the “Proposed Park Projects”); and D. WHEREAS, the City desires the development of the Proposed Park Projects; and E. WHEREAS, the Lower Sweetwater Community Park is envisioned to include multipurpose fields, an outdoor basketball court, tennis/pickleball courts, play structures, a dog park, picnic tables, shade structures, as well as maintenance and restroom facilities; and F. WHEREAS, the Otay Ranch Community Park North is envisioned to include multipurpose fields, baseball fields, an outdoor basketball court, tennis/pickleball courts, play structures, picnic tables, shade structures, as well as concessions, maintenance, and restroom facilities; and G. WHEREAS, preliminary plans illustrating the potential developments of the Proposed Park Project sites are depicted on Exhibit B, including several enhancements as part of the City’s commitment to establishing and maintaining facilities, parks and services that enhance the quality of life for the community; and H. WHEREAS, the City intends to initiate the necessary review and approval of each of the Proposed Park Projects pursuant to a master plan or similar process (each, a “Park Master Plan”) to be prepared by ECT; and I. WHEREAS, the Parties desire to utilize ECT’s expertise to develop certain of the improvements in the Proposed Park Projects, consistent with the possible Park Master Plans; and Page 669 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 2 J. WHEREAS, the Parties are entering into this document to enable the Parties to undertake the required due diligence to evaluate the feasibility of the Proposed Park Projects including, among others, evaluating environmental conditions on the subject Park lands; and K. WHEREAS, should the Parties agree that proceeding with the Proposed Park Projects is feasible and mutually desirable, then this document will facilitate ECT’s proposal to construct some or all of the contemplated improvements (all such amenities and park uses to be discussed with the City and local stakeholders and approved by the City); and L. WHEREAS, if, after receipt and satisfactory review of ECT’s proposal to construct some or all of the contemplated improvements, the Parties intend to proceed with the Design, Entitlements, and Definitive Agreement(s), as described more fully below; and M. WHEREAS, the City may identify and propose additional sites for public park development by the Parties in the future (the “Potential Park Projects”). AGREEMENT NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the above Recitals, and the covenants contained herein, the Parties hereby agree as follows: Section 1.1 Intent. This document is intended to describe participation being considered by the Parties in the development of the Proposed Park Projects where external fill may be useful and a non-traditional funding mechanism for the delivery of the Proposed Parks is desired by the City. This document does not commit the City to moving forward with such Proposed Park Projects. The City retains sole discretion to decide what will be done in the Proposed Park Project areas, including the option to develop parks in the Proposed Park Project sites without using external fill. If the City decides to build parks at the Proposed Park Project sites using external fill, the City agrees to do so with ECT. Because ECT will develop certain improvements in the Proposed Park Projects without cost or expense to the City for such work, typical competiti ve bidding requirements would not apply. Section 1.2 Due Diligence. Each Party shall timely provide, and shall direct its representatives, including attorneys, consultants, and financial advisors, to provide to the other Party and its representatives, reasonable access to the Proposed Park Project sites, as well as such non- confidential and non-privileged information (including, without limitation, soils and environmental reports) that each such Party reasonably deems necessary, to evaluate the feasibility of, and to advance, the Proposed Park Projects. The City shall be responsible for all internal costs incurred by staff, and consultants functioning as an extension of staff, in conducting the due diligence. ECT shall be responsible for all other costs incurred conducting the due diligence. Further, before any due diligence activities by ECT occur relating to any Proposed Park Project sites, ECT shall be required to enter into a License Agreement or Right of Entry Agreement with the City, which Agreements shall address, among other items, ECT’s requirements for indemnity, insurance, restoration of properties, and removal of liens regarding such due diligence work. Also, the Parties shall endeavor to complete their due diligence in a timely manner, such that the Parties can decide whether to proceed with the Proposed Park Projects no later than six (6) months after full execution of this MOU (unless the mutually Parties agree on an extension), and for the Page 670 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 3 Potential Park Projects by such deadline as may be agreed upon by the Parties. Each of the Parties shall retain sole discretion as to whether they will proceed with the Proposed Park Projects and Potential Park Projects upon completion of the due diligence. Section 1.3 Design. The Parties will collaboratively develop a preliminary design and site plan depicting the improvements to each of the Proposed Park Projects, which will include elevations (each, a “Preliminary Design Plan”). ECT will fund the Preliminary Design Plan at its sole and exclusive costs. The Parties will work together to refine the plans and specifications to address the City’s concerns, including community and stakeholder input, taking into account ECT’s project delivery methodology, and this process will be repeated until such time as the Parties have agreed on the plans and specifications for each of the Proposed Park Projects (each, the “Approved Plans”). Unless the Parties agree otherwise, construction (excluding buildings) on any individual component of each of the Proposed Park Projects will not commence until such time as the Parties have agreed on the Approved Plans for that particular component, and a Definitive Agreement (defined in Section 1.6 below) has been executed by the Parties. Section 1.4 Entitlements. Once the Parties have reached agreement on the Approved Plans, ECT will take the lead, at its sole cost but with the City’s cooperation, in obtaining all other entitlements for each of the Proposed Park Projects, including building permits for construction, and any other necessary permits or approvals. Upon execution of this MOU, ECT is authorized by the City to contact any regulatory or other governmental agencies, as may be necessary in connection with obtaining information and entitlements for the Proposed Park Projects, including CalRecycle and the San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board. ECT will do this in total transparency with the City, including copying the City on written communications with the agencies. The City will be the Lead Agency for purposes of conducting any required review and permitting for the Proposed Park Projects, including environmental review pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”). The approval of this MOU shall not commit the City to the approval of any of the Proposed Park Projects or any iteration thereof, and shall not limit the scope of any CEQA analysis, including but not limited to project mitigation measures and the consideration of project alternatives, including a no-project alternative. The provisions of this Section shall not in any way limit, hinder or affect the discretion and independent judgment of the City to review CEQA documents and impose mitigation measures, alter any of the Proposed Park Projects or deny any of the Proposed Park Projects. If the City or any other regulatory agency with jurisdiction imposes any condition of approval that materially increases the cost of constructing any component of these Proposed Park Projects, this may cause ECT to exercise its right to terminate this MOU. Section 1.5 City Commitment. The City is under no obligation to proceed with all or any portion of the Proposed Park Projects. However, if the City decides to create a park on any of the Proposed Park Project sites using an external fill disposal fee funding model, it shall do so with ECT. This commitment shall not be construed to limit the City’s ability to proceed with site grading that would occur as part of a regular park development process, including the import, export, and rebalancing of soils. Section 1.6 Definitive Agreement(s). Upon obtaining all entitlements and approvals for each Proposed Park Project, the Parties intend to execute one or more written construction contracts with respect to that Proposed Park Project (or component thereof). A written construction contract Page 671 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 4 for any component of such Project is referred to as a “Definitive Agreement.” Each Definitive Agreement will, among other obligations, (a) require that ECT obtain and maintain all appropriate licenses required to construct any such component of the Project, (b) define the scope of the construction that ECT will undertake, (c) require ECT to construct any such component of the Project on the terms and conditions agreed to in the Definitive Agreement, and (d) require ECT to satisfy all applicable public works requirements (including but not limited to payment of prevailing wages for construction services, insurance, indemnification, and warranties) consistent with City Codes and regulations in connection with such construction. Each Definitive Agreement will also include a construction schedule for the construction of the applicable Project component (the “Construction Schedule”). Upon execution of each Definitive Agreement, ECT will proceed, at its sole and full costs, with the construction of the Project components covered by such Agreement, in accordance with the terms of such Definitive Agreement, the Approved Plans and the Construction Schedule. The City will not be charged for the const ruction materials, labor, work and services provided by ECT. Section 1.7 Potential Park Projects. Should the City identify Potential Park Project sites other than the Proposed Park Projects in the future, the processes and commitments provided in Sections 1.2 through 1.6 shall apply to those sites so identified. Such identification of Potential Park Sites shall be made in writing to the ECT representative identified in Section 1.8 below. City parks not identified pursuant to this process shall be outside the scope of this MOU. Section 1.8 Representatives. Each Party shall designate one representative (each, a “Representative”), who will be authorized to communicate decisions and grants of approval for such Party, under this MOU. Either Party may change its Representative by giving written notice of the change to the other Party. City Representative: City of Chula Vista Tiffany Allen 276 Fourth Avenue Chula Vista, CA 91910 (619) 691-5179 tallen@chulavistaca.gov For Legal Notice Copy to: City of Chula Vista City Attorney 276 Fourth Avenue Chula Vista, CA 91910 (619) 691-5037 CityAttorney@chulavistaca.gov ECT Representative: Landify ECT Corporation Jonathan Bryden 580 California Street, 12th and 16th Floors Page 672 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 5 San Francisco, California 94104 (415) 635-3555 jbryden@groupe-ect.com For Legal Notice Copy to: Robin Madaffer, Esq. 1620 Fifth Avenue, Suite 400 San Diego, California 92101 (619) 239-7603 robin@sdlandlaw.com Section 1.9 Further Details to be Negotiated. The Parties acknowledge that the details of the Proposed Park Projects and Potential Park Projects described herein are intended to be the subject of further discussion and negotiation between the Parties, all of which will be reflected in the Definitive Agreement(s). The City will prepare the first draft of the Definitive Agreement; provided, at the request of the City, ECT will prepare the initial draft of the Definitive Agreement. THIS MOU IS INTENDED AS A PRELIMINARY EXPRESSION OF GENERAL INTENTIONS AND, WHILE THE PARTIES INTEND TO PROCEED WITH THE PROPOSED PARK PROJECTS AND POTENTIAL PARK PROJECTS AND AGREE TO PURSUE THEM IN GOOD FAITH, EITHER SHALL HAVE THE RIGHT TO IMMEDIATELY TERMINATE THIS MOU WITH OR WITHOUT CAUSE; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT TERMINATION OF THIS MOU WILL NOT AFFECT ANY DEFINITIVE AGREEMENT THAT HAS BEEN FULLY EXECUTED AND DELIVERED BY THE PARTIES PRIOR TO SUCH TERMINATION. Section 1.10 Notices. Any notice from one Party to the other in connection with this MOU, shall be given to the Parties’ at their respective addresses set forth in Section 1.8. Notices may be given by email, U.S. mail, overnight courier that provides evidence of delivery, or personal delivery, with postage prepaid by the sending party. Notices given by email shall be deemed given when sent; notices given by overnight courier or personal delivery shall be deemed given when delivered; and notices given by U.S. mail shall be deemed given three days after deposit in a U.S. Postal Service mailbox. Section 1.11 Exclusive Dealings. Upon execution of this MOU by both Parties, the City will not solicit or accept any offers or engage in any discussion concerning the development of any of the Lower Sweetwater Community Park (or any component thereof), until such time as this MOU is terminated, as provided herein. Section 1.12 Governing Law. This MOU and the interpretation hereof shall be governed by the internal laws of the State of California, without regard to such state’s conflict of law rules. Section 1.13 Counterparts. This MOU may be executed in any number of counterparts, all of which, when taken together, shall be considered one and the same agreement, and shall become effective when at least one counterpart has been executed and delivered by each Party, it being agreed that both Parties need not sign the same counterpart. A Party’s signature that is provided digitally or electronically, or is delivered by email, facsimile or other electronic means, shall be Page 673 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 6 valid and binding on the Party so executing or delivering its signature, and shall have the same force and effect as if such signature were an original thereof. Page 674 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda 7 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have executed this MOU as of the Effective Date set forth above. LANDIFY ECT CORPORATION, CITY OF CHULA VISTA, a Delaware corporation a municipal corporation By: By: Jonathan Bryden Maria V. Kachadoorian President City Manager APPROVED AS TO FORM By: Jill D.S.Maland Lounsbery Ferguson Altona & Peak Acting City Attorney Page 675 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda A-1 Exhibit A Page 676 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda B-1 Exhibit B Page 677 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Page 678 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Page 679 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Page 680 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Written ns Item # b6lNarne f 0 CHULA VISTA, CA 91910 Telephone Honorable Mayor &City Council October 24, 2023 Here is the context explaining my presentations over the past several months. When the first twenty page draft of The "Tenant Protection Ordinance 1was released last year I consulted several property managers. John Miller, of Jon Miller Realty, was not concerned and was confident the Ordinance would never pass. Mr. Miller concluded- that the $5,000.00 daily fines levied on unsuspecting Landlords and/or Tenants would force drastic rent increases devastating the homeless, elderly, and Chula. Vista's Rental Community. On the other hand, Earl Jentz, of Balboa Realty, realizing the politics involved. explained The TPO was Mary Salas's "Baby". Our previous Mayor was going to ram the ordinance thru no mater how -many low income tenants were effected. Tire second to last Council Meeting of the previous session, was under pressure to "Pass Something". The majority of Council Members voted to pass The TPOO Page 1 of 4 Page 681 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda M ff 'N 0 1 M.()S-,t (...,OLincil Members stated the Ordinance wasn t perfc-:k,cf" and expressed hoper the daniaging clai-ises AVO-Uld be ni.odi.ned b r th.I*S fU. e Citv COulicil, Jitl G a .r ez k/Ytedr naev1"he Ordinance realizi-m2-, the finai')..c.tal. dani.acwt-.t. till's measure WO cedes o-ur rental community. (-.,0Un.Cij Member Js,-.,)hn. McCann. was forced. to recuse himse 1.1" 1 held an 0 i-.11, lk,--, 0 u. ni. c jil, Nlembers soi--li,"i.e sav are m.ade view that ay.\./are of t.I'I'e once 1--yj 0 S tr d e :- t j 1 1 0 Clauses withm The Ordinance aind AI'lvere presena•e.4e,.. wit 11'ynpleS m.odifications to reiorie(, J" i o se11.1 harniful- e-1.'f'(--.%.ct.s,, the 4", PO wo-tj-ld.- be W 00 1 alteredto t he financi.a.i. retief oir'the most vulti-),erabJe tl.eminls o-111. r coni,,rriU- L-1, n 11, 1-11ease reviiew the fifteen pa2e aria].-Nisiof' 0 eS j. -i e at i *v e si. d, e ef e c t s of' J` ..e -Ferin.ai-.it Protecti()n s at is w -as pr pared fron'li- C'tv Sta-t"safOrdli,inani.:.e.." 1 1 a I S, aH- ed todda:fa to create .1-te TPO. It has been E i I you and is an, easy iec--id. You have also been provi.ded. A h clopies o- -6tProtecton. Ord i ai.,xv aifthe n. i s -t r a t.i !4% j eti,, e 1. 11 04_<- .i.n. a, n- c eICj,-,i.an.-t Pro-tecti Re 41% cyulations J, to al.l. oN,,,-r . ou to confiri-n- the acc-uracv o -f -,,-,he W fte a Yw,-! N Qh/ S f" a . rGk _e purpose of nil--; Tuesday presban n-tatiotis is 1,0 J SIS I t ii j, AA,(,lteei,&*"i- pa, --),e . \ * n., th.'ree m, j uteexplainthisf'.i I LC . VZ:7 IKVY Page 2 of 4 Page 682 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda t H naff ai ionedLLVQMI*flftuti L.-widl,urd.s.andZur Teuajua. Staf' ft" s statement that enforcement N.'VIII 'be I" a co't"i,.ce-ti.trated. on. "'Bad Actors" iis not ti,*Ue. Many be.fi.eve he five underfined, words below Nvere added as a precauti.0fl4 . I'liere „,pI-kI., a.,,*e not. e.nou(-Yh "Bad -Actors' 'to generate sulticient tncom.e to SLI P011 th.e burcreo-nitic, staff asse.j.-nbl.ed to e.t-vI'(-)_tc-.e 'I"he Pi-,,o,,&',ec*h(.,)n U r t e. T M. Y*M j elIAM, h D. h9 t.-ML. M.,051 W CJ,aiuse 9.6n.. ,,08OC2*,o,, "Ci.vu, penalfies for -vlo f?f thi'S”, chapter inqy be assessed at a rate not to exceed v W . a per violation Per TiVlte.ii a vvrolaft* on OccurS.'" I''iL, ire inustMdu.m. izotev to ct, r a ivart q or5. 01 ven., I Itsit, ' i thv cilation, or cullbegibef,we an. ad penalt I utavvbe issneil. Re s r ft w Make a mistake... 'a. fil-t-tel. Z711 MoreEfficient Wa Fix "I'ke. Proble? Xh*ffIWMAis 1011111191-1 ko"I'e-riant _Pt-atectianConsngthoseviola,,,--Iiori. of the Or,dj.nanue must be inforji-i.ed wi-iet-i. legal action, iS., b e -i n. g i n.,.)..rce the'ITO is -to si,.11-)plvtaketi,,, t -he ni-ost ef-1-tclen.t way to e,i..f Page 3 of 4 Page 683 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda MI.Sus-pecting dua hen. they are olation, n.,for'm 7"his ca.nbe acconiplished bv simply rem.ovim4 the -bollo-vvitl(y W, underl"i tied. word.s of Clause 9.65.080CA1i,,`v0,*,, **Oit is /lot, e. ed Ih tit, mm, fit I 4 Once corj-sc,l,-(zn,,,,itio,us iinat-viduals', w -e of t1ne, Tv"I.01aftioll, thev will con -w it-jitresoconiimneewntlePI UnSCITIPUIOUS -nd'viduri, i als w"ll atte-,i't7,pt to a wc.,-,ty, 'to ci,rulln.Vellt lle I aw. This su-npllillfies process of tnt .' e- lors". Thartklidentli"t"Y' 'I'll Ilnd I evv i fines against BC- Page 4 of 4 Page 684 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Page 685 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda v . 0 03 P a g e | 1 October 24, 2023 ITEM TITLE Grant Award and Appropriation: Accept a Grant from the U.S. Department of Justice for the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant and Appropriate Funds Report Number: 23-0280 Location: No specific geographic location Department: Police Environmental Notice: The activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the California Environmental Quality Act State Guidelines; therefore, pursuant to State Guidelines Section 15060(c)(3) no environmental review is required. Recommended Action Conduct a public hearing and adopt a resolution accepting $75,986 grant funds and appropriating said funds to the Police Grants Section of the Federal Grants Fund for the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant. (4/5 Vote Required) SUMMARY The Police Department has received notice of the 2023 Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant award in the amount of $75,986 from the U.S. Department of Justice. These funds were allocated to the Police Department based on city population and Part 1 violent crime statistics. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW The Director of Development Services has reviewed the proposed activity for compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and has determined that the activity is not a “Project” as defined under Section 15378 of the State CEQA Guidelines because it will not result in a physical change in the environment; therefore, pursuant to Section 15060(c)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines, the activity is not subject to CEQA. Thus, no environmental review is required. BOARD/COMMISSION/COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION Not applicable. Page 686 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 2 DISCUSSION Proposed to streamline justice funding and grant administration, the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant (“JAG”) Program allows states, tribes, and local governments to support a broad range of activities to prevent and control crime based on their local needs and conditions. Federal funds from the Edward Byrne Memorial JAG Program must be used to supplement existing funds for program activities and cannot replace, or supplant, nonfederal funds that have been appropriated for the same purpose. The unit of local government must provide assurance that the application or any future amendment was made and an opportunity to comment was provided to citizens and the neighborhood or community organizations of applicable law. Local match is not required with the JAG Program. The Police Department received notice on September 22, 2023, of an Edward Byrne Memorial JAG award in the amount of $75,986 from the U.S. Department of Justice. These funds were allocated to the Police Department based on city population and Part 1 violent crime statistics. Part 1 violent crimes include murder and non-negligent manslaughters, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assaults as reported by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Acceptance and appropriation of these funds requires a public hearing per stipulations of the Justice Assistance Grant. The Police Department recommends using the JAG funds for the personnel costs of a Police Community Relations Specialist. The Community Relations Unit was disbanded in the Police Department during previous budget cuts. The Police Community Relations Specialist was reinstated through 2009 American Reinvestment and Recovery Act (“ARRA”) funds, covering a two-year period of July 2009 to June 2011. When ARRA funds were depleted, JAG funds were used to retain this position. The Police Department is recommending continuation of using JAG funds for Police Community Relations Specialist personnel costs during fiscal year 2023/2024. The Police Community Relations Specialist provides a vital link between the community and the Police Department by attending community meetings, coordinating events which involve the community, providing Crime Prevention through Environmental Design assessments for homeowners and businesses, coordinating the annual Citizens Police Academy and the Teen Police Academy, and responds to general inquiries and questions to the Police Department. This position plays an invaluable role serving as the Department’s community liaison. DECISION-MAKER CONFLICT Staff has reviewed the decision contemplated by this action and has determined that it is not site-specific and consequently, the 500-foot rule found in California Code of Regulations Title 2, section 18702.2(a)(11), is not applicable to this decision for purposes of determining a disqualifying real property-related financial conflict of interest under the Political Reform Act (Cal. Gov't Code § 87100, et seq.). Staff is not independently aware and has not been informed by any City Council member, of any other fact that may constitute a basis for a decision maker conflict of interest in this matter. CURRENT-YEAR FISCAL IMPACT Approval of this resolution will result in the acceptance of $75,986 for the 2023 Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant from the U.S. Department of Justice. Page 687 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda P a g e | 3 The estimated FY 2023-24 personnel cost of the Police Community Relations Specialist is $106,581, as outlined in the table below. These personnel costs are already included in the adopted budget. Federal Grant Fund Adopted Budget Mid-Year Appropriation Revised Budget Federal Grant - Other $0 ($75,986) ($75,986) Tfr In from General Fund ($1,000) ($29,595) ($30,595) REVENUE TOTAL ($1,000) ($105,581) ($106,581) Salaries $69,944 $69,944 Flex/Insurance $14,712 $14,712 PERS $6,786 $6,786 Medicare $1,014 $1,014 Workers Comp $2,838 $2,838 Tfr Out (POB) $11,287 $11,287 EXPENSE TOTAL $106,581 $0 $106,581 NET FISCAL IMPACT $105,581 ($105,581) $0 Funds received by JAG will partially offset the annual personnel costs. The remaining costs will be covered by the General Fund, which is approximately $30,595. Approval of this resolution will result in an increase in Estimated Revenues of $75,986 for JAG funds, and a Transfer In from the General Fund in the amount of $29,595. Additionally, approval of the proposed resolution will decrease Personnel Service in the Police Department General Fund appropriations and increase Transfers Out appropriations of $29,595, resulting in no net fiscal impact to the General Fund. ONGOING FISCAL IMPACT Since Justice Assistance Grant funds are awarded on an annual basis, the Police Department plans to continue using these grant funds to partially fund the Police Community Relations Specialist position. The difference between the full costs of the position and the grant award amount will be incorporated as part of the annual budget development process in future fiscal years. ATTACHMENTS 1. Justice Assistance Grant Award #15PBJA-23-GG-03167-JAGX Staff Contact: Chief Roxana Kennedy, Police Department Administrative Services Manager Jonathan Alegre, Police Department General Fund Recommended FY 2023-24 Amendment Personnel Service $ (29,595) Transfers Out $ 29,595 NET FISCAL IMPACT $ 0 Page 688 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda RESOLUTION NO. __________ RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA ACCEPTING THE 2023 EDWARD BYRNE MEMORIAL JUSTICE ASSISTANCE GRANT FROM THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR WHEREAS, the Police Department received notice from the Bureau of Justice Assistance of the 2023 Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant award in the amount of $75,986; and WHEREAS, the grant funding from the U.S. Department of Justice for the 2023 Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant will be used for the personnel costs of one Police Community Relations Specialist; and WHEREAS, the Police Community Relations Specialist provides a vital link between the community and the Police Department; and WHEREAS, a public hearing was conducted to seek input regarding the grant appropriations. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista, that it hereby accepts $75,986 from the U.S. Department of Justice and amends the fiscal year 2023-24 budget and approves the following appropriations. Federal Grant Fund Recommended FY2023-24 Amendment Federal Grant - Other ($75,986) Tfr In from General Fund ($29,595) REVENUE TOTAL ($105,581) BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista, that it approves the Grant Award, between the City and U.S. Department of Justice, in the form presented, with such minor modifications as may be required or approved by the City Attorney, a copy of which shall be kept on file in the Office of the City Clerk , and authorizes and directs the City Manager to execute same. General Fund Recommended FY2023-24 Amendment Personnel Service $ (29,595) Transfers Out $ 29,595 NET FISCAL IMPACT $ 0 Page 689 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Presented by Approved as to form by Roxana Kennedy Jill D.S. Maland Police Chief Lounsbery Ferguson Altona & Peak Acting City Attorney Page 690 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Department of Justice (DOJ) Office of Justice Programs Bureau of Justice Assistance Washington, D.C. 20531 Name and Address of Recipient: CHULA VISTA, CITY OF 276 4TH AVE City, State and Zip:CHULA VISTA, CA 91910 Recipient UEI:KVBYLRZMAGJ9 Project Title: POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS Award Number: 15PBJA-23-GG-03167-JAGX Solicitation Title: BJA FY 23 Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant (JAG) Program - Local Solicitation Federal Award Amount: $75,986.00 Federal Award Date: 9/22/23 Awarding Agency: Office of Justice Programs Bureau of Justice Assistance Funding Instrument Type:Grant Opportunity Category: D Assistance Listing: 16.738 - Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program Project Period Start Date: 10/1/22 Project Period End Date: 9/30/26 Budget Period Start Date: 10/1/22 Budget Period End Date : 9/30/26 Project Description: The City of Chula Vista will use JAG funds for personnel costs of a Police Community Relations Specialist to strengthen partnerships between the community and law enforcement. Page: 1 of 22 Page 691 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Award Letter September 22, 2023 Dear Maria Kachadoorian, On behalf of Attorney General Merrick B. Garland, it is my pleasure to inform you the Office of Justice Programs (OJP) has approved the application submitted by CHULA VISTA, CITY OF for an award under the funding opportunity entitled 2023 BJA FY 23 Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant (JAG) Program - Local Solicitation. The approved award amount is $75,986. Review the Award Instrument below carefully and familiarize yourself with all conditions and requirements before accepting your award. The Award Instrument includes the Award Offer (Award Information, Project Information, Financial Information, and Award Conditions) and Award Acceptance. For COPS Office and OVW funding the Award Offer also includes any Other Award Documents. Please note that award requirements include not only the conditions and limitations set forth in the Award Offer, but also compliance with assurances and certifications that relate to conduct during the period of performance for the award. These requirements encompass financial, administrative, and programmatic matters, as well as other important matters (e.g., specific restrictions on use of funds). Therefore, all key staff should receive the award conditions, the assurances and certifications, and the application as approved by OJP , so that they understand the award requirements. Information on all pertinent award requirements also must be provided to any subrecipient of the award. Should you accept the award and then fail to comply with an award requirement, DOJ will pursue appropriate remedies for non-compliance, which may include termination of the award and/or a requirement to repay award funds. Prior to accepting the award, your Entity Administrator must assign a Financial Manager, Grant Award Administrator, and Authorized Representative(s) in the Justice Grants System (JustGrants). The Entity Administrator will need to ensure the assigned Authorized Representative(s) is current and has the legal authority to accept awards and bind the entity to the award terms and conditions. To accept the award, the Authorized Representative(s) must accept all parts of the Award Offer in the Justice Grants System (JustGrants), including by executing the required declaration and certification, within 45 days from the award date. To access your funds, you will need to enroll in the Automated Standard Application for Payments (ASAP) system, if you haven’t already completed the enrollment process in ASAP. The Entity Administrator should have already received an email from ASAP to initiate this process. Congratulations, and we look forward to working with you. Maureen Henneberg Deputy Assistant Attorney General Office for Civil Rights Notice for All Recipients The Office for Civil Rights (OCR), Office of Justice Programs (OJP), U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) has been delegated the responsibility for ensuring that recipients of federal financial assistance from the OJP, the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS), and the Office on Violence Against Women (OVW) are not engaged in discrimination prohibited by law. Several federal civil rights laws, such as Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, require recipients of federal financial assistance to give assurances that they will comply with those laws. Taken together, these civil rights laws prohibit recipients of federal financial assistance from DOJ from discriminating in services and employment because of race, color, national origin, religion, disability, sex, and, for grants authorized under the Violence Against Women Act, sexual orientation and gender identity. Recipients are also prohibited from discriminating in services because of age. For a complete review of these civil rights laws and nondiscrimination requirements, in connection with DOJ awards, see https://ojp.gov/funding/ Explore/LegalOverview/CivilRightsRequirements.htm. Under the delegation of authority, the OCR investigates allegations of discrimination against recipients from individuals, entities, or groups. In addition, the OCR conducts limited compliance reviews and audits based on regulatory criteria. Page: 2 of 22 Page 692 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda These reviews and audits permit the OCR to evaluate whether recipients of financial assistance from the Department are providing services in a nondiscriminatory manner to their service population or have employment practices that meet equal-opportunity standards. If you are a recipient of grant awards under the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act or the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act and your agency is part of a criminal justice system, there are two additional obligations that may apply in connection with the awards: (1) complying with the regulation relating to Equal Employment Opportunity Programs (EEOPs); and (2) submitting findings of discrimination to OCR. For additional information regarding the EEOP requirement, see 28 CFR Part 42, subpart E, and for additional information regarding requirements when there is an adverse finding, see 28 C.F.R. §§ 42.204(c), .205(c)(5). The OCR is available to help you and your organization meet the civil rights requirements that are associated with DOJ grant funding. If you would like the OCR to assist you in fulfilling your organization's civil rights or nondiscrimination responsibilities as a recipient of federal financial assistance, please do not hesitate to contact the OCR at askOCR@ojp.usdoj.gov. Memorandum Regarding NEPA NEPA Letter Type OJP - Ongoing NEPA Compliance Incorporated into Further Developmental Stages NEPA Letter The Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program (JAG) allows states and local governments to support a broad range of activities to prevent and control crime and to improve the criminal justice system, some of which could have environmental impacts. All recipients of JAG funding must assist BJA in complying with NEPA and other related federal environmental impact analyses requirements in the use of grant funds, whether the funds are used directly by the grantee or by a subgrantee or third party.? Accordingly,?prior to obligating?funds for any of the specified activities, the grantee must first determine if any of the specified activities will be?funded by the grant. ? The specified activities requiring environmental analysis are: a. New construction; b. Any renovation or remodeling of a property located in an environmentally or historically sensitive area, including properties located within a 100-year flood plain, a wetland, or habitat for endangered species, or a property listed on or eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places; c.? A renovation, lease, or any proposed use of a building or facility that will either (a) result in a change in its basic prior use or (b) significantly change its size; d.? Implementation of a new program involving the use of chemicals other than chemicals that are (a) purchased as an incidental component of a funded activity and (b) traditionally used, for example, in office, household, recreational, or education environments; and e. Implementation of a program relating to clandestine methamphetamine laboratory operations, including the identification, seizure, or closure of clandestine methamphetamine laboratories. Complying with NEPA may require the preparation of an Environmental Assessment and/or an Environmental Impact Statement, as directed by BJA. Further, for programs relating to methamphetamine laboratory operations, the preparation of a detailed Mitigation Plan will be required. For more information about Mitigation Plan requirements, please see https://www.bja.gov/Funding/nepa.html. NEPA Coordinator Page: 3 of 22 Page 693 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda First Name Orbin Middle Name Last Name Terry Award Information This award is offered subject to the conditions or limitations set forth in the Award Information, Project Information, Financial Information, and Award Conditions. Recipient Information Recipient Name CHULA VISTA, CITY OF UEI KVBYLRZMAGJ9 Street 1 276 4TH AVE Street 2 City CHULA VISTA State/U.S. Territory California Zip/Postal Code 91910 Country United States County/Parish Province Award Details Federal Award Date 9/22/23 Award Type Initial Award Number 15PBJA-23-GG-03167-JAGX Supplement Number 00 Federal Award Amount $75,986.00 Funding Instrument Type Grant Assistance Listing Number Assistance Listings Program Title 16.738 Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program Statutory Authority Title I of Public Law 90-351 (generally codified at 34 U.S.C. 10101-10726), including subpart 1 of part E (codified at 34 U.S.C. 10151-10158); see also 28 U.S.C. 530C(a) [ ] I have read and understand the information presented in this section of the Federal Award Instrument . Page: 4 of 22 Page 694 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Project Information This award is offered subject to the conditions or limitations set forth in the Award Information, Project Information, Financial Information, and Award Conditions. Solicitation Title 2023 BJA FY 23 Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant (JAG) Program - Local Solicitation Application Number GRANT13944766 Awarding Agency OJP Program Office BJA Grant Manager Name Fadumo Tahlil Phone Number 202-598-9805 E-mail Address Fadumo.Tahlil@usdoj.gov Project Title POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS Performance Period Start Date 10/01/2022 Performance Period End Date 09/30/2026 Budget Period Start Date 10/01/2022 Budget Period End Date 09/30/2026 Project Description The City of Chula Vista will use JAG funds for personnel costs of a Police Community Relations Specialist to strengthen partnerships between the community and law enforcement. [ ] I have read and understand the information presented in this section of the Federal Award Instrument . Financial Information This award is offered subject to the conditions or limitations set forth in the Award Information, Project Information, Financial Information, and Award Conditions. [ ] I have read and understand the information presented in this section of the Federal Award Instrument . Award Conditions This award is offered subject to the conditions or limitations set forth in the Award Information, Project Page: 5 of 22 Page 695 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Information, Financial Information, and Award Conditions. 1 Compliance with restrictions on the use of federal funds--prohibited and controlled equipment under OJP awards Consistent with Executive Order 14074, “Advancing Effective, Accountable Policing and Criminal Justice Practices To Enhance Public Trust and Public Safety,” OJP has prohibited the use of federal funds under this award for purchases or transfers of specified equipment by law enforcement agencies. In addition, OJP requires the recipient, and any subrecipient (“subgrantee”) at any tier, to put in place specified controls prior to using federal funds under this award to acquire or transfer any property identified on the “controlled equipment” list. The details of the requirement are posted on the OJP web site at https://www.ojp.gov/funding/explore/prohibited-and-controlled-equipment (Award condition: Compliance with restrictions on the use of federal funds--prohibited and controlled equipment under OJP awards), and are incorporated by reference here. 2 Compliance with DOJ regulations pertaining to civil rights and nondiscrimination - 28 C.F.R. Part 54 The recipient, and any subrecipient ("subgrantee") at any tier, must comply with all applicable requirements of 28 C.F.R. Part 54, which relates to nondiscrimination on the basis of sex in certain "education programs." 3 Compliance with 41 U.S.C. 4712 (including prohibitions on reprisal; notice to employees) The recipient (and any subrecipient at any tier) must comply with, and is subject to, all applicable provisions of 41 U.S.C. 4712, including all applicable provisions that prohibit, under specified circumstances, discrimination against an employee as reprisal for the employee's disclosure of information related to gross mismanagement of a federal grant, a gross waste of federal funds, an abuse of authority relating to a federal grant, a substantial and specific danger to public health or safety, or a violation of law, rule, or regulation related to a federal grant. The recipient also must inform its employees, in writing (and in the predominant native language of the workforce), of employee rights and remedies under 41 U.S.C. 4712. Should a question arise as to the applicability of the provisions of 41 U.S.C. 4712 to this award, the recipient is to contact the DOJ awarding agency (OJP or OVW, as appropriate) for guidance. 4 Applicability of Part 200 Uniform Requirements The Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements in 2 C.F.R. Part 200, as adopted and supplemented by DOJ in 2 C.F.R. Part 2800 (together, the "Part 200 Uniform Requirements") apply to this FY 2022 award from OJP. The Part 200 Uniform Requirements were first adopted by DOJ on December 26, 2014. If this FY 2022 award supplements funds previously awarded by OJP under the same award number (e.g., funds awarded during or before December 2014), the Part 200 Uniform Requirements apply with respect to all funds under that award number (regardless of the award date, and regardless of whether derived from the initial award or a supplemental award) that are obligated on or after the acceptance date of this FY 2022 award. For more information and resources on the Part 200 Uniform Requirements as they relate to OJP awards and subawards ("subgrants"), see the OJP website at https://ojp.gov/funding/Part200UniformRequirements.htm. Record retention and access: Records pertinent to the award that the recipient (and any subrecipient ("subgrantee") at any tier) must retain -- typically for a period of 3 years from the date of submission of the final expenditure report (SF 425), unless a different retention period applies -- and to which the recipient (and any subrecipient ("subgrantee") at any tier) must provide access, include performance measurement information, in addition to the financial records, supporting documents, statistical records, and other pertinent records indicated at 2 C.F.R. 200.334. Page: 6 of 22 Page 696 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda In the event that an award-related question arises from documents or other materials prepared or distributed by OJP that may appear to conflict with, or differ in some way from, the provisions of the Part 200 Uniform Requirements, the recipient is to contact OJP promptly for clarification. 5 Compliance with applicable rules regarding approval, planning, and reporting of conferences, meetings, trainings, and other events The recipient, and any subrecipient ("subgrantee") at any tier, must comply with all applicable laws, regulations, policies, and official DOJ guidance (including specific cost limits, prior approval and reporting requirements, where applicable) governing the use of federal funds for expenses related to conferences (as that term is defined by DOJ), including the provision of food and/or beverages at such conferences, and costs of attendance at such conferences. Information on the pertinent DOJ definition of conferences and the rules applicable to this award appears in the DOJ Grants Financial Guide (currently, as section 3.10 of "Postaward Requirements" in the "DOJ Grants Financial Guide"). 6 Requirement for data on performance and effectiveness under the award The recipient must collect and maintain data that measure the performance and effectiveness of work under this award. The data must be provided to OJP in the manner (including within the timeframes) specified by OJP in the program solicitation or other applicable written guidance. Data collection supports compliance with the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) and the GPRA Modernization Act of 2010, and other applicable laws. 7 Compliance with DOJ Grants Financial Guide References to the DOJ Grants Financial Guide are to the DOJ Grants Financial Guide as posted on the OJP website (currently, the "DOJ Grants Financial Guide" available at https://ojp.gov/financialguide/DOJ/index.htm), including any updated version that may be posted during the period of performance. The recipient agrees to comply with the DOJ Grants Financial Guide. 8 Compliance with general appropriations-law restrictions on the use of federal funds (FY 2022) The recipient, and any subrecipient ("subgrantee") at any tier, must comply with all applicable restrictions on the use of federal funds set out in federal appropriations statutes. Pertinent restrictions, including from various "general provisions" in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022, are set out at https://www.ojp.gov/funding/Explore/ FY22AppropriationsRestrictions.htm, and are incorporated by reference here. Should a question arise as to whether a particular use of federal funds by a recipient (or a subrecipient) would or might fall within the scope of an appropriations-law restriction, the recipient is to contact OJP for guidance, and may not proceed without the express prior written approval of OJP. 9 Compliance with DOJ regulations pertaining to civil rights and nondiscrimination - 28 C.F.R. Part 38 The recipient, and any subrecipient ("subgrantee") at any tier, must comply with all applicable requirements of 28 C.F.R. Part 38 (as may be applicable from time to time), specifically including any applicable requirements regarding written notice to program beneficiaries and prospective program beneficiaries. Currently, among other things, 28 C.F.R. Part 38 includes rules that prohibit specific forms of discrimination on the basis of religion, a religious belief, a refusal to hold a religious belief, or refusal to attend or participate in a religious practice. Part 38, currently, also sets out rules and requirements that pertain to recipient and subrecipient ("subgrantee") organizations that engage in or conduct explicitly religious activities, as well as rules and requirements that pertain to recipients and subrecipients that are faith-based or religious organizations. Page: 7 of 22 Page 697 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda The text of 28 C.F.R. Part 38 is available via the Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (currently accessible at https:/ /www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/ECFR?page=browse), by browsing to Title 28-Judicial Administration, Chapter 1, Part 38, under e-CFR "current" data. 10 Effect of failure to address audit issues The recipient understands and agrees that the DOJ awarding agency (OJP or OVW, as appropriate) may withhold award funds, or may impose other related requirements, if (as determined by the DOJ awarding agency) the recipient does not satisfactorily and promptly address outstanding issues from audits required by the Part 200 Uniform Requirements (or by the terms of this award), or other outstanding issues that arise in connection with audits, investigations, or reviews of DOJ awards. 11 Requirements of the award; remedies for non-compliance or for materially false statements The conditions of this award are material requirements of the award. Compliance with any assurances or certifications submitted by or on behalf of the recipient that relate to conduct during the period of performance also is a material requirement of this award. Limited Exceptions. In certain special circumstances, the U.S. Department of Justice ("DOJ") may determine that it will not enforce, or enforce only in part, one or more requirements otherwise applicable to the award. Any such exceptions regarding enforcement, including any such exceptions made during the period of performance, are (or will be during the period of performance) set out through the Office of Justice Programs ("OJP") webpage entitled "Legal Notices: Special circumstances as to particular award conditions" (ojp.gov/funding/Explore/LegalNotices-AwardReqts.htm), and incorporated by reference into the award. By signing and accepting this award on behalf of the recipient, the authorized recipient official accepts all material requirements of the award, and specifically adopts, as if personally executed by the authorized recipient official, all assurances or certifications submitted by or on behalf of the recipient that relate to conduct during the period of performance. Failure to comply with one or more award requirements -- whether a condition set out in full below, a condition incorporated by reference below, or an assurance or certification related to conduct during the award period -- may result in OJP taking appropriate action with respect to the recipient and the award. Among other things, the OJP may withhold award funds, disallow costs, or suspend or terminate the award. DOJ, including OJP, also may take other legal action as appropriate. Any materially false, fictitious, or fraudulent statement to the federal government related to this award (or concealment or omission of a material fact) may be the subject of criminal prosecution (including under 18 U.S.C. 1001 and/or 1621, and/or 34 U.S.C. 10271-10273), and also may lead to imposition of civil penalties and administrative remedies for false claims or otherwise (including under 31 U.S.C. 3729-3730 and 3801-3812). Should any provision of a requirement of this award be held to be invalid or unenforceable by its terms, that provision shall first be applied with a limited construction so as to give it the maximum effect permitted by law. Should it be held, instead, that the provision is utterly invalid or -unenforceable, such provision shall be deemed severable from this award. 12 Compliance with DOJ regulations pertaining to civil rights and nondiscrimination - 28 C.F.R. Part 42 The recipient, and any subrecipient ("subgrantee") at any tier, must comply with all applicable requirements of 28 C.F.R. Part 42, specifically including any applicable requirements in Subpart E of 28 C.F.R. Part 42 that relate to an equal employment opportunity program. 13 Page: 8 of 22 Page 698 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Requirements related to "de minimis" indirect cost rate A recipient that is eligible under the Part 200 Uniform Requirements and other applicable law to use the "de minimis" indirect cost rate described in 2 C.F.R. 200.414(f), and that elects to use the "de minimis" indirect cost rate, must advise OJP in writing of both its eligibility and its election, and must comply with all associated requirements in the Part 200 Uniform Requirements. The "de minimis" rate may be applied only to modified total direct costs (MTDC) as defined by the Part 200 Uniform Requirements. 14 Employment eligibility verification for hiring under the award 1. The recipient (and any subrecipient at any tier) must-- A. Ensure that, as part of the hiring process for any position within the United States that is or will be funded (in whole or in part) with award funds, the recipient (or any subrecipient) properly verifies the employment eligibility of the individual who is being hired, consistent with the provisions of 8 U.S.C. 1324a(a)(1). B. Notify all persons associated with the recipient (or any subrecipient) who are or will be involved in activities under this award of both-- (1) this award requirement for verification of employment eligibility, and (2) the associated provisions in 8 U.S.C. 1324a(a)(1) that, generally speaking, make it unlawful, in the United States, to hire (or recruit for employment) certain aliens. C. Provide training (to the extent necessary) to those persons required by this condition to be notified of the award requirement for employment eligibility verification and of the associated provisions of 8 U.S.C. 1324a(a)(1). D. As part of the recordkeeping for the award (including pursuant to the Part 200 Uniform Requirements), maintain records of all employment eligibility verifications pertinent to compliance with this award condition in accordance with Form I-9 record retention requirements, as well as records of all pertinent notifications and trainings. 2. Monitoring The recipient's monitoring responsibilities include monitoring of subrecipient compliance with this condition. 3. Allowable costs To the extent that such costs are not reimbursed under any other federal program, award funds may be obligated for the reasonable, necessary, and allocable costs (if any) of actions designed to ensure compliance with this condition. 4. Rules of construction A. Staff involved in the hiring process For purposes of this condition, persons "who are or will be involved in activities under this award" specifically includes (without limitation) any and all recipient (or any subrecipient) officials or other staff who are or will be involved in the hiring process with respect to a position that is or will be funded (in whole or in part) with award funds. B. Employment eligibility confirmation with E-Verify For purposes of satisfying the requirement of this condition regarding verification of employment eligibility, the recipient (or any subrecipient) may choose to participate in, and use, E-Verify (www.e-verify.gov), provided an appropriate person authorized to act on behalf of the recipient (or subrecipient) uses E-Verify (and follows the proper E-Verify procedures, including in the event of a "Tentative Nonconfirmation" or a "Final Nonconfirmation") to confirm employment eligibility for each hiring for a position in the United States that is or will be funded (in whole or in part) with award funds. C. "United States" specifically includes the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands of the United Page: 9 of 22 Page 699 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda States, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. D. Nothing in this condition shall be understood to authorize or require any recipient, any subrecipient at any tier, or any person or other entity, to violate any federal law, including any applicable civil rights or nondiscrimination law. E. Nothing in this condition, including in paragraph 4.B., shall be understood to relieve any recipient, any subrecipient at any tier, or any person or other entity, of any obligation otherwise imposed by law, including 8 U.S.C. 1324a(a)(1). Questions about E-Verify should be directed to DHS. For more information about E-Verify visit the E-Verify website (https://www.e-verify.gov/) or email E-Verify at E-Verify@dhs.gov. E-Verify employer agents can email E-Verify at E- VerifyEmployerAgent@dhs.gov. Questions about the meaning or scope of this condition should be directed to OJP, before award acceptance. 15 OJP Training Guiding Principles Any training or training materials that the recipient -- or any subrecipient ("subgrantee") at any tier -- develops or delivers with OJP award funds must adhere to the OJP Training Guiding Principles for Grantees and Subgrantees, available at https://www.ojp.gov/funding/implement/training-guiding-principles-grantees-and-subgrantees. 16 Determination of suitability to interact with participating minors SCOPE. This condition applies to this award if it is indicated -- in the application for the award (as approved by DOJ)(or in the application for any subaward, at any tier), the DOJ funding announcement (solicitation), or an associated federal statute -- that a purpose of some or all of the activities to be carried out under the award (whether by the recipient, or a subrecipient at any tier) is to benefit a set of individuals under 18 years of age. The recipient, and any subrecipient at any tier, must make determinations of suitability before certain individuals may interact with participating minors. This requirement applies regardless of an individual's employment status. The details of this requirement are posted on the OJP web site at https://ojp.gov/funding/Explore/Interact-Minors.htm (Award condition: Determination of suitability required, in advance, for certain individuals who may interact with participating minors), and are incorporated by reference here. 17 Potential imposition of additional requirements The recipient agrees to comply with any additional requirements that may be imposed by the DOJ awarding agency (OJP or OVW, as appropriate) during the period of performance for this award, if the recipient is designated as "high- risk" for purposes of the DOJ high-risk grantee list. 18 Required training for Grant Award Administrator and Financial Manager The Grant Award Administrator and all Financial Managers for this award must have successfully completed an "OJP financial management and grant administration training" by 120 days after the date of the recipient's acceptance of the award. Successful completion of such a training on or after October 15, 2020, will satisfy this condition. In the event that either the Grant Award Administrator or a Financial Manager for this award changes during the period of performance, the new Grant Award Administrator or Financial Manager must have successfully completed an "OJP financial management and grant administration training" by 120 calendar days after the date the Entity Administrator enters updated Grant Award Administrator or Financial Manager information in JustGrants. Successful completion of such a training on or after October 15, 2020, will satisfy this condition. A list of OJP trainings that OJP will consider "OJP financial management and grant administration training" for Page: 10 of 22 Page 700 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda purposes of this condition is available at https://onlinegfmt.training.ojp.gov/. All trainings that satisfy this condition include a session on grant fraud prevention and detection. The recipient should anticipate that OJP will immediately withhold ("freeze") award funds if the recipient fails to comply with this condition. The recipient's failure to comply also may lead OJP to impose additional appropriate conditions on this award. 19 Restrictions and certifications regarding non-disclosure agreements and related matters No recipient or subrecipient ("subgrantee") under this award, or entity that receives a procurement contract or subcontract with any funds under this award, may require any employee or contractor to sign an internal confidentiality agreement or statement that prohibits or otherwise restricts, or purports to prohibit or restrict, the reporting (in accordance with law) of waste, fraud, or abuse to an investigative or law enforcement representative of a federal department or agency authorized to receive such information. The foregoing is not intended, and shall not be understood by the agency making this award, to contravene requirements applicable to Standard Form 312 (which relates to classified information), Form 4414 (which relates to sensitive compartmented information), or any other form issued by a federal department or agency governing the nondisclosure of classified information. 1. In accepting this award, the recipient-- a. represents that it neither requires nor has required internal confidentiality agreements or statements from employees or contractors that currently prohibit or otherwise currently restrict (or purport to prohibit or restrict) employees or contractors from reporting waste, fraud, or abuse as described above; and b. certifies that, if it learns or is notified that it is or has been requiring its employees or contractors to execute agreements or statements that prohibit or otherwise restrict (or purport to prohibit or restrict), reporting of waste, fraud, or abuse as described above, it will immediately stop any further obligations of award funds, will provide prompt written notification to the federal agency making this award, and will resume (or permit resumption of) such obligations only if expressly authorized to do so by that agency. 2. If the recipient does or is authorized under this award to make subawards ("subgrants"), procurement contracts, or both-- a. it represents that-- (1) it has determined that no other entity that the recipient's application proposes may or will receive award funds (whether through a subaward ("subgrant"), procurement contract, or subcontract under a procurement contract) either requires or has required internal confidentiality agreements or statements from employees or contractors that currently prohibit or otherwise currently restrict (or purport to prohibit or restrict) employees or contractors from reporting waste, fraud, or abuse as described above; and (2) it has made appropriate inquiry, or otherwise has an adequate factual basis, to support this representation; and b. it certifies that, if it learns or is notified that any subrecipient, contractor, or subcontractor entity that receives funds under this award is or has been requiring its employees or contractors to execute agreements or statements that prohibit or otherwise restrict (or purport to prohibit or restrict), reporting of waste, fraud, or abuse as described above, it will immediately stop any further obligations of award funds to or by that entity, will provide prompt written notification to the federal agency making this award, and will resume (or permit resumption of) such obligations only if expressly authorized to do so by that agency. 20 Reclassification of various statutory provisions to a new Title 34 of the United States Code On September 1, 2017, various statutory provisions previously codified elsewhere in the U.S. Code were editorially reclassified (that is, moved and renumbered) to a new Title 34, entitled "Crime Control and Law Enforcement." The Page: 11 of 22 Page 701 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda reclassification encompassed a number of statutory provisions pertinent to OJP awards (that is, OJP grants and cooperative agreements), including many provisions previously codified in Title 42 of the U.S. Code. Effective as of September 1, 2017, any reference in this award document to a statutory provision that has been reclassified to the new Title 34 of the U.S. Code is to be read as a reference to that statutory provision as reclassified to Title 34. This rule of construction specifically includes references set out in award conditions, references set out in material incorporated by reference through award conditions, and references set out in other award requirements. 21 Requirement to report actual or imminent breach of personally identifiable information (PII) The recipient (and any "subrecipient" at any tier) must have written procedures in place to respond in the event of an actual or imminent "breach" (OMB M-17-12) if it (or a subrecipient) -- (1) creates, collects, uses, processes, stores, maintains, disseminates, discloses, or disposes of "Personally Identifiable Information (PII)" (2 CFR 200.1) within the scope of an OJP grant-funded program or activity, or (2) uses or operates a "Federal information system" (OMB Circular A-130). The recipient's breach procedures must include a requirement to report actual or imminent breach of PII to an OJP Program Manager no later than 24 hours after an occurrence of an actual breach, or the detection of an imminent breach. 22 Requirement to disclose whether recipient is designated "high risk" by a federal grant-making agency outside of DOJ If the recipient is designated "high risk" by a federal grant-making agency outside of DOJ, currently or at any time during the course of the period of performance under this award, the recipient must disclose that fact and certain related information to OJP by email at OJP.ComplianceReporting@ojp.usdoj.gov. For purposes of this disclosure, high risk includes any status under which a federal awarding agency provides additional oversight due to the recipient's past performance, or other programmatic or financial concerns with the recipient. The recipient's disclosure must include the following: 1. The federal awarding agency that currently designates the recipient high risk, 2. The date the recipient was designated high risk, 3. The high-risk point of contact at that federal awarding agency (name, phone number, and email address), and 4. The reasons for the high-risk status, as set out by the federal awarding agency. 23 Encouragement of policies to ban text messaging while driving Pursuant to Executive Order 13513, "Federal Leadership on Reducing Text Messaging While Driving," 74 Fed. Reg. 51225 (October 1, 2009), DOJ encourages recipients and subrecipients ("subgrantees") to adopt and enforce policies banning employees from text messaging while driving any vehicle during the course of performing work funded by this award, and to establish workplace safety policies and conduct education, awareness, and other outreach to decrease crashes caused by distracted drivers. 24 All subawards ("subgrants") must have specific federal authorization The recipient, and any subrecipient ("subgrantee") at any tier, must comply with all applicable requirements for authorization of any subaward. This condition applies to agreements that -- for purposes of federal grants administrative requirements -- OJP considers a "subaward" (and therefore does not consider a procurement "contract"). The details of the requirement for authorization of any subaward are posted on the OJP web site at https://ojp.gov/ funding/Explore/SubawardAuthorization.htm (Award condition: All subawards ("subgrants") must have specific federal authorization), and are incorporated by reference here. 25 Specific post-award approval required to use a noncompetitive approach in any procurement contract that would exceed $250,000 Page: 12 of 22 Page 702 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda The recipient, and any subrecipient ("subgrantee") at any tier, must comply with all applicable requirements to obtain specific advance approval to use a noncompetitive approach in any procurement contract that would exceed the Simplified Acquisition Threshold (currently, $250,000). This condition applies to agreements that -- for purposes of federal grants administrative requirements -- OJP considers a procurement "contract" (and therefore does not consider a subaward). The details of the requirement for advance approval to use a noncompetitive approach in a procurement contract under an OJP award are posted on the OJP web site at https://ojp.gov/funding/Explore/NoncompetitiveProcurement.htm (Award condition: Specific post-award approval required to use a noncompetitive approach in a procurement contract (if contract would exceed $250,000)), and are incorporated by reference here. 26 Requirements pertaining to prohibited conduct related to trafficking in persons (including reporting requirements and OJP authority to terminate award) The recipient, and any subrecipient ("subgrantee") at any tier, must comply with all applicable requirements (including requirements to report allegations) pertaining to prohibited conduct related to the trafficking of persons, whether on the part of recipients, subrecipients ("subgrantees"), or individuals defined (for purposes of this condition) as "employees" of the recipient or of any subrecipient. The details of the recipient's obligations related to prohibited conduct related to trafficking in persons are posted on the OJP web site at https://ojp.gov/funding/Explore/ProhibitedConduct-Trafficking.htm (Award condition: Prohibited conduct by recipients and subrecipients related to trafficking in persons (including reporting requirements and OJP authority to terminate award)), and are incorporated by reference here. 27 Requirement to report potentially duplicative funding If the recipient currently has other active awards of federal funds, or if the recipient receives any other award of federal funds during the period of performance for this award, the recipient promptly must determine whether funds from any of those other federal awards have been, are being, or are to be used (in whole or in part) for one or more of the identical cost items for which funds are provided under this award. If so, the recipient must promptly notify the DOJ awarding agency (OJP or OVW, as appropriate) in writing of the potential duplication, and, if so requested by the DOJ awarding agency, must seek a budget-modification or change-of-project-scope Grant Award Modification (GAM) to eliminate any inappropriate duplication of funding. 28 Reporting potential fraud, waste, and abuse, and similar misconduct The recipient, and any subrecipients ("subgrantees") at any tier, must promptly refer to the DOJ Office of the Inspector General (OIG) any credible evidence that a principal, employee, agent, subrecipient, contractor, subcontractor, or other person has, in connection with funds under this award-- (1) submitted a claim that violates the False Claims Act; or (2) committed a criminal or civil violation of laws pertaining to fraud, conflict of interest, bribery, gratuity, or similar misconduct. Potential fraud, waste, abuse, or misconduct involving or relating to funds under this award should be reported to the OIG by--(1) online submission accessible via the OIG webpage at https://oig.justice.gov/hotline/contact-grants.htm (select "Submit Report Online"); (2) mail directed to: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of the Inspector General, Investigations Division, ATTN: Grantee Reporting, 950 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20530; and/or (3) by facsimile directed to the DOJ OIG Investigations Division (Attn: Grantee Reporting) at (202) 616-9881 (fax). Additional information is available from the DOJ OIG website at https://oig.justice.gov/hotline. 29 Requirements related to System for Award Management and Universal Identifier Requirements The recipient must comply with applicable requirements regarding the System for Award Management (SAM), currently Page: 13 of 22 Page 703 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda accessible at https://www.sam.gov/. This includes applicable requirements regarding registration with SAM, as well as maintaining the currency of information in SAM. The recipient also must comply with applicable restrictions on subawards ("subgrants") to first-tier subrecipients (first- tier "subgrantees"), including restrictions on subawards to entities that do not acquire and provide (to the recipient) the unique entity identifier required for SAM registration. The details of the recipient's obligations related to SAM and to unique entity identifiers are posted on the OJP web site at https://ojp.gov/funding/Explore/SAM.htm (Award condition: System for Award Management (SAM) and Universal Identifier Requirements), and are incorporated by reference here. This condition does not apply to an award to an individual who received the award as a natural person (i.e., unrelated to any business or non-profit organization that he or she may own or operate in his or her name). 30 Restrictions on "lobbying" In general, as a matter of federal law, federal funds awarded by OJP may not be used by the recipient, or any subrecipient ("subgrantee") at any tier, either directly or indirectly, to support or oppose the enactment, repeal, modification, or adoption of any law, regulation, or policy, at any level of government. See 18 U.S.C. 1913. (There may be exceptions if an applicable federal statute specifically authorizes certain activities that otherwise would be barred by law.) Another federal law generally prohibits federal funds awarded by OJP from being used by the recipient, or any subrecipient at any tier, to pay any person to influence (or attempt to influence) a federal agency, a Member of Congress, or Congress (or an official or employee of any of them) with respect to the awarding of a federal grant or cooperative agreement, subgrant, contract, subcontract, or loan, or with respect to actions such as renewing, extending, or modifying any such award. See 31 U.S.C. 1352. Certain exceptions to this law apply, including an exception that applies to Indian tribes and tribal organizations. Should any question arise as to whether a particular use of federal funds by a recipient (or subrecipient) would or might fall within the scope of these prohibitions, the recipient is to contact OJP for guidance, and may not proceed without the express prior written approval of OJP. 31 Justice Information Sharing Information sharing projects funded under this award must comply with DOJ's Global Justice Information Sharing Initiative (Global) guidelines. The recipient (and any subrecipient at any tier) must conform to the Global Standards Package (GSP) and all constituent elements, where applicable, as described at: https:/ / it.ojp.gov/ gsp_grantcondition. The recipient (and any subrecipient at any tier) must document planned approaches to information sharing and describe compliance with the GSP and appropriate privacy policy that protects shared information, or provide detailed justification for why an alternative approach is recommended. 32 Avoidance of duplication of networks To avoid duplicating existing networks or IT systems in any initiatives funded by BJA for law enforcement information sharing systems which involve interstate connectivity between jurisdictions, such systems shall employ, to the extent possible, existing networks as the communication backbone to achieve interstate connectivity, unless the recipient can demonstrate to the satisfaction of BJA that this requirement would not be cost effective or would impair the functionality of an existing or proposed IT system. 33 Law enforcement task forces - required training Within 120 days of award acceptance, each current member of a law enforcement task force funded with award funds Page: 14 of 22 Page 704 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda who is a task force commander, agency executive, task force officer, or other task force member of equivalent rank, must complete required online (internet-based) task force training. Additionally, all future task force members must complete this training once during the period of performance for this award, or once every four years if multiple OJP awards include this requirement. The required training is available free of charge online through the BJA-funded Center for Task Force Integrity and Leadership (www.ctfli.org). The training addresses task force effectiveness, as well as other key issues including privacy and civil liberties/rights, task force performance measurement, personnel selection, and task force oversight and accountability. If award funds are used to support a task force, the recipient must compile and maintain a task force personnel roster, along with course completion certificates. Additional information regarding the training is available through BJA's web site and the Center for Task Force Integrity and Leadership (www.ctfli.org). 34 Required monitoring of subawards The recipient must monitor subawards under this award in accordance with all applicable statutes, regulations, award conditions, and the DOJ Grants Financial Guide, and must include the applicable conditions of this award in any subaward. Among other things, the recipient is responsible for oversight of subrecipient spending and monitoring of specific outcomes and benefits attributable to use of award funds by subrecipients. The recipient agrees to submit, upon request, documentation of its policies and procedures for monitoring of subawards under this award. 35 Any written, visual, or audio publications funded in whole or in part under this award, with the exception of press releases, shall contain the following statements: "This project was supported by Grant No. <AWARD_NUMBER> awarded by the Bureau of Justice Assistance. The Bureau of Justice Assistance is a component of the Department of Justice's Office of Justice Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Institute of Justice, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the Office for Victims of Crime, and the SMART Office. Points of view or opinions in this document are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice." The current edition of the DOJ Grants Financial Guide provides guidance on allowable printing and publication activities. 36 Any Web site that is funded in whole or in part under this award must include the following statement on the home page, on all major entry pages (i.e., pages (exclusive of documents) whose primary purpose is to navigate the user to interior content), and on any pages from which a visitor may access or use a Web-based service, including any pages that provide results or outputs from the service: "This Web site is funded in whole or in part through a grant from the Bureau of Justice Assistance, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Neither the U.S. Department of Justice nor any of its components operate, control, are responsible for, or necessarily endorse, this Web site (including, without limitation, its content, technical infrastructure, and policies, and any services or tools provided)." The full text of the foregoing statement must be clearly visible on the home page. On other pages, the statement may be included through a link, entitled "Notice of Federal Funding and Federal Disclaimer," to the full text of the statement. 37 Verification and updating of recipient contact information The recipient must verify its Grant Award Administrator, Financial Manager, and Authorized Representative contact information in JustGrants, including telephone number and e-mail address. If any information is incorrect or has changed, the award recipient’s Entity Administrator must make changes to contact information through DIAMD. Instructions on how to update contact information in JustGrants can be found at https://justicegrants.usdoj.gov/training/ training-entity-management. 38 Compliance with National Environmental Policy Act and related statutes Page: 15 of 22 Page 705 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Upon request, the recipient (and any subrecipient at any tier) must assist BJA in complying with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), the National Historic Preservation Act, and other related federal environmental impact analyses requirements in the use of these award funds, either directly by the recipient or by a subrecipient. Accordingly, the recipient agrees to first determine if any of the following activities will be funded by the grant, prior to obligating funds for any of these purposes. If it is determined that any of the following activities will be funded by the award, the recipient agrees to contact BJA. The recipient understands that this condition applies to new activities as set out below, whether or not they are being specifically funded with these award funds. That is, as long as the activity is being conducted by the recipient, a subrecipient, or any third party, and the activity needs to be undertaken in order to use these award funds, this condition must first be met. The activities covered by this condition are: a. New construction; b. Minor renovation or remodeling of a property located in an environmentally or historically sensitive area, including properties located within a 100-year flood plain, a wetland, or habitat for endangered species, or a property listed on or eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places; c. A renovation, lease, or any proposed use of a building or facility that will either (a) result in a change in its basic prior use or (b) significantly change its size; d. Implementation of a new program involving the use of chemicals other than chemicals that are (a) purchased as an incidental component of a funded activity and (b) traditionally used, for example, in office, household, recreational, or education environments; and e. Implementation of a program relating to clandestine methamphetamine laboratory operations, including the identification, seizure, or closure of clandestine methamphetamine laboratories. The recipient understands and agrees that complying with NEPA may require the preparation of an Environmental Assessment and/or an Environmental Impact Statement, as directed by BJA. The recipient further understands and agrees to the requirements for implementation of a Mitigation Plan, as detailed at https://bja.gov/Funding/nepa.html, for programs relating to methamphetamine laboratory operations. Application of This Condition to Recipient's Existing Programs or Activities: For any of the recipient's or its subrecipients' existing programs or activities that will be funded by these award funds, the recipient, upon specific request from BJA, agrees to cooperate with BJA in any preparation by BJA of a national or program environmental assessment of that funded program or activity. 39 Recipients utilizing award funds for forensic genealogy testing must adhere to the United States Department of Justice Interim Policy Forensic Genealogical DNA Analysis and Searching (https://www.justice.gov/olp/page/file/1204386/ download), and must collect and report the metrics identified in Section IX of that document to BJA. 40 Establishment of trust fund If award funds are being drawn down in advance, the recipient (or a subrecipient, with respect to a subaward) is required to establish a trust fund account. Recipients (and subrecipients) must maintain advance payments of federal awards in interest-bearing accounts, unless regulatory exclusions apply (2 C.F.R. 200.305(b)(8)). The trust fund, including any interest, may not be used to pay debts or expenses incurred by other activities beyond the scope of the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program (JAG). The recipient also agrees to obligate the award funds in the trust fund (including any interest earned) during the period of performance for the award and expend within 90 days thereafter. Any unobligated or unexpended funds, including interest earned, must be returned to OJP at the time of closeout. 41 All State and Local JAG recipients must submit quarterly Federal Financial Reports (SF-425). Additionally, State JAG Page: 16 of 22 Page 706 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda and Local JAG Category Two ($25K or more) must submit semi-annual performance reports through JustGrants and Local JAG Category One (Less than $25K) must submit annual performance reports through JustGrants. Consistent with the Department's responsibilities under the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) and the GPRA Modernization Act of 2010, the recipient must provide data that measure the results of its work. The recipient must submit quarterly performance metrics reports through BJA's Performance Measurement Tool (PMT) website: https:// bjapmt.ojp.gov/. For more detailed information on reporting and other JAG requirements, refer to the JAG reporting requirements webpage (https://bjapmt.ojp.gov/help/jagdocs.html). Failure to submit required JAG reports by established deadlines may result in the freezing of grant funds and future High Risk designation. 42 Required data on law enforcement agency training Any law enforcement agency receiving direct or sub-awarded funding from this JAG award must submit quarterly accountability metrics data related to training that officers have received on the use of force, racial and ethnic bias, de- escalation of conflict, and constructive engagement with the public. 43 Authorization to obligate (federal) award funds to reimburse certain project costs incurred on or after October 1, 2022 The recipient may obligate (federal) award funds only after the recipient makes a valid acceptance of the award. As of the first day of the period of performance for the award (October 1, 2022), however, the recipient may choose to incur project costs using non-federal funds, but any such project costs are incurred at the recipient's risk until, at a minimum- - (1) the recipient makes a valid acceptance of the award, and (2) all applicable withholding conditions are removed by OJP (via an Award Condition Modification (ACM)). (A withholding condition is a condition in the award document that precludes the recipient from obligating, expending, or drawing down all or a portion of the award funds until the condition is removed.) Except to the extent (if any) that an award condition expressly precludes reimbursement of project costs incurred "at- risk," if and when the recipient makes a valid acceptance of this award and OJP removes each applicable withholding condition through an Award Condition Modification (ACM), the recipient is authorized to obligate (federal) award funds to reimburse itself for project costs incurred "at-risk" earlier during the period of performance (such as project costs incurred prior to award acceptance or prior to removal of an applicable withholding condition), provided that those project costs otherwise are allowable costs under the award. 44 If award funds are used for DNA testing of evidentiary materials, any resulting eligible DNA profiles must be uploaded to the Combined DNA Index System ("CODIS," the DNA database operated by the FBI) by a government DNA laboratory with access to CODIS. With the exception of Forensic Genetic Genealogy, no profiles generated under this award may be entered or uploaded into any non-governmental DNA database without prior express written approval from BJA. Award funds may not be used for the purchase of DNA equipment and supplies unless the resulting DNA profiles may be accepted for entry into CODIS. Booking agencies should work with their state CODIS agency to ensure all requirements are met for participation in Rapid DNA (see National Rapid DNA Booking Operational Procedures Manual). 45 Submission of eligible records relevant to the National Instant Background Check System Consonant with federal statutes that pertain to firearms and background checks -- including 18 U.S.C. 922 and 34 U.S.C. ch. 409 -- if the recipient (or any subrecipient at any tier) uses this award to fund (in whole or in part) a specific project or program (such as a law enforcement, prosecution, or court program) that results in any court dispositions, information, or other records that are "eligible records" (under federal or State law) relevant to the National Instant Background Check System (NICS), or that has as one of its purposes the establishment or improvement of records systems that contain any court dispositions, information, or other records that are "eligible records" (under federal or State law) relevant to the NICS, the recipient (or subrecipient, if applicable) must ensure that all such court dispositions, information, or other records that are "eligible records" (under federal or State law) relevant to the NICS are promptly made available to the NICS or to the "State" repository/database that is electronically available to (and accessed by) the NICS, and -- when appropriate -- promptly must update, correct, modify, or remove such NICS- Page: 17 of 22 Page 707 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda relevant "eligible records". In the event of minor and transitory non-compliance, the recipient may submit evidence to demonstrate diligent monitoring of compliance with this condition (including subrecipient compliance). DOJ will give great weight to any such evidence in any express written determination regarding this condition. 46 Prohibition on use of award funds for match under BVP program JAG funds may not be used as the 50% match for purposes of the DOJ Bulletproof Vest Partnership (BVP) program. 47 Certification of body armor "mandatory wear" policies, and compliance with NIJ standards If recipient uses funds under this award to purchase body armor, the recipient must submit a signed certification that each law enforcement agency receiving body armor purchased with funds from this award has a written "mandatory wear" policy in effect. The recipient must keep signed certifications on file for any subrecipients planning to utilize funds from this award for ballistic-resistant and stab-resistant body armor purchases. This policy must be in place for at least all uniformed officers before any funds from this award may be used by an agency for body armor. There are no requirements regarding the nature of the policy other than it be a mandatory wear policy for all uniformed officers while on duty. Ballistic-resistant and stab-resistant body armor purchased with award funds may be purchased at any threat level, make or model, from any distributor or manufacturer, as long as the body armor has been tested and found to comply with applicable National Institute of Justice ballistic or stab standards, and is listed on the NIJ Compliant Body Armor Model List. In addition, ballistic-resistant and stab-resistant body armor purchased must be made in the United States and must be uniquely fitted, as set forth in 34 U.S.C. 10202(c)(1)(A). The latest NIJ standard information and the NIJ Compliant Body Armor List may be found by following the links located on the NIJ Body Armor page: https://nij.ojp.gov/ topics/equipment-and-technology/body-armor 48 Extreme risk protection programs funded by JAG must include, at a minimum: pre-deprivation and post-deprivation due process rights that prevent any violation or infringement of the Constitution of the United States, including but not limited to the Bill of Rights, and the substantive or procedural due process rights guaranteed under the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution of the United States, as applied to the States, and as interpreted by State courts and United States courts (including the Supreme Court of the United States). Such programs must include, at the appropriate phase to prevent any violation of constitutional rights, at minimum, notice, the right to an in-person hearing, an unbiased adjudicator, the right to know opposing evidence, the right to present evidence, and the right to confront adverse witnesses; the right to be represented by counsel at no expense to the government; pre-deprivation and post-deprivation heightened evidentiary standards and proof which mean not less than the protections afforded to a similarly situated litigant in Federal court or promulgated by the State's evidentiary body, and sufficient to ensure the full protections of the Constitution of the United States, including but not limited to the Bill of Rights, and the substantive and procedural due process rights guaranteed under the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution of the United States, as applied to the States, and as interpreted by State courts and United States courts (including the Supreme Court of the United States). The heightened evidentiary standards and proof under such programs must, at all appropriate phases to prevent any violation of any constitutional right, at minimum, prevent reliance upon evidence that is unsworn or unaffirmed, irrelevant, based on inadmissible hearsay, unreliable, vague, speculative, and lacking a foundation; and penalties for abuse of the program. 49 Expenditures prohibited without waiver No funds under this award may be expended on the purchase of items prohibited by the JAG program statute, unless, as set forth at 34 U.S.C. 10152, the BJA Director certifies that extraordinary and exigent circumstances exist, making such expenditures essential to the maintenance of public safety and good order. 50 Page: 18 of 22 Page 708 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda FFATA reporting: Subawards and executive compensation The recipient must comply with applicable requirements to report first-tier subawards ("subgrants") of $30,000 or more and, in certain circumstances, to report the names and total compensation of the five most highly compensated executives of the recipient and first-tier subrecipients (first-tier "subgrantees") of award funds. The details of recipient obligations, which derive from the Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act of 2006 (FFATA), are posted on the OJP web site at https://ojp.gov/funding/Explore/FFATA.htm (Award condition: Reporting Subawards and Executive Compensation), and are incorporated by reference here. This condition, including its reporting requirement, does not apply to-- (1) an award of less than $30,000, or (2) an award made to an individual who received the award as a natural person (i.e., unrelated to any business or non-profit organization that he or she may own or operate in his or her name). 51 Exceptions regarding Prohibited and Controlled Equipment under OJP awards Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in the other terms and conditions of this award, including in the condition regarding "Compliance with restrictions on the use of federal funds--prohibited and controlled equipment under OJP awards," the requirements for the “Transfer/Sale of Award-Funded Controlled Equipment to Other LEAs” and the requirements for the “Transfer/Sale of Award-Funded Controlled Equipment to NON-LEAs” do not apply to this award. 52 The recipient agrees that no funds under this grant award (including via subcontract or subaward, at any tier) may be used for unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), which includes unmanned aircraft vehicles (UAV), or for any accompanying accessories to support UAS. 53 Initial period of performance; requests for extension. The recipient understands that for award amounts of less than $25,000 under JAG (Category 1), the initial period of performance of the award is two years. The recipient further understands that any requests for an extension of the period of performance for an award of less than $25,000 will be approved automatically for up to a total of two additional years, pursuant to 34 U.S.C. 10152(f) and in accordance with the program solicitation associated with this award. Any request for an extension of the period of performance beyond a four-year award period will require approval, and the approval (if any) will be at the discretion of the Director of BJA. 54 Applicants must ensure that Limited English Proficiency persons have meaningful access to the services under this program(s). National origin discrimination includes discrimination on the basis of limited English proficiency (LEP). To ensure compliance with Title VI and the Safe Streets Act, recipients are required to take reasonable steps to ensure that LEP persons have meaningful access to their programs. Meaningful access may entail providing language assistance services, including oral and written translation when necessary. The U.S. Department of Justice has issued guidance for grantees to help them comply with Title VI requirements. The guidance document can be accessed on the Internet at www.lep.gov. 55 Cooperating with OJP Monitoring The recipient agrees to cooperate with OJP monitoring of this award pursuant to OJP's guidelines, protocols, and procedures, and to cooperate with OJP (including the grant manager for this award and the Office of Chief Financial Officer (OCFO)) requests related to such monitoring, including requests related to desk reviews and/or site visits. The recipient agrees to provide to OJP all documentation necessary for OJP to complete its monitoring tasks, including documentation related to any subawards made under this award. Further, the recipient agrees to abide by reasonable Page: 19 of 22 Page 709 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda deadlines set by OJP for providing the requested documents. Failure to cooperate with OJP's monitoring activities may result in actions that affect the recipient's DOJ awards, including, but not limited to: withholdings and/or other restrictions on the recipient's access to award funds; referral to the DOJ OIG for audit review; designation of the recipient as a DOJ High Risk grantee; or termination of an award(s). 56 Use of program income Program income (as defined in the Part 200 Uniform Requirements) must be used in accordance with the provisions of the Part 200 Uniform Requirements. Program income earnings and expenditures both must be reported on the quarterly Federal Financial Report, SF 425. 57 Compliance with 28 C.F.R. Part 23 With respect to any information technology system funded or supported by funds under this award, the recipient (and any subrecipient at any tier) must comply with 28 C.F.R. Part 23, Criminal Intelligence Systems Operating Policies, if OJP determines this regulation to be applicable. Should OJP determine 28 C.F.R. Part 23 to be applicable, OJP may, at its discretion, perform audits of the system, as per the regulation. Should any violation of 28 C.F.R. Part 23 occur, the recipient may be fined as per 34 U.S.C. 10231(c)-(d). The recipient may not satisfy such a fine with federal funds. 58 Protection of human research subjects The recipient (and any subrecipient at any tier) must comply with the requirements of 28 C.F.R. Part 46 and all OJP policies and procedures regarding the protection of human research subjects, including obtainment of Institutional Review Board approval, if appropriate, and subject informed consent. 59 Confidentiality of data The recipient (and any subrecipient at any tier) must comply with all confidentiality requirements of 34 U.S.C. 10231 and 28 C.F.R. Part 22 that are applicable to collection, use, and revelation of data or information. The recipient further agrees, as a condition of award approval, to submit a Privacy Certificate that is in accord with requirements of 28 C.F.R. Part 22 and, in particular, 28 C.F.R. 22.23. 60 The recipient agrees to cooperate with any assessments, national evaluation efforts, or information or data collection requests, including, but not limited to, the provision of any information required for the assessment or evaluation of any activities within this project. 61 The recipient understands that, in accepting this award, the Authorized Representative declares and certifies, among other things, that he or she possesses the requisite legal authority to accept the award on behalf of the recipient entity and, in so doing, accepts (or adopts) all material requirements that relate to conduct throughout the period of performance under this award. The recipient further understands, and agrees, that it will not assign anyone to the role of Authorized Representative during the period of performance under the award without first ensuring that the individual has the requisite legal authority. 62 In accepting this award, the recipient agrees that grant funds cannot be used for Facial Recognition Technology (FRT) unless the recipient has policies and procedures in place to ensure that the FRT will be utilized in an appropriate and responsible manner that promotes public safety, and protects privacy, civil rights, and civil liberties and complies with all applicable provisions of the U.S. Constitution, including the Fourth Amendment’s protection against unreasonable searches and seizures and the First Amendment’s freedom of association and speech, as well as other laws and Page: 20 of 22 Page 710 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda regulations. Recipients utilizing funds for FRT must make such policies and procedures available to DOJ upon request. [ ] I have read and understand the information presented in this section of the Federal Award Instrument . Award Acceptance Declaration and Certification to the U.S. Department of Justice as to Acceptance By checking the declaration and certification box below, I-- A. Declare to the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), under penalty of perjury, that I have authority to make this declaration and certification on behalf of the applicant. B. Certify to DOJ, under penalty of perjury, on behalf of myself and the applicant, to the best of my knowledge and belief, that the following are true as of the date of this award acceptance: (1) I have conducted or there was conducted (including by applicant’s legal counsel as appropriate and made available to me) a diligent review of all terms and conditions of, and all supporting materials submitted in connection with, this award, including any assurances and certifications (including anything submitted in connection therewith by a person on behalf of the applicant before, after, or at the time of the application submission and any materials that accompany this acceptance and certification); and (2) I have the legal authority to accept this award on behalf of the applicant. C. Accept this award on behalf of the applicant. D. Declare the following to DOJ, under penalty of perjury, on behalf of myself and the applicant: (1) I understand that, in taking (or not taking) any action pursuant to this declaration and certification, DOJ will rely upon this declaration and certification as a material representation; and (2) I understand that any materially false, fictitious, or fraudulent information or statement in this declaration and certification (or concealment or omission of a material fact as to either) may be the subject of criminal prosecution (including under 18 U.S.C. §§ 1001 and/or 1621, and/or 34 U.S.C. §§ 10271-10273), and also may subject me and the applicant to civil penalties and administrative remedies under the federal False Claims Act (including under 31 U.S.C. §§ 3729-3730 and/or §§ 3801-3812) or otherwise. Agency Approval Title of Approving Official Deputy Assistant Attorney General Name of Approving Official Maureen Henneberg Signed Date And Time 9/19/23 1:36 AM Authorized Representative Entity Acceptance Title of Authorized Entity Official City Manager Signed Date And Time Page: 21 of 22 Page 711 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda Page: 22 of 22 Page 712 of 712 City of Chula Vista City Council October 24, 2023 Post Agenda