HomeMy WebLinkAboutAttachment 8E - Biological Technical ReportDRAFT
Biological Technical Report
Nirvana Project, City of
Chula Vista, San Diego
County, California
JUNE 2023
Prepared for:
VWP -OP NIRVANA OWNER, LLC
2390 E. Camelback Road, Suite 350
Phoenix, Arizona 85016
Prepared by:
605 Third Street
Encinitas, California 92024
Contact: Callie Amoaku
Printed on 30% post-consumer recycled material.
13518 i JUNE 2023
Table of Contents
SECTION PAGE NO.
Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................................. v
1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Purpose of the Report ............................................................................................................................1
1.2 Project Description .................................................................................................................................1
1.3 Site Description ......................................................................................................................................2
2 Regional Resource Planning Context ..................................................................................................................3
2.1 Federal ....................................................................................................................................................3
2.2 State ........................................................................................................................................................4
2.3 Chula Vista Multiple Species Conservation Plan Subarea Plan ..........................................................5
2.3.1 Habitat Loss Incidental Take Ordinance .................................................................................6
2.3.2 Narrow Endemic Species Protection .......................................................................................6
2.4 City of Chula Vista ...................................................................................................................................7
3 Methods and Survey Limitations.........................................................................................................................9
3.1 Literature Review....................................................................................................................................9
3.2 Field Reconnaissance ............................................................................................................................9
3.2.1 Resource Mapping ................................................................................................................. 11
3.2.2 Flora ........................................................................................................................................ 11
3.2.3 Fauna ...................................................................................................................................... 12
3.2.4 Jurisdictional Aquatic Resources .......................................................................................... 12
3.2.5 Sensitive Biological Resources ............................................................................................. 15
3.3 Survey Limitations ............................................................................................................................... 15
4 Results of Surveys ............................................................................................................................................. 17
4.1 Vegetation Communities ..................................................................................................................... 17
4.1.1 Maritime Succulent Scrub ..................................................................................................... 17
4.1.2 Tamarisk scrub ...................................................................................................................... 18
4.1.3 Unvegetated Stream Channel ............................................................................................... 18
4.1.4 Disturbed Habitat................................................................................................................... 19
4.2 Jurisdictional Waters and Wetlands ................................................................................................... 19
4.2.1 Wetlands Discussion ............................................................................................................. 20
4.3 Botany .................................................................................................................................................. 20
4.4 Zoology ................................................................................................................................................. 21
4.4.1 Birds........................................................................................................................................ 21
4.4.2 Reptiles and Amphibians ...................................................................................................... 21
4.4.3 Mammals................................................................................................................................ 21
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4.4.4 Invertebrates .......................................................................................................................... 21
4.5 Sensitive Biological Resources ........................................................................................................... 22
4.5.1 Special-Status Plant Species ................................................................................................ 22
4.5.2 Special-Status Wildlife Species ............................................................................................. 24
4.5.3 Sensitive Vegetation Communities ....................................................................................... 31
4.5.4 Wildlife Corridors and Habitat Linkages ............................................................................... 32
5 Anticipated Project Impacts.............................................................................................................................. 33
5.1 Explanation of Findings of Significance ............................................................................................. 33
5.2 Direct Impacts...................................................................................................................................... 34
5.2.1 Impacts to Vegetation Communities at the Project Site ...................................................... 34
5.2.2 Special-Status Plant Species ................................................................................................ 35
5.2.3 Special-Status Wildlife Species ............................................................................................. 35
5.2.4 Jurisdictional Waters and Wetlands ..................................................................................... 36
5.2.5 Habitat Linkages/Movement Corridors ................................................................................ 37
5.3 Indirect Impacts ................................................................................................................................... 37
5.3.1 Vegetation Communities ....................................................................................................... 37
5.3.2 Special-Status Plant Species ................................................................................................ 38
5.3.3 Special-Status Wildlife Species ............................................................................................. 38
5.3.4 Jurisdictional Resources........................................................................................................ 38
5.3.5 Habitat Linkages/Movement Corridors ................................................................................ 38
5.4 Consistency with Regional Resource Planning .................................................................................. 39
5.4.1 Chula Vista Multiple Species Conservation Program Subarea Plan ........................................ 39
5.4.2 Equivalency Analysis for Narrow Endemic Species ............................................................. 42
5.4.3 Future Facilities Siting Criteria .............................................................................................. 44
5.4.4 Adjacency Management Issues ............................................................................................ 48
5.4.5 Habitat Loss Incidental Take Ordinance .............................................................................. 49
5.4.6 Wetland Protection ................................................................................................................ 49
6 Mitigation ........................................................................................................................................................... 51
6.1 Mitigation Measures............................................................................................................................ 51
7 Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................................... 57
8 References ........................................................................................................................................................ 59
FIGURES
1 Project Location ................................................................................................................................................ 63
2 Multi-Habitat Planning Area (MHPA) ................................................................................................................ 65
3 Biological Resources ......................................................................................................................................... 67
4 Potential Jurisdictional Resources ................................................................................................................... 69
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5 CNDDB Occurrences within 1 Mile................................................................................................................... 71
6 Impacts to Biological Resources ...................................................................................................................... 73
7A Site Plan ............................................................................................................................................................. 75
7B Rip Rap Modification Exhibit ............................................................................................................................ 77
TABLES
1 Schedule of Surveys.......................................................................................................................................... 10
2 Vegetation Communities and Land Cover within the Study Area ................................................................... 17
3 Jurisdictional Wetlands and Waters at the Project Site .................................................................................. 20
4 Special Status Plant Species Observed On Site .............................................................................................. 23
5 Special Status Wildlife Species Observed On Site or With Moderate to High Potential to
Occur On Site ..................................................................................................................................................... 25
6 Impacts and Mitigation Requirements for Upland Vegetation Communities and Land Cover ..................... 34
7 Impacts to City Wetlands and Jurisdictional Wetlands and Waters at the Project Site ................................ 36
8 Conditions of Coverage under City of Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan ........................................................ 39
9 Impacts to Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Associated with Future Facilities .............................. 46
10 Jurisdictional Wetlands and Waters at the Project Site Associated with Future Facilities ........................... 47
11 Summary Facilities Siting Criteria Detention Basin and Associated Facilities .............................................. 47
12 Adjacency Management Issues (Section 7.5.2) .............................................................................................. 48
13 Mitigation for Significant Impacts to Sensitive Vegetation Communities and Wetlands.............................. 51
APPENDICES
A Plant Compendium
B Wildlife Compendium
C Jurisdictional Delineation Forms
D Special-Status Plant Species with Low to No Potential to Occur in the Study area
E Special-Status Wildlife Species with Low to No Potential to Occur in the Study area
F Habitat Loss and Incidental Take Ordinance Findings
G Merkel & Associates Biological Impact Analysis Report for the Chula Vista Street Western Parcel Project
H California Gnatcatcher Protocol Survey Reports
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Acronyms and Abbreviations
Acronym/Abbreviation Definition
amsl above mean sea level
APN Assessor parcel numbers
BMP Best Management Practice
CDFW California Department of Fish and Wildlife
CEQA California Environmental Quality Act
CESA California Environmental Quality Act
CNDDB California Natural Diversity Database
CNPS California Native Plant Society
CRPR California Rare Plant Rank
CVMC Chula Vista Municipal Code
FESA Federal Endangered Species Act
GDP General Development Plan
HLIT Habitat Loss and Incidental Take (Ordinance)
MBTA Migratory Bird Treaty Act
MM Mitigation measure
MSCP Multiple Species Conservation Program
OHWM ordinary high water mark
RWQCB Regional Water Quality Control Board
SSC Species of Special Concern
USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture
USFWS U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
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1 Introduction
1.1 Purpose of the Report
The purpose of this biological resources report is to provide the following items:
1. Describe the existing conditions of biological resources within the Nirvana project site (project or proposed
project) in terms of vegetation, jurisdictional aquatic resources, flora, wildlife, and wildlife habitats.
2. Discuss potential impacts to biological resources that would result from development of the property .
3. Describe those impacts in terms of biological significance in view of federal, state, and local laws and policies.
4. Recommend mitigation measures for potential impacts to sensitive biological resources, if necessary.
5. Provide documentation for permitting agencies (i.e., U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), California
Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW), Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB))
6. Provide the finding for the City’s Habitat Loss Incidental Take (HLIT) process.
Recommendations will follow federal, state, and local rules and regulations, including the California Environmental Quality
Act (CEQA), and the Chula Vista Multiple Species Conservation Plan (MSCP) Subarea Plan (City of Chula Vista 2003).
1.2 Project Description
The Nirvana Business Park (proposed project) would develop three parcels that occur in a Development Area as
described by the Chula Vista MSCP. The project is the development of three vacant parcels, Parcels 1 and 2 of
Parcel Map 21587 (APNs 644-050-13 and 644-050-14, respectively) and a portion of Lot 2, Section 20, Township
18 South, Range 1 West, San Bernardino Meridian (APN 644 -050-08). A proposed lot line adjustment (LLA21-0007)
will adjust the common property line between Parcel 2 and a portion of Lot 2. Once the lot line adjustment is
complete, the resultant parcels Parcel 1 of PM 21587 and Parcel A of Adjustment Plat LLA21 -0007 will have a
combined net area of 13.31 acres. The project's two parcels will then be subdivided into four (4) parcels under
TPM21-0003 and the subsequent parcel map. The four parcels' public right -of-way is provided via a private access
easement out to Nirvana Avenue.
Development of the site will include four buildings on the 13.31 -acre portion of the site. Off-site grading of 0.37-
acre north of the project is needed and will consist of the project driveway and additional area. Another 0.21 -acre
easterly of the project site is required to rebuild an existing slope for stabilization. As well, 0.22 acres of City right-
of-way along the Main Street frontage (between the sidewalk and the property line) will be graded. Lastly, 0.18
acres west of the project site will be used for off-site grading to eliminate low points and high points along the
proposed retaining wall adjacent to the existing property line. This off-site grading will enable positive drainage in a
concrete brow ditch along the base of the wall to flow via gravity out toward Main Street instead of relying on storm
drain inlets to collect water at the base of the proposed retaining wall. Therefore, a total of 14.44 acres will be
graded for the project. Also of note is the need to upgrade the two rip -rap energy dissipators on the south side of
Main Street.
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If authorization is granted from the property owner, then during the grading operations of the project, approximately
25,000 cubic yards of project soil will be stocked piled at any given time on the property to the north of the subject
site at 850 Energy Way (APN 644-182-10) via a temporary access between the two properties.
Off-site trenching activities will occur in Nirvana Avenue for sewer and water laterals and in Main Street for Fire
laterals and storm drain connections.
The project includes the construction of four buildings as follows:
▪ Building 1 – a 585,946 square-foot warehouse, 36-feet high, single-story with mezzanine
▪ Building 2 – a 40,660 square-foot warehouse, 36-feet high, single-story with mezzanine
▪ Building 3 – a 140,802 square-foot, 40.5-feet high, 3-story self-storage building
▪ Building 4 – a 44,090 warehouse, 36-feet high, single-story with mezzanine
The project requires discretionary approval for the Design Review – DR21-0024 and Tentative Parcel Map – TPM21-
0003. Hours of operation for the business park are planned to be Monday through Friday 6:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.
and Saturday 6:00 a.m. to noon. The self-storage facilities will have 24/7 access.
Riprap modifications are required on the south side of Main Street where the existing western and middle drainages
outfall into the Otay River. The modifications at these two existing public storm drain outfall headwall locations will
increase the existing riprap apron size to dissipate energy as a result of estimated increased runoff velocities. These
two small areas (0.15 acres total) are located within the 100% Conservation Area of the Subarea Plan.
1.3 Site Description
The project site is characterized by flat sections of land that abruptly give way to steep slopes that lead down
towards the southern side of the site, adjacent to Main Street which borders the bottom of the project. Multiple
drainages are present at the site, flowing generally north to south in deep cuts that divide the surrounding flat-
topped bluffs. Elevations on site range from 139 to 212 feet above mean sea level (amsl). Beyond Main Street to
the south of the project lies undeveloped lands dominated by riparian habitat associated with the Otay River Valley.
The off-site riprap energy dissipators are located immediately south of Main Street along the border of the Otay
River. Lands to the north and west consist of heavy industry and large car storage lots. These lots directly abut the
project’s entire northern boundary. Open, undeveloped non-native grasslands sit to the east of the project.
The site is located in Section 20 of Township 18 south and Range 1 west in the 7.5-minute U.S Geological Survey
Imperial Beach quadrangle.
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2 Regional Resource Planning Context
2.1 Federal
The federal Endangered Species Act (FESA) of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), as amended, is administered by the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and National Marine
Fisheries Service. This legislation is intended to provide a means to conserve the ecosystems upon which
endangered and threatened species depend and provide programs for the conservati on of those species, thus
preventing extinction of plants and wildlife. Under provisions of Section 9(a)(1)(B) of FESA, it is unlawful to “take”
any listed species. “Take” is defined in Section 3(19) of FESA as, “harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, k ill,
trap, capture, or collect, or to attempt to engage in any such conduct.”
The Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) prohibits the take of any migratory bird or any part, nest, or eggs of any such
bird. Under the MBTA, “take” is defined as pursuing, hunting , shooting, capturing, collecting, or killing, or attempting
to do so (16 U.S.C. 703 et seq.). Additionally, Executive Order 13186, “Responsibilities of Federal Agencies to
Protect Migratory Birds,” requires that any project with federal involvement address impacts of federal actions on
migratory birds with the purpose of promoting conservation of migratory bird populations (66 FR 3853–3856). The
Executive Order requires federal agencies to work with USFWS to develop a memorandum of understanding. USFWS
reviews actions that might affect these species.
Pursuant to Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) regulates the discharge of
dredged and/or fill material into “waters of the United States.” The term “wetlands” (a subset of waters) is defined in
33 CFR 328.3(c) as “those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or groundwater at a frequency and
duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically
adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas.”
Wetlands must include all three parameters outlined by the USACE: hydrophytic vegetation, hydric soils, and hydrology
indicators. In the absence of wetlands, the limits of USACE jurisdiction in non-tidal waters, such as ephemeral
intermittent streams, extend to the “ordinary high water mark,” which is defined in 33 CFR 328.3(c).
The bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) are federally protected under the
Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act, passed in 1940 to protect the bald eagle and amended in 1962 to include
the golden eagle (16 U.S.C. 668a–d). This act (16 U.S.C. 668–668d) prohibits the take, possession, sale, purchase,
barter, offering to sell or purchase, export or import, or transport of bald eagles and golden eagles and their parts,
eggs, or nests without a permit issued by USFWS. The definition of “take” includes to pursue, shoot, shoot at, poison,
wound, kill, capture, trap, collect, molest, or disturb. The act prohibits any form of possession or taking of both eagle
species, and the statute imposes criminal and civil sanctions as well as an enhanced penalty provision for
subsequent offenses. Further, the act provides for the forfeiture of anything used to acquire eagles in violation of
the statute. The statute exempts from its prohibitions on possession the use of eagles or eagle parts for exhibition,
scientific, and Indian religious uses.
However, there is allowance within the act that, after investigation, the Secretary of the Interior may determine that
direct and purposeful taking is compatible with the preservation of the bald eagle or the golden eagle. If so, then
the Secretary may permit the taking, possession, and transportation of specimens for the scientific or exhibition
purposes of public museums, scientific societies, and zoological parks, or for the religious purposes of Indian tribes.
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The Secretary may also determine that it is necessary to permit the taking of eagles for the protection of wildlife or
of agricultural or other interests in any particular locality. This permitting may be for the seasonal protection of
domesticated flocks and herds, and may also permit the taking, possession, and transportation of golden eagles
for the purposes of falconry if the eagles may cause depredations on livestock or wildlife. Finally, the Secretary of
the Interior may permit the taking of golden eagle nests that interfere with resource development or recovery
operations, or in an emergency.
In November 2009, USFWS published the Final Eagle Permit Rule (74 FR 46836 –46879), providing a mechanism
to permit and allow for incidental (i.e., non -purposeful) take of bald and golden eagles pursuant to the Bald and
Golden Eagle Protection Act (16 U.S.C. 668 et seq.). Disturb means “to agitate or bother a bald or golden eagle to
a degree that causes, or is likely to cause, based on the best scientific information available, (1) injury to an eagle,
(2) a decrease in its productivity, by substantially interfering with normal breeding, feeding, or sheltering behavior,
or (3) nest abandonment, by substantially interfering with normal breeding, feeding, or sheltering behavior.” These
regulations may apply to projects such as wind turbines and transmission lines and were followed by issuance of
guidance documents for inventory and monitoring protocols and for avian protection plans (Pagel et al. 2010). In
February 2011, the USFWS released Draft Eagle Conservation Plan Guidance aimed at clarifying expectations for
acquiring take permits acquisition by wind power projects consistent with the 2009 rule.
2.2 State
The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) administers the California Endangered Species Act (CESA )
(California Fish and Game Code, Section 2050 et seq.), which prohibits the “take” of plant and animal species
designated by the Fish and Game Commission as endangered or threatened in the State of California. Under CESA
Section 86, take is defined as “hunt, pursue, catch, capture, or kill, or attempt to hunt, pursue, catch, capture, or
kill.” CESA Section 2053 stipulates that state agencies may not approve projects that will “jeopardize the continued
existence of any endangered species or threatened species or result in the destruction or adverse modification of
habitat essential to the continued existence of those species, if th ere are reasonable and prudent alternatives
available consistent with conserving the species or its habitat which would prevent jeopardy.”
According to Sections 3511 and 4700 of the Fish and Game Code, which regulate birds and mammals, respectively,
a “fully protected” species may not be taken or possessed without a permit from the Fish and Game Commission,
and “incidental takes” of these species are not authorized.
CESA Sections 2080 through 2085 address the taking of threatened, endangered, or candidate species by stating,
“No person shall import into this state, export out of this state, or take, possess, purchase, or sell within this state,
any species, or any part or product thereof, that the Commission determines to be an endangered species or a
threatened species, or attempt any of those acts, except as otherwise provided in this chapter, the Native Plant
Protection Act (Fish and Game Code, Sections 1900–1913), or the California Desert Native Plants Act (Food and
Agricultural Code, Section 80001).”
CDFW affords protection over the destruction of nests or eggs of native bird species (Fish and Game Code Section
3503), and it states that no birds in the orders of Falconiformes or Strigiformes (birds of prey) can be taken,
possessed, or destroyed (Fish and Game Code Section 3503.5). CDFW cannot issue permits or licenses that
authorize the take of any fully protected species, except under certain circumstances such as scientific research
and live capture and relocation of such species pursuant to a permit for the protection of livestock (Fish and Game
Code Section 3511). Separate from federal and state designations of species, CDFW designates certain vertebrate
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species as Species of Special Concern (SSC) based on declining population levels, limited ranges, and/or continuing
threats that have made them vulnerable to extinction.
Pursuant to Section 1602 of the Fish and Game Code, the CDFW regulates all diversions, obstru ctions, or changes
to the natural flow or bed, channel, or bank of any river, stream, or lake that supports fish or wildlife. A Streambed
Alteration Agreement is required for impacts to jurisdictional wetlands in accordance with Section 1602 of the
California Fish and Game Code.
The intent of the Porter –Cologne Water Quality Control Act is to protect water quality and the beneficial uses of
water, and it applies to both surface water and groundwater. Under this law, the State Water Resources Control
Board develops statewide water quality plans, and the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) develops
basin plans that identify beneficial uses, water quality objectives, and implementation plans. The RWQCBs have
the primary responsibility to implement the provisions of both statewide and basin plans. Waters regulated under
the Porter–Cologne Water Quality Control Act include isolated waters that are no longer regulated by the USACE.
Developments with impact to jurisdictional waters must demonstrate complian ce with the goals of the act by
developing stormwater pollution prevention plans, standard urban storm water mitigation plans, and other
measures to obtain a Clean Water Act Section 401 certification or Waste Discharge Requirement .
CEQA requires identification of a project’s potentially significant impacts on biological resources and feasible
mitigation measures and alternatives that could avoid or reduce significant impacts. CEQA Guidelines Section
15380(b)(1) defines endangered animals or plants as specie s or subspecies whose “survival and reproduction in
the wild are in immediate jeopardy from one or more causes, including loss of habitat, change in habitat,
overexploitation, predation, competition, disease, or other factors” (14 CCR 15000 et seq.). A rar e animal or plant
is defined in Section 15380(b)(2) as a species that, although not presently threatened with extinction, exists “in
such small numbers throughout all or a significant portion of its range that it may become endangered if its
environment worsens; or … [t]he species is likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout
all or a significant portion of its range and may be considered ‘threatened’ as that term is used in the federal
Endangered Species Act.” Additionally, an animal or plant may be presumed to be endangered, rare, or threatened
if it meets the criteria for listing, as defined further in CEQA Guidelines Section 15380(c). CEQA also requires
identification of a project’s potentially significant impacts on riparian ha bitats (such as wetlands, bays, estuaries,
and marshes) and other sensitive natural communities, including habitats occupied by endangered, rare, and
threatened species.
2.3 Chula Vista Multiple Species Conservation Plan
Subarea Plan
The MSCP Subregional Plan is implemented through individual Subarea Plans adopted by each jurisdiction receiving
take authorization for covered species. The Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan was approved by the City in May 2003
and received take authorization in January 2005. The Subarea Plan provides for conservation of upland habitats
and species through Preserve design, regulation of impacts and uses, and management of the Preserve. Within the
City’s Subarea Plan, the project site is designated as a “Development Area Outside of C overed Projects” (i.e., not
designated a preserve or conservation area) (Figure 2, MHPA). As defined by the Subarea Plan, projects within the
Development Area outside of Covered Projects planning area shall adhere to the City’s Habitat Loss and Incidental
Take (HLIT) Ordinance. The City’s Subarea Plan also specifies conditions for Narrow Endemic Species. Consistency
with regional resource planning is discussed further in the following text.
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The two small riprap modification areas are located within the “100% Conservation Area”. The Subarea Plan defines
these areas as lands within the City of Chula Vista for which hardline Preserve boundaries have been established
and where the conserved portion will be managed for its biological resources.
2.3.1 Habitat Loss Incidental Take Ordinance
For projects within Development Areas Outside of Covered Projects that contain sensitive biological resources and
for which the project site is greater than 1 acre, the HLIT Ordinance requires a biological evaluation of the resources
on site. In compliance with the MSCP Subregional Plan and the Subarea Plan, the City established development
standards in the HLIT Ordinance, as a condition of issuance of take authorization by the USFWS and CDFW. The
HLIT is consistent with the conservation and mitigation goals of the 1998 MSCP Subregional Plan and the City’s
Subarea Plan. Furthermore, the HLIT provides standards for development, identifies specific impact thresholds,
and defines the mitigation requirements for impacts to native and some non-native communities (e.g., non-native
grassland). Impacts to Tier I, II, and III habitats will be mitigated pursuant to HLIT mitigation standards provided in
Table 5-3 of the Subarea Plan. Based on the current site conditions, there are 13.53 acres of maritime succulent
scrub, 0.09 acres of unvegetated stream, and 0.37 acres of tamarisk scrub that could be impacted by the project.
This would require 14.00 acres of mitigation.
The Chula Vista MSCP lists Narrow Endemic Species for the Chula Vista Subarea. The HLIT provides protection of
Narrow Endemic Species and wetland impact avoidance/minimization. One narrow endemic species, San Diego
ambrosia (Ambrosia pumila), was recorded at the project site and two stream features were also observed.
2.3.2 Narrow Endemic Species Protection
For Development Areas Outside of Covered Projects, the Subarea Plan states that impacts to covered Narrow Endemic
Species will be avoided to the maximum extent practicable. Where impacts are demonstrated to be unavoidable, impacts
within these Development Areas will be limited to 20% of the total Narrow Endemic Species population within the Project
Area. If, after comprehensive consideration of avoidance and minimization measures, impacts exceed 20% of the
covered Narrow Endemic Species population within the Project Area, the City must make a determination of biologically
superior preservation consistent with Section 5.2.3.7 of this Subarea Plan. In 100% Conservation Areas, Planned and
Future Facilities must avoid impacts to covered Narrow Endemic Species to the maximum extent practicable. Where
impacts are demonstrated to be unavoidable, impacts within the 100% Conservation Areas will be limited to 5% of the
total Narrow Endemic Species population within the Project Area. If impacts exceed 5% of the covered Narrow Endemic
Species population within the Project Area after comprehensive consideration of avoidance and minimization measures
the City must make a determination of biologically superior preservation consistent with Section 5.2.3.7 of this Subarea
Plan. The City will forward its written determination of biologically superior preservation to the Wildlife Agencies for review.
Within 30 days of receipt of mailed notice of findings from the City the Wildlife Agencies may submit to the City a written
finding of non-concurrence on the facts of the City’s findings. If such finding of non-concurrence is made within 30 days,
the City will confer with the Wildlife Agencies to resolve Narrow Endemic Species issues associated with the proposed
development. If the Wildlife Agencies do not respond within 30 days after receipt of mailed notice, the City shall deem
the written findings accepted.
Section 5.4.2 includes the Equivalency Analysis for Narrow Endemic Species.
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2.4 City of Chula Vista
In compliance with the MSCP Subregional Plan and the Subarea Plan, the City established development standards,
the HLIT Ordinance, as a condition of issuance of take authorization by the Wildlife Agencies. The HLIT is consistent
with the conservation and mitigation goals of the MSCP Subregional Plan and the City of Chula Vista Subarea Plan,
which require impacts to sensitive vegetation communities to be avoided and minimized to the maximum extent
practicable. Furthermore, the HLIT identifies specific impact and mitigation requirements for impacts to native and
some non-native communities (e.g., non-native grassland). Project compliance with the HLIT is described in Section
5.4.2, Habitat Loss Incidental Take Ordinance, of this report.
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3 Methods and Survey Limitations
Data regarding biological resources present were obtained through a review of pertinent literature and field
reconnaissance, both of which are described in detail in this chapter. The study area is composed of all areas that
fall within the parcel boundaries. A 500-foot buffer around the project impact footprint was assessed via aerial
imagery (Google Earth 2021) for adjacency and indirect impacts analysis, but focused surveys were limited to the
14.74-acre study area.
3.1 Literature Review
The following data sources were reviewed to assist with the biological resources analysis:
▪ U.S. Department of Agriculture Web Soil Survey (USDA-NRCS 2021b)
▪ CDFW California Natural Diversity Database – RareFind, Version 5 (CDFW 2021a)
▪ CDFW California Natural Diversity Database – Listed, Endangered, Threatened Plants (CDFW 2021b)
▪ CDFW California Natural Diversity Database – Special Plants List (CDFW 2021c)
▪ California Native Plant Society Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants (CNPS 2021)
▪ USFWS Critical Habitat and Occurrence Data (USFWS 2021a)
▪ Birds of Conservation Concern 2021 Migratory Bird Program (USFWS 2021b)
▪ MSCP Subarea Plan (City of Chula Vista 2003)
▪ Aerial imagery (Google Earth 2021)
▪ Biological Impact Analysis Report for the Chula Vista Street West Parcel Project (Appendix G)
3.2 Field Reconnaissance
Biological field surveys for the project were conducted in 2021 and 2022 by Dudek biologists. Surveys conducted
included a jurisdictional delineation, vegetation mapping, focused rare plant surveys, protocol-level focused surveys
for coastal California gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica californica), and focused surveys for Crotch bumble bee
(Bombus crotchii). The site was also assessed for habitat for burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia), coastal cactus
wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus sandiegensis), fairy shrimp species, and quino checkerspot butterfly
(Euphydryas editha quino). Surveys for these species were not warranted due to lack of suitable habitat and due to
the requirements of the Chula Vista MSCP. Refer to Section 4.5.2 for a complete analysis of these species. In
addition, Merkel & Associates, Inc. conducted previous surveys on the site in 2007. Table 1 lists the survey dates,
times, surveying biologists, and weather conditions during the 2021 and 2023 survey efforts.
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Table 1. Schedule of Surveys
Date Time Personnel Survey Type Conditions
Previous Surveys
Varies1 Varies1 Varies1 Quino Checkerspot
Butterfly Habitat
Assessment, Quino
Checkerspot
Butterfly Protocol
Survey
Varies1
Varies1 Varies1 Varies1 Rare Plant Focused
Survey
Varies1
Varies1 Varies1 Varies1 Jurisdictional
Delineation
Varies1
Varies1 Varies1 Varies1 Coastal California
Gnatcatcher Survey
Varies1
Varies1 Varies1 Varies1 Ground Truthing
Survey
Varies1
General Surveys
07/01/2021 8:00 a.m. – 4:02 p.m. Callie Amoaku Jurisdictional
Delineation, Vegetation
Mapping
66°F–80°F, 0%–
10% cc, 1–4 mph
winds
09/08/2021 9:50 AM–11:53 AM Erin Bergman Jurisdictional
Delineation, Vegetation
Mapping for off-site
easement area
77°F; 10–20%
cloud cover; 0–3
mph wind
03/28/2022 9:50 AM–10:50 AM Dylan Ayers Jurisdictional
Delineation, Vegetation
Mapping for off-site
modification areas
61-78°F; 0% cloud
cover; 1-3 mph wind
Focused Coastal California Gnatcatcher Survey s
07/01/2021 7:20 AM–11:47 AM Erin Bergman Coastal California
Gnatcatcher Survey
(onsite)
61–84°F; 0% cloud
cover; 1–4 mph wind
07/23/2021 5:59 a.m.–11:46 a.m. Erin Bergman Coastal California
Gnatcatcher Survey
(onsite)
62–78°F; 30–90%
cloud cover; 0–3
mph wind
8/13/2021 6:02 AM–11:45 AM Erin Bergman Coastal California
Gnatcatcher Survey
(onsite)
66–84°F; 0–10%
cloud cover; 0–3
mph wind
10/11/2021 8:48 AM–11:27 AM Erin Bergman Coastal California
Gnatcatcher Survey
(offsite easement)
59–68°F; 0-50%
cloud cover; 1–3 mph
wind
10/18/2021 7:46 AM–10:32 AM Erin Bergman Coastal California
Gnatcatcher Survey
(offsite easement)
61–68°F; 0–90%
cloud cover; 0–3 mph
wind
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Table 1. Schedule of Surveys
Date Time Personnel Survey Type Conditions
10/25/2021 9:46 AM–12:04 AM Erin Bergman Coastal California
Gnatcatcher Survey
(offsite easement)
61–66°F; 50-100%
cloud cover; 0–3 mph
wind
Focused Rare Plant Surveys
04/29/2022 7:55 AM–5:12 PM Erin Bergman Rare Plant Surveys
67–72°F; 0% cloud
cover; 0–4 mph wind
05/31/2022 8:23 AM–4:05 PM Erin Bergman Rare Plant Surveys
64–82°F; 0–10%
cloud cover; 0–4
mph wind
Focused Crotch Bumble Bee Surveys
06/05/2023 12:45 PM–4:05 PM Anna Cassady Crotch Bumble Bee
Surveys
65–66°F; 60–70%
cloud cover; 3–8
mph wind
6/13/2023 9:30 AM–1:08 PM Erin Bergman Crotch Bumble Bee
Surveys
67–74°F; 0% cloud
cover; 0–2 mph wind
06/16/2023 8:17 AM–2:56 PM Callie Amoaku Crotch Bumble Bee
Surveys
66–76°F; 10–40%
cloud cover; 0–3
mph wind
6/20/2023 11:15 AM–1:10 PM
Anna Cassady Crotch Bumble Bee
Surveys
73–74°F; 0% cloud
cover; 3–8 mph wind
Notes: °F = degrees Fahrenheit; cc = cloud cover; mph = miles per hour, NR = not recorded
1 Appendix G
3.2.1 Resource Mapping
Mapping of the existing site conditions, biological resources, and jurisdictional areas present was performed in the
field directly onto a 100-scale (1 inch = 100 feet) color aerial map of the site. The vegetation community and land
cover mapping was also performed directly in the field and follow the classifications described by Holland (1986),
as revised by Oberbauer et al. (2008).
A GPS unit was used where necessary to record the biological resources within the study area. All areas identified as
being potentially subject to the jurisdiction of the USACE, RWQCB, CDFW, and the City were also verified and mapped
directly in the field. Following completion of the field work, Dudek Geographic Information System operator Andrew Greis
mapped findings using ArcGIS and calculated coverage acreages.
3.2.2 Flora
All plant species encountered during the field surveys were identified and recorded. For those species that could
not be identified immediately, samples suitably sized for identification were brought into t he laboratory for further
investigation. Latin and common names for plant species with a California Rare Plant Rank (CRPR; formerly CNPS
List) follow the California Native Plant Society Online Inventory of Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Plants of
California (CNPS 2021). For plant species without a CRPR, Latin names follow the Jepson Interchange List of
Currently Accepted Names of Native and Naturalized Plants of California (Jepson Flora Project 2018), and common
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names follow the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service Plants Database
(USDA-NRCS 2021c). The list of plant species observed on site is presented in Appendix A, Plant Compendium.
3.2.3 Fauna
Wildlife species detected during field surveys by sight, calls, tracks, scat, or other signs were recorded. Wildlife surveys
were conducted as summarized in Table 1. Binoculars (8 mm × 32 mm or 10 mm × 50 mm power) were used to identify
observed animals. In addition to species actually observed, expected wildlife use of the study area was determined by
known habitat preferences of local species and knowledge of their range and relative distributions in the area. A list of
animal species observed or detected on site is presented in Appendix B, Wildlife Compendium.
Latin and common names of animals follow Crother (2012) for reptiles and amphibians, American Ornithological
Society (AOS 2018) for birds, Wilson and Reeder (2005) for mammals, and North American Butterfly Association
(NABA 2001) or San Diego Natural History Museum (2002) for butterflies.
3.2.4 Jurisdictional Aquatic Resources
Features that convey or hold water are regulated by multiple agencies. Federal, state, and local agencies have
different definitions and terminology for these types of features. Herei nafter in this document, water-dependent
resources potentially regulated by the USACE, RWQCB, CDFW, and City will be collectively referred to as jurisdictional
aquatic resources. A jurisdictional delineation for the study area was conducted in July 2021 by Dudek biologist
Callie Amoaku; the offsite easement area was delineated in September 2021 by Dudek biologist Erin Bergman ; and
the offsite riprap modification areas were delineated in March 2022 by Dudek biologist Dylan Ayers. The delineation
defined areas under the jurisdiction of CDFW, pursuant to Sections 1600–1603 of the California Fish and Game
Code; USACE, pursuant to Section 404 of the federal Clean Water Act; and RWQCB, pursuant to Clean Water Act
Section 401 and the Porter–Cologne Act.
The methodology used for each jurisdiction or regulating agency (USACE, CDFW, and RWQCB) is described as follows.
The USACE wetlands delineation was performed in accordance with the 1987 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Wetlands
Delineation Manual (USACE 1987), the Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual:
Arid West Region (Arid West Supplement) (USACE 2008a), A Field Guide to the Identification of the Ordinary High Water
Mark (OHWM) in the Arid West Region of the Western United Stat es: A Delineation Manual (USACE 2008b), and
guidance provided by the USACE and Environmental Protection Agency on the geographic extent of jurisdiction based
on the U.S. Supreme Court’s interpretation of the Clean Water Act. The USACE and RWQCB jurisdictional areas,
pursuant to the federal Clean Water Act, include all areas supporting the three wetlands criteria described in the
USACE manual: hydric soils, hydrology, and hydrophytic vegetation.
RWQCB jurisdiction is coincident with the USACE in accordance with the federal Clean Water Act, except in cases
where a resource is determined to be isolated from navigable waters of the United States and where the RWQCB may
take jurisdiction under the Porter–Cologne Act. The RWQCB may also take jurisdiction over surface waters lacking
USACE regulation, pursuant to the Porter–Cologne Act. These areas generally include areas with at least one of the
three wetlands indicators but isolated from a tributary of navigable water through lack of evidence of surface water
hydrology. A predominance of hydrophytic vegetation, where associated with a stream channel, was used to determine
CDFW-regulated riparian areas. Streambeds under the jurisdiction of CDFW were delineated using the Cowardin
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method of waters classification (Cowardin et al. 1979), which defines waters boundaries by a single parameter (i.e.,
hydric soils, hydrophytic vegetation, or hydrology).
To assist in the determination of jurisdictional areas within the study area, data were collected at five sampling
points and are included in Appendix C, Jurisdictional Delineation Forms. Hydrology, vegetation, and soils were
assessed, and sampling data were collected on approved USACE forms. The site was evaluated for evidence of an
OHWM, surface water, saturation, wetland vegetation, and nexus to a traditional navigable water. The extent of
jurisdictional aquatic resources was determined by mapping the areas with similar vegetation and topograph y to
sampled locations.
3.2.4.1 Hydrophytic Vegetation
Seasonal changes in species composition, human land use practices, wildfires, and other natural disturbances can
adversely affect the hydrophytic vegetation determination. During the delineation, a sampling point was considered
positive for hydrophytic vegetation if it passed the basic dominance test (Indicator 1), meaning that more than 50%
of the dominant species sampled were characterized as either obligate, facultative wetland, and/or facultative, per
the 2018 National Wetland Plant List for the Arid West region (USACE 2018). In those cases, where the dominance
test failed, the vegetation parameter was re -evaluated using the prevalence index (Indicator 2), which takes into
account all plant species in the community, not just dominants. All plant species observed during the surveys were
identified and recorded. Where plant identification could not be made in the field, a sample was taken and later
identified in the laboratory.
3.2.4.2 Hydric Soils
According to the National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils, hydric soils are “soils that are formed under
conditions of saturation, flooding, or ponding long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic
conditions in the upper part” (USDA-NRCS 2018). Soil pits were prepared using a “sharp shooter” shovel to
determine if hydric soils were present. The presence of hydric soils was determined through consultations with the
USACE’s 2018 Field Indicators of Hydric Soils in the United States v. 8.2 (USDA-NRCS 2021a), USACE’s Arid West
Supplement (USACE 2008a), and Munsell Soil Color Charts. Where feasible, soil pits were prepared to depths
ranging from 10 to 16 inches, and dry soils were moistened to obtain the most accurate color. Excavated soils were
examined for evidence of hydric conditions, including low chroma values and mottling, vertical streaking, sulfidic
odor, and high organic matter content in the upper horizon. Evidence of previous ponding or flooding was assessed
along with the slope, slope shape, existing landform characteristics, soil material/composition, and hydrophytic
vegetation to determine whether hydric soils were present.
3.2.4.3 Hydrology
Per the guidelines prescribed in the Arid West Supplement (USACE 2008a), wetland hydrology indicators are
separated into four major groups: A, B, C, and D. Group A indicators are based on direct observations of surface
flow, ponding, and soil saturation/groundwater. Group B indicators consist of evidence of ponding, in cluding water
marks, drift deposits, and sediment deposits. Group C indicators include signs of previous and/or current
saturation, including oxidized rhizospheres surrounding living roots and the presence of reduced iron or sulfur, both
of which are indicative of extended periods of soil saturation. Group D indicators consist of “vegetation and soil
features that are indicative of current rather than historic wet conditions and include a shallow aquitard and results
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of the Facultative (FAC)-Neutral test” (USACE 2008a). Each group is subdivided into primary and secondary
categories based on their frequency and reliability to occur in the Arid West region. Signs of hydrology, where
present, were evaluated in the project.
The jurisdiction of Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan wetlands was also determined during the delineations. According
to the Subarea Plan, wetlands are generally defined as those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface
water or groundwater at a frequency or duration sufficient to support a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted
for life in saturated soil conditions. For purposes of the Subarea Plan, wetlands are those lands that contain
naturally occurring wetland communities listed on Table 5 -6 of the Subarea Plan and further described in Appendix
B of the Subarea Plan. Wetlands also include areas lacking wetland communities due to non -permitted filling of
previously existing wetlands. The following list is the wetlands included on Table 5-6 of the Subarea Plan:
▪ Coastal wetlands
- Salt marsh
- Saltpan
▪ Riparian habitats
- Oak Riparian Forest
- Riperian Forest
- Riparian Woodland
- Ripiarian Scrub
- Riparian Scrubv (Coastal Overlay Zone)
▪ Open water/freshwater
▪ Freshwater marsh
▪ Freshwater march (Coastal Overlay Zone)
▪ Natural flood channel
▪ Disturbed wetlands
▪ Vernal pools
▪ Marine habitat
▪ Eelgrass beds
3.2.5 Crotch Bumble Bee Surveys
While no standardized survey methodology is currently available from CDFW for Crotch bumble bee, the following
survey methods were reviewed to develop one: (1) U.S. National Protocol Framework for the Inventory and
Monitoring of Bees for North American bumble bees, prepared by S. Droege, J.D. Engler, E. Sellers and L.E. O’Br ien
in 2017; and (2) Survey Protocols for the Rusty Patched Bumble Bee (Bombus affinis), a federally listed bumble
bee located in the Midwestern United States, prepared by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 2019. In June 2023,
CDFW released the “Survey Considerations for California Endangered Species Act (CESA) Candidate Bumble Bee
Species”. Following survey protocols and considerations from these documents, Dudek conducted four (4) survey
passes which coincided with the Colony Active Period (April through August) for Crotch bumble bee (CDFW 2023 a)
(see Table 1). The surveys focused on surveying patches of blooming plants and looking at nest resources suitable
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for bumble bee use (i.e., small mammal burrows, bunch grasses with a duff layer, thatch, hollow trees, rock walls,
and brush piles).
3.2.6 Sensitive Biological Resources
Sensitive biological resources are defined as follows:
1. Species that have been given special recognition by federal, state, or local agencies and organizations due
to limited, declining, or threatened population sizes
2. Habitat types recognized by local and regional agencies as sensitive
3. Habitat areas or plant communities that are unique, are of relatively limited distribution, or are of particular
value to wildlife
4. Wildlife corridors and habitat linkages
Sources used for determination of sensitive biological resources are as follows: plants—USFWS (2000), CDFW (2021a,
2021b), and CNPS (2021); wildlife—USFWS (2000) and CDFW (2021a, 2021b); plant communities—Holland (1986) and
Oberbauer et al. (2008) and the City of Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan (City of Chula Vista 2003).
Several focused surveys have been conducted for this study area to determine the presence/absence of special-
status plant and animal species (Table 1). Dudek conducted focused surveys and/or habitat assessments for the
following sensitive biological resources: focused protocol surveys for coastal California gnatcatcher (Polioptila
californica californica), Crotch bumble bee, rare plant surveys, vegetation mapping, and jurisdictional resources.
3.3 Survey Limitations
Site visits were conducted during daylight hours. Complete inventories of biological resources present on a site
often require numerous focused surveys at different times of day during different seasons. Some species, such as
annual plants, may only be observable in the early spring, and nocturnal animals are difficult to detect during the
day. Other species may be present in such low numbers that they could be missed. Due to such timing and seasonal
variations, survey results are not an absolute list of all species that the study area may support. Special-status plant
and wildlife species with potential to occur in the study area are described in Sections 4.5.1 , Special-Status Plant
Species, and 4.5.2, Special-Status Wildlife Species, of this report and in Appendices D and E.
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INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK.
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4 Results of Surveys
4.1 Vegetation Communities
Vegetation communities and land covers mapped within the study area include the following: maritime succulent
scrub, tamarisk scrub, unvegetated stream, and disturbed habitat (Figure 3, Biological Resources; Table 2). While
cactus species commonly occur within the maritime succulent scrub, there are no cactus patches to map separately.
Table 2. Vegetation Communities and Land Cover within the Study Area
Veget ation Community/ Land Cover Acres
Non-Sensitive Vegetation Communities
Disturbed Habitat 0.46
Non-sensitive vegetation communities/land covers subtotal 0.46
Sensitive Vegetation Communities
Maritime succulent scrub 13.75
Tamarisk scrub 0.42
Unvegetated Stream 0.11
Sensitive vegetation communities subtotal 14.28
Total1 14.74
1 May not total due to rounding.
4.1.1 Maritime Succulent Scrub
Maritime succulent scrub is a low-lying community with openings that range from 25% to 75% cover and is
dominated by drought deciduous, woody, malacophyllous shrubs with a rich admixture of stem and leaf succulents.
Cacti is more dominant in inland populat ions and southern populations. Large portions of the ground are bare
between the shrubs. Most of the growth and flowering occurs in the springtime within this community. Maritime
succulent scrub extends as far inland as Bonita, Ca. Maritime succulent scrub is typically dominated by some or all
of the following species: California copperleaf (Acalypha californica), Shaw’s agave (Agave shawii), California
sagebrush (Artemisia californica), golden spined cereus (Bergerocactus emoryi), California encelia (Encelia
californica), cliff spurge (Euphorbia misera), coast barrel cactus (Ferocactus viridescens), California box thorn
(Lycium californicum), coast prickly pear (Opuntia littoralis), chaparral prickly pear (Opuntia oricola), coast cholla
(Cylindropuntia prolifera), lemonade berry (Rhus integrifolia), San Diego sunflower (Viguiera or Bahiopsis laciniata)
(Oberbauer et al. 2008).
On site, there are 13.75 acres of Maritime succulent scrub present. Numerous succulent species are present and,
in some areas, abundant. Succulents are present within the plant community and include coastal barrel cactus
(Ferocactus viridescens), coast cholla (Cylindropuntia prolifera), strawberry cactus (Mammillaria dioica), and
coastal prickly pear (Opuntia littoralis). Larger dominant shrubs growing with the succulents include jojoba
(Simmondsia chinensis), lemonadeberry (Rhus integrifolia), California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum),
San Diego sunflower (Bahiopsis laciniata), laurel sumac (Malosma laurina), and California adolphia (Adolphia
californica). Less commonly occurring species within the maritime succulent scrub include Mojave yucca (Yucca
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schidigera), cane bluestem (Bothriochloa barbinodis), and clustered tarplant (Deinandra fasciculata). The majority
of the maritime succulent scrub on site is high quality with only few non-native grass species. Non-native grasses
scattered throughout the site are few and include mostly a variety of European bromes like red brome (Bromus
rubens), rip gut brome (Bromus diandrus), and false brome (Brachypodium distachyon). Large open patches of the
maritime succulent scrub are dominated by cryptogamic crusts and spikemoss species. Ashy spikemoss
(Selaginella cinerascens) is a dominate plant on site within most openings. Soils within this vegetation community
consist of clay loams. Maritime succulent scrub is the overall dominant plant community on site.
4.1.2 Tamarisk scrub
Tamarisk scrub (Tamarix ramosissima) is a non-native community consisting almost entirely as a monoculture.
Tamarisk scrub supplants native vegetation following a major disturbance. Tamarisk scrub is found in sandy,
gravelly braided channels, or washes or intermittent streams. Tamarisk is a prolific seeding species and an
aggressive competitor to other species in riparian corridors. Tamarix scrub is widely scattered and increasing its
range, throughout the drier parts of California. Tamarix scrub is also moving into the deserts of Nevada, Arizona ,
and beyond (Oberbauer et al. 2008).
Tamarisk scrub is dominant within the plant community on site, present on 0.42 acres and making up 95% of the
vegetative cover. This tamarisk community can be easily identified with aerial photography due to the density. Two
narrow riparian corridors are present within the project boundary that contain tamarisk. One corridor sits on the
very western side of the site and the other near the central portion of the site. In addition, at the two offsite riprap
areas south of Main street, tamarisk scrub was recorded along the fringes of the riparian zone associated with the
Otay River floodplain. Large, mature tamarisk occur in these two small sections of the project site, intermixed with
some mule fat shrubs (Baccharis salicifolia). Tamarisk creates dense monocultures that allow minimal light
penetration to the ground, though a few remnant willows were still present on site. Thick stands of tamarisk allow
for few annuals and few small perennials to persist below the canopy. The soils below the tamarisk consist of sand
or sandy loams. Red willow (Salix laevigata), Goodding’s willow (Salix gooddingii), and mulefat occur in a very small
percentage within the tamarisk scrub. Red brome, rip gut brome, and smilograss (Stipa miliacea) are the dominant
species in the understory. Additional species observed, but in less than 1% cover include wild celery (Apium
graveolens) and cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium).
4.1.3 Unvegetated Stream Channel
Unvegetated stream channel is an aquatic community characterized by sandy, gravelly, or rocky fringes found
around waterways or flood channels. Vegetation may be present but is usually is less than 10% total cover and
grows on the outer edge of the channels (Oberbauer et al. 2008).
Unvegetated stream occurs on 0.11 acres within the three drainages that generally flow north to south across the
site. These drainages are all found at the bottom of steep slopes, two at the western and eastern edges of the
project, the third in the center. The central channel’s eastern slope and edge consist of patches of dense singlewhorl
burrobush (Ambrosia monogyra). Unvegetated stream channel also occurs south of Main street in the offsite riprap
areas where the western and central drainages flow beneath M ain street via culvert structures.
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4.1.4 Disturbed Habitat
Disturbed habitats are areas that have been physically disturbed and are no longer recognizable as a native or
naturalized vegetation association. These areas may continue to retain soil substrate. If vegetation is present, it is almost
entirely composed of non-native vegetation, such as ornamentals or ruderal exotic species. Examples of these areas may
include graded landscapes or areas, graded firebreaks, graded construction pads, temporary construction staging areas,
off-road-vehicle trails, areas repeatedly cleared for fuel management, or areas that are repeatedly used in ways that
prevent revegetation (e.g., parking lots, trails that have persisted for years) (Oberbauer et al. 2008).
Disturbed habitat is found on 0.46 acres near the central portion of the site, and in the offsite riprap areas south
of Main street. Disturbed habitat on the main portion of the project site consists of an old dirt road and other
disturbances; disturbed habitat south of Main street is associated with undeveloped land directly adjacent to Main
street. The majority of this disturbed habitat has either compacted soils, soils that may have been historically disced
and or graded to maintain a dirt road. In these disturbed areas, non-native European bromes dominate. Near the
center of the site, the edges of observed disturbed habitat consist of San Diego ambrosia (Ambrosia pumila). San
Diego ambrosia continues into the maritime succulent scrub habitat.
4.2 Jurisdictional Waters and Wetlands
The study area supports several potential jurisdictional aquatic resources. Figure 4, Potential Jurisdictional
Resources, shows where these areas are located. Wetland sampling points were collected along the western and
central channels on site, as well as at the outlet of the western channel south of Main Street, and concluded there
are no three-parameter wetlands. The eastern-most channel displayed similar characteristics as the other two, with
an unvegetated channel and tamarisk along the slope. The three channels on site are unnamed. These channels
are visible on aerial imagery before major site disturbance and development in the area started in the 1960s and
1970s. Rainfall along with runoff from the commercial developments to the north convey water into these channels
through large metal culverts that outlet in the northern upstream portion of the study area. The channels flow south
into a culvert beneath Main Street and into the Otay River. The western channel appears to receive perennial water,
perhaps due to irrigation or other land uses; water was ponded at the outlet on the south side of Main Street during
the March 2022 visit. The middle channel had a small amount of water at the culvert outlet but was dry for the
majority of its length. At least half of this channel is filled with tires that were illegally du mped on site. The culvert
beneath Main Street is clogged with sediment and the City was in the process of sediment removal in the off -site
area during the March 2022 visit. This sediment removal and associated work areas had temporarily disturbed the
channel configuration. Dudek mapped the estimated extent of the channel prior to the temporary disturbance. The
eastern channel was dry during the site visit and was also partially filled with tires that were illegally dumped on
site. These unvegetated stream features would be considered non-wetland waters and streams, potentially
regulated by the jurisdiction of the USACE, RWQCB, and CDFW.
While not a three-parameter wetland, tamarisk scrub is considered a “riparian scrub” and therefore a Chula Vista
MSCP Subarea Plan wetland. In addition, this tamarisk would be regulated by CDFW as riparian habitat since it
occurs along the slopes of the streams.
There are two erosional features created on very steep slopes where water runoff has eroded the soils. While these
are not typically regulated by resource agencies, they can convey stormwater and may be regulated by RWQCB.
Table 3 summarizes these resources.
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Table 3. Jurisdictional Wetlands and Waters at the Project Site
Wetlands Vegetation Community/
Water Feature J urisdiction Acres
Tamarisk scrub (riparian) CDFW; City 0.42
Unvegetated channel USACE/CDFW/RWQCB Non-wetlands waters 0.11
Maritime succulent scrub (top of bank) CDFW 0.02
Erosional Feature RWQCB Non-wetland waters 0.01
Total 0.56
4.2.1 Wetlands Discussion
Merkel & Associates conducted a jurisdictional delineation in 2007. Their delineation mapped wetlands on site.
However, the 2021 jurisdictional delineation concluded there were no three -parameter wetlands on site. As
described in Sections 2 and 3, wetlands must have hydrophytic vegetation, hydric soils, and hydrology present in
order to be considered a wetland. The previous report and data forms indicate certain wetland species were present
on site during that time, including southern cattail (Typha domingensis) and areas dominated by willows or mulefat.
Their report concluded that the riparian scrub communities were wetlands; however, their report also states that
only two parameters were present at their data points: hydrophytic vegetat ion and hydrology. Hydric soils were
absent from their data points and the report states they were assumed “due to dominance of FACW plant species”.
USACE guidance documents, such as the Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation
Manual: Arid West Region (Version 2.0) (USACE 2008) describe assuming hydric soils under certain circumstances,
such as a combination of various factors or “problematic” hydric soils. The Merkel & Associates report does not
provide any further explanation besides the presence of certain plant species, nor does the report include the
second page of the wetland data determination forms to provide further clarification to support this conclusion. The
presence of certain hydrophytic plant species alone is not sufficient to assume hydric soils.
Regardless, the site has changed between 2007 and 202 2 and the biological resources present have changed.
The 2021 and 2022 delineations represent the current conditions of the site, which lack three-parameter wetlands.
Tamarisk is the dominant riparian plant present on site, with the understory dominated by upland grasses. Tamarisk
is a facultative plant, which means it can occur in both wetlands and non-wetlands. No facultative wetland or
obligate plants were dominant in areas on site. None of the soils on site (Olivenhain-Urban land complex, 9 to 30
percent slopes, Salinas clay loam, 2 to 9 percent slopes) or gravel pits are mapped as hydric nor do they have
indications of being a problematic soil (e.g., alkaline). While not a three-parameter wetland, the tamarisk is mapped
as a riparian resource regulated by CDFW and a City wetland. Willows and mulefat are a very small component of
the tamarisk; however, they are not dominant or co-dominant (typically one tree or shrub) and do not meet the
definition of a stand-alone vegetation community based on Oberbauer (2008).
4.3 Botany
A total of 99 species of native or naturalized plants, 50 native (51%) and 49 non-native (49%), was recorded on the
site (Appendix A). Twenty-four families were observed on site, with members of Asteraceae and Poaceae
representing most of the recorded species. Special-status plants known to occur at the project or with moderate to
high to potential to occur at the study area are discussed in Section 4.5.1, Special-Status Plant Species.
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 21 JUNE 2023
4.4 Zoology
Historic information and recent surveys are the basis for the description of wildlife on the study area. Special-status
wildlife known to occur at the project or with moderate to high to potential to occur at the study area are discussed
in Section 4.5.2, Special-Status Wildlife Species. A list of wildlife species observed or detected on site is included
in Appendix B.
4.4.1 Birds
A total of 26 species of birds were observed within study area or immediately off site during the surveys conducted
by Dudek in 2021. Some of the species observed include coastal American kestrel (Falco sparverius), Anna's
hummingbird (Calypte anna), California towhee (Melozone crissalis), common yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas),
house finch (Haemorhous mexicanus), red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), Pacific-slope flycatcher (Empidonax
difficilis), and northern mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos).
4.4.2 Reptiles and Amphibians
Three reptile species was observed within the study area during the Dudek surveys: western fence lizard
(Sceloporus occidentalis) and orange-throated whiptail (Aspidoscelis hyperythra). Based on the habitat present and
Dudek biologists’ knowledge of the area, it is presumed that several other reptile and amphibian species occur on
the study area. Some of these include common side-blotched lizard (Uta stansburiana), red-diamond rattlesnake
(Crotalus ruber), Blainville’s horned lizard (Phrynosoma blainvillii), tree frogs (Pseudacris spp.), and western toad
(Bufo boreas).
4.4.3 Mammals
Three species of mammal were detected within the study area by direct observation or sign: California ground
squirrel (Spermophilus (Otospermophilus) beecheyi), coyote (Canis latrans), and desert cottontail (Sylvilagus
audubonii). Other mammal species that likely use the site include Botta’s pocket gopher (Thomomys bottae), and
common raccoon (Procyon lotor).
4.4.4 Invertebrates
Twelve species of invertebrates, all of which were butterflies, were identified within the study area by direct
observation. Common species on site include Behr’s metalmark (Apodemia mormo virgulti), marine blue (Leptotes
marina), Edward’s blue (Hemiargus ceraunus gyas), western pygmy-blue (Brephidium exile), and cloudless sulphur
(Phoebis sennae). Invertebrate diversity is expected to be moderately high, especially in the naturally vegetated
portions of the study area.
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 22 JUNE 2023
4.5 Sensitive Biological Resources
The following resources are discussed in this section:
1. Plant and wildlife species present in the project vicinity that are given special recognition by federal, state,
or local agencies and organizations
2. Habitat types recognized by local and regional agencies as sensitive
3. Habitat areas that are unique, are of relatively limited distribution, or are of particular value to wildlife
4. Wildlife corridors and habitat linkages
4.5.1 Special-Status Plant Species
Plant species are considered special status if they have been listed or proposed for listing by the federal or state
government as rare, endangered, or threatened (“listed species”); have a CRPR of 1–4; are listed as an MSCP-
covered species; and/or have been adopted by the City as narrow endemic. An evaluation of known records in the
Imperial Beach quadrangle and the surrounding four quadrangles (CDFW 2021a; CNPS 2021; USFWS 2021a) was
conducted to determine which species have been recorded in the project vicinity. Figure 5 shows the CNDDB
occurrences within 1 mile of the study area. In addition, Dudek’s knowledge of biological resources, the regional
distribution of each species (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001), and anecdotal observations from other
2021 surveys, as well as elevation, habitat, and soils present within the project footprint and study area, were
evaluated to determine the potential for various special-status species to occur.
Rare plant surveys were conducted in 2007 by Merkel & Associates Inc. Multiple special status plant species were
observed during those surveys and the results contained in the Biological Impact Analysis Report for the Chula
Vista Street Western Parcel Project (Appendix G) were considered during this assessment.
Protocol level special-status plant surveys to determine the presence or absence of plant species that are
considered endangered, rare, or threatened under CEQA Guidelines Section 15380 (14 CCR 15000 et seq.) were
conducted in April and May 2022.
Focused surveys for other resources within the study area were conducted in 2021. One federally listed plant species
was detected within the study area: San Diego ambrosia (Ambrosia pumila) (federally threatened; CRPR 1B.1; MSCP
Covered species and narrow endemic). Five other species considered sensitive by various agencies also occur within the
study area: singlewhorl burrobrush (Ambrosia monogyra; CRPR 2B.2), California adolphia (Adolphia californica; CRPR
2B.1), San Diego barrel cactus (Ferocactus viridescens; CRPR 2B.1; MSCP Covered species), Ashy spike-moss
(Selaginella cinerascens; CRPR 4.1), and San Diego County viguiera (Viguiera laciniata; CRPR 4.3).
The six observed rare plants observed on site are shown in Table 4 and shown on Figure 3. Plants with low or no
potential to occur are listed in Appendix E. Species observed during the 2021 and 2022 focused surveys are
described herein.
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 23 JUNE 2023
Table 4. Special Status Plant Species Observed On Site
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State
/CRPR /MSCP )
Primary Habitat
Associations/ Life
Form/ Blooming
Period/ Elevation
Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Adolphia
californica
California
adolphia
None/None/
2B.1/None
Chaparral, Coastal scrub,
Valley and foothill
grassland;
Clay/perennial
deciduous shrub/
Dec–May/33–2,425
Observed on site during
vegetation mapping and rare
plant surveys, and in 2007
(Appendix G).
Ambrosia
monogyra
singlewhorl
burrobrush
None/None/
2B.2/None
Chaparral, Sonoran
desert scrub;
sandy/perennial
shrub/Aug–Nov/
33–1,640
Observed on site during
vegetation mapping and rare
plant surveys.
Ambrosia
pumila
San Diego
ambrosia
FE/None/
1B.1/Covered;
NE
Chaparral, Coastal scrub,
Valley and foothill
grassland, Vernal pools;
sandy loam or clay, often
in disturbed areas,
sometimes
alkaline/perennial
rhizomatous herb/
Apr–Oct/66–1,360
Observed on site during
vegetation mapping.
Ferocactus
viridescens
San Diego
barrel cactus
None/None/
2B.1/Covered
Chaparral, Coastal scrub,
Valley and foothill
grassland, Vernal
pools/perennial stem
succulent/May–June/
10–1,475
Observed on site during
vegetation mapping and rare
plant surveys, and in 2007
(Appendix G).
Selaginella
cinerascens
ashy spike-
moss
None/None/
4.1/None
Chaparral, Coastal
scrub/perennial
rhizomatous
herb/N.A./66–2,095
Observed on site during
vegetation mapping and rare
plant surveys.
Viguiera
laciniata
San Diego
County
viguiera
None/None/
4.3/None
Chaparral, Coastal
scrub/perennial
shrub/Feb–June(Aug)/
197–2,460
Observed on site during
vegetation mapping and rare
plant surveys.
Source: Calflora 2021; iNaturalist 2021; Reiser 2001; SDNHM 2021
Status Designations
Covered: species covered under the Chula Vista MSCP
FE: Federally listed as endangered
SE: State listed as endangered
CRPR (California Rare Plant Rank):
CRPR 1A: Plants presumed extirpated in California and either rare or extinct elsewhere
CRPR 1B: Plants rare, threatened, or endangered in California and elsewhere
CRPR 2A: Plants presumed extirpated in California, but common elsewhere
CRPR 2B: Plants rare, threatened, or endangered in California, but more common elsewhere
CRPR 3: Plants about which more information is needed – a review list
CRPR 4: Plants of limited distribution – a watch list
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 24 JUNE 2023
Threat Rank:
1: seriously threatened in California (over 80% of occurrences threatened/high degree and immediacy of threat)
2: moderately threatened in California (20%–80% of occurrences threatened/moderate degree and immediacy of threat)
3: not very threatened in California (<20% of occurrences threatened/low degree and immediacy of threat or no current threats known)
California adolphia (Adolphia californica), CRPR 2B.1. California adolphia is a dicot, California native shrub that
occurs in San Diego, Los Angeles, and Monterey counties (Calflora 2021). This species is found in chaparral, valley
grassland, and coastal sage scrub, and typically blooms from December to May. California adolphia occurs at
elevations of 33 to 2,428 feet amsl. California adolphia was observed in the western portion of the study area
(Figure 3).
Singlewhorl burrobrush (Ambrosia monogyra), CRPR 2B.2. Singlewhorl burrobrush is a dicot, California native shrub
that occurs in Imperial, Inyo, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, and San Diego counties (Calflora 2021). This
species is found in coastal sage scrub, freshwater wetland, and chaparral habitat and typically blooms from August
to November. Singlewhorl burrobrush occurs at elevations below 1,640 feet amsl. Singlewhorl burrobrush was
observed along the western and middle drainages (Figure 3).
San Diego ambrosia (Ambrosia pumila), CRPR 1B.1, Federally Endangered, MSCP Covered Species, Narrow
Endemic. San Diego ambrosia is an herbaceous plant that blooms April through October and grows in freshwater
wetland, coastal sage scrub, and chaparral communities (CNPS 2021). San Diego ambrosia was observed adjacent
to the middle drainage (Figure 3).
San Diego Barrel Cactus (Ferocactus viridescens), CRPR 2B.1, MSCP Covered Species. San Diego barrel cactus is
a dicot, California native species of cactus that is found almost exclusively in the coastal regions of San Diego
(Calflora 2021). This species is often found in coastal scrub, chaparral, and grassland environments, blooming May
through June. It is found at elevations ranging from 10 to 1,475 feet amsl. San Diego barrel cactus was observed
in the far western and northeastern portions of the study area (Figure 3).
Ashy Spike Moss (Selaginella cinerascens), CRPR 4.1. Ashy spike moss is a pteridophyte, California native fern
found only in southern San Diego and Orange counties. It is also found in parts of northern Mexico. This species
occurs in chaparral and coastal scrub communities ranging from 66 to 2,095 amsl. Ashy spike moss was observed
in the western portion of the study area (Figure 3).
San Diego County viguiera (Viguiera laciniata), CRPR 4.3 San Diego County viguiera is a dicot, California native
perennial shrub that occurs in San Diego and Orange counties (Calflora 2021). This species is found in chaparral
and coastal sage scrub. The bloom period for San Diego County viguiera is from February to August. San Diego
County viguiera occurs at elevations of 195 to 2,460 feet amsl. This species is present throughout the maritime
succulent scrub on site and was not mapped.
4.5.2 Special-Status Wildlife Species
Table 5 provides a cumulative list of special-status wildlife species that were observed during focused surveys or that
have moderate to high potential to occur in the study area based on the literature search. Figure 5 shows the CNDDB
occurrences within 1 mile of the study area. Appendix E shows all species that have low or no potential to occur. The
potential to occur is based on known occurrences in the region, life history, and the general habitat requirements.
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 25 JUNE 2023
Focused surveys of the study area were conducted according to the methods presented in Section 3.2.3 , Fauna.
Focused surveys for coastal California gnatcatcher were conducted at the study area during the 2021 season.
Special-status wildlife species observed include wrentit (Chamaea fasciata), Cooper’s hawk (Accipiter cooperii), and
least Bell’s vireo (Vireo bellii pusillus). Surveys conducted in 2007 by Merkel & Associates observed multiple special-
status wildlife species and the results of those surveys were considered during this assessment.
Regarding quino checkerspot butterfly, per Section 5.2.8.2 in the City’s Subarea Plan, “Outside of the Preserve,
protocol surveys for QCB presence will be required for Development Areas only within Non-Preserve Habitat-
Category A east of SR125”. The Proposed Project is located west of SR125 and therefore does not require focused
surveys. Within the 100% Conservation Areas, potential impacts to quino checkerspot butterfly habitat will be
minimized. There is no suitable habitat for quino checkerspot butterfly i n the two riprap modification areas within
the 100% Conservation Area since they are comprised of disturbed habitat and tamarisk scrub, both lacking the
soil substrate and plant composition that would support quino checkerspot butterfly.
A description of special-status wildlife species observed or detected during surveys conducted in 2021 is included herein.
Table 5. Special Status Wildlife Species Observed On Site or With Moderate to High
Potential to Occur On Site
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/
State/MSCP)
Primary Habitat
Associations/ Life
Form/ Blooming
Period/ Elevation
Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Reptiles
Aspidoscelis
hyperythra
orange-
throated
whiptail
None/WL/
Covered
Low-elevation coastal
scrub, chaparral, and
valley–foothill
hardwood
Observed. Several orange-
throated whiptails were observed
during the 2023 surveys.
Aspidoscelis
tigris stejnegeri
San Diegan
tiger whiptail
None/SSC/
None
Hot and dry areas with
sparse foliage,
including chaparral,
woodland, and
riparian areas.
High potential to occur on site.
There is suitable vegetation on
site. The nearest CNDDB
occurrence record, collected in
2000 or 2001, is 6.8 miles
southeast of the study area.
Some suitable vegetation
present.
Crotalus ruber red
diamondback
rattlesnake
None/SSC/
None
Coastal scrub,
chaparral, oak and
pine woodlands, rocky
grasslands, cultivated
areas, and desert flats
High potential to occur. Suitable
coastal scrub vegetation present
on site. Nearest CNDDB record of
occurrence, collected in 2006, is
1 mile northwest of the study
area.
Masticophis
fuliginosus
Baja
California
coachwhip
None/SSC/
None
In California restricted
to southern San Diego
County, where it is
known from grassland
and coastal sage
scrub. Open areas in
Moderate potential to occur. The
nearest CNDDB record of
occurrence, collected in 1941, is
1 mile south of the study area.
Suitable scrub habitat present on
site.
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 26 JUNE 2023
Table 5. Special Status Wildlife Species Observed On Site or With Moderate to High
Potential to Occur On Site
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/
State/MSCP)
Primary Habitat
Associations/ Life
Form/ Blooming
Period/ Elevation
Range (feet) Potential to Occur
grassland and coastal
sage scrub.
Phrynosoma
blainvillii
Blainville's
horned lizard
None/SSC/
Covered
Open areas of sandy
soil in valleys, foothills,
and semi-arid
mountains including
coastal scrub,
chaparral, valley–
foothill hardwood,
conifer, riparian, pine–
cypress, juniper, and
annual grassland
habitats
High potential to occur. The
nearest CNDDB record of
occurrence, collected in 1981, is
2.4 miles south of the study area.
There is an observation just south
of Main Street from 2017
(iNaturalist 2021). Suitable
riparian and coastal scrub
vegetation present on site.
Birds
Accipiter
cooperii
(nesting)
Cooper's
hawk
None/WL/
Covered
Nests and forages in
dense stands of live
oak, riparian
woodlands, or other
woodland habitats
often near water
Observed foraging on site. Low
potential to nest on site with the
limited number of trees and
surrounding development. The
Otay River is located just south
and has much better-quality
nesting habitat. There is suitable
nesting habitat for this species
near the offsite riprap
modification areas. The nearest
CNDDB record of occurrence,
collected in 2001, is 6.8 miles
southwest of the study area.
Aimophila
ruficeps
canescens
Southern
California
rufous-
crowned
sparrow
None/WL/
Covered
Nests and forages in
open coastal scrub
and chaparral with low
cover of scattered
scrub interspersed
with rocky and grassy
patches
High potential to occur. The
nearest CNDDB record of
occurrence, collected in 2002, is
1.2 miles northeast of the study
area. Suitable vegetation is
present for foraging or nesting
individuals.
Artemisiospiza
belli
Bell's
sparrow
None/WL/
None
Nests and forages in
coastal scrub and dry
chaparral; typically in
large, unfragmented
patches dominated by
chamise; nests in
more dense patches
but uses more open
habitat in winter
Moderate potential to occur. The
nearest CNDDB record of
occurrence, collected in 2000, is
6.8 miles northwest of the study
area. Suitable coastal scrub
vegetation present on site.
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 27 JUNE 2023
Table 5. Special Status Wildlife Species Observed On Site or With Moderate to High
Potential to Occur On Site
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/
State/MSCP)
Primary Habitat
Associations/ Life
Form/ Blooming
Period/ Elevation
Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Campylorhynchus
brunneicapillus
sandiegensis
(San Diego &
Orange
Counties only)
coastal
cactus wren
None/SSC/
Covered
Southern cactus scrub
patches
Low potential to nest on site and
moderate potential to forage on
site. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 1989,
is 0.5-mile east of the study area.
There is cactus throughout the
study area, though there are no
cactus thickets or patches
typically required for nesting.
Additionally, no nests or
individuals were heard or
observed during the 2021
focused California gnatcatcher
surveys or previous surveys done
in 2007 (Appendix G). Site could
be used by transient individuals
but has low nesting potential.
Chamaea
fasciata
wrentit BCC/None/
None
Primarily coastal scrub
and chaparral, but
also riparian habitats,
oak woodland, mixed
hardwood, and mixed
conifer forests
Observed.
Icteria virens
(nesting)
yellow-
breasted
chat
None/SSC/
None
Nests and forages in
dense, relatively wide
riparian woodlands
and thickets of
willows, vine tangles,
and dense brush
Moderate potential to nest on
site. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 2001,
is 1.7 miles east of the study
area. Some marginal riparian
vegetation present that could
support nesting or could occur on
site as transient forager. There is
suitable habitat for this species
near the offsite riprap
modification areas.
Polioptila
californica
coastal
California
gnatcatcher
FT/SSC/
Covered
Nests and forages in
various sage scrub
communities, often
dominated by
California sagebrush
and buckwheat;
generally avoids
nesting in areas with a
slope of greater than
40%; majority of
High potential to occur. Two pairs
were documented nesting on site
during the 2007 surveys
(Appendix G). Suitable scrub
vegetation dominates the study
area. Site could be used by
foraging and nesting individuals.
Protocol level surveys were
conducted in July, August, and
October 2021 with no recorded
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 28 JUNE 2023
Table 5. Special Status Wildlife Species Observed On Site or With Moderate to High
Potential to Occur On Site
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/
State/MSCP)
Primary Habitat
Associations/ Life
Form/ Blooming
Period/ Elevation
Range (feet) Potential to Occur
nesting at less than
1,000 feet amsl
observations; however, based on
the presence of suitable habitat it
is assumed this species can nest
on site.
Setophaga
petechia
(nesting)
yellow
warbler
None/SSC/
None
Nests and forages in
riparian and oak
woodlands, montane
chaparral, open
ponderosa pine, and
mixed-conifer habitats
Observed during 2023 surveys.
Moderate potential to nest on
site. Some marginal riparian
vegetation present that could
support nesting, but most likely
the observation was a transient
forager given the proximity to the
Otay River. There is suitable
habitat for this species near the
offsite riprap modification areas.
Vireo bellii
pusillus
(nesting)
least Bell's
vireo
FE/SE/
Covered
Nests and forages in
low, dense riparian
thickets along water or
along dry parts of
intermittent streams;
forages in riparian and
adjacent shrubland
late in nesting season
Low potential to nest on site north
of Main Street. This species nests
in the Otay River, just south of the
main project site. An individual
least Bell’s vireo was observed on
July 1, 2021 during the focused
California gnatcatcher survey but
was not detected later in the day
or during subsequent surveys.
Riparian habitats on site are
small in size, dominated by non-
native tamarisk, and offer little
nesting opportunity for this
species. There is high likelihood
that this species could use the
main project site (north of Main
Street) as a transient forager,
though nesting is unlikely. The
offsite riprap modification areas
south of Main Street are
comprised of disturbed habitat or
tamarisk but assumed to be
adjacent to suitable nesting
habitat for least Bell’s vireo.
Mammals
Chaetodipus
fallax
northwestern
San Diego
pocket
mouse
None/SSC/
None
Coastal scrub, mixed
chaparral, sagebrush,
desert wash, desert
scrub, desert
Moderate potential to occur. The
nearest CNDDB record of
occurrence, collected in 1993, is
0.5 miles south of the study area.
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 29 JUNE 2023
Table 5. Special Status Wildlife Species Observed On Site or With Moderate to High
Potential to Occur On Site
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/
State/MSCP)
Primary Habitat
Associations/ Life
Form/ Blooming
Period/ Elevation
Range (feet) Potential to Occur
succulent shrub,
pinyon–juniper, and
annual grassland
This species prefers rocky habitat
near shrubs and occurrence
numbers in chaparral is negligible
(Tremor 2017). The site is
dominated by maritime succulent
scrub which is dense, and the site
lacks rocky areas.
Eumops perotis
californicus
western
mastiff bat
None/SSC/
None
Chaparral, coastal and
desert scrub,
coniferous and
deciduous forest and
woodland; roosts in
crevices in rocky
canyons and cliffs
where the canyon or
cliff is vertical or
nearly vertical, trees,
and tunnels
Moderate potential to occur. The
nearest CNDDB record of
occurrence is 2.5 miles west of
the study area. No date is
associated with this record.
Suitable coastal scrub vegetation
is present, roosting opportunity is
limited to a few palm trees and
eucalyptus.
Lasiurus
blossevillii
western red
bat
None/SSC/No
ne
Forest, woodland,
riparian, mesquite
bosque, and orchards,
including fig, apricot,
peach, pear, almond,
walnut, and orange;
roosts in tree canopy
Moderate potential to occur on
site. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 2003,
is 9.2 miles north of the project
site. There is potential for this
species to roost in the few palm
trees and eucalyptus on site.
Lepus
californicus
bennettii
San Diego
black-tailed
jackrabbit
None/SSC/
None
Arid habitats with open
ground; grasslands,
coastal scrub,
agriculture, disturbed
areas, and rangelands
High potential to occur. The
nearest CNDDB record of
occurrence, collected in 2002, is
1 mile northeast of the study
area. Suitable coastal scrub
vegetation is present on site.
Neotoma
lepida
intermedia
San Diego
desert
woodrat
None/SSC/
None
Coastal scrub, desert
scrub, chaparral, cacti,
rocky areas
Moderate potential to occur. The
nearest CNDDB record of
occurrence, collected in 2003, is
0.6 miles south of the study area.
Suitable coastal scrub and cacti
vegetation present on site;
however, the area lacks records
of this species (Tremor 2017).
Perognathus
longimembris
pacificus
Pacific
pocket
mouse
FE/SSC/
None
fine-grained sandy
substrates in open
coastal strand, coastal
Not expected to occur. The only
location where this subspecies
occurs in San Diego County is at
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 30 JUNE 2023
Table 5. Special Status Wildlife Species Observed On Site or With Moderate to High
Potential to Occur On Site
Scientific
Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/
State/MSCP)
Primary Habitat
Associations/ Life
Form/ Blooming
Period/ Elevation
Range (feet) Potential to Occur
dunes, and river
alluvium
Camp Pendleton and Santa
Margarita (Tremor 2017).
Source: Appendix G; iNaturalist 2021; Tremor 2007
Note: amsl = above mean sea level; CNDDB = California Natural Diversity Database; FE: Federally listed as endangered; FT: Federally
listed as threatened; BCC: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Bird of Conservation Concern; SSC: California Species of Special Concern; WL:
California Watch List species; SE: State listed as endangered; Covered: covered species under the MSCP
Least Bell’s vireo (Vireo bellii pusillus), Federally Endangered, State Endangered. Least Bell’s vireo is federally listed
as endangered, state-listed as endangered, and an MSCP Covered Species. The breeding range of least Bell’s vireo
includes coastal and inland Southern California (including the western edge of Southern California’s southern deserts),
a small area within California’s Central Valley, and extreme northern Baja California, Mexico. Least Bell’s vireo overwinters
primarily along southern Baja California (Kus 2002). Least Bell’s vireo primarily occupy riverine riparian habitats along
water, including dry portions of intermittent streams that typically provide dense cover within 1 to 2 meters (3.3 to 6.6
feet) off the ground, often adjacent to a complex, stratified canopy. Least Bell’s vireo nesting habitats in cismontane and
coastal areas include southern willow scrub; mulefat scrub; arroyo willow riparian forest edge; wild blackberry thickets;
and more rarely, cottonwood forest, sycamore alluvial woodland, and southern coast live oak riparian forest. A single
individual was observed at the study area during 2021 surveys. They are assumed to be nesting in the Otay River.
Cooper’s hawk (Accipiter cooperii), Federal Bird of Conservation Concern. Cooper’s hawk is found in many regions
of California, primarily in wooded habitats. It is listed as an MSCP Covered Species and appears on CDFW’s Special
Animals list (CDFW 2021d). It nests and forages in dense stands of live oak and riparian communities, often near
water, and is rarely found in areas that lack wooded habitat. A single individual was observed on site during focused
surveys conducted in 2021. Similar observations were recorded in 2007 (Appendix G).
Wrentit (Chamaea fasciata), Federal Bird of Conservation Concern. The wrentit is listed on the USFWS’s 2021 Birds
of Conservation Concern list. This species is often found in chaparral and woodland communities on California’s coasts
and in the interior mountain regions. A single individual was observed at the study area during 2021 focused surveys.
Yellow warbler (Setophaga petechia), Species of Special Concern. Yellow warbler is a Species of Special Concern. It
nests and forages in riparian and oak woodlands, montane chaparral, open ponderosa pine, and mixed -conifer
habitats. It was only detected once despite numerous surveys onsite, and likely nests in the Otay River and
occasionally uses the drainages onsite for foraging.
Orange-throated whiptail (Aspidoscelis hyperythra), Watch List. Orange-throated whiptail is a lizard that occurs in
scrub, chaparral, and valley-foothill hardwood. Several were observed during the 2023 surveys in the maritime
succulent scrub.
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4.5.2.1 Coastal California Gnatcatcher Focused Survey Results
A coastal California gnatcatcher California Natural Diversity Database occurrence has been recorded within 1 mile of the
study area to the east (Figure 5) and suitable habitat exists on site. No coastal California gnatcatcher were detected
within the study area during focused protocol surveys in 2021. Two pair of gnatcatcher were detected during the 2007
focused surveys (Appendix G). While not detected during the 2021 surveys, there is suitable nesting habitat on site and
the site is considered potential habitat for this species. Details regarding the 2021 on-site and off-site surveys can be
found in the focused survey report in Appendix H, Coastal California Gnatcatcher Protocol Survey Reports.
4.5.2.2 Crotch Bumble Bee Focused Surv ey Results
No Crotch bumble bees were detected onsite. One Vosnesensky bumble bee (Bombus vosnesenskii) was observed
during one of the surveys. Vosnesensky bumble bee is a very common, widespread bumble bee in the Western U.S. On
site, small mammal burrows and brush piles were checked for signs of bumble bee nesting activity. No bumble bee nests
were detected. There is one Crotch bumble bee record approximately 1.6 miles south of the project site reported in 2017,
as well as two others from 2017 and 2021 approximately 5 miles from the site, all reported in iNaturalist (Richardson
2023). The closest CNDDB records for this species are located 6.6 miles and 7 miles from the site (CDFW 2023b).
Given the lack of observations of Crotch bumble bees or potential bumble bee nests, this species does not occur on site.
4.5.3 Sensitive Vegetation Communities
Sensitive habitats are those that are considered rare within the region, support special -status plant and/or wildlife
species, or are important to provide connections for wildlife movement. The City of Chula Vista defines sensitive
biological resources as those that contain natural vegetation; that are identified as Tier I, II, or III on Table 5-3 of
the Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan; and/or that are wetlands identified in Table 5-6 of the Chula Vista MSCP
Subarea Plan. Habitat types found on the study area that are considered sensitive include maritime succulent
scrub, unvegetated stream, and tamarisk scrub (Table 2; Figure 3).
Maritime Succulent Scrub
Maritime succulent scrub is considered a sensitive vegetation community by the Chula Vista MSCP Subarea P lan
because it supports species that are covered under the plan.
Tamarisk Scrub
Tamarisk scrub is considered a sensitive vegetation community by the Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan because it
supports species that are covered under the plan and because of it s function as a wetland community under the
plan. In addition, this vegetation community is regulated by CDFW as riparian habitat.
Jurisdictional Resources
Three drainages occur in the study area. These drainages are considered waters that may be regulated by USACE,
RWQCB, and CDFW and flow into the Otay River. These waters are described in greater detail in Section 4.2,
Jurisdictional Waters and Wetlands. Tamarisk scrub is also found on site and regulated by CDFW as riparian habitat
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and the City under the Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan Wetlands Protection Program. Two erosional features may
be regulated by RWQCB.
4.5.4 Wildlife Corridors and Habitat Linkages
Wildlife corridors are linear features that connect large patches of natural open space and provide avenues for the
immigration and emigration of animals. Wildlife corridors contribute to population viability through the following:
1. Ensuring the continual exchange of genes between populations, which helps maintain genetic diversity
2. Providing access to adjacent habitat areas, representing additional territory for foraging and mating
3. Allowing for a greater carrying capacity
4. Providing routes for colonization of habitat lands following local population extinctions or habitat recovery
from ecological catastrophes (e.g., fires)
Habitat linkages are patches of native habitat that function to join two larger patches of habitat. They serve as
connections between habitat patches and help reduce the adverse effects of habitat fragmentation. Although
individual animals may not move through a habitat linkage, the linkage does represent a potential route for gene
flow and long-term dispersal. Habitat linkages may serve as both habitat and avenues of gene flow for small animals
such as reptiles and amphibians. Habitat linkages may be represented by continuous patches of habitat or by
nearby habitat “islands” that function as “stepping stones” for dispersal.
The MSCP defines core and linkage areas as those maintaining ecosystem function and processes, including large
animal movement. Each core area is connected to other core areas or to habitat areas outside of the MSCP either
through common boundaries or through habitat linkages. Core areas have multiple connections to help ensure that
the balance in the ecosystem will be maintained.
The Otay River Valley provides a major wildlife corridor for the entire South Bay region (Figure 2). As such, the study
area sits near a major center for regional wildlife movement but is not a linkage or corridor itself. The southern
border of the project is less than 200 feet away from the active floodplain of the river as it flows west towards the
bay and species that spend all or a portion of their life cycle in the Otay River may use the site for foraging.
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5 Anticipated Project Impacts
This section addresses direct, indirect, and cumulative impacts to biological resources that would result from
implementation of the proposed project.
Direct impacts were quantified by overlaying the anticipated limits of grading on the biological resource s map and
quantifying impacts. The direct impacts are based on the limits of grading and the limits of the work area for the
offsite riprap modification areas.
Indirect Impacts result from adverse edge effects, either short-term indirect impacts related to construction, or long-
term, chronic indirect impacts associated with the location of urban development in proximity to biological resources
within natural open space. During construction of the project, short -term indirect impacts may include dust and
noise, which could disrupt habitat and species vitality temporarily, and construction -related soil erosion and runoff.
However, all project grading is subject to established restrictions and requirements that restrict erosion and runoff,
including the federal Clean Water Act and National Pollution Discharge Elimination System, as well as preparation
of a stormwater pollution prevention plan. These programs minimize project impacts to erosion/runoff. Long-term
indirect impacts to adjacent open space may include intrusions by humans and domestic pets, noise, lighting,
invasion by exotic plant and wildlife species, effects of toxic chemicals (e.g., fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, and
other hazardous materials), urban runoff from developed areas, soil erosion, litter, fire, and hydrological changes
(e.g., changes in groundwater level and quality).
Cumulative Impacts refer to incremental individual environmental effects of two or more projects when considered
together. These impacts taken individually may be minor but become collectively significant as they occur over time.
Cumulative impacts will be discussed in the CEQA document.
5.1 Explanation of Findings of Significance
Impacts to sensitive habitats, special-status plants, and special-status wildlife species must be quantified and
analyzed to determine whether such impacts are significant under CEQA. CEQA Guidelines Section 15064(b) states
that an ironclad definition of “significant” effect is not possible because the significance of an activity may vary with
the setting. Appendix G of the Guidelines, however, does provide “examples of consequences which may be deemed
to be a significant effect on the environment” (Guidelines Section 15064[e]). These effects include substantial
effects on rare or endangered species of animal or plant or the habitat of the species. Guidelines Section 15065(a)
is also helpful in defining whether a project may have “a significant effect on the environment.” Under that section,
a proposed project may have a significant effect on t he environment if the project has the potential to:
1 Substantially degrade the quality of the environment
2 Substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species
3 Cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels
4 Threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community
5 Reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal
6 Eliminate important examples of the major period of California history or prehistory
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The evaluation of whether or not an impact to a particular biological resource is significant must consider both the
resource itself and the role of that resource in a regional context. Substantial impacts are those that contribute to, or
result in, permanent loss of an important resource, such as a population of a rare plant or animal. Impacts may be
important locally because they result in an adverse alteration of existing site conditions, but considered not significant
because they do not contribute substantially to the permanent loss of that resource regionally. The severity of an impact
is the primary determinant of whether or not that impact can be mitigated to a level below significant.
5.2 Direct Impacts
5.2.1 Impacts to Vegetation Communities at the Project Site
Implementation of the proposed project would result in permanent impacts to 14.44 acres of the project site (both on-
site and off-site areas), including 13.98 acres of upland areas. See Figure 6, Impacts to Biological Resources. Figure 7A
shows the project site plan depicting proposed roads, facilities, parking, etc. Figure 7B shows the riprap modifications.
Impacts to native upland vegetation communities and wetlands habitats are considered significant under the
Subarea Plan and in accordance with the HLIT Ordinance require mitigation (Subarea Plan Tables 5-3 and 5-6) (City
of Chula Vista 2003). Sensitive vegetation communities to be permanently impacted within the project site include
maritime succulent scrub, tamarisk scrub, and unvegetated channel. The impacts to tamarisk scrub and
unvegetated channel are described in Section 5.2.4. Impacts to sensitive vegetation communities (as noted in
Table 6) are considered significant (Impact BIO-1) and would be reduced to a less-than-significant level by virtue of
the biological mitigation (See Mitigation Measure [MM]-1). In addition, the Project will be required to obtain a HLIT
permit, in accordance with the HLIT Ordinance, as described in MM-2. The required findings for issuance of an HLIT
permit are included in Appendix F.
Vegetation communities that are considered to be sensitive by the City are listed as wetlands or classified as Tier I through
Tier III (City of Chula Vista 2003). Table 6 includes the summary of impacts to upland vegetation communities and land
covers. These communities are expected to be directly impacted, since project activities will result in soil disturbance
and grading. Impacts to the City wetlands and regulated waters are described in Section 5.2.4.
Table 6. Impacts and Mitigation Requirements for Upland Vegetation Communities
and Land Cover
Habitat Type Impacts (Ac.)
HLIT Habitat
Tier/Type
MSCP Mitigation
Ratio
Upland Required
Mitigation (Ac.)
Maritime succulent scrub 13.53 I 1:1 13.53
Disturbed Habitat 0.45 IV NA 0
Total 13.98 -- -- 13.53
Notes: HLIT = Habitat Loss and Incidental Take (Ordinance); MSCP = Multiple Species Conservation Program
Direct, temporary impacts could occur to native vegetation east of the project site if work extends beyond the approved
limits of grading due to lack of adequate construction fencing. This could result in significant impacts to vegetation
communities that are not covered under the proposed project, which would be a significant impact (Impact BIO-2). This
potential impact would be reduced to less than significant through implementation of MM-3 and MM-4.
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5.2.2 Special-Status Plant Species
Implementation of the proposed project would result in the direct loss of special-status plant species occurring
within the project site, as discussed in Section 4.5.1. Six special-status plant species were recorded at the project
site during focused surveys conducted in 2021 and 2022.
Impacts to special-status plants with CRPR 1 or 2 that are not covered under the MSCP are considered significant (Impact
BIO-3). The proposed project would result in impacts to 239 California adolphia and 20 singlewhorl burrobrush. These
impacts would be reduced to less than significant through implementation of MM-1, which requires the mitigation land
to support these special-status species or provide relocation and/or re-seeding of these plants. Plants with a CRPR 3 are
plants that need review and are taxonomically problematic; plants with a CRPR 4 are uncommon in California with limited
distribution but are not considered extirpated, rare, or endangered. These are not considered rare from a statewide
perspective and thus impacts to these species are not considered a significant impact.
Covered plants under the MSCP are considered adequately conserved by virtue of implementing the Subarea Plan.
No additional measures are required for San Diego barrel cactus since that is a covered species; however, the
applicant will salvage and translocate the 14 impacted species to the mitigation site per the request of CDFW.
Additional measures are required under the conditions of coverage for San Diego ambrosia. Impacts to San Diego
ambrosia (Narrow Endemic) exceed the allowable 20% of the population on site and therefore require mitigation to
demonstrate a superior biological preservation alternative. MM-1 requires the mitigation land to establish San Diego
ambrosia at a 2:1 mitigation ratio. Therefore, impacts to Covered plants would be reduced to less than significant
through implementation of mitigation measures.
Direct, temporary impacts could occur to special-status plants, if present in the native vegetation east of the project
site, if work extends beyond the approved limits of grading. This could result in significant impacts to special-status
plants that are not covered under the proposed project, which would be a significant impact (Impact BIO-4). This
potential impact would be reduced to less than significant through implementation of MM-3 and MM-4.
5.2.3 Special-Status Wildlife Species
Implementation of the proposed project could result in the direct loss of habitat for the special-status wildlife
species discussed in Section 4.5.2. Figure 3 shows the special-status wildlife species occurrences on site and
Figure 5 shows the CNDDB records within 1 mile of the study area.
Impacts to habitat for special-status wildlife species observed or listed as having a moderate to high potential to occur
within the study area that are not covered under the MSCP are considered significant (Impact BIO-5). These impacts
would be reduced to less than significant through habitat preservation (MM-1 and MM-2 would preserve habitat for
wildlife species) and avoiding direct and indirect impacts to nesting birds (MM-5).
Covered wildlife species under the MSCP are considered adequately conserved by virtue of implementing the Subarea
Plan. Significant impacts would occur if the proposed project did not implement species-specific conditions of coverage
(Impact BIO-6). MM-1 and MM-2 would preserve habitat for wildlife species and MM-5 would be implemented to adhere
to the conditions of coverage, which are summarized in Section 5.2.6, Consistency with Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan.
These impacts would be reduced to less than significant through implementation of the mitigation measures.
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Direct, temporary impacts could occur to special-status wildlife species or their habitat, if present in the native
vegetation east of the project site, if work extends beyond the approved limits of grading due to lack of adequate
construction fencing. This could result in significant impacts to special-status wildlife species or their habitat that
are not covered under the proposed project, which would be a significant impact (Impact BIO-7). This potential
impact would be reduced to less than significant through implementation of MM-3 and MM-4, which requires
installation of construction fencing and pre-construction meetings with the contractor and biologist .
The MBTA prohibits the take of any migratory bird or any part, nest, or eggs of any such bird. Under the MBTA, “take”
is defined as pursuing, hunting, shooting, capturing, collectin g, killing, or attempting to commit any of these acts
(16 U.S.C. 703 et seq.). Additionally, Executive Order 13186, Responsibilities of Federal Agencies to Protect
Migratory Birds, requires that any project with federal involvement address impacts of feder al actions on migratory
birds with the purpose of promoting conservation of migratory bird populations (66 FR 3853 –3856). The executive
order requires federal agencies to work with the USFWS to develop a memorandum of understanding. The USFWS
reviews actions that might affect these species. Fish and Game Code 3503 affords protection over the destruction
of nests or eggs of native bird species. If any active nests or the young of nesting special-status bird species are
impacted through direct grading, these impacts would be considered significant, absent mitigation (Impact BIO-8).
Impacts to potential nesting covered species shall be mitigated through avoidance of clearing occupied habitat
between February 15 and September 14 (avoidance of nesting season) or conducting a pre-construction survey for
nesting birds (MM-5).
5.2.4 Jurisdictional Waters and Wetlands
Impacts to jurisdictional aquatic resources would occur as a result of the project as shown on Figure 6 and
summarized in Table 7 The proposed project would result in impacts to jurisdictional aquatic resources within the
project. Impacts to jurisdictional waters and wetlands are considered significant (Impact BIO-9); however, through
implementation of MM-1, MM-2, and MM-6, these impacts would be reduced to less than significant.
Table 7. Impacts to City Wetlands and Jurisdictional Wetlands and Waters at the
Project Site
Wetlands Vegetation
Community/Water Feature Jurisdict ion
Total
Impacts
(Ac.)
Mitigation
Ratio
Required
Mitigation
(Ac.)
Tamarisk scrub (riparian) CDFW; City 0.36 1:1 0.36
Unvegetated channel USACE/CDFW/RWQCB
Non-wetlands waters
0.09 1:1 0.09
Maritime succulent scrub (top of
bank)
CDFW 0 1:1 0
Erosional Feature RWQCB Non-wetland
waters
0.01 1:1 0.01
Total 0.46 -- 0.46
Direct, temporary impacts could occur to jurisdictional aquatic resources east of the project site if work extends
beyond the approved limits of grading due to lack of adequate construction fencing. This could result in significant
impacts to aquatic resources that are not covered under the proposed project, which would be a significant impact
(Impact BIO-10). This potential impact would be reduced to less than significant through implementation of MM-3
and MM-4.
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Section 5.2.4 of the Subarea Plan states that development projects are required to demonstrate that impacts to
wetlands have been avoided or minimized to the greatest extent practicable. The entir e project site will be impacted
as a result of proposed activities and therefore no feasible avoidance or minimization is realistically practicable.
5.2.5 Habitat Linkages/Movement Corridors
The project lies near the Otay River Valley which supports a large riparian zone that extends to the north and south
of the river’s channel. The river is located south of the project, outside the Development Area, separated from the
site by the approximately 100-foot wide Main Street. As such, the study area sits near a major center for regional
wildlife movement but is not a linkage or corridor itself. The proposed direct impacts associated with construction
of the buildings would occur within the limits of the project site north of Main Street and the project will not adversely
affect the habitat connectivity or wildlife movement functions of the Otay River.
The riprap modification will occur in two small areas (0.07 acres and 0.08 acres) immediately south of Main Street
near the Otay River. This work will be contained within the small work areas as all equipment will operate entirely
from Main Street. The riprap will be placed at existing headwall structures with the riprap extending approximately
10 feet from Main Street. The work is taking place in already disturbed areas with some encroaching into tamarisk
scrub. There are no long-term activities associated with this activity. The Otay River will still remain a regional wildlife
movement, with wildlife likely using the more interior portions of the river rather than alongside the road where the
activities will occur.
Therefore, there are no significant impacts to wildlife corridors or habitat linkages.
5.3 Indirect Impacts
5.3.1 Vegetation Communities
Four vegetation communities and landcovers–maritime succulent scrub, tamarisk scrub, disturbed habitat, and
unvegetated stream–occur on the project site. Outside the project’s boundaries, the site is surrounded by
commercial facilities and roadway on all sides except for some non-native grassland habitat that borders the
project’s eastern edge. Indirect impacts to this vegetation community would primarily result from adverse edge
effects. During construction of the project, edge effects may include dust, whic h could disrupt plant vitality in the
short term, as well as construction-related soil erosion and runoff.
However, in accordance with the City’s Subarea Plan and the City’s Best Management Practices (BMP) Design
Manual (City of Chula Vista 2003), projects are required to implement site design, source control, and treatment
control BMPs. As part of the project development , projects will be required to meet National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System regulations with the RWQCB, incorporate BMPs during c onstruction, and install permanent
BMPs as defined by the BMP Design Manual. With implementation of construction discharge water quality BMPs
and other standard construction BMPs these short -term indirect impacts are not expected. Thus, implementation
of the proposed project is not expected to indirectly impact any adjacent vegetation communities.
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5.3.2 Special-Status Plant Species
The indirect impacts to vegetation communities noted above can also affect special -status plants. The
implementation of the stated measures would serve eliminate impacts to off-site special-status plant species.
5.3.3 Special-Status Wildlife Species
Indirect impacts associated with the project could affect special -status wildlife. However, with implementation of
required construction discharge water quality BMPs, other standard construction BMPs (including dust control, use
of approved access and staging areas, use of trash receptacles, sediment control measures, and more) these short -
term indirect impacts are not expected.
In addition, wildlife may be indirectly affected in the short -term and long-term by noise and lighting which can disrupt
normal activities and subject wildlife to higher predation risks. Breeding birds can be affected by short-term
construction-related noise, which can result in the disruption of foraging, nesting, and reproductive activities.
The disturbed habitat surrounding the study area may support habitat for nesting birds. Indirect impacts from
construction-related noise may occur to nesting birds if construction occurs during the breeding season (i.e.,
February 15 through September 14 for most bird species). These impacts would be considered significant, absent
mitigation (Impact BIO-5). Impacts to potential nesting covered species shall be mitigated through avoidance of
clearing occupied habitat between February 15 and August September 14 (avoidance of nesting season) or
conducting a pre-construction survey for nesting birds (MM-5).
5.3.4 Jurisdictional Resources
The potential short-term indirect impacts to vegetation communities described above also apply to off -site
jurisdictional waters only. On-site waters would be 100% impacted and the offsite riprap modifications would result
in additional impacts to non-wetland waters and riparian areas. Potential edge effects to any jurisdictional aquatic
resources outside of the study area are not anticipated since BMPs will be incorporated into the proposed project
work area to eliminate any indirect impacts (e.g., dust, erosion, and runoff) to jurisdictional waters. Indirect project
impacts will be further minimized in compliance with any agency permits that are issued for construction.
5.3.5 Habitat Linkages/Movement Corridors
The Otay River Valley is south of the project site. Implementation of the project would only result in direct impacts
to the project site and the site is at least 100 feet away from the Otay River, separated by Main Street, a wide and
busy road. No indirect impacts to the Otay River are anticipated and because the site does not abut the preserve,
the project is not subject to the Adjacency Management Issues.
The offsite riprap modification areas are located immediately south of Main Street near the edge of the Otay River.
This work will be contained within the small work areas as all equipment will operate entirely from Main Street. The
riprap will be placed at existing headwall structures with the riprap extending approximately 10 feet from Main
Street. The work is taking place in already disturbed areas with some encroaching into tamarisk scrub. All of the
potential short-term indirect impacts and associated minimization measures described for vegetation communities
and jurisdictional resources would apply to these activities. There are no long-term activities associated with this
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activity and the work is consistent with the Adjacency Management Issues (see Section 5.4.3); therefore, there are
no long-term indirect impacts.
5.4 Consistency with Regional Resource Planning
5.4.1 Chula Vista Multiple Species Conservation Program
Subarea Plan
The proposed project design is consistent with the MSCP Subarea Plan through specific adherence to
mitigation/conveyance requirements for Development Projects Outside of Covered Projects as defined in the City
MSCP Subarea Plan. As noted in Section 1, Introduction, the project is located within the Dev elopment Area of the
City Planning Component as identified in the Subarea Plan and as such has not been identified as a strategic
preserve area within the City nor is it located within a designated conservation area/preserve. The project site is
separated from the Otay River preserve by Main Street, and therefore, is not subject to the Adjacency Management
Issues. The offsite riprap modification within the Preserve is consistent with the Adjacency Management Issues (see
Section 5.4.3). Overall, the proposed project is consistent with the goals and objectives of the City’s Subarea Plan.
Land uses within the Preserve are limited to those uses which are considered compatible with the need to
permanently protect Covered Species and their habitats. The offsite r iprap modification activities are described in
Section 5.4.2.
Table 8 includes a list of the plant and wildlife species observed or with potential to occur on site that are Covered
species under the MSCP and their conditions of coverage from Table 3-5 of the Subarea Plan.
Table 8. Conditions of Coverage under City of Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan
Species Conditions of Coverage Project Compliance
Plants
San Diego thorn-mint This species is covered because all major
populations with in the MHPA and each of the
8 major populations will be conserved from
80%–100%. Area-specific management
directives must include monitoring of
transplanted populations and specific
measures to protect against detrimental edge
effects.
This species does not occur on
site.
San Diego ambrosia This species is covered because 90% of the
only major population (Mission Trails Regional
Park) in the MSCP will be conserved and the
adjoining population at the radio tower site will
be 100% conserved. If more than 10% of the
population at Mission Trails Regional Park is
impacted, this species will no longer be a
covered species. Area-specific management
directives must include monitoring of
transplanted populations and specific
These area-specific management
directives are specific to preserves
and does not apply to the project
site. While the impacts to narrow
endemics may be covered, they
are subject to additional
provisions, including additional
analysis and mitigation for impacts
beyond policy thresholds. San
Diego ambrosia will be mitigated
at a 2:1 ratio through
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Table 8. Conditions of Coverage under City of Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan
Species Conditions of Coverage Project Compliance
measures to protect against detrimental edge
effects.
establishment at the mitigation
site within the Preserve, resulting
in a superior biological
preservation.
Snake cholla This species is covered because 75% of major
population and 67% of southern maritime
chaparral will be conserved. Area-specific
management directives must include
monitoring of transplanted populations and
specific measures to protect against
detrimental edge effects. The Otay Ranch RMP
and GDP require protection of 80% of existing
occurrences and transplantation.
This species does not occur on
site.
Otay tarplant This species is covered because 66% of major
populations will be conserved. MSCP coverage
requires avoidance of populations in the Otay
River Valley through sensitive design and
development of the active recreation areas as
described in the Otay Ranch RMP and GDP.
Area-specific management directives must
include monitoring of populations and specific
measures to protect against detrimental edge
effects.
This species does not occur on
site.
Variegated dudleya This species is covered because 56% of major
population and 75% of known localities will be
conserved. Area-specific management
directives must include monitoring of
transplanted populations and specific
measures to protect against detrimental edge
effects.
This species does not occur on
site.
San Diego barrel cactus This species is covered because 81% of major
populations will be conserved. Area-specific
management directives must include
monitoring of transplanted populations and
specific measures to protect against
detrimental edge effects.
These area-specific management
directives are specific to preserves
and does not apply to the project
site. This species is considered
adequately covered and does not
require additional mitigation.
However, the applicant will
salvage and translocate the San
Diego barrel cactus to the
mitigation site.
Wildlife
Orange-throated
whiptail
This species is covered because 59% of its
potential habitat and 62% of known point
occurrences will be conserved. Area-specific
management directives must address edge
effects.
These area-specific management
directives are specific to preserves
and does not apply to the project
site. This species is considered
adequately covered and does not
require additional mitigation.
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Table 8. Conditions of Coverage under City of Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan
Species Conditions of Coverage Project Compliance
Blainville's horned
lizard
This species is covered because 60% of its
potential habitat and 63% of known point
occurrences will be conserved. Area-specific
management directives must include specific
measures to maintain native ant species,
discourage the Argentine ant, and protect
against detrimental edge effects.
These area-specific management
directives are specific to preserves
and does not apply to the project
site. This species is considered
adequately covered and does not
require additional mitigation.
Cooper's hawk
This species is covered because 59% of its
potential foraging habitat, 52% of potential
nesting habitat, and 57% of known
occurrences will be conserved. Area-specific
management directives must include 300-foot
impact avoidance areas around active nests
and minimization of disturbance in oak
woodlands and oak riparian forests.
While potential to nest on site is
low, the proposed project includes
pre-construction nesting bird
surveys within the project site and
would establish a 300-foot
avoidance area around active
nests if found within the project
site (MM-5).
Southern California
rufous-crowned
sparrow
This species is conserved because 61% of
potential habitat will be conserved. Area-
specific management directives must include
maintenance of dynamic processes, such as
fire, to perpetuate some open phases of
coastal sage scrub with herbaceous
components.
These area-specific management
directives are specific to preserves
and does not apply to the project
site. This species is considered
adequately covered and does not
require additional mitigation.
Coastal cactus wren This species is covered because four of five
major populations are conserved and 60% of
potential habitat will be conserved. No clearing
of occupied habitat may occur from the period
of February 15 through August 15.
If found during the pre-
construction nesting bird surveys,
no clearing of occupied habitat will
occur between February 15 and
September 14 (MM-5).
Additionally, maritime succulent
scrub will be mitigated at a 1:1
ratio in accordance with the MSCP
Subarea Plan (MM-1 and MM-2).
Coastal California
gnatcatcher
This species is covered because over 73,000
acres of existing and potential gnatcatcher
habitat will be conserved, 81% of the core
areas will be conserved, and 65% of the known
locations will be conserved. Area-specific
management directives must include
measures to reduce edge effects and minimize
disturbance during the nesting period. No
clearing of occupied habitat within the cities’
MHPAs BRCA may occur between March 1 and
August 15.
The project site is not located
within a MHPA or BRCA. If found
during the pre-construction
nesting bird surveys, no clearing of
occupied habitat will occur
between March 1 and August 15
(MM-5). Additionally, maritime
succulent scrub will be mitigated
at a 1:1 ratio in accordance with
the MSCP Subarea Plan (MM-1
and MM-2).
Least Bell's vireo This species is covered because 1,700 acres of
potential habitat will be conserved. Protocol
surveys will be conducted as part of the CEQA
review process. Measures included in state
and/or federal permitting will apply to the
While potential to nest on site is
low, the proposed project includes
pre-construction nesting bird
surveys within the project site and
would avoid clearing of occupied
habitat between March 16 and
September 14 (MM-5). The offsite
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Table 8. Conditions of Coverage under City of Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan
Species Conditions of Coverage Project Compliance
project. Any clearing of occupied must occur
between September 15 and March 15.
riprap modifications would occur
adjacent to suitable nesting
habitat and is subject to the
measures described in MM-5.
Notes: BRCA = Biological Resource Core Areas; CEQA = California Environmental Quality Act; GDP = general devel opment plan; MM =
mitigation measure; MSCP = Multiple Species Conservation Program; RMP = resource management plan
5.4.2 Equivalency Analysis for Narrow Endemic Species
Equivalency finding requirements are provided in Section 5.2.3.6 of the Subarea Plan. Equivalency findings are
required when a project results in impacts to covered Narrow Endemic Species beyond the threshold limits
identified in the Subarea Plan. The prop osed project would result in a net loss of Narrow Endemic plants
(San Diego ambrosia) within the project area but would provide compensation for the species through off -site
mitigation within a Preserve.
1 Definition of the project area.
The project is the development of three vacant parcels, Parcels 1 and 2 of Parcel Map 21587 (APNs 644-050-13
and 644-050-14, respectively) and a portion of Lot 2, Section 20, Township 18 South, Range 1 West, San
Bernardino Meridian (APN 644-050-08). A proposed lot line adjustment (LLA21-0007) will adjust the common
property line between Parcel 2 and a portion of Lot 2. Once the lot line adjustment is complete, the resultant parcels
Parcel 1 of PM 21587 and Parcel A of Adjustment Plat LLA21 -0007 will have a combined net area of 13.31 acres.
2 A written description of the project.
The proposed includes the development of two parcels with four buildings, construction of a driveway to access
the project, slope stabilization. Off-site trenching activities will occur in Nirvana Avenue for sewer and water laterals
and in Main Street for Fire laterals and storm drain connections. Riprap modification is required on the south side of
Main Street where the western and middle drainages outlet toward the Otay River. The modifications at these locations
will add riprap to dissipate energy as a result of estimated increased runoff. Mitigation for the site has been
preliminarily identified through habitat restoration with the Preserve.
3. A written description of biological information available for the project site including the results of Narrow
Endemic surveys.
Please refer to Section 4 of this report for a written description of biological information available for the project
area. One Narrow Endemic plant species w as detected within the project area: San Diego ambrosia (also listed
as federally endangered). There are approximately 500 San Diego ambrosia mapped within the project site, which
is entirely impacted . No additional Narrow Endemic species occur on site.
4. Written finding of infeasibility of total avoidance of Narrow Endemic species’ population(s).
Based on the steep slopes and slope stabilization required in order to achieve a factor of safety for grading the
site, it would be infeasible to modify the site plan and still be able to develop the site . As described in this report,
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this project area is identified as a Development Area in the Subarea Plan. The riprap modifications are located
within the 100% Preserve areas. There are no rare plants, including Narrow Endemic species, within the 100%
Preserve areas.
5. Quantification of impacts to Narrow Endemic Species associated with the project including direct and
indirect effects.
There are approximately 500 San Diego ambrosia mapped within the impact area. There are no indirect impacts
since the entire population would be impacted.
6. A written description of project design features that reduce indirect effects such as edge treatments,
landscaping, elevation differences; minimization; and/or compensation through restoration or enhancement.
During construction of the project, edge effects may include dust, which could disrupt plant vitality in the short term,
as well as construction-related soil erosion and runoff. MM-3 requires temporary construction fencing to ensure no
impacts occur outside the approved impact footprint.
Additionally, in accordance with the City’s Subarea Plan and the City’s Best Management Practices (BMP) Design
Manual (City of Chula Vista 2003), projects are required to implement site design, source control, and treatment
control BMPs. As part of the project development , projects will be required to meet National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System regulations with the RWQCB, incorporate BMPs during construction, and install permanent
BMPs as defined by the BMP Design Manual. With implementation of construction discharge water quality BM Ps
and other standard construction BMPs these short -term indirect impacts are not expected. Thus, implementation
of the proposed project is not expected to indirectly impact any adjacent populations Narrow Endemic plant species,
if present.
7. Description of measures proposed to compensate for identified impacts in a manner that demonstrates
that the proposed design including compensation would result in a long -term Preserve design for the
species of concern that is functionally equivalent to or better than the Preserve design that would occur in
the absence of the identified impact. The equivalency analysis will be based on the particular requirements
of the species of concern.
The upland mitigation will occur through habitat restoration to create maritime succulent scrub within the Otay
Ranch Preserve. The restoration will provide compensatory mitigation for maritime succulent scrub at a 1:1
mitigation ratio. The mitigation sites include areas that are identified as suitable to support the establishment of
San Diego ambrosia at a 2:1 mitigation ratio. This includes suitable soils, topography, elevation and associated
vegetation. The Resource Salvage Plan shall, at a minimum, evaluate options for plant salvage and relocation, native
plant mulching, selective soil salvaging, application of plant materials on manufactured slopes, and
application/relocation of resources within the mitigation site. The Resource Salvage Plan shall include incorporation
of relocation and/or establishment of San Diego ambrosia at the mitigation site. Relocation efforts may include
establishment and/or transplantation to the mitigation site and will be based on the most reliable methods of
successful relocation of San Diego Ambrosia on other translocation projects, ultimately achieving a functionally
equivalent or better Preserve design. The Resource Salvage Plan shall also contain recommendations for methods of
establishment, salvage and/or relocation/application based on feasibility of implementation and likelihood of
success. The Resource Salvage Plan shall include, at a minimum, an implementation plan, maintenance and
monitoring program, success criteria, estimated completion time, and any relevant contingency measures.
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The mitigation sites chosen within the Otay Ranch Preserve would achieve a greater Preserve design because it will
1) include restoration of disturbed habitat, consisting of either non-native grassland or heavily disturbed scrub with
minimal native vegetation; 2) have appropriate rocky clay loam soils suitable for maritime succulent scrub; and 3)
have appropriate exposures for maritime succulent scrub, with south or west facing slopes, or areas that are relatively
flat and on fully exposed landscapes. The sites chosen include the appropriate microhabitats to support the
establishment of San Diego ambrosia which will in turn allow for natural expansion of this species within the Preserve
which is already afforded long-term conservation.
The three sites identified for restoration are adjacent to existing restoration or managed preserves. One of the sites is
specifically designed to complement the proposed Phase 2 Otay Valley Wetland Mitigation Bank being planned by
HomeFed. The other two sites are near areas where the City’s Preserve Manager, RECON Environmental, has
conducted past maritime succulent scrub restoration. Therefore, the mitigation results in a functionally greater design,
and thus will be consistent with Section 5.2.3.6 of the Subarea Plan and the HLIT.
The restoration includes a 7-Year Restoration, Maintenance, and Monitoring Plan. An endowment shall be funded to
provide for the long-term management of these sites. The Otay Ranch Preserve relies on Community Facilities District
(CFD) taxes paid by the resident annually, and these funds primarily go for maintenance of the Preserve. There are no
other continuous funding sources other than the CFD, and because this funding is limited to maintenance, there is
limited ability to fund more expensive habitat enhancement and restoration activities. With this limited funding from
the CFD, the City is finding some habitat enhancement and restoration work need to be deferred.
The Nirvana project mitigation will provide the City and Otay Ranch Preserve with another resource to not only maintain
the Nirvana mitigation sites in perpetuity, but also fund enhancement and restoration in other areas of the Preserve
system. Because of this win-win opportunity for both the City and the Otay Ranch Preserve, the City of Chula Vista fully
supports the Nirvana project habitat restoration for mitigation in the Otay Ranch Preserve.
8. A summary conclusion, including findings of consistency with the applicable percentage criterion.
Based on the information summarized above, the proposed project will provide conservation of Covered Narrow
Endemic Species and restoration and enhancement of maritime succulent scrub within a Preserve. As described
above, the Otay Ranch Preserve is an underfunded Preserve lacking the necessary resources to provide adequate
maintenance, enhancement of native habitat, and regular monitoring of the Preserve. Through restoration in areas
identified for suitable maritime succulent scrub and San Diego ambrosia, combined with contributing to the CFD for
management of the restoration areas in the Preserve, the Preserve will achieve high quality habitat over the long term.
5.4.3 Future Facilities Siting Criteria
The offsite riprap modification will occur within a 100% Conservation Area. Section 6 of the Subarea Plan describes
the land uses that are allowed within the Preserve. This includes existing legal uses, compatible uses (i.e., Public
Access and Recreation, Preserve Management, Scientific and Biologic Activities, and Emergency, Safety and Police
Services), and conditionally compatible uses. The riprap modifications fall into the “conditionally compatible uses”
category. Section 6.3.3 of the Subarea Plan further differentiates these uses as “Planned Facilities” and “Future
Facilities.” There are no Planned Facilities associated with this project. Future Facilities are those facilities
necessary to support planned development that were not identified at the time of the Subarea Plan but were
anticipated to be required. Table 6-2 of the Subarea Plan identifies Future Facilities and Implementation Criteria.
These facilities include storm drain and flood control/detention facilities.
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Future Facilities located within the Preserve are subject to the Facilities Siting Criteria contained in Section 6.3.3.4
of the City’s MSCP Subarea Plan. Compliance with the Facilities Siting Criteria ensures that the facilities located
within the Preserve have been sited within the least environmentally sensitive areas and that impacts to the
Preserve have been minimized to the maximum extent practical.
The following is a summary of the Facilities Siting Criteria (Section 6.3.3.4 and Table 6 -1 of the Subarea Plan) as
required for the project’s Future Facilities:
1. Such facilities will be located in the least environmentally sensitive location feasible, and use existing roads,
trails and other disturbed areas, including use of the active recreation areas in the Otay River Valley, as
much as possible (except where such areas are occupied by the QCB [Quino checkerspot butterfly]).
Facilities should be routed through developed or developing areas where possible. If no other routing is
feasible, alignments should follow previously existing roads, easements, rights of way, and disturbed areas,
minimizing habitat fragmentation.
2. Such facilities shall avoid, to the maximum extent practicable, impacts to Covered Species and Wetlands, and
will be subject to the provisions, limits, and mitigation requirements for Narrow Endemic Species and Wetlands
pursuant to Section 5.2.3 and 5.2.4 of the Subarea Plan.
3. Where roads cross the Preserve, they should provide for wildlife movement in areas that are graphically
depicted on and listed in the MSCP Subregional Plan Generalized Core Biological Resource Areas and
Linkages map as a core biological area or a regional linkage between core biological areas. All roads
crossing the Preserve should be designed to result in the least impact feasible to Covered Species a nd
Wetlands. Where possible at wildlife crossings, road bridges for vehicular traffic rather than tunnels for
wildlife use will be employed. Culverts will only be used when they can achieve the wildlife
crossing/movement goals for a specific location. To the extent feasible, crossings will be designed as
follows: the substrate will be left in a natural condition or revegetated if soils engineering requirements
force subsurface excavation and vegetated with native vegetation if possible; a line -of-sight to the other
end will be provided; and if necessary, low-level illumination will be installed in the tunnel.
4. To minimize habitat disruption, habitat fragmentation, impediments to wildlife movement and impact to
breeding areas, road and/or right-of-way width shall be narrowed from existing City design and engineering
standards, to the maximum extent practicable. In addition, roads shall be located in lower quality habitat
or disturbed areas to the maximum extent practicable.
5. Impacts to Covered Species and habitats within the Preserve resulting from construction of Future Facilities
will be evaluated by the City during project review and permitting. The City may authorize Take for impacts
to Covered Species and habitats resulting from construction of Future Facili ties located outside the
Preserve, pursuant to the Subarea Plan and consistent with the Facility Siting Criteria in this Section.
6. The City may authorize “Take” for impacts to Covered Species resulting from construction of Future
Facilities located within the Preserve, subject to a limitation of 2 acres of impact for individual projects and
a cumulative total of 50 acres for all Future Facilities. Wildlife Agency concurrence will be required for
authorization of Take for any impacts to Covered Species and ha bitat within the Preserve that exceed 2
acres that may result from construction of any individual Future Facility. Wildlife Agency concurrence will
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be required for authorization of Take for impacts to Covered Species and habitat within the Preserve that
exceed 50 acres that may result from all Future Facilities combined.
7. Planned and Future Facilities must avoid impacts to covered Narrow Endemic Species and the QCB [Quino
checkerspot butterfly] to the maximum extent practicable. When such impacts cannot be a voided, Planned
and Future facilities located within the Preserve are subject to the provisions of Section 5.2.3.6 of the
Subarea Plan. Impacts to QCB that will result from construction of Planned and Future Facilities within the
Preserve are subject to the provisions of Section 5.2.8 of the Subarea Plan.
This section outlines the Future Facilities associated with the proposed project and how they adhere to the Facilities
Siting Criteria. The facilities necessary to support the proposed project were sited i n primarily disturbed habitat
adjacent to Main Street with equipment limited to working from the road. The riprap will be placed at the existing
headwall where flows outlet on the south side of Main Street. Because the proposed work is required for energy
dissipation associated with an estimated increase in flow within the existing channels, the flexibility to site the riprap
placement is limited. The least impactful approach is to place riprap at each headwall as shown on Figure 7B. The
work area is limited to the areas needed to prepare the areas and install the riprap; equipment will work from the
road in order to further reduce impacts from access.
The facilities were analyzed by overlaying potential Future Facility locations with biological resources, i ncluding
vegetation communities and jurisdictional aquatic resources. There are impacts to sensitive resources; however,
the effects of shifting or modifying the facilities to achieve the energy dissipation would have been more impactful.
5.4.3.1 Impact Summary for Future Facilities
The locations of the riprap modifications are shown on Figure 7B. These modifications would result in permanent
impacts to 0.15 acres of tamarisk scrub, unvegetated stream channel, and disturbed habitat (Table 9).
Table 9. Impacts to Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Associated with
Future Facilities
Habitat Type Impacts (Ac.)
Tamarisk Scrub 0.09
Unvegetated Stream Channel 0.02
Disturbed Habitat 0.04
Total 0.15
The western and middle drainage features continue south of the headwalls, and the riprap modifications would
result in permanent impacts to 0.11 acres of jurisdictional aquatic resources that are likely regulated by USACE,
RWQCB, and/or CDFW (Table 10).
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Table 10. Jurisdictional Wetlands and Waters at the Project Site Associated with
Future Facilities
Wetlands Vegetation Community/
Water Feature Jurisdiction Acres
Tamarisk scrub (riparian) CDFW; City 0.09
Unvegetated channel USACE/CDFW/RWQCB Non-wetlands waters 0.02
Total 0.11
There is no suitable habitat for coastal California gnatcatcher within the riprap modification areas and special -
status plants surveys were completed in April and June 2022.
The Otay River is known to support least Bell’s vireo, a Covered species. While it is unlikely to nest in the tamarisk
adjacent to Main Street, the riprap modification activities could result in indirect noise and human presence effects
if activities occurred during the nesting season.
Table 11 provides a summary of the facilities as they relate to the Facilities Siting Criteria.
Table 11. Summary Facilities Siting Criteria Detention Basin and Associated Facilities
Facilities Siting Criteria Riprap Modification
Least environmentally
sensitive location
The riprap will be placed at the existing headwalls at the base of the slope
immediately south of Main Street. A portion of each area is already disturbed.
They are placed as close to the existing road and away from the Otay River as
possible.
Avoid wetlands and
covered species and
address Narrow Endemic
Species
The riprap modification will be placed at existing headwalls where the drainages
outlet on the south side of Main Street and will result in impacts to 0.11 acres of
non-wetland waters and riparian areas. Alternative designs would likely result in
increased impacts to jurisdictional resources since the proposed location is sited
at the existing outlet and close to the road. There are no rare plants, including
Narrow Endemic species, within the riprap modification areas.
Provide for wildlife
movement
There are no proposed roads in the Preserve. Placement of the riprap will not
preclude wildlife from using the area since there is no barrier to movement by
wildlife.
Road widths are narrowed
and in lower quality habitat
N/A. There are no proposed roads.
Impacts to Covered
Species within the
Preserve
The City is evaluating these impacts and their consistency with the Future
Facilities Siting Criteria.
Future facilities are limited
to 2 acres or cumulative
total of 50 acres
The impacts associated with the riprap modification are 0.15 acres. The City
confirmed via email on May 11, 2022 that these impacts are within their
cumulative total limit of 50 acres.
Avoid impacts to covered
Narrow Endemic Species
and Quino Checkerspot
Butterfly
The riprap modification will not impact suitable quino checkerspot butterfly
habitat. There are no rare plants, including Narrow Endemic species, within the
riprap modification areas.
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5.4.3.2 Equivalency Analysis for Future Facilities
Equivalency finding requirements are contained in Section 5.2.3.6 of the Subarea Plan. Per the MSCP Subarea
Plan: “Impacts to covered Narrow Endemic Species from Planned and Future Facilities located within the 100%
Conservation Areas of Covered Projects w ill be avoided to the maximum extent practicable. Where impacts are
demonstrated to be unavoidable, impacts will be limited to 5% of the total Narrow Endemic Species population
within the Project Area. Findings of equivalency will be made by the City for s uch Take Authorization for covered
Narrow Endemic Species, pursuant to Section 5.2.3.6 of this Subarea Plan.” No Narrow Endemic Species occur
within the 100% Conservation Area.
The equivalency analysis for impacts to Narrow Endemic Species is described in Section 4.5.5.
5.4.4 Adjacency Management Issues
The offsite riprap modifications will be consistent with the Adjacency Management Issues per Section 7.5.2 of the
Subarea Plan. See Table 12.
Table 12. Adjacency Management Issues (Section 7.5.2)
Findings f or New
Development Analysis Consistency
Drainage The project will collect runoff from the new
development in private, on-site storm drain systems.
The collected runoff will be routed through a
hydrodynamic separator system for trash, debris, oil,
and sediment removal. Then, the collected runoff will
enter underground detention chambers that provide
peak storm water flow control (detention) to mimic pre-
development peak flow rates. Next, the attenuated
flows flow through proposed Modular Wetlands storm
water treatment devices, TAPE certified proprietary
biofiltration, which provide water quality treatment
prior to the runoff leaving the proposed project site.
Consistent
Toxic substances There are no agricultural or recreational uses on site
that would contribute potentially toxic substances into
the Preserve.
Consistent
Lighting All lighting associated with the project is separated
from the Preserve by Main Street and is not adjacent.
The offsite riprap modification would not have any
associated lighting and no work would be done at
night.
Consistent
Noise Temporary noise would be associated with the riprap
modification. Pre-construction surveys are required if
the work is done during the bird breeding season
(February 15 to September 14) and clearance
limitations and avoidance measures are described in
MM-5.
Consistent
Invasives No landscaping or other planting is planned as part of
the offsite riprap modification.
Consistent
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Table 12. Adjacency Management Issues (Section 7.5.2)
Findings f or New
Development Analysis Consistency
Buffers The offsite riprap modification is required to be
placed at the existing headwalls and no buffer
requirements apply to this activity.
Consistent
5.4.5 Habitat Loss Incidental Take Ordinance
The proposed project will impact native vegetation and City wetlands (i.e., maritime succulent scrub; tamarisk scrub)
and as such, the proposed project is subject to conformance with the City’s HLIT Ordinance. The HLIT Ordinance
findings are provided in Appendix F.
5.4.6 Wetland Protection
Wetland protection must be provided throughout the Subarea and an evaluation of wetlands avoidance and
minimization is required. If impacts are unavoidable, no net loss of wetlands must be achieved through
compensatory mitigation as prescribed by the Subarea Plan Table 5-6. As stated previously, the proposed project
will impact City wetlands (i.e., tamarisk scrub), which are unavoidable due to the small overall size of the project,
topography, the location of the wetlands in the middle of the site, and the project plan to build l arge warehouses
facility with associated infrastructure.
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6 Mitigation
This section describes the MMs required to offset significant direct and indirect impacts to sensitive vegetation
communities, special-status plants and wildlife, nesting birds, and jurisdictional aquatic resources. These MMs will
reduce identified and potential significant impacts to a level that is less than significant pursuant to CEQA.
Table 13 lists the significant impacts to vegetation communities and the required mitigation per the City’s Subarea
Plan and HLIT Ordinance (Subarea Plan Tables 5-3 and 5-6). As noted in Section 5.2.4, the City Subarea Plan
Wetlands Protection Program requires that impacts to wetlands be avoided to the maximum extent possible and
where impacts are unavoidable, compensatory mitigation within the Chula Vista Subarea or Chula Vista Planning
Area shall be required resulting in no overall net loss of City wetlands.
Table 13. Mitigation for Significant Impacts to Sensitive Vegetation Communities
and Wetlands
Vegetation
Community
MSCP Subarea
Plan Tier Mitigation Ratio* Impact Acreage
Mitigation
Acreage Required
Uplands
Maritime succulent
scrub
Tier I 1:1 13.53 13.53
Waters or Wetlands
Unvegetated Stream N/A 1:1 0.09 0.09
Tamarisk scrub Wetlands 1:1 0.37 0.37
Erosional feature N/A 1:1 0.01 0.01
Grand Total — 14.00 14.00
Note:
* City of Chula Vista 2003
6.1 Mitigation Measures
MM-1 Compensatory Mitigation: Per the HLIT ordinance, 14.00 acres of impacts to sensitive uplands,
jurisdictional resources, and City wetlands shall be mitigated at the required mitigation ratios (T able
13). All impacts to wetlands will be mitigated at a 1:1 ratio, upland impacts may be mitigated at a
1:1 ratio. Prior to issuance of any land development permits (including clearing, grubbing and/or
grading permits), the Permittee/Owner shall finalize the mitigation option(s) with concurrence from
the City of Chula Vista. Mitigation would be provided through one of the following options and the
ratio would be determined by the location of the proposed mitigation site.
Mitigation Bank. Mitigation would occur through the purchasing of credits at a City-approved
mitigation bank in order to achieve the required Tier I and wetland mitigation per the mitigation
ratios in Table 5-3 of the Subarea Plan.
Habitat Preservation. Prior to the issuance of any grading permit, the applicant shall provide
evidence to the City of Chula Vista Planning Division that City-approved Tier I and wetland habitat
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are provided as mitigation through compensatory preservation per the mitigation ratios in Table 5 -
3 of the Subarea Plan. The habitat preservation mitigation site shall (1) be protected by a
conservation easement or other City-approved mechanism that provides preservation in perpetuity,
(2) have a permanent responsible party clearly designated, and (3) be managed in accordance with
a Habitat Management Plan (or similar) in perpetuity. The Habitat Management Plan (or similar)
shall also include Property Analysis Report (PAR) analysis to identify yearly maintenance and
monitoring costs pursuant to meeting those performance criteria, as well as identify an initial
management fund endowment to provide for management in perpetuity. Prior to grading permit
issuance, the applicant shall provide proof that such funds have been provided to the permanent
responsible party.
Habitat Restoration. Prior to the issuance of any grading permit, the applicant shall provide
evidence to the City of Chula Vista Planning Division that Tier I and wetland habitat type is being
restored and/or enhanced per the mitigation ratios in Table 5-3 of the Subarea Plan. In addition,
the applicant shall provide a performance bond to the City prior to the issuance of a grading permit
to ensure the completion of the restoration and funds for enhancement are provided. The habitat
restoration mitigation site shall (1) be protected by a conservation easement or other City-approved
mechanism that provides preservation in perpetuity, (2) have a permanent responsible party clearly
designated, and (3) be managed in accordance with a Habitat Management Plan (or similar) in
perpetuity. If mitigation credits are not purchased, the Applicant shall prepare a Habitat Mitigation
and Monitoring Plan to the satisfaction of the City. The Habitat Mitigation and Monitoring Plan shall
include, at a minimum, an implementation strategy; appropr iate seed mixtures and planting
method; irrigation; quantitative and qualitative success criteria; maintenance, monitoring, and
reporting program; estimated completion time; contingency measures; and identify a long -term
funding source. The Project Applicant shall also be required to implement the Habitat Mitigation
and Monitoring Plan subject to the oversight and approval of the Development Services Director
(or their designee).
Special-Status Plants. If special-status plants require salvage, relocation and/or re-seeding at the
mitigation site, the Resource Salvage Plan shall be written by a City-approved biologist to the
satisfaction of the Development Services Director (or their designee). Impacts to Covered Narrow
Endemic plants require mitigation at a 1:1 to 3:1 ratio. The Resource Salvage Plan shall, at a
minimum, evaluate options for plant salvage (during appropriate bloom periods for identification of
special-status plants) and relocation, native plant mulching, selective soil salvaging, application of
plant materials on manufactured slopes, and application/relocation of resources within the
mitigation site. The Resource Salvage Plan shall include incorporation of relocation and reseeding
efforts for Narrow Endemic plants to achieve a 2:1 mitigation ratio, as well as San Diego barrel cactus
and non-covered plant species at a 1:1 mitigation ratio that are considered special status according
to the California Environmental Quality Act and would be impacted with project implementation.
Relocation efforts may include seed collection and/or transplantation to the mitigation site and will
be based on the most reliable methods of successful relocation to achieve a functionally equivalent
or better Preserve design. Compensatory mitigation may also include restoration of the mitigation site
with supplemental seeds or live plants from native seedbanks/plant nurseries. The Resource Salvage
Plan shall also contain a recommendation for method of salvage and relocation/application based
on feasibility of implementation and likelihood of success. The Resource Salvage Plan shall include,
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 53 JUNE 2023
at a minimum, a discussion of the compensatory mitigation required for the Covered Narrow Endemic
plants and a discussion of the appropriate mitigation ratio, an implementation plan, maintenance
and monitoring program, estimated completion time, and any relevant contingency measures. The
Resource Salvage Plan shall also be subject to the oversight of the Development Services Director
(or their designee).
MM-2 Prior to issuance of any land development permits (including clearing, grubbing and/or grading
permits), the Permittee/Owner will be required to obtain a HLIT Permit pursuant to Section 17.35
of the Chula Vista Municipal Code for impacts to MSCP Tier I habitat and wetland resources and
Narrow Endemic Species.
MM-3 Prior to issuance of land development permits, including clearing, grubbing, grading and/or
construction permits, the Permittee/Owner shall install temporary construction fencing in
accordance with Chula Vista Municipal Code (CVMC) 17.35.030 to avoid any unexpected
accidental impacts (i.e., encroachment) into sensitive vegetation and/or jurisdictional waters.
Prominently colored, well installed fencing and signage shall be in place to demarcate all approved
access paths and construction work areas wherever the limits of grading are adjacent to sensitive
vegetation communities or other biological resources, as identified by the qualified monitoring
biologist. The limits of work, including the designated temporary off-site construction access, will
be delineated with temporary construction fencing as appropriate, which will be installed prior to
initiation of work activities.
Fencing shall remain in place during all construction activities. All temporary fencing shall be shown
on grading plans for areas adjacent to the preserve and for all off-site facilities constructed within
the preserve. Prior to release of grading and/or improvement bonds, a qualified biologist shall
provide evidence that work was conducted as authorized under the approved land development
permit and associated plans.
A pre-construction meeting should be held between all contractors and the qualified project
biologist and during this meeting, the biologist will educate the contractors on sensitive habitat and
project avoidance measures. All project personnel shall provide written acknowledgement of their
receiving avoidance training. This training shall include information on the location of the approved
access paths and work areas, the necessity of preventing damage and impacts to sensitive habitat;
and the discussion of work practices that will accomplish such. Lastly, the project biologist will be
on site to monitor all project activities within natural habitats.
If unauthorized impacts occur outside of the approved project boundary, the contractor shall notify the
City Resident Engineer and project biologist immediately. The project biologist shall evaluate the
additional impacts to determine the size of the impact and the vegetation communities, land covers
and/or jurisdictional resources impacted. The footprint of the impact shall be recorded with a GPS and
the project biologist will report the impact(s) to City Staff as well as to the appropriate permitting
agencies (where appropriate) for approval of the impact record and to establish any necessary follow-
up mitigation measures. These measures may include development of an in-place Revegetation Plan
for the identified impacts, including a 120-day plant establishment period and subsequent 25-month
maintenance and monitoring period to ensure success of the revegetation effort.
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 54 JUNE 2023
Any unauthorized impacts to jurisdictional waters/wetlands would require reporting to the USACE,
CDFW, RWQCB, and the City as well as development of a Waters/Wetlands Restoration Plan to
restore pre-impact conditions as directed by the agencies. The Revegetation Plan and/or
Waters/Wetlands Restoration Plan shall include a description of the suitability of the restoration
area, planting and irrigation plan, maintenance and monitoring requirements, and performance
standards that ensures that the intended restoration is achieved. The plan(s) and associated
monitoring reports shall be submitted to City staff.
MM-4 Prior to issuance of land development permits, including clearing, grubbing, grading, and/or
construction permits, the Permittee/Owner shall provide written confirmation that a City -approved
biological monitor has been retained and shall be on site during clearing, grubbing, and/or grading
activities. The biological monitor shall attend all preconstruction meetings and be present during
the removal of any vegetation to ensure that the approved limits of disturbance are not exceeded
and provide periodic monitoring of the impact area including, but not limited to, trenches,
stockpiles, storage areas and protective fencing. The biological monitor shall be authorized to halt
all associated project activities that may be in violation of the City's MSCP Subarea Plan and/or
permits issued by any other agencies having jurisdictional authority over the project.
Before construction activities occur in areas containing sensitive biological resources, all workers
shall be educated by a City-approved biologist to recognize and avoid those areas that have been
marked as sensitive biological resources.
MM-5 To avoid any direct impacts to nesting birds, construction activities should occur outside of the breeding
season (February 15 to September 14). If construction activity is scheduled during the general bird
breeding season, a qualified biologist shall conduct a pre-construction survey to determine the presence
or absence of nesting bird species within the proposed work areas. The pre-construction survey shall
be conducted within 4 calendar days prior to the start of construction activities. The applicant shall
submit the results of the pre-construction survey to City Staff for review and approval prior to initiating
any construction activities. If nesting birds are detected, a letter report or mitigation plan in conformance
with the applicable local, State, and Federal Law (i.e., appropriate follow up surveys, monitoring
schedules, construction and noise barriers/buffers, etc.) shall be prepared and include proposed
measures to be implemented to ensure that take of birds or eggs or disturbance of breeding activities
is avoided. The report shall also describe any species-specific measures to comply with the MSCP’s
conditions of coverage:
▪ Active Cooper’s hawk nest requires a 300-foot avoidance area.
▪ No clearing of occupied coastal cactus wren habitat will occur between February 15 and
September 14.
▪ No clearing of occupied coastal California gnatcatcher habitat will occur between March 1
and August 15.
▪ No clearing of occupied least Bell’s vireo habitat will occur between March 16 and September
14. If an occupied least Bell’s vireo nest is identified in a pre-construction survey, noise
reduction techniques, such as temporary noise walls or berms, shall be incorporated into the
construction plans to reduce noise levels below 60 LEQ (equivalent continuous sound level).
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 55 JUNE 2023
The report or mitigation plan shall be submitted to the City for review and approval and
implemented to the satisfaction of the City. The project Biologist shall verify and approve that all
measures identified in the report or mitigation plan are in place prior to and/or during construction.
If nesting birds are not detected during the pre-construction survey, no further mitigation is required.
Implementation of pre-construction surveys for nesting birds, and any required follow up protection
measures, will reduce the potential impact levels to below significant.
MM-6 Prior to issuance of land development permits, including clearing, grubbing, grading and/ or
construction permits that impact jurisdictional waters, the Permittee/Owner shall notify the
resource agencies and obtain all necessary permits from the USACE, RWQCB, and CDFW. All terms
and conditions of required permits shall be implemented.
The Applicant shall secure wetland creation mitigation credits within a City-approved Conservation
Bank in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Subarea Plan and all required permits.
Verification of mitigation credit purchase by the Applicant to the City and resource agencies is
required prior to issuance of any land development permits.
Prior to issuance of land development permits, including clearing, grubbing, and grading permits
for areas that impact jurisdictional waters, the Permittee/Owner shall provide evidence that all
required regulatory permits, such as those required under Section 404 of the federal Clean Water
Act, Section 1600 of the California Fish and Game Code, and the Porter Cologne Water Quality Act,
have been obtained.
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7 Acknowledgements
This report was prepared by Dudek biologists Callie Amoaku, Erin Bergman, and Dylan Ayers. Graphics were
provided by Andrew Greis.
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13518 59 JUNE 2023
8 References
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July 2021. https://www.calflora.org/.
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/ Accessed 2/4/2022.
CDFW (California Department of Fish and Wildlife). 2021a. “CNDDB Maps and Data”. RareFind, Version 5.1.1
(Commercial Subscription). Sacramento, California: CDFW, Biogeographic Data Branch. Accessed
July 2021. https://wildlife.ca.gov/Data/CNDDB/Maps-and-Data.
CDFW. 2021b. “State and Federally Listed Endangered, Threatened, and Rare Plants of California.” California
Natural Diversity Database. CDFW, Biogeographic Data Branch. July 2021. https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov
/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=109390&inline.
CDFW. 2021c. California Natural Diversity Database. 2018. Special Vascular Plants, Bryophytes, and Lichens List.
California Natural Diversity Database. July 2021. https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx
?DocumentID=109383&inline.
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July 2021. nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=109406&inline.
CDFW. Fish & Game Code. FGC Sections 3503 and 3503.5. http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode
?section=fgc&group=03001-04000&file=3500-3516
CDFW (California Department of Fish and Wildlife). 2023a. Survey Considerations for California Endangered
Species Act (CESA) Candidate Bumble Bee Species. June 6, 2023.
CDFW. 2023b. “CNDDB Maps and Data”. RareFind, (Commercial Subscription). Sacramento, California: CDFW,
Biogeographic Data Branch. Accessed June 2023. https://wildlife.ca.gov/Data/CNDDB/Maps-and-Data.
City of San Diego. 1998. Final Multiple Species Conservation Program: MSCP Plan. August 1998.
https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/pds/mscp/docs/SCMSCP/FinalMSCPProgramPlan.pdf
City of Chula Vista. 2003. City of Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan. February 2003. https://www.chulavistaca.gov
/home/showpublisheddocument/7106/635653719615470000
CNPS (California Native Plant Society). 2021. “Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants” [online edition, v8-02].
California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, California. Accessed April 2021.
http://www.rareplants.cnps.org/.
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 60 JUNE 2023
Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of
the United States. FWS/OBS-79/31. Prepared for U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. December 1979.
Reprinted 1992. http://www.fws.gov/wetlands/documents/classification-of-wetlands-and-deepwater-
habitats-of-the-united-states.pdf.
Crother, B.I., Committee Chair. 2012. Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North
America North of Mexico, with Comments Regarding Confidence in Our Understanding. Seventh ed.
Herpetological Circular No. 39. Edited by J.J. Moriarty. Shoreview, Minnesota: Society for the Study of
Amphibians and Reptiles. August 2012.
Droege, S, JD Engler, E Sellers and LE O’Brien. 2017. U.S. National Protocol Framework for
the Inventory and Monitoring of Bees, Version 2.0. Inventory and Monitoring, National Wildlife
Refuge System, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Fort Collins, Colorado.
Frankie, G. W. 2014. California Bees and Blooms: a guide for gardeners and naturalists.
Google Earth 2021. Aerial Imagery. Accessed July 2021.
Holland, R.F. 1986. Preliminary descriptions of the terrestrial natural communities of California. Nongame -
Heritage Program, California Department of Fish and Game. 156 pp.
iNaturalist. 2021. “Observations” [database]. Accessed August 2021. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations.
Jepson Flora Project. 2018. “The Jepson Online Interchange: California Floristics.” Berkeley, California: University
of California. Accessed August 2021. http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_name_data.pl.
Kus, B.E. 2002. “Least Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii pusillus).” Focal species account and focal species range and
breeding status map for The Riparian Bird Conservation Plan: A Strategy for Reversing the Decline of
Riparian-Associated Birds in California, California Partners in Flight and the Riparian Habitat Joint
Venture, Version 2.0 (2004). Accessed April 2, 2012. http://www.prbo.org/calpif/htmldocs/riparian.html.
NABA (North American Butterfly Association). 2001. “Checklist of North American Butterflies Occurring North of
Mexico. Edition 2.3”. Adapted from North American Butterfly Association (NABA) Checklist and English
Names of North American Butterflies, eds. B. Cassie, J. Glassberg, A. Swengel, and G. Tudor. 2nd ed.
Morristown, New Jersey: NABA. Accessed August 2021. http://www.naba.org/pubs/enames2_3.html.
Oberbauer, T., M. Kelly, and J. Buegge. 2008. Draft Vegetation Communities of San Diego County. March 2008.
Pagel, Joel E., Whittington, Diana M., and Allen, George T. 2010. Interim Golden Eagle Inventory and Monitoring Protogols;
and Other Recommendations. February 2010. https://www.fws.gov/southwest/es/oklahoma
/documents/te_species/wind%20power/usfws_interim_goea_monitoring_protocol_10march2010.pdf
Reiser, C.H. 2001. Rare Plants of San Diego County. 2001 ed. Imperial Beach, California: Aquafir Press.
Richardson, L.L. Bumble Bees of North America Occurrence Records Database [unpublished database]. Database
provided via email from L.L. Richardson to Anna Cassady (Biologist, Dudek). May 3, 2023.
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13518 61 JUNE 2023
SDNHM (San Diego Natural History Museum). 2002. “Butterflies of San Diego County.” Revised September 2002.
Accessed August 2021. http://www.sdnhm.org/science/entomology/projects/checklist -of-butterflies-of
-san-diego-county/.
SDNHM. 2021. “SDNHM Database of San Diego County Collected Plant Specimens” [data retrieved from
Herbarium and Plant Atlas databases]. San Diego County Plant Atlas Project. Accessed August 2021.
http://www.sdplantatlas.org/publicsearch.aspx.
Tremor, S., ed. 2017. San Diego County Mammal Atlas. Illustrated by J. Zee. San Diego, California: San Diego
Natural History Museum.
USACE (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers). 1987. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual (TR Y -87-
1) and the Interim Regional Supplement to the Corps of Eng ineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Arid West
Region. Vicksburg, Mississippi. September.
USACE. 2008a. Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Arid West Region
(Version 2.0). Environmental Laboratory, ERDC/EL TR-08-28. Vicksburg, Mississippi: U.S. Army Engineer
Research and Development Center. September 2008. Accessed July 2021.
https://usace.contentdm.oclc.org/utils/getfile/collection/p266001coll1/id/7627.
USACE 2008b. A Field Guide to the Identification of the Ordinary High Water Mark (OHWM) in the Arid West
Region of the Western United States. ed. R.W. Lichvar and S.M. McColley. ERDC/CRREL TR -08-12.
Hanover, NH: Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory U.S. Army Engineer Research and
Development Center. August 2008.
USACE. 2018. “National Wetland Plant List.” Accessed June 2021. https://cwbi-
app.sec.usace.army.mil/nwpl_static/v34/home/home.html
USDA-NRCS (United States Department of Agriculture-Natural Resources Conservation Service). 2018. Field
Indicators of Hydric Soils in the United States, A Guide for Identifying and Delineating Hydric Soils, Version
8.2. https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs142p2_053171.pdf.
USDA-NRCS. 2021a. “State Soil Data Access (SDA) Hydric Soils List.” Accessed July 2021 .
https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcseprd1316619.html.
USDA-NRCS. 2021b. “Web Soil Survey” [web application]. Accessed July 2021.
https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/App/HomePage.htm.
USDA-NRCS. 2021c. PLANTS Database: Plant List of A ccepted Nomenclature, Taxonomy, and Symbols.
https://plants.usda.gov/home.
USDA-NRCS. 2021d. “Official Soil Series Descriptions: View By Name” [database]. Accessed July 2021.
https://soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/osdname.aspx.
USFWS (United States Fish and Wildlife Service). 2019. Survey Protocols for the Rusty Patched Bumble Bee
(Bombus affinis). Version 2.2. April 12, 2019.
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13518 62 JUNE 2023
USFWS. 2000. General Rare Plant Survey Guidelines. California State University, Stanislaus. Ellen A. Cypher.
Revised July 2002. https://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/Survey-Protocols-
Guidelines/Documents/rare_plant_protocol.pdf.
USFWS. 2021a. “Critical Habitat and Occurrence Data” [map]. Accessed July 2021. http://www.fws.gov/data.
USFWS 2021b. Birds of Conservation Concern 2021 Migratory Bird Program. June 15, 2021. Accessed August
2021. www.fws.gov/migratorybirds/pdf/management/birds-of-conservation-concern-2021.pdf.
Wilson, D.E., and D.M. Reeder, eds. 2005. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic
Reference. 3rd ed. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press.
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TSTS
DH
TS
UVS
TS
DH
UVS
MSS
DH
MSS
UVS
UVS
TS
TS
TS
TS
TS
TS
MSS
DH
76
85
35
100
50015
1
2
11
7
18
5 4
3
3
3
4
6NIRVANA AVEM A I N S T
Biological Resources
Biological Technical Report for the Nirvana Project
SOURCE: PLSA 2022; SANGIS 2020, 2022
0 200100Feet
Project Boundary
Off-site Easement
Off-site Grading
Off-site Riprap Modifications
Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types
MSS - Maritime Succulent Scrub
TS - Tamarisk Scrub
UVS - Unvegetatated Stream
DH - Disturbed Habitat
Special-Status Plants
Adolphia californica (California adolphia)
Ambrosia monogyra (singlewhorl burrobrush)
Ambrosia pumila (San Diego ambrosia)
Ferocactus viridescens (San Diego barrel cactus)
Selaginella cinerascens (ashy spike-moss)
Special-Status Wildlife Observations
Belding’s orange-throated whiptail
Cooper’s hawk
least Bell’s vireo
yellow warbler
FIGURE 3
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 68 JUNE 2023
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
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NWW-1
NWW-2
NWW-1
NWW-2NIRVANA AVEM A I N S T
T-1
T-2
1a
1b
2a
2b
3
Potential Jurisdictional Resources
Biological Technical Report for the Nirvana Project
SOURCE: PLSA 2022; SANGIS 2020, 2022
0 200100Feet
Project Boundary
Off-site Easement
Off-site Grading
Off-site Riprap Modifications
Wetland Sample Point
Transects
USACE/RWQCB/CDFW
Non-wetland waters
Non-wetland waters
(Potential Path of Watercourse)
CDFW Only
Non-wetland waters
Riparian
City of Chula Vista
Wetland
Potential Waters of the State (RWQCB)
erosional feature
FIGURE 4
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 70 JUNE 2023
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Date: 6/20/2023 - Last saved by: agreis - Path: Z:\Projects\j1351801\MAPDOC\DOCUMENT\BTR\Figure5-CNDDB.mxd805
O T A Y R I V E R
Maritime Succulent Scrub
coastal cactus wren
Otay tarplant
Palmer’s goldenbush
variegated dudleya
San Diego thorn-mint San Diego bur-sage
south coast saltscale
least Bell’s vireo
San Diego barrel cactus
Otay tarplant
coastal California gnatcatcher
orange-throated whiptail
San Diego marsh-elder
California adolphia
San Diego marsh-elder
snake cholla
San Diego goldenstar
San Diego marsh-elder
San Diego bur-sage
San Diego bur-sage
decumbent goldenbush
cliff spurge
San Diego barrel cactus
long-spined spineflower
coastal California gnatcatcher
San Diego goldenstar
Riverside fairy shrimp
San Diego fairy shrimp
Otay tarplant
variegated dudleya
Orcutt’s bird’s-beak
Otay tarplant
snake cholla
San Diego thorn-mint
San Diego bur-sage
San Diego ambrosia
San Diego button-celery
Tecate cypress
California adolphia
San Diego barrel cactus
San Diego barrel cactus
CNDDB Occurrences within 1-Mile
Biological Technical Report for the Nirvana Project
SOURCE: PLSA 2022; CDFW 2022; SANGIS 20210, 2022
02,0001,000 Feet
Project Boundary
Off-site Easement
Off-site Grading
Off-site Riprap Modifications
1 Mile Buffer
CNDDB Observations
FIGURE 5
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 72 JUNE 2023
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Date: 6/22/2023 - Last saved by: agreis - Path: Z:\Projects\j1351801\MAPDOC\DOCUMENT\BTR\Figure6-Impacts_BiologicalResources.mxdTS
UVS
MSS
MSS
UVS
MSS
DH
DH
TS TS
TS
MSS
DH
TS
TSTS
DH
TS
UVS
TS
DH
UVS
MSS
DH
MSS
UVS
UVS
TS
TS
TS
TS
TS
TS
MSS
DH
76
85
35
100
50015
1
2
11
7
18
5 4
3
3
3
4
6NIRVANA AVEM A I N S T
Impacts to Biological Resources
Biological Technical Report for the Nirvana Project
SOURCE: PLSA 2022; SANGIS 2020, 2022
0 200100Feet
Project Boundary
Off-site Easement
Off-site Grading
Off-site Riprap Modifications
Impact Area
Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types
MSS - Maritime Succulent Scrub
TS - Tamarisk Scrub
UVS - Unvegetatated Stream
DH - Disturbed Habitat
USACE/RWQCB/CDFW
Non-wetland waters
Non-wetland waters
(Potential Path of Watercourse)
CDFW Only
Non-wetland waters
Riparian
City of Chula Vista
Wetland
Potential Waters of the State (RWQCB)
erosional feature
Special-Status Plants
Adolphia californica (California adolphia)
Ambrosia monogyra (singlewhorl burrobrush)
Ambrosia pumila (San Diego ambrosia)
Ferocactus viridescens (San Diego barrel cactus)
Selaginella cinerascens (ashy spike-moss)
Special-Status Wildlife Observations
Belding’s orange-throated whiptail
Cooper’s hawk
least Bell’s vireo
yellow warbler
FIGURE 6
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 74 JUNE 2023
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
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NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 76 JUNE 2023
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Riprap ModificationsBiological Technical Report for the Nirvana ProjectFIGURE 7BSOURCE: PLSA Engineering, 2022Z:\Projects\j1351801\MAPDOC\DOCUMENT\BTR
NIRVANA PROJECT CITY OF CHULA VISTA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY/BIOLOGICAL TECHNICAL REPORT
13518 78 JUNE 2023
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Appendix A
Plant Compendium
APPENDIX A / PLANT COMPENDIUM
13518 A-1 JUNE 2022
Vascular Species
Eudicots
AIZOACEAE —FIG -MARIGOLD FAMILY
Mesembryanthemum crystallinum—common iceplant
Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum—slenderleaf iceplant
ANACARDIACEAE —SUMAC OR CASHEW FAMILY
Malosma laurina—laurel sumac
Rhus integrifolia—lemonade berry
Schinus molle—Peruvian peppertree
Toxicodendron diversilobum—poison oak
APIACEAE —CARROT FAMILY
Apium graveolens—wild celery
Daucus pusillus—American wild carrot
Foeniculum vulgare—fennel
ASTERACEAE —SUNFLOWER FAMILY
Ambrosia monogyra—singlewhorl burrobrush
Ambrosia psilostachya—western ragweed
Ambrosia pumila—San Diego ambrosia
Artemisia californica—California sagebrush
Baccharis salicifolia—mulefat
Baccharis sarothroides—desertbroom
Centaurea melitensis—Maltese star-thistle
Deinandra fasciculata—clustered tarweed
Encelia californica—California brittle bush
Erigeron canadensis—Canadian horseweed
Glebionis coronaria—crowndaisy
Helianthus annuus—common sunflower
* Helminthotheca echioides—bristly oxtongue
Heterotheca grandiflora—telegraphweed
Isocoma menziesii var. vernonioides—Menzies’ goldenbush
Lactuca serriola—prickly lettuce
Oncosiphon piluliferum—stinknet
Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum—Jersey cudweed
Sonchus oleraceus—common sowthistle
Viguiera laciniata—San Diego County viguiera
APPENDIX A / PLANT COMPENDIUM
13518 A-2 JUNE 2022
Xanthium strumarium—cocklebur
BORAGINACEAE —BORAGE FAMILY
Emmenanthe penduliflora var. penduliflora—whisperingbells
Phacelia cicutaria var. hispida—caterpillar phacelia
BRASSICACEAE —MUSTARD FAMILY
Brassica nigra—black mustard
Hirschfeldia incana—shortpod mustard
Lepidium nitidum—shining pepperweed
CACTACEAE —CACTUS FAMILY
Cylindropuntia prolifera—coastal cholla
Ferocactus viridescens—San Diego barrel cactus
Mammillaria dioica—strawberry cactus
Opuntia littoralis—coast prickly pear
CARYOPHYLLACEAE —PINK FAMILY
Silene gallica—common catchfly
CHENOPODIACEAE —GOOSEFOOT FAMILY
Atriplex semibaccata—Australian saltbush
Chenopodium album—lambsquarters
Chenopodium murale—nettleleaf goosefoot
Salsola tragus—prickly Russian thistle
CLEOMACEAE —CLEOME FAMILY
Peritoma arborea var. arborea—bladderpod spiderflower
Peritoma arborea—bladderpod
CONVOLVULACEAE —MORNING -GLORY FAMILY
Calystegia macrostegia—island false bindweed
CRASSULACEAE —STONECROP FAMILY
Dudleya pulverulenta—chalk dudleya
EUPHORBIACEAE —SPURGE FAMILY
Ricinus communis—castorbean
FABACEAE —LEGUME FAMILY
Acacia cyclops—coastal wattle
Acacia melanoxylon—blackwood
Acmispon strigosus—strigose bird’s-foot trefoil
APPENDIX A / PLANT COMPENDIUM
13518 A-3 JUNE 2022
Lupinus succulentus—hollowleaf annual lupine
Medicago polymorpha—burclover
Melilotus albus—yellow sweetclover
Melilotus indicus—annual yellow sweetclover
GERANIACEAE —GERANIUM FAMILY
Erodium botrys—longbeak stork’s bill
Erodium cicutarium—redstem stork’s bill
LAMIACEAE —MINT FAMILY
Marrubium vulgare—horehound
MALVACEAE —MALLOW FAMILY
Malva parviflora—cheeseweed mallow
PLANTAGINACEAE —PLANTAIN FAMILY
Antirrhinum nuttallianum ssp. nuttallianum—violet snapdragon
POLYGONACEAE —BUCKWHEAT FAMILY
Eriogonum fasciculatum var. fasciculatum—California buckwheat
Rumex crispus—curly dock
RHAMNACEAE —BUCKTHORN FAMILY
Adolphia californica—California adolphia
SALICACEAE —WILLOW FAMILY
Salix gooddingii—Goodding’s willow
Salix laevigata—red willow
SIMMONDSIACEAE —JOJOBA FAMILY
Simmondsia chinensis—jojoba
SOLANACEAE —NIGHTSHADE FAMILY
Datura wrightii—sacred thorn-apple
Lycium brevipes var. brevipes—Baja desert-thorn
Nicotiana glauca—tree tobacco
TAMARICACEAE —TAMARISK FAMILY
Tamarix ramosissima—tamarisk
URTICACEAE —NETTLE FAMILY
Urtica dioica ssp. holosericea—stinging nettle
APPENDIX A / PLANT COMPENDIUM
13518 A-4 JUNE 2022
VIBURN ACEAE —MUSKROOT FAMILY
Sambucus mexicana—blue elderberry
Ferns and Fern Allies
SELAGINELLACEAE —SPIKE -MOSS FAMILY
Selaginella cinerascens—ashy spike-moss
Monocots
AGAVACEAE —AGAVE FAMILY
Yucca schidigera—Mojave yucca
ARECACEAE —PALM FAMILY
Washingtonia robusta—Washington fan palm
CYPERACEAE —SEDGE FAMILY
Schoenoplectus californicus—California bulrush
LILIACEAE —LILY FAMILY
Calochortus splendens—splendid mariposa lily
POACEAE —GRASS FAMILY
Avena barbata—slender oat
Avena fatua—wild oat
Bothriochloa barbinodis—cane bluestem
Brachypodium distachyon—purple false brome
Bromus diandrus—ripgut brome
Bromus rubens—red brome
Cynodon dactylon—Bermudagrass
Ehrharta erecta—panic veldtgrass
Festuca myuros—rat-tail fescue
Festuca perennis—perennial rye grass
Hordeum murinum—mouse barley
Lamarckia aurea—goldentop grass
Melica imperfecta—smallflower melicgrass
Pennisetum setaceum—fountain grass
Phalaris minor—littleseed canarygrass
Poa annua—annual bluegrass
Polypogon monspeliensis—annual rabbitsfoot grass
Stipa miliacea var. miliacea—smilograss
Stipa pulchra—purple needlegrass
APPENDIX A / PLANT COMPENDIUM
13518 A-5 JUNE 2022
THEMIDACEAE —BRODIAEA FAMILY
Dipterostemon capitatus—bluedicks
Appendix B
Wildlife Compendium
APPENDIX B / WILDLIFE COMPENDIUM
13518 B-1 JUNE 2023
Birds
Blackbirds, Orioles and Allies
ICTERIDAE —BLACKBIRDS
Icterus cucullatus—hooded oriole
Bushtits
AEGITHALIDAE —LONG -TAILED TITS AND BUSHTITS
Psaltriparus minimus—bushtit
Falcons
FALCONIDAE —CARACARAS AND FALCONS
Falco sparverius—American kestrel
Finches
FRINGILLIDAE —FRINGILLINE AND CARDUELINE FINCHES AND ALLIES
Haemorhous mexicanus—house finch
Spinus psaltria—lesser goldfinch
Flycatchers
TYRANNIDAE —TYRANT FLYCATCHERS
Empidonax difficilis—Pacific-slope flycatcher
Myiarchus cinerascens—ash-throated flycatcher
Sayornis nigricans—black phoebe
Sayornis saya—Say’s phoebe
Tyrannus vociferans—Cassin’s kingbird
Hummingbirds
TROCHILIDAE —HUMMINGBIRDS
Calypte anna—Anna’s hummingbird
APPENDIX B / WILDLIFE COMPENDIUM
13518 B-2 JUNE 2023
Jays, Magpies and Crows
CORVIDAE —CROWS AND JAYS
Corvus corax—common raven
Mockingbirds and Thrashers
MIMIDAE —MOCKINGBIRDS AND THRASHERS
Mimus polyglottos—northern mockingbird
New World Vultures
CATHARTIDAE —NEW WORLD VULTURES
Cathartes aura—turkey vulture
Pigeons and Doves
COLUMBIDAE —PIGEONS AND DOVES
Zenaida macroura—mourning dove
Vireos
VIREONIDAE —VIREOS
Vireo bellii pusillus—least Bell’s vireo
Wood Warblers and Allies
PARULIDAE —WOOD -WARBLERS
Geothlypis trichas—common yellowthroat
Setophaga coronata—yellow-rumped warbler
Setophaga petechia—yellow warbler
Wrens
TROGLODYTIDAE —WRENS
Thryomanes bewickii—Bewick’s wren
New World Sparrows
PASSERELLIDAE —NEW WORLD SPARROWS
Junco hyemalis—dark-eyed junco
APPENDIX B / WILDLIFE COMPENDIUM
13518 B-3 JUNE 2023
Melospiza melodia—song sparrow
Melozone crissalis—California towhee
Pipilo maculatus—spotted towhee
Zonotrichia leucophrys—white-crowned sparrow
Typical Warblers, Parrotbills, Wrentit
SYLVIIDAE —SYLVIID WARBLERS
Chamaea fasciata—wrentit
Invertebrates
Butterflies
LYCAENIDAE —BLUES, HAIRSTREAKS, AND COPPERS
Brephidium exile—western pygmy-blue
Euphilotes battoides bernardino—Bernardino square-spotted blue
Hemiargus ceraunus gyas—Edward’s blue
Icaricia acmon acmon—Acmon blue
Leptotes marina—marine blue
Strymon melinus—gray hairstreak
RIODINIDAE —METALMARKS
Apodemia mormo virgulti—Behr’s metalmark
HESPERIIDAE —SKIPPERS
Erynnis funeralis—funereal duskywing
PIERIDAE —WHITES AND SULFURS
Phoebis sennae—cloudless sulphur
Pieris rapae—cabbage white
Pontia protodice—checkered white
Bees
APIDAE —BEES
Bombus vosnesenskii—Vosnesensky bumble bee
APPENDIX B / WILDLIFE COMPENDIUM
13518 B-4 JUNE 2023
Mammals
Canids
CANIDAE —WOLVES AND FOXES
Canis latrans—coyote
Hares & Rabbits
LEPORIDAE —HARES & RABBITS
Sylvilagus audubonii—desert cottontail
Squirrels
SCIURIDAE —SQUIRRELS
Otospermophilus beecheyi—California ground squirrel
Reptiles
Lizards
PHRYNOSOMATIDAE —IGUANID LIZARDS
Sceloporus occidentalis—western fence lizard
Uta stansburiana—common side-blotched lizard
TEIIDAE —WHIPTAIL LIZARDS
Aspidoscelis hyperythra beldingi—Belding's orange-throated whiptail
13518 B-5 JUNE 2023
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Appendix C
Jurisdictional Delineation Forms
WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA FORM – Arid West Region
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS – Attach site map showing sampling point locations, transects, important features, etc.
Is the Sampled Area
within a Wetland? Yes No
VEGETATION – Use scientific names of plants.
Dominance Test worksheet:
Prevalence Index worksheet:
Hydrophytic Vegetation Indicators:
Hydrophytic
Vegetation
Present? Yes No
SOIL
Profile Description: (Describe to the depth needed to document the indicator or confirm the absence of indicators.)
Hydric Soil Indicators: (Applicable to all LRRs, unless otherwise noted.) Indicators for Problematic Hydric Soils3:
LRR C
LRR B
LRR C
LRR D
Restrictive Layer (if present):
Hydric Soil Present? Yes No
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Riverine
Riverine
Riverine
Nonriverine
Nonriverine
Nonriverine
Field Observations:
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No
WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA FORM – Arid West Region
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS – Attach site map showing sampling point locations, transects, important features, etc.
Is the Sampled Area
within a Wetland? Yes No
VEGETATION – Use scientific names of plants.
Dominance Test worksheet:
Prevalence Index worksheet:
Hydrophytic Vegetation Indicators:
Hydrophytic
Vegetation
Present? Yes No
SOIL
Profile Description: (Describe to the depth needed to document the indicator or confirm the absence of indicators.)
Hydric Soil Indicators: (Applicable to all LRRs, unless otherwise noted.) Indicators for Problematic Hydric Soils3:
LRR C
LRR B
LRR C
LRR D
Restrictive Layer (if present):
Hydric Soil Present? Yes No
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Riverine
Riverine
Riverine
Nonriverine
Nonriverine
Nonriverine
Field Observations:
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No
WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA FORM – Arid West Region
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS – Attach site map showing sampling point locations, transects, important features, etc.
Is the Sampled Area
within a Wetland? Yes No
VEGETATION – Use scientific names of plants.
Dominance Test worksheet:
Prevalence Index worksheet:
Hydrophytic Vegetation Indicators:
Hydrophytic
Vegetation
Present? Yes No
SOIL
Profile Description: (Describe to the depth needed to document the indicator or confirm the absence of indicators.)
Hydric Soil Indicators: (Applicable to all LRRs, unless otherwise noted.) Indicators for Problematic Hydric Soils3:
LRR C
LRR B
LRR C
LRR D
Restrictive Layer (if present):
Hydric Soil Present? Yes No
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Riverine
Riverine
Riverine
Nonriverine
Nonriverine
Nonriverine
Field Observations:
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No
WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA FORM – Arid West Region
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS – Attach site map showing sampling point locations, transects, important features, etc.
Is the Sampled Area
within a Wetland? Yes No
VEGETATION – Use scientific names of plants.
Dominance Test worksheet:
Prevalence Index worksheet:
Hydrophytic Vegetation Indicators:
Hydrophytic
Vegetation
Present? Yes No
SOIL
Profile Description: (Describe to the depth needed to document the indicator or confirm the absence of indicators.)
Hydric Soil Indicators: (Applicable to all LRRs, unless otherwise noted.) Indicators for Problematic Hydric Soils3:
LRR C
LRR B
LRR C
LRR D
Restrictive Layer (if present):
Hydric Soil Present? Yes No
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Riverine
Riverine
Riverine
Nonriverine
Nonriverine
Nonriverine
Field Observations:
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No
WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA FORM – Arid West Region
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS – Attach site map showing sampling point locations, transects, important features, etc.
Is the Sampled Area
within a Wetland? Yes No
VEGETATION – Use scientific names of plants.
Dominance Test worksheet:
Prevalence Index worksheet:
Hydrophytic Vegetation Indicators:
Hydrophytic
Vegetation
Present? Yes No
SOIL
Profile Description: (Describe to the depth needed to document the indicator or confirm the absence of indicators.)
Hydric Soil Indicators: (Applicable to all LRRs, unless otherwise noted.) Indicators for Problematic Hydric Soils3:
LRR C
LRR B
LRR C
LRR D
Restrictive Layer (if present):
Hydric Soil Present? Yes No
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Riverine
Riverine
Riverine
Nonriverine
Nonriverine
Nonriverine
Field Observations:
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No
Appendix D
Special-Status Plant Species with Low to No Potential to
Occur in the Study area
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-1 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Abronia maritima red sand-
verbena
None/None/4.2/None Coastal dunes/perennial
herb/Feb–Nov/0–330
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. Red-sand-verbena occurs in sandy
coastal dune habitat which is not present on-
site (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser
2001).
Acanthomintha
ilicifolia
San Diego
thorn-mint
FT/SE/1B.1/Covered;
NE
Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Valley
and foothill grassland, Vernal
pools; Clay, openings/annual
herb/Apr–June/33–3,145
Low potential to occur. Habitat for San Diego
thorn-mint occurs on site; however, this plant
was absent during focused plant surveys in
April and May 2022.
Acmispon
prostratus
Nuttall’s
acmispon
None/None/1B.1/None Coastal dunes, Coastal scrub
(sandy)/annual herb/
Mar–June(July)/0–35
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range. As the
elevation for Nuttall’s acmispon is near the
beach in coastal dunes. In addition, Nuttal’s
acmispon occurs in sandy costal dune and
sandy coastal scrub habitat which is not
present on-site (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021;
Reiser 2001). The soil onsite is unsuitable for
this species. In addition, Nuttall’s acmispon
would have likely been observed during wildlife
surveys as it can bloom in July.
Agave shawii var.
shawii
Shaw’s agave None/None/2B.1/
Covered
Coastal bluff scrub, Coastal scrub;
Maritime succulent
scrub/perennial leaf
succulent/Sep–May/10–395
Not expected to occur. Shaw’s agave can be
clearly identified year-round and was not
observed during, reconnaissance surveys,
coastal California gnatcatcher surveys,
vegetation mapping or during the jurisdictional
delineation. In addition, Shaw’s agave is more
likely to be found within proximity of the
coastline (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser
2001).
Ambrosia
chenopodiifolia
San Diego
bur-sage
None/None/
2B.1/None
Coastal scrub/perennial
shrub/Apr–June/180–510
While San Diego bur-sage was observed in
2007 (Appendix G), it was absent during the
2022 surveys despite 100% coverage of the
site in April and May 2022.
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-2 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Aphanisma
blitoides
aphanisma None/None/1B.2/None Coastal bluff scrub, Coastal dunes,
Coastal scrub; sandy or
gravelly/annual herb/
Feb–June/3–1,000
Not expected to occur. Aphanisma is typically
observed on coastal bluffs and coastal dunes
in sandy soils which are not present on-site. In
addition, the distribution range of aphanisma
is only along the coastline and within southern
California islands (SDNHM 2021; Calflora
2021; Reiser 2001).
Arctostaphylos
otayensis
Otay manzanita None/None/1B.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland;
metavolcanic/perennial evergreen
shrub/Jan–Apr/902–5,575
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range and there
is no suitable vegetation present. Otay
manzanita would have been observed during
vegetation mapping studies if present. Otay
manzanita can be clearly identified year-round.
In addition, Otay manzanita has only been
collected and or observed on Otay mountain,
Mt. San Miguel, and Jamul mountains and
Guatay mountain (SDNHM 2021; Calflora
2021; Reiser 2001).
Artemisia palmeri San Diego
sagewort
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Riparian
forest, Riparian scrub, Riparian
woodland; sandy, mesic/perennial
deciduous shrub/(Feb)May–Sep/
49–3,000
Not expected to occur. San Diego Sagewort
can be clearly identified year-round. San Diego
sagewort was not observed during vegetation
mapping. San Diego sagewort typically occurs
within or near riparian areas. The riparian
areas on-site were highly disturbed with trash
in many of the channels where San Diego
sagewort would have potential to occur.
Collections for San Diego sagewort occur near
the site in Otay Valley Regional park where
riparian areas are dense (SDNHM 2021;
Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
Asplenium
vespertinum
western
spleenwort
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland,
Coastal scrub; rocky/perennial
rhizomatous herb/Feb–June/
591–3,280
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range.
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-3 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Astragalus deanei Dean’s milk-
vetch
None/None/1B.1/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland,
Coastal scrub, Riparian
forest/perennial herb/
Feb–May/246–2,280
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range. In
addition, the closest known locations for
Dean’s milk-vetch is near Rancho San Diego,
California (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021;
Reiser 2001).
Astragalus tener
var. titi
coastal dunes
milk-vetch
FE/SE/1B.1/None Coastal bluff scrub (sandy),
Coastal dunes, Coastal prairie
(mesic); often vernally mesic
areas/annual herb/
Mar–May/3–165
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
or habitat is present on-site. In addition,
coastal dunes milk-vetch occurs within
proximity of the coastline (SDNHM 2021;
Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
Atriplex coulteri Coulter’s
saltbush
None/None/1B.2/None Coastal bluff scrub, Coastal dunes,
Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill
grassland; alkaline or
clay/perennial herb/
Mar–Oct/10–1,505
Low potential to occur. Coulter’s saltbush is a
small perennial that requires rare plant surveys
to observe where tight transects are walked. It
typically needs alkaline soils which were not
observed therefore making potential for this
species low. (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021;
Reiser 2001).
Atriplex pacifica South Coast
saltscale
None/None/1B.2/None Coastal bluff scrub, Coastal dunes,
Coastal scrub, Playas/annual
herb/Mar–Oct/0–460
Low potential to occur. South coast saltscale is
an annual herb that requires tight transects to
observe. 100% of the site was surveyed in April
and May 2022 and this plant was absent.
Bergerocactus
emoryi
golden-spined
cereus
None/None/2B.2/None Closed-cone coniferous forest,
Chaparral, Coastal scrub;
sandy/perennial stem
succulent/May–June/10–1,295
Not expected to occur. Golden-spined cereus
would have been observed during vegetation
mapping as it can be clearly identified year-
round. Golden-spined cereus also has a
distribution that occurs along the coastline and
near Border Field State Park (SDNHM 2021;
Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
Bloomeria
clevelandii
San Diego
goldenstar
None/None/1B.1/None Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Valley
and foothill grassland, Vernal
pools; clay/perennial bulbiferous
herb/Apr–May/164–1,525
Low potential to occur. 100% of the site was
surveyed in April and May 2022 and this plant
was absent.
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-4 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Brodiaea orcuttii Orcutt’s
brodiaea
None/None/1B.1/
Covered
Closed-cone coniferous forest,
Chaparral, Cismontane woodland,
Meadows and seeps, Valley and
foothill grassland, Vernal pools;
mesic, clay/perennial bulbiferous
herb/May–July/98–5,550
Low potential to occur. The closest Orcutt’s
brodiaea collections and or observations are
near Otay mountain open space preserve.
Therefore, considering the distance of
observations or collections, Orcutt’s brodiaea
is presumed to have low potential. A rare plant
survey in the spring will be performed (SDNHM
2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
Calandrinia
breweri
Brewer’s
calandrinia
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral, Coastal scrub; sandy or
loamy, disturbed sites and
burns/annual herb/
(Jan)Mar–June/33–4,000
Low potential to occur. 100% of the site was
surveyed in April and May 2022 and this plant
was absent.
Calochortus dunnii Dunn’s
mariposa lily
None/SR/1B.2/Covered Closed-cone coniferous forest,
Chaparral, Valley and foothill
grassland; gabbroic or
metavolcanic, rocky/perennial
bulbiferous herb/
(Feb)Apr–June/607–6,000
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range and there
is no suitable vegetation present. In addition,
Dunn’s mariposa lily collections and
observations are closer to Otay mountain open
space preserve (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021;
Reiser 2001).
Camissoniopsis
lewisii
Lewis’ evening-
primrose
None/None/3/None Coastal bluff scrub, Cismontane
woodland, Coastal dunes, Coastal
scrub, Valley and foothill
grassland; sandy or clay/annual
herb/Mar–May(June)/0–985
Low potential to occur. 100% of the site was
surveyed in April and May 2022 and this plant
was absent.
Ceanothus
cyaneus
Lakeside
ceanothus
None/None/1B.2/
Covered
Closed-cone coniferous forest,
Chaparral/perennial evergreen
shrub/Apr–June/771–2,475
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range and there
is no suitable vegetation present. In addition,
most of the population of Lakeside ceanothus
occurs near Lakeside, Fernbrook and Flinn
Springs, California (SDNHM 2021; Calflora
2021; Reiser 2001).
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-5 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Ceanothus
otayensis
Otay Mountain
ceanothus
None/None/1B.2/None Chaparral (metavolcanic or
gabbroic)/perennial evergreen
shrub/Jan–Apr/1,965–3,605
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range and there
is no suitable vegetation present. In addition,
most of the population of Otay mountain
ceanothus occurs on Otay Mountain (SDNHM
2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
Ceanothus
verrucosus
wart-stemmed
ceanothus
None/None/2B.2/None Chaparral/perennial evergreen
shrub/Dec–May/3–1,245
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. The closest collection of wart-
stemmed ceanothus is north of the city of San
Diego (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser
2001).
Chaenactis
glabriuscula var.
orcuttiana
Orcutt’s
pincushion
None/None/1B.1/None Coastal bluff scrub (sandy),
Coastal dunes/annual herb/
Jan–Aug/0–330
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. Orcutt’s pincushion generally occurs
in sandy soils and sandy dunes which are not
present onsite. In addition, Orcutt’s pincushion
has a coastline distribution based upon
collection and observations (SDNHM 2021;
Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
Chamaebatia
australis
southern
mountain
misery
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral (gabbroic or
metavolcanic)/perennial evergreen
shrub/Nov–May/984–3,345
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range and there
is no suitable vegetation present. In addition,
southern mountain misery is easily identified
year-round and would have been observed
during vegetation mapping. Collections and
observations of southern mountain misery are
on Otay mountain, San Miguel mountain, and
Jamul mountains (SDNHM 2021; Calflora
2021; Reiser 2001).
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-6 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Chloropyron
maritimum ssp.
maritimum
salt marsh
bird’s-beak
FE/SE/1B.2/None Coastal dunes, Marshes and
swamps (coastal salt)/annual herb
(hemiparasitic)/May–Oct(Nov)/
0–100
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. Salt marsh birds beak only occurs in
saltmarsh. Habitat onsite is not suitable for
saltmarsh birds’ beak. The distribution of salt
marsh birds beak is almost entire on the
coastline just east of the coastline in saltmarsh
habitat (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser
2001).
Chorizanthe
orcuttiana
Orcutt’s
spineflower
FE/SE/1B.1/None Closed-cone coniferous forest,
Chaparral (maritime), Coastal
scrub; sandy openings/annual
herb/Mar–May/10–410
Low potential to occur. Orcutt’s spineflower
occurs in sandy soils unlike those observed on-
site. Orcutt’s spineflower is extremely rare and
where it is found disturbance is minimal. In
addition, the closest collection or observation
is in Point Loma. No recorded or Orcutt’s
pincushion have been documented within
Chula Vista, California (SDNHM 2021; Calflora
2021; Reiser 2001).
Chorizanthe
polygonoides var.
longispina
long-spined
spineflower
None/None/1B.2/None Chaparral, Coastal scrub,
Meadows and seeps, Valley and
foothill grassland, Vernal pools;
often clay/annual herb/
Apr–July/98–5,015
Low potential to occur. 100% of the site was
surveyed in April and May 2022 and this plant
was absent.
Cistanthe
maritima
seaside
cistanthe
None/None/4.2/None Coastal bluff scrub, Coastal scrub,
Valley and foothill grassland;
sandy/annual herb/
(Feb)Mar–June(Aug)/16–985
Low potential to occur. 100% of the site was
surveyed in April and May 2022 and this plant
was absent.
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-7 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Clarkia delicata delicate clarkia None/None/1B.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland;
often gabbroic/annual herb/
Apr–June/771–3,280
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range and there
is no suitable vegetation present. Delicate
clarkia is more typically found in oak woodland
and open oak woodland which is not present
on-site. In addition, delicate clarkia generally
occurs within central San Diego county east
and north of Otay Mesa, California (SDNHM
2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
Clinopodium
chandleri
San Miguel
savory
None/None/1B.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland,
Coastal scrub, Riparian woodland,
Valley and foothill grassland;
Rocky, gabbroic or
metavolcanic/perennial
shrub/Mar–July/394–3,525
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range. San
Miguel Savory occurs near mountain peaks.
San Miguel mountain and Jamul mountains
are the closest collection and observations for
San Miguel mountain savory (SDNHM 2021;
Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
Comarostaphylis
diversifolia ssp.
diversifolia
summer holly None/None/1B.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane
woodland/perennial evergreen
shrub/Apr–June/98–2,590
Low potential to occur. Summer holly can be
identified year-round if the leaf serrations are
studied closely. Summer holly (a large shrub)
would have likely been observed during
vegetation mapping but every shrub wasn’t
studied in detail. A rare plant survey is needed
to determine presence. The closest collection
of summer holly is near Otay mountain and
further north of Chula Vista, California (SDNHM
2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
Convolvulus
simulans
small-flowered
morning-glory
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral (openings), Coastal
scrub, Valley and foothill
grassland; clay, serpentinite
seeps/annual herb/Mar–July/
98–2,425
Low potential to occur. 100% of the site was
surveyed in April and May 2022 and this plant
was absent.
Corethrogyne
filaginifolia var.
incana
San Diego sand
aster
None/None/1B.1/None Coastal bluff scrub, Chaparral,
Coastal scrub/perennial
herb/June–Sep/10–375
Not expected to occur. San Diego san aster
typically occurs on costal bluff scrub which is
not present on-site.
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-8 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Cylindropuntia
californica var.
californica
snake cholla None/None/1B.1/
Covered NE
Chaparral, Coastal scrub/perennial
stem succulent/Apr–May/98–490
Low potential to occur. 100% of the site was
surveyed in April and May 2022 and this plant
was absent. The Cylindropuntia species on site
was determined to be the common coastal
cholla (C. prolifera) based on the presence of
flowers during the April and May surveys.
Deinandra
conjugens
Otay tarplant FT/SE/1B.1/
Covered; NE
Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill
grassland; clay/annual herb/(
Apr)May–June/82–985
Low potential to occur. 100% of the site was
surveyed in April and May 2022 and this plant
was absent. Rare plant reference checks were
performed for this species less than 4 miles
away on the same day as the May 2022 pass.
Reference checks documented this plant in full
bloom.
Deinandra
floribunda
Tecate tarplant None/None/1B.2/None Chaparral, Coastal scrub/annual
herb/Aug–Oct/230–4,000
Low potential to occur. Tecate tarplant has a
distribution near Otay mountain and further
east and into the high desert (SDNHM 2021;
Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
Deinandra
paniculata
paniculate
tarplant
None/None/4.2/None Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill
grassland, Vernal pools; usually
vernally mesic, sometimes
sandy/annual herb/
(Mar)Apr–Nov(Dec)/82–3,080
Low potential to occur. Paniculate tarplant has
a distribution that is north of Camp Pendleton
(with a few collections near Terrasanta) and
into Orange County (SDNHM 2021; Calflora
2021; Reiser 2001).
Dichondra
occidentalis
western
dichondra
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland,
Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill
grassland/perennial rhizomatous
herb/(Jan)Mar–July/164–1,640
Low potential to occur. Western dichondra
would have likely been observed during
vegetation mapping as it can be observed year-
round. However, it is easier to observe after
fire. Collections have been surrounding Chula
Vista for western dichondra (SDNHM 2021;
Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
Dicranostegia
orcuttiana
Orcutt’s bird’s-
beak
None/None/2B.1/None Coastal scrub/annual herb
(hemiparasitic)/
(Mar)Apr–July(Sep)/33–1,145
Low potential to occur. Orcutt’s bird-beak is
especially rare and the majority of all locations
are being monitored. One population does
occur within a Chula Vista preserve (SDNHM
2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-9 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Diplacus
clevelandii
Cleveland’s
bush
monkeyflower
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland,
Lower montane coniferous forest;
Gabbroic, often in disturbed areas,
openings, rocky/perennial
rhizomatous herb/
Apr–July/1,475–6,560
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range and there
is no suitable vegetation present. The closest
documentation of Cleveland’s bush
monkeyflower is on Otay mountain, California.
None are documented near Chula Vista,
California (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021;
Reiser 2001).
Dudleya attenuata
ssp. attenuata
Orcutt’s
dudleya
None/None/2B.1/None Coastal bluff scrub, Chaparral,
Coastal scrub; rocky or
gravelly/perennial herb/
May–July/10–165
Not expected to occur. Orcutt’s Dudleya occurs
at the US/Mexico border in one location.
Orcutt’s Dudleya has not been observed within
or directly surrounding Chula Vista, California
(SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
Dudleya
blochmaniae ssp.
blochmaniae
Blochman’s
dudleya
None/None/1B.1/None Coastal bluff scrub, Chaparral,
Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill
grassland; rocky, often clay or
serpentinite/perennial herb/Apr–
June/16–1,475
Not expected to occur. Blochman’s Dudleya
has a coastal distribution and occurs in unique
serpentinite soils not present on-site (SDNHM
2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
Dudleya variegata variegated
dudleya
None/None/1B.2/
Covered NE
Chaparral, Cismontane woodland,
Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill
grassland, Vernal pools;
clay/perennial herb/
Apr–June/10–1,900
Low potential to occur. 100% of the site was
surveyed in April and May 2022 and this plant
was absent.
Ericameria
palmeri var.
palmeri
Palmer’s
goldenbush
None/None/1B.1/
Covered
Chaparral, Coastal scrub;
mesic/perennial evergreen
shrub/(July)Sep–Nov/
98–1,965
Low potential to occur. Palmer’s goldenbush
can easily be observed year-round. Palmer’s
goldenbush was not observed during
vegetation mapping. In addition, collections
have not been made within or directly
surrounding Chula Vista, California (SDNHM
2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-10 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Eryngium
aristulatum var.
parishii
San Diego
button-celery
FE/SE/1B.1/None Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill
grassland, Vernal pools;
mesic/annual / perennial
herb/Apr–June/66–2,030
Not expected to occur. San Diego button celery
occurs within vernal pools. Vernal pools were
not observed onsite. In addition, no collections
have been made within or immediately
surrounding Chula Vista, California (SDNHM
2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
Erysimum
ammophilum
sand-loving
wallflower
None/None/1B.2/None Chaparral (maritime), Coastal
dunes, Coastal scrub; sandy,
openings/perennial herb/
Feb–June/0–195
Not expected to occur. Sand-loving wallflower
occurs in coastal sand and coastal dunes.
Habitat for this species doesn’t occur onsite.
Sand-loving wallflower also has a distribution
near the coastline (SDNHM 2021; Calflora
2021; Reiser 2001).
Erythranthe
diffusa
Palomar
monkeyflower
None/None/4.3/None Chaparral, Lower montane
coniferous forest; sandy or
gravelly/annual herb/
Apr–June/4,000–6,000
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range and there
is no suitable vegetation present. Palomar
moneyflower occurs within central and eastern
San Diego far from Chula Vista, California
(SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001).
Euphorbia misera cliff spurge None/None/
2B.2/None
Coastal bluff scrub, Coastal scrub,
Mojavean desert scrub;
rocky/perennial shrub/
Dec–Aug(Oct)/33–1,640
Low potential to occur. 100% of the site was
surveyed in April and May 2022 and this plant
was absent.
Fremontodendron
mexicanum
Mexican
flannelbush
FE/SR/1B.1/None Closed-cone coniferous forest,
Chaparral, Cismontane woodland;
gabbroic, metavolcanic, or
serpentinite/perennial evergreen
shrub/Mar–June/33–2,345
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. Mexican flannel bush populations
generally occur on Otay mountain. Some
collections have been documented in Bonita,
California. However, if Mexican flannelbush
was present onsite it would have likely been
observed during vegetation mapping as this
species can easily be identified year-round
(SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; iNaturalist
2021; Reiser 2001).
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-11 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Galium proliferum desert
bedstraw
None/None/2B.2/None Joshua tree woodland, Mojavean
desert scrub, Pinyon and juniper
woodland; rocky, carbonate
(limestone)/annual herb/Mar–
June/3,900–5,345
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range and there
is no suitable vegetation present. Collections
are east of Bonita, California and a majority of
collections are in the Mojave desert (SDNHM
2021; Calflora 2021; iNaturalist 2021; Reiser
2001).
Grindelia hallii San Diego
gumplant
None/None/1B.2/None Chaparral, Lower montane
coniferous forest, Meadows and
seeps, Valley and foothill
grassland/perennial herb/
May–Oct/607–5,725
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range and there
is no suitable vegetation present. The majority
of collections are within the Cuyamaca and
Laguna mountains (SDNHM 2021; Calflora
2021; iNaturalist 2021; Reiser 2001).
Harpagonella
palmeri
Palmer’s
grapplinghook
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Valley
and foothill grassland; Clay; open
grassy areas within
shrubland/annual herb/
Mar–May/66–3,130
Low potential to occur. 100% of the site was
surveyed in April and May 2022 and this plant
was absent.
Hesperevax
caulescens
hogwallow
starfish
None/None/4.2/None Valley and foothill grassland
(mesic, clay), Vernal pools
(shallow); sometimes
alkaline/annual herb/
Mar–June/0–1,655
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. Only three collections have been
documented within San Diego county. One
collection is off the 125 freeway in Otay valley,
one in Otay mesa and one near sweetwater
reservoir. No collections have been made in
Chula Vista, California but it is an especially
rare plant in San Diego county (SDNHM 2021;
Calflora 2021; iNaturalist 2021; Reiser 2001).
Hesperocyparis
forbesii
Tecate cypress None/None/1B.1/None Closed-cone coniferous forest,
Chaparral; clay, gabbroic or
metavolcanic/perennial evergreen
tree/N.A./262–4,920
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range and there
is no suitable vegetation present. In addition,
tecate cypress would have been observed
during vegetation mapping as it is a tree that
can be identified year-round (SDNHM 2021;
Calflora 2021; iNaturalist 2021; Reiser 2001).
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-12 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Heterotheca
sessiliflora ssp.
sessiliflora
beach
goldenaster
None/None/1B.1/None Chaparral (coastal), Coastal dunes,
Coastal scrub/perennial
herb/Mar–Dec/0–4,015
Not expected to occur. Beach goldenaster
occurs on coastal dunes, on the edge of salt
marsh and coastal scrub near the beach.
Typically, beach golden aster is found in sandy
soils. Soils within the CSS on-site are clay loam
(SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; iNaturalist
2021; USDA 2021; Reiser 2001).
Holocarpha
virgata ssp.
elongata
graceful
tarplant
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland,
Coastal scrub, Valley and foothill
grassland/annual herb/May–
Nov/197–3,605
Low potential to occur. Graceful tarplant has
not been documented within Chula Vista or
near Chula Vista, California. A rare plant survey
is needed to determine presence for this
annual (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021;
iNaturalist 2021; USDA 2021; Reiser 2001).
Hosackia
crassifolia var.
otayensis
Otay Mountain
lotus
None/None/1B.1/None Chaparral (metavolcanic, often in
disturbed areas)/perennial
herb/May–Aug/1,245–3,295
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range and there
is no suitable vegetation present.
Isocoma menziesii
var. decumbens
decumbent
goldenbush
None/None/1B.2/None Chaparral, Coastal scrub (sandy,
often in disturbed areas)/perennial
shrub/Apr–Nov/33–445
Low potential to occur. Decumbent goldenbush
occurs near the site. However, it would likely
have been observed during vegetation
mapping as it can be identified for much of the
year. A rare plant survey is needed to confirm
presence (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021;
iNaturalist 2021; USDA 2021; Reiser 2001).
Iva hayesiana San Diego
marsh-elder
None/None/2B.2/None Marshes and swamps,
Playas/perennial herb/
Apr–Oct/33–1,640
Low potential to occur. San Diego marsh elder
occurs in channels, swales, and marsh areas.
High quality habitat for this species was not
present onsite due to the disturbances in those
microhabitats. San Diego marsh elder has
been documented right next to the site in Otay
Valley regional park (SDNHM 2021; Calflora
2021; iNaturalist 2021; USDA 2021; Reiser
2001).
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-13 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Juglans californica Southern
California black
walnut
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland,
Coastal scrub, Riparian woodland;
alluvial/perennial deciduous
tree/Mar–Aug/164–2,950
Not expected to occur. Southern California
black walnut would have been observed during
vegetation mapping. It was not present.
Southern California black walnut has not been
collected within or near Chula Vista, California
(SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; iNaturalist
2021; USDA 2021; Reiser 2001).
Juncus acutus
ssp. leopoldii
southwestern
spiny rush
None/None/4.2/None Coastal dunes (mesic), Meadows
and seeps (alkaline seeps),
Marshes and swamps (coastal
salt)/perennial rhizomatous
herb/(Mar)May–June/10–2,950
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. Southwestern spiny rush would have
been observed during vegetation mapping in
the wash areas. Southwestern spiny rush can
be easily observed year-round. Southwestern
spiny rush was not present. Collections have
been made in Otay Valley regional park near
the site (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021;
iNaturalist 2021; USDA 2021; Reiser 2001).
Lepechinia
ganderi
Gander’s
pitcher sage
None/None/1B.3/
Covered
Closed-cone coniferous forest,
Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Valley
and foothill grassland; Gabbroic or
metavolcanic/perennial
shrub/June–July/1,000–3,295
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range. Gander’s
pitcher sage also requires unique soils like
gabbroic or metavolcanic soils which are not
present on-site. The majority of collections
near the site are on Otay mountain (SDNHM
2021; Calflora 2021; iNaturalist 2021; USDA
2021; Reiser 2001).
Lepidium
virginicum var.
robinsonii
Robinson’s
pepper-grass
None/None/4.3/None Chaparral, Coastal scrub/annual
herb/Jan–July/3–2,900
Low potential to occur. 100% of the site was
surveyed in April and May 2022 and this plant
was absent.
Leptosyne
maritima
sea dahlia None/None/2B.2/None Coastal bluff scrub, Coastal
scrub/perennial herb/
Mar–May/16–490
Not expected to occur. Sea dahlia occurs in
sandy soils near the coast. Collections and
observations occur near the coastline. In
addition, sea dahlia can easily be identified
year-round. Sea dahlia was not observed
during vegetation mapping (SDNHM 2021;
Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001; iNaturalist 2021).
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-14 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Lilium humboldtii
ssp. ocellatum
ocellated
Humboldt lily
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland,
Coastal scrub, Lower montane
coniferous forest, Riparian
woodland; openings/perennial
bulbiferous herb/
Mar–July(Aug)/98–5,905
Low potential to occur. Ocellated Humbold lily
has not been documented near the site. It
generally has a distribution near Otay
mountain and near the Cuyamacas (SDNHM
2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001; iNaturalist
2021).
Lycium
californicum
California box-
thorn
None/None/4.2/None Coastal bluff scrub, Coastal
scrub/perennial
shrub/(Dec)Mar,June,
July, Aug/16–490
Low potential to occur. While California box
thorn was observed in 2007 (Appendix G) and
has been documented right next to the site, it
was absent during the 2022 surveys despite
100% coverage of the site in April and May
2022.
Microseris
douglasii ssp.
platycarpha
small-flowered
microseris
None/None/4.2/None Cismontane woodland, Coastal
scrub, Valley and foothill
grassland, Vernal pools;
clay/annual herb/Mar–May/
49–3,510
Low potential to occur. 100% of the site was
surveyed in April and May 2022 and this plant
was absent.
Mobergia
calculiformis
light gray lichen None/None/3/None Coastal scrub (?); On
rocks/crustose lichen
(saxicolous)/N.A./33–35
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range.
Monardella
viminea
willowy
monardella
FE/SE/1B.1/Covered Chaparral, Coastal scrub, Riparian
forest, Riparian scrub, Riparian
woodland; alluvial ephemeral
washes/perennial herb/
June–Aug/164–740
Not expected to occur. Willowy monardella
occurs in a unique microhabitat that consist of
cobbly washes. Habitat for willowy monardella
is not present onsite. In addition, willowy
monardella generally occurs north of the City of
San Diego. No collections have been made
within or surrounding Chula Vista, California
(SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001;
iNaturalist 2021).
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-15 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Mucronea
californica
California
spineflower
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland,
Coastal dunes, Coastal scrub,
Valley and foothill grassland;
sandy/annual herb/
Mar–July(Aug)/0–4,590
Low potential to occur. California spineflower
has not been documented within or near Chula
Vista. California spineflower has a coastal
distribution except for a few outliers in eastern
San Diego County. California spineflower
occurs in sandy soils which area not present
onsite. The site consists of clay loam soils
(SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001;
USDA Soils 2021; iNaturalist 2021).
Myosurus
minimus ssp. apus
little mousetail None/None/3.1/None Valley and foothill grassland,
Vernal pools (alkaline)/annual
herb/Mar–June/66–2,095
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. Little mousetail occurs within vernal
pools. Vernal pools are not present on-site.
The closest collection is near the US/Mexico
border (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser
2001; USDA Soils 2021; iNaturalist 2021).
Navarretia fossalis spreading
navarretia
FT/None/1B.1/
None
Chenopod scrub, Marshes and
swamps (assorted shallow
freshwater), Playas, Vernal
pools/annual herb/
Apr–June/98–2,145
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. Spreading navarretia occurs within
vernal pools. Vernal pools are not present on-
site. No collections or observations have been
made within or directly surrounding Chula
Vista, California (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021;
Reiser 2001; USDA Soils 2021; iNaturalist
2021).
Navarretia
prostrata
prostrate
vernal pool
navarretia
None/None/1B.2/None Coastal scrub, Meadows and
seeps, Valley and foothill grassland
(alkaline), Vernal pools;
Mesic/annual herb/
Apr–July/10–3,965
Not expected to occur. Prostrate vernal pool
navarretia occurs within vernal pools, seeps, or
wet meadows. Habitat for this species doesn’t
occur on-site. In addition, prostrate vernal pool
navarretia has been documented north of the
city of San Diego, California and is not located
within Chula Vista or surrounding areas
(SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001;
iNaturalist 2021).
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-16 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Nemacaulis
denudata var.
denudata
coast woolly-
heads
None/None/1B.2/None Coastal dunes/annual herb/Apr–
Sep/0–330
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. Coast woolly heads occur on beach
sand, on beach dunes. The distribution for
coast woolly heads is along the coastline
where beach sand is present. Soils on-site are
not suitable for coast woolly heads (SDNHM
2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001; USDA
2021; iNaturalist 2021).
Nemacaulis
denudata var.
gracilis
slender
cottonheads
None/None/2B.2/None Coastal dunes, Desert dunes,
Sonoran desert scrub/annual
herb/(Mar)Apr–May/-,165–1,310
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. No collections have been made within
or near Chula Vista, California. Soils on-site are
not sandy enough to support this species. The
soils onsite consist of clay (SDNHM 2021;
Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001; USDA 2021;
iNaturalist 2021).
Ophioglossum
californicum
California
adder’s-tongue
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral, Valley and foothill
grassland, Vernal pools (margins);
mesic/perennial rhizomatous
herb/
(Dec)Jan–June/197–1,720
Low potential to occur. California adder’s
tongue is a rare plant typically found in early
February in areas with high concentrations of
cryptogamic crusts that hold moisture.
Although numerous crusts occur onsite, the
majority are not holding moisture. The nearest
collections for California adder’s tongue are in
Bonita, California (SDNHM 2021; Calflora
2021; Reiser 2001; iNaturalist 2021).
Orcuttia
californica
California
Orcutt grass
FE/SE/1B.1/None Vernal pools/annual herb/
Apr–Aug/49–2,165
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. California Orcutt grass occurs in
vernal pools which are not present on-site. No
collections for California Orcutt grass have
been made in Chula Vista or within the
immediate vicinity (SDNHM 2021; Calflora
2021; Reiser 2001; iNaturalist 2021).
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-17 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Ornithostaphylos
oppositifolia
Baja California
birdbush
None/SE/2B.1/None Chaparral/perennial evergreen
shrub/Jan–Apr/180–2,620
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. Baja California birdbush has only
been documented within the US on the
US/Mexico border. It has not been
documented north of the TJ river valley. In
addition, Baja California birdbush is a large
shrub that would have easily been identified
during vegetation mapping if present onsite
(SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001;
iNaturalist 2021).
Pentachaeta
aurea ssp. aurea
golden-rayed
pentachaeta
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland,
Coastal scrub, Lower montane
coniferous forest, Riparian
woodland, Valley and foothill
grassland/annual herb/
Mar–July/262–6,065
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range. No
collections or observations have been made
for golden-rayed pentacheata anywhere near
the site. A reference check was performed for
golden-rayed pentachaeta in both May and July
of 2021 for another project and it was in full
bloom. Golden-rayed pentachaeta was not
observed during July wildlife surveys onsite. It
would have been observed onsite if present.
The closest collections are near Mt. Laguna far
east of the site (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021;
Reiser 2001; iNaturalist 2021).
Pickeringia
montana var.
tomentosa
woolly
chaparral-pea
None/None/4.3/None Chaparral; Gabbroic, granitic,
clay/evergreen shrub/
May–Aug/0–5,575
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. Gabbroic and or granitic soils are
typically present when woolly chaparral pea is
observed. The site doesn’t have gabbroic or
granitic soils. In addition, most collections and
observations are on Otay mountain wilderness
(SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001;
iNaturalist 2021).
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-18 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Piperia cooperi chaparral rein
orchid
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland,
Valley and foothill
grassland/perennial herb/
Mar–June/49–5,200
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. Chaparral rein orchid is a very
sensitive species that has a required
mycorrhizal association. A collection from
1882 was taken near National City, California.
This is the closest record to Chula Vista,
California (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021;
Reiser 2001; iNaturalist 2021).
Quercus dumosa Nuttall’s scrub
oak
None/None/1B.1/None Closed-cone coniferous forest,
Chaparral, Coastal scrub; sandy,
clay loam/perennial evergreen
shrub/Feb–Apr(May–Aug)/
49–1,310
Not expected to occur. Nuttall’s scrub oak
would have been observed during vegetation
mapping. No scrub oak species were observed.
In addition, no collections have been made
within Chula Vista or surrounding areas for
Nuttall’s scrub oak (SDNHM 2021; Calflora
2021; Reiser 2001; iNaturalist 2021).
Ribes
viburnifolium
Santa Catalina
Island currant
None/None/1B.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane
woodland/perennial evergreen
shrub/Feb–Apr/98–1,145
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. The only collections in San Diego
county are in the TJ river preserve near the
US/Mexico border (SDNHM 2021; Calflora
2021; Reiser 2001; iNaturalist 2021).
Romneya coulteri Coulter’s
matilija poppy
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral, Coastal scrub; Often in
burns/perennial rhizomatous
herb/Mar–July(Aug)/66–3,935
Low potential to occur. Collections have been
made within Bonita, California for Coulter’s
matilija poppy. Coulter’s matilija poppy would
have likely been observed during vegetation
mapping as it is a perennial rhizomatous
species that can easily be identified year-round
(SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001;
iNaturalist 2021).
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-19 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Rosa minutifolia small-leaved
rose
None/SE/2B.1/None Chaparral, Coastal scrub/perennial
deciduous shrub/Jan–June/
492–525
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range. Few small
populations of small-leaved rose occur in San
Diego county and they are near Otay Mesa and
are south of Otay river. Small-leaved rose
would have been observed during vegetation
mapping (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser
2001; iNaturalist 2021).
Salvia munzii Munz’s sage None/None/2B.2/None Chaparral, Coastal scrub/perennial
evergreen shrub/Feb–Apr/
377–3,490
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range. The
majority of collections are within Otay
mountain open space preserve (SDNHM 2021;
Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001; iNaturalist 2021).
Senecio
aphanactis
chaparral
ragwort
None/None/2B.2/None Chaparral, Cismontane woodland,
Coastal scrub; sometimes
alkaline/annual herb/
Jan–Apr(May)/49–2,620
Low potential to occur. Chaparral ragwort has
been collected on the edge of Otay mountain.
No collections or observations have been
made within or near Chula Vista, California
(SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001;
iNaturalist 2021).
Sphaerocarpos
drewiae
bottle liverwort None/None/1B.1/None Chaparral, Coastal scrub;
openings, soil/ephemeral
liverwort/N.A./295–1,965
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range.
Stemodia
durantifolia
purple
stemodia
None/None/2B.1/None Sonoran desert scrub (often mesic,
sandy)/perennial herb/(Jan)Apr,
June, Aug, Sep,Oct, Dec/591–985
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range and there
is no suitable vegetation present. Purple
stemodia occurs in cobbly washes and
basically blooms year-round. Purple stemoidia
would have been observed while doing the
jurisdictional delineation if it was present.
Collections have been made within Otay Valley
regional park right next to the site (SDNHM
2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001; iNaturalist
2021).
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-20 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Stipa diegoensis San Diego
County needle
grass
None/None/4.2/None Chaparral, Coastal scrub; rocky,
often mesic/perennial herb/
Feb–June/33–2,620
Low potential to occur. 100% of the site was
surveyed in April and May 2022 and this plant
was absent.
Streptanthus
bernardinus
Laguna
Mountains
jewelflower
None/None/4.3/None Chaparral, Lower montane
coniferous forest/perennial
herb/May–Aug/2,195–8,200
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range and there
is no suitable vegetation present. The closest
collection is near Otay Lake. No collections
have been made within or near Chula Vista,
California (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021;
Reiser 2001; iNaturalist 2021).
Stylocline
citroleum
oil neststraw None/None/1B.1/None Chenopod scrub, Coastal scrub,
Valley and foothill grassland;
clay/annual herb/Mar–Apr/
164–1,310
Not expected to occur. No collections have
been made within or near Chula Vista,
California (SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021;
Reiser 2001; iNaturalist 2021).
Suaeda esteroa estuary
seablite
None/None/1B.2/None Marshes and swamps (coastal
salt)/perennial herb/
(May)July–Oct(Jan)/0–15
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range and there
is no suitable vegetation present. Estuary
seablite only occurs in coastal salt marsh
which is not present on-site (SDNHM 2021;
Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001; iNaturalist 2021).
Suaeda taxifolia woolly seablite None/None/4.2/None Coastal bluff scrub, Coastal dunes,
Marshes and swamps (margins of
coastal salt)/perennial evergreen
shrub/Jan–Dec/0–165
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present. Woolly seablite has not been observed
or collected within or near Chula Vista,
California. The distribution for Woolly seablite
is along the coastline. Woolly seablite needs
some degree of moisture to persist and is
more likely in coastal saltmarsh (SDNHM
2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001; iNaturalist
2021).
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-21 JUNE 2022
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Tetracoccus
dioicus
Parry’s
tetracoccus
None/None/1B.2/None Chaparral, Coastal scrub/perennial
deciduous shrub/Apr–May/541–
3,280
Not expected to occur. The site is outside of
the species’ known elevation range. Parry’s
tetracoccus can easily be identified year-round.
It would have been observed during vegetation
mapping if present. In addition, collections of
this species are north of Jamul, California
(SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001;
iNaturalist 2021).
Tortula californica California
screw-moss
None/None/1B.2/None Chenopod scrub, Valley and foothill
grassland; sandy,
soil/moss/N.A./33–4,790
Not expected to occur. No suitable vegetation
present.
Source: SDNHM 2021; Calflora 2021; Reiser 2001; iNaturalist 2021; USDA Soils 2021
Notes: CSS = coastal sage scrub
Status Designations
Covered: species covered under the Chula Vista MSCP
FE: Federally listed as endangered
SE: State listed as endangered
SR: State listed as rare
CRPR (California Rare Plant Rank):
CRPR 1A: Plants presumed extirpated in California and either rare or extinct elsewhere
CRPR 1B: Plants rare, threatened, or endangered in California and elsewhere
CRPR 2A: Plants presumed extirpated in California, but common elsewhere
CRPR 2B: Plants rare, threatened, or endangered in California, but more common elsewhere
CRPR 3: Plants about which more information is needed – a review list
CRPR 4: Plants of limited distribution – a watch list
Threat Rank:
1: seriously threatened in California (over 80% of occurrences threatened/high degree and immediacy of threat)
2: moderately threatened in California (20%–80% of occurrences threatened/moderate degree and immediacy of threat)
3: not very threatened in California (<20% of occurrences threatened/low degree and immediacy of threat or no current threats known)
APPENDIX D / SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 D-22 JUNE 2022
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Appendix E
Special-Status Wildlife Species with Low to No
Potential to Occur in the Study area
ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 E-1 JUNE 2023
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status (Federal/
State/MSCP )
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Amphibians
Anaxyrus californicus arroyo toad FE/SSC/Covered Semi-arid areas near washes,
sandy riverbanks, riparian areas,
palm oasis, Joshua tree, mixed
chaparral and sagebrush;
stream channels for breeding
(typically third order); adjacent
stream terraces and uplands for
foraging and wintering
Not expected to occur. There is no connection to
known locations of this species and the site is
surrounded by development. Nearest CNDDB
occurrence, collected in 1997, is 8 miles
northeast of the project site. (CDFW 2021)
Spea hammondii western
spadefoot
None/SSC/None Primarily grassland and vernal
pools, but also in ephemeral
wetlands that persist at least 3
weeks in chaparral, coastal
scrub, valley–foothill woodlands,
pastures, and other agriculture
Low potential to occur on-site. Nearest CNDDB
occurrence record, collected in 2003, is 1 mile
south of the project site in vernal pools located in
the hills north and south of Highway 905 (CDFW
2021). Three tributaries occur onsite. The western
tributary receives runoff from the adjacent
developments creating a perennial source of
water. This drainage outlets into the Otay River
beneath Main Street which provides potential
connectivity. However, no areas for
pooling/ponding were observed within the
western tributary north of Main Street. This
tributary is extremely narrow and has very limited
flow. In addition, access to this tributary is
challenged due to fencing, gates and highly
developed access. The middle tributaries is
extremely disturbed. These tributaries are dry for
the majority of the season. The middle drainage is
covered in plastic trash and consists of hundreds
of tires. The plastics run up to the bank in many
areas. The eastern drainage is rocky and cobbly,
lacking the gravel and sand required by this
species. Gravely and sandy soils are critical
spadefoot habitat (Calherps 2022). Suitable soils
are not present as they are inaccessible to
ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 E-2 JUNE 2023
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status (Federal/
State/MSCP )
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
potential spadefoot. Pooling of water is also
unlikely due to the enormous amount of trash. No
pools or areas of ponding were present. In
addition, fencing, gates and highly developed
access challenge spadefoot from accessing the
eastern tributary onsite. Western spadefoot can
typically be observed from October to May
(Calherps 2022).
Ponding was present at the outlet of the western
tributary on the south side of Main Street. Where
not abutting the slope to the road, the ponded
water is surrounded by dense vegetation.
Spadefoot prefer open areas (Calherps). Further,
the spadefoot records within the Otay River are
limited to more than 4 miles upstream or outside
of the Otay River altogether. Therefore, there is
low potential for this species to occur within the
riprap modification areas.
Finally, surveys were conducted onsite in July,
October, and March and no spadefoots were
observed in any life stages.
Reptiles
Anniella stebbinsi southern
California
legless lizard
None/SSC/None Coastal dunes, stabilized dunes,
beaches, dry washes, valley–
foothill, chaparral, and scrubs;
pine, oak, and riparian
woodlands; associated with
sparse vegetation and moist
sandy or loose, loamy soils
Low potential to occur on-site. Nearest CNDDB
occurrence, collected in 2007, is 2 miles
northwest of the project site. Coastal scrub
present on-site but soils were clayey and rock,
inappropriate for species.
Arizona elegans
occidentalis
California
glossy snake
None/SSC/None Commonly occurs in desert
regions throughout southern
California. Prefers open sandy
Low potential to occur on-site. The nearest
CNDDB occurrence is 1.9 miles west of the
project site. Some suitable vegetation present.
ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 E-3 JUNE 2023
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status (Federal/
State/MSCP )
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
areas with scattered brush. Also
found in rocky areas.
Chelonia mydas green sea
turtle
FT/None/None Shallow waters of lagoons, bays,
estuaries, mangroves, eelgrass,
and seaweed beds
Not expected to occur. No suitable habitat
present.
Plestiodon
skiltonianus
interparietalis
Coronado
skink
None/WL/None Woodlands, grasslands, pine
forests, and chaparral; rocky
areas near water
Low potential to occur. Coronado skink habitat
includes grassland, woodlands, pine forest,
chaparral, especially in open sunny area such as
clearings and the edges of creeks and rivers
(Calherps 2022). Rocky habitats near streams
and areas with lots of vegetation near streams is
another habitat type (Calherps 2022). Habitat
onsite is not suitable for Coronado skink. The site
is disturbed near the tributaries with homeless
encampments, garbage and graded dirt roads.
The site provides limited access for Coronado
skink. Highways and development are directly
adjacent to the site on all sides. In addition, no
Coronado skink were observed during wildlife
surveys even though rocky areas were thoroughly
studied, and areas of any leaf litter were also
examined. The nearest CNDDB record of
occurrence, collected in 2004, is 5 miles
southwest of the project site. There are no recent
records (CNDDB, iNaturalist 2021).
Salvadora hexalepis
virgultea
coast patch-
nosed snake
None/SSC/
None
Brushy or shrubby vegetation;
requires small mammal burrows
for refuge and overwintering
sites
Low potential to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 2004, is 7 miles east
of the project site. Suitable vegetation and small
mammal burrows present; however, there are no
recent records near the site (CNDDB, iNaturalist
2021).
Thamnophis
hammondii
two-striped
gartersnake
None/SSC/
None
Streams, creeks, pools, streams
with rocky beds, ponds, lakes,
vernal pools
Low potential to occur on-site. The nearest
CNDDB record of occurrence, collected in 2001, is
4.2 miles northeast of the project site. Marginal
ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 E-4 JUNE 2023
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status (Federal/
State/MSCP )
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
habitat and vegetation present around aquatic
features on-site. Two-striped gartersnake is
typically associated with streams, creeks and or
pools (Calherps 2022). Typically, two striped
gartersnakes will eat fish, fish eggs, toads, small
frogs and leeches (Calherps 2022). No prey is
present onsite for two-striped gartersnake. The
western drainage has perennial water, but it is
quite narrow and shallow and the isolated ponded
water at the outlet on the south side of Main
Street is isolated, small and unlikely to support
habitat for this species. In addition, surveys were
conducted onsite in July, October, and March and
two-striped gartersnake was not observed.
Weather conditions and survey timing would have
been ideal to observe this species.
Birds
Agelaius tricolor
(nesting colony)
tricolored
blackbird
BCC/SSC, ST/
Covered
Nests near freshwater, emergent
wetland with cattails or tules, but
also in Himalayan blackberrry;
forages in grasslands, woodland,
and agriculture
Not expected to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 1936, is 1.3 miles
northwest of the project site. No suitable
vegetation present for nesting or forage.
Athene cunicularia
(burrow sites and
some wintering sites)
burrowing owl BCC/SSC/Covered Nests and forages in grassland,
open scrub, and agriculture,
particularly with ground squirrel
burrows
Low potential to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 2005, is 2.2 miles
southeast of the project site. The vegetation on
site is dense and the topography is steep in most
areas.
Buteo swainsoni
(nesting)
Swainson’s
hawk
None/ST/Covered Nests in open woodland and
savanna, riparian, and in
isolated large trees; forages in
nearby grasslands and
agricultural areas such as wheat
and alfalfa fields and pasture
Not expected to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 1889, is 6 miles north
of the project site. No suitable vegetation is
present on-site for nesting or foraging.
ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 E-5 JUNE 2023
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status (Federal/
State/MSCP )
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Circus hudsonius
(nesting)
northern
harrier
BCC/SSC/Covered Nests in open wetlands (marshy
meadows, wet lightly-grazed
pastures, old fields, freshwater
and brackish marshes); also in
drier habitats (grassland and
grain fields); forages in
grassland, scrubs, rangelands,
emergent wetlands, and other
open habitats
Not expected to nest on-site. Known as the marsh
hawk, northern harrier requires dense marsh
vegetation for nesting (Unit et al. 2004). Northern
harrier nesting is within dense marsh vegetation
that allows eggs to be hidden on the ground. The
site lacks any kind of nesting habitat. Therefore,
nesting onsite is not expected to occur. The
nearest CNDDB record of occurrence, collected in
2014, is 3.5 miles southeast of the project site.
Moderate potential to forage on site. This species
was observed flying over the site during the 2007
surveys (Merkel 2007). Suitable scrub vegetation
is present on-site which may provide some
foraging habitat, though there is no nesting
habitat on site due to the dense scrub and steep
topography.
Coccyzus americanus
occidentalis (nesting)
western
yellow-billed
cuckoo
FT/SE/None Nests in dense, wide riparian
woodlands and forest with well-
developed understories
Not expected to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 1915, is 3.6 miles
north of the project site. Riparian vegetation on-
site and off-site is of marginal quality and mostly
consists of tamarisk and is found in small dense
patches with little room for an open understory.
There are no recent records in the Otay River for
this species.
Coturnicops
noveboracensis
yellow rail BCC/SSC/None Nesting requires wet
marsh/sedge meadows or
coastal marshes with wet soil
and shallow, standing water
Not expected to occur. There are no CNDDB
occurrences for this species within 10 miles of the
project site. No suitable vegetation present.
Empidonax traillii
extimus (nesting)
southwestern
willow
flycatcher
FE/SE/Covered Nests in dense riparian habitats
along streams, reservoirs, or
wetlands; uses variety of riparian
and shrubland habitats during
migration
Not expected to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 1999, is 8.2 miles
north of the project site. Riparian vegetation on-
site and off-site is of marginal quality and mostly
consists of tamarisk and is found in small dense
patches with little room for an open understory.
ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 E-6 JUNE 2023
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status (Federal/
State/MSCP )
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
There are no recent records in the Otay River for
this species.
Eremophila
alpestris actia
California
horned lark
None/WL/None This subspecies of horned lark
occurs on the state’s southern
and central coastal slope and in
the San Joaquin Valley. Nests
and forages in grasslands,
disturbed lands, agriculture, and
beaches.
Not expected to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 2016, is 2.2 miles
southeast of the project site. California horned
lark is a year-round species that would have been
observed during wildlife surveys from July 1, 2021
– October 25, 2021. None were observed.
Falco peregrinus
anatum (nesting)
American
peregrine
falcon
FD/FP, SCD/
Covered
Nests on cliffs, buildings, and
bridges; forages in wetlands,
riparian, meadows, croplands,
especially where waterfowl are
present
Not expected to nest on site. The nearest CNDDB
record of occurrence, collected in 1990, is 7 miles
northwest of the project site. There is no nesting
habitat on site. There is low potential for this
species to forage on site based on limited habitat.
Occurrence on-site would be limited to transient
foragers.
Laterallus jamaicensis
coturniculus
California
black rail
None/FP, ST/None Tidal marshes, shallow
freshwater margins, wet
meadows, and flooded grassy
vegetation; suitable habitats are
often supplied by canal leakage
in Sierra Nevada foothill
populations
Not expected to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 1966, is 6.2 miles
west of the project site. No suitable vegetation
present.
Pandion haliaetus
(nesting)
osprey None/WL/None Large waters (lakes, reservoirs,
rivers) supporting fish; usually
near forest habitats, but widely
observed along the coast
Low potential to nest or forage. The nearest
CNDDB record of occurrence, collected in 2019, is
5.2 miles west of the project site. Suitable
foraging and nesting habitat is not present on-site.
Passerculus
sandwichensis
beldingi
Belding’s
savannah
sparrow
BCC/SE/Covered Nests and forages in coastal
saltmarsh dominated by
pickleweed (Salicornia spp.)
Not expected to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 2001, is 4.5 miles
west of the project site. No suitable vegetation
present.
Pelecanus
occidentalis
californicus (nesting
California
brown pelican
FPD/FP, SCD/
Covered
Forages in warm coastal marine
and estuarine environments; in
Not expected to occur. No CNDDB records within
10 miles of the project site. No suitable
vegetation present.
ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 E-7 JUNE 2023
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status (Federal/
State/MSCP )
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
colonies and
communal roosts)
California, nests on dry, rocky
offshore islands
Rallus obsoletus
levipes
Ridgway’s rail FE/FP, SE/Covered Coastal wetlands, brackish
areas, coastal saline emergent
wetlands
Not expected to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 1985, is 4.3 miles
west of the project site. No suitable vegetation
present on site or off site.
Sternula antillarum
browni (nesting
colony)
California
least tern
FE/FP, SE/Covered Forages in shallow estuaries and
lagoons; nests on sandy beaches
or exposed tidal flats
Not expected to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 1977, is 5.2 miles
west of the project site. No suitable vegetation
present.
Fishes
Oncorhynchus mykiss
irideus pop. 10
southern
steelhead -
southern
California DPS
FE/None/None Clean, clear, cool, well-
oxygenated streams; needs
relatively deep pools in migration
and gravelly substrate to spawn
Not expected to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 1927, is 4.3 miles
southwest of the project site. No suitable habitat
present.
Mammals
Antrozous pallidus pallid bat None/SSC/None Grasslands, shrublands,
woodlands, forests; most
common in open, dry habitats
with rocky outcrops for roosting,
but also roosts in man-made
structures and trees
Low potential occur on-site. The nearest CNDDB
record of occurrence, collected in 1946, is 4.3
miles southwest of the project site. Limited
roosting opportunity on-site.
Choeronycteris
mexicana
Mexican long-
tongued bat
None/SSC/None Desert and montane riparian,
desert succulent scrub, desert
scrub, and pinyon–juniper
woodland; roosts in caves,
mines, and buildings
Not expected to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 1986, is 5 miles west
of the project site. No suitable vegetation present.
Corynorhinus
townsendii
Townsend’s
big-eared bat
None/SSC/None Mesic habitats characterized by
coniferous and deciduous
forests and riparian habitat, but
also xeric areas; roosts in
limestone caves and lava tubes,
Low potential occur on-site. The nearest CNDDB
record of occurrence, collected in 2005, is 7.3
miles east of the project site. Some marginally
suitable vegetation present.
ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 E-8 JUNE 2023
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status (Federal/
State/MSCP )
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
man-made structures, and
tunnels
Dasypterus xanthinus western
yellow bat
None/SSC/None Valley–foothill riparian, desert
riparian, desert wash, and palm
oasis habitats; below 2,000 feet
above mean sea level; roosts in
riparian and palms
Not expected to occur. No CNDDB records within
10 miles of the project site. Only marginally
suitable vegetation present.
Nyctinomops
femorosaccus
pocketed free-
tailed bat
None/SSC/None Pinyon–juniper woodlands,
desert scrub, desert succulent
shrub, desert riparian, desert
wash, alkali desert scrub, Joshua
tree, and palm oases; roosts in
high cliffs or rock outcrops with
drop-offs, caverns, and buildings
Low potential occur on-site. The nearest CNDDB
record of occurrence, collected in 1987, is 4.1
miles northwest of the project site. No suitable
vegetation present.
Nyctinomops macrotis big free-tailed
bat
None/SSC/None Rocky areas; roosts in caves,
holes in trees, buildings, and
crevices on cliffs and rocky
outcrops; forages over water
Low potential occur on-site. The nearest CNDDB
record of occurrence, collected in 2003, is 9.4
miles northeast of the project site. No suitable
vegetation present.
Perognathus
longimembris
pacificus
Pacific pocket
mouse
FE/SSC/None fine-grained sandy substrates in
open coastal strand, coastal
dunes, and river alluvium
Not expected to occur. The only location where
this subspecies occurs in San Diego County is at
Camp Pendleton and Santa Margarita (Tremor
et al. 2017).
Taxidea taxus American
badger
None/SSC/Covered Dry, open, treeless areas;
grasslands, coastal scrub,
agriculture, and pastures,
especially with friable soils
Low potential to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 2002, is 5.5 miles
southwest of the project site. The site is densely
vegetated with steep topography and surrounded
by development. Further, there are no records of
this species nearby (Tremor et al.).
Invertebrates
Bombus crotchii Crotch
bumble bee
None/None/None Open grassland and scrub
communities supporting suitable
floral resources.
Low potential occur on-site. Focused surveys
conducted in 2023 were negative for this species.
There is one Crotch bumble bee record
approximately 1.6 miles south of the project site
reported in 2017, as well as two others from 2017
ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 E-9 JUNE 2023
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status (Federal/
State/MSCP )
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
and 2021 approximately 5 miles from the site, all
reported in iNaturalist (Richardson 2023). The
closest CNDDB records for this species are located
6.6 miles and 7 miles from the site (CDFW 2023b).
Crotch’s bumble bee can be a floral generalist but
are most attracted to Ceanothus species and
Arctostaphylos species (Frankie et al. 2014), and
species in the Fabaceae family. These species are
limited or not present onsite.
Branchinecta
sandiegonensis
San Diego
fairy shrimp
FE/None/Covered Vernal pools, non-vegetated
ephemeral pools
Not expected to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 2010, is 0.4 miles
south of the project site. There are no vernal pools
on site.
Danaus plexippus
pop. 1
monarch FC/None/None Wind-protected tree groves with
nectar sources and nearby water
sources
Low potential to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 2014, is 5.9 miles
northwest of the project site. Limited suitable
vegetation present. No nearby orchards or other
agricultural facilities, though some water sources
found on-site and nearby. No milkweed (Asclepias
spp.) was observed during the 2007 rare plant
survey and has not been detected in 2021.
Euphydryas editha
quino
quino
checkerspot
butterfly
FE/None/Covered Annual forblands, grassland,
open coastal scrub and
chaparral; often soils with
cryptogamic crusts and fine-
textured clay; host plants include
Plantago erecta, Antirrhinum
coulterianum, and Plantago
patagonica (Silverado
Occurrence Complex)
Low potential to occur. This species was not
observed during focused surveys in 2007 (Merkel
2007). The nearest CNDDB record of occurrence,
collected in 1998, is 2.8 miles east of the project
site. Suitable coastal scrub vegetation present
although the vegetation is dense; host plants
were detected during the 2007 surveys (Merkel
2007). The project site is located in a
Development Area that does not require protocol
surveys (City of Chula Vista 2003). There is no
suitable habitat in the offsite riprap modification
areas.
ATTACHMENT D / SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES WITH LOW TO NO POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE STUDY AREA
13518 E-10 JUNE 2023
Scientific Name
Common
Name
Status (Federal/
State/MSCP )
Primary Habitat Associations/
Life Form/ Blooming Period/
Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur
Lycaena hermes Hermes
copper
FT/None/None Mixed woodlands, chaparral, and
coastal scrub
Not expected to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 2004, is 7.3 miles
northeast of the project site. The site does not
contain suitable host and nectar plants (Rhamnus
crocea within 15 feet of Eriogonum fasciculatum).
Streptocephalus
woottoni
Riverside fairy
shrimp
FE/None/
Covered
Vernal pools, non-vegetated
ephemeral pools
Not expected to occur. The nearest CNDDB record
of occurrence, collected in 2010, is 0.8 miles
south of the project site. There are no vernal pools
on-site or off-site.
Source: CDFW 2021; City of Chula Vista 2003; Merkel 2007; iNaturalist 2021; Tremor et al. 2017
Notes: CNDBB = California Natural Diversity Database; MSCP = Multiple Species Conservation Program; FE: Federally listed as endangered; FT: Federally listed as threatened; FC:
Federal candidate for listing; FD: Federally delisted due to recovery; BCC: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Bird of Conservation Concern; SSC: California Species of Special Concern; FP:
California fully protected species; WL: California Watch List species; SE: State listed as endangered; ST: State listed threatened; SCD: State candidate for delisting; Covered: covered
species under the MSCP
Appendix F
Habitat Loss and Incidental Take Ordinance Findings
APPENDIX F / HABITAT LOSS AND INCIDENTAL TAKE ORDINANCE FINDINGS
13518 F-1 DECEMBER 2022
The purpose of the Habitat Loss and Incidental Take (HLIT) regulations is to protect and conserve native habitat
within the City of Chula Vista and the viability of the species supported by those habitats. HLIT regulations are
intended to implement the City of Chula Vista Multiple Species Conservation Program (MSCP) Subarea Plan (City
of Chula Vista 2003) and ensure that development occurs in a manner that protects the overall quality of the
habitat resources, encourages a sensitive form of development, and retains biodiversity and interconnected
habitats. HLIT regulations also intend to protect public health, safety, and welfare (Chula Vista Municipal Code
[CVMC] 17.35 et seq.).
Projects within the City of Chula Vista’s jurisdiction are required to comply with the City of Chula Vista’s MSCP
Subarea Plan. This includes obtaining a HLIT permit pursuant to the HLIT Ordinance. The Nirvana Project is
subject to this ordinance because, as stated in Section 5.2.2 Habitat Loss and Incidental Take Ordinance (City of
Chula Vista 2003), the Subarea Plan requires issuance of an HLIT permit for “all development within the City’s
jurisdiction which is not located within the Development Areas of Covered Projects prior to issuance of any land
development permit”. The HLIT regulations apply to the earliest decision on any entitlement related to a Project
Area located within the following mapped areas identified in the Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan (unless exempt
as noted): (1) 100% Conservation Areas, (2) 75-100% Conservation Areas, and (3) Development Areas outside of
Covered Projects.
The following are exempt from the requirements of the HLIT Ordinance:
1. Development of a Project Area that is one acre or less in size and located entirely in a mapped
Development Area outside of Covered Projects.
2. Development of a Project Area which is located entirely within the mapped Development Area outside
Covered Projects, and where it has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Director of Planning and
Building, or his/her designee, that no Sensitive Biological Resources exist on the Project Area.
3. Development that is limited to interior modifications or repairs and any exterior repairs, alterations or
maintenance that does not increase the footprint of an existing building or accessory structure, which will
not encroach into identified Sensitive Biological Resources during or after construction.
4. Any project within the Development Area of a Covered Project.
5. Any project that has an effective incidental take permit from the Wildlife Agencies.
6. Continuance of Agricultural Operations.
Proposed Project
The proposed project is in a Development Area within the City’s jurisdiction (outside the Preserve) and is not
categorized as a “covered project”. The off-site riprap modification is located within a 100% Conservation Area.
Exemption status for the proposed project does not apply. The Proposed Project is not located within lands
designated as the Minor or Major Amendment Areas. As such, a Subarea Plan Amendment is not required.
The HLIT Ordinance requires biological evaluation of all resources on site for project’s within Development Areas
outside of covered projects and 100% Conservation Areas that contain sensitive biological resources.
Pursuant to the City’s HLIT Ordinance, Section 17.35.080 – Required Findings for Issuance of an HLIT Permit,
written findings need to be prepared and submitted to the City for review and approval prior to issuance of any
APPENDIX F / HABITAT LOSS AND INCIDENTAL TAKE ORDINANCE FINDINGS
13518
F-2 DECEMBER 2022
land development permits, including clearing and grubbing or grading permits. Table F-1, Table F-2, and Table F-3
summarize the project’s conformity to the Required Findings, General MSCP Development Regulations, and
Specific MSCP Land Use and Development Regulations for the HLIT Ordinance.
Table F-.1 Required Findings for Issuance of an HLIT Permit (Chula Vista Municipal
Code 17.35.080)
Required Findings for Issuance of an
HLIT Permit (Section 17.35.080): Analysis Consistency
The proposed development in the Project
Area and associated mitigation are
consistent with the Chula Vista MSCP
Subarea Plan as adopted on May 13, 2003,
and as may be amended from time to time,
the MSCP Implementation Guidelines, and
the development standards set forth in
Section 17.35.100 of the Municipal Code.
Section 5.2.2 HLIT Ordinance of the
Subarea Plan (City of Chula Vista 2003)
requires issuance of an HLIT permit for “all
development within the City’s jurisdiction
which is not located within the
Development Areas of Covered Projects
prior to issuance of any land development
permit.” As such, the entire Project site
would require issuance of an HLIT permit.
The Project would impact sensitive
biological resources within the on-site
maritime succulent scrub, unvegetated
stream, and tamarisk scrub vegetation
shown on Figure 6. Mitigation for these
impacts has been established in
accordance with the ratios in the Subarea
Plan. Mitigation Measures have been
incorporated into the project to compensate
for direct and indirect impacts to sensitive
vegetation communities (i.e., maritime
succulent scrub). Mitigation for impacts to
these habitat types are described in
Mitigation Measures MM-1 and MM-2. In
addition, the project will be required to
apply for and obtain all necessary
regulatory agency permits as described in
Mitigation Measure MM-6. Other Mitigation
Measures that apply include clearing and
grubbing or grading measures and
migratory and nesting bird measures.
Mitigation for these impacts will be in
accordance with the City of Chula Vista
MSCP Subarea Plan (HLIT). Prior to issuance
of any land development permits, the
applicant shall mitigate for direct impacts
pursuant to Section 5.2.2 of the City’s MSCP
Subarea Plan (City of Chula Vista 2003). In
compliance with the City’s Subarea Plan, the
applicant shall secure mitigation credits
within a City/Wildlife Agency-approved
Conservation Bank or other approved
location offering such credits consistent with
Consistent
APPENDIX F / HABITAT LOSS AND INCIDENTAL TAKE ORDINANCE FINDINGS
13518
F-3 DECEMBER 2022
Table F-.1 Required Findings for Issuance of an HLIT Permit (Chula Vista Municipal
Code 17.35.080)
Required Findings for Issuance of an
HLIT Permit (Section 17.35.080): Analysis Consistency
the ratios specified in Table 13 which are in
accordance with the ratios set forth in the
Subarea Plan.
The nature and extent of mitigation
required as a condition of the permit is
reasonably related to and calculated to
alleviate negative impacts created in the
Project Area.
Appropriate mitigation measures,
consistent with the MSCP, have been
proposed and will be implemented for this
project and are provided within the
Biological Resources Technical Report.
Consistent
Narrow Endemic Findings One Narrow Endemic species has been
documented within the on-site impact area:
San Diego ambrosia. Section 5.4.2 of the
Biological Resources Technical Report
provides the Equivalency Analysis for
Narrow Endemic Species.
Consistent
Wetland Findings Wetlands impacts are anticipated as a
result of the proposed project. See
descriptions below.
Prior to the issuance of a Land
Development Permit or Clearing and
Grubbing Permit, the project proponent will
be required to obtain any applicable state
and federal permits, with copies provided to
the Director of Planning and Building or
his/her designee.
The project site will incorporate the removal
of vegetation identified as Wetland and Tier
1 and IV on Table 5-3 of the Chula Vista
MSCP Subarea Plan (City of Chula Vista
2003). The wetland and Tier 1 areas
require a permit issued pursuant to Section
17.35 of the Municipal Code (the HLIT
Ordinance). The HLIT Ordinance includes a
provision for issuance of a Clearing and
Grubbing Permit that allows removal of
vegetation, including removal of root
systems, which is not in association with
other Land Development Work.
Wetland delineations have been conducted
for the project and jurisdictional waters
have been identified within the impact area.
Further consultation with CDFG, USACE,
and RWQCB will be conducted to verify the
extent of jurisdiction for each agency. Upon
this determination, the necessary permits
will need to be obtained from the agencies
and copies provided to the City prior to
grading in order to address this finding in
accordance with Mitigation Measure MM-6.
Consistent
Impacts to wetlands have been avoided
and/or minimized to the maximum extent
practicable, consistent with the City of
Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan
Section 5.2.4.
Based on the topography and underlying
soils, the entire site (on-site) must be
graded in order to meet safety and building
requirements. The eastern-most channel
was avoided based on design changes
Consistent
APPENDIX F / HABITAT LOSS AND INCIDENTAL TAKE ORDINANCE FINDINGS
13518
F-14 DECEMBER 2022
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Appendix G
Merkel & Associates Biological Impact Analysis Report
for the Chula Vista Street Western Parcel Project
Coastal California Gnatcatcher Protocol Surveys 45-day Letter Report
LITERATURE CITED
American Ornithologists’Union.1998.Check-list of North American Birds,7th ed.American
Ornithologists’Union,Washington D.C.
.2006.Forty-seventh Supplement to the American Ornithologists’Union Check-list of North
American Birds [Internet].Auk 123(3):926-936.Available from:
http://www.aou .org /cliecklist /index.php3.
Grishaver,M.A.,P.J.Mock,and K.L.Preston .1998.Breeding Behavior Of The California
Gnatcatcher In Southwestern San Diego County,California.Pages 299-322 in:Biology Of The
California Gnatcatcher.Western Birds 29 (4):237-500.
Holland RF .1986.Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California.
Nongame-Heritage Program;State of California;Department of Fish and Game.
Sacramento,California.157pp.
Rebman JP,Simpson MG.2006.Checklist of Vascular Plants of San Diego County,4th Edition
[Internet],ISBN 0-918969-05-0.Available from :
http://www.sdnhiri.org/research /botanv/sdplants/
U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS).1997.Coastal California Gnatcatcher (Polioptila
californica californica)Presence/Absence Survey Protocol.5 pp.
Page 9 of 9ChulaVistaMainStreetProject
Appendix H
California Gnatcatcher Protocol Survey Reports
13518
1 August 2021
August 19, 2021 13518
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Attention: Recovery Permit Coordinator
2177 Salk Avenue, No. 250
Carlsbad, California 92008
Subject: 2021 Focused Coastal California Gnatcatcher Survey Report for the Proposed Nirvana Project,
Chula Vista, County of San Diego, California
Dear Recovery Permit Coordinator:
This letter report documents the results of three protocol-level focused surveys for the coastal California gnatcatcher
(Polioptila californica californica) that were conducted for the proposed Nirvana Project (project), which is located on an
approximately 13.49-acre site, by Dudek biologists Erin Bergman between July 1, 2021, and August 13, 2021. The
surveys were conducted in areas of suitable coastal California gnatcatcher habitat. This report is intended to satisfy
reporting requirements for coastal California gnatcatcher -permitted biologists Erin Bergman (TE-53771B-2).
The coastal California gnatcatcher is a federally listed threatened species and a California Department of Fish and
Wildlife species of special concern. It is closely associated with coastal sage scrub habitat and, therefore,
threatened primarily by habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation. Coastal California gnatcatcher typically occurs
below 820 feet above mean sea level within 22 miles of the coast. Studies have suggested that coastal California
gnatcatcher avoid nesting on very steep slopes (greater than 40%) (Bontrager 1991). Coastal California gnatcatcher
is also impacted by brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater) nest parasitism (Braden et al. 1997).
Project Location and Existing Conditions
The study area is located within Chula Vista, California (Figure 1, Project Location). The site is 13.49 acres located
at 821 Main Street on the north side of Main Street and east of Nirvana Avenue in the City of Chula Vista (City). It
comprises Tax Assessor parcel numbers – APNs 644-050-060-1300 & 644-050-60-1400.
Elevation on site ranges between approximately 139 feet and 212 feet above mean sea level. The landscape is flat
apart from the southern section of the property that is particularly steep. The site is located within Section 20 of
Township 18 south and Range 1 west in the 7.5-minute USGS Imperial Beach quadrangle.
Vegetation Communities
One plant community was identified within the project site as highly suitable coastal California gnatcatcher habitat:
maritime succulent scrub. Four other vegetation communities were not considered highly suitable habitat. These
included disturbed habitat, urban/developed, tamarisk scrub and unvegetated stream. Due to proximity and
intermixed nature of other vegetation communities, all vegetation was included within the study area.
Approximately, 13.49 acres of coastal California gnatcatcher-suitable habitat was mapped on site in accordance with
Holland (1986) and Oberbauer et al. (2008). The 13.49-acre project site primarily consists of maritime succulent
Recovery Permit Coordinator
Subject: 2021 Focused Coastal California Gnatcatcher Survey Report for the Proposed Nirvana Project,
Chula Vista, County of San Diego, California
13518
2 August 2021
scrub. The vegetation communities and land cover types recorded on the project site are described in detail below,
their acreages are presented in Table 1 and vegetation figures are presented in Figure 2.
Table 1. Vegetation Communities and Land Cover within the Study Area
Vegetation Community/ Land Cover Acres
Disturbed Habitat 0.26
Urban/Developed 0.02
Maritime succulent scrub 12.73
Tamarisk scrub 0.27
Unvegetated Stream 0.21
Total 13.49
Maritime Succulent Scrub
Maritime succulent scrub is a low-lying community with openings that range from 25% to 75% cover and is
dominated by drought deciduous, woody, malacophyllous shrubs with a rich admixture of stem and leaf succulents.
Cacti is more dominant in inland populations and southern populations. Large portions of the ground are bare
between the shrubs. Most of the growth and flowering occurs in the springtime within this community. Maritime
succulent scrub extends as far inland as Bonita, Ca. Maritime succulent scrub is typically dominated by some or all
of the following species: California copperleaf (Acalypha californica), Shaw’s agave (Agave shawii), California
sagebrush (Artemisia californica), golden spined cereus (Bergerocactus emoryi), California encelia (Encelia
californica), cliff spurge (Euphorbia misera), coast barrel cactus (Ferocactus viridescens), California box thorn
(Lycium californicum), coast prickly pear (Opuntia littoralis), chaparral prickly pear (Opuntia oricola), coast cholla
(Cylindropuntia prolifera), lemonade berry (Rhus integrifolia), San Diego sunflower (Viguera or Bahiopsis laciniata)
(Oberbauer 2001).
Onsite, there are 12.73 acres of Maritime succulent scrub present. Numerous succulent species are present and,
in some areas, abundant. Succulents are dominant or scattered around the plant community and include coastal
barrel cactus (Ferocactus viridescens), coast cholla (Cylindropuntia prolifera), strawberry cactus (Mammilaria
dioica) and coastal prickly pear (Opuntia littoralis). Larger dominant shrubs growing with the succulents include
jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis), lemonadeberry (Rhus integrifolia), California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum),
San Diego sunflower (Bahiopsis laciniata), laurel sumac (Malosma laurina) and California adolphia (Adolphia
californica). Less commonly occurring species within the maritime succulent scrub include Mojave yucca (Yucca
schidigera), cane bluestem (Bothriochloa barbinoidis) and clustered tarplant (Deinandra fasciculata). The majority
of the maritime succulent scrub on site is high quality with only few non-native grass species. Non-native grasses
scattered throughout the site are few and include mostly a variety of European bromes like red brome (Bromus
rubens), rip gut brome (Bromus diandrus) and false brome (Brachypodium distachyon). Large open patches of the
maritime succulent scrub are dominated by cryptogamic crusts and spikemoss species. Ashy spikemoss
(Selaginella cinerascens) is a dominate plant on site within most openings. Soils within this vegetation community
consist of clay loams. Maritime succulent scrub is the overall dominant plant community onsite.
Recovery Permit Coordinator
Subject: 2021 Focused Coastal California Gnatcatcher Survey Report for the Proposed Nirvana Project,
Chula Vista, County of San Diego, California
13518
3 August 2021
Tamarisk scrub
Tamarisk scrub (Tamarix ramosissima) is a non-native community consisting almost entirely as a monoculture.
Tamarisk scrub supplants native vegetation following a major disturbance. Tamarisk scrub is found in sandy,
gravelly braided channels, or washes or intermittent streams. Tamarisk is a prolific seeding species and an
aggressive competitor to other species in riparian corridors. Tamarix scrub is widely scattered and increasing its
range, throughout the drier parts of California. Tamarix scrub is also moving into the deserts of Nevada, Arizona
and beyond (Oberbauer 2008).
Onsite, 0.27 acres of Tamarisk scrub is present. Tamarisk is the dominant within the plant community on site making up
95% of the vegetative cover. This tamarisk community can be easily identified with aerial photography due to the density.
Onsite, two narrow riparian corridors are present within the project boundary that contain tamarisk. One corridor sits on
the very western side of the site and the other near the central portion of the site. Tamarisk creates dense monocultures
that allow minimal light penetration to the ground onsite. A few remnant willows were still present onsite. Thick stands
of tamarisk allow for few annuals and few small perennials to persist below the canopy. The soils below the tamarisk
consist of sand or sandy loams. These small annuals and perennials tolerate shade well. Below the tamarisk community
on site patches of wild celery (Apium graveolens), water cress (Nasturtium officinale), cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium),
smilograss (Stipa miliacea), red brome and rip gut brome are present.
Unvegetated Stream Channel
Unvegetated stream channel is an aquatic community characterized by sandy, gravelly, or rocky fringes found around
waterways or flood channels. Vegetation may be present but is usually is less than 10% total cover and grows on the
outer edge of the channels (Oberbauer 2008).
On-site, 0.21 acres of unvegetated stream occurs within the two drainages that generally flow north to south across
the site. These drainages are both found at the bottom of steep slopes, one on the western edge of the project, the
other in the center. The central channel’s eastern slope and edge consist of patches of dense singlewhorl burrobush
(Ambrosia monogyra).
Disturbed Habitat
Disturbed habitats are areas that have been physically disturbed and are no longer recognizable as a native or
naturalized vegetation association. These areas may continue to retain soil substrate. If vegetation is present, it is
almost entirely composed of non-native vegetation, such as ornamentals or ruderal exotic species. Examples of these
areas may include graded landscapes or areas, graded firebreaks, graded construction pads, temporary construction
staging areas, off-road-vehicle trails, areas repeatedly cleared for fuel management, or areas that are repeatedly used
in ways that prevent revegetation (e.g., parking lots, trails that have persisted for years). (Oberbauer et al. 2008).
On-site, 0.26 acres of disturbed habitat is found near the central portion of the site. This area consists of an old dirt
road and other disturbances. The majority of this disturbed habitat has either compacted soils, soils that may have
been historically disced and or graded to maintain a dirt road. In this disturbed area, non -native European bromes
dominate. However, the edges of this disturbed habitat consist of San Diego ambrosia (Ambrosia pumila). San
Diego ambrosia continues into the maritime succulent scrub habitat.
Recovery Permit Coordinator
Subject: 2021 Focused Coastal California Gnatcatcher Survey Report for the Proposed Nirvana Project,
Chula Vista, County of San Diego, California
13518
4 August 2021
Urban/Developed
Urban/developed land refers to areas that have been constructed on or disturbed so severely that native vegetation is
no longer supported. Developed land includes areas with permanent or semi-permanent structures, pavement or
hardscape, landscaped areas, and areas with a large amount of debris or other materials (Oberbauer et al. 2008).
On-site, 0.02 acre of urban/developed land is found in a small section of the project’s northwest corner in an
existing developed lot. It is the smallest community on-site.
Methods
Three focused surveys for coastal California gnatcatcher were performed within suitable habitat between July 1,
2021, and April 13, 2021, by coastal California gnatcatcher-permitted biologists Erin Bergman according to the
schedule in Table 2. The surveys were conducted following the currently accepted protocol of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Coastal California Gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica californica) Presence/Absence Survey Protocol (USFWS
1997), using the breeding season survey methods.
Table 2. Schedule of 2021 Coastal California Gnatcatcher Surveys
Date Time Biologist
Survey Effort
(acres/hour) Survey Conditions
07/01/2021 7:20 AM–11:47 AM Erin Bergman 3 61–84°F; 0% cloud cover;
1–4 mph wind
07/23/2021 5:59 a.m.–11:46
a.m.
Erin Bergman 3 62–78°F; 30–90% cloud
cover; 0–3 mph wind
8/13/2021 6:02 AM–11:45 AM Erin Bergman 3 66–84°F; 0–10% cloud
cover; 0–3 mph wind
Survey routes for site visits completely covered the areas of suitable coastal California gnatcatcher habitat on site, as
shown on Figure 3. Appropriate birding binoculars (8 x 42) were used to aid in detecting and identifying bird species. A
recording of coastal California gnatcatcher vocalizations was used to elicit a response from the species. The recording
was played approximately every 20 to 100 feet. A 100-scale (1 inch = 100 feet) aerial photograph of the study area
overlaid with the vegetation and site boundaries was used to map any coastal California gnatcatcher detected. Weather
conditions, time of day, and season were within protocol limits and appropriate for the detection of gnatcatchers, as
shown in Table 2.
Results
During the survey efforts, no coastal California gnatcatchers were detected.
In total, 29 wildlife species were recorded during the survey efforts and are included in Appendix A.
A total of 63 species of native or naturalized plants, 32 native (51%) and 31 non-native (49%), was recorded on the
site and are included in Appendix B.
Recovery Permit Coordinator
Subject: 2021 Focused Coastal California Gnatcatcher Survey Report for the Proposed Nirvana Project,
Chula Vista, County of San Diego, California
13518
5 August 2021
I certify that the information in this survey report and attached exhibits fully and accurately represents my work.
Please feel free to contact Erin Bergman at ebergman@dudek.com. if you have any questions regarding the
contents of this report.
Sincerely,
__________________
Erin Bergman
Atts: Figure 1: Project Location
Figure 2: Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types
Figure 3: Survey Route
Appendix A: Wildlife Species Observed During the 2021 Ramona Sprayfields Project Coastal California Gnatcatcher Surveys
Appendix B: Plant Species Observed During the 2021 Ramona Sprayfields Project Coastal California Gnatcatcher Surveys
cc: camoaku@dudek.com Callie Amoaku
References
Bontrager, D.R. 1991. Habitat Requirements, Home Range Requirements, and Breeding Biology of the California
Gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica) in South Orange County, California. Prepared for Santa Margarita
Company, Ranch Santa Margarita, California. April 1991.
Braden, G.T., R.L. McKernan, and S.M. Powell. 1997. “Effects of Nest Parasitism by the Brown-Headed Cowbird on
Nesting Success of the California Gnatcatcher.” Condor 99: 858–865.
Holland, R.F. 1986. Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of Ca lifornia. Nongame-
Heritage Program, California Department of Fish and Game. October 1986.
Oberbauer, T., M. Kelly, and J. Buegge. 2008. Draft Vegetation Communities of San Diego County. March 2008.
Accessed April 2018. http://www.sdcanyonlands.org/pdfs/veg_comm_sdcounty_2008_doc.pdf.
USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). 1997. “Coastal California Gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica californica)
Presence/Absence Survey Protocol.” Carlsbad, California: USFWS. Revised July 28, 1997. Accessed April
2018. http://www.fws.gov/pacific/ecoservices/endangered/recovery/documents/
CCalGnatcatcher.1997.protocol.pdf.
Date: 8/17/2021 - Last saved by: hmcomber - Path: Z:\Projects\j1351801\MAPDOC\DOCUMENT\CAGN\Report\Figure1-ProjectLocation.mxd805
Project Location
OnPoint Nirvana Project
SOURCE: USGS 7.5-Minute Series Imperial Beach Quadrangle
Township 18S; Range 1W; Section 20
02,0001,000 Feet
Project Boundary
FIGURE 1
Chula Vista
Solana Beach
Encinitas
San Diego
Carlsbad
Oceanside
La Mesa
Santee
Poway
San Marcos
Escondido
Vista
Imperial
Beach
Del Mar
Coronado
Riverside
County
Mexico
905
209
75
52
94
125
241133
54274
195
73
98
56
86
67
111
74
74
76 79
78
805
215
155
8
Project Site
OTA
Y
C
A
N
Y
O
N
Date: 8/17/2021 - Last saved by: hmcomber - Path: Z:\Projects\j1351801\MAPDOC\DOCUMENT\CAGN\Report\Figure2-Vegetation.mxdTS
UVS
MSS
MSS
UVS
MSSDH
DH
MSS
DEV
UVS
UVSTSTS
TS
TS TS
TS
TS
TS
TSNIRVANA AVEMAIN ST
Vegetation Communties and Land Cover Types
OnPoint Nirvana Project
SOURCE: SANGIS 2020, 2021
0 200100Feet
Project Boundary
Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types
MSS - Maritime Succulent Scrub
TS - Tamarisk Scrub
UVS - Unvegetatated Stream
DH - Disturbed Habitat
DEV - Urban/Developed
FIGURE 2
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Coastal California Gnatcatcher Survey Route
OnPoint Nirvana Project
SOURCE: SANGIS 2020, 2021
0 200100Feet
Project Boundary
Survey Route
FIGURE 3
Appendix A
Wildlife Species Observed During the
2021 Nirvana Project Coastal California Gnatcatcher Surveys
Appendix A
Wildlife Species Observed During the 2021 Nirvana Project Coastal California Gnatcatcher Surveys
13518
A-1 August 2021
Birds
Blackbirds, Orioles and Allies
ICTERIDAE—BLACKBIRDS
Icterus cucullatus—hooded oriole
Bushtits
AEGITHALIDAE—LONG-TAILED TITS AND BUSHTITS
Psaltriparus minimus—bushtit
Falcons
FALCONIDAE—CARACARAS AND FALCONS
Falco sparverius—American kestrel
Finches
FRINGILLIDAE—FRINGILLINE AND CARDUELINE FINCHES AND ALLIES
Haemorhous mexicanus—house finch
Spinus psaltria—lesser goldfinch
Flycatchers
TYRANNIDAE—TYRANT FLYCATCHERS
Empidonax difficilis—Pacific-slope flycatcher
Sayornis nigricans—black phoebe
Sayornis saya—Say’s phoebe
Tyrannus vociferans—Cassin’s kingbird
Hawks
ACCIPITRIDAE—HAWKS, KITES, EAGLES, AND ALLIES
Accipiter cooperii—Cooper’s hawk
Buteo jamaicensis—red-tailed hawk
Hummingbirds
TROCHILIDAE—HUMMINGBIRDS
Calypte anna—Anna’s hummingbird
Appendix A
Wildlife Species Observed During the 2021 Nirvana Project Coastal California Gnatcatcher Surveys
13518
A-2 August 2021
Mockingbirds and Thrashers
MIMIDAE—MOCKINGBIRDS AND THRASHERS
Mimus polyglottos—northern mockingbird
Pigeons and Doves
COLUMBIDAE—PIGEONS AND DOVES
Zenaida macroura—mourning dove
Vireos
VIREONIDAE—VIREOS
Vireo bellii pusillus—least Bell’s vireo
Wood Warblers and Allies
PARULIDAE—WOOD-WARBLERS
Geothlypis trichas—common yellowthroat
Wrens
TROGLODYTIDAE—WRENS
Thryomanes bewickii—Bewick’s wren
New World Sparrows
PASSERELLIDAE—NEW WORLD SPARROWS
Melospiza melodia—song sparrow
Melozone crissalis—California towhee
Pipilo maculatus—spotted towhee
Typical Warblers, Parrotbills, Wrentit
SYLVIIDAE—SYLVIID WARBLERS
Chamaea fasciata—wrentit
Invertebrates
Butterflies
LYCAENIDAE—BLUES, HAIRSTREAKS, AND COPPERS
Brephidium exile—western pygmy-blue
Appendix A
Wildlife Species Observed During the 2021 Nirvana Project Coastal California Gnatcatcher Surveys
13518
A-3 August 2021
Hemiargus ceraunus gyas—Edward’s blue
Leptotes marina—marine blue
RIODINIDAE—METALMARKS
Apodemia mormo virgulti—Behr’s metalmark
PIERIDAE—WHITES AND SULFURS
Phoebis sennae—cloudless sulphur
Mammals
Canids
CANIDAE—WOLVES AND FOXES
Canis latrans—coyote
Squirrels
SCIURIDAE—SQUIRRELS
Otospermophilus beecheyi—California ground squirrel
Reptiles
Lizards
PHRYNOSOMATIDAE—IGUANID LIZARDS
Sceloporus occidentalis—western fence lizard
Appendix B
Plant Species Observed During the
2021 Nirvana Project Coastal California Gnatcatcher Surveys
Appendix B
Plant Species Observed During the 2021 Nirvana Project Coastal California Gnatcatcher Surveys
13518
B-1 August 2021
Vascular Species
Eudicots
AIZOACEAE—FIG-MARIGOLD FAMILY
Mesembryanthemum crystallinum—common iceplant
Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum—slenderleaf iceplant
ANACARDIACEAE—SUMAC OR CASHEW FAMILY
Malosma laurina—laurel sumac
Rhus integrifolia—lemonade berry
Schinus molle—Peruvian peppertree
Toxicodendron diversilobum—poison oak
APIACEAE—CARROT FAMILY
Apium graveolens—wild celery
Foeniculum vulgare—fennel
ASTERACEAE—SUNFLOWER FAMILY
Ambrosia monogyra—singlewhorl burrobrush
Ambrosia pumila—San Diego ambrosia
Artemisia californica—California sagebrush
Baccharis salicifolia—mulefat
Baccharis sarothroides—desertbroom
Centaurea melitensis—Maltese star-thistle
Deinandra fasciculata—clustered tarweed
Glebionis coronaria—crowndaisy
Isocoma menziesii var. vernonioides—Menzies’ goldenbush
Lactuca serriola—prickly lettuce
Viguiera laciniata—San Diego County viguiera
Xanthium strumarium—cocklebur
BORAGINACEAE—BORAGE FAMILY
Heliotropium curassavicum—salt heliotrope
BRASSICACEAE—MUSTARD FAMILY
Brassica nigra—black mustard
Hirschfeldia incana—shortpod mustard
CACTACEAE—CACTUS FAMILY
Cylindropuntia californica var. californica—snake cholla
Appendix B
Plant Species Observed During the 2021 Nirvana Project Coastal California Gnatcatcher Surveys
13518
B-2 August 2021
Cylindropuntia prolifera—coastal cholla
Ferocactus viridescens—San Diego barrel cactus
Mammillaria dioica—strawberry cactus
Opuntia littoralis—coast prickly pear
Opuntia oricola—chaparral pricklypear
CHENOPODIACEAE—GOOSEFOOT FAMILY
Atriplex lentiformis—quailbush
Atriplex semibaccata—Australian saltbush
Bassia hyssopifolia—fivehorn smotherweed
Salsola tragus—prickly Russian thistle
CLEOMACEAE—CLEOME FAMILY
Peritoma arborea—bladderpod
CRASSULACEAE—STONECROP FAMILY
Dudleya pulverulenta—chalk dudleya
EUPHORBIACEAE—SPURGE FAMILY
Ricinus communis—castorbean
FABACEAE—LEGUME FAMILY
Acacia melanoxylon—blackwood
Acacia redolens—bank catclaw
LAMIACEAE—MINT FAMILY
Marrubium vulgare—horehound
POLYGONACEAE—BUCKWHEAT FAMILY
Eriogonum fasciculatum var. fasciculatum—California buckwheat
Rumex crispus—curly dock
RHAMNACEAE—BUCKTHORN FAMILY
Adolphia californica—California adolphia
SALICACEAE—WILLOW FAMILY
Salix gooddingii—Goodding’s willow
Salix laevigata—red willow
SIMMONDSIACEAE—JOJOBA FAMILY
Simmondsia chinensis—jojoba
Appendix B
Plant Species Observed During the 2021 Nirvana Project Coastal California Gnatcatcher Surveys
13518
B-3 August 2021
SOLANACEAE—NIGHTSHADE FAMILY
Datura wrightii—sacred thorn-apple
Nicotiana glauca—tree tobacco
TAMARICACEAE—TAMARISK FAMILY
Tamarix ramosissima—tamarisk
Ferns and Fern Allies
SELAGINELLACEAE—SPIKE-MOSS FAMILY
Selaginella cinerascens—ashy spike-moss
Monocots
AGAVACEAE—AGAVE FAMILY
Yucca schidigera—Mojave yucca
ARECACEAE—PALM FAMILY
Washingtonia robusta—Washington fan palm
CYPERACEAE—SEDGE FAMILY
Schoenoplectus californicus—California bulrush
POACEAE—GRASS FAMILY
Avena barbata—slender oat
Bothriochloa barbinodis—cane bluestem
Brachypodium distachyon—purple false brome
Bromus diandrus—ripgut brome
Bromus rubens—red brome
Cynodon dactylon—Bermudagrass
Ehrharta erecta—panic veldtgrass
Festuca perennis—perennial rye grass
Pennisetum setaceum—fountain grass
Polypogon monspeliensis—annual rabbitsfoot grass
Stipa miliacea var. miliacea—smilograss
13518
1 November 2021
November 18, 2021 13518
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Attention: Recovery Permit Coordinator
2177 Salk Avenue, No. 250
Carlsbad, California 92008
Subject: 2021 Focused Coastal California Gnatcatcher Survey Report for the Proposed Nirvana Project -
Additional Area East, Chula Vista, County of San Diego, California
Dear Recovery Permit Coordinator:
This letter report documents the results of three protocol-level focused surveys for the coastal California gnatcatcher
(Polioptila californica californica) that were conducted for the proposed Nirvana Project (project) - additional area east,
which is located on a 0.44-acre site adjacent to the Nirvana site. Dudek biologist Erin Bergman surveyed the additional
area east between October 11, 2021, and October 25, 2021. The surveys were conducted in areas of suitable coastal
California gnatcatcher habitat. This report is intended to satisfy reporting requirements for coastal California gnatcatcher
-permitted biologists Erin Bergman (TE-53771B-2).
The coastal California gnatcatcher is a federally listed threatened species and a California Department of Fish and
Wildlife species of special concern. It is closely associated with coastal sage scrub habitat and, therefore,
threatened primarily by habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation. Coastal California gnatcatcher typically occurs
below 820 feet above mean sea level within 22 miles of the coast. Studies have suggested that coastal California
gnatcatcher avoid nesting on very steep slopes (greater than 40%) (Bontrager 1991). Coastal California gnatcatcher
is also impacted by brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater) nest parasitism (Braden et al. 1997).
Project Location and Existing Conditions
The study area is located within Chula Vista, California (Figure 1, Project Location). The site is located at 821 Main
Street on the north side of Main Street and east of Nirvana Avenue in the City of Chula Vista (City). It comprises Tax
Assessor parcel numbers – APNs 644-050-060-1300 & 644-050-60-1400. The majority of this site was surveyed
in the summer of 2021, but this report covers an additional 0.44-acre area to the east.
Elevation on site ranges between approximately 139 feet and 212 feet above mean sea level. The landscape is
steep on the additional area east. The site is located within Section 20 of Township 18 south and Range 1 west in
the 7.5-minute USGS Imperial Beach quadrangle.
Vegetation Communities
One plant community was identified within the additional area east as highly suitable coastal California gnatcatcher
habitat: maritime succulent scrub. Three other vegetation communities were not considered highly suitable habitat.
These included disturbed habitat, tamarisk scrub and unvegetated stream. Due to proximity and intermixed nature
of other vegetation communities, all vegetation was included within the study area. Approximately 0.44 acres of