HomeMy WebLinkAbout2019/01/08 Item 6 - Written Communications - Albritton' ..3
Written Communications-Item 6
z Received 1/8/2019
MACKENZIE & ALBRITTON LLP
155 SANSOME STREET,SUITE 800
SAN FRANCISCO,CALIFORNIA 94104
TELEPHoNE 4 1 5/2884000
FACSIMILE 415/2884010
January 7, 2019
VIA EMAIL
Mayor Mary Casillas Salas
Councilmembers John McCann,
Jill Galvez, Steve Padilla
and Mike Diaz
City Council
City of Chula Vista
276 Fourth Avenue
Chula Vista, California 91910
Re:. Draft Design Standards for Small Wireless Facilities
within the City's Right-of-Way
City Council Agenda Item 6, January 8, 2019
Dear Mayor Salas and Councilmembers:
We write on behalf of Verizon Wireless regarding the draft Design Standards for
Small Wireless Facilities within the City's Right-of-Way(the "Draft Standards"). Several
provisions of the Draft Standards contradict a recent Federal Communications
Commission ("FCC") order addressing appropriate standards for approval of small cells.
For example, subjective standards must be eliminated in favor of objective approval
criteria, and various location restrictions should be reevaluated to ensure they will not
pose a prohibition of service. The Draft Standards must also consider placement of small
cells on existing wood utility poles, and criteria for height and equipment placement must
be revised to accommodate such installations. The Council should defer adoption of the
Draft Standards and work with industry on needed revisions.
To expedite deployment of small cells and new 5G technology, the FCC adopted
an order in September that provides guidance on appropriate approval criteria for small
cells. See Accelerating Wireless Broadband Deployment by Removing Barriers to
Infrastructure Investment, Declaratory Ruling and Third Report and Order,FCC 18-133
(September 27, 2018) (the "Infrastructure Order").' Among other topics, the FCC
addressed aesthetic criteria for approval of qualifying small cells, concluding that they
' While the Infrastructure Order and Code of Federal Regulations referenced in this letter were released on
September 27,2018,they will not be effective until January 14,2019.
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must be: "(1) reasonable, (2) no more burdensome than those applied to other types of
infrastructure deployments, and (3) objective and published in advance." Id., ¶ 86.
"Reasonable" standards are "technically feasible and reasonably directed to avoiding or
remedying the intangible public harm of unsightly or out-of-character deployments." Id.,
¶ 87. "Objective" standards must "incorporate clearly-defined and ascertainable
standards, applied in a principled manner." Id.,¶ 88. Several provisions of the Draft
Standards contradict the Infrastructure Order, as we explain.
The Draft Standards include several subjective criteria that must be stricken.
Maximum concealment, designs to match aesthetics of existing poles, avoidance of
"distracting" appearance and a vague "visually pleasing" standard are all matters of
opinion that could be used to deny facilities that otherwise meet objective standards.
Draft Standards §§ 5, 9, 12(a), 19, 20. Minimizing view impacts to residential or
commercial property is also a subjective determination, and further, the scope of aesthetic
review is limited to impacts on the right-of-way because Public Utilities Code Sections
7901 and 790 1.1 narrow the City's purview to factors addressing public use or access of
the roadway. Draft Standards § 1, 21(1). The City must ensure that any subjective
standards are removed from the Draft Standards.
While the residential view criterion is inappropriate, the City may consider an
objective standard for its preference to site away from residential zones. Draft Standards
§ 1. However, steering.small cells up to 500 feet distant from a proposed location could
result in a target coverage area remaining underserved or unserved. This would thwart
the objectives of"densifying a wireless network,introducing new services, or otherwise
improving service capabilities," and it would pose an effective prohibition of service in
violation of the Telecommunications Act. See 47 U.S.C. § 253(a),Infrastructure Order,
37. One unintended consequence of the 500-foot threshold is that numerous small cells
could end up clustered together instead of distributed along a right-of-way. Due to
conflicts with federal law as well as common sense, the 500-foot radius should be
reduced to a practicable distance. We suggest that applicants proposing a small cell in a
residential zone right-of-way show that there is no available or technically feasible option
in a non-residential zone along the subject right-of-way up to 200 feet distant from the
proposed site.
The Draft Standards contemplate use of City-owned street light poles or new
poles but ignore existing wood utility poles. Public Utilities Code Section 7901 grants
telephone corporations such as Verizon Wireless the right to place their equipment in any
right-of-way. In Chula Vista, Verizon Wireless may request use of poles controlled by
San Diego Gas & Electric. The Draft Standards should accommodate utility pole
designs, including associated equipment placed on a pole as allowed by SDG&E.
The Draft Standards appear to impose an absolute height limit of 35 feet for any
pole-mounted small cell. Draft Standards § 17. This will pose complications for small
cell antennas on utility poles, which generally are placed on top of a pole. Typically, a
four-foot antenna is used, placed on top of a one-to-two-foot mounting bracket that
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conceals cables, with this equipment elevated six feet above pole-top electric supply
conductors as required by Public Utilities Commission General Order 95 Rule 94. Where
the 35 foot height limit precludes this placement, it is technically infeasible and therefore
unreasonable. We suggest that for small cells on utility poles, the City grant a height of
increase up to 12 feet. When well-elevated, the narrow cylindrical antenna of a typical
small cell poses little visual impact on the streetscape, and with increased height,
coverage improves and fewer small cells are required to serve and area.
Requiring all equipment to be concealed within one enclosure or shroud is
infeasible for small cells that involve a single antenna above a pole plus small radio
boxes placed on the side of a pole. Draft Standards § 5, 11, 12(c). Small radio units
stacked vertically on the side of a utility pole are not "out-of-character" given other
existing infrastructure on typical utility poles. For clarification, the city could consider a
requirement that pole-mounted radio units be concealed behind a vertical screen to the
extent feasible.
Some new 5G small cells consists of antennas and radios integrated in one box.
Further, 5G facilities, including integrated antennas, generally cannot be enclosed within
a shroud because the shroud impedes 5G signal propagation. Draft Standards §§ 11,
12(c). Shrouding requirements may be technically infeasible and therefore unreasonable.
I
For new poles, the various location restrictions, in combination, could preclude
placement in a target service area. Drafts Standards § 21. For example, a new pole must
be placed 10 feet from an alleyway flare, 15 feet away from any trees, 5 feet from widest
point of a drive approach, and 50 feet from traffic control devices, among other limiting
factors. In particular, this could deter small cells on new poles near intersections which
are optimal locations for maximum coverage. Ultimately, this could require more new
small cells to serve an area. If these location restrictions are prohibitive to small cells in a
target area, they contradict the Infrastructure Order as well as Public Utilities Code
Section 7901 that grants telephone corporations such as Verizon Wireless the right to
place new poles along any right-of-way. The City should revisit these location
restrictions and revise them to accommodate small cells on new poles where required for
service.
While the Draft Standards allow for deviations from standards, applicants must
demonstrate that a small cell is the "least visually intrusive design and location feasible"
to close a coverage gap. Draft Standards, p. 1. For facilities that meet the FCC's
definition of small cell, the City cannot require these special findings. See 47 C.F.R. §
1.6002(1). All qualifying small cells must be evaluated under objective criteria, and not
only is the "least visually intrusive" standard entirely subjective, it invites comparison of
alternatives, leaving applicants to guess at the outcome of their proposals which the FCC
found contradicts objective criteria. Infrastructure Order,T 88. Further,the coverage gap
standard is a narrow, dated standards for prohibition of service that the FCC disfavored.
The FCC disagreed that the Telecommunications Act limits the federal prohibition of
service standard to "protecting only against coverage gaps or the like" as determined
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through a "`coverage gap'-based approach," and the FCC disregarded federal circuit
court interpretations relying only on a significant gap in coverage. Id.,q5 38, 40. Were
the City to deny a qualifying small cell that meets reasonable and objective aesthetic
criteria, it would impede "introduction of services or the improvement of existing
services," posing an effective prohibition of service in violation of the
Telecommunications Act. Id.,T 37. Rather than contemplating deviations, the City
should revise the proposed regulations to accommodate typical small cells required for
service.
The Draft Standards require revision to comply with the Infrastructure Order.
The Council should decline adoption of the Draft Standards and direct staff to work with
industry on workable criteria that accommodate typical small cell designs. Verizon
Wireless would appreciate the opportunity work with the City and other industry
stakeholders to establish workable guidelines.
Very truly yours,
Paul B. Albritton
cc: Glen Googins, Esq.
Miranda Evans