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HomeMy WebLinkAboutReso 2002-021 RESOLUTION NO. 2002-021 RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CHULA VISTA CERTIFYiNG THE FINAL SECOND TIER ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT (EIR 98-01) FOR THE OTAY RANCH VILLAGE SIX SECTIONAL PLANNING AREA PLAN; MAKING CERTAIN FINDINGS OF FACT; ADOPTiNG A STATEMENT OF OVERRIDiNG CONSIDERATIONS; AND ADOPTING A MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTiNG PROGRAM PURSUANT TO THE CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT WHEREAS, McMillin Land Development, submitted an application requesting approval of a Sectional Planning Area (SPA) Plan for Village Six ("Project"); and WHEREAS, a Draft Environmental Impact Report 98-01 (EIR 98-01) was issued for public review on September 28, 2001, and was processed through the State Clearinghouse; and WHEREAS, the Chula Vista Planning Commission held a duly noticed public heating for Draft EIR 98-01 on November 14, 2001, to close the public review period; and WHEREAS, the Chula Vista Planning Commission held a duly noticed public heating for EIR 98-01 on January 9, 2002, and certified EIR 98-01 and adopted the findings of fact, Statement of Overriding Considerations; and the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program. Further, the Planning Commission also recommended that the City Council certify the document and adopt the findings of fact, Statement of Overriding Considerations and the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program. WHEREAS, a Final Environmental Impact Report (FEIR 98-01) was prepared on the Village Six Sectional Planning Area Plan; and WHEREAS, FEIR 98-01 incorporates, by reference, the prior EIR's that address the subject property including the Chula Vista General Plan EIR; the Final Otay Ranch GDP/SRP Program EIR (90-01), the City of Chula Vista Sphere of Influence Update (94-03); Otay Ranch SPA One and Annexation Final Second Tier EIR (95-01); Final Second Tier EIR for Otay Ranch SPA One and GDP/SRP Amendments (97-03); the Otay Water District Resources Master Plan Final Master EIR (97-04); the Village Six SPA Plan; the Village Six Public Facilitiea Finance Plan; the Olympic Parkway Mitigated Negative Declaration (IS 00-33); the Final Eastlake III Woods and Vistas Replanning Program EIR (01-01), as well as their associated Findings of Fact and Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program; and WHEREAS, to the extent that the Findings of Fact and the Statement of Overriding Considerations for the Project, dated December 17, 2001, Exhibit "A" of this Resolution, conclude that proposed mitigation measures outlined in Final EIR 98-01 are feasible and have not been modified, superseded or withdrawn, the City of Chula Vista hereby binds itself and the Applicant and its successors in interest, to implement those measures. These findings are not merely information or advisory, but constitute a binding set of obligations that will come into effect when the City adopts the resolution approving the project. The adopted mitigation measures contained within the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program, Exhibit "B" of Resolution 2002-021 Page 2 this Resolution, are expressed as conditions of approval. Other requirements are referenced in the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program adopted concurrently with these Findings of Fact and will be effectuated through the process of implementing the Project. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED THAT THE CITY COUNCIL of the City of Chula Vista does hereby find, determine, resolve and order as follows: I. PLANN1NG COMMISSION RECORD The proceedings and all evidence introduced before the Planning Commission at their public heatings on EIR 98-01 held on January 9, 2002, and the minutes and resolutions resulting therefrom, are hereby incorporated into the ~:ecord of this proceeding. These documents, along with any documents submitted to the decision-makers, including documents specified in Public Resources Code Section 21167.6, subdivision(s), shall comprise the entire record of proceedings for any claims under the California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA") (Public Resources Code §21000 et seq.). II. FEIR 98-01 CONTENTS That FEIR 98-01 consists of the following: 1. Second Tier EIR for the Otay Ranch Village Six SPA Plan (including technical appendices); and 2. Public Comments and Responses to Comment 3. Errata (All hereafter collectively referred to as "FEIR 98-01") III. ACCOMPANYiNG DOCUMENTS TO FEIR 98-01 1. Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program; and 2. Findings of Fact and Statement of Overriding Considerations IV. CERTIFICATION OF COMPIANCE WITH CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT That the City Council does hereby find that FEIR 98-01, the Findings of Fact and the Statement of Overriding Considerations (Exhibit "A" to this Resolution), and the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program (Exhibit "B" to this Resolution) are prepared in accordance with the requirement of CEQA (Pub. Resoumes Code, §21000 et seq.), the CEQA Guidelines (California Code Regs. Title 14 §15000 et seq.), and the Environmental Review Procedures of the City of Chula Vista. V. INDEPENDENT JUDGMENT OF CITY COUNCIL Resolution 2002-021 Page 3 That the City Council finds that the FEIR 98-01 reflects the independent judgment of the City of Chula Vista City Council. VI. CEQA F1ND1NGS OF FACT, MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM AND STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS A. Adoption of Findings of Fact The City Council does hereby approve, accepts as its own, incorporate as if set forth in full herein, and make each and every one of the findings contained in the Findings of Fact, Exhibit "A" of this Resolution. B. Statement of Overriding Considerations Even after the adoption of all feasible mitigation measures and any feasible alternatives, certain significant or potentially significant environmental effects caused by the project, or cumulatively, will remain. Therefore, the City Council of the City of Chula Vista hereby issues, pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15093, a Statement of Overriding Considerations in the form set forth in Exhibit "A," identifying the specific economic, social and other considerations that render the unavoidable significant adverse environmental effects acceptable. C. Mitigation Measures Feasible and Adopted As more fully identified and set forth in FEIR 98-01 and in the Findings of Fact for this project, which is Exhibit "A," the City Council hereby finds pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21081 and CEQA Guidelines Section 15091 that the mitigation measures described in the above referenced documents are feasible and will become binding upon the entity (such as the project proponent or the City) assigned thereby to implement the same. D. Infeasibility of Altematives As more fully identified and set forth in FEIR 98-01 and in the Findings of Fact, Section XII, for this project, which is Exhibit "A," the City Council hereby finds pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21081 and CEQA Guidelines Section 15091 that alternatives to the project, which were identified in FEIR 98-01, were not found to reduce impacts to a less than significant level or meet the project objectives. E. Adoption of Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program As required by Public Resources Code Section 21081.6, the City Council hereby adopts the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program set forth in Exhibit "B." The City Council further finds that the Program is designed to ensure that, during project implementation, the permittee/project applicant and any other responsible parties implement the project components and comply with thc mitigation measures identified in the Findings of Fact and the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program. VII NOTICE OF DETERMINATION Resolution 2002-021 Page 4 That the Environmental Review Coordinator of the City of Chula Vista is directed after City Council approval of this Project to ensure that a Notice of Determination is filed with the County Clerk of the County of San Diego. These documents, along with any documents submitted to the decision-makers, including documents specified in Public Resources Code Section 21167.6, subdivision(s), shall comprise the entire record of proceedings for any claims under the California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA') (Public Resources Code §21000 et seq.). BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED THAT the City Council finds that FEIR 98-01, the Findings of Fact (with the revisions related to the Birch Road/SR-125 interchange) and Statement of Overriding Considerations (Exhibit "A" to this Resolution), and the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program (Exhibit "B" to this Resolution) have been prepared in accordance with the requirement of CEQA (Pub. Resources Code, §21000 et seq.), CEQA Guidelines (California Code Regs. Title 14 §15000 et seq.), and the Environmental Review Procedures of the City of Chula Vista and therefore, the City Council certifies EIR 98-01 and adopts the Findings of Fact (with the revisions related to the Birch Road/SR-125 interchange) and Statement of Overriding Considerations, and the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program. Presented by Approved as to form by Robert A. Leiter John M. Kaheny Planning and Building Director ~!I,Y Attorney Resolution 2002-021 Page 5 PASSED, APPROVED, and ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista, California, this 22nd day of January, 2002, by the following vote: AYES: Councilmembers: Davis, Padilla, Rindone, Salas and Horton NAYS: Councilmembers: None ABSENT: Councilmembers: None Shlrley Hortoff, Mayor ATTEST: Susan Bigelow, City Clerk '~ STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO ) CITY OF CHULA VISTA ) I, Susan Bigelow, City Clerk of Chula Vista, California, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution No. 2002-021 was duly passed, approved, and adopted by the City Council at a regular meeting of the Chula Vista City Council held on the 22na day of January, 2002. Executed this 22na day of January, 2002. Susan Bigelow, City Clerk R2002-021 Exhibit A SECOND TIER ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT FOR OTAY RANCH VILLAGE SlX SECTIONAL PLANNING AREA (SPA) PLAN CEQA FINDINGS OF FACT AND STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS December 17, 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. DEFINITIONS 2 III. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 4 IV. BACKGROUND 6 V. RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS 6 VI. FINDINGS REQUIRED UNDER CEQA 9 VII. LEGAL EFFECT OF FINDINGS 11 VIII. MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM 11 IX. SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 11 A. Land Use 16 B. Landform Alteration/Visual Quality 17 C. Biological Resources 19 D. Cultural Resources 21 E. GeoLogy 23 F. Paleontological Resources 25 G. Agriculture 27 I. Transportation/Traffic 31 J. Air Quality 35 K. Noise 38 L Public Facilities 40 X. CUMULATIVE SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 51 A. Land Use 51 B. Landform Alteration/Visual Quality 52 C. Biological Resources 52 D. Cultural Resources 52 E. Agriculture 53 F, Water Resources and Water Quality 53 G. Transportation/Traffic 54 H. Air Quality 62 I. Public Facilities 63 XI. FEASIBILITY OF POTENTIAL PROJECT ALTERNATIVES 67 A. No Project Alternative 70 B. Reduced Density Alternative 72 XII. STATEMENT OF OVERRiDING CONSiDERATIONS 74 FINDINGS OF FACT INTRODUCTION The Second Tier Environmental Impact Report (EIR)1 prepared for this project addressed the potential environmental effects of a proposed project for Village Six of the Otay Ranch General Development Plan (GDP) area, the adoption of a Sectional Planning Area (SPA) Plan with associated regulatory documents, and the adoption of an amendment to the circulation element of the Chula Vista General Plan. In addition, the EIR evaluated two alternatives to the proposed project: the No Project alternative, which assumes no development of the Village Six SPA Plan area, and a reduced intensity alternative. These findings have been prepared to comply with requirements of the Califomia Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) (Pub. Resources Code, 21000 et seq.) and the CEQA Guidelines (Cal. Code Regs., title 14, 15000 et seq.). '[ The EIR (City of Chula Vista 98-01 ) incorporates previously prepared documents, including the City of Chula Vista General Plan EIR, Final Program EIR tbr the Otay Ranch General Development Plan/Sub- Regional Plan EIR (90-01). City of Chula Vista Sphere of Influence Update Final Program EIR (94-03) Otay Ranch SPA One and Annexation Final Second Tier EIR (95-0l), Final Second Tier EIR for Otay Ranch SPA One and GDP/SRP Amendments (EIR 97-03), Otay Water District Water Resources Master Plan, Final Master EIR (EIR 97-04), Olympic Parkway Mitigated Negative Declaration (IS 00-33), Village Six SPA Plan. Public Facilities Finance Plan for Village Six, EastLake III Woods and Vistas Replanning Program EIR (EIP. 01-01) by reference. Il. DEFINITIONS "ADT" means average daily traffic. "APCD" means San Diego Air Pollution Control District. "BMPs" means best management practices. "CDFG" means California Department of Fish and Game. "CEQA" means California Environmental Quality Act. "City" means City of Chula Vista. "CNEL" means community noise equivalent level. "Conceptual TMs" means Conceptual Tentative Map. "CPF" means Community Purpose Facilities. ' "dB(A)" means A-weighted decibels. "du/ac" means dwelling units per acre. "EIR" means Second Tier Environmental Impact Report. "GDP" means General Development Plan. "GMOC" means Growth Management Oversight Conunittee. "gpd" means gallons per day. "mgd" means tnillion gallons per day. "MSCP" means Multiple Species Conservation Program. "NPDES" means National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System. "OTC" means Olympic Training Center. 2 "OWD" means Otay Water District. "PFFP" means Public Facilities Financing Plan. "RAQS" means Regional Air Quality Standards. "SAMP" means Subarea Water Master Plan. "SANDAG" means San Diego Association of Governments. "SCAQMD" means South Coast Air Quality Management District. "SPA" means Sectional Planning Area. "SR" means State Route. "SWPPP" means storm water pollution prevention plan. "SWRCB" means State Water Resources Control Board. "USACE' means U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. "USFWS" means U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. PROJECT DESCRIPTION The proposed Village Six SPA Plan proposes development of 2,086 dwelling units (883 single-family and 1,203 multi-family units) on approximately 237 acres. The remaining 149 acres would be developed with non-residential uses, including community purpose facilities, schools, a public park, commercial uses, open space, and circulation rights-of- way. A private high school is proposed for the southern area of the project. Should the high school not be developed, the underlying land use would permit the consU'uction of 146 single-family homes. If the single-family homes are built instead of the high school, the total number of units proposed for the project would be 2,232. Both the high school and the residential use options are considered in the EIR. A tentative map would have to be processed for these residential units to be developed, and subsequent environmental review, if needed, would be completed by the City of Chula Vista. A private high school and associated church facilities are proposed in the southeast corner of the village within the areas designated R-I 1/S-2 and CPF-2, respectively. The high school is proposed to include 245,000 square feet of building space and associated outdoor activity areas. The school is anticipated to have a capacity of 2,200 students, a faculty of about 150, and a staff of approximately 50 employees. Approximately 7.2 million cubic yards of earthwork is proposed in two separate operations as a part of the project. All graded material will be reused on-site to achieve balanced earthwork. The Village Core will be generally fiat and grading will be designed to be sensitive to the requirements for the regional transit. A 14.3-acre borrow/storage site will be located south of Birch Road and will be used for the borrowing or storage of up to 300,000 cubic yards of material. A 42-acre borrow/storage site will be located east of SR-125 within Planning Area 12 and will be used for the borrowing or storage of up to one million cubic yards of material. Discretionary Actions The discretionary actions to be taken by the City Council of the City of Chula Vista include the adoption of a SPA Plan for Village Six and the reclassification of Birch Road between La Media and SR-125 from a four-lane major to a six-lane major arterial road. The City Council xvill also determine whether the final EIR is complete and in compliance with CEQA as part of the certification process. With the adoption of a SPA Plan, specific development can occur only after the approval of a variety of permits and maps. Subsequent environmental review will be required for 4 the tentative maps and conditional use permits. The actions to which the final EIR applies are the adoption of the SPA Plan for Village Six, and the amendments m the Otay Ranch GDP and Circulation Element of the General Plan that are necessary to reclassify Birch Road to a six-lane major arterial. The City is the Lead Agency and has discretionary power of approval for all the actions sought by the applicant for the proposed project. The final EIR is intended to satisfy CEQA requirements for environmental review of those actions. Future discretionary approvals may be required. No other actions by other agencies or jurisdictions have been identified that would be required to accomplish the project as proposed. Project Goals and Objectives As specified in the Village Six SPA plan, the objectives of the proposed project are detailed as follows: hnplement the goals, objectives, and policies of the Chula Vista General Plan, particularly the Otay Ranch General Development Plan; Implement Chula Vista's Growth Management Program to ensure that public facilities are provided in a timely manner and financed by the parties creating the demand for, and benefiting from, the improvements; Foster development patterns that promote orderly growth and prevent urban sprawl; Maintain and enhance a sense of community identity within the city of Chula Vista and surrounding neighborhoods; Establish a pedestrian-oriented village with an intense urban core to reduce reliance on the automobile and to promote walking, as well as the use of bicycles, buses, and regional transit; Promote synergistic uses between villages to balance activities, services, and Accentuate the relationship of the land plan with its natural setting and the physical character of the region, and promote effective management of natural resources by concentrating development into less sensitive areas, while preserving large contiguous open space areas with sensitive resources; Contribute to the unique Otay Ranch image and identity that differentiates Otay Ranch from other communities; Wisely manage limited physical resources; Implement development consistent with the provisions of the Otay Ranch resource conservation and management plans; and Establish a land use and facility plan that assures village viability in consideration of existing and anticipated economic conditions. IV. BACKGROUND Village Six is one of 11 urban villages in the Otay Ranch GDP. The Otay Ranch is a master-planned community encompassing approximately 23,000 acres and includes a broad range of residential, commercial, retail, and industrial development. Civic and community uses--such as libraries, parks, and schools--and about 11,375 acres preserved as open space are also included within the Otay Ranch. Each village is based on the "village concept" that blends multi-family homes and shops with parks, schools, and civic activities in a core area within the Village. The Village Core is surrounded by single-family houses in secondary areas. All are tied together by pedestrian facilities. The Otay Ranch GDP was adopted by the City and the County of San Diego in October 1993. Both agencies were involved in the development and approval of the plan because the planning area included land falling within the jurisdiction of both agencies. The Otay Ranch GDP established goals and objectives for the development of the area. As part of the review and approval process for the GDP, a Program Ell>, was prepared. Under the implementation program for the Otay Ranch GDP, SPA plans are required to be approved before final development entitlements can be considered. The proposed SPA Plan will further refine the development standards, land plans, goals, objectives, and policies for Village Six. RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS For purposes of CEQA and the findings set forth below, the administrative record of the City Council decision on the environmental analysis of this project shall consist of the following: The Notice of Preparation and all other public notices issued by the City in conjunction with the project; The Draft and Final Second Tier EIR for the project (EIR g98-01), including appendixes and technical reports; All reports, applications, memoranda, maps, letters, and other planning documents prepared by the planning consultant, the project applicant, the environmental consultant, the McMillin Companies, the Otay Ranch Company, and the City, that are before the decisionmakers as determined by the City Clerk; All documents, comments, and correspondence submitted by members of the public and public agencies in connection with this project, in addition to comments on the EIR for the project; All documents submitted to the City by other public agencies or members of the public in connection with this project, up through the close of the public hearing; Minutes and verbatim transcripts of all workshops, public meetings, and public hearings held by the City, or videotapes where transcripts are not available or adequate, with respect to this project or the EIR for the project; Any documentary or other evidence submitted at workshops, public meetings, and public heatings for this project; All findings and resolutions adopted by City decisionmakers in connection with this project, and all documents cited or referred to therein; and Matters of common knowledge to the City which the members of the City Council considered regarding this project, including federal, state, and local laws and regulations, and including but not limited to the following: - Chula Vista General Plan; ~o!e¥~mt ?m'ti~ns ,~f the To!ling C~de': ~,~f t~¢ City: 7 - Final Program EIR for the Otay Ranch General Development Plan/Sub-Regional Plan EIR (90-01); - City of Chula Vista Sphere of Influence Update Final Program EIR (94-03); - Otay Ranch SPA One and Annexation Final Second Tier EIR (95-01); - Final Second Tier EIR for Otay Ranch SPA One and GDP/SRP Amendments (EIR 97-03); - Otay Water District Water Resources Master Plan, Final Master EIR (EIR 97-04); - Olympic Parkway Mitigated Negative Declaration (IS 00-33); - Village Six SPA Plan; - Public Facilities Finance Plan for Village Six SPA; EastLake IH Woods and Vistas Replanning Program EIR (EIR 01-01); and - Any other materials required to be in the record of proceedings by Public Resources Code section 21167.6, subdivision (e). The custodian of the documents comprising the record of proceedings is Susan Bigelow, Clerk to the City Council, whose office is located at 276 Fourth Avenue, Chula Vista, California, 91910. The City Council has relied on all of the documents listed above in reaching its decision on the Village Six SPA plan, even if not every document was formally presented to the City Council or City Staff as part of the City files generated in connection with the Village Six SPA Plan. Without exception, any documents set forth above not found in the project files fall into one of two categories. Many of them reflect prior planning or legislative decisions with which the City Council was aware in approving the Village Six SPA Plan. (See City of Santa Cruz v. Ix~cal Agency Formation Commi&sion (1978) 76 Cal.App.3d 381, 391-392 [142 Cal.Rptr. 873]; Dominey v. Department of Personnel Administration (1988) 205 Cal. App.3d 729, 738, fn. 6 [252 Cal.Rptr. 620].) Other ~onume,,tq i~*~,,ep~ced t. he ~'xpert ',',dvice pro'~idcd ~o Ci() Staff o~' co~sultants, wino ~hen provided advice to the City Council. For that reason, such documents form part of the underlying factual basis for the City Council's decisions relating to the adoption of the Village Six SPA Plan. (See Pub. Resources Code, section 21167.6, subd. (e)(10); Browning-Ferris b~dustries v. City Council of City of San Jose (1986) 181 Cal.App.3d 852, 866 [226 Cal.Rptr. 575]; Stanislaus Audubon Society, Inc. v. County of Stanislaus (1995) 33 Cai.App.4th 144, 153, 155 [39 Cal.Rptr.2d 54].) 8 VI. FINDINGS REQUIRED UNDER CEOA Public Resources Code section 21002 provides that "public agencies should not approve projects as proposed if there are feasible alternatives or feasible mitigation measures available which would substantially lessen the significant environmental effects of such projects[.]" (Emphasis added.) The same statute states that the procedures required by CEQA "are intended to assist public agencies in systematically identifying both the significant effects of proposed projects and the feasible alternatives or feasible mitigation measures which will avoid or substantially lessen such significant effects." (Emphasis added.) Section 21002 goes on to state that "in the event [that] specific economic, social, or other conditions make infeasible such project alternatives or such mitigation measures, individual projects may be approved in spite of one or more significant effects." The mandate and principles announced in Public Resources Code section 21002 are implemented, in part, through the requirement that agencies must adopt findings before approving projects for which EIRs are required. (See Pub. Resources Code, section 21081, subd. (a); CEQA Guidelines, section 15091, subd. (a).) For each significant environmental effect identified in an EIR for a proposed project, the approving agency must issue written findings reaching one or more of three permissible conclusions. The first such finding is that "[c]hanges or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect as identified in the final EIR." (CEQA Guidelines, section 15091, subd. (a)(1).) The second permissible finding is that "[s]uch changes or alterations are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another public agency and not the agency making the finding. Such changes have been adopted by such other agency or can and should be adopted by such other agency." (CEQA Guidelines, section 15091, subd. (a)(2).) The third potential finding is that "[s]pecific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations, including provision of employment opportunities for highly trained workers, make infeasible the mitigation measures or project alternatives identified in the final EIR." (CEQA Guidelines, section 15091, subd. (a)(3).) Public Resources Code section 21061.1 defines "feasible" as "capable of being accomplished in a successful manner within a reasonable period of time, taking into account economic, environmental, ,'(~-;~! ;~d t~'bt~lf~,.;r-~! rr,,ctors." CEQ,~, Cu~!~lin~::; :~ccfi~n '.5364 adds :mol1~ ~'~tcto~: "legal" considerations. (See also Citizens of Goleta Valley v. Board of Supervisors ("Goleta 1I") (1990) 52 Cal.3d 553,565 [276 Cal.Rptr. 410].) The concept of "feasibility" also encompasses the question of whether a particular alternative or mitigation measure promotes the underlying goals and objectives of a project. (City of Del Mar v. City of San Diego (1982) 133 Cal. App.3d 410, 417 [183 Cal. Rptr. 898].) "'[F]easibility' under CEQA encompasses 'desirability' to the extent that desirability is based on a reasonable balancing of the relevant economic, 9 environmental, social, and technological factors." (Ibid.; see also Sequoyah Hills Homeowners Assm v. CiO' of Oakland (1993) 23 Cai.App.4th 704, 715 [29 Cal. Rptr.2d 182].) The CEQA Guidelines do not define the difference between "avoiding" a significant environmental effect and merely "substantially lessening" such an effect. The City must therefore glean the meaning of these terms from the other contexts in which the terms are used. Public Resources Code section 21081, on which CEQA Guidelines section 15091 is based, uses the term "mitigate" rather than "substantially lessen." The CEQA Guidelines therefore equate "mitigating" with "substantially lessening." Such an understanding of the statutory term is consistent with the policies underlying CEQA, which include the policy that "public agencies should not approve projects as proposed if there are feasible alternatives or feasible mitigation measures available which would substantially lessen .the significant environmental effects of such projects." (Pub. Resources Code, section 21002.) For purposes of these findings, the term "avoid" refers to the effectiveness of one or more mitigation measures to reduce an otherwise significant effect to a less than significant level. In contrast, the term "substantially lessen" refers to the effectiveness of such measure or measures to substantially reduce the severity of a significant effect, but not to reduce that effect to a less than significant level. These interpretations appear to be mandated by the holding in Laurel Hills Homeowners Association v. City Council (1978) 83 Cal.App.3d 515, 519-527 [147 Cal.Rptr. 842], in which the Court of Appeal held that an agencY had satisfied its obligation to substantially lessen or avoid significant effects by adopting numerous mitigation measures, not all of which rendered the significant impacts in question (e.g., the "regional traffic problem") less than significant. Although CEQA Guidelines section 15091 requires only that approving agencies specify that a particular significant effect is "avoid[ed] or substantially lessen[ed]," these findings, for purposes of clarity, in each case will specify whether the effect in question has been reduced to a less than significant level, or has simply been substantially lessened but remains significant. Moreover, although section 15091, read literally, does not require findings to address findings will nevertheless fully account for all such effects identified in the Final EIR. in short, CEQA requires that the lead agency adopt mitigation measures or alternatives, where feasible, to substantially lessen or avoid significant environmental impacts that would otherwise occur. Project modification or alternatives are not required, however, where such changes are infeasible or where the responsibility for modifying the project lies with some other agency. (CEQA Guidelines, section 15091, subd. (a), (b).) 10 With respect to a project for which significant impacts are not avoided or substantially lessened either through the adoption of feasible mitigation measures or feasible environmentally superior alternatives, a public agency, after adopting proper findings, may nevertheless approve the project if the agency f'n:st adopts a statement of overriding considerations setting forth the specific reasons why the agency found that the project's "benefits" rendered "acceptable" its "unavoidable adverse environmental effects." (CEQA Guidelines, sections 15093, 15043, subd. (b); see also Pub. Resources Code, section 21081, subd. (b).) The California Supreme Court has stated that "[t]he wisdom of approving . . . any development project, a delicate task which requires a balancing of interests, is necessarily left to the sound discretion of the local officials and their constituents who are responsible for such decisions. The law as we interpret and apply it simply requires that those decisions be informed, and therefore balanced." (Goleta II, 52 Cal.3d 553,576.) VI/. LEGAL EIq"ECT OF FINDINGS To the extent that these findings conclude that proposed mitigation measures outlined in the Ell>, are feasible and have not been modified, superseded or withdrawn, the City (or "decisionmakers") hereby binds itself and any other responsible parties, including the applicant and its successors in interest (hereinafter referred to as "Applicant"), to implement those measures. These findings, in other words, are not merely informational or hortatory, but constitute a binding set of obligations that will come into effect when the City adopts the resolution(s) approving the project. The adopted mitigation measures are express conditions of approval. Other requirements are referenced in the mitigation monitoring reporting program adopted concurrently with these findings, and will be effectuated through the process of implementing the project. VIII. MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM As required by Public Resources Code section 21081.6, subd. (a)(l), the City, in adopting these findings, also adopts a mitigation monitoring and reporting program (MMRP) as prepared by the environmental consultant under the direction of the City. The program is designed to ensure that during project implementation, the applicant and any other responsible parties comply with the feasible mitigation measures identified below. The program is described in the document entitled Village Six SPA Mitigation Monitoring 11 Reporting Program. The MMRP will remain available for public review during the compliance period. SIGNIFICANT EIq-~ECTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES The Second Tier EIR identified a number of direct and indirect significant environmental effects (or "impacts") that the project will cause; some can be fully avoided through the adoption of feasible nfitigation measures, while others cannot be avoided. The project will result in significant irreversible environmental changes with regard to the following issues: land use, transportation/traffic, biological resources, hydrology/drainage, landform alteration/visual quality, geology/geologic hazards, noise, air quality, cultural/paleontological resources, and public facilities. These significant environmental changes or impacts are discussed in Subsequent EIR 98-01 in Table 1-2 on pages 5-22 and in Chapter 5.0, pages 57-243. Land Use Development of the Village Six SPA Plan would result in a significant change in the character of the site from undeveloped to an urban use. Landform Alteration/Aesthetics The overall change to the original Otay Ranch topography and the change from a rural to more urban use constitute a significant, adverse landform and aesthetic impact. Development would require grading over the entire village. The proposed grading would reflect the original topography by incorporating a step-down design from east to west. The proposed project would result in long-term direct potentially significant nighttime view impacts. The direct lines of sight to the field lighting and the general illum~m~tiop over tl~e stadium and basebail field would also have long-term direct and indirect potentially significant nighttime impacts. Sound barriers built as part of the project would represent a significant visual impact if the portion of the barrier that is constructed as a wall is higher than eight and a half feet. t2 Biology There are no direct, adverse impacts to biological resources. Because biological condi- tions change over time, there is the potential for burrowing owl and northern harrier to occupy the site between project approval and development. The Village Six SPA Plan would have indirect, long-term significant impacts on biological resources if the project fails to preserve the Otay Ranch GDP regional open space proportionally and concurrently with development. Implementation of the Village Six SPA Plan and Conceptual TMs would eliminate approximately 386 acres of agricultural fields used for foraging by raptor species. The Program EIR 90-01 identified loss of raptor foraging habitat as a significant impact. The Village Six SPA Plan would contribute to this significant impact. Cultural Resources Impacts to the recorded sites on the property are considered significant. Because of the extent of past agricultural disturbance to the area, only midden-beating subsurface deposits represent potentially significant cultural resources. Geology The exposure of a residential community and individual persons to ground acceleration generated from potential earthquakes along off-site faults would be a direct, long-term, significant impact associated with implementation of the proposed project. Compliance with the requirements of the governing jurisdictions, building codes, and standard practices of the Association of Structural Engineers of California, would reduce the potential impact resulting from seismic-induced ground shaking below a level of significance. Paleontological Resources Grading impacts to alluvium would potentially impact paleontological resources. Diego Formation would result in a significant, direct, long-term impact. Agriculture The loss of agricultural land and land suitable for the production of crops would result in a significant impact due to the incremental and irreversible loss or impairment of limited agricultural resources. Noise, odors, insects, rodents, and chemicals associated with 13 agricultural operations would create indirect, short-term, potentially significant impacts -' between the agnicultural uses and urban uses. Housin~ulation No significant adverse housing and population impacts have been identified. Water Resources and Water Quality Project implementation may result in on-site flooding and off-site runoff flooding effects downstream, which would have long-term, direct and indirect, significant impacts. Project implementation may also result in uncontrolled discharge of pollutants with "first flush" events which would have a long-term, indirect, significant impact. Traffic, Circulation, and Access Direct impacts could result to traffic on Otay Lakes Road between H Street and Telegraph Canyon Road as a result of project approval. Cumulative impacts could result to Olympic Parkway between SR-125 and EastLake Parkway, and between EastLake Parkway and Hunte Parkway. Cumulative impacts could also occur on Otay Lakes Road between SR-125 and EastLake Parkway, between H Street and Telegraph Canyon Road, and between Bonita Road and H Street. Without the completion of SR-125, other intersections and roadways would be significantly impacted. These include the intersection of Olympic Parkway and Wueste Road and the segment of 1-805 between Bonita Road and Telegraph Canyon Road. At the time off-site improvements are designed and proposed, additional environmental review may be required to determine potential impacts related to construction, including water quality, traffic, and impacts to paleontological resources, and the need for specific mitigation measures to address these potential impacts. Air Quality The construction of the proposed project would result in the generation of significant temporary construction equipment exhaust emissions, plus long-term significant cumulative emissions from project-generated vehicle trips. The proposed project would result in long-term operational emissions, primarily from vehicle emissions that will exceed SCAQMD thresholds. 14 Noise Potential sources of noise related to the proposed Village Six SPA Plan include construction noise, traffic-generated noise, and commercial noise. Traffic on La Media, Olympic Parkway, Birch Road, and SR-125 would cause a significant noise impact. Public Services/Utilities POTABLE WATER The proposed project would result in an incremental increase in water consumption and place additional demands on water storage and pumping facilities. The impact to water storage and pumping facilities would be significant if construction of facilities does not coincide with the anticipated growth associated with the Village Six SPA. RECYCLED WATER The proposed project would result in an incremental increase in the use of recycled water and place additional demands on water storage and pumping facilities. The increase in use of recycled water has been planned for by OWD and will not have a significant impact. However, the impact to recycled water storage and distribution facilities would be significant if construction of new facilities does not coincide with the project's anticipated growth. SEWER The existing sewage disposal system does not have enough capacity to accommodate flows from the Village Six SPA Plan, which would result in a near-term significant impact until upgrades to the system are completed. LAW ENFORCEMENT Development of the Village Six SPA Plan would result in a significant impact to law enforcement because of the predicted increase in calls for service and the additional travel time requh'~d tn mqw~'r th ,~ 9 C~!lc' FIRE PROTECTION AND EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES The Chula Vista Fire Department does not currently meet the threshold standard for response time for the City, including the Otay Ranch community. Impacts to fire and emergency medical services would be significant if construction of these facilities does not coincide with the project's anticipated population growth and increased demand for services. 15 SCHO0~ Project implementation would result in a significant impact to schools unless construction of facilities coincides with student generation and associated service demands. L~RARYSERVICE A significant impact wonld result if construction of new library facilities and provision of additional documents does not coincide with project implementation and associated population growth. PUBLIC SERVICES/UTILITIES: PARKS AND RECREATION Project implementation would generate increased demand for parks and recreation facilities. A significant impact could result if dedication of parkland and construction of new facilities does not coincide with project implementation and project population growth. Hazards/Risk of Upset Potentially significant impacts related to the transport of hazardous materials could result - from implementation of the Village Six SPA Plan. A. LAND USE Standards of Significance: A significant land use impact is identified if the project could: physically divide an established conm~unity. conflict with any applicable land use plan, policy, or regulation of an agency with jurisdiction over the project (including but not limited to the general plan, specific plan, local coastal program, or zoning ordinance) adopted for the purpose of avoiding conflict with any applicable habitat conservation plan or natural corrrmunity conservation plan. Significant land use impacts would also occur if the project fails to comply with the applicable mitigation measures established by the Otay Ranch GDP Program EIR and the Otay Ranch GDP findings of fact, as amended by subsequent projects. These measures include the requirement that SPA plans establish standards for landscaping, grading, and 16 buffering to prevent land use interface impacts such as noise, lighting, and loss of privacy from occurring between internal land uses, particularly between single- and multi-family residential land uses and between residential and non-residential land uses. In addition, the Program EIR requires that the applicant implement the RMP to protect biological resources within Otay Ranch. Impact: Development of the Village Six SPA Plan would result in a significant change in the character of the site from undeveloped to an urban use. 0EIR, Subchapter 5.1, page 75]. Finding: The only mitigation available for this impact is the No Project alternative. Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. Explanation: Implementation of the Village Six SPA Plan would result in the conversion of the site from undeveloped to intensive urban uses, as identified in Program EIR 90-01. Mitigation Measure:. No feasible mitigation has been identified to reduce this impact to less than significant levels. Significance After Mitigation: Significant and not mitigated. B. LANDFORM ALERATION/VISUAL QUALITY Standards of Significance: A significant land use impact is identified if the project could: have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista or obstruct or substantially alter the visual character of a designated public view. ,~ubsta~tial!v ~e~'r~de ~'ce?&: restore-scs i~cl~clh~g bur not limited to ~rees, rock outcroppings, or historic buildings within view of a state scenic highway. conflict with the goals and policies established for preserving scenic highways and roads. result in architecture, urban design, landscaping, or landforms that negatively detract from the prevailing aesthetic character of the site or surrounding area. 17 · create a new source of substantial light or glare that would adversely affect daytime or nighttime views in the area. Impact: Development of the Village Six SPA Plan would result in a significant change in the character of the site from undeveloped to an urban use, and would have a significant impact resulting from field lighting and general illumination at the high school stadium and baseball field. [EIR, Subchapter 5.2, pages 87-99]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(t) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Explanation: Implementation of the Village Six SPA Plan would result in the conversion of the site from undeveloped to intensive urban uses, as identified in Program EIR 90-01. Under both the CEQA Guidelines and the Program EIR, the proposed project would result in long-term direct potentially significant nighttime view impacts. The direct lines of sight to the field lighting and the general illumination over the stadium and baseball field would also have long4erm direct and indirect potentially significant nighttime impacts. Mitigation Measures: 5.2-1 Prior to approval of grading plans, the applicant shall prepare grading and building plans that conform to the landform grading guidelines contained in the proposed Village Six SPA Plan and grading ordinance, the Otay Ranch GDP, and the General Plan. The plans shall be prepared to the satisfaction of the Director of Planning and Building and the City Engineer. 5.2-2 Prior to approval of the final maps, the developer of the private high school shall prepare a lighting plan that shows the proposed height, location, and intensity of streetlights and athletic facilities lights on-site. The plan shall comply with the City's minimum standards for roadway lighting and shall address all exterior Planning and Building. 5.2-3 The conditional use permit (CUP) for the private high school shall include a provision that requires that stadium and baseball field lights shall not be used after 10:00 P.M. on Sunday through Thursday and shall not be used after 11:00 P.M. on Friday and Saturday. 18 5.2-4 As a condition of the CUP, the installation of lights at the stadium or at the baseball field shall not be permitted until a lighting consultant experienced in stadium lighting designs lighting standards to the satisfaction of the Director of Planning and Building. To the extent feasible, for the events to be conducted within the stadium and baseball field the lights shall be designed to direct downward and shall be shielded such that the light bulbs are not exposed to any residential areas in either Village Six or Village Seven. Lights shall be installed pursuant to the lighting plan approved by the Director of Planning and Building. 5.2-5 Noise barriers in excess of eight feet in height shall consist of a wall and berm combination. The wall height in this combination barrier shall not exceed eight feet, with the remaining portion of the overall height accomplished through berming. Appropriate landscaping of the wall/berm combination shall be implemented to the satisfaction of the Director of Planning. Noise barrier details and plans shall be reviewed and approved as part of the review and adoption of tentative maps. Significance After Mitigation: Significant and not mitigated. C. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact on biological resources if it: has a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. · has a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, regulations or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. h~, .~ ~lhqt~ti:~l ~dv~;,-?, cf~'e(.:~ ~m fedcraI!) [rotected wetlands a:~ d~fi~c~.l ~y Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means, interferes substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife conidors, or impedes the use of native wildlife nursery sites. Ic) Impact: ,, The Village Six SPA Plan would have indirect, long-term significant impacts on biological resources if the project fails to preserve the Otay Ranch GDP regional open space proportionally and concurrently with development. [EIR, Subchapter 5.3, page 112]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(I) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or shall be incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR below a level of significance. Explanation: There are no direct, adverse impacts to biological resources. Because biological conditions change over time, there is the potential for burrowing owl and northern harrier to occupy the site between project approval and development. Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.3, page 113]. 5.3-1 Focused surveys for the burrowing owl shall be conducted prior to grading. If occupied burrows are detected, passive relocation of the species shall be conducted to avoid impacts from grading. 5.3-2 Focused surveys for active nests of the northern harrier shall be conducted prior to grading. If active nests are detected, and if construction activities occur between March 1 and July 3 i, construction activities shall be restricted within 900 feet of the active nest sites. 5.3-3 Prior to recording each final map, the applicants shall convey land within the Otay Ranch RMP Resource Preserve at a ratio of 1.188 acres for each acre of development area. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. Impact: · The Program EIR 90-01 identified loss of raptor foraging habitat as a significant impact. The Village Six SPA Plan would contribute to this significant impact. Finding: The only mitigation available for this impact is the No Project alternative. Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. 2O Explanation: Implementation of the Village Six SPA Plan and Conceptual TMs would eliminate approximately 386 acres of agricultural fields used for foraging by raptor species. Mitigation Measure: No feasible mitigation has been identified to reduce this impact to less than significant levels. Significance After Mitigation: Significant and not mitigated. D. CULTURAL RESOURCES Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact on cultural resources if it would: cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource as defined in Section 15064.5. This includes: a) resources that are eligible for the California Register of Historic Resources and the National Register of Historic Places; and b) resources that are locally designated as historically significant, or the City finds the resource historically significant based on substantial evidence. cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to Section 15064.5 of the CEQA Guidelines. This includes: a) resources that are associated with an event or person of recognized significance in California or American history or of recognized scientific importance in pmhistory; b) resources that can provide information that is of demonstrable public interest and is useful in addressing scientifically consequential and reasonable research questions; c) resources that have a special or particular quality such as the oldest, best example, largest, or last surviving example of its kind; and d) resources that are at least 100 years old and possess substantial strafigraphic integrity, and/or involve important research questions that historical research has shown can be answered only with archaeological methods. 21 directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature. disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries. Impact: Development of the proposed project could adversely affect cultural resources. [EIR, Subchapter 5.4, page 117]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091(a)(1) of the State CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Explanation: There are eight sites that could potentially be affected by the completion of the project. Several of these resources are recorded as single, isolated artifacts, while others are recorded as including a variety of flaked and ground stone artifacts. It is possible that these resources no longer exist on the property. Current vegetative cover is too dense to permit adequate field inspection and evaluation of potential remains. Because of the restricted surface visibility and the potential for prehistoric cultural resources on the property, impacts to cultural resources are considered significant. Because of the extent of past agricultural disturbance to the area, only midden-bearing, subsurface deposits represent potentially significant cultural resources. Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.4, pages 117-118]. 5.4-l Concurrent with the start of grading, the project area should be brushed and a field reconnaissance should be conducted and the presence or absence of midden- bearing deposits determined. All brushing and grading within Village Six shall be monitored. The monitoring of the brushing and grading shall be conducted by one or more archaeologists, as dictated by the size of the grading operation. All utility archaeological monitor. Any resources that are graded shall be intensively monitored during grading to ensure that any important features, isolates, or deposits are either recorded and collected or excavated. Should any resources be encountered during the monitoring of the brushing or grading which were not previously recorded, the grading shall be temporarily stopped or redirected to another area while the nature of the discovery is evaluated. Any resources that may be encountered shall require testing to determine their significance. If the 22 testing demonstrates that a resource is significant, then a data recovery program shall be prepared in accordance with mitigation measure 5.4-2. 5.4-2 If, as a result of the reconnaissance conducted in accordance with 5.4-1 above, a midden deposit is identified, a research program shall be prepared to recover a valid sample of the materials present within the site. 5.4-3 If a midden-beating deposit is identified, a data recovery program shall be completed prior to the issuance of a grading permit. This program shall be completed under the direction of a qualified archaeologist to the satisfaction of the Director of Planning and Building. E. GEOLOGY Standards of Significance: Impacts to geology and soils are considered significant if the proposed project: exposes people or structures to potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: (1) rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault. (2) strong seismic ground shaking. (3) seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction. (4) landslides. ,, results in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil; is located on a geologic unit or on soil that is unstable or that would become unstable :ma res t v~f the project, .d po,e.,t /Il3 =s~l~t n* on- or off :Cite Izmdslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, or collapse; · is located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18-I-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating a substantial risk to life or property; and has soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal systems where sewers are not available for disposal of waste water. 23 In addition, the proposed project would result in a significant impact if it falls to comply with the applicable geology and soils mitigation measures established by the Otay Ranch GDP Program EIR. Therefore, a significant impact would result if the project: falls to provide site-specific geotechnical studies based on proposed development plans to specifically evaluate soil conditions and characteristics, areas of potential slope instability, landslides, faults, liquefaction, and rippability characteristics for the tentative map review; falls to incorporate mitigation measures developed by qualified geotechnical engineers in compliance with statutes and state-of-the-art professional standards; e fails to conduct on-site soils investigation by a qualified geotechnical consultant to evaluate the potential for significant impacts due to erosion and expansion for the tentative map review; and e fails to incorporate mitigation measures for erosion control and soil expansion. Impact: The exposure of a residential community and individual persons to ground acceleration generated from potential earthquakes along off-site faults would be a direct, long-term, significant impact associated with implementation of the proposed project. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Explanation: There are no active faults underlying the project site. The La Nacion fault zone is potentially active, which means it has not offset geologic formations younger than 11,000 years old and does not present a risk to residential development. The only potential for significant seismic hazards is associated with ground shaking due to seismic activity within the Rose Canyon fault zone. The most significant probable seismic event ,vi,b. the ~,otet~ti:~! ~c, aff,.-ct Villag~ Si~ ,~ ~tld b~ ~ 70 iimg~fii~d~ evc~t o~ fi~e Rose Canyon fault zone resulting in an estimated peak ground acceleration of 0.19 g. A seismic event with the potential to affect noncritical structures would likewise emanate from the Rose Canyon fault zone, with a magnitude of 6.5 and a corresponding ground acceleration of 0.14 g. Expansive soils within pavement, foundation, or slab subgrade could heave when wetted, resulting in cracking or failure of these development improvements. Development on compressible soils could potentially settle under increased load and damage structures, 24 roads, and property. The design of proposed Village Six SPA Plan structures would comply with the requirements of the Uniform Building Code and standard practices of the Association of Structural Engineers of California. Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.5, page 126]. 5.5-1 During construction, liquefiable soils within the colluvium/alluvium shall be removed and replaced with compacted fill. 5.5-2 During construction, highly expansive soils shall be kept below finish grade. Where excavations expose highly expansive materials at finish grade, these materials shall be excavated a minimum of four feet below finish grade. Where excavations expose very highly expansive material at finish grade, these materials shall be excavated a minimum of five feet below finish grade. The excavations shall be replaced with a compacted fill soil that has a low to moderate expansion potential. 5.5-3 During construction, the developer shall remove loose, compressible soils and replace as compacted fill in areas that will be subjected to new fill or structural loads. 5.5-4 During grading, the developer shall construct earthen buttresses on unstable slopes with drains installed, as warranted, at the rear of the buttresses to control groundwater. 5.5-5 Grading of building pads shall be designed so that foundations bear entirely on a relatively uniform depth of compacted fill. This may be accomplished by over excavating the cut portion of the building pad. 5.5-6 Prior to approval of grading plans for the proposed project, the applicant shall submit an additional geotechnical investigation. The detailed analysis shall be subject to approval of the City Engineer. The analysis shall include, but not be limited to a deli,eatiou of speci~c !oc~tiot~, where liquefiable, colllpi'es~iv~,', ami expansive soils would affect structural stability and where graded slopes would expose bedrock susceptible to instability. F. PALEONTOLOGICAL RESOURCES Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact on paleontological resources if it: 25 Directly or indirectly destxoys a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature. Impact: Grading impacts to alluvium would potentially impact paleontological resources. Destruction of the paleontological resources from either the Otay Formation or the San Diego Formation would result in a significant, direct, long-term impact. [EIR, Subchapter 5.6, page 130]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the E1R to a level of insignificance. Explanation: Impacts to paleontological resources occur when earthwork activities cut into geological formations and destroy the buried fossil remains. Areas of the Otay Formation may be exposed during grading and construction activities. Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.6, page 131]. 5.6-1 Prior to issuance of any on-site (or off-site) grading permits, the applicant shall confirm to the City that a qualified paleontologist has been retained to carry out the following mitigation program. The paleontologist shall attend pregrade meetings to consult with grading and excavation contractors. (A qualified paleontologist is defined as an individual with an M.S. or Ph.D. in paleontology or geology who is familiar with paleontological procedures and techniques.) 5.6-2 A paleontological monitor shall be on-site at all times during the original cutting of previously undisturbed sediments of highly sensitive geologic formations (Otay and San Diego Formations) to inspect cuts for contained fossils. The paleontological monitor shall work under the direction of a qualified paleontologist. The monitor shall periodically (every several weeks) inspect alluvium). (A paleontological monitor is defined as an individual who has experience in the collection and salvage of fossil materials.) 5.6-3 If fossils are discovered, the paleontologist (or paleontological monitor) shall recover them. h~ instances where recovery requires an extended salvage time, the paleontologist (or paleontological monitor) shall be allowed to temporarily direct, divert, or halt grading to allow recovery of fossil remains in a timely manner. 26~ Where deemed appropriate by the paleontologist (or paleontological monitor), a screen-washing operation for small fossil remains shall be set up. 5.6-4 Prepared fossils, along with copies of all pertinent field notes, photographs, and maps, shall be deposited (with the applicant's permission) in a scientific institution with paleontological collections such as the San Diego Natural History Museum. A final summary report shall be completed which outlines the results of the mitigation program. This report shall include discussion of the methods used, stratigraphy exposed, fossils collected, and significance of recovered fossils. G. AGRICULTURE Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact on agriculture if it: · converts Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Falxniand of Statewide Importance, as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the FMMP of the California Resources Agency, to nonagricultural use. ,, conflicts with existing zoning for agricultural use or a Williamson Act contract. involves other changes in the existing environment that, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of farmland to nonagricultural use. Impact: · ,The loss of agricultural land and land suitable for the production of crops would result in a significant impact due to the incremental and irreversible loss or impairment of limited agricultural resources. Noise, odors, insects, rodents, and chemicals associated with agricultural operations would create indirect, short- term, potentially significant impacts between the agricultural uses and urban uses. [EIR, Subchapter 5.7 pages 134-135]. lh'~d~g~ Pursua~t t~ ~ecticm 1500! (~I~.(~) of*he CEQA Guidelines, changes or ~lterafi(ms are required in, or incoiporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Explanation: Historically, the Village Six SPA Plan area has been used for dry farming, as well as cattle and sheep grazing. Crop production was limited to hay and grains due to limited water availability; however, with advancements in water importation and irrigation, tomato cultivation increased and truck farnfing was introduced. Cattle grazing and cultivation of wheat and barley continue as active uses on-site. The Agricultural 27 Management Map for Otay River, Jamul-Proctor Valley, and San Ysidro Mountains (Baldwin Vista 1989) delineates intensities of allowed agricultural use within Otay Ranch. According to this map, cultivation and cattle grazing activities are allowed on the Village Six SPA Plan property. There is no land currently subject to the Williamson Act on the Village Six property. Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.7, pages 135 - 136]. 5.7-1 The agricultural plan included in the Village Six SPA Plan shall be implemented for the area as development proceeds on the project. The following measures shall be implemented by the developer, to the satisfaction of the Director of Planning and Building: a) A 200-foot buffer shall be maintained between developed property and ongoing agriculture operations; b) Vegetation shall be provided to shield adjacent urban development (within 400 feet) from agriculture activities where pesticides are to be applied; c) Notification of adjacent property owners of potential pesticide application shall be given through newspaper advertisements; and d) Fencing shall be provided to ensure the safety of Village Six SPA residents. H. WATER RESOURCES AND WATER QUALITY Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact on water resources and water quality if it: City of Chula Vista Engineering Standards for storm water flows and volumes; substantially depletes groundwater or interferes substantially with groundwater recharge such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table level; 28 substantially alters the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, in a manner which would result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site; substantially alters the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, or substantially increases the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or off-site; · creates or contributes runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned storm water drainage systems or provides substantial additional sources of polluted runoff or otherwise substantially degrades water quality; alters an existing ! 00-year floodplain or flood regime; · places housing within a 100-year flood hazard area which would impede or redirect flood flows; · exposes people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death involving flooding, including flooding as a result of the failure of a levee or dam; and/or exposes people or structures to inundation by seiche, tsunami, or mudflow. Impact: · Project implementation may result in on-site flooding and off-site runoff flooding effects downstream, which would have long-term, direct and indirect, significant impacts. Project implementation may also result in uncontrolled discharge of pollutants with "first flush" events which would have a long-term, indirect, significant impact. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(l) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Explanation: Development of the proposed Village Six SPA Plan would result in an increase in the amount of runoff during storms due to the overall increase in impervious surfaces area. Based on the amount of additional development area, the surface runoff in a 100-year storm event would increase with implementation of the Village Six SPA Plan. The existing Q50 and Ql00 flows associated with the Village Six area is 221 cfs and 272 cfs, respectively. When SR-125 is constructed these flows will increase to 248 cfs and 306 cfs, respectively. With the proposed completion of the Village Six SPA Plan, and the construction of SR-125, Qs0 flows are anticipated to be 437 cfs and Qlo0 flows will be 538 cfs. The increase in runoff flows has the potential to impact downstream drainage facilities in Poggi Canyon. The existing Poggi Canyon detention basin has been designed to handle projected flows from Village Six. This detention basin is intended to serve as a regional drainage facility and has been constructed to reduce impacts to downstream facilities. In the short term, Village Six SPA Plan site preparation and grading, including clearing, trenching, and other earthwork, will generate sediment that could affect water quality. To reduce the impacts to water quality, construction activities will have to comply with all applicable regulations established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as set forth in the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit requirements for urban runoff and storm water discharge. Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.9, pages. 148-149]. 5.9-1 Prior to issuance of a grading permit, a detailed drainage system design study shall be prepared to the satisfaction of the City Engineer, and shall include: a) peak runoff at each inlet, outlet, interceptor, concentration, or confluence point, both predevelopment and postdevelopment conditions; b) the integration of the proposed system with the existing and proposed downstream drainage facilities to effectively control flows within the entire system; and c) maps showing existing and postdevelopment conditions for existing topography and proposed grading plans incorporating a drainage system design with main lines and detention/desilting facilities pursuant to Section 3-202.1 of the Chula Vista Subdivision Manual; and on-site detention/desilting facilities shall be incorporated in the design for the 5.9-2 Prior to the issuance of the first grading permit, the applicant shall submit a SWPPP including assignment of maintenance responsibilities for review and approval by the City Engineer prior to issuance of grading permits. The SWPPP shall be consistent with the requirements of the Clean Water Act and the BMPs of the RWQCBi BMPs identified in the SWPPP shall include but shall not be limited to the following: 30 a) Temporary erosion control measures designed in accordance with the Chula Vista Grading Ordinance shall be employed for disturbed areas and shown on the grading plans; b) No disturbed surfaces shall be left without erosion control measures in place during the winter and spring months; c) Sediment will be retained on-site by a system of sediment basins, traps, or other appropriate measures, and shown on the grading plans; d) Silt and oil and other contaminants will be prevented from entering the storm drain system or removed from the system, by a means acceptable to the City Engineer. Storm drain inlets shall be labeled "No Dumping- Drains to Ocean"; e) All parking lots shall be designed to allow storm water runoff to be directed to vegetative filter strips or oil-water separators to control sediment, oil, and other contaminants; and f) Permanent energy dissipaters will be included for drainage ouflets. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. I. TRAFFIC, CIRCULATION, AND ACCESS Standards of Significance: The City has developed traffic standards, which were used by LLG to evaluate the proposed project. The traffic impacts would result in a significant transportation/traffic impact if they would exceed the following thresholds for intersections, street segments, freeways, and Congestion Management Program thresholds. The following criteria are from "Guidelines for Traffic Impact Studies" (February 13, 2001). Short-term (Study Horizon Year 0 to 4) 1. Intersections a. Project specific impact if both the following criteria are met: i. Level of service is LOS E or LOS F; and ii. Project trips comprise 5% or more of entering volume. 31 b. Cumulative impact if only #1 is met. 2. Street Lines/Segments If the ADT methodology indicates LOS C or better, the impact is not significant. If the ADT methodology indicates LOS D, E, or F, die GMOC method should be used. The following criteria would then be used. a. Project specific impact if all the following criteria are met: i. Level of service is LOS D for more than 2 hours or LOS E/F; ii. Project trips comprise 5% or more of segment volume; and iii. Project adds greater than 800 ADT to segment. b. Cumulative impact if only #1 is met. 3. Freeways a. Project specific impact if both the following criteria are met: i. Freeway segment LOS is LOS E or LOS F; and ii. Project comprises 5% or more of the total forecasted ADT on that freeway segment. b. Cumulative impact if only #1 is met. Long Term (Study Horizon Year 5 and later) 1. Intersections "~'~i:c~ !,i~:~:it~ ii ~,:~ iff )dt '~1~ i'~G~wi~}g <:t~i~cfia arc inet: i. Level of service is LOS E or LOS F; and ii. Project trips comprise 5% or more of entering volume. b. Cunmlative impact if only #1 is met. 2. Street Lines/Segments 2 Use the planning analysis using the volume-to-capacity ratio methodology only. The GMOC analysis methodology is not applicable beyond a four- year horizon. a. Project specific impact if all three of the following criteria are met: i. Level of service is LOS D for more than 2 hours or LOS E/F; ii. Project trips comprise 5% or more of segment volume; and iii. Project adds greater than 800 ADT to segment. b. Cumulative Impact if only #1 is met. However, if the intersections along a LOS D or LOS E segment all operate at LOS D or better, the segment impact is considered not significant since intersection analysis is more indicative of actual roadway system operations than street segment analysis. If segment Level of Service is LOS F, impact is significant regardless of intersection LOS. c. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the impact identified in paragraph (a) above occurs at study horizon year 10 or later, and is off-site and not adjacent to the project, the impact is considered cumulative. Study year 10 may be that typical SANDAG model year which is between 8 and 13 years in the future. In this case of a traffic study being performed in the period of 2000 to 2002, because the typical model will only evaluate traffic at years divisible by 5 (i.e., 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020) study horizon year 10 would correspond to the SANDAG model for year 2010 and would be 8 years in the future. If the model year is less than 7 years in the future, study horizon year 10 would be 13 years in the future. d. In the event a direct identified project-specific impact in paragraph (a) above occurs at study horizon year 5 or earlier and the impact is off- site and not adjacent to this project, but the property immediately ,d!~',mt t~ the icte~,t~fi~cl ?r~,?ct s:p~cific impacl is ~1!~(~ propo:,ed to be developed in approximately the same time frame, an additional analysis may be required to determine whether or not the identified project-specific impact would still occur if the development of the adjacent property does not take place. If the additional analysis concludes that the identified project-specific impact is no longer a direct impact, then the impact shall be considered cumulative. 33 3. Freeways a. Project-specific impact if both the following criteria are met: i. Freeway segment LOS is LOS E or LOS F; and ii. Project comprises 5% or more of the total forecasted ADT on that freeway segment. b. Cumulative impact if only 4/1 is met. Congestion Management Program (CMP) Project traffic and roadway improvements must be in compliance with the SANDAG CMP. The CMP was adopted by SANDAG on November 22, 1991, and is intended to directly link land use, transportation, and air quality through level of service performance. The CMP requires an enhanced CEQA review of all large projects that are expected to generate more than 2,400 ADT or more than 200 peak hour trips. In 1993, the Institute of Transportation Engineers California Border Section and the San Diego Region Traffic Engineer's Council established a set of guidelines to be used in the preparation of traffic impact studies that are subject to the enhanced CEQA review process. This published document, which is titled 1993 Guidelines for Congestion Management Program Transportation Impact Reports for the San Diego Region, requires that a project study area be established as follows: · All streets and intersections on CMP roadways or on "regionally significant arterials" where the project will add 50 or more peak hour trips in either direction. ® Mainline freeway locations where the projects will add 150 or more peak hour trips in either direction. Per these guidelines, East H Street, 1-805, Telegraph Canyon Road, and SR-125 were analyzed, as required to satisfy the CMP. Impact: ,, Direct project impacts would occur on Otay Lakes Road between H Street and Telegraph Canyon Road. [EIR, Subchapter 5.10, page 177]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR, to a level of insignificance. 34 Explanation: If development exceeds 944 units without SR-125, widen to six lanes or construct intersection improvements on Otay Lakes Road that provide additional capacity to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. Mitigation Measure: The following mitigation measure is feasible and is required as a condition of approval and is made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.10, page 181]. 5.10-1 If development exceeds 944 un/ts without SR-125, it is necessary to widen Otay Lakes Road to six lanes or construct intersection improvements on Otay Lakes Road that provide additional capacity to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. J. AIR QUALITY Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact on air quality if it: · conflicts with or obstructs implementation of the applicable air quality plan. · violates any air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation. · results in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions which exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone precursors). · exposes sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations such as ozone or respirable particulates (PM- 10). · creates objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people. In addition, the APCD has recommended using the following thresholds (Table 5.11-1) adopted from those established by the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD): 35 TABLE 5.11-1 SCAQMD THRESHOLDS Pollutant Project Construction Project Operation Carbon monoxide 550 pounds/day 550 pounds/day Reactive organic compounds 75 pounds/day 55 pounds/day Nitrogen oxide 100 pounds/day 55 pounds/day Sulfur dioxide 150 pounds/day 150 pounds/day Particulates 150 pounds/day 150 pounds/day SOURCE: SCAQMD (2000). Exceeding these thresholds, either during project construction or upon buildout and occupancy, would result in a significant air quality impact~ Impact · The construction of the proposed project would result in the generation of significant temporary construction equipment exhaust emissions, plus long-term _ significant cumulative emissions from project-generated vehicle trips. The proposed project would result in long-term operational emissions, primarily from vehicle emissions that will exceed SCAQMD thresholds. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the E1R. With implementation of all feasible mitigation, construction activity emissions would still exceed the identified significance threshold for NO× and PM-10 by a wide margin. The only mitigation available for this impact is the No Project alternative. Pursuant to section 15091(a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. Explanation: Prqject operations related emissions, including those from stationarv and mollie sources, m'e projected to exceed SCAQMD. Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures for air quality impacts are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.1 I, page 195]. 5. I 1- 1 The following mitigation measures shall be implemented during construction and placed as notes on all gn'ading plans: 36 a) Minimize simultaneous operation of multiple construction equipment units; b) Use low pollutant-emitting construction equipment; c) Use electrical construction equipment as practical; d) Use catalytic reduction for gasoline-powered equipment; e) Use injection timing retard for diesel-powered equipment; f) Water the construction area twice daily to minimize fugitive dust; g) Stabilize graded areas as quickly as possible to minimize fugitive dust; h) Pave permanent roads as quickly as possible to minimize dust; i) Use electricity from power poles instead of temporary generators during building; j) Apply chemical stabilizer or pave the last 100 feet of internal travel path within a construction site prior to public road entry; k) Install wheel washers adjacent to a paved apron prior to vehicle entry on public roads; 1) Remove any visible track-out into traveled public streets within 30 minutes of occurrence; m) Wet wash the construction access point at the end of each workday if any vehicle travel on unpaved surfaces has occurred; n) Provide sufficient perimeter erosion control to prevent washout of silty material onto public roads; o) Cover haul trucks or maintain at least 12 inches of freeboard to reduce blow-off during hauling; and p) Suspend ail soil disturbance and travel on unpaved surfaces if winds exceed 25 miles per hour. Significance After Mitigation: Significant and not mitigated. 37 K. NOISE Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact with regard to noise if it: e results in exterior noise levels that exceed 65 CNEL in residential areas and outdoor recreational areas and 70 CNEL in office and commercial districts. results in interior noise levels that exceed 45 dB CNEL for single-family and multi-family residential homes. o creates a substantial or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project. · results in noise levels that violate the City's Noise Ordinance (Chapter 19.68.010 of the Municipal Zoning Code). Impact: Potential sources of noise related to the proposed Village Six SPA Plan include construction noise, traffic-generated noise, and commercial noise. Traffic on La Media, Olympic Parkway, Birch Road, and SR-125 would cause a significant noise impact. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(l) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Explanation: Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.12, pages 204-206]. 5.12-1 Prior to the approval of tentative maps, the applicant shall submit an acoustical study for approval by the Director of Building and Planning, which includes the following: a) Location and heights of noise barriers in accordance with Figure 5.12-1 of the EIR; 38 b) A detailed analysis which demonstrates that barriers or setbacks have been incorporated into the project design, such that noise exposure to residential receivers placed in useable exterior areas are at below 65 dB CNEL; and c) A detailed analysis, which demonstrates that barriers or setbacks have been incorporated into the project design, such that, when considered with proposed construction specifications, interior noise levels shall not exceed 45 db CNEL. Should grading or traffic assumptions change during the processing of the tentative map, the barriers shall be refined to reflect those modifications. 5.12-2 The applicant shall grant an easement to the City along that portion of the project adjacent to SR-125 for future construction of required noise mitigation bamers. The applicant shall construct the noise barriers adjacent to SR-125 as shown on Figure 5.12-1 prior to the issuance of the first building permit within the adjacent neighborhood or the opening of SR-125, whichever occurs earlier. Noise barrier design and construction adjacent to SR-125 shall be coordinated with the City, Caltrans, and California Transportation Ventures (CTV). All other required noise barriers adjacent to Olympic Parkway, La Media Road, and Birch Road shall be shown on the grading plan or a wall and fence plan to be approved prior to issuance of the first grading permit within any adjacent neighborhood. Walls adjacent to Olympic Parkway, La Media Road, and Birch Road shall be constructed prior to the issuance of the first building permit within the adjacent neighborhood. 5.12-3 Prior to approval of building permits for commercial development, a report shall be prepared demonstrating that HVAC equipment is designed to ensure that noise levels from the equipment will not exceed the City's Noise Ordinance Standards. 5.12-4 If balconies are proposed for the multi-family uses adjacent to SR-125, prior to approval of building plans an acoustical analysis of site plans and building plans shall be prepared by the applicant and reviewed by the Director of Planning and Building to ensure that they meet the 65 dB(A) CNEL exterior. 5.12-5 The water pump station shall be placed within an enclosure capable of reducing the noise of the pumps such that, when operating, the sound pressure level at a distance of 50 feet from the pumps is 50 decibels or less. Prior to the installation of the pump station, the applicant shall provide an acoustical report demonstrating that the proposed pumps and enclosure meet this condition, to the satisfaction of the Director of Planning and Building. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. 39 L. PUBLIC FACILITIES POTABLE WATER Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact on potable water if it: encourages activities which result in the use of large amounts of water or use of water in a wasteful manner. results in substantial need for new, altered, or expanded services. contributes to a capacity deficiency in a regional facility. In addition, according to City threshold standards, impacts to water resources would be significant if the proposed project exceeds City threshold standards which ensure that adequate supplies of quality water, appropriate for intended use, are available. The standards require the following actions: a) The applicant must request and deliver to the City service availability letters from the appropriate water district for each project at the tentative map level; b) The project applicant is required to submit a Water Conservation Plan along with a SPA Plan application; and c) The project plans shall ensure an adequate supply of water on a long-term basis prior to the development of each Otay Ranch SPA. Impact: The proposed project could result in significant impacts to potable water supply and storage. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, page 216]. are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Explanation: The proposed project would result in an incremental increase in water consumption and place additional demands on water storage and pumping facilities. The impact to water storage and pumping facilities would be significant if construction of facilities does not coincide with the anticipated growth associated with the Village Six SPA Plan. 40 Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, pages 216-217]. 5.13.1-1 The final Subarea Water Master Plan shall be approved prior to the approval of any tentative map. The Master Plan shall include the design of water system infrastructure including timing and cost by phase' of development and must be in compliance with the OWD Master Plan. 5.13.1-2 Prior to approval of the first tentative map, the applicant shall provide the City with a letter from the OWD stating that adequate pumping and storage capacity is available or will be available concurrent with need. 5.13.1-3 Prior to approval of each Tentative Map, the applicant shall provide the City with a letter from the OWD stating that adequate storage capacity exists or will be available concurrent with need. 5.13.1-4 Water facilities improvements shall be financed or installed on- and off-site in accordance with the fees and phasing in the approved Public Facilities Finance Plans (PFFP) for the Village Six SPA Plan. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. RECYCLED WATER Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact on recycled water service if it: · encourages activities which result in the use of large amounts of water or use of water in a wasteful manner. results in substantial need for new, altered, or expanded services. creates a public health risk. 41 Impact: The proposed project could result in significant impacts to recycled water supply and storage. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, pages 219-220]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the E1R to a level of insignificance. Explanation: The proposed project would result in an incremental increase in recycled water use and place additional demands on water storage and pumping facilities. There is a projected recycled water demand of 121,644 gpd for Village Six. The increase in recycled water demand has been planned for by the OWD and will not have a significant impact. The impact to recycled water storage and pumping facilities could be significant if construction of new facilities d ..... oes not coincide w~th the project s anticipated growth. Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, page 220]. 5.13.2-I The applicant shall provide for adequate recycled water storage and distribution facilities, which shall be constructed in accordance with the Subarea Master Plan and to the satisfaction of the OWD. These water infrastructure improvements are described in the Village Six Plq~'}' and the SPA Plan. The proposed PFFP identifies the development impact fees that the applicant shall pay to mitigate impacts, the estimated cost of the facility, the applicant's obligation to construct or pay for the necessary mitigation, and the phasing improvements. Prior to approval of the first final map, the applicant would provide written proof from OWD that adequate water storage and distribution facilities are available to serve the proposed project area. 5.13.2-2 A complete Subarea Master Plan shall be required prior to approval of the tentative map. The recycled water system shall be designed at that time and the timing and cost shall be identified by phase of development. 5.13.2-3 The final Subarea Water Master Plan shall be submitted to the City for review and approved by OWD prior to the approval of any tentative map. The Master Plan shall include the design of water system infrastructure including timing and cost by phase of development and must be in compliance with the OWD Master Plan. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. 42 SEWER Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact on sewer service it if: results in substantial need for new, altered, or expanded services. · contributes to a capacity deficiency in a regional facility. creates a public health risk. exceeds City Engineering Standards. Impact: · Development of the proposed project could result in significant impacts to sewer services. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, page 225]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091(a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Explanation: The City has established criteria to estimate sewage flows from different land uses. Singie-family dwelling units are estimated to produce an average of 265 gpd and multi-family dwelling units are assumed to produce 75 pement of the sewage generated in a single-family dwelling unit, or 199 gpd. Commemial/industrial uses, and CPFs generate 2,500 gpd/acre. Elementary schools are assumed to produce 15 gpd/student and high schools are assumed to produce 20 gpd/student. The average daily sewage flow from the proposed Village Six SPA Plan is estimated to be 581,692 gpd. Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, pp. 225]. 5.13.3-1 Prior to recording final maps, the City Engineer shall be satisfied that the Poggi Canyon Interceptor has adequate capacity in the interim to handle projected sewage flows. The calculation of existing and anticipated sewage flow has determined that two capital improvement projects are needed to provide capacity for the proposed development. These include the completion of the Salt Creek Interceptor Reach 9B connection to regionally exceed 947 EDUs (Improvement P-l) and increasing the size of the Poggi Canyon line beneath 1-805 (Improvement P-2) to regionally exceed 3,770 EDUs. 43 5.13.3-2 Sewer facility improvements shall be financed or installed on- and off-site in accordance with the fees and phasing in the approved Public Facilities Financing Plan. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. LAW ENFORCEMENT Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact on police services if it: exceeds threshold standards, such as the ability to respond to Priority One emergency calls throughout the city within 7 minutes in 84 pement of the cases and maintain an average response time to all Priority One calls of 4.5 minutes or less. exceeds threshold standards to respond to Priority Two urgent calls, throughout the city within 7 minutes in 62 percent of cases, and maintain an average response time to all Priority Two calls of 7 minutes or less. Impact: The project would cause an incremental increase in calls for police services. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, page 229]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Explanation: The Police Department is not currently meeting the threshold standards for either Priority One or Priority Two calls. Development of Village Six would result in an incremental increase in calls for police service. Given the location of the project, officers would be required to travel additional distances to respond to calls for service. Increased Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, page 229]. 5.13.5-1 Significant impacts to police services shall be addressed on a citywide level through the payment of public facility fees. The proposed PH-P describes public facilities fees for police services based on equivalent dwelling units by 44 development phase. The applicant shall pay the public facilities fees at the rate in effect at the time building permits are issued. FIRE AND EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact on tim protection services if it: reduces the ability to respond to calls throughout the city within seven minutes in 85 percent of the cases. Impact: The project would increase the demand for fire services. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, pages 230-231 ]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Explanation: The Chula Vista Fire Department does not currently meet the threshold standard for response time for the City, including the Otay Ranch community. However, as population growth in the service area warrants, fire stations would be cons~'ucted within Villages Two and Nine of the Otay Valley parcel and within Village Thirteen of the Proctor Valley parcel. These stations would help ensure adequate service within the requirements of the GMOC threshold standards. Impacts to fire and emergency medical services would be significant if construction of these facilities does not coincide with the project's anticipated population growth and increased demand for services. Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, page 231]. ~ire ~orvi,'e r,!eilitie~, ':h:~![ he ,ci~ianced {>r provided iri accordalice with the f¢es and phasing in the approved PFFP for the Village Six SPA Plan. 5.13.6-2 The City shall continue to monitor Fire Department responses to emergency fire and medical calls and report the results to the Growth Management Oversight Committee on an annual basis. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. 45 SCHOOLS Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact on fire protection services if it: ~ results in a residential population that exceeds the capacity of existing or planned schools. o results in the need for new, altered, or expanded school services. According to Otay Ranch GDP, impacts would be significant if the proposed project locates schools: · in areas where disturbing factors such as traffic hazards, airports, or other incompatible land uses are present. in areas where they are not integrated into the system of alternative transportation corridors, such as bike lanes, riding and hiking trails, and mass transit. · where private elementary and secondary schools are not spaced far enough from public schools and each other to prevent an overconcentration of school impacts. · without at least 10 usable acres for an elementary school. · without a central location to residential development. · adjacent to a street or road which cannot safely accommodate bike, foot, and vehicular traffic. in areas not adjacent to parks, thereby discouraging joint field and recreation facility uses. · at an unsafe distance (as required by law) from contaminants or toxins in the soil or groundwater from landfills, fuel tanks, agricultural areas, power lines, utility easements, and so on. · inside of floodplains; on unstable soils; or near fault lines. Impact: Project implementation would result in a significant impact to schools unless construction of facilities coincide with student generation and associated service demands. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, pages 233-234~. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. 46 Explanation: Project implementation would have a significant impact on schools. The estimate of the number of students to be generated by the proposed project upon buildout was based on the current student generation factors used by each of the school districts. The proposed project is expected to generate approximately 1,366.4 students between elementary, middle school, and high school grades. Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, page 234]. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. LIBRARY SERVICE Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact on library services if it: · fails to meet the threshold standard of 600 gross square feet of library space, adequately equipped and staffed, per 1,000 population. ° fails to meet the minimum planning guidelines for space requirements and size of collection of library facilities which are outlined in the Pubic Facilities Element of the Chula Vista General Plan (Chapter 3, Section 5.6): (1) library space of 0.5 gross square feet per capita; (2) three books per capita; and (3) one periodical subscription per each 150-200 residents. Impact: Impacts to library services are considered significant. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, r~lm- 2361 Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(l) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Explanation: The City currently does not meet the 3.0 books/capita criteria established by the Public Facilities Element of the Chula Vista General Plan. Implementation of the Village Six SPA Plan would result in an increased demand on existing library services, 47 including a need for a total of 4,161 square feet of library facilities based on the expected project population of 6,279 people. If the housing alternative is developed on neighborhood R-11/S-2 the population is projected to be 6,718 people with a proportional increase in the requirement for library facilities. Mitigation Measure: The following mitigation measure is feasible and is required as a condition of approval and is made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, page 236]. 5.13.8-1 Library facilities, supplies, and services shall be financed in accordance with the approved fees and phasing in the PPtW for the Village Six SPA Plan. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. PARKS AND RECREATION Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact on park and recreational facilities if it: results in a residential population that exceeds the capacity of existing or planned park and recreation facilities. does not conform to the park dedication standard of three acres of neighborhood and community parkland per 1,000 residents. e is inconsistent with the goals and policies of the General Plan and other adopted plans addressing parks, trails, and other recreational amenities. does not provide 15 acres of regional park and open space per 1,000 Otay Ranch residents. Impact: A significant impact could result if dedication of parkland and construction of new facilities does not coincide with project implementation and project population growth. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)( 1 ) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. 48 Explanation: A 7.6-gross-acre neighborhood park (7.0 acre net) is planned in the Village Core adjacent to the elementary school site (Figure 5.13-5). The remainder of the parkland requirement would be provided with funding and phasing of community parks as identified in the PFFP. The regional parks requirements would be met through fair- share conudbution to the funding for regional park acquisition and facilities development, or satisfied through the dedication of off-site parkland per the Director of Parks and Recreation. Mitigation Measure: The following mitigation measure is feasible and is required as a condition of approval and is made binding on the applicant through these findings. 0EIR, Subchapter 5.13, page 240]. 5.13.9-1 Neighborhood parks shall be financed and constructed on-site in accordance with the fees and phasing approved in the PFFP for the Village Six SPA Plan. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Standards of Significance: The proposed project would have a significant impact with regard to hazardous materials if it: creates a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials. creates a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment. enfits hazardous emissions or handles hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school. pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, a significant hazard to the public or the environment would be created. is located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport and would result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area. 49 is located within the vicinity of a private airstrip and would result in a safety hazard for people residing or Working in the project area. impairs implementation of or physically interferes with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan. exposes people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death involving wildland fires, including where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas. Impact: Potentially significant impacts related to the transport of hazardous materials could result from implementation of the Village Six SPA Plan. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091(a)(1 ) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Explanation: Village Two West and Village Three, located on the western edge of the Otay Valley parcel, include planned industrial land uses. In addition to industrial land use, the Program EIR identified that there could be risks from future Otay Ranch development. Planning Area 12 and the proposed University sites are anticipated to include a variety of research facilities, university laboratories, and major retail centers. The above uses could involve hazardous materials. These materials would be transported on the future regional circulation system. Because of this, there is a minor potential for traffic accidents involving hazardous materials to occur in the project area. The use, transport, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials would be conducted in compliance with the relevant regulations of federal, state, and local agencies, including the Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Health Services, and Caltrans. Due to the low probability of an uncontrolled spill, impacts are anticipated to be less than significant. Mitigation Measure: The following mitigation measure is feasible and is required as a Subchapter 5.13, page 243]. 5 14.1 The transport, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials shall be conducted in compliance with the relevant regulations of federal, state, and local agencies, including the EPA, California Department of Heath Services (DHS), and California Department of Transportation. 50 CUMULATIVE SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Cumulative impacts are those which "are considered when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects" (Pub. Resources Code section 21082.2, subd. (b)). Several development proposals have been submitted for consideration or have been recently approved by the Cities of Chula Vista and San Diego and the County of San Diego in proximity to Village Six. These "current or probable furore" development proposals would affect many of the same natural resources and public infrastructure as development of the Village Six SPA Plan. In formulating mitigation measures for the project, regional issues and cumulative impacts have been taken into consideration. Many of the mitigation measures adopted for the cumulative impacts are similar to the project level mitigation measures. This reflects the inability of the Lead Agency to impose mitigation measures on surrounding jurisdictions (i.e., City of San Diego, City of National City, Caltrans, and Mexico) and the contribution of these jurisdictions to cumulative impacts. The project along with the other related projects will result in the following irreversible cumulative environmental changes. All page numbers following the impacts refer to pages from the EIR. A. LAND USE Impact: The proposed Village Six SPA Plan, in conjunction with buildout of the Otay Ranch and other surrounding properties, would contribute to the conversion of over 30,000 acres of vacant land to urban uses. The overall loss of open space associated with the conversion would have a significant cumulative land use impact. Finding: The only mitigation available for this impact is the No Project alternative. Pursuant to section 15091(a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. Explanation: In adopting the Findings of Fact to approve the Otay Ranch GDP, the City r~m~cil f~,und that th~e ~1!~- n!~ r,,'!sib!e ~e:~sure,~ that w,~!~! ~'~itig~tc ~l~c imp~tc: below ~/ level of significance. A Statement of OvenSding Considerations was adopted. The City Council determined that the cumulative land use impact was acceptable because of the specific ovenSding considerations. Mitigation Measure: No mitigation, other than the No Project alternative, is available to lessen or avoid this impact. 51 B. LANDFORM ALTERATION/VISUAL AESTHETICS Impact: Development of the proposed Village Six SPA Plan would contribute to a change in the visual quality of the region. Finding: The only mitigation available for this impact is the No Project alternative. Pursuant to section 15091(a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. Explanation: The visual quality would be affected by the change in character from a rural to an urban setting and overall landform alteration. Impacts to the nighttime visual setting would also occur from the cumulative addition of lights as Otay Ranch and surrounding proposed projects are implemented. Mitigation Measure: Cumulative visual impacts related to the change in visual character for the Otay Ranch and other major projects in the region would remain significant. No mitigation has been identified for the Village Six SPA Plan to reduce this impact, and therefore, the Village Six SPA Plan would result in significant cumulative impacts related to a change in the visual character of the Village Six Project Area that cannot be fully mitigated. C. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES Impact: Development of the proposed Village Six SPA Plan would contribute to a significant cumulative loss of raptor foraging habitat. Finding: The only mitigation available for this impact is the No Project alternative. Pursuant to section 15091(a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. Explanation: Implementation of the Village Six SPA Plan and Conceptual TMs would eliminate approximately 386 acres of agricultural fields used for foraging by raptor species. The Program EIR 90-01 identified loss of raptor foraging habitat as a significant impact. The Village Six SPA Plan would contribute to this significant impact. Mitigation Measure: No mitigation has been identified for the Village Six SPA Plan to reduce this impact, and therefore, the Village Six SPA Plan would result in significant cumulative impacts related to raptor foraging habitat that cannot be fully mitigated. D. CULTURAL RESOURCES Impact: Development of the proposed Village Six SPA Plan would contribute to a significant cumulative loss of cultural resources. 52 Finding: The only mitigation available for this impact is the No Project alternative. Pursuant to section 15091(a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. Explanation: The Otay Ranch Program EIR made a Finding of Overriding Considerations, whereby the benefits of the Otay Ranch project outweigh the significant cumulative impacts to cultural resources. No new cumulative impacts beyond those previously analyzed in the original Program EIR would occur from implementation of the project. However, because of the continuing depletion of the archaeological record through general development, cumulative impacts to cultural resources would remain significant and unmitigated. Mitigation Measure: No mitigation has been identified for the Village Six SPA Plan to reduce this impact. Therefore, the Village Six SPA Plan would result in significant cumulative impacts related to raptor foraging habitat that cannot be fully mitigated. E. AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES Impact: Cumulative development of Otay Ranch and surrounding properties would result in the permanent loss or impairment of lands suitable and historically used for production of coastal-dependent crops. Finding: The only mitigation available for this impact is the No Project alternative. Pursuant to section 15091(a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. Explanation: Although the area is not currently used for this type of agricultural production, the region represents an agricultural resource because of its coastal climatic conditions. The cumulative commitment of agricultural land to urban uses would be irreversible. Mitigation Measure: No mitigation has been identified for the Village Six SPA Plan to reduce this impact. Therefore, the Village Six SPA Plan would result in significant not mitigated cumulative impacts related to agricultural resources; such impacts cannot be fi~!lv miti eared F. WATER RESOURCES AND WATER QUALITY Impact: The increase in runoff and decrease in water quality would have a significant cumulative impact to the quality and quantity of runoff. 53 Finding: Pursuant to section 15091(a)(I) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially lessen or avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR to a level of insignificance. Explanation: The recently developed and proposed communities would involve the creation of substantial areas of new impervious surfaces. These additional impervious surfaces would reduce the amount of infiltration of storm water. A decrease in potential recharge to the groundwater basin and an increase in the runoff would result. Urban activities, including but not limited to construction, would add contaminated materials to this increased quantity of surface water runoff. The surface water quality, particularly in the Otay River, Pogg/ Canyon, and Telegraph Canyon drainage basins, would be affected. Mitigation Measure: The increase in runoff and decrease in water quality would have a significant cumulative impact on these drainage basins. The mitigation measures, as specified above, will be incorporated into final design plans based on the surface water modeling and will reduce the potential cumulative impacts to a level below significance. G. TRAFFIC, CIRCULATION, AND ACCESS Impact: The proposed project would contribute to significant cumulative traffic impacts on Olympic Parkway between SR-125 and EastLake Parkway. [EIR, Subchapter 5.10, Table 5-10.6 pages 178-180]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(l) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. Explanation: At buildout, Olympic Parkway from SR-125 to EastLake Parkway is anticipated to operate at LOS F. Mitigation Measure: The following mitigation measure is feasible and is required as a Subchapter 5.13, Table 540.6 page 181]. 5.10-2 The General Plan shall be amended to designate this portion of the roadway as an Enhanced Prime Arterial with eight lanes. The required amendment shall be adopted no later than the first General Plan Amendment considered for adoption in 2002. The applicant shall contribute a fair share towards construction of the two additional lanes. 54 Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. Impact: The proposed project would contribute to significant cumulative traffic impacts on Olympic Parkway between EastLake Parkway and Hunte Parkway. [EIR, Subchapter 5.10, Table 5-10.6 pages 178-180]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. Explanation: At buildout, Olympic Parkway from EastLake Parkway to Hunte Parkway is anticipated to operate at LOS F. Mitigation Measure: The following mitigation measure is feasible and is required as a condition of approval and is made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, Table 5-10.6 page 181]. 5-10.3 The applicant shall contribute a fair share toward the construction to six-lane Prime Arterial standards. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. Impact: The proposed project would contribute to significant cumulative traffic impacts on tray Lakes Road between SR-125 and Eastlake Parkway. [EIR, Subchapter 5.10, Table 5-10.6 pages 178-180]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091(a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. anticipated to operate at LOS F. Mitigation Measure: The following mitigation measure is feasible and is required as a condition of approval and is made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13 Table 5-10.6 page 181J. 5.10-4 The General Plan shall be amended to designate this portion of the roadway as an Enhanced Prime Arterial with seven lanes. The required amendment shall be 55 adopted no later than the first General Plan Amendment considered for adoption in 2002. The applicant shall contribute a fair share towards construction of the additional eastbound lane. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. Impact: The proposed project would contribute to significant cumulative traffic impacts on Otay Lakes Road between H Street and Telegraph Canyon Road. [EIR, Subchapter 5.10, Table 5-10.6 pages 178-180]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091(a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. Explanation: Until improvements are made, Otay Lakes Road between H Street and Telegraph Canyon Road operating as a four-lane major is anticipated to function at LOS F. Mitigation Measure: The following mitigation measure is feasible and is required as a condition of approval and is made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5. ! 3, Table 5-10.6 page 182]. 5.10-5 The applicant shall contribute a fair share towards widening to six lanes or towards intersection improvements that provide additional capacity along Otay Lakes Road to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant Impact: The proposed project would contribute to significant cumulative traffic impacts on Otay Lakes Road between Bonita Road and H Street. [EIR, Subchapter 5.10, Finding: Pursuant to section 15091(a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. 56 Explanation: Until improvements are made, Otay Lakes Road between H Street and Bonita Road, operating as a four-lane major, is anticipated to function at LOS F. Mitigation Measure: The following mitigation measure is feasible and is required as a condition of approval and is made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, page 182]. 5.10-6 The applicant shall contribute a fair share towards the widening to six lanes or towards intersection improvements that provide additional capacity along Otay Lakes Road to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. Impact: Other intersections and roadways prior to the construction of SR-125 would be significantly impacted if developed units exceed 9,429 dwelling units. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091(a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. Explanation: Prior to the construction of SR-125 the capacity of the circulation system is projected to be limited. Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, page 182] 5.10-7 Prior to the construction of SR-125, the City shall stop issuing new building permits for Village Six when the City, in its sole discretion, determines: a) building permits for a total of 9,429 dwelling units have been issued for projects east of 1-805. b) an alternative measure has been selected by the City in accordance with the City of Chula Vista Growth Management Ordinance. The start date for counting the 9,429 dwelling units is January 1, 2000. Notwith- standing the foregoing, the City may issue building permits if the City decides in its sole discretion that: (1) traffic studies demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the City Engineer; (2) that the circulation system has additional capacity without exceeding the GMOC traffic threshold standards; (3) other improvements are 57 constructed which provide additional necessary capacity; (4) the City selects an alternative method of implementing the GMOC standards. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. Impact: The proposed project would contribute to significant cumulative traffic impacts to the intersection of Olympic Parkway and Wueste Road if SR-125 is not completed. [E1R, Subchapter 5.10, Table 5-10.6 pages 178-180]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. Explanation: At buildout, the intersection of Olympic Parkway and Wueste Road is anticipated to operate at LOS F. Mitigation Measure: The following mitigation measure is feasible and is required as a condition of approval and is made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, page 182]. ~- 5.10-8 The applicant shall contribute a fair share towards the future signalization of this intersection. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. Impact: The proposed project would contribute to significant cumulative traffic impacts to 1-805 between Bonita Road and Telegraph Canyon Road. [EIR, Subchapter 5.10, Table 5-10.6 pages 178-180]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091(a)(2) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or the agency making the findings. Such other changes have been adopted by such other agency or can and should be adopted by such other agency. In the case of improvements required to 1-805 between Bonita Road and Telegraph Canyon Road, the changes or alterations required are the responsibility of Caltrans. Explanation: Additional lanes are required to maintain an acceptable level of service on Interstate 805. 58 Mitigation Measure: The following mitigation measure is feasible and is required as a condition of approval and is made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, page 183]. 5.10-9 Additional lanes would be required to maintain acceptable LOS on 1-805. Continued freeway planning efforts and deficiency planning by Caltrans and SANDAG will determine mitigation strategies for the regional freeway system. Significance After Mitigation: Significant and not mitigated. Impact: Access to the project from perimeter roadways is required prior to project development. [EIR, S ubc hapter 5.10, Table 5-10.6 pages 178-180]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. Explanation: Circulation system improvements are required to ensure adequate access to the subject project. Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, page 183]. 5.10-10 Prior to approval of the first final map, which triggers the installation of the related street improvements, the applicant shall enter into an agreement to construct and secure a fully activated traffic signal including interconnect wiring at the following intersections: La Media and J Street; La Media and Birch Road; Birch Road and Street R; and ~irch ~::d a~d CPw ~ ^,,'~.~,~,. The applicant shall fully design the aforementioned traffic signals as part of the improvement plans for the related street and shall install underground improvements, standard luminaries in conjunction with the construction of the related street improvements. In addition, the applicant shall install mast arms, signal heads, and associated equipment if traffic signal warrants are met as determined by the City Engineer. 59 Once 75 percent of the residential units within Village Six have been constructed, the applicant shall conduct a traffic signal warrant analysis at the Palomar Street?'R" Street and the "R" Street?'J" Street intersections. If traffic signal warrants are met at either or both of the intersections, the applicant shall constxuct a fully activated traffic signal including interconnect wiring. Prior to approval of the first final map, which triggers the installation of the related street improvements, the applicant shall enter into an agreement to construct and secure the necessary modifications, as required by the City Engineer, including interconnect wiring to the following intersections: Olympic Parkway and La Media Road; and Olympic Parkway and East Palomar Street. The applicant shall fully design the aforementioned traffic signals as part of the improvement plans for the associated street. Prior to the approval of a CUP for the private high school, the applicant shall prepare a site-specific access study and provide the required improvements acceptable to the City Engineer. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant Impact: Village Core traffic operations would have significant traffic impacts. [EIR, Subchapter 5.10, page 184]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091(a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. Explanation: Circulation issues internal to the Village Core need to be reviewed to ensure that traffic flows are adequately considered for non-residential uses. Mitigation Measures: The following mitigation measures are feasible and are required as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5~ 13, page 184]. 5.10-11 All site plans for non-residential uses (with the exception of schools) shall be prepared to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. The City Engineer may require a project-specific traffic study if the project has the potential for resulting in unanticipated circulation impacts. Recommendations to reduce 60 potentially significant impacts shall be incorporated into the site plan or required as a condition of project approval. Potential traffic impacts resulting from development and operation of the schools shall be reviewed by the respective school districts when specific projects are under consideration. All street improvements shall be coordinated with the City and the City shall request review of ail draft plans. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. Secondary Impacts Associated with Off-Site Traffic Mitigation Improvements Impact: At the time off-site improvements are designed and proposed, additional environmental review may be required to determine potential impacts related to construction, including water quality, traffic, and impacts to paleontological resources, and the need for specific mitigation measures to address these potential impacts. [EIR, Subchapter 5.10, page 186]. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091(a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. Explanation: The off-site traffic improvements described above for direct and cumulative traffic impacts could create secondary 'impacts associated with land use, biological resources, construction-related water quality impacts, construction-related traffic impacts (potential land closures, traffic delays, and hazards), aesthetics/landform alteration, noise, and cultural/paleontological resources. Although these off-site roadway improvements have not been designed or engineered, the area potentially affected by the widening is described below along with an evaluation of potential impacts. Program- level mitigation requirements are identified below to reduce the impacts to below a level of significance at the time the improvements are designed. as a condition of approval and are made binding on the applicant through these findings. [EIR, Subchapter 5.13, pages 186-187] 5.10-12 Prior to approval of a roadway improvement project, a biological reconnaissance based on detailed grading and design plans shall be conducted by the applicant to document any impacts to sensitive biological resources. Any impacts to sensitive biological habitats shall be mitigated pursuant to the 61 mitigation ratios described in the draft or approved Chula Vista MSCP Subarea Plan. 5.10-13 Prior to issuance of any grading permits for a roadway improvement, a detailed acoustical study for the affected roadway segment shall be prepared to determine the need for any noise attenuation measures for adjacent sensitive land uses. 5.10-14 Prior to the approval of the design plans for a roadway improvement, a detailed landscaping plan shall be prepared to ensure that potential aesthetic impacts associated with any grading necessary for the improvement are mitigated. 5.10-15 As a condition of any off-site roadway improvement approval, monitoring of any grading for the presence of cultural and paleontological resources shall be required. If such resources are encountered during grading operations, the protocol described in Section 5.6 of this EIR shall be required. 5.10-16 As a condition of any off-site roadway improvement approval, applicable construction-related water quality mitigation measures shall be required by the City Engineer. 5.10-17 As a condition of any off-site roadway improvement approval, preparation of a traffic control plan for delays and hazards associated with construction impacts shall be prepared by the applicant and subject to the approval of the City Engineer. 5.10-18 For the widening of Otay Lakes Road between H Street and Telegraph Canyon Road, plans prepared for the improvements shall be designed to avoid impacts to the church and the library. Significance After Mitigation: Less than significant. H. AIR QUALITY Impact: Cumulative impacts to air quality related to long-term mobile emissions would be significant. Finding: The only mitigation available for this impact is the No Project alternative. Pursuant to section 15091(a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. 62 Explanation: The development of Village Six will impact air quality through the vehicular traffic generated by project residents. Regionally, site-related travel will add to regional trip generation within the local air basin. Mitigation Measure: No mitigation is available to reduce this cumulatively significant impact to less than significant levels. I. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES WA~R Impact: Cumulative impacts to water quality would be significant. Finding: The only mitigation available for this impact is the No Project alternative. Pursuant to section 15091(a)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, specific economic, legal, social, technological or other considerations make this alternative infeasible. Explanation: The proposed project plus cumulative development would incrementally increase regional water consumption. Water supplies in southern California fluctuate with precipitation, climatic conditions, and disputes over water rights from imported sources. Cumulative impacts to water supply associated with ongoing development on a regional scale are anticipated. The additional demand for the Village Six SPA Plan in conjunction with the other proposed and approved projects within the Chula Vista area would be approximately 77.2 mgd. Mitigation Measure: No mitigation is available to reduce this cumulatively significant impact to less than significant levels. SEWER Impact: The cumulative impact to the sewer system is significant. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091(a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the signi [5c,q~t m~vironment~ql ~ffect ~m idemified ix the ~Ur~. ~mpleme~,,tatio~ of the ;,".e~::~res described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. Explanation: The combined effect of buildout of the Otay Ranch GDP with other surrounding GDPs would result in a total estimated sewage flow of 35.6 mgd. Additional wastewater transmission and treatment facilities would be necessary to handle this flow level. 63 Mitigation Measure: Proposed mifigaton requires that each applicant construct or contribute toward the cost of constructing required regional wastewater facilities in proportion to the flows contributed. The provision of regional facilities in conjunction with project-specific improvements would reduce the impacts to below the level of significance. INTEGRAI~D WASTE MANAGEMENT Impact: The cumulative impact to integrated waste management is significant. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091(a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. Explanation: Buildout of the southern portion of San Diego County would result in a substantial increase in the generation of solid waste. Landfill capacity in the region is limited. The cumulative impact is potentially significant. All new development within the region would have to comply with the City of Chula Vista and County of San Diego programs and regulations concerning long-term solid waste disposal. Mitigation Measure: The cumulative impact will be reduced by providing additional solid waste facilities and recycling facilities, transporting trash outside the region to less impacted areas, and meeting state-mandated recycling goals. The PFFP establishes the fees and phasing associated with contributing toward the cost of construction of any regional facilities. The implementation of these measures reduces the cumulative impact to below the level of significance. LAW ENFORCEMENT, FIRE PROTECTION, AND EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES Impact: The cumulative impact to law enforcement, fire protection, and emergency medical services is significant. are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. Explanation: The overall population growth would substantially increase demands on law enforcement, fire protection, and emergency medical services. The cumulative 64 impact would be significant. Staffing and new facilities would be required to adequately accommodate the population increase expected at buildout. Mitigation Measure: The measures specified in the PFFP will ensure that these services are provided incrementally but concurrent with need. With the development of master plans for fire service, law enforcement, and emergency medical services, the cumulative impacts would be reduced to a level below significance. SCHOOLS Impact: The cumulative impact on the school districts is significant. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. Explanation: The combined new students that would be generated by the residential development proposed in the region would continually require new schools, staff, and supplies be provided throughout buildout. As development occurs, school fees or assessments would be paid. Elementary, junior, and high school sites have been designated within specific Otay Ranch villages under the Otay Ranch GDP. Mitigation Measure: The measures specified in the PFFP will ensure that schools are provided in accordance with need. Implementation of the PFP'P along with the development of the school master plan would mitigate the cumulative impact on schools to below a level of significance. LmRARY SERVICES Impact: The cumulative impact on the libraries is significant. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091(a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations ~!re re~{red iT! or ir~ea~,'pc~r~i'ect into. ~he project ;l~:t ,,~ill st~bstantially avoid th~ significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. Explanation: Population growth in the Village Six SPA Plan region would result in the need for substantial additional library space, books, and staff. The impact would be cumulatively potentially significant. The Otay Ranch GDP provides for the establishment of a "main library" as part of the Eastern Urban Center development. 65 Mitigation Measure: Paymems of the development impact fees established for libraries would reduce the cumulative impact to a level of insignificance. PARKS AND RECREATION Impact: The cumulative impacts on local and regional park and recreational facilities would be significant. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091(a)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. Explanation: Cumulatively, the proposed and approved projects in the region would place substantial demands on neighborhood, community, and regional parks. Mitigation Measure: Regional park and community park financing would be provided through the PFFP requirements. Implementation and design would be addressed through the Village Six Neighborhood Park Conceptual Master Plan. The cumulative impacts would be reduced to below the level of significance with the long-term provision of both local and regional parks. HAZARDS/RISK OF UPSET Impact: The cumulative impacts resulting from the risk of upset and potential exposure to hazardous materials is significant. Finding: Pursuant to section 15091 (a)(l) of the CEQA Guidelines, changes or alterations are required in, or incorporated into, the project that will substantially avoid the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR. Implementation of the measures described below in addition to adherence with applicable laws and regulations would mitigate significant impacts below a level of significance. E,:p[a~at~on~ The potential risk of ~idversc health ~.:ffccts ;tssocii¢ied with the usc, transport, and storage of hazardous materials and generation of hazardous waste would increase with build out of cumulative projects. Mitigation Measure: The potential for a significant cumulative impact would be reduced to a level less than significant with the implementation of the mitigation measures identified in the Program EIR and adherence to applicable laws and regulations. 66 FEASIBILITY OF POTENTIAL PROJECT ALTERNATIVF, S Because the project will cause some unavoidable significant environmental effects, as outlined above, the City must consider the feasibility of any environmentally superior alternative to the project as finally approved. The City must evaluate whether one or more of these alternatives could avoid or substantially lessen the unavoidable significant environmental effects. Where, as in this project, significant environmental effects remain even after application of all feasible mitigation measures identified in the EIR, the decision makers must evaluate the project alternatives identified in the Subsequent EIR. Under these circumstances, CEQA requires findings on the feasibility of project alternatives. In general, in preparing and adopting findings, a lead agency need not necessarily address feasibility when contemplating the approval of a project with significant impacts. Where the significant impacts can be mitigated to an acceptable (insignificant) level solely by the adoption of mitigation measures, the agency, in drafting its findings, has no obligation to consider the feasibility of environmentally superior alternatives, even if their impacts would be less severe than those of the project as mitigated (Laurel Heights Improvement Association v. Regents of the University of California (1988) 47 Cal.3d 376 [253 Cal.Rptr. 426]; Laurel Hills Homeowners Association v. City Council (1978) 83 Cal.App.3d 515 [147 Cal. Rptr. 842]; Kings County Farm Bureau v. City of Hanford (1990) 221 Cal.App.3d 692 [270 Cal.Rptr. 650]). Accordingly, for this project, in adopting the findings concerning project alternatives, the City Council considers only those environmental impacts that, for the finally approved project, are significant and cannot be avoided or substantially lessened through mitigation. if project alternatives are feasible, the decisionmakers must adopt a Statement of Overriding Considerations with regard to the project. If there is a feasible alternative to the project, the decisionmakers must decide whether it is environmentally superior to the project. Proposed project alternatives considered must be ones that "could feasibly attain the basic objectives of the project." However, the CEQA Guidelines also require an EIR to examine alternatives "capable of eliminating" environmental effects even if these alternatives "w,~tld impede to some degree: thc :~ttainmcnt of the project ottjcctives." [CEQA Guidelines section 15126.] The City has properly considered and reasonably rejected project alternatives as "infeasible" pursuant to CEQA. CEQA provides the following definition of the term '~feasible" as it applies to the findings requirement: feasible means capable of being accomplished in a successful manner within a reasonable period of time, taking into account economic, environmental, social, and technological factors." [Pub. Resources Code section 21061.1] The CEQA Guidelines provide a broader definition of 67 "feasibility" that also encompasses "legal" factors. CEQA Guidelines section 15364 states, "the lack of legal powers of an agency to use in imposing an alternative or mitigation measure may be as great a limitation as any economic, environmental, social, or technological factor." (See also Citizens of Goleta Valley v. Board of Supervisors (1990) 52 Cal.3d 553,565 [276 Cal. Rptr. 410].) Accordingly, "feasibility" is a term of art under CEQA and thus may not be afforded a different meaning as may be provided by Webster's dictionary or any other sources. Moreover, Public Resources Code section 21081 governs the "findings" requirement under CEQA with regard to the feasibility of alternatives. Specifically, no public agency shall approve or carry out a project for which an environmental impact report has been certified which identifies one or more significant effects on the environment that would occur if the project is approved or carded out unless the public agency makes one or more of the following findings: (1) "Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect as identified in the final EIR." [CEQA Guidelines section 15091, subd. (a)(1)] (2) "Such changes or alterations are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another public agency and not the agency making the finding. Such changes have been adopted by such other agency or can and should be adopted by such other agency. [CEQA Guidelines section 15091, sub& (a)(2)] (3) "Specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations, including provision of employment opportunities for highly trained workers, make infeasible the mitigation measures or project alternatives identified in the final EIR." [CEQA Guidelines section 15091, subd. (a)(3)] The concept of "feasibility" also encompasses the question of whether a particular alternative or mitigation measure promotes the underlying goals and objectives of a project. (CiO, of Del Mar v. City of San Diego (1982) 133 Cal. App.3d 410, 417 [183 Cal. Rptr. 898]). "'[F]easibility' under CEQA encompasses 'desirability' to the extent that desirability is based on a reasonable balancing of the relevant economic, environmental, ~0cip~l ~:~d tecbn01ogica~ factors." (~l~id.; se~. als~ &~q~?d~ biii[~, i'io~e~!?.,~ers As.v~. ~,. City of Oakland (1993) 23 Cai.App.4th 704, 715 [29 Cal. Rptr.2d 182]). These findings contrast and compare the alternatives where appropriate in order to demonstrate that the selection of the finally approved project, while still resulting in significant environmental impacts, has substantial environmental, planning, fiscal and other benefits. In rejecting certain alternatives, the decisionmakers have examined the finally approved project objectives and weighed the ability of the various alternatives to 68 meet the objectives. The decisionmakers believe that the project best meets the finally approved project objectives with the least environmental impact. The detailed discussion in Sections IX and X demonstrate that all but three significant environmental effects of the project have been either substantially lessened or avoided through the imposition of existing policies or regulations or by the adoption of additional, formal mitigation measures recommended in the EIR. The remaining unmitigated impacts are the following: Air quality (direct and cumulative - conformance with regional plans, construction emissions project operations emissions); ,, Transportation/traffic circulation (cumulative - 1-805: Bonita Road to Telegraph Canyon Road); and · Landform alteration and visual quality (cumulative - contribution to open space conversion). Thus, the City can fully satisfy its CEQA obligations by determining whether any alternatives identified in the EIR are both feasible and environmentally superior with respect to the impacts listed above. (Laurel Hills, supra, 83 Cal.App.3d at 519-527 [147 Cal.Rptr. 842]; Kings County Farm Bureau v. City of Hanford (1990) 221 Cal.App.3d 692, 730-731 [270 Cal.Rptr. 650]; and Laurel Heights Improvement Association v. Regents of the University of California (1988) 47 Cal.3d 376, 400-403 [253 Cal. Rptr. 426].) As the following discussion will show, no identified alternative qualifies as both feasible and environmentally superior with respect to the unmitigated impacts. To fully account for these unavoidable significant effects, and the extent to which particular aitematives might or might not be environmentally superior with respect to them, these findings will not focus solely on the impacts listed above, but may also address the environmental merits of the alternatives with respect to all broad categories of impacts---even though such a far-ranging discussion is not required by CEQA. The findings ~vill also assess whether each alternative is feasible in light of the City's objectives for the Project. ~i~c City .~ ~cvicw oi project altcntanvcs is guided primarily by the need lo leduce potential impacts associated with the Project, while still achieving the basic objectives of the Project. Here, the City's primary objective is to comprehensively plan, coordinate and implement development over a large area. More specific objectives include those previously listed in Section II~. 69 A. NO PROJECT ALTERNATIVE Section 15126, subdivision (d)(4), of the CEQA Guidelines requires the evaluation of the "No Project" alternative. Such an alternative "shall discuss the existing conditions, as well as what would be reasonably expected to occur in the foreseeable future if the project were not approved, based on current plans and consistent with available infrastructure and conununity services." Under the No Project alternative, the Village Six SPA Plan area would remain essentially in its existing undeveloped condition. The impacts associated with project implementation and the potentially significant cumulative impacts of proposed and approved developments in the area would not occur under this scenario. The No Project alternative would thus nullify impacts to aesthetics, agricultural resources, air quality, biological resources, cultural/paleontological resources, geology/geologic hazards, hydrology, land use, noise, public facilities, traffic/circulation, and utilities/service systems. However, as part of the City's General Plan and adopted GDP, the Village Six SPA Plan area is an area planned for development, and it is likely that similar development would be proposed for the site in the future. With respect to water quality, no structural systems are currently in place to control the pollutants associated with the existing land uses of dry fanning and grazing, such as organic matter, animal wastes, pesticides, and fertilizer. Based on the proximity to the lakes and the streambed, the potential hazards to runoff and water quality are considered moderate to high. The No Project alternative would thus continue the current runoff conditions. Although the No Project alternative is considered environmentally preferable to the proposed project, it would not accomplish several of the goals and objectives of the proposed project. Finding: 1. The No Project alternative would not provide housing, which conflicts with the housing goals of the General Plan which recommends that housing be provided I'o[ all income gmUl)S. 2. This alternative does not provide employment opportunities. 3. This alternative provides little or no support for public transit, conflicting with the adopted General Plan transit goals. 4. Retention of the project site in its existing state as primarily agricultural fields would be inconsistent with the approved General Plan and existing Otay Ranch 7O General Development Plan land use designations for the site. In addition, key subregional traffic routes established in the Circulation Element would not be implemented. 5. Retention of the site in its current vacant condition would not implement the goals of the General Plan and would require re-evaluation of the existing GDP. The project proposes to provide regional-serving public facilities designated in the conununity plan, including Circulation Element roads, schools, parks, open space, water conveyance facilities, and other infrastructure. These facilities would be needed to support sun'ounding developments whether the project is implemented or not. The No Project alternative would require that these facilities be provided without the benefit of the dedications and financial participation from private development, which may delay or preclude facilities from being provided. The reduction in dwelling units will result in a loss of contributions into the PFFP from the dwelling units/structures that would otherwise have made payments upon issuance of building permits. The loss of units under the No Project alternative would result in a shortfall of contributions into the PFFP and potentially lead to insufficient funding for the remaining public facilities currently identified in the PFFP for construction in this area. 7. The City and County would receive much lower long-term revenues in the form of property and sales tax, resulting from the nondevelopment of residential areas. Implementation of the No Project alternative would achieve very few of the objectives established for the project. Although this alternative would at least temporarily preserve the open space and other natural features on the project site, it would amount to a failure to attempt to plan the site for eventual development, despite the planned community designation contemplated by the General Plan and GDP. The No Project alternative is inconsistent with the City's objectives: to plan the project area in a comprehensive manner in a way that deals with the logical extension of public services and utilities; to plan for parks and open space to serve residents; to complete the City's circulation; and to create densities sufficient to pay for all required services and infrastructure. The alternative also fails to meet objectives favoring an accommodation of fmnre pro.iected pop~_~!,~tlo~ ,,, ~,, ~rc~! . ~ sonab ) ~los¢ ~c~ [uturc job-growth a'eas within the city, as well as the construction of affordable housing consistent with the City's goals. For these reasons, the City Council concludes that the No Project alternative is not feasible. (See City of Del Mar, supra, 133 Cal.App.3d at 417; Sequoyah Hills, supra, 23 Cai.App.4th at 715.) 71 B. REDUCED DENSITY ALTERNATIVE Under the Reduced Density alternative, the residential intensity of development would be reduced by approximately 29 percent by decreasing the total number of multi- and single- family residential units. The Reduced Density alternative would retain the high school and the church and reduce both the single-family and multi-family densities. It retains the elementary school, public park, open space, and circulation roadways. The grading for this alternative would remain essentially the same. The entire site would be graded to accommodate the modified residential use. Because grading would remain essentially the same, impacts to biology, cultural resources, geology and soils, agriculture, paleontology, and landform are equivalent between the proposed project and the Reduced Density alternative. The traffic generated by the Village Six Reduced Density alternative would be reduced by approximately 4,995 ADT, for a total of 27,784 ADT. The significant traffic impacts associated with the implementation of the proposed Village Six SPA Plan would be reduced but would not be avoided. As the significant traffic impacts are cumulative, the traffic mitigation measures would be unchanged from those required of the proposed project; this is because the 15 percent reduction in ADT would not bring significant traffic impacts below the thresholds for significance. Air quality impacts associated with vehicular trips would also be reduced under this alternative. While short-term air quality impacts associated with construction would not be reduced, because the area and extent of grading would remain essentially the same as that for the proposed project, there would be a slight decrease in overall long-term air quality impacts associated with power generation and the operation of on-site commercial facilities due to the reduced population. Overall, the reduction in air quality impacts would be minor and the cumulative impact would remain significant and unmitigable. Development of Otay Ranch is based on the Village Concept, which plans for a Village Core with land uses that will meet the day-to-day needs of the village residents. The Reduced Density alternative reduces the amount of multi-family dwelling within the Village Core. The Reduced Density alternative does not provide the multi-family commercial and public uses in the Village Core. The Reduced Density alternative would reduce the amount of housing available within Village Six by approximately 29 percent. This would reduce the ability of the City to meet the projected need for an additional 13,500 dwelling units by 2005. The Reduced Density alternative would not be in confomlance with the policies outlined in SANDAG's Growth Management Plan. The lack of housing concurrent with needs as 72 shown in SANDAG forecasts and in the Growth Management Plan would result in a potentially significant impact. The grading plan for the Reduced Density alternative would be very similar to the grading plan required for the proposed project. The proximity of future development to major roadways would remain unchanged. The mitigation measures for noise impacts to future development areas would also be expected to remain unchanged. Mitigation measures for noise impacts associated with construction would remain unchanged. The Reduced Density alternative, therefore, does not avoid or lessen noise impacts. Since the Reduced Density alternative does not propose significant grading modifica- tions, there would not be a measurable reduction in the volume or quality of the runoff from the site. The following project objectives would be achieved by the Reduced Density alternative: 1. Promote synergistic uses between Village Six, the neighborhoods of EastLake, and adjacent Otay Ranch villages to balance activities, services, and facilities; 2. Implement the City's Growth Management Program to ensure that the public facilities are provided in a timely manner and financed by the parties creating the demand for and benefiting from the improvements; 3. Foster development patterns that promote orderly growth and prevent urban sprawl; 4. Develop, maintain, and enhance a sense of community identity; 5. Accentuate the relationship of the land use plan with its natural setting and the physical character of the region and promote effective management of natural resources by concentrating development into less sensitive areas while preserving large, contiguous open space areas with sensitive resources; and 6. Add to the creation of a unique Otay Ranch image and identity that differentiates Ot~y r~anch fi'~:w ctl~er The Reduced Density alternative would not meet the following goals and objectives: l. Implement the goals, objectives, and policies of the Chula Vista General Plan, particularly the tray Ranch General Development Plan, the Resource Management Plan, the Facility Implementation Plan, the Village Phasing Plan, and the Service/Revenue Plan; 73 2. Establish a pedestrian-oriented village with an urban core to reduce reliance on the automobile and to promote walking as well as the use of bicycles, buses, and public transit; 3. Establish a land use and facility plan that assures the viability of Village Six in consideration of existing and anticipated economic conditions; and 4. Wisely manage limited natural resources. The GDP envisions higher residential densities than proposed by the Reduced Density alternative. The purpose of the higher densities is to promote pedestrian, bicycle, and transit-oriented development and to wisely manage limited natural resources through the concentration of development in the least environmentally sensitive areas while preserving large tracts of open space. Reduction in density, as proposed under the Reduced Density alternative, would provide insufficient density in the Village Core to support transit facilities and to promote pedestrian-oriented land use design. For these reasons, the City Council concludes that the Reduced Density alternative is not feasible. (See City of Del Mar, supra, 133 Cal.App.3d at 417; Sequoyah Hills, supra, 23 Cai. App.4th at 715.) XlI. STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE PROPOSED VILLAGE SIX SPA PLAN EIR The project would have significant, unavoidable impacts on the following areas, described in detail in these Findings of Fact: * Land Use; Landfonn Alterations/Aesthetics; Biological Resources; Agricultural Resources; · Transportation, Circulation and Access; and ~, Air Quality. The City has adopted all feasible nfitigation measures with respect to these impacts. Although in some instances these mitigation measures may substantially lessen these significant impacts, adoption of the measures will, for many impacts, not fully avoid the impacts. Moreover, the City has examined a reasonable range of alternatives to the project. Based on this examination, the City has determined that none of the alternatives (1) meets project objectives, and (2) is environmentally preferable to the proposed project. As a result, to approve the project, the City must adopt a "statement of overriding considerations" pursuant to CEQA Guidelines section 15043 and 15093. This provision allows a lead agency to cite a project's general economic, social, or other benefits as a justification for choosing to allow the occurrence of specified significant environmental effects that have not been avoided. The provision explains why, in the agency's judgment, the project's benefits outweigh the unavoidable significant effects. Where another substantive law (e.g., the California Clean Air Act, the Federal Clean Air Act, or the California and Federal Endangered Species Acts) prohibits the lead agency from taking certain actions with environmental impacts, a statement of overriding considerations does not relieve the lead agency from such prohibitions. Rather, the decision-maker has recommended mitigation measures based on the analysis contained in the Final EIR, recognizing that other resource agencies have the ability to impose more stringent standards or measures. CEQA does not require lead agencies to analyze "beneficial impacts" in an EIR. Rather, EIRs are to focus on potential "significant effects on the environment," defined to be "adverse." (Pub. Resource Code Section 21068.) The Legislature amended the definition to focus on "adverse" impacts after the California Supreme Court had held that beneficial impacts must also be addressed. (See, Wildlife Alive v. Chickering (1976) 18 Cal.3d 190, 206 [132 Cal.Rptr. 377].) Nevertheless, decision-makers benefit from information about project benefits. These benefits can be cited, if necessary, in a statement of overriding considerations. (CEQA Guidelines Section 15093.) The City finds that the proposed project would have the following substantial, social, environmental and economic benefits. Any one of the reasons for approval cited below is sufficient to justify approval of the project. Thus, even if a court were to conclude that not every reason is supported by substantial evidence, the City Council would stand by its determ~mttion that eat5 individual reasoli is ,,',t[ficient. The substantial evidence supporting the various benefits can be found in the preceding findings, which are incorporated by reference into this Section, and in the documents found in the Record of Proceedings, as defined in Section IV. Environmental Protection and Prese~wation The Village Six SPA Plan will convey 332.73 acres into the Otay Ranch open space preserve. The Resource Management Plan (RMP) has established performance standards 75 for achieving an 11,375-acre Otay Ranch open space preserve. Compliance relies on progressive acquisition, or funding for acquisition, of the designated Otay Ranch Preserve areas with each development approval. Village Six would have an indirect, long-term, potentially significant impact related to biological resources management unless the Otay Ranch regional open space is preserved proportionally and concurrently with development. The preserve includes an open space system that incorporates public education programs, links community to natural areas, and preserves and restores sensitive habitats, special landforms, and wildlife corridors. In addition, a system of paths and trails will connect the urban villages and their parks, forming a passive and active recreation network throughout the area. The RMP adopted by the Chula Vista City Council has the following functions. Serves as a plan-wide multi-species/habitat and cultural resources management program; ,, Provides the funding, phasing, and ownership mechanisms necessary to effectively protect and manage on-site resources over the long term; Plans for coordinated, controlled public use and enjoyment of the Management Preserve established as part of the RMP consistent with protection of sensitive resources; * Provides certainty that the open space will be preserved in perpetuity by requiring irrevocable dedications of open space acreage; and * Preserves/protects cultural resources. The RMP provides for management, resource enhancement and restoration, research, education, and interpretive activities to ensure that resource values in areas to be preserved are maintained and enhanced in perpetuity. The RMP also addresses cultural, paleontological, recreational, and agricultural resource protection needs in addition to sensitive habitats. Finally, the RMP provides an opportunity to establish large blocks of i~i~rco~c~tcd natural opel~ space. By linking the Otay Ranch Management Preserve system to large and adjacent publicly owned open space lands with resource values similar to those found on the Otay Ranch property, the RMP contributes to the creation of an overall regional open space system, providing more than 35,000 acres of interconnected open space in Otay Ranch and the immediate vicinity. The RMP identifies the preservation of sensitive habitats that contain approximately 100 species of sensitive plants and animals. 76 Community Planning and Development Development Patterns Which Minimize the Adverse Impacts of Development on Air Quality and Congestion. The Otay Ranch area contributes to air pollution in the San Diego air basin. Most of this pollution is attributable to motor vehicles. The Village Six SPA Plan and the Village concept of the Otay Ranch GDP are designed to minimize automobile trip length and thereby reduce pollutant contributions to regional air quality that would otherwise result if jobs and housing were provided for in a typical suburban development pattern. Otay Ranch's location adjacent to the Otay Mesa industrial area will provide housing proximate to this employment center. A mixed~use development, the GDP will promote linkage of trips, reduce trip length, and encourage use of alternative modes of transportation such as biking, walking and use of transit. The GDP creates a multi-modal transportation network that minimizes the number and length of single-passenger vehicle trips. Designed to encourage walking, biking, use of transit and reduced reliance on automobiles, the GDP clusters high-density, high-intensity development in villages near transit and light rail terminals. Jobs, homes, schools, parks, and commercial centers are close by and linked by pedestrian and bicycle routes. Comprehensive Regional Planning The GDP and the Village Six SPA Plan provide the opportunity to comprehensively plan development that meets the region's needs for housing, jobs, infrastructure, and environmental preservation. These benefits are made possible by Otay Ranch's size and scope. The Otay Ranch GDP includes a provision for regional purpose facilities and public services that are typically not undertaken for smaller development projects. The regional planning process undertaken for the GDP involved long-range inter- jurisdictional coordination, ensuring maximum achievement of policies and regulations of both the City of Chula Vista and San Diego County. The benefits offered by the regional planning process utilized for the GDP include the following: Comprehe~iw~ ('~msider:~tio~ of the ~DP cumulafi~ effects; Consistency in the approach to resolving regional issues such as transportation, air quality, habitat preservation, infrastructure, and public services planning; and o Long-range coordination of local and regional public facilities. The GDP includes a provision for designating land for regional purpose facilities. These facilities are provided by the County and are currently housed in County-owned facilities, 77 where available, but are more commonly located in leased or rented space. Designation of land for regional purposes will facilitate the provision of these services and provide better opportunities for users of these facilities than is currently available with new development. Housing Needs The GDP will help meet a projected long-term regional need for housing by providing a wide variety of housing types and prices. In recent years, the' cost of housing compared to other uses (e.g., commercial, industrial) has risen disproportionately to the cost of other uses in the Otay Ranch area, reflecting a shortfall in residentially zoned land. The GDP will help reduce the cost of housing by designating an adequate supply of suitable land for residential development. The Village Six SPA Plan would increase the housing stock in the City by approximately 2,086 dwelling units. This proposed level of development is included in the adopted planning for the City. The project represents a future housing supply for the region. Phasing will occur in response to market conditions, which will help fulfill the demand for housing. If the high school is not built, an additional 146 units could be constructed for a total of 2,232 units. SANDAG has forecasted a need for an additional approximately 13,500 additional dwelling units within the city of Chula Vista by 2005. The Village Six SPA Plan would enact the SANDAG policies by implementing a bus system, providing a pedestrian- oriented development, preserving open space adjacent to the project, offering new homes, increasing the tax base for the City, and providing right-of-way for the regional transit system. The Village Six SPA Plan would provide five percent low-income and five percent moderate-income housing. This constitutes 202 affordable units, half of which are designated as low-income housing and half as moderate-income housing. The proposed 10 percent affordable housing is consistent with the objectives of the City's Housing Element and the Otay Ranch GDP requirements. The fiscal impact analysis conducted for the GDP and included in the Otay Ranch gervlce Revenue Plan concluded that, at buildout, the GDP will have a net positive impact on both the City of Chula Vista and the County of San Diego. Because it is anticipated that during buildout there will be short-term periods in which the costs to service Otay Ranch exceed revenues, the GDP includes a reserve fund program, which protects the City and County by correcting any operating deficiencies incurred by the affected jurisdiction during years where there is a fiscal shortfall. Financing of the 78 reserve program and the cost of annual fiscal reviews will be the responsibility of the applicant. The project will provide for significant community-wide public facilities. As the plan is implemented, it will be responsible for constructing public facilities and infrastructure to serve the project and incidentally the subregion. These facilities include: ,, Improvements to regional backbone circulation system; · Schools serving the subregion including the on-site elementary; and A public park and greenbelt and community trails. The project would also generate new temporary construction-related jobs that would enhance the economic base of the region. For these reasons, on balance the City Council finds there are economic, social, and other considerations resulting from the project that serve to override and outweigh the project's unavoidable significant environmental effects and, thus, the adverse unavoidable effects are considered acceptable. 79 R2002-021 Exhibit B OTAY RANCH VILLAGE SIX SECTIONAL PLANNING AREA PLAN MITIGATION MONITORING REPORTING PROGRAM Inffoduction This mitigation monitoring reporting program (MMRP) was prepared for the City of Chula Vista for the Otay Ranch Village Six Sectional Planning Area (SPA) Plan to comply with Assembly Bill 3180, which requires public agencies to adopt such programs to ensure effective implementation of mitigation measures. This monitoring program is dynamic in that it will undergo changes as additional mitigation measures are identified and additional conditions of approval are placed on the project throughout the project approval process. This monitoring program will serve a dual purpose of verifying completion of the mitigation measures for the proposed project and generating information on the effectiveness of the mitigation measures to guide future decisions. The program includes the following: Monitoring team qualifications Specific monitoring activities o Reporting system Criteria for evaluating the success of the mitigation measures The proposed project is the adoption of a SPA plan for Village Six of the Otay Ranch GDP. There is also an amendment to the GDP to redesignate Birch Road to a six-lane major arterial between SR-125 and EastLake Parkway. It also includes an evaluation of two Conceptual Tentative Maps and the proposed use of an area as a church and private high school. Village Six is defined by the Otay Ranch GDP as an Urban Village and is planned for transit-oriented development. The proposed Village Six SPA Plan proposes development approximately 237 acres. The transit center and multi-family housing is located around a village core. One hundred forty-nine acres would be developed with nonresidential uses, including community purpose facilities (CPF), an elementary school, a private high school, a public neighborhood park, commercial uses, open space, and circulation rights- of-way. A private high school is proposed for the southern area of the project within the area designated R-11/S-2. Should the high school not be developed, the underlying land use would permit the construction of 146 single-family homes. If the single-family homes are built instead of the high school, the total number of units proposed for the project would be 2,232. Both the high school and the residential use options are considered in this document. A tentative map would have to be processed for these residential units to be developed, and subsequent environmental review would be completed by the City of Chula Vista. The proposed amendment to the Otay Ranch GDP, Chula Vista General Plan, and adopting the SPA Plan are described in the Environmental Impact Report (EIR) text. The Ell;i, incorporated herein as referenced, focused on issues determined to be potentially significant by the City of Chula Vista. The issues addressed in the Ell;[ include land use, traffic circulation and access, biological resources, landform alteration/aesthetics, water resources and water quality, geology and soils, noise, air quality, housing and population, agriculture, cultural resources, paleontological resources, hazards/risk of upset, and public services and utilities. The environmental analysis concluded that for all of the environmental issues discussed, some of the significant and potentially significant impacts could be avoided or reduced through implementation of recommended mitigation measures. Potentially significant impacts requiring mitigation ' were identified for traffic circulation and access, water resources and water quality, geology and soils, agriculture, landform alteration/aesthetics, noise, air quality, cultural resources, paleontological resources, hazards/risk of upset, and public services and utilities. Assembly Bill 3180 requires monitoring of only those impacts identified as significant or potentially significant. The monitoring program for the Village Six SPA Plan therefore addresses the impacts associated with only the issue areas identified above. Mitigation Monitoring Team A monitoring team should be identified once the mitigation measures have been adopted as conditions of approval by the Chula Vista City Council. Managing the team would be accomplished by the Environmental Monitors (EMs), Environmental Specialists (ESs), and the MM. While specific qualifications should be determined by the City of Chula Vista, the monitoring team should possess the following capabilities: Interpersonal, decision-making, and management skills with demonstrated experience in working under trying field circumstances; . 2 Knowledge of and appreciation for the general environmental attributes and special features found in the project area; · Knowledge of the types of environmental impacts associated with construction of cost-effective mitigation options; and " Excellent communication skills. The responsibilities of the MM throughout the monitoring effort include the following: Implement and manage the monitoring program; Provide quality control for the site-development monitoring; · Administrate and prepare daily logs, status reports, compliance reports, and the final construction monitoring; · Act as liaison between the City of Chula Vista and the applicant's contractors; ,, Monitor on-site, day-to-day construction activities, including the direction of EMs and ESs in the understanding of all permit conditions, site-specific project requirements, construction schedules, and environmental quality control effort; · Ensure contractor knowledge of and compliance with all appropriate permit conditions; · Review all construction impact mitigation and, if need be, modify existing mitigation or proposed additional mitigation; · Have the authority to require correction of observed activities that violate project environmental conditions or that represent unsafe or dangerous conditions; and · Maintain prompt and regular communication with the on-site EMs and ESs and personnel responsible for contractor performance and permit compliance. The primary role of the Environmental Monitors is to serve as an extension of the MM in performing the quality control functions at the construction sites. Their responsibilities · Maintain a working knowledge of the Village Six permit conditions, contract documents, construction schedules and progress, and any special mitigation requirements for his or her assigned construction area; Assist the MM and the applicant's construction contractors in coordinating with City of Chula Vista compliance activities; # Observe construction activities for compliance with the City of Chula Vista permit conditions; and ,, Provide frequent verbal briefings to the MM and construction personnel, and assist the MM as necessary in preparing status reports. The primary role of the Environmental Specialists is to provide expertise when environmentally sensitive issues occur throughout the development phases of project implementation and to provide direction for mitigation. Program Procedural Guidelines Prior to any construction activities, meetings should take place between all the parties involved to initiate the monitoring program and establish the responsibility and authority of the participants. Mitigation measures that need to be defined in greater detail will be addressed prior to any project plan approvals in follow-up meetings designed to discuss specific monitoring effects. An effective reporting system must be established prior to any monitoring efforts. All parties involved must have a clear understanding of the mitigation measures as adopted and these mitigations must be distributed to the participants of the monitoring effort. Those that would have a complete list of all the mitigation measures adopted by the City of Chula Vista would include the City of Chula Vista, the project applicant, the MM, and the construction crew supervisor. The MM would distribute to each Environmental Specialist and Environmental Monitor a specific list of mitigation measures that pertain to his or her monitoring tasks and the appropriate time frame that these mitigations are anticipated to be implemented. [n addition to the list of mitigation measures, the monitors will have mitigation monitoring report (MMR) forms, with each mitigation measure written out on the top of the form. Below the stated mitigation measure, the form will have a series of questions addressing the effectiveness of the mitigation measure. The monitors shall complete the MMR and file it with the MM following the monitoring activity. The MM will then include the conclusions of the MMR into an interim and final comprehensive construction report to be submitted to the City of Chula Vista. This report will describe t. hC l]laJOl* accomplishments of the monitoring progn'am, summarize problems encountered in achieving the goals of the program, evaluate solutions developed, to overcome problems, and provide a list of recommendations for future monitoring programs. In addition, and if appropriate, each EM or ES will be required to fill out and submit a daily log report to the MM. The dally log report will be used to record and account for the monitoring activities of the monitor. Weekly and/or monthly status repons, as determined appropriate, will be generated from the daily logs and compliance repons and will include supplemental material (i.e., memoranda, telephone logs, and letters). This type of feedback is essential for the City of Chula Vista to confirm the implementation and effectiveness of the mitigation measures imposed on the project. Actions in Case of Noncompliance There are generally three separate categories of noncompliance associated with the adopted conditions of approval: Noncompliance requiring an immediate halt to a specific task or piece of equipment; Infraction that warrants an immediate corrective action but does not result in work or task delay; and Infraction that does not warrant immediate corrective action and results in no work or task delay. In each case, the MM would notify the applicant's contractor and the City of Chula Vista of the noncompliance, and an MMR would be filed with the MM on a daily basis. There are a number of options the City of Chula Vista may use to enforce this program should noncompliance continue. Some methods commonly used by other lead agencies include "stop work" orders, fines and penalties (civil), restitution, permit revocations, citations, and injunctions. It is essential that all parties involved in the program understand the authority and responsibility of the on-site monitors. Decisions regarding actions in case of noncompliance are the responsibility of the City of Chula Vista. SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES The following table sununarizes the potentially significant project impacts and lists the associated mitigation measures and the monitoring efforts necessary to ensure that the measures are properly implemented. All the mitigation measures identified in the EIR are recommended as conditions of project approval and are stated herein in language appropriate for such conditions. In addition, once the Otay Ranch Village Six SPA Plan has been approved, and during various stages of implementation, the designated monitors, the City of Chula Vista, and the applicant will further refine the mitigation measures.